Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, September 8, 1895, Page 10

* ot 10 g g o 2 v TR W R e R 4 AHE YT Ry 2 f e I .' THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 1895, CHIEF COMMAND OF THE ARMY Prospoctive Changes Following the Retire- ment of Lieut, Gen, Schofield, EMINENT SERVICES IN WAR AND PEACE Mow He is Regarded by His Asso- clates—General Miles in Line for Promotien—An Outline of ¥ Military Cnreer. WASHINGTON, Sept. 7.—(Special.)—Lieu- tenant General John McAllister Sehofield will retire from active service on the 20th inst. He will be 64 years of age on that date. He was born on September 29, 1831, in Chau- tauqua county, New York, and his retire- ment will cccur on account of the age limit fixed by law. Goneral Schofield has had great and distin- gulshed men as his companions, friends and active contemporaries in clvil, military and soclal life. He entered the military academy at West Point on July 1, 1849, and remained there until the 1st of July, 1853, when he was graduated with honor, standing number seven in his class, Among those who were in his class and were graduated with General Scho- fleld were General Philip H. Sheridan, Major neral James B. McPherson and the con- federate Lieutenant General John B. Hood. Upon leaving West Point he was assigned to the First regiment of artillery and appointed brevet second lieutenant. With this rank he served in the garrison at Fort Moultrie, S C., and on the 315t of August of the same year_he was made full second lieutenant of the,First artiliery. During 1854-65 he served in Florida, and during 1855-56 at West Point as assistant professor of natural afd experi- mental philosophy, being principal assistant professor from September. 30, 1856, to August 28, 1860. Krom 1860 until 1361 he took les of absence and during that time became pro- fessor of physics in the Washington univer- sity at St. Louls, Mo. SERVICES IN THE WAR. When the civil war began General Schofleld entered the civll service as major of the First Missouri volunteers, April 26, 1861, and was_soon_after appointed chief of the staff to Brigadier General Nathaniel Lyon, with whom he served - during the latter's cam- paign in- Missourl, including th: battle of Wilson's Creek, August 10, 1861, 'where General Lyon was killed while leading a charge of the First Iowa infantry. He was also engaged In the action of Dug Springs, August 2, the skirmish at Curran postoffice, August 3 and 4, and the battle of Fredrick town, October 21, 1861. He was appointed brigadier general of volunteer; 1861, and a few days later bri November 21, dier general of the Missouri militia, of which h: was in command from November, 1851, to Novem. ber, 1862. From the latter date until April, 1863, he was in command of the army of tho frontier and district of southwest Missouri. He was a member of the army and navy board to cxamine the condition ana fitness of the Missisippi gun and mortar boat flotilla, He was appointed major gen- eral of volunteers November from May, 1863, until February, 1864, was in command of the Department of Missouri. On the 5ih of Februiry he was assigned to com- mand of the Department and Army of the Ohio, and in April, 1864, joined the forces that were collecting nexr Chattanooga, under or General William T. Sherman, for th invasion of Georgia. He took an active part in the Atlanta campaign, being engaged 1u the battles of Resaca, Dalias, Kenesaw Moun tajn and Atlanta, When Sherman left At- Janta on his famous march to the sea, Major General Schofield, with the Twenty-third army corps, was ordered Mack to Tennessee to form a part of the army that was then béing organized, under ~Major General George M. Thomas, to resist Hood's invasion of Teanes General Schofleld rotreatdd skillfully before the superior forces of Hood, inflicting 2 :severe check -upon him ina sharp battle at Franklin,“Tenn., Novem- ber 30, 1864. He then joined Thomas at Nash- ville: December 1, 1564 Earshisseervices at the:Wattle of I'rankiin he Wag made brigadler “%eneral afidbrevet major general ini the reg- ~ ulat army, - He took part in-the batils of Nashville December 15 and 16, 1884, and the subsequent pyrsuit of Hood's army. In Jan uary, 1865, he was detachied from Thomas' command and sent with the Twenty-third army corps by rail to Washington and thence by transports”to the mouth of Cape Fear river, the entire movement of T%.000 mer with their artillery and baggage over a d “tance of 1,800 miles being accomplished seventeen days, He was assigned to the command of the Department of North Caro- lina on KFebruary 9, 1865, captured Wilming- ton on February 22, was engaged in the bat- tle of Kingslon March 8 to 10, and joined Sherman at Gdldsboro on March 22. He was present at the surrender of Joe Johnston's army on April 26, and was charged with the execution of tib details of the capitulation, AFTER THE WAR. In June, 1865, he was sent to Burope on a special mission by the Department of State in regard to the Fremch intervention in Mexico and remained until 1866, In August of that year he was assigned to com- mand of the Department of the Potomac with headquarters at Richmond. He was in charge of the First military district (the state of Virginia) from March, 1867, to May, 186S. General Schofield succeeded Edwin M. Stan- ton as secretary of war June 2, 1863, and re- mained in that office until the cjose of Presi- dent Johnson's administration, when he was appointed major general in the United States army_and crdéred to the Department of Mis- sourl, Ho was in command of the Depart- ment of the Pacific from 1570 until’ 1876, and agaln In 1852 to 1888; superintendent of the United States Military academy from 1876 untiL 1881, .and in command of the division of the Missourl from 1883 until 1886, when he took charge of the division of the Atlantic. Being the senior major general, he was the roajor general commanding the army on Au- gust 14, 1888, fu which capacity he has served ever since. By a special act of the Fifty- third congress on February 14, 1895, he was made lieutenant general, a_rank which has