Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, May 28, 1893, Page 20

RISE OF THE BRITISH GYPSY Has Not Entirely Forsaken the Road, but is Becoming a Man of Affairs, SOME HAVE ACCUMULATED FORTUNES Glimpses of Modern Gypsy Life Sharp Contrast to the Romantle Existence of the Long Ago— Wake- man's Wander [Copyriyhted, 1893.) Loxnox, May 17.—[Correspondence of Tre Bee.|—The last quarter of a century has wrought a wonderful change for the better with a majority ot all British Gypsies who have been content to remain in their own land. In 1 while in England, I had means of knowing from personal observation that almost universal squa lor andwretched- ness was characteristic of Irish and English, and particularly of London Gypsies. No one can make of a Gypsy anything buc a Gypsy, but a generation of change here has effected & more marked advancement in a rugged sort of prosperity with this than with any other lowly class. It has not seized the Gypsy bodily and in a moment, or & year, or a decade, put fine clothing upon him and made him a man of affairs, but something, as with the destitute Italians who have landed upon American shores, who we directly find as hawker: willing laborers, restaurant keepers, news- boys, bootblacks, controllers of retail and wholesale fruit and nut trades, and on the high road to prosperity, because they are quick witted and willing to labor—the Brit- ish Gypsy has found along with old make- shifts for livelihood, many new though rude occupations and means of gotting on in the world, all after his own raind and heart. While the race characteristics of these folk will require many generations in which to undergo radical change, their conditions and environment are in the main entirely differ- ent from those in which Crabbe, Hoyland, Borrow aad Simson found them, and of which they wrote. Inother words, there is today little or nothing in book hterature altogether true of British Gypsies. Of the four standard authors named, Borrow was the most romantic, Simson the most inex- orably true. Yet both write of a time and a merripen or Gypsy life which, with few exceptions, has wholly passed away. These exceptions comprise the poorest English and Scottish Gypsies of today; some families in the north of England whose members have continued almost literally old form of wandering life by the roadside—the tinker- ing, the dickering, the dukkering or fortune- telling, ana often the tiny sales of imperfect delft and tinware, content with a ‘‘whum- meled” or upturned cart for a roof in sum- mer, and any sort of a_town tenement in winter; the tiny, straggling bands in Devon- shire and Cornwall, where there has been little change in all soc conditions for the past fifty years; the few remaining Gypsies of Perthshire, Aberdeenshire and the high- land districts of Scotland, and the Gypsies of Wales, where is found the most primitive and idyllic form of Gypsy life yet remaining in Britain. The Welsh gypsies rarely leave Wales. All Welsh people are fond of them, and they are almostas much an integral part of the concrete rural social structure as are the Welsh people themselve: The fact is that British Gypsie: our American Gypsies, hundreds of whom 1 could name who are worth from $20,000 to $100,000 in landed property, have, during the past quarter of a century, developed a re- markable ability for certain lowly kinds of trade. These have been a mnatural out- growth, in most instances, of the petty way- side dickering of less fortunate times, but they are still pursuits requiring the exer- cise of good thrift and judgment and of a genuine probity that makt the Gypsy middleman welcome, both where occasional credit is necessary and among his country- side customers. in the main they are van- dwiellers in the summer time, as with us, traveling certain well-defined ' routes and purveying in villages and even in the out- skirts of towns and cities, articles whose annual aggregate value amount toa stu- pendous sum, Their cavalcades at the outset may com- prise one or more vans. These are, briefly describea, tiny houses upon wheels| They are drawn by donkeys or often by broken down city trum horses, which the gypsies gev in.the cities for a song and which with care are finally transformed into excellent cattle. Following these may be three or four, or ahalf dozen, little donkey carts, after the fashion of the cos.crmongers’ city carts, These will hold the real resources of the band. An examination of the latter would reveal almost enough material in quantity, certainly enough in variety, to stock a little