Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, September 2, 1891, Page 1

- FRANCE AND ITS MILLIONS. | THE OmAHA Dally BEE ENTY-FIRST YEAR. T™W ! k Limited Banking Facilities Which Account 7 3 “ for the Large Circulating Medium, ALL THE TRADING IS WITH CASH. SEE(™ Diapels a Amer- ‘ple Explanation Whic ™ usion Under Which Ma an Farmers are Laboring— Austria’s Fiat Financiering. B Viexsa, Aug. 15.—[Editorial Correspond- ence]— What will the harvest be! This is the all absorbing topic just now in the capi- tals of Europe. The oration of Admiral Gervais and the French fleet at Croustadt, and the movements of the German emperor, arcof comparatively httle mowent in the faco of the problem of the future food supply. The crop prospect so far as 1 have been abie to observe on my journey through Krauce, Switzerland and lower Austria is not very promising. There will be no surplus of grain for export from Austria this year, and that alone must cause an active demand for American wheat and corn. The harvest has been much retarded by frequent rains, and crops nave been damaged. Harvesting in France, Switzerland, and the greater part of Austria s still carried on in the primitive way, with hand, sickle and scythe. This is chiefly duo to the fact that the land has been subdivided into small tracts, on which mowers and reapers could not be operated rofitavly. Tho prasperity, or rather the general con- tentment, that prevails among Frevch farm- ers to a greater extent than among farmers in any other country is ascribed by the ablest ~ and best informed political economists to the y & | i L} P from wretched tenants, are very absence of land monopoly. Large landed estates, like those owned in England and Ireiand by lords who draw vast revenues rare in France, under a law enacted aftertho French revolution of 178¢-03, lund owners canuot de- vise their holdings at will to one person, but all logitimate heirs share alike in the proper- ty, thus causing frequent sub-division, so that wday French farms average from thirty to one hundred acres. These farms are nearly all cultivated by their owners, who invest every dollar of their savings in en- largement of their farms.” Ouly the larger farms are cultivated by renters. A French cure (priest) who has lived all his life aviong farmers and is thoroughly famil- iar with their condition, told me the other duy that their content- ment depends largely upon their location. In Normandy, where the suil is very prolific, they lay up money and feel cou- tented, while in other less productive sec- tious of France, they are barely ablo to sub- sist. Where help is nceded by the French farmor, thoy are hired by the year. Harvest hands aro paid by tho day. Men earn 1 franc (20 conts) a day and women from 8 to 10 cents & duy and their meals. While talking about French farmers, it may not be amiss to dispel a delusion under which so many American farmers have been carried away by the clamor for free and un- limited coinage and *flat money.” The pre- -vailing impression is that the prosperity of the French farmer is due to the fact that the volume of mouoy and particulavly of silver coin in circulation in France is nearly double per capita as compared with the volume of woney in circutation in the United States. 1 have taken pains to ascertain what, if any, rolation the volume of silver currency bas in France to the general contontment of the agricultural classes, and find my former conclusions fully confirmed. In I'rauco the bulk of all purchases, sales and payments are in cash. Drafts and checks are never used by merchants, farmers or working peo- ple. Their uso is confined to the exchanges between banks. Ewinent finauciers compute tho transactions by check and drafts in Franco ut less than 20 por cent of the whole volume of business done, while in the United States, more than 95 per cent of all payments is by check and draft. This fact aloue ex- plains why so much silver currenoy is in actual circulation in France, while in Amer- ica nearly four hundred millions of silver dollars remain in the national treasury, be- cause people profer silver certificates and paper monoy exchangeable on demand for gola or silver. In France the smallest bank note is 50 francs ($10), the smallest gold coin is ten francs (§2), the largest gold coin 20 francs (#1). People are thus compelled to make their small purchases and pay- ments in silver. Anotker potent factor Is the comparative lack ot banking facilities. The Bank of I'rance alone is authorized to Issue paper monoy. It is organized on the basis of the Bank of England and has branch banks and oftices in various parts of France. It is proposed to grant a new ohartor and re- organize it uext year, with enlarged powers under cortain conditions, Among these is the proposition thut the bank shall advance 40,000,000 fraucs (85,000,000) tojthe government without interest and pay the government 1,700,000 francs annually from now until 1807, and 25,000,000 franes (85,000,000) annually from that dute as a bonus for its buaking monop oly. Undor the proposod reorganization the bank is to opon and maintain in cach import- ant clty and town oue branch bank. T will give 50 towns now without banking facilities or buch bauks,@and tho incroas are of branch banks will be from 132, which is the present number, to 250, aud it way reach @s bigh as 810. In these branch bauks dis- counts and loans shall be made daily. Now thoy only make them once a week —anothor reason why Erench people areobliged to hava ® larger volume of veady money. Those dis- counts are horeafter to