been: conferred only upon Washington, Scott, Grant, Sherman, Sheridan and Sehofield. From this briet glance at the military serv- ico cf General Schofield it will be seen that Iy bife in the army bas been replete with in- teresting incidents. His mflitary carcer has been a varled one. The histery of his lite since his incumbency of the position at the head of the army is too fresh in the minds ot the public to require reeital. During the administration of President Grant that so.dier statesman appolnted William T. Sherman to he a gengral in command of the army. He ~also appointed Philip H. Sheridau lieutenant general, and General Schoficld was made a Twdjor general. The death of General Sher- man Lemporarily disposed of the rank of gen- -eral. - General Sheridan was promoted to that © rank by a special act of congress, and he re- ceived the rank on the 1st of June, 1588, But he did not enjoy the honor long, for he died on the 5th of August following. It will be recalled that General Sheridan was on his deathbed when the honor was conferred upon him by eongress. General Sherldan only had time to declde upon the appointments of two members Of his staff when death called him away foréver. Colonel M. V. Sheridan, familiarly knows as Colonel “Mike Sheridan,” and Golonel 8. C. Kellogg were bis selections. With the death of General Sheridan the grade general elapsed and has not been revived. There have been only three generals @ our army, - General U. S Grant being the first and he was followed by Sherman and Sher. idan. General Washington was a leutenant general, and Geveral Winfield Scott held that rank. -~ The latter became a general, but it was by brevet ouly. A POPULAR COMMANDER. Army officers generally ontertain grest re- spect and. admirat'on for General Schofleld, and nowhere Is tho general's p-pularity mors apparent than ameng his fellow officers. Pay. mastor General Thuddeus H. Stintcz, than whom there are few offie:rs who hive a more brilliant record, and who is familiarly known The Fighiing Paymaster,” was a member of General Sehufleld’s staflf when the latter was in command of the First military district, with beidquartors at Ricimond, and served several years there with Gaaeral Scho- feld. General Stanton vays: “I do not know of any cfficer Jn the army mcra kind and ecu sidcrnto than General Schofield has siways hoxu. He Popular with every ofiieor who had any dealings whth him, aad he is he'd in kigh regard now by all army ofesrs. He was a friend to all (hoss whom hs could serve in any way and always had a des're to ald those who were worthy of help, Ife bad & kind word for all, and on every cecaston treated Nis subordinates with respect and cons'deration. - Tt was this kind and affecifon- ate disposttion whieh made him dear to tho: who knew him. He was kind hearted, too. When he was serving in Virginla during the reconstruction days he was a friend of the southern mén. He made them understand that he was there to help and assist them, and not to oppress them. Ho was loyal, too, above all, and owing to his open hearted and candid ways of performing his duty he gained un- bounded favor with the people in those days. General Schofleld is a rare man, he has bean an excellent army officer and War department official, and has always shown by his work that he has been a friend of the army and his country; toe. Not only has he done ex- cellent service In the later years in the ad- ministration of the affairs of the army, but he rendered invaluable service during the war. He is such a man as deserves the re- spect and consideration of every American citizen. 1 was very glad when congress took action last February and honored General Schofleld by promoting him to the grade of lleutenant general, for he certainly meriied the consideration shown." General Stanton has long been a personal friend of General Schofleld and knows him very well, 50 that he is thoroughly competcnt to &peak thus of the life and work of the re- tiring general. General Schofield's brother was one of the vietims of the terrible catas- trophe that oceurred in Richmond when the court house fell, killing upward of seveaty people. General Stanton was the first person to recognize the body of the general's brother and rescued it from the ruins, and after con- veying It to a place of safety notified Gen- eral Schofield at Washington of his brother's death, In speaking in this manner of General Schofleld -the paymaster general but echoes the sentiments of the whole army. General Schofleld is uulversally recognized as a rare man and a superior officer. He will be missed by every soldier and by civilians as well as by the officers of the army. He will carry with him the best wishes of every American citizen. SCHOFIELD'S PROBABLE SUCCESSOR. It Is the general opinion among army offi- cers in Washington that Major General Nel- son Appleton Miles will be placed in com- mand of the army to succeed General Scho- fleld. General Miles, who is now the com- nding geveral of the Department of the , with headquarters at New York, is the senior major general and hence is entitle to the appointment, which will be made by President Cleveland. General Ruger and Gen- eral Merr'tt are the two other major gen- erals. When General Ruger was detatled for special duty with the secretary of war it was rumored that his transfer had some ad- ditional significance and that he was to be placed In command of the army upon the re- tiremént of General Schofield. This report did not gain much credence, however, for it was the. general beliet that the president would not depart from the well establ'shed precedent and give the appointment to any other officer than the senior major general. Every one will be pleased to have General Miles come to the head of the army, for he, too, is a very popular officer. General Miles also had a brilliant record and one that would entitle him to consideration on the part of the president. He is an old cam- paigner and his courageous work is espe- cially familiar in the west, where his serv- ices have been conspicuous. General Miles < born at