country store This stock in trade has not been picked un atrandom. In the London Whitechapel dis. trict-there arve great storehouses of “I'ray- eler's Goods.” Their owuer who 1 find include wealthy Gypsies, could not continue in business without the Gypsies' trade. The goods hanaled are somewhat similar to our American “bargain counter” odds and ends, especially in tinware, and metal goods, hard ware, crockery, cheap oileloths and house hold knicknacks, with the coarsest beads and gilded jewelry. It would be a revela- tion to ordinary English tradesmen to real- ize the enormous quantities of stuff annually disposed of in this manner throughout Eng- land, Scotland and Wales, and the integrity of these Gypsy waunderers where the; and receive credit for their supplies, often do, Smaller “Travelers' GGoods” stores may be found near the Bull Ring in Birming- ham, where carts may be refilled in the lazy journeyings; but small shipments from time o time are forwarded by rail from London. I have friends in the fruit and nut trade in the Drury Lane quarter of London who have supplicd Gypsies in all parts of the provinces for the past twenty years. Half of this trade is done on credit, and the fruiterers all inform me they have mnever lost B penuy at the hands of their thou- sands of Gypsy small customers. All these goods, fruits and nuts are hawked in little villages and sold at fawrs and on market m‘l. Indeed the English country fair of ay would lose all its picturesqueness and most of its attractions for younger people were the petty Gypsy booth aud Gypsy show- men withdrawn, About the middle of the century, when the British Rural Police Act, which was directed Bgainst Gypsies ana all wandering folk of the road, came in force, we find Borrow la- menting that the “Gypsy had nowhere to lay his head.” The oppressive measure undoubi- edly sent America 50,000 English Gypsies within a period of ten ;. Indeed it al- most extirpated ( om in Great Britain, But the coming Gypsy soon saw & way 1o mend his fortunes. He took out a license to become # traveling merchant. *Two and six-pence” gives him this right for the period of one year. He could still remain Gypsy in every other particular. Insensibly and by degrees he actually became the fellow whose vocation he originally assumed in order to merely exist, There gradually followed a system among the wanderers of providing “Gypsy ground” on which to camp in safety from the raids of the mounted constabulary. iypsies here and there who got & footing and could be trusted bought or leased bits of waste land, unused lanes, idle tracts at the outskirts of cities and towns, or camping rights in roomy old stable yards., These are i turn sublet to arviving pilgrims at from 1 shilling down to a penny aday. And thus, with Gyps, travelers who really have something besides “black arts" to sell, one can travel from Land’s End to Johu O'Groat's house, or London to Oban, return, and never upon the road by day, or underneath the tent or the van roof and the stars at night, be out- side the comforting protection of watehful British law. But the British Gypsy is something more than a “vagrom” trader. His kind are en croaching upon, or making for themselves, many other profitable pursuits and vocations, L have always held that in this would be found the real evolution of the Gypsy; and that in just the degree he became like other men—not in relgion, because you can no moro reach a Gypsy with Christian mis- ionary schemes than you . can se- cure an expression of belief from Bby other form of Agunostic—in voca- tion and the betterment to bimself and family in waterial living, in like degree s well as THE_OMAHA- DAILY BEE: SUN would the so-called “black arta” of Gypsy- dom disappear. Ihave from time to time shown this to be true among American Gypsies, 1t is gratifying to find it true among British Gypsies, 1 do not regard thom as having chosén the most elegant of vocations; nor as a class can they be said to sustain enviable relations to society. But they are doing something: making money; finding themselves possessed of inherent in- dustrial power; and their acquisition and possession of means are making them a bet- ter race of men. In one of the large London (3oods" concerns provious Iargest shareholder is a Gypsy who is re- puted to be worth £5.000, 1 know of many shooting galleries in London conducted by Gypsies. They are not only successful with these, but, in associative form, just as they are beginning to own most of the monce making Punch and Judy shows of the me- tropolis, control many like