include loans on real estate, as woll as bankable paper sigued by two or more endorsers. On the 1st day of August, 1801, tho bank- 1ng business of France was conducted by the following coucerns: The Bank of Franco with 132 branches and auxiliary ofiices; the Credit Lyonnais, Paris and Lyons, with 22 branches in Paris and 72 branches in pro- vincial cities; the Societe Geunerals, with 51 branches in Paris, flve in the suburbs of Paris, aud 115 oranches in provinclal towns; the Credit Industriol et Commercial, with elght brauches in Puris; the Comptoir National d'Escompte, threo branches in France. Then there aro the Banque de Paris et Pays Bas, 10 branches; Credit Koncier do France, uo brauches, aud Credit Mobilier, uo sanchies. This mukos a total of M4 banks, loan institutions aud trust companies in France, as agaiust over eloven thousand bsuks and bunking concerns in tho United States, not counting thousands of loan aud trust e)wopuies with their branches With thousands.of villages and minor cities without banking and loan facilities, and nearly all transuctious in ready mouey, the volume of eurrency in France must neces sarily be very much larger than in our coun- try. Mr. Ottomar Haupt, one of the most eminent authorities on finance, and spaciaiist on silver colnage, who favers a bi-mettalie ourreucy, whow I met in Paris exprossed the opinion tbat free coluage might possibly bo carried luto effvol iu lbe United Siates without driving out the gold, but he consid ered it very hazardous,unless an internation standard 1s agreea upon for silver and gold. In France o more silver can be coined, ex- cept old worn out coins which are recoined into subsidiary coin, ““The real causo of the general prosperity of tho French farmer,” says Colonel Thomas Connolly,an old unfon veteran, who his live in France for mdre than eightcen years, “is their thrift and economic habits. A French farmer wastes nothing, his wife is a £00d cook and knows how to make the best use of every crust, and while the food is al ways palatable, a Prench farmer's family subsists on what is wasted and thrown away on an American farm.” The French farmer tills his plowed land for the most pact without machinery, while our Amerlcans plaster thewr farms with mortgages for harvestars, threshers and other machinery, which is allowed to rust and go to pleces by neglect every fow yoars. The French farmer markets his products to the best advantage, His wifo markets tho arden truck, butter and eggs in the neigh- boring village or town, while her husband is at work 1w the field. ‘I'his mode of cconomic living avd close application to his work makes the French farmer independent and enables him to lay up and ofton loan out mon The circulating medium cuts no figure in tho furmer's savings. Here in Austria tho tiat system of finan- cloring has certawnly had full sway. There is an abundance of puper money,and gold is never seen or thought of oxcept when ex- changes aro made with foreign countries, In that case gold coin commands a premium of 15 per cent, and yot in Austria, with ler abundant circulating medium, is the most im- poverished nution in all Europe,funless we ox- cept Turkey. 1 scarcely need to ada that the American farmer with all his woes and draw- backs is intinitely better off than the Aus- trian farmer who toils aud toils only to meot the inexorable demands of the taxgatherer, who takes pretty much all he can sparo even when he is only earning a scanty livelihood. E. ROSEWATER. - PUBLIC DEBT STATEMENT. What the Latest Exhibit of the Secre- tary of the Treasury Shows. Wasninagroy, D. C., Sept. 1.-~The follow- ing Is a recapitulation of the debt statement 1ssued today : r cent...... at 4§ - Bonds at 4t per cent continued at INTEREST BEARING DEBT. egate of debt, ine ates and trewsury notes funding certificalés at 4 per cent. Bon CASHIN THEASUILY. Gold cotn Bars..... Stlver doliars Subsidiary coin ¥ 240,744,487 0Ty burs, wal tender, notes 01 Natlonul b Other 94,620,08 uitiog and’ fraction Deposits in nationai ‘depos- 1tories, gencral necount Disbursing officers balances. Aggregate. 208,917 AND LIABILITIES, rent national bank not Outstanding checks Arafts.. ... Disbursing o Akeney GOl res Neteash b Akgrex Cash balanee uly 1, 1 biln 11 3,157,158 1000001060 0,214,584 47249540 lunca. 100274 n Inereuse during mon| How ditors of the Company OfFc Arckiso, Kan., Sopt gram to'uk Bee|—Spooner R. Howell of the insolvent Lumber tirm of Howoll, Jewett & Co,, has issued a circular to his creditors making an offer of sottlement. He recites the history of his business and the causes which lod to his suspension. Ho also sched- ules his assets and liabilitios. Theso are as follows : Assots, 81,050,000; amount of claims secured thercon, $6%0,000; balance, $3%0,000; cost and oxpenses up to time of proposed set- tlemont, ®0,000; available for unsecuved creditors, #310,000; liabilities, £1,830,000 7 se- cured, #90,000; uasecured, §1,140,000, Howell offers in settlement with the un- secured creditors 35 cents on the dollar payablo as follows: Twenty cents cash, 5 its six months after October, 5 cents a ar after aud 5 cents eighteen months after, Tho doferred payments to bear 6 per cent interest. If the offor is not accepted by ail the creditors by October 1 he reserves the right to withdraw it. Howell's anxiety for haste is on account of the flood of ltigation at all points where he has property which threatens to consume the assetts.” G, W. Howell agrees to join in the notes for the de- ferrad payments, he to bo released from all paper on which he way be liable with S, R, Howell “The circular states that George W. Howell has turned over all his property to his indi- vidual creditoes. The habilities of George W. Howell are not stated in the cireular. - ON 10 GETTYSBURG, vivors of the Battle the Sc¢ Moxticeiro, 11k, Sept. 1.