Westminater, Mass., on the Sth August, - 1839, and is_therefore in the b year of his age, being eight years younger than Lieutenant General Schofield. Should he live he will, accordingly be re- tired, under existing laws, on August 8, 1903. GENERAL MILES' CAREER. General Miles received an academic educa- tion and was engaged in mercantile pursuits when the civil war began. On Septemb 1861, he entered the volunteer servi lieutenant in the Twenty-second chusetts infantry, and was commi lieutenant colonel of the Sixty-first New York volunteers, to date May 31, 1862. He was engaged in the battles of the peninsula before: Richmond and at Antietam, and on September 30 was made colonel of his regi- ment, Colonel Miles fought in all the bat- tles of the Army of the Polomac, with one exception, up to the surrender of Lee at Appamatfox Court House, Va. and was "wounded three times. Hé rectived a brevet of brigadier general of voluntecrs for gallantry at Chanceljorsville May 3, 1863, and was ad- vanced to the full rank on May 12, 1864, for His services at the battles of the Wilderness and Spottsylvania Court House. On August 25, 1864, he was brevetted major general of volunteers for his conduct throughout the Richmond campaign and valuable services at Ream’s station. He was commissioned major general on October 21, 1865, and mustered out of the volunteer service on Septewmber 1, 1866, after recelving on July 28 an appointment in the regular army as colonel of the Fortieth infantry. On March 2, 1867, the brevets of brigadier general and major general, United States army, were conferred on him for bravery at Chancel'orsville and Spottsylvania, He was transferred to'tne Fifth infantry on March 15, 1 He defeated the Cheyenne, Kiowa and Comanche Indiuns on the borders of the Staked Plans in 1875, and in 1876 sub- Jugated (he hostile Sioux‘and other Indians in Montana, driving Sitting Bull across the Canada frontler and breaking up the bands that were led by him and by Crazy Horse, Lame Deer, Spotted Eagle, Broad Tail, Hump, and others. In September he captured the Nez Perces, under Chief Joseph, in northern Montana, and in 1878 captured a band of Ban- nocks near Yellowstone park. He was com- missioned brigadier general on December 15, 1880, He commanded the Department of Co- lumbia for five years. in July, 1885, he was assigned to command of the Dopartment of the Missouri, and in April, 1886, was trans- ferred to Arizona. After a diffieult campaign against the Apaches, under Geronimo and Natchez, he compelled those chiefs to sur- render September 4, 1586, He deemed it ad- visable in the interest of the future tran- quiliity of the Indians to accept a conditional surrender from Geronimo, agreeing that nelther the daief nor any of his followers should suffer death for their past crimes. He recelved the thanks of th® legislatures of Kan- Montana, New Mexico and Arizona for his services in the west, and the citizens of Arizona presented to General Miles a sword of honor at Tucson on November 8, 1887, in the presence of a large gathering of citizens of the territory. He was appointed major general on the Gth of April, and assumed that rank April 14, 1850. General Miles was in gommand of the Department of the Missourl, with headquarters at Chicago, when he was called to New York to take command of the Department of the Iast upon the retirement of Major General Oliver O. Howard. From this account of General Miles' serv- ices it will be seen how valuable his cam- paigns in the west have been, mot only to that section, but to the entire country. To ieneral Miles more than to almost any other person is due the credit for having waged a successful war against the disturbing ele- ments of the Indian tribes of the west, Hut the mention of the name of General Miles in connection with the Sioux Indians recalls to memory the closing days of the career of General George A. Custer. Many persons to this day belleve that had General Custer not been as enthusiastic as he was, but had followed the policy of Indlan war- fare as outlined by General Miles, he and his little band of faithful eavalrymen would not have been treacherously slain at the battle of ‘the Little Big Horn, but would have lived to do other vallant deeds. The names of these two. hero of 'whom has already passed away forever, will stand together in the future, and each will recelve a favorable decree and 'a kind word of praise trom a people who will alweys feel indebted to them for their gallant scrvices. Forests Beneath the Water, Many years ago, says the Seattle (Wash.) there was some vast uph2aval on the #hores of Lake Samamish that sen{ a portion of the Newcastle hills down iuto the lake, with its tall evergreen forest intact, and there it Is to this day. About this time of the year the waters are at the lowes and the tops of the tallest of these blg treas are out of the waler, but uever more than ten or twelve Inches. At this time one can ses dowr Into tie mirror-like depths of the lake for thirty feet or more. Near the banks the trees are interlaced at various anglen, but farther out In the deep water they stand straight, erect, and Wmbless and barkless, 100 feet tall. They are three feet through, some of them, aad so firm in tex- ture as to he scareely affected by a knife blada. - There Is a place in Tumwater canon, on the line of the Great Northern, near Leavenworth, in gome respects similar, At 2oma early tme a portion of the great woun- tain sidé vame rusbing down and buried ftselt at the hottom, Now there Iy a con- siderable 11ke, and in the center stand tall, ilmbleas tre differcut In Wpecies from those growing along the canon. At Greem fs 10,000 feel above level—ls & sub- llna;a;ln-lcrak ©f pine trees, some hundred oe! AARRRADARARR RDRRIPA REPRAR ECHOES OF TH AAAARAANCAALLANNIIARRGL. Of all the exhibits to b seen at the state fair grounds during the coming days of the falr by no means the least interesting will be the one shown by the secret organizations that have obtained a foothold In the city. The space covered by the buildings and tents erected by these orders can well be called an exhibit, for their number and the manner in which they are fitted up will show their growth in the state and will demonstrate clearly the princip'es which underlie them and has caused this growth. These headquarters will be located In the northeastern corner of the grounds and in conspleuous positions near the Alfalfa palace and Art building. There are sevegal bulldings, | one occupied by the Ancient Order of United Workmen and another by the Woodmen of the World. 