leges at noted places of holiday resort, near London, from which unusual profit is derived. One of the most thriving vegetable boothm of Covent Garden market is a Gypsy, who is in great favor with and is brought much trade by the countless costers of tho neighbor- hood. Near the Royal Albert docks is a public house owned and conducted by a Gypsy, and this property is worth more than £2,000. Precisely as in some of the leading Ameri- can cities, where important horse sales- stab.es are owned by Gypsies who are thought to be of another race, I found in London and its environs thirty-one similar establishments wholly controlled by Gypsies. They are credited with an ext amount of trade, not only in hors donkeys, Shetland and Cushendal ponies and goats, Commission dealings are unknown. Every transaction is made for cash, and in two of these places the leasehold, fittings and stock of animals always on hand must «quire the possession of & capital of from 000 to £10,000. An odd and profitable business in London is that of purveyor of carts and donkeys to the costermongers. There are thousands upon thousands of these costers in the metropolis, Many are not inprovi- dent. To start in business requires a hand- barrow or cart, and a coster of recognized standing must possess both cart and donkey. There are many where from fifty to 500 carts are hired out by the da month, and where costers may pur rows, carts and donkeys on the part ment plan. Those controlling this of business are suia to secure a profit of 500 10 1,000 per cent. They are usually graduate costers; but three of those engaged in the traftic I know to be Gypsies, who are becom- g very rich. They are supposed to be re- tired costel with whom London Gypsies have many points of comm m resemblance, character and interest The most surprising discovery of this sort I ever made in London was in the acquaint- ance of a dramatic agent, near the corner of York and Waterloo roads, on the Surry side, while making inquiries regarding the haunts and ways of London music hall per- formers, among the many agents of this vicinity, The man is one of the richest and most powerful of this numerous tribe. Those who daily deal with him believe him to be a Hebrew; but I had indubitable evi- dence, aside from his own admit n, that this man, whom hundreds of the “prossers” fawned upon and feared for his favor and influence in ‘‘bouking” thewr [London and provincial music hall engagements, was none other than one of the outcast Romuan) race. He had in former times been ‘‘on the road” with “‘vagrom" traveling shows, some of which he still controls, and had, gradu- ally and without attracting attention to his early Gypsy associations, become a leading dramatic agent in this famous ‘‘Voverty Junction” region. I know in Edinburg, Glasgow, Liverpool, Manchester, Bristol, Plymouth and London of many Gypsies who are chimney sweeps and who, by hiring others and do- ing ‘“contract” work, have secured in- dependence and comfort. At Brighton, Southport, Scarborough and other important English seaside resorts are hundreds of don- keys upon which “outers” andall children are given bone breaking riders along the beaches. Nearly all the owners of these are Gy psies, some of whom not only have respec- table pank accounts but also own town properties. In and about Nuneaton and Coventry are many Gypsy property owiers A few are farmers, but most own propertics at the outskirts of these cities, such as places for stabling, sales stables and old inns which still have att ion for the farmers, and make dickering in horses and other live stock possible and proficable. Probably the richest of all British Gypsies, one Smith, lives at Nuneaton. He owns nearly all the houses and lands in one entire street, has derable sums loaned to specu- sling Gypsies, and is also the owner of bank stock_and blocks of shares in the London & Northwestern ilw: Altogether his holdings are computed to ex- ceed $250,000. On one occasion while visiting the old ca- thearal city of Gloucester, Eng., and wan- dering in St. Catherine's street where the Sunday school w first established by Rob- ert Raikes, T came, at the head of the street, to a litle old inn much frequented by farmers. I entered and sat down to rest A half dozen country folk were just closing some sort of commercial transaction, and one of the men had counted out £200 in gold sovereigns. He took a receipt and shortly left. Iasked the barmaid if that was not an odd place for so much money, and she plied that it was not, for *‘Oilcloth Dick and such as he frequented the