Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, May 28, 1893, Page 15

THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: OYAL LECION'S CONGRESS s Quadrennial Gathering Will Be Held in June, S ORGANIZATION AND ITS HISTORY 014 Letter of General Sherman’sa—A Now Trick In Naval Attacks Gettysburg Greed—General Townsend's Final Rest, The seventh quadrennial congress and peond general reunion of the Military rder of the Loyal Legion of the United tates will be held at St. Paul June 7 d 8. The congress and reunion com- hg logether and the nearness of St. aul to Chicago and the fair will gather erowd of companions, perhaps the rgest ever known in the history of the rder. The congress of the Loyal Legion is 0t connected with the national body of e order known as the commandery-in- hief. The congress is composed of a ody of delegates elected by the state mmanderies, three from each. The elegates alone have seats in the con- ross, and they have the power to revise e constitution, The national commandery-in-chief of e Loyal Legion meets annually. It is peoed of the present and past com- nders, senior and junior vice com- nders and the recorders of the sev- ral commanderies. The list of com- anderies and their membership is as ollows: Pennsylvania, 1,007; New York, ., 081 Maine, 141; Massachusetts, lifornia, 654; Wisconsin, 210; Illinois, 23: District of Columbia, 601: Ohio, 882; [Michigan, 266; Minnesota, 308; Oregon, 87; Missouri, 306; Nebraska, 155; Kansas, 1265: Iowa, 161; Colorado, 174; Indiana, Washington, 60; Vermont, 97, The last commander-in-chief General Rutherford B. Hayes. The acting commander-in-chief is the senior vice commander-in-chief, Admiral John Jay Almy. Admiral Almy has Ibeen on the naval list, active and re- tired, over sixty-four ye; His age is 19, He entered the service as midship- man at the age of 15, and has cruised the ide world over. General Walker and he Nicaragua filibusters surrendered n board of his ship in 1857, He was at the siego of Vera Cruz and the capture of Tuxpan in Mexico. During the civil war he commanded the gunboat Con- necticut and distinguished himself by running down and capturing four not ious blockade runners and destroying four others. The Military Order of the Loyal Le- gion was established in 1865. Lts funda- mental principles are a firm belief and trust in Almighty God and true alle- giance to the Urited States of Americ: The objects of ti e order, as expressed in its constitution and by-laws, are ‘‘to cherish the memories and associations of the war,” to strengthen the ties of fraternal fellowship, to extend relief to the widows and children of companions, the cultivation of military and naval ence, and to protect the rights and diberties of American citizenship and maintain natioral honor, union and inde- pendence. The membership is divided into three classes. In the first class are included officers who bore commissions during the war, enlisted men of the union army or navy since commissioned in the regu- “lar service, or who have become or may become aligible by inheritance; also the eldest direct male lineal descendants of deceased members of the first class and of officers not members, but who were eligible and died prior to December 31, 1892. If there are no direct male de- scendants, collateral branches may in- herit. The second class comprises the eldest gons of members of the first class who have attained their majority, and the third class gentlemen who in civil life were specially distinguished for loyalty. This class is limited to one to every y-three of the first class, and the ‘i/l.'l'l(nl of eligibility ciosed April 15, 1890, olunteer staff ofticers who served with- out commission are eligible as compan- ions at large. The first commander-in-chief of the order was General W. S. Hancock. He was elected in 1885 and was succeeded at his death in 1886 by General P, H. Sher- idan. Sheridan served untii his desth in 1888, and was succeeded by General R. 8. Hayes, who held the office until his death last January. A Mask of smoke, At Brest, during the past fortnight, says the London Times, some experi- ments have been made with an invention, patented by M. Oriolle of Nantes,for re fiering mr]mdob( ts invisible while at- cking. The object is sought to be at- ined by veiling the boats behind a creen of artificially created smoke. Jpon this important subject M. Au tin Normand, the eminent torpedo boat uilder of Havre, writes as follows in Le Yacht: “At the requost of M. Oriolle experi- ments have recently been made at Brest i the employment of smoke as a con- cealment from the enemy of the move- ments of torpedo boats. T beg for space in your excellent journal that I may say a fow words as to the consequences which may follow upon the discovery of 8 sure means of producing smoke or fog of sufficient umbllny and permanency. “Allow me, however, first to recall the fact that eight vearsago (‘Etude sur les Torpilleurs,” p 22) T wrote: ‘If we could succeed in producing in a practi- cal manner an artificial c‘foud, such as results from the use of existing heavy artiliery, and, as was particularly no- ticeable at the bombardment of "Alex- andria, we should enormously increase the valuc of torpedo boats possessed of speed groat enough to permit of them placing themselves to the windward of a squadron.’ “At that time my idea provoked smiles, Yet it has made progress. In 1890 an English officer undertook cer- tain experiments, which, however, were but moderately successful. A similar fate awaited some experiments of my ‘gwn at Havre; the smoke was not sufle eiently permanent, As to whether the practical difficulties have been: com- gloluly overcome at Brest [ am ignorant; ut it is probable that, if they have not wlready been overcome, they will be oVl me in the near future, and it is not now too early to consider the effects upon the tactics of tomorrow of the dis- covery. ‘Their importance cannot easily be exaggerated. “*According to an opinion which is pretty sgeneral daylight attacks upor wrge ships by torpedo boats alone offer no chance of success. The situation will be very different when wo succeed in wmaking our torpedo hoats invisible, for invisibility, which is the sole uality in which a submarine boat may be ex- pected to show superiority over an ordi- nary boat, is s0 great a desideratum that, in spite of the various difficulties in the way of the employment of sub- marine vessels, all the navies of the world have devoted attention to them. Itis impossible to deny that daylight attacks by torpedo boats which, in ordi- mary weather, shall bo capa of on- : .ne‘flnu their movements om the enemy, will have good chances of sue- pess. Kor night attacks the value of the was boats is already admitted, but it will be Iargely increased. Inncoessible to the rays of tho search light, they will be able to see without being seen. “‘Let it be noted, too, that this useful invention, if it be perfected, will not be utilized by the torpedo boats accompany- ing a squadron, is fact will reduce the importance of their work and will materially add to the difficulties of the defense. One probable consequence of the discovery will be the creation of a new type of torpedo boats. Without surrendering high speed, which in cer- tain special cases will always be valu- able, we must endeavor to give to the greater number of our sea-going tor- {wdo boats not only larger dimensions, but also the endurance, the strength, the navigability and the radius of ac- tion oi a hattlye cruiser. Habitability and preservation of speed in heavy weather will always be points in whic torpedo boats will betray inferiority, but these we must try to improve. Even if we reduce the stipulated speed to twenty knots the sacrifice will not be too great, 80 long as it enables the boats to get at their enemy, no matter at what distance he may ve.' " A Soldler's Sympathy, At the installation last week of the officers of Curran Pope camp, Sons of Veterans, the following letter of Gen- eral Sherman was read: Heanguartens, Mespms, Tenn., Nov. 10, 1802: Dear Madame—-1 know you will par- don me, afar off, if, at this your dread hour, Icome to bear my foeble show of honor to him whose name you bear and whose child will 1n after years look back upon as one of those heroes who labored and gave his life to his country, Well do I recall the soft and gentie voice of Curran Pope, the peculiar delicacy of his approach, the almost un- equaled courtesy of his manner, and the first faint doubt that one so_gentle, so mild, o beautiful in character, should be a warrior; but another look, and his eye, the plain, direct assertion of & high and holy purpose, with the pressure of his lips, told that he was a man, one to lead, one to go where dut{ called him, though the path lead througl the hail storm of battle. Among all the men Thave ever met in the progress of this un- natural war, I cannot recall one in whose every act and expression was so manifest the good and true man, and who so well filled the type of a Kentucky gentleman, He died not upon the battlefield, but of wounds inflicted by parricidal hands on Ken- tucky's soil, and h's blood is the cement that will evermore bind together the disjointed parts of a mighty ration. Though for a time smitten down by the terrible calamity, may you and vour child soon learn to look upon his name and fame as encircled by a halo of glory more beautiful than ever decked the victor's brow. Curran Pope is dead, but millions will battle on, till from his heay home he will see his own beloved Kentucky, the center of his great country, regenerated and disenthralled from the toils of wicked men. I fear that in trying to carry comfort to an afllicted heart 1 do it rudely, but I know you will permit me 1 my blunt way to bear ‘my feeble testimony to tho goodness, braveness and gallantry of the man who more nearly filled the picture of preux chevalier of this age than in any man 1 have yet met. 1 know you are in the midst of a host of triends, but should in the progress of years any oppor- tunity come by which I can be of servico to any of the family of Curran Pope, command me. With great respect, your obedient ser- vant, W. T, SHERMAN Major General Volunteers, Curran Pope was married to Matilda Prather, a daughter of John I. Jacob, by whom he was blessed with one daugh- ter, Mary Tylor Pope, who is pos of many accomplishments, great fore character and intellect, and of much beauty. She still lives in the home of her heroic father. She is the happy wife of Judge Alfred Thruston Pope, and the devoted mother of an interesting family., The Battle Is Over; Now Relgns Peace. Genoral Edward Townsend, for a num- ber of years adjutant general of the army, died a few days ago. He was born in Boston on August 22, 1817. His paternal grandfather, David, was a sur- geon in_the Massachusetts line during the revolution and his maternal grand- fath as Elbridge Gerry. His