1In addition to these there will be soveral large and commodious tents which will be furnished as attractively as possible. The probability is that when the state fa'r occurs again next fall a number of the tents will ba displacel by. permanent bullding:. This year, because of the ghort spice of time that intervened between the day that the fair was located here and the day on which it will be opened, many of the orders were un- able to raise enough money to ery the bulid- ings In time for the operiing. Consequently the erection of permanent headquarters w:s postponed unt'l next year. The energy of the members of the two orders that did succeed in obtaining buildings should be corre:p.nd- ingly commended. In all of the headquarters there will be competent men to give information to and take eare of all visitors, so far as l'es in their power. Baskets and baggage will be checked and cared for and chairs and lounges will be provided for all those who may wish to rest. The secret orders, too, will tike part in at least one big parade of the we:k. On Wednesday night the larger portion of the military and civic parade will be comp-sel of fraternity men. Thouzands of them: Will be in line. On Thur:day the Wecodmen of the World will have a special day, one of the features of which will bs 4 parade. One of the neatest and prett'est huildings on the fair grounds is that erectzd by the Woodmen of Amerlca. It js a typical Wood- man's 1og cabin, the logs covered with bark and chinksd with clay... At one end.is,the old- ttme chimney with its equally time as- companiments of crane and. andiroas, It is 0x24 feet in sizo and tweve feet in the . The interior furnishings, consisting of chairs, writing and reading tables, will all ba of rustic design. A roster will be kept in the building and each day a balletin.of the | s program will be posted. Several loral members will be on hand to lodk out for the visitors, A building equally as attractive, but of en- tirely different design, is that erected by the Ancient Order of Uhited Workmen. ‘It is a handsome structure, 26x30 feet In size. Bach of the front corners are occupied by bay windows crowned by roofs' of the Chinese pagoda style. A porch eight feet in: width extends in front of the building. The front portion of the structure is occupled by a large reception room, 26x30 feet square. In addition to this there are rooms for men and women and a large check room. - The re- ception room will be provided with chalrs and tables, with writing material and reading matter. There will be a number of people in charge at all times, both men and women, the feminine relatives of the members of the order and the women of the Degree of Honor having insisted on having a share in the entertainment of the visitors. The Modern Woodmen of Amerlca will have a large tent, which will be sultably divided oft into apartments for men and women, and into reception and check ‘rooms. | At- tendants, men and women, will be on hand at all times to see to the entertainment of visitors and to give information of all kinds regarding the order; the: fair and the enter- tainments that will oocur in the clty dusing the week. Fhe'tent will be decorated with streamers and isigns in-such a manner that it can not be overlooked. The Royal Arcanum will also have a head- guarters which will consist of a tent. Like that of the Modern Weodmen this also will be divided into various apartments and Wil be in charge of both male and female ft- tendants. It will be provided with tables and chairs and writing and reading ‘material | and will have a check room. ° In addition to this headquarters on the grounds the order | will_have another in one of the down town | hotels to dispense information and enter- tainment to visiting members. Another big tent on the grounds will be the home of the visiting members of the Order of the World. This will provide all the conveniences that will be requited. —The tent will be in charge of Superlntendent Baright and a corps of assistants. Chiefly through the well-directed efforis of Comrade Wilcox, U. S. Grand post | No. 120, Grand Army of ‘the Republic; will have a tent, 20x30 feet, which will be in charge of Comrades J. S. Blike 'and M. Waltemeyer. It will be provided With seats and other convenlences. Streamers . will show what it s and a big sign will bid wel- come to all old soldiers on the grounds. A roster will be kept of all the old, soldiers who visit the tent, giving thelr names, ad- dresses and the regiments in. which they served during the war. | Woodmen of the World day on: Thursday ot state fair week will be .one of the bjg events. The celebration will, take the, place of the annual picnic. The outline of tha. program that will be followed has been: laid; out, al- though the details have not as yet been ar- ranged. A big parade. through the principal streets of the eity will take place -in the morning and in the afternoon the Woodmen will go to the fair_ grounds,where-speeches will be delivered. In the evaning a:big en- tertainment is to be given in.the bail of Alpha camp. An attendance of fully '5,000 members of the order is expeoted. from this and neighboring states. Members of the committes on arrangements of the Ancient Order of United Workmen wish this column to- announgs. officially. that all members of the order, local as well as visiting, are expectad to meet-at the corner of Fifteenth and Douglas streets on Wednes- day night, September 18, to fall in line for the great military and clvic parade which will occur on that night. During the . day a celebration will be held which will make_ the day practically an Ancient Ordér of United Workmen event. f a1 Most of the secret orders are arranging to be well represented in the parade, -which occurs on Wednesday night, September 18. It the predictions made by each ‘of them of the number of members they will have in line are realized, the parade will bé a mon- ster affair, The Woodmen of the World are intending to erect a stand at some point on the line of march which will be taken by ‘thevarious parades during state fair week. = Visiting members will either be admitted free to this stand or a very small admission fee will be charged. The excursion of Omaha lodge No. 200, Order of the World, to Lincoln park, Lincoln, on August 29, was well attended and is sald to have been good paying venture for the lodge. - At the last meeting of Teutonia lodge No. 262, Order of the World, it was declded by a majority vote to remove from its present quarters at Tenth and Farnam streets, to Muller’s hall, Eighteenth and Vinton streets. Tuls change is made necessary on account of the rapid growth of the lodge and the limited meeting room at the present lodge querters. The new lodge rooms are being specially fitted up for Teutonfa, and consist of a large meeting room, a dining room and Kitchen and another hall which will be used for a reception or entertalnment room. Teu- tonia does and can well afford to feel proud of its new quarters, for no lodge In the city | at work fn its depths. can boast of as pleasant and commodious lodgo rooms. Concordla lodge, Opder of the World, is rapidly pushing itself forward with a con- tinuous and steady growth, and Is already :::aun.; one of the leading German lodges © of the Order of the World *t rete, Nob. on Weduesday District ntendent E AN I'E ROOM. ¢ AAARAL AR YRR RARGARARRRY with ‘a large’énembership, and the brightest of prospects.o¥The name of the new organi- sation 1s Konroskky 1odge. s a1 On Thursday » evening, September 6, D trict Superintendent 1. G. Baright insti- tuted Golden Rod lodge of Nebraska City, Neb. After, the, installation of officers a pleasing literary 'and musical entertainment was given by, the members of the new lodge together with, 4 few friends. Refreshments were served Jaley in the evening, and all present ehjogéd a’ pleasant social time. The club room of the Omaha Turner so- ciety will bo open during falt week from 8 o'clock a. m. to 12 o'clock m., to all visitors who come to Omaha. A raception committee of Turner men and women will always be fn attendance to reccive visitors and give them a hearty welcome. The bears of the Omaha Turner society will hold a picnic_at Cut-Off lake, East Omaha, today. The program will be fishing' contest, prize shooting match, and a prize bieycle race. The committee of the bears selected for this purpose has made arrangements to make this event a great suceess; " GETTING CLOSE TO X A Walk Behind the M Wiater in a Mist of Ral Niagara must ba falt. . You want to ctawl up into its great heaving bosom and lay your head against its terrible throbbing heart, the Cave of the Winds, says a writer In the. C'n: ¢'nnati Times. You are almost terrified at your own dolight, as, clothed in nothing bul rubber, you clamber among the rocks as I did on a hot, sunshiny afternoon, with rainbows ringing my feot and fingers and a hala around my head. The great bow!ders protect you and you can play in the water, st'll boll- ing with the ghock of the descent, A vibgyor, circle rests on the water—a complete circle and inside that another, and yet another in- side that. You dive into it and shatter it into a thousand fragments.and come up with a rainbow around each eye l'ke a pair of gorgeous spectacles and a film of water fi I'ng the circlo. You shake yourself and shower hundreds of ra‘nbows on the rocks—you hold out your hands with the end of a rainbow resting on each palm, and you look for the pot of gold, and there it is at your feet and ou grab it—and it is yonder, and still yond<r, amid a whirl of vibrant color. You drop inlo a crevasse and the water tossos you out like a rubbar ball. You lig down and the whizzing torrent sels you uppn your feet. You hold fast to a rock and lie on the stream that rushes so swift you can not sink into it, but.rock up and down on the surface like-a bag of wind, while ra‘nbows alight on you like a swarm of humming birds, You look up through your rainbow spectacles at the midget pzople on the rocks above and wonder who they are. You are washed clean of earth. The rainbow bath has washed out of your mind all things but the awful majesty of Niagara. You follow the guide behind ‘the curtain of water and greep close to the ledge. There! your feet slip, and you drop into water hundreds of feet deep! You are lost!' Oh, no; not a bit. The re- bound Is so gfcat”you canmot sink, and the Water throws you back to solid rock again. The wind shrieks a fierce welcome. You are in the very Heart'of Niagara; you stand on the valves affi' take part in every mighty systole and tife Yogr is a mighty silence per- vading the fHif-light of that mysierious chamber of the Heart. Almost a similar ex- perience wastie 'tHp behind the Canadian Falls. d The exact thing has yet to be said about the falls, and when it is said so the who'e world can regognize if, the,description will be com- plete. To my,mind, Charles Dudley Warcer has said this thing,about the whirlpool In the words: It 45,like & hungry animal, return- ing and licking the shore for the prey it has missed.” I sat for two hours looking down into the awfuk catmness, and. the fdea of a hungry wolt:dicking the shore and. nosing among: the rodks: drove out.all other com-! parisons. 