--[Special Telo: gram to Tur Bek.]—Governor Joseph W. Fifor and his staff with 1ho state ofticers and the survivors of the threo Hlois regiments Nlinois Su Visit which took part in the battle of Gettysburg, | the Eighth eavalry, the Twelfth cavairy and the Eighty-socond infuntry, departed today by special train for the Gettysburg batjle- field, whore tho three mouuments erected to commemorata the part the Illinois troops took in that battie will bo dedicated September 3 The [llinois representatives will visit Wash- ington, Philadelphia, New York and Baltl- wore before they return uowe, aud pay their respects 1o the president, OMAHA. WEDNESDAY MORN [ DAYBREAK IN CAMP SHERMAN Sunrise Gun Aroused Veterans and Recruits to a Basy Day, ALL IS ACTIVITY AT GRAND ISLAND. Mor fdents — Ar- tory of Lost ing Scen ivals of the Bird—N Graxp Istaxn, Neb, Sept. I.—[Special Telegram to Tue Ber,)—The second day of the Grand Army of the Republic reunion at this place broke with the same clear sky which attended the opening. Camp Sherman presented a more lively appearance, hundreds of veterans and families continually entering the gates and taking the quarters assigned them, The number of national standards above the touts was greatly increased, bec s00u as each post went into quarters it pro- cluimed the fact by giving to the breeze the colors which beloug to the organization, The avenues and streets early became alive with people. They were driven thither by the sun rise gun which awoke even the heaviest slumberer. Hundreds of veterans and militia men sought the mountainoas woodplies and returned to their tents, laden with sticks of pine and hi®kory. In a few minutes, light and penetrating smoke ascended above the tents and giving to the atmosphere that peculiarly grateful odor appreciated only by those who delight in camping out. Soon the dominance of the woody flavor was aispuied and the odors of a thousand impromptu kitchens told of the preparation of tho morning meal. Women, wives and daughters of veterans. in the main, attended to the cooking, but there wore hundreds of instauces in which grizzlad and beat veterans, hashed their potatoes, boiled their coffee and fried their meat as they used to do when in face of the enemy. While they bent over the crackliog flames and sizzling® stew- pans, the women set table with little less care than they would have done at home. In some instances the table consisted of the ground about the entrance to the teut: in others a bedspread extended within the tent and in others still a_good sized, four legged, wooden support which seemed to have been peculiarly designed for the occasion. On those tables not_infrequently could be seen ware of beautiful design and decoration Around these tables sat in some instances, only husband ana_ wife while others were surrounded with eight and ten hungry mortals—for be it known that whole families come to these reunioas. After Breakfast was Laterin the day the state headquarters became the scone of many reunions. As rapidly as_the veterans scitled themselves in camp, thoy reported and rogistored at their states and talked over the achieve- ments of their “state boys” in the war or perhays recallod the memory of some com- rade who, a year ago, had been with them but had siuce been calied from the great battle of life. Tho largest number of veterans assembled at the Illinois headquarters, where, it had beon announced, an election of officers would bo held. The election, however, was do- ferred, because not more than a tenth of the 1linois vetorans on the ground had been av- prised of tbe meoting. The mon, however, formed in fours and marched around several squares of the camp bohind a brass band, which played an inspiring quickstep. The stiffness and infirmity waicn it is customary 10 note on all these occasions, while of course not ontire absent, seemed to affect the Illinoisan less than it does many whom ono may notice from other states. The martial spirit too scoms still to dominate these men even as it did years ago when the state quota was given every opportunity in fifty general engagemonts to display its valor. The Ohio headquarterscontinue to attract agreat deal of atiention, owing to the mag- niticent manner in which they have been decorated. "Theso state beadquarters present a beauti- ful appearauce. They occupy & commanding position on the north of the main avenue, and above each is the banner of the association. Many of these emblems are works of art and have cost the boys many a hard earned dol- lar, “T'ho New York banner is of gold silk with nurple drapery, bearing en one side the arms of the states of New York and Noebraska and on the other, “Now York Soldiers in Nebraska.” The Illinois veterans have a beautiful white silk flag with heavy gold trimmings. The Onio veteraus are proud of a white silk flag also, which is very beautiful and well cared for. The emblem of the Michigan soldiers is a rich yellow silk with the legeed, “Michigan Solaiors in Nebraska.” The Towa veteraus huve a rod flag, the Tn- dianian a drub silk banner emblazoned with the Grand Army of the Republic badge. At the Minnesota headquarters thero 1s a large pennant on which appears the words, “Minnesots, the First in the Field.” This claim is supported by the men who represent that state, who assert that