father, David S. Townsend, was an officer in the United States army. and lost a leg in the battle of Chrysler’s Field in the war of 1812, Edward was educated at Boston Latin school and Harvard, and was graduated at the United States military academy in 1837. He became second lieutenant in the Second artillery on July 1, 1837; was adjutant from 1838 to 1846. His advancement was as follows: Prowmoted first licutenant in 1838; assist- ant adjutant general with brevet rank as captain in 1846; captain in 1848, brevet major in 1852, lieutenant colonel on March 7, 1861; colonel on August 3, 1861, and adjutuant general with the rank of brigadier general on February 22, 1869, Me served during the Florida war in 1837 and 1838; on the northern frontier during the Canadian border disturb- ances from 1838 to 1841, and thencefor- word in the office of the adjutant gen- eral of the army and as chief of the staff of Lieutenant Colonel Scott in 1861, He was brevetted brigadier general of the United States army on September 24, 1864, “for meritorious and faithful serv- ice during the rebellion,” and major general on March 3, 1865, *for faithful, meritorious and distinguished services in the adjutant general's department during the rebellion.” He was retired from active service on June 15, 1880, During the civil war General Townsend was the principal officer of the War de- partment, and was, perhaps, brought nto more intimate and personal contact with President Lincoln and Secretary Stanton than any other military officer, As adjutant general of the army he originated the plan of a United States military prison, urged legislation on the subject_ ana established the prison at Fort Leavenworth, Kan, General Townsend was a member of the Society of Cincinnati, He was the author of *‘Catechism of the Bible—The Penta- teuch,” Puhlluhcd in New York in 1859; “*Catechism of the Bible—Judges and Kings,” published in 1862, and **Anec- dotes of the Civil War in the Umted States,” published in 1884, Mercennry Mutiintion of Gettysburg. “The authorities of Gettysburg and of the adjoining township of Cumberland are chargeable with one of the grossest pieces of vandalisn over committed by the natural gusrdians of a great public trust,” says the Philadelphia Press. “'Gettysburg enjoys all its importance to the world at large from the fact that it is the scene of one of the world’s greatest battles, The fame of what was done there attracts to it an unceasing stream of visitors, These desire to realize the battle by a study of the field and do honor to the memory of the dead, They naturally expect to see the field without incongruous additions and un- marred by alterations and defacements, “The northern ,states which had troops engaged in that battle have appropriated $863,000 for the erection ul monuments, and a large sum has been contributed to the same object by organizations and individuals, The people of Gottysburg have not spent this money, but they have profited by it and by the incidental business which the influx of visitors brings to the town. It ought to have been their instinct, as it was their interest, to preserve the battleficld as nearly as ssible as it was in July, 1863, Superficial changes could be pardoned, but to allow the alteration of the face of the field and a radical ehange in its mnugruphy is as unpatriotic as it is unintelligent,” “The electric railroad which is now building from Gettysburg to Little Round Top has been graded across the famous Peach Orchard, round to the Devil's Den and through the Valley of e of Death, The Gettysburg Sta¥’ and Sen- tinel gives the Iatest data concerning this criminal mutilation: ‘All along the line, in the vicinity of Devil's Den, there is heavy blasting and digging -mi filling, and great havoo is played with the face of the landscape. hu o masses of rock are displaced, great boulders are moved, the valley is to be filled the width and height of a track from the bridge over Plum Run in front of Round Top to the north end of the valley, and a wholly new appearance will be given to that famous field of car- ““T'his is a national ca mity and,what is worse, it eannot noy be undone. Gettysburg battlefield may be and ought to be made a national park and pre- served from further desecration at the hands of barbarians, but the mischief already done is irreparable. Says the Star and Sentinel: ‘Truth extorts the confession that the field as fought over is gone and can snever be restored. . Its pristine beauty is lost forever. Greed has spoiled it beyond the power of recovery. For this our community through its representatives will be held responsible at the var of public opinion. They held the huttlnfiel(\ in trust for posterity and have betrayed it to persons in whose eyes it has no sacredness.’ A *It is too late to prevent this mischief, but it is not too late to prevent a repeti- tion of it. While great injury has been done, much more is possible if greed is suffered to hold sway and the rule of the vandals is unrestricted. One of the first tasks of congress at its next session should be to make the whole Gettysburg battlefield a national park. It isa sad misfortune that it was not done years go.” Fighting Swolls Versus the Common Soldier “Is he who is ordinarily called a gen- tleman, that is, a member of the pro- fessions or a son of wenmlfi parents, a better fighter than the mechanic or the stevedore, and vice versa?’ repeated a veteran when asked the question by a Washington Post man. “KFor my own part I think that there is little to choose tween them. 1 served four years in the civil war, upon the losing side, of dourse, and had ample opportunity to judge. T remember very well serving alongside a battery known as the Wash- ington Light Artillery of New Orleans. They were all young, belonged to the first families and their company had been in being for a hundred years. These young gentlemen went into action in swallowtails and served the guns with hands clad in white kid gloves. Of course, the gloves were torn to shreds long before the éay wasover. Of course, it was a picce of boyish bravado, and equally of course they got bravely over such nonsense in a month or two. Some of them were glad to borrow a shirt or a pair of odd shoes before Appomattox came, but men never fought better. The hotter the corner the more they seemed to like it. and they were the best drilled cannoneers 1 ever saw. Per con- tra, a company left Charleston which was made up of men who worked along the wharves and in the holds of ships. ‘When d ed for feminine conquest they wore red flannel shirts with paper collars, bobtailed coats and black ‘doe- skin' trousers cut in the old ‘ker fash- ion,’ bulgy at the knee and very small at the bottom. They chewed tobacco and spat recklessly, swore with fluency, and I'do not suppose there was a manicure set or a tooth brush in the outfit. The dress coated gentlemen had nothing the advantage of them in charge or awaiting a charge. They fought simply like devils. 1have known them to lie flat on the ground for hours under a plunging fire and sing ribald- songs which -if printed would be distinctly unmailable matter. Some of them were foreigners with little interest in America or little care for what tney were fighting, One of them, I remember, was an Algerian who possessed scarcely a half-dozen words of English. It does not do to generalize in favor of one class or the other. Experience teaches me.that in the cauldron of battle men rise or sink to a common lovel. The blacksmith stands fire ahout as well as any slender limbed youngling of the ‘upper circles.'" Supposed to Have Been Roasted. The Sheridan, Wyo., Enterprise tells of a reunion between B. F. Grouard and his son Frank Grouard, the famous scout of the northern country. They had not seen each other for thirty-five years. It appears that during the Sibley cam paign against the Sioux in 1876 Frank Grouard was reported in all the leading papers to have been caught and tortured by the red men, and the elder Grouard, convinced that the report was true, mourned his son as dead. About a month ago the father’s attention was at- tracted by a newspaper account of a book being prepared on the *‘Life and Adventures of Frank Grouard.” He knew that this person must be his son and, communicating with the War de' partment, he learned that his boy was alive and well at Fort McKinney. Tele- grams were at once exchanged and the™ father left to visit his long lost son, The Champion Peuslon Kecord, There is a woman in Seattle, Wash., who:e first husband was a revolutionary soldier, whose second husband was a hero of the war of 1812, and whose charming widowhood is attracting the affections of a man who fought in the Mexican unpleasantness. If this mateh be made and her third husband be called to the great majority, all the lawyers in Washington couldn't figure out her legal status on the pension roil, e ALL AFRAID TO TOUCH IT. Tin Box the Innocent Cause of a Great Commotion, An incident tending to show the truth of the saying, “Conscience makes cow- ards of us all” (who have any) happened in an office back on Third street, Port- land, Ore., the other Sunday morning, A man who has an office in the building went down to it about 9 o’clock and found a queer-looking tin box reclining against the door. Just what piece of wickedness this man has been guilty of is not known to the Oregonian, but it was evident he had veen doing something that lay heav- ily on his conscience, for he at once conceived the idea that the box was an infernal machine, placed there for his destruction. Afraid to touch it, let alone to open it, he was staring at it when another person came up. When the latter found out what the scare was he scouted the idea of dynamite and started to kick the box down the hall, but the frightened man grabbed him and Vullcd him back, tell- ing him he might blow up the building, Then, he too, began to be scared and was afraid to pick up the box. Ina few min- utes six or seven persons had gathered around, but noone of them cared to med- dle with the box, though each seemed willing that any of the others should examive it. Presently the janitor, who had taken advantage of the quiet of Sun- day morning to do some cleaning up in the building, came along, and h¢ was di- rected to take away the box. As he icked it up the crowd scattered, and as he marched off with it one of the men asked him to see what was in it. On being opened the box was seen to be full of keys to the different rooms, used by the janitor, who was much astonished at the interest evinced in his old tin box. It will now be in order for the original discoverer of the box to explain why he imagined any one wished to blow him up with dynamite, LEAST Tho Youngest in thec@istorhood of States Oharms ano or, THE LAST BUEE NOT Tom ot THE PENNSYLVANIA OQF,THE GREAT WEST A WBreexy Sketch of ,“‘,nmlnl. Its Great Plains and Bounat$h' Resources—Un- sexed