1t ixi400 feet deep and half a mile across, and as one looks down from the jcl ff, 250 feet above, the surface is almost qui:t There are no waves—no foim-—only a series of wide whirls, smooth on top as. if polished, but the terrible roar, almost {oo deep for the ear to catch'it, tells of the frightful forces Logs thrown in here will not emerge for several weeks, and the vast flood that pours into it must twist and turn and twine and fntertwine, traversing hundreds of miles before it at last reaches the $pot near the boitom, whence it leaps upward and out at a right ahgle to the direct'on of entrance. For 100 yards the escaping water slides down the canyon like a huge block of green fice. The pressure of the mass has actually squeezed this ezcaping steam to such & density that it looks firm—Iike a tile from a clay machine—no bubble nor foam mars ts solid surface, except where a projecting rock makes a deep scratch here and there, casting the dry water dust on either side. Above the whirlpool the raplds roar down, 250 feet deep, between canyons that high above them. - Viewed from their edge they look ltke @ steep bill of green ice covered with snow, down which plunge a multitude of gay tobogganers dressed in white furs, all clashing and dashing into one another in tre- mendous confusion and fading like dreams. The water seems to be carried forward by some awful force against its will. The waves seem to be trying to hold back and their ghostly fingers grab at every rock in the Vain struggle. The center of the stream 18 curyed up and you seem to see packs of fleet-footed Esquimau poodies racing upstream, yet neyer making any headway.- The rapids above the' falls seem to hold back also, and there, also are the white-footed fluffy dogs forever racing upstream and digging up sprays as dry as dust. The rapids here are wide, but almost as furious, and far more fanciful than those below. Huge bowlders lie in the chapnel, tossing up elonds of spray-like spouting horsés and here and there a log lodged against a rock appears like a lone Indian sitting in his canoe on the edge of the world. At the supreme moment, just before the plunge is taken, the waters assume an air of resignation. All was hurry before, but row there is plenty of time and they seem 10 pause and gaze over before they plunge. There is one view of. the fally that all ac- knowledge the best. That is from the deck of the stanch little steamer Maid of the Mist, With the stars and stripes at her bow: and the British colors at the stern, she noses among the rocks at the foot of the American falls and clambers over the bubbling billows in'the heart of the Horseshoe falls, turning and tossing, -carcening and crossing, splash- Ing and dashing and whirling and purling and rising and falling with speed most sur- prising and motion appalling, and darting and starting, now wrapped in the spray and now wreathed in a rainbow so close to the wall of water that you are almost afraid she will £0'too far thisftime; but she never does, and never in all the generations she has been on the river has there been an accident. She even ran the owhirlpool rapids once—and plunged Into the -Whirlpooo) and dived deep into ‘the turmejl--mobody knows how deep— but clear- outof sight—and came up with only her smokestack missing, and darted down the lowar 7apids to Lewiston and es- caped the sheriff-with his writ of seizure—a toolhardy feat,,hutsit proved her strength, so there need never be any fear of her golng too far. Her body has been replaced dnd re- newed a dozey. times, but her soul has never left the spot. ; No qther boat but the Maid of the Mist could llve I that seething caldron. From the deck’’clothed in rubber, you gaze ug from her=*yp,'up; and seek the horizon above thé¥ fall'before’ you. They loom to a fearful helght 410° show a thomsand patches of color, all stitthed together with rainbows— all whirling aid ¥hanging like the nebulae of a nightmare. “This 15 the grandest/ scene ot all and ‘one you will long to repeat over and over, and every time -it is grander- than ever. ., Salt Makes Sugar Sweeter, Who would think of making sugar sweeter by the addition of salt? Such, however, is asserted to be the ease by Prof. Zuntz at a late meeting of the Physiological society of Berlin. From, his experiments he finds that if to a solution of sugar there be added a slight amount of salt and water so weak that It excites no saline taste, the rcsult is extra sweetening of the sugared water. The weak- @est of quinine solution is sald to produce a practieally_similar result. The explanation given of the above seeming incongruity 15 that the ever so feebe saltness or bitterness imparts an increased sensibility to the sensation of taste by the simultaneous stimuli, and heuce ppreciation of addi- tional sweetness ALONG SOUTHWEST BORDER Where *Modern Goaheadativeness Jostles with Spanish Indolences. GLIMPSES OF MOUNTAIN AND VALLEY Cluster of Quaint New Mexican Towns and the Surrounding Valleyw— Development of Irrigntion— Fruit and Cereal Crops. LAS CRUCES, N. M., Sept. 4.—(Special Correspondence of The Bee.)—The great In- ternational Irrigation congress that is to semblo In Albuquerque, N. M., September 16 to 20 Inclusive, is now the great theme of the west. In the region of Rocky Ford end La Junta, Colo.,, the system of irrigation is almost complete and the crops are always surg, abundant and of excellent quality. West, of this district there is but little farming until the ‘irrigation districts along the head waters of the Cimaron, Canadian and Rio Grande are reached. This year, how- éver, the gronnd has been pretly thoroughly soaked all the way from Falls City, Neb,, to Cluda Juarze, in Ol Mexico. It has evi- dently been ralning occasionally for some weeks, for ithe native grasses, weeds and troes are all green and thrifty. The prin- €l wild grasses are the buffalo (sesteria Quctyloides) ‘and gama (tripsacum dacty- loldes.) ~Cattle, horses, burros, sheep and goats are in good condition. I did mot see more than 1,000 heall of cattle, and saw but few hogs and horses. The Spanish Peaks loomed up higher and more beautiful as we approached Trinidad. The summits of these twin mountajns are some ten. or. twelve miles apart, rise far above thetimber line and are in about an east and west ‘line. There are some silver and gold mities Mot far from the peaks. Geological and elimatological conditions often exist that are not down in the book. Gold is found where it is, and crops grow well where the land is irrigated, whether it is so announced