Minuesota ten- dered her'services to President Lincolu on the morning of April 13, 1861, and that the tender was accopted on the samo day. The states of Kentucky and Tenvessee are joined in the Minnesota association. Arrivals of the Day. Among the prominent arrivals today were Governor Thayer, Judges Homor of Keur- Appleget of Tecumseh and Estelle of Omaha, ex-Congressman Dorsey, A. T, Nor- val, J. T. Malialien, Superintendent and Rev. Mr. Martin, caplain of the Industrial school at Kearney; A. (igee, Lincoln ; Samuel ss of Juniata, Goneral Bowen of Hastings, 1. Bonnell of Lincoln, Church Howe of Newaha, Rev. J. G. Tate, Licutenant W. M. Morrow and IT. M. Morrow, sons of the late Geueral Morrow, Mrs, Genoral Colby, Miss Coloy. The arrival of Governor Thayer was greoted with a saluto of thirtcon guns fired by Captain Murdock’s battery in fino stylo, His excellency was escorted to his tent, which was most comfortably furnished, and which was flanked by the tents of his staff, In_the morning the usual guard mount by tue National guards occurred. At 8 o'clock p. m. there was a battalion drill on the plain north of the paviilion, in which the infantry, cavalry and artillory 'took part. This was witnessed by @ great number of people. The ¢round was uneven in many places and all the arms of the service experionced a great deal of dificulty in making a creditabio dis- play. Under ihe circumstunces they did magnificently however, showing a great deal of improvement over their work of yes- terday. Ou this occasion General Colby rode ihe magniticont Linden Tree, tho horse presented General Grant by the' Sultan of furkey. The steod1s of milk white color, wagniticent form and bore his rider with tne swiftuess of the wind over the field Atd 0'clock thero was a grand dress parade in which both regiments took part. This was reviowed by Governor Thayer and staff, who occupied seats in froat of the grand stand. deq. Story of Lost Bird. Among the spectators were General Colby and wife, accompanied by their little adopted duughter, Zintka Lauuni, which is Sioux for “Lost Bira" This little one 1s now about o ye and was permitted to 1y around th v of the stand, not, howey without solicitation on the part of the foster parants, who kept loving eyes upon the | movements of the child. ‘The lutter attracted @ great deal of attontion. | Tudian face and promises to develop luto a ‘ robust young woman | | This little one will be remembered as the orphan whose parents were killed in the battle of Wounded Kneo in the last Sioux | campaign, aud who was found sheltered by Sho has a pure | ING, the dead body of her mother, Sho survived the intense blizzard which followed that en- gagement, having been exposed to the cle- ments for forty-eight hours, This evenine Mrs, Botsy Harrls, a colored woman of Wy more, was bréught to the camp, it was thought ina dying céndivon. She was thrown out of a wagon at home this morning, and though injured, thought she would be abla to make tho journay. Mrs. Harris foliowed the Twaelfth Michi. gnu through the war as 'nurse, and becamo attached to the boys who were 'nder the commana of Colonel Graves. She joined the regiment at Bolivar, and aid not leave it until it was musterod out at Niles, Mich. After leaving Wvmore today she began to feel the effect of her in- juriés, and when she reached hero she suffered most Intensly. Mrs. Harris is a very patriotic woman, 54 years of age and alréady suffers from paralysi Drum Corps Contest, 'Lis afternoon tho contest batween the rival drum corps on the ground took place. The competitors were the corps of the First reginrent, Nebraska National guards the Kountze 'Place drum corps of Omaha, the on Post corps, Grand Army of the Ro- public, Grand Isiand and tho Jackson corps of Lincomn. The prize was a silk banner, and was won by tho drum corps ' of the First regiment. No second prize had boen offered. 1f it had the judges decided it would be given to the Jack- son corps of Liucoln, the majority of whom are very little boys and who play most cred- itably. After the dress parade this afternoon the s of the First and Second regiments, tional guards, accompanied by their tive bands, paid their resvects Governor Thayer and were heartily congratulated by him upou the energy they were displaying in the oause of the National Guards and the success which was attending their effcrts. A plensant reception followed, in whicn the officers were Introduced to his excellency by Major Magoon, judge advocate general of the former’s staff, GENERAL MORROW'S MEMORY. Senator Manderson Pays an Eloquent Tribute to a Dead Comrade. Graxp Istasp, Neb, Sept. 1.—|Spocial Telegram to Tik Bek. |—General Russell A. Alger of Michigan, Senator C. . Mander- son, Major J. W. Paddock, commander of the Loyal Legion of Nebraska, Major T. T. Clarkson, junior vico commauder-in-chief of the Grand Army of the Republic, General C. H. derick of Omaha, Captain C. H. Burmeis- ter, Captain John Peters, collector of customs, W. E. Aunin, private, secretary to Senator A. S. Paddock, General John B. Dennis and Major A, 8. Furay arrived on the overland tonight. i General Alger was received attho station by Captain Platte, and with Senator Man- derson, who was the quest of Captain Moore was driven to dinner. Generals Manderson and Alger reached the grand stand at S :30 o'clock this evening, where 10,000 people had assem- bled to hear tho former deliver his memorial address on the late General, Heury A. Mor- row. They were greeted with hearty cheers. Upon taking the stand Geperal Manderson said this was the thirteenth