Suffrage and the Vank Ing Cowboy, “Wyoming--Anothor Pennsylvania” is the title of a well written article by Julian Ralph in the June number of Harper's The free, aggressive spirit of the newer west prevades the description of this strong young state and its splen- did resources, and is well worth repro- duction in part. Young America, says the writer, builds bigger than his forefathers. Wy- oming is not an exceptionally large state, yet it is as big as the six states of New England and Indiana combined. Indiana itself is the size of Portugal, and is larger than Ireland. It iswith more than ordinary curiosity that one approaches Wyoming during a course of study of the new western states, From the palace-cars of the Union Pacific rail- road, that carries a tide of transcontin- ental travel across its full length, there is little to see but’ brown bunch-grass, and yet we know that on its surface of 365 miles of length and 275 miles of width are many mountain ranges and noble river-threaded valleys of such beauty that a great block of the land is 1o be forever preserved in its present condition as the Yellowstone National Park. ‘We know that for years this had been a stockman's paradise, the greatest seat of the cattle industry north of Texas — the stamping-ground of the picturesque cowboys who had taken the place of the hunters who came from the most distant points of Burope to kill big game there. We know that in the mysterious depths of this huge state the decline of its first great activity was, last year, marked by culiar disorder that necessitated the calling out of troops; but that was a flash in a pan, much exaggerated at a distance and easily quieted at the time. For the rest, most well-informed citiz outside the state know nothing mor than the misnaming of the state implies, for the pretty Indian word Wyoming, copying the name -of*ahistoric locality in the east, is. said to mean ‘plains land.” The Passing Away of the Cowboy. The rapid decline 6f the range busi- ness of Wyoming béddn six years ago. Before that it had n of a character to tempt even the tich. At one time men paid 2 per cent gmonth for money, and made 100 per centi profits a year. That was when cow§ came up from Texas at a _cost of HDeach, sold in two years for $22, and in’| three years for $40 and more, when the ranges were not overstocked, the pgstarage was good, and all the conditions; including ‘‘boom” prices at the stock yards, were favorable. The men who did ‘thei best pushed into new territory as fdst as the Indians were crowded off, and ‘kept finding new grass and plenty 6t it. But the risks soon camej:+and-. multiplied. If one man was,;0areful not to overstock a rtgngF he could mnot be sure that anothed bow entfit would not do so precisely where he had put his cattle. Prices fell, .fences cutup the ranges and shut off the water, winter losses became heavier and heayier, and the “good old days” of this inhuman, devil-may-care, primitive and clumsy business came to an end. The cowboys of picture and story existed in the brilliant days. At first they had come from Texas, but in the zenith of their romantic glory they came from every- where and from every class. They in- cluded young Englishmen, college graduates from the east, well born Americans—all sorts whodid not “‘strike luck” at anything else, and who were full of vim and love of adventure. They 5ot $40 a month and good keep during the greater part of each year. They rode good ~horses, that had as much of the devil in them as the ‘‘boys" themselves, They bought hand-stamped Cheyenne saddles and California bits that were as ornate as jewelry, and stuck their feet in grand tapaderos, or hooded stirrups, richly or- namented, padded with lamb's wool, and each as big as a fire-hat. Their spurs were fit for grandees, their “ropes,” or lariats, were selected with more care than a circus tight rope, and their big broad felt sombreros cost more than the prince of Wales ever paid for a pothat. And then, alas! the cowmen began to economize in men, food, wages—every- thing. The best of the old kind of cow- boys, who had not become owners or foremen, saloon keepers or gamblers, or had not been shot, drifted away. Some of the smartest among them became ‘‘rustlers”—those cattle thieves whose depredations resulted in what almost came to be a war in Wyoming last year. 'llfllu)' insisted that they had to doit to ive. From the cowboy standpoint it was time for the business to languish. Towns were springing up every here and there, each with its ordinance that cowboys must take off their side arms before they entered the villages: wages were low down; men had to cart hay and dump it around for winter food;settlers fenced in the streams, and othars stood guard over them with guns; it was time that such a business languished. From the stand- point of nineteenth century civil- zation the same conclusion was reached—the rangd, business was an obstruction to ization, a bar to the develobment ofithe state, a thing only to be toleratedodn a new and wild country. And now.l'am assured that there is not an intelligent cowman who does not know thih’the business is doomed in Wyoming:and that the last free-roving herd mdastimove on. There is not one who does npb know that small bunches of cattle, helfin conaection with agriculture, must takesthe places of the range cattle, becaukff better grades of cattle can be bred,hebter meat can be produced, all risks ‘néarly disappear and the expenses of (e care of the cat- tle will not be a tithe of those of the old plan. ko Wyoming's Miseral Riches. The tin of the Black Hills extends into Wyoming. THE ‘state has some extraordinary soda deposits, some of these being actual lakebeds of soda. Copper is found all along the North Platte river. Lead appears at least twice in large quantities in a survey of the state, and kaolin, fire clay, mica, graphite, magnesia, plumbago and sul- phur are more or less abundant. Gypsum is found in almost every county, and plaster of paris is being made of it at Red Buttes, on the Union Pacific rail- road. Marbles—some of them very fine and beautiful—are being gathered in every county for exhibition at the World's lulr{n Chicago. They are of all colors, but the only white marble is found in the Sibylee region, where, by the way, is another undeveloped agri- cultural section of great promise. The granites of the state are very fine, and the sandstones, which are of unlimited quantity, include beautiful varieties fop SUNDAYAMAY 28, 1893-<TWENTY PAGES building - purposes decorative work, Potroleum .H:“" in several places in the state. ero are wells at Salt Creek, in Johnson county. The Omsaha company have flowing wells at Bonanza, in another partof the county, and this oil, whose flow is stopped by the com- pany, is a splendid illuminant. A mile away is a spring carrying oil on its sur- face. Near Lander, south of the Indian reservation, are more than two dozen borings. A1l have flowed and all are now eased, but there is a three-acre lake of leakage from them. There are signs of oil elsewhore in tho state. Gold is still being mined where it was first found, below the Indian reserva- tion in the South Pass district. Here is both lode and placer mining, but the principal placer owner is work- ing the quartz. Within the past year many new mines have been opened there, and one shipper claims to be getting from 3200 to $400 a ton out of his ore. Another gold district is east of this on the Seminoe mountains. Others are on both sides of the Medicine Bow range, southwest of Laramie city, and near the Colorado line; in the Black Hills, in the Little Laramie Valloy, in the Silver Crown district, and in the Big Horn country, The gold mining in the state is sufficiently promising to interest a great many miners and considerable capital, but the best friends and bost judges of the new state see the richest future for her in the development of her splendid agricultural lands first, and next in her coal and iron fields. Practical Female Suffrage. 1 found that the great majority of the women in Wyoming are in the f‘;nhit of voting. Notall of them vote as their husbands do, and, as one official ex- pressed himself, “‘good men pride them- selves upon not influencing their wives.” Yet it is true, I am told, that very many women, of their own volition and un- consciously, copy the politics of their husbands. Occasionally the men of the stato hear of women who refuse to em- brace the privilege, who do not believe that women should meddle in affairs which concern the homes, the " pros- perity, and the self-respect and credit of the tommunities of which they are a part, but such women are, of course, fow. Among the women who show an in- telligent interest and take an active part in politics a few resort to the stump, and speak for whichever cause they have adopted. But there are many who serve side by side with the men as delegates to conventions and voters in the party primaries. In the last state convention of the republicans there were three women delegates; in that party’s last county convention in Laramie “county the sccretary was a woman, and three delegates were of her sex. Women literally flock to the pri- maries—in the cities, at all events. At the primary m ng in the Third ward of Cheyenne last autumn, out of 183 who were present at least eighty were women. In the other wards the proportion of women was as one is to three. On elec- tion day the women goa-voting precisely as they go a-shopping elsewhere. On foot or in their carriages they go to the polls, where, under the law, there are no crowds, and where all is quiet and orderly. There 1s no doubt that female suffrage has an improving effect upon politicians and their mann All sorts and sort of women vote, but it is to be remarked that this affords no criterion for larger and eastern states, since the proportion. of women of evil lives is very small in Wyoming, even in the cities, and, 80 far as other women are concerned, our new states are nearer like democracies than our old ones. The lines of caste are more apt to be noticed by their absence than by their enforce- ment. and for interior e A Good Thing tor Rheumatism. There is nothing I have ever used for mus- cular theumatism that gives me as much relief as Chamberlain’s Pain Balm does. [ have been using it for about two years—four bottles in all—as occasion required, and always keep a bottle of it in my home. 