by geologists or mot. South of Trinidad is Wootson ldke, covering several acres. It is surrounded by trees and is well supplied with boats and boat houses. Not far from this ‘lake Is the muddy Purgatory river. There is good farming in the valley. One crap of alfalfa has been stacked and the sec- ond crop is about ready to cut. Much of the wheat IS still standing, but in several places they 'were cutting wheat. They harvest wlhieat with the little hand sickle. Cabbage, corn and potatoes looked well. From Trini: dud it is pretty steep most of the way up the Raton mouutains, to the north line of New Mexico, Along the road from Trinidad south, ex- cept along the Mesa, there is almost a con- tinuous line of adobe houses. In the vallegs there is a rich silicious loam. Morey is the last ;station In Colorado, and twenty-three miles south of it we climbed the mountains, Dy the aid of an extra locomotive, crossed the state. line, passed through a tunnel 2,010 feet long, and then commenced a gradual descent south through New Mexico. The mountains are covered with cedar and pine. The slopes and lower grounds are covered with chapar- rals. Coal mines are seen along the moun- tain sides. ‘The altitude of the Raton tunnel is over 7,000 feet. Mountain flowers beautify the slopes. The track crosses the head waters of the Canadian and Rio Grande rivers sev- eral times. Maxwell's old Spanish grant be- gins in Colorado, a few miles south of Starkesville, and extends south far beyond the town of Maxwell. Starkesville has ex- tensive coke ovens. Springer is a good sized town surrounded by good farms and lakes. We passed close to Sugar Loaf mountain, and aw thonsands of tons of alfalfa and good corn, va's, wheat, ete. The rock seems to be aluminium conglomerate. Las Vegas has about 7,000 inhabitants. They are mostly Mexicans. At Albuquerque there is consid- erable stir caused by. a faith healer, West of San Marclal the road passes for many miles through the craters of extinct volca- noes. This evidently was once the location of great natural smelters. The slag alone remains on surface, but valuable metal may possibly be. found far below. Along the lin are yarious Spanish grants containing hundreds of square miles. Some have been approved by the government but others are contested. Purchasers should in- vestigate titles. Various kinds of Spanish daggers grow on the plains. Some grow eight or fen feet high and nine inches thick, Mountains are approached by almost parailel ranges of mesas. Rio Grande river at San Antonio has a shallow sandy bed some 300 feet wide. The valley is narrow and almost Wholly of fertile silt. The population of San Antonio is estimated at 1,800, Large stone round house on south slde, Adobe houses are one-story, have walls about twelve inches thick, one or two small windows, often fron guarded. Roofs are flat. Walls_extend above roof from ome to two feet, Pipes # troughs are set in this rim to ron the raln water several feet from tes bullding. Roofs are constructed about as follows: When the walls have been built as high as desired, usually elght or ten feet, ldirge poles are laid across the building. Small cottonwood limbs, one or two inches in diameter, are cut into pleces about two feet long and are laid side by side across the &pace between the supporting poles. A smooth layer of weeds or hay is then placed on these . wooden tiles, the entire flat surface is then coyered .with about a six inch layer of adobe (clay. Pipes or troughs are then set to run .the roof water from the building and tte walls aze coutinued one or two feet above the roof. When the adobe clay is thoroughly dry. the cracks are filled with fresh adobe. The smoke pipe is set in the roof and pas- tored around to' turn the wa'er. The alobe in.prepared by mixing clay with water and Btraw.. 1t contains about 50 per cent of in- scluble matter, 20 per cent of silica and 30 periicent. of ‘carbonates, phosphates, etc. It is the common soil of the country and is used for walls, roofs and fences. At Albuquerque, Pueblo Indian girls fn showy vostumes' filed into the cars to sell fruits, " eakes, ete. The New Mexico Colleze of Agriculture and Mechanical Arts and United States ex- ‘périment station at Las Cruces is supported by the government and by the territory. Last year there were ten professors and 140 students in the college. The board of regents is appointed by the territorial governor. On the Spatcler, or La Flou del Valley farm, is a perfect system of irrigation. Mr. Spatcler fas 190 acres and his system of ditches is arranged so that he can get water to all parts of it In two hours. Mr. Spateler's fruit recelved the highest awards al the World's fair and also at the Denver exhibit. Among the other fine places in the valley are Woodland orchard of 9,000 trees, and Casad orchard of 6,000 trees and the experimental station of several thousand trees. The trees on all”the farms are mostly peaches, pears, plums and apples. Thousands of tons of alfalfa are shipped from this valley. Through the Kindness of Prof. A. E. Blount, agri- cultarist, Prof. George Vestal, horticuliuralist and_agriculturist, in charge of the station, W. E. Baker, agent for the Rio Grande Land company, Hon. A. F. Fountain, Allen J. Papen, editor of the Republican, and N. Spat- cler, frait grower, I was enabled to travel over the valley, examine the ditches, visit the orchards, eat the frult and drink the water from different wells In the valley. These are the principal ditches near Las Cruces, the Dona Ana, twelve miles long, Las Cruces, sixteen miles long and the M illa, twenty miles long. The ditches are about twelve feet wide at the top. The water cirrfes from 1 to 5 per cent of fertilizing silt that settles in the ditches and fs mixed with the soil by cultivatio The altitude_of Las Cruces is 3,800 feet. The Pueblo Indians lived here by irrigation long before the advent of the Spaniards. About half the irrigable land In the valley Is under cultivation. There is plenty of water with wells, but as soon as the dam up the river is completed there will be plenty of ater without