reunion of the Grand Army of the Republic in Nebraska, and that cach rounion seemed to increase in enthusiasm and attendance, He said that bis duty was to pay a tribute to the distin- guished services of General Henry A. Morrow. The senator traced the origin of Morrow to the Huguenots of France, of whom loyalty to their country was the most distinguishing characteristic. From the Huguenots had de- scended some of the most, eminent men in the country, John Jay, _ Roudinot, _ the Bayards, Laurens were. Huguenots. Born as~ General Morrow had been in Virginia, it was a question whethor if he had remained there he would have de- cided before the war, when there was two schools of polilics, whether his loyalty was duo to the state or to the nation; whether he would have followed Lee 'and given up his commission to fight against the national government, or whether he would have followed that glorious son of Virclnia, Geovgo A. Thomus, who led the national troops to victory. Bt it was fortu- nate for the country that be did not remain. ‘The senatox then related how young Mor- row went to Washington, which was not a pent up Utica like Richmond, where he became a page m the United States senate, where he realized that the state was insignificant in comparison with the nation ; where he exercised the glorious privilege o listoning to Clay and Webster and drinking the houeyed words of Calhoun, those groat statesmen of the duy, who taught patriotism and fealty to the republic, He then referrad to General Morrow’s on- Uistment as a private in 1846, his serving under Zachary Taylor in the Mexican war, his return to private life, his removal to Michigan, where, in Detroit, he served tho people successively as_recordor and judge of the racorder’s court; the tender of bis sery- ices in 1801 to the governor of Michigan: his recrwiting of the Twenty-fourth Michigan regiment, aud his lsading “that regiment into the fiold. ‘The senator then dwolt upon General Mor- row's great bravery in the field of Gottys: bury, where 316 out of 498 men of his regi- ment had been either killed or wounded, a loss of over 65 per cent, the greatest ever ox- perienced, according to tha reports, in a regi- ment of tho sate size in any war. The loss in Nupoleow's war did not exceed 15 per cent, whilo at Waterloo on both sides it did not exceed that por cont. The world, which did not look closely into such matters, could not realize tho desperate bravery of the Awerican soldier, whether he fought “on tho right side or the wrong. When the lust color bearer of the regiment bad fallen at Gettysburg, Morrow seized the standard to suve It from contamination in the dust, and it was then seized by Private Kelly of Company E, who then exclaimed that ho (Morrow) inust not carry 1t while ho (ISolly) lived, The Turks inculcatod the idea that when a man died on the ficld of battlo fighting his soul went straight to heaven. The speaker believed that the soul of Keliy, who died tno next moment, wentstraight to glovy, Morrow then seized the colors, toll wounded and was captured by the eue- Lee, when he was retreat could darry no union wounded and Morrow again fell into the hands of his friends, ‘I'ne senator then described Morrow’s lead- ing 500 men across the pontoon at Chancel- lorsville under five of the enemy, his desper- ate assault upon and his driving the enomy from the heights, which jaitiated the Chan- cellorsville campuign, Wounded at - Gettysburg, Morrow was again wounded in tho Wilaerness and in front of Petorsburg, but tha wounds healed and be returned to the fleld, General Morrow's promotion was then re- called, as weroe also his return to civil life at Detrolt at the close of the tho war; tha civic ofices of frast forced upon him; his services at New Orleans in tho re- construction of Louisians, & duty imposed upon him by Geueral Graal because of mis ability as a lawyer; the manner in which he compolled “the Mormens to respect the laws of the land, and finally his great love for Nebraska and his friond- ship for the ploneer settior and homosteador, The senator closod by saying: Gener Morrow believed In the futuro of this atite. Ho was an optimist, not a pessi= mist. e “did not pregch the gospel of discantent. He beliey that wh [ Sinzle season of shorta crops might onnse @ WmporaTy stoppize, 16 cou'd not rotard the £rowth of the great stite of Nebraska in iis onwurd mareh to prosperity. He wis eirly allied to the Grand Army of the Republie, The order held no re- union which he did mot tend. He frequently brought his own troops with him. His volee” was froquestly heard ateamp fires, and you know with whab earaestnuss Lo CEDONSE Lo Ciuse Genernl Morrow was u man of sound He wis loarned in the successfully prove He wa orator. Inprivat fo ho was porsationalist. He wis loving husband and a ¢ talent he hud plished Wity wod - soldler, & d painstik- KOt thiat niversil By \is heart. ¢ n Of him (U inight be said thit was gentle and the eiemonts so mix |CONTINUED ON SECOND PAGE.] SE 9 &y SWINDLING WESTERY PEOPLE. PTEMBER 1 Officials of the Land Office Discover a Gi- gantio Fraud, THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS SECURED. So-Called Bureaus Pretending to Pers 1 ded Land Titles ata Re- rkably Low Price—Will Bo Thoroughly Investigated. Wasnizaros Brneav or Tue B 13 IOURTERNTI STRERT, Wasmzaros, D. C., Sept. 1. | The land office intends to put a stop to a swindlo which is being entonsively worked through the west. The original patents to government lands aro in many cases un- called for as the patents wore issued many years agoand the parties