'I bo- lieve I know a good thing when I get hold of it, and Pain Balm is the best liniment I have ever met with. W. B. Denny, New Lexington, O, —— STONE AGE RELICS. Traces of a Vanished Era Uncovered in Ohio. Porsons interested in prehistoric authropology and the people in general are watching the demolition of the famous mound in Martin's Ferry, O., with not a little interest. The big mound has, it is supposed, stood for fully 1,000 years, and now the ancient landmark, known to almost every person in the Ohio valley. is being removed, not for the benefit of nee, but for the earth in it, to be used for street filling. The work of removal has been going on for two weeks, and it will take two or three more to complete the job, Martin's Forry, which has for half of a_century prized the big tumulus so highly, is considerably excited over the discoveries made. At times the crowds have been so large that the men have found it difficult to work. The mound was purchased from O. R. Wood, pas: ger agent of the Wheeling & Lake Erie railroad by C. C.Cochran for the purpose named, with the understanding that all relics discovered were to belong to Wood, The mound is twenty-nine feet high and measures 117 feet in diameter, the 1500 Fow, if any, of mounds in Ohio are larger. This is said to be the first large one ever removed in the United States. The farther into the mound excavations are made the more interesting the dis- coveries become Human skeletons, skulls and bones, elk horns, pottery, paliolithic implements and engravings, granite implements, arrow heads, spear- heads, pale gray flint cupstones, agri- cultural implements, nut crackers, ham- mer stones, sinkers, perforated aud variegated stones and implements, and divers articles are being found. One strange feature about the mound is the clay in it is yellow and different from any in the neighborhood. Nine- tenths of the mound is made of clay. The other tenth is of dark earth and gravel. The mound is covered with gravel, From the summit to the bottom there are from thirty to forty strata of earth. The bottom is of very sticky clay, so much 80 that water can be squeezed out of it, Beneath the hole, upon a level with the surrounding grove, will, it is thought, from present indications, be found hard burned clay and a baked hearth or basin, as in others. It bears mark of fires that had been kindled upon it, and the cremations may have been of dead or living sub- icctn or of burned offerings of animals or human beings, Burned substances resembling char- coal, shells and bones have been found. Some of the skulls of human bones are in a good state of preservation, while others crumble into dust when re- moved., Some of the skulls found would seem to indicate that in the day of the mound builders there were giants in this neck of the woods, One pair of thigh bones, almost as sound as-if buried a few years ago, were 80 large: that their owner must have been nine feet tall, The elk antlers, of which several were found, measured over soven feet across and six and one-fourth inches in diame- r. Most of the relics are found near the Tur KivsarL Ick Co. THE ONLY ICE DEALERS IN THE CITY WHO DELIVER Reservoir Ice EXCLUSIVELY. Office and Family Trade a Specialty. Office 213 S, 14th. Tolophono 400, bottom. e stones are entirely differ- ent from any in the Ohio valley and some are beautiful specimens. On some are delicate palaolithic en- gravings, The palwolithic implements are numerous and are the finest ever soen. Very little pottery has been found. The articles of personal use found in the tumulus must have been exposed to an intense heat. Only clay or stone could resist it. The dead and buried culture of the ancient people who erectod such curious monuments is noteworthy in that it differs from all known extinct civilizations. Their mental condition was surely far in advance of the savage state. There are no data by which the exact age of these mounds can be fixed. They were probably built at least 1,000 year's ago. The mound was covered by large oak trees. Some persons think that the ancient people were years building this mound and visited it annually for religious purposes. . THE PAUL JONES FLAG. It Will Welcome the War Ship at Nave- sink Highlands. One of the interesting features of the naval parade ceremonies in New York harbor will be the raising of the old Paul Jones flag on the liberty pole at Navesink Highlands on April 25. While Mrs. Adlai E. Stevenson hoists the standard to the breezes the Miantono- moh, anchored off in the bay, will fire an appropriate salute. Hon. William McAdoo, assistant secretary of the navy, will make an add and the national chaplain, Rev. Sam Alman, will pro- nounce the benediction. The ceremony in itself amounts to hittle, but the flag which Mrs, Stevenson will unfurl is the original banner which Paul Jones hoisted on the Ranger the very day it wus adopted by congress as the national em- biem. The official origin of the grand unionflag is involved to some extent in obscurity. At the time of the adoption of the stripes representing the thirteen states the colonies still acknowledged obedience to the mother country, and where the stars are now was the blended crosses of St. George and St. Andrew. After the declaration of independence the British crosses became inappropriate, but they wi retained in the flag until the following year, when con- gress resolved ‘‘that the flag of the thirteen United States have thirteen stripes, alternate 1 and white, and that the union be represented by thirteen white stars in a blue field. It is not known by whom the stars were suggested. By some they have been ascribed to John Adams, and by others to Washington, who got the idea from his own coat of arms. The stars in the flags now used by the War department are generally arranged in one large star. In the naval flags they are invar- iably set in parallel lines The blue union is called the “union jack.” The revenue flag has perpendicular stripes. When