the aid of pumps. There are 4o water rents to pay, but every person who uses the water Is expected to do his share of the work in keeplng the ditches open and Iu good repair. If & man neglects or refuses to bear hiy share of repair expenses the major domo shuts off the water from his land, About July 1 is the bottest time in the year. The. temperature in the shade is at 3 p. m. the hottest part of the day, from 80 degrees to 106 degrees. The records show that the 1895 Silk Derby . . . NOTE. . . nishers in Omaha. ANNOUNCEMENT, FALL SEASON Hfihdsomely Made... Elegantly Finished ... =~ = Furniture Exclusive Designs. Latest Patterus, Beautiful Colorings in . . . - = Carpetings Novelties in Lace, Cotton and - = Draperies At Popular Prices. Our style and patterns are at least 5 years in advance of all competitors. you that we are the only up-to-date House Fur- We can prove (0 CUMOWUMAOULY 1 K0T A DARK OFFICE ROOM IN ANY PART OF THE BUILDING. BER BUILDING BARBER SHOP, Buelow, proprietor. FOREST LA’ TION. FIRST BEE BUSINESS OFFICE. SUPERINTENDENT BEE BUILDING. WESTERN FICE. L SECOND SR . Mai SAUSETTS MUTUAL LIFE IN- SYRARGERTIN, faw Ofce 3 TER, La 5 SHRISTIAN BCIENCE READING ROOMS. J. W. SQUIRE, Loans. DR. O. 8. HOFFMAN, B AT AL e i ooms . BV SIMERAL, WM. BIMERAL, Law Officles. VIAVI COMPANY, FOURTH NASON & NASON, Dentists. @, B ALLIN, Alpha Councll No. 1 Wood- men of the World. PACIFIC, MUTUAL LIFE AND ACCI- DENT INSURANCE COMPANY. WEBSTER, HOWARD & CO., Fire In- "L BLACK, Civil Engi . Civil Engineer. W. BUES & CO., Bolicitors of Patents. NDARD _ACCIDENT ~ INSURANCE OMPANY, Percy B, Ford, Agent H. WALWORTH, Comméreial Trust Co. o Labor this year spofled some of the crops. on the ditches is valued at 75 cents a day. The major domo determines how much water each farmer can use and how many days he must work on the Gitch. AMalfy, sorghum, clover and corn are the leading forage plant Peanuts do well. Sugar beets grow too I and are not good for sugar. Bassano stoc beets stand up out of the ground. Spring wheat Is of poor quality, Sonora wheat took first premfum at the World's fair. Wheat, rye, oats, barley and beans are threshed on the ground by chasing goats, cattle or horses around over the gratn, The wind then blows the light straw away. About 80 per cent of the Inhabitants of Las Cruces and the other cities in New Mex- ico are Mexicans. Thelr habits in many respects are very> different from those of rorthern people. They dig for wood, climb for water and call corn mice (maize). They dig the mesquite roots for fuel and place the water on the house tops to coal. The Mesilla valley, south of Las Cruces, is seventeen miles Jong and two miles wide. Cherries, berries and other small fruits are usually taken by the birds. Canalgre, a tanning There are factorles s0 for extracting the tanning from this plant. In the custom house at Cludad Juarcs I was treated with marked courtesy, The secretary promptly opened the annual rainfall for twenty years bas averaged seven Inches. The land requires about three Irrigations each yvar, The raln and bet safe and showed $40,000 in silver, the custom receipts for fiftesn days. Seven carloads of 00ds were &tandiog by tbe large wareroom. | WIDELITY TRUST COMPANY, Mortgage Loans. WYCKOFF, TBEAMQNE &d SBEIFIEDICT. ewriters and Supplies. B LAWK “CEMETERY "ABSOCIA- AMERICAN WATERWORKS COMPANY. UNION TELEGRAPH OF- i ‘The Bee DIRECTORY OF OCCUPANTS. BASEMENT FLOOR. Fred THR Palace Office Building INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LIGHTY PERFECT VENTILATION NIGHT AND DAY ELEYATOR SERYICY Building. H. W. COWDUROY, Buffet, R. E. CAMPBELL, ‘Court Rotunda, Clgary and Tobacco, THE OMAHA LOAN AND BUILDING M. " Nattinger, Secre. ABSOCIATION, G. MUTUAL LOAN AND BUILDING ASSO- tary. CIATION, FLOOR. Y. W. CHRISTIAN ASSOCIA' gAglEgAa’ggé(mu BA'rgl OO ) P et Agent Fort Way 1Teor FLOOR. DR. CHARLES ROSEWATER, napector Fire Insuran EQUITABLE LIFK INSURANCE * BO: READ & BECKET, Attorn a " DURKINGTON, Attorney-at-| P . EKENBERG, iresco bal SRORURX Y DR AL K. DRETWILLIR, Bllnter, DR. KINSLER, Nose and Throat. DR, KEOGH. THIRD FLOOR. - A R, Real Estato. EQUITY COURT, Room No, 6. :‘x’uéuwflls}rj‘:i; KY,] C;n‘()rfi‘clur. -{;g%r‘l, ’%. !"I_IA_KE Al-‘l, E x'«l;)b thr{lgor. . W. PA’ CK, Law ce. 1 ] o {"NITED STATHES LIFE INSURANCE CO. IA(oNh(;Er 2 H%Y OF NEW YORKA,shsd‘.nlE‘. nt, THE GRANT ASPHALT PAVING SLAGOLITHIC COMPANY, g AND PROVIDENT LIFE AND TRUST COM- IA:BI»“{, Philadelphia; A. Lansing, General FLOOR. A. L. TOWLT, Agent Southern Californim improvement’ Company. OMAHA COAL EXCHANGE. DBLXTER 1. THOMAS, 1C R L. THO) Real Estate DR. EMMA'J. DAVIES, Homeopath. PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO HARRIS TITLE AND INDEM CO. A. M. HOPKINS, 'Court Stenog 6 CHARLES L. THOMAS, Real WASHINGTON LIFE INSUR. PANY, New York, FIFTH FLOOR. ARMY HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE PLATTE. - SIXTH l FLOOR. BATES & SMITH, Mortgages and Loans, STATE MUTUAL LIFE INSURAN BREROITORIAL ROOSE" 2 Worcester, T Franic B Marugas 8EE SHNBORI Architect MARTRACHU Knne RS B rehitec 8 g § GovmRNMENTFRINTING orrice. | VASSOCIATION. & 2. oK . ‘OGGEN, Life Lnsurance. BEVENTII FLOOR. ROYAL ARCANUM LODGE ROOMA | | | the action ot 5,000 diffe Dr. G, GEE W0 Makes Special Prices for Next 30 Days. And GUARANTEES te cure every’ case funds the money: tarrh, Kidoey, Liver, Female and ~ Bladder Troubles, and all pri- | E g greal reputatio derful medicines, which is nature's pi nt yeurs' of practice and ¢ years of that time in Omaha has given him @ reputation backed by | thousands of festimonlals curlng EVERY CHAI- ACTER of disease. on free. Send 3. cent_stamp for book and question blanks DR, C. GEE WO, 16th st.. Omal NE CO., 519 N. CHINESE MEDIC! Neb. The men were busily engaged in wheeling the £oods from the cars to the scales, welghing that are went Into Mexico beyond the free and then rnlulmn.,“lhvm. The duty on goods belt, which Is abOut sixty miles wide, is 10 cents per 100 pounds. I st upon the scales and balanced 158 pounds, but bel unconsigned and unclaimed, no duty w vaid WILIAM REECE, B