now holding the land care nothing for the original grant from tho government. In some localities there are from 30,000 to 40,000 of these original patents uncalled for. Unscrupulous parties in the west have taken advantageof this situation and have established bureaus for sclliug the old patents. In one instance w Towa, which has como before the land ofiice, a firm has been doing a wholesale busiuess in selling over 30,000 government patents. Thz plan has been to securo from the local land oftice a list of the uncalled for patents. Tho owners of the land were then notified that their titlo was imperfact as thoy lacked the oviginal government patent. The firm professcd to have control of the patents and offered to sell them and thus perfoct titles for $10 ouch. A lucrative bustiess has thus been built up, although the patents could have been secured without the expenditure of & peuny by sending for them to the land oftice, The authorities here have detormined to break up the practice. Whenever one of the ent burcau’s makes an application for tae original grant on a pieco of laud notice will be forwarded to the owner of the land that he can have the grant free of cost by apply- ing direct to tho land ofice and can thén save the $10 extortion. While the swindle is small in each case it amounts in tho ageregate to a very large sum. The fowa firm which is dealing in 80,000 patents had hopes of clearing $400,000 inside of a year without the expenditure of anything except for printing circulars which might scaro the land owners into buyiug up their putents. MINISTER EGAN'S SILENCE Secretary Tracy laft here tonight for Cape May and ii is . stated that his mission is to sce the president concerning the diplomatic course to be pursued toward the new Chilian government. Tho State department has thus far failed to secure_information of the progress of important events in Chili and this lack of information at a critical time has become so marked that it is said President Harrison will quietly ignore the tardy oflio- ials and ministers of the State department and trust to the more expeditious methods of the Navy dopartment. Admiral Brown is in Chili and his frequent dispatches to Sec- rotary Tracy are in marked contrast with the advices of Minister Eian. Tho latter has constantly asserted_that Balmaceda was invivcible, and the State department ofiuials aot wistiing to discredit thoir own agonts, havo given genecous sup- POt to his views, but his early misinforma- tion to thie government 1s now supplemented by entire silence and _the State department is embarrassed by entire lack of information although Santiago has long ago fallen and Chili has passed into the hanas of a new government. In fact tho State department 1s now depending for advice on Admiral Brown and the courtesy of the Navy depart- mieat, Wit this condition of affaivs exist- ing, ‘the president is said to believe in letting ~ the Navy department carr, torward diplomatic " negotiations. Admiral Brown is well equipped to carry forward any courso whicn the president may determine to take, Igan is a constant sourco of irrita- +tion to the new government. and his recall can not be delaved long, in the meantime tho unusual course may be adopted of having tho Navy department, through its admiral, conduct diplomatic relations by raason of tho tardiness of Secretary Blaine's State depart- ment ofticials, P S H, e SOUTH DAKOTA CELEBRATES. Labor Day Enjoyed by Thousands of Black Hills Miners, DEADWOOD, 8. D., Sept. 1.—[Special Tele- gram to Tue Bee.)- Labor day, the groat Black Hills hohday for all classes of laboring men, occurred today. [or several weeks preparations for properly and appropriately celebrating it had been under way. White- wood, by & voteof the Miners' unions of Contral and Lead Cities had been seiected as the place for the programme, and from 6 o'clock this morning until 1 o'clock in the afternoon the Elkhorn railroad was dispatch- ing train load after train load from Dead- wood, Central City, Torraville and Lead City. Those carried by rail were principally miners and thoir families. I'rom all otheér parts of the county came farmers, and despite tho fact that rain was falling noarly all through the day, it is estimated that 5,000 people took part'in the pienic. United States Senator Kylo was the orator of tho day. The fact that e was to be_pres- ent haa drawn many of the promment Llack Hills politicians. who, anticipating a political spoech, were anxious 10 ascertain where the preacher-senator would placo himself. He talked to the dissatisfaction of republicans and indopendents, and if bis specch of today may bo accopted as a declaration of his po- lincal faith ho placed himself in lino with democrac He proclaimed, among other things, for absolute freo tradé and freo coin- age of silyer. Senator KKylo was followed by Colonel W. R. Steole of Deadwood, who de- livered a brilliant address, devoting himself entirely to a discussion of labor problems uud eschowing politics. At the closo of Colonel Steele's address ibe crowd dispersed, not to unite again uatil September 1, 1562, urches, [Special to Tk Bee,| —The annual convocation of the Indian churches of the Episcopal denomina- tion assembled at Rosebud reservation this vear. The moeting gathers dolegates from all the Sioux reservations. The Indians travel by team from Standing Rock and Sisseton. The Rosebud chbureh entertains all visiting ‘members, furnishing abundant rations among the moetings. ‘Phe meetings are held under a large booth wade from boughs and branches with a seat- ing capacity of 500, This is built on Ante- lope creck just east of St. Mary’s school. The Indion churches take great interest in theso meetings. Bishop Hare is very warmly welcomed by his Indian churches aftor Lils return from Japan, North Dakota's Big Crop. Grasp Fores, N, D, Sop, 1.