place; and “Gypsies seemed 1o ve all the ready money in England these day “His van is Jjust over there.” she added, “and 1t's worth seeiug.” Repairing to the lane indicated I found *‘Oilcloth D his van, and some half dozen Gypsy families. The latter had for yeurs peddled oilcloth, which they se- curo from Yorksh: , throughout England, Scotland and Wales. They are several hundred in number. Their vans beautiful specimens of the wagonmake art; and all the are practi traveling merch means and long established trade. In no city in the world can draught horses than in Live floats or four-wheeled truck ries,” their drivers ‘“lorrymen,” huge horses which, two pull from four to six tons of cotton or iron over the streets with dignitied ease, e consequently lorry cattle, They are chic bred in Wales, Lancashire and Clydesdale, Scotland.” Huving been much among these lorrymen and their “nippers” or apprentice helpers, I soon discovered that the trade in these valuable horses was uot aitogether confined to English ho dealers, Two ypsies purchase Scottish and Lancaskire s for the Liverpool, Birmingham and nchester markets, and one Gypsy is the largest trader from Wale: 1t is not seldom that these Rom horse merchants have from ,000 invested in single ship- ments, and, very different than with their Gorgio or Gentile brethren, every penny of these amounts is their own and not borrowed money. These instances could be, from per- sonal knowledge, indefinitely multiplied. There is but one conclusion from them. The “Gypsy question” on this side of the ocean will s00n cease to occupy the attention of even the missionaries ; for the British gypsy is becoming a British business man, even though as yet in a small way; and in cant ness und thrift iv trade and economy anliv- ing no humanibeing can surpass this outeast Romany race. EDGAR L. WAKEMAN, — THE ERBATIC MUSE, “Traveling referred to the nts of | e found finer rpool lled ¢ and _the nd three tandem, Truth, ane sat alone with her beau M hours, with the gas turned down eau. When he said he must geau, 1t affected her seau That she wept and exclaimed; “Eau neay, neau!” o'y Life. She frowned on him and called him Mr,, Because 1n fun he'd merely Kr., And then, in spite, The following nite, This naughty Mr. Kr. Sr. —_— There lives a man in Webster county, West Virginia, by the name of Whorton, aged 80 years, whose hair and beard are turning from white to black. He is said also to be cutting a new set of teeth. Hisap- pearance is said to indicate a man of about 40 years instead of one nearly 90, ———— The “No. §” Wheeler & Wilson is the only lock-stitch machine made that will maintain an even and perfect stiteh at different speeds. Sold by Geo. W. Lancaster & Co., b14 8. 10th street, o — The first record taken by American as- trounomers of an eclipse was on Long Island ou October 27, 1750, HARNESSING A MIGHTY POWER The Gigantic Work of Utilising Some of Niagara's Energy. SUPREMACY OF STEAM UNDERMINED An Indastrial Revolutlon Promised the Citles of Western New York—Description of the Great Enterprise, the Quan. tity of Power and the Cost. The development of water power at Kear- ney and Gothenburg, Neb., ‘and the power canals projected by Hastings and Omaha capitalists lei a local ana special Interest to a description of a similar enterprise, but on a gigantic scale, at Niagara Falls, Hitherto the utilization ~ of = water power has been ineagre and localized. The cost and lossQin transmission to a distance were unsurmountable barriers to general use. The limitless energy runaing to waste could not be con- centrated or made effective beyond its im- mediate vicinity el where the power was sufticient for a city of a quarter of a million people it became a monopoly of the few first comers. As an illustration the Falls of St. Anthony may be cited. That or power is ample for all the industrial needs of Minneapolis, yet a very small fraction of it ed, for the reason that all industries requiring power cannot be located so as to cheaply and effectively , use it. The first cost of inlets and outlets and the necessary land therefor put water power at a discount as an industrial factor. Even where nature created vast power, the exacting demands of competition distance from source of supply of raw material and lack of shipping facilities, combined to prevent its utilization. The advent of electricity as a factor in in- dustrial life has revolutionized the possibili- ties of water power. The energy heretofore lost may now be concentrated and trans- mitted not only to every workshop in the immediate