during the late war the confeder- ate arm; adopted a flag com- posed of three horizontal bars of equal width—the middle one white, the others red—with a blue union, on which were nine stars, it led to great confusionon the battle- field, and in September, 1861, a battle flag was adopted. This was a red field charged with a blue saltire, with a nar- row border of white, on which were dis- played thirteen white stars. In 1863 the confederates altered their flag again, adopting & white field, having the battle flag for a union, The Paul Jones flag, as it is called, was the one originally adopted by congress in 1777, and it has been handed down from one generation of Joneses to another, until it finally reached a Mrs, Carr of Elizabeth, N. J., who has loaned it to the government for this occasion, The Paul Jones lag was designed from Washington's coat-of-arms, and made under the direetion of John Brown by the Misses Mary and Sarah Austin, in 1771, in Philadelphia. The five-pointed star was used by direction of General Washington, The flag was first carried by Captain Jones on a small vessel of the Schuylkill viver. In the engage- ment between the Bonhomme Richard and the Serapis the mast from which was flown the flag, was shot away, carry- ing “Old Glory” with it. Lieutenant James B. Stafford, father of the present owner of the flag. piunged overboard, secured the lag and nailed it' to an- other mast. The nail holes ave plainly shown in the flag today. The flag was afterwards carried as the ensign of the frigate Alliance, and thus presented to Lieutenant Stafford, was oft it to his son Samuel. The flag is tattered and torn, and its many bullet holes are carefully patched. One of the original stripes had to be removed and u new one put in; otherwise the flag is the original one. It has only twelve stars as 1t was made before Georgia came into the union, It is labout six feet square and a part of one end is torn off, ~—— Fashion Denounced by the Prophet, The present dressmaker's device of balloon shoulders was denounced as long ago as the time of Kzekiel, that prophet having uttered the solemn warning: “Thus saith the Lord God; Woe to the women who sew pillows toall armholes!” The doubting can verify this curse by turning to Mzekiel, xiii,, 18, The old Hebrew prophets, by the way, were severe eritics of women's fashions. Ina famous passage lsaiah denounced the fashionable women of his day, with their tinkling ornaments around their feet, their earrings, noserings, chains, hrace- lets, mantels, wiwples, crisping pins e e ORIENTAL ¥ RUGS and CARPETS - Our special sale of Oriental Carpets, Rugs, Embroiderios, Curios, etc., will be continued positively the last during the week. This is chanco to secure Oriental Goods at first cost. CHARLES SHIVERICK & (0., 1206, 1208, 1210 Farnam St. . HOTELS. The Mercer. Omaha’s Newest Hotel COR. 12TH AND HOWARD 5[i. ((Rooms nt 82,50 per day. ((Xooms at $3.00 por dny. {0Rcoms with Bath at §1.0) partaz. {0Rooms with Batl: at $3.50 to 31.5) p3r 14y, OPENED AUGUST 1st Modern in Every Respect. Newly Furnished Throaghous C. S. ERB. Propn. The Midland Hote Cor. 16th and Chiocago. g Jefferson Square Park. { Bullding and furni- Just Opened { Wioiish e American plan, §2¢ 1 Special rates Kuropean plan, §1 | y by the week, Convenlent to all car lines to and from depots, Offors all comforts, convienencesand fare of higher priced hotels. Every room sn outside room. Kloc+ tric lights, call bells, gas, baths, ete. M. J. FR%NCK. roprictor, Per day WORLD'’S FAIR ANNOUNCEMENT Cor. Cottage Grove avo. and 64th HOTEL St Chicago. First class. Buro- pean: Superior bining Rtoom & inutes walk f orld’s Fatr- EE‘L‘!@&E Rutos moderate. - Send (O clreu - W. N. PELOUZE, Supt. “THE OMAHA” EUROPEAN HOTEL. 55th and Lexington avenue, Chicngo, eight minutes from 57th street entrance to World's I'nir grounds, only four blocks from Midway Pluisance. “THE OMAHA” 15 a fine stone and brick bullding, finished In hard wood, provided with electriclight, stoam heat, baths and porfoct sanitary primbing throuzhout. The rooms are all good stze Wit side lizht, and are finished very much bot- ter than most of tho World's Fafr Hotels. The restuurant will be conducted by the manager, which will insure to all zood service and entire satisfacvion. Rates will be moderate and roa- sonuble. Prices for rooms, $L.00 and’ upwards (ench person) perduy. Wo desiro to make “THE OMAHA" headguartors for all Nebraska and western poople who muy visit the World’s Falr. You ne and ask “QUESTIONS POINTERS" whether you wish to romun or uol. STHE O ’' is con- veniently roached by taking the CottageG e and Juckson Park eable car on Wabush ave- nue. They pass the hotel. Hotel will beopen June 1. FRANK E. ALEXANDER, Propr B. SILLOWAY, - - - Manager Of “Tke Murray" Omaha, 0 to SOUTH PARKCHAUTAU Oponed Juno Ist and 2nd by . Do Witt Good beda 500 Gulen 1 Ta 5ot 8t.. Ch! UA. ‘aimage. Tostaurant. reasonnble. Addrons, oc'y, corner Washington Vark and 0. B — FOR STYLE, FINISH, POSING WORKMANSHIP, —GO0 TO— HIGH CLASS PHOTOGRAPHY, AT POPULAR PRICES, 3813-315-317 South 15th Strest, and other elegant trifles, which goes to show that women haven't changea mueh since that tume. But if Isaiah disap- proved of these women, it is preus cers tain that they just as strongly disape proved of him. e s West Virginia has a two-headed woman who sings bass and tenor at the same time, What a hilarious time she will have monopes lizing the duets iu & choir,