—The wholo wheat crop just harvested in this state ox ceods 50,000,000 bushels, Commssioner of Agriculturo Helgesor's official estimate | places tho wheat acreage at 3,000,000 ucres, with an ave » yield of seventeen bushels to the acre, muking the aggregate yield 51,000,000 busuels, and this estimate will fall whort of the actual crop. Wheat tareshed { 1w Grand Forks county yest @ thirty-eight bushels to the ac unty on Saturday, two and lded 245 bust of oats, - Insutnrated with G FraNkrort, Ky., Sept. 1 | was inaugurated at nc | and imoressive cerer people were present pno-half ac At Pomp. Govervor Brown oday with onies. Fully u aborata 20,000 President Harris Care May Poiyt, N, J., Sept. L. % Movements. No busi- *ness of a public nature was transacted by the president this morning. During the forenoon Secretary Rusk was in conforence with tho president, The secrotary started at 2:35 this aftornoon on his return to Washington, Mrs, Harrison gnd Mrs. Dimmick left Capo May at 7 o'clock this moruing by special car for New York, . NEWS FROM NEBRASKA TOWNS, Tilden Citizens Prepare an Exhibit of Agricultural Wealth. 1oEN, Neb,, Sept. 1.—[Special Telegram to Tue Ber)—Tilden is alive. Yestorday tho bosiness men of Tilden assisted by tho farmers of the vicinity commenced to ar- range an exhivit of tho agricultural products of the county at the depot 8o that excursion- ists might haye an opportunity to see what cay be done around Tilden. Now the depot is & scene of wonder. As every train stops passangers aro surprised to seo the beautiful displays of appies, pears, plums and other fruit ‘besides the fine specimens of corn, wheat, rye, outs, sugar beets and in fact ali farm products that have been collected in so shorta time. It is intended to show to strangers and visitors what soil in this county is capable of producing. RANDOLE Bik.|—All crops are good in this region. The small grain 1s in shock oxcept what is threshed. The rango in good fields is of wheat from fitieen to twenty bushels. A. Huber had fifty bushels of wheat per acro and 100 bushels of oats Oats are very fine and range from thirty to seventy bushels. Mr. Oliver, near Havens, Cedar county, had 1,145 bushels, machine measure, in a ton and a'half acre field. E. S. Miller of Randolph had 150 bushels of barley on eight acres und his onts vield fifty bushels per acro. Thore never was so even and $0 good & crop of flax. This is now ready for cutting and looks as though it would range from eight to sixteon bushels. One farmer is re- ported us having already threshed twenty bushels per acre. Haying was hindered by frequent rains till About & Weox ugo. Saline Co Frigsn, Neb, S [Speclal to Tur Bre.|—The old soldiers ot Saline county will hold their annual reunion in H. Applegate’s grove, seven miles south of i'riend, com- mencing Septomber 15 and _continuing until Septembor 17. The grove is a beautiful ono and is near the headquarters of Lookout Mountain post, the members of which are prepared to mako it very pleasant for all who attend. Tents will be fur- nished to all who wish them and grain_and hay will be on the ground for thoso who have toams. Refreshments will bo furnished by Lookout Mountain Relief ~ Corps. Good speaking, music, sham battles and plenty of amusement, will b found on the programme. Everybody is invited and especially the Sons and Daughters of Veterans and Rolief Corps. Lookout Mountain post and the management propose to make this the finest reunion of them all. Osceola’s Masons Celebrate. Oscrora, Neb,, Sept. 1.—[Special to Tue Bee.]—The chapter of the Order of the Eastern Star of this place met in special moeting last night for the purpose of cele- brating tho birthday of the founder of that order, Robert Morris, who was also the oet laureate of k'res Masonry of the United States, There was & Jlarge numboer of sisters and brothers from different parts of the stato present, as well as some of the members of Vesta chapter of Omaha, Osceola chapter has the reputation of being one of the best ohapters in tho state and she exemplified the work and did hevself proud at this time. Addrosses were delivered by H. A. Scott and T. H. Saunders on the life aud character of Brother Robert Morris. Refreshments wero served and all say they bad a nice time. * Buffalo’s County's Fair. Keanxey, Neb, Sept. 1.—[Special Tele- gram to Tik Ber.]—Today the Buffalo county fair begins. Tho new fair grounds are located two miles east of the city botween the two railroads. The buildings, amphi- theater and stables were moved from the old grounds. A half mile track has beon lsid out, which is much better than the old oue, The exhibits were a_iittle slow in coming in today, though the entries numbered 2,300, “The exhibit of fruit, agricultural products ana flowers will bo very fine. About forty norses are here which will compate in an in- teresting sories of races. There are here horses from Minden, Holdrege, Lexington, North Platte und Harlan couuty besides the im- mediate vicinity. Lushton Claims the Prize. N, Nob., Sept. 1.—[Special to Ture Phe Grand Army of the Republic post of this place will start to Graud Island Wednesday, accompanicd by the Lushton opera band of twenty-two pieces. Lushton has a band that any tows: could be proud of, much less a villag of 300 inhabitants. Tho boys have just purchased fine uniforms and will make a great showing with their five clarinets, two Erench horns and other solo instruments, Lushton is proud of her band. Labor Day at ulair. Braiy, Neb., Sept. 1.