vicinity, but to points remote from the central station. The question of distance resol itseif into one of cheapness of production, so to overcome the per cent of loss in long distance transmission. Mammoth Power. During a recent visit to Niagara Falis the writer examined with much care the great enterprise by which a comparatively small part of the energy of the outlet of the lakes 18 to be harnessed. The project 18 a mam- mothone. In conception and daring, in ex- tent and cost, it is without precedent in its class, and is backed by many of the most ous financiers m Americ The con- trolling company is a triple-wheeled one. gara Falls Power company is the parent, with a land syndicate and a power aistributing company as offspring. The parent company was formed in 1856, com. posed mainly of New York bankers having boundless means and credit. Several years were consumed in_preparation of plans, pro- curing title to land and other preliminaries, including state legislation. The practical part of the work were three distinet under- takings—the tunnel to carry off the waste r, the inlet canal and locks which con trol the flow of water and the pits for the turbines. The tunnel was cut through rock under the center of the city of Niagara. It isa mile and a quarter long, twenty-one feet high and nincteen feet wide and 200 feet below the surface of the city Drilling through the rock was a tedious task. The rock was of a peeuliar, gritty nature, breaking when blasted in irregular shapes, and ap- parently hard enough to form tha tunnel roof and walls without masonry. When ex- posed to the air the rock soon crumbled to dust, 'This necessitated bricking the tunnel throughout, 14,000,000 brick being required for the work. To expedite the work three shafts, equi-distant, were sunk to the tunnel level, and through these 260,000 tons of rock were removed. The rock proved useful and profitable. It was dumped into the shallow shore of the river and added twenty acres of made ground to the company’s 1,300 acres already acquired. ‘The main inlet canal is about half a mile above the rapids to the falls. [t is 230 feet wide at the mouth, 1,500 feet long and is 12 feet deep at extreme low water. 1t is lined with heavy stone walls, has twenty-two openings or sluice gates, each capable of ad- mitting to the turbine pits power equal to 5,000-horse. At present the mouth of the canal is closed with a coffer dam. Midway in the canal is another dam. The former is to be opened shortly to furmish power to a new paper mill, whilo the latter will remain closed until the wheel pits are completed and the turbines in place. The main wheel pit is a gigantic hole in the ground. It is 140 feet long, 18 feet wide and when completed will be 180, feet deep. One corner of the hole is open to the tunnel. The remainder is opened 100 feet and is being sunk at the rate of two feet a day The men working at the bottom look like pigmies, They are enveloped with rubber clothing as a partial protection from the streams of water pouring on them from the surrounding rocks. This water, it is claimed, does not come from the river, but from the back hills of Canada, and is siphoned under the river, As mof strong sulphur water was encountered ata depth of sixty feet When the pit is sunk to the proper depth masonry is to be put in to check the flow of water. Dificulties Overcome, The problems of tunneling, of pit drilling and canal building presented insigni dimiculties compared with that of effectively harnessing the powe The development of such enormous hydraul was en- tirely new. Turbines of ize and strength to utilize the energy of a head or fall of nearly 200 feet had not been manu- tactured. Two thousand-horse power tur- bines were the largest known. After a thorough examination of all methods of util- izing o fall of water in this country and Furope, double turbines of 5,000-horse power were determined on. Designs were prepared by Swiss engineers and the coutract for building the turbines awarded to a Philadel- phia firm. . Three of these turbines will be placed in the pit of the central power station now y will “be mounted on verticul shafts and placed at a depth of 141 feet. With a head of 130 feet 250 revo- lutions per minute will be made. An nuto- ic device will regulate the flow of water. By means of an ingenious arrangement the water which operates the turbines will also serve to lift the shaft and relieve the bear- ings of undue friction, The shafts extend t the surface of the ground and on the top of these the dynamos wiil be mounted, The selection of dynamos