—[Special Telogram to Tne Bek.|—Labor day was duly observed bere today. A very large delegation was in from the country and the parado was large. A few of the business men made a trados dis play and_soveral of the different grange loages which wero very nice. Mr. O. M. Rem wus the orator.” Lon Vaughan was prosident of the day and Samuel R. Spiker was marshal. Prominent Cuete, Neb., Sept. Ber.|—Dr. Benjamin Exeted and Hot Springs, 8. D., died this morning av the residence of Dr. A. D. Root after_a lingering sickness of consumption Dr. Ioot was # prominent Mason —and well known throughout the state, Funeral Thursday at 2 p. m., undor direction of the Masonic lodge here, pead. 1—(Special to Tur Root, formerly of aso! Suicided at Blair. Bram, Neb., Sept. 1.—[Special to Tue Bek.|—Anton Jurnka, a Gevman, died here at tho Sherwan house last night from mor- v 1. He was a peddlor and lived in Papillion, but seems not to have any fri He'will bo buried here today. In his room was found an empty box which had contained morphine. There will be no in quest hold, Went H WaLLAce, Neb, Sept. 1. pecial Tele- gram to Tuk Bek.]—A trio of Lincoln sports- men, whose names are W. A. Deweose, . A, Maskett and M. W. Wood, went hunting chickens too soon and were arrosted at the instunce of the gun club here, At thoir hear- ing vefore Judge Lenon they were assessod $10 and cost. ing Too 1y Recov Bk, Neb, Sept. 1.—[Special to Tur Bre |--Howard Kiog, the young man who was hit by the Iack Hills passenger traiu going west here Sunday, is improving. Hiy leg was amputated. The circumstances, by bis own story, point to the fact that the acel dent was dic o his own carelessaess m County Wil ¥ Braig, Neb, Sept. 1.—|Speclal to By Phe prospects now are very fatteriug that Washiggton county will be represented in the state advertising train if it proves a success. If tho counly cau get somo good wan to rustle it will not take much of an fort to ruise the Sary mone Washing: Elmwood Aews Notes, Etswoon, Net Speciul Bee. |—A boatir Kro tw ho located hore, John Weber was the n of accldent yesterday, re ¢ a da wound iu the haud frow a dry weed of o Ppolsonous churacter, park and fair 115 are - COLORADO TRAIN ROBBERS. They Hold Up a Rio Grande Passenger and Make a Haul, EXPRESS MESSENGER'S PLUCKY FIGHT, Finally Overpowered and Forced to Open the Safe—One of the Mise sourt Bank Robbers Cap- tured and Lynched Texas Creek, Colo., Sept. 1. The Denver & Rio Grande tran No. 4, from Owdon, was held up four miles west of this station at 11:40 last night by seven masked men and tho oxpross car robbed of about 3,600, None of the passengers wero molested. The night teack walkor was overhauled by the robbers attheend of a curve and compelled to flag tho traw, Torpedoes were placed on ihe track and a red lantern used as a danger sigs nal. Sevoral shots wero fired to frighten the passengers and trainmen, The track walker says thoy all had horses and thinks they came from tho south sido of tho river and \vent. In the direction of Wet. Mountain val- oy, The ongineer and firemen were held up at the points of rifles. Tho fireman was relieved of afine gold watch and was then foreed to pick u lock and break in the door of the bag- gago car under fire from the express mes. senger. Tho mail car doors were' ali broken n, but nothing was taken from the car, Ixpress Mes«enger Angel mado o detor. mined resistance, and used a rovolver ta good ‘advautage, but whether anyono was killed is uot definitely known. The fignt was a fierco one, though it lastea only u fow min utes. * The robbers compeliod the messenger to onen tho safe, from which the robbers took £3,000. A number of citizons aro in pursuit wha havo telegraphed for hounds that have been 1 use in the penitentiary. They will be hur- ried to the scenc on a special train_and put on the trail as soon ns possible. With the offorts boing mado it is thought the robbers cannot eseape. A number of Pinkerion de tectives from Denver havo taken the trail for the scene of the robber LYNCHED ONE OF THE ROBBERS. wry Justice Overtakes a Des; ado in Missouri. Kaxsas Ciry, Mo, Sept, 1.—One of the desperadoes who robbed the Corder, Mo., bank yesterday afternoon, was captured lato last night about twenty miles from Corder, and whilo being taken to Lexingtou a mob of cnraged citizens took the prisoner from the ofticers and lynched him. The robber gave his name us Andrew Murrell. About half the stolen money was found in his possession. “Tho other robber is being closely pursued. - INDUCING PRECIPITATION, Ifforts of M ne and the Gove rent Party to Make Raiy Cuevexse, Wyo, Sept. 1.—Melbourne's offorts at rain-making have been crowned with success. At 2:30 this afternoon a storm suddenly broke forth, contrary to all expec- tations and two hours later there was a heavy rain in accordance with Melvourne's predic- tions.The rainfall extended over a radius of fif- teon to twenty miles around the eity and the ofticial measuroment was one-half inch, The government observer declares there were no premonitions of the coming stormn and thus it was purely local. Another shower is promised 1n a few hours. Those who ware skeptical are now convinced thit there is something in Melbourne's system. The com- mittee having the matter n charge took every precau’ion to obtain a satisfactory test and Observer Ravanscraft rendered important assistance, They say that