of sufiicient ca- pacity required explorations “in untrodden fields, The difculty was ‘hot electrical, but wechanical, Over a score of plans for 5,000-horse power generators were consid- ered, and the type of wachine which will shortly generate the power may differ raai- cally trom that now believed to be the best. Limitless Energy, The amount of power available at Niagara Falls is stupendous, Looking at the cataract from either the American or Canadian side one cannot comprehend the enormous weight of water that rolls majestically over the ledge of rock and envelopes itself In a cloud of vavor, Kminent engineers assert that the falls is the most gigantic engine i the world, capable of developing 4,500,000-horse power. T'o put it in another light: It takes five pounds of coal 1o generate 1-horse power foran hour. The water power of the falls is equivalent to 15,000,000 tons of coal per annum, The plans of the Niagara Falls Power com- pany contemplate developiug 110,000-horse power at present. Thirty-thousand-horse power, exclusive of the independent power for the new paper mill will be ready for mar- ket this year. The company controls two and a half miles of water front on the American side aud coutrols the right for similar power development on the Canaaian side. It is expected that within five years the company will develop on both sides of the river 450,000-horse power, provided, how- ever, that the demand calls for it, Cowparative Cost. The cost of the power is an important con- sideration. Two contracts for power have been made which furnish a basis of calculu- tion, The Niagara Paper company's new will, located near the inlet canal contracts for 8,000-horse power at $24,000 per year, or # per horse power. Assuming that the cost of the power delivered in Buffalo DAY, MAY 28, 1893-~TWENTY PAGES twenty-two milesmway, will bo double that ot its source, the ving over steam will be sufficient to foree the latter power to the wall. The expensaof steam power in that locality ranges from 25 to $40 per horse per annum for a ten-howr day. 1t will bo seen the economy of electriity over steam will gradu. ally bring it into wwiversal use in the favored cities, not only for manufacturing purposes but for light und heat. The figures of cost do not take into' account the increment which distributing companies will exact, or the interest on mflated capital. a species of evil ingeparable fram great public corpora- tions, Long Distasce Tranamission, Great as is the power available at the falls, the markotfor it is_equally limitless, The total power now employed in Buffalo is estimated at 45,000 horse. If Niagara Falls supplies this amount and in addition a suf- cient amount for heat and light, it would re- quire less than one-fourth of the amount the company contemplates developing, Roches- ter is negotiating for power. Other towns and cities adjacent will doubtless become patrons. Indeed, there is, in the opinion of electrical engineers, no grave obstacle to the transmission of the power to New York on the east and Chicago on the west. Nicola Tesla says the ‘distribution of electrical energy with something like 100,000 volts, and even more, becomes, at least with high ' fro- quencies, $0 easy that they could hardly be called engineering feats. With oil insulation and alternate current motors, transmission of power can be effected with safety and upon an industrial basis at distances as much as 1,000 miles.” The Favored Citles. Buffalo and Niagara Falls will, of course, be the chief beneticiaries of the approaching industrial revolution. The power company controls a large area of land at the falls Here it will, as a matter of self-interest, eu- courage the establishment of factories and the erection of homes for workingmen. But Niagara Falls is destined to become & part of Buffalo. The lutter is growing at a pace that would astonish a western boomer. 1f the city should absorb all the territory trom Hamburg on the southwest to Niagara Falls on the northeast, it would have a water frontage of thirty odd miles, a stretch of iake and river about equal to Chicago’s pres- ent lake front, It was but recently the residents of Buffalo and Niagara Falls realized the magnitude ot the work in - progress at the falls. Skeptics frowne on its possibil- ities and hooted its protentions. But the sa- gucious and farseeing, appreciating the mar- velous expansion of electrical power, pinned their faith to real estate and left the future to do the rest. In the vicinity of Niagara Falls farm property which a few yeavs ago was a drug on the market at £100° an acre now readily brings $1,000. Choice business lots on the main street of the city sell at $1,000 a front foot. And the tendency is steadily upward. Values in Buffalo have doubled and trebled. Building operations v city of equal size in the coun- ¢. Factorics are multiplymng, modern business blocks are rearing their ornate fronts where the unattractive stood. The modern progressive spirit has taken a fresh i the community and is strikingly well paved nd well kept streets, grand public buildings, churches and schools, and the well-to-do residence quarters that ave unequaled in beauty by any American city, \Washington alone ex- With un'indus trial power of mar- velous proportions at h threshold ana opening countless avenues of activity, there is no reason why Buffalo, with its 300,000 in- habitants today, may not equal if not sur- pass Chicago in a quarter of a century, and b:come the great inland eity of the union, T, J. B, ———— TALK OF THE YOUNGSTERS. Harper's Baz Bobbie was out driving with his father, and had hold of the reins. He had been told not to whip the horse, but persisted in doing it, until papa, finding threats useless, took the reins from his hands, Now don’t you think it would have been better for you to obey me at once!” Bobbie was dumb. SDIL tell you a story,” said papa. ““There was once a boy who climbed up into an apple tree to steal apples. . 'T'he farmer came along and told the boy to gev down from the tree. But the boy paid no attention. Then the farmer threw grass at the boy. But the boy aid not mind that. Then the farmer threw apples at the boy, but even they did not bring him down from. the tree. . So finally the farmer took some stoues and threw ut him, and the boy came down the treein short order. **Now don’t you think," said Bobbie's papa, it would have been better for the boy to come down when first spoken to?”" *'No,” surd Bobbie, with all the audacity of a 5-year-old; “he had tme to eat more apples.” * *e “Mamma, does the "dictionary have all the rds in it Yes, dear.” *All the words there is?” “Yes, ull there are.” “An’ what they mean?” “Yes."” *Can [ look in the dictionary, mamma?” Yes, yes, and keep still while mamma talks with Dr. Antibrigues.” Johnny disappeared into the library and was aw enty minutes. When he came back he wore a look of deep disappointment, and struggled with the weight of Webster's unabridged. T eun't tind 1t, mamma,” he observed with a frown. What is it you v quired the good dc “SWhat papa said when I b was the innocent b wnt to find, Johnuny?" in- oke his shaving suggestive re- /’» Harper's Drawer:* Ihere is, as a rule, nothing more lofty than tl ambition of a boy of 5 who has looked carefully over the whole range of human endeavor and made up his mind what he is going to be. A lad of that observant age known to all of hus kind 4s *'goin’ on six” was asked the other day if he expected to become a lawyer like his fathe 0N, no, said he with a positive shake of his head. “I'm going to be a captain of a big ship, and Pl sail out west and bombard the Iudiaus on the plains.” e Aunty—What became of the kitten you had when I was here before? Little Niece (in surprise)—Why, don't you know " I i oned " No, aunt.” “Drowned " “Oh, no.” 't heard a word, Was she pois- ndeed.” “Hurt in any way?? s Well, 1 can't guess, What became of hy il he growed into a cat.” Little Boy—Paps, may I study Proua Papa—Indeéed you may, my boy, if you wish. You desire to'become a great ora- tor, don't you! s, that's it,” “And some day, perhaps, have your voice ringing through the halls of congress?” I shouldn’t care for that. I want to be an after dinner speaker.” Al you are anxjous for social distinction, then?” No, I want the dinners.” —_— Texas has a man who recently lost a fine 1 his stock ata game of poker, and the man regards the loss as a perfectly legitimate one. Unlike the Dulch Process No Alkalies —OR e : ther Chemicals are used in the Ppreparation of W. BAKER & CO.8 BreakfastCocoa which s absolutely Pure and solub Ithias morethan three times the strength of Cocon mixed With Btarch, Arrowroot or - Bugar aud is far wore eco- vomical, costing 1éss than one cent a cup. It is delicious, nourishing, and BASILY DIGESTED, — 8old by Grocers everywhers. ‘W, BAEER & CO,, Doxchester, Mass COMING BACK TO OMAHA, Monday, June . RINGLING BROS’ World's Greatest Show And Beyond allicomparlson the Largest and Grandest Exhibition on Earth, Bigger and Better Than ever! One-third larger Than last year. Creat Features Augmented a hundredfold Last season more than Equal to the best. This year , Creater than the Createst. More and better stock. Larger and Rarer Zoological display. “The Best Not too good For the public,” Still the Unchangeable motto. Honest Methods. No Fakers, REAL ROMAN HIPPODROME. 3-Ring Circus, Elevated Stages, Millionaire Menage Royal Aquarium, Mammoth Museum cf Marvels ani Trained Animal Exposit cn. Spectacular Equine Carniv 100--FINE BRED IMPORTED HORSES- In a Grand Ballet Militant, embracing Amazing Terpsichorean Divertisements, Colossal . Ing Pyramids and Picturosque Tableaux Vivants, Grand Ethnologle. Zoologle, Arenic and Equine Conzre: Si Hassan Ben Ali’s Troupe of Arg, LARGEST LIVING GIRAFFE. Yaml b s - o b LD T [P The World’s Champion So: sault Rider, CHAS. W. FIS No Misrepresentation. A CreatShow, Worthy of a Creat City and a Discriminating People. RENO. SISTERS | Europe's Premier Equestricnnes, MIKADO'S TROUPE OF ROYAL JAPANESE Monster Bi-Horned ¢ Prince Chald Long Maned Percheron Stallion, ture of the Grand Horse Falr, wi h 1 ot Blooded St Hippopotamus: Two Herds of Performing phants: alr of 1 Two and Four-Ilorse Charlot Races: Jockey Races: Novel E Delightin: s, with Monkey “Drivers, and Othel Moscow’s Chiming Bells. Tho Proce a grounds tion. Te horses. Crownlng Mamt Golden Steam GCailis 9ck on the morning of tho o Huudreds of gally cuparis esslon leaves the show grounds promptiy s nds of musle, Scores of sun bright ¢ No postponement on account of the weathor. EXHIBITION GROUNDS, 20th AND PAUL STREETS. Two Performances only, Afternoon atv 2; Night at 8. Theater drug store, : Wayne, June 6; St. Hastings, Neb., June 2; York, June Doors open one hour earlier. Reserved seat sale show day at Fary dth and Farnam St Special Excursion Rates on all railroads. oux City, Lowa, June7. BEWARE OF THE FAIR Don’t Go to Chicago or Any Other Place This Summer Without Fir Having Your Teeth Put in Good Condition As any change of climatemay bring on neu- ralgia, caused by a decayed tooth, and thus your visit and pleasure would be ruined. Visit your dentist, if you huve one, i((uut, call on DR. R. W. BAILEY, PAXTON BLOC and let him put your mouth in perfect con- dition. Those who have roots and badly broken teeth that occasionally hurt at home will find that any change of climate is SURE to bring them trouble, Have such roof removed immediately and new teeth ete., pu right in so you will be getting accustomed to wouring thém before going away. To those who remain at home this isas essentinl invasion of CIIOL precaution our fi MOUTIL. st duty aution We are threatened with an RA this summer, and us a s to attend to our Cholera is much less liable to at tack one whose mouth is clean and healthy, than where such is not the case. decayed teoth filled. roots removed, for both wIrHour 1 now be done PAIN. Have those Have those ulcerating Tho latest and most approved process for filling teeth without pain, By moans of our wonderful local an we remove the without tho slightost pain, thetic worst kind of root or tooth TEETH EXTRACTED IN THE MORNING AND NEW ES INSERTED THE SAME DAY. A FULL SET On Good Rubber for Teeth Without Plates. DR. R. W. BAILEY sy A @ GUARANTH All the Latest Inventions in the way of Dental Appliances. Office--3rd Floor Paxton Bloc 16th and Farnam Streets, Entrance $6th Street Side. Telephone 1085: ATRONL Home purchasing goods made at the following Nebras B ¥actor1'es. If you cannot find what you want, communicate w the manufacturers as to what dealers handle their goods. AWMNGS. | FURNITURE. Omaha Tent-Awning |Chas. Shiveric & Co COMPANY. Flags, hammocks, oll | Furniture, and rubl clothing. | draperles. tend for eatalogue. 1113 | Farnam at. rpets and 1208 Farnam st. FLOUR. 7S, F. Gilman. | Omaha Milling § 517 N. Iith at Omce and Mill, black, Manage: 1418 N. 16t et. PRINTING. Reed Job Printing WA ICE a5, oWA d ¢, — AL ¢ 0 sov™ Dealers tu Crystal Lake Ice. 1601 Furnam Stroet. Page Soap Cf BREWERS. Fred Krog Brewing | Omaha Brewing Assn COMPANY. d inet to auy of the olty. 1007 Jackson sh Guaranteed 10_equal outside brands. Vienns export boitled beer do- livered to families. FCOMPANY Teo hullding BYRUP. Farrell & Co, d molanses. Cor sroam. NPy PN aufacturers of Ug IRON WORKS. 116 Hickory | ludustrial Iron Works. o\ariog asd 19 f ull {H.t of T14 8. 14th Telopbone 1419, Paxton & Yierling IRON WOR ‘ Wrought and e 1 ullding work, englues, work, etc, o NTIBES oacr size M COMME IL.PAUY THE MERCANTILE CIGAR, BETTER THAN EVER Made of the finest quallty of Mavana Tobacro that can bo Yought, Equal y renpect ot vt bwzorted vgars, Manufuctared by ¥, R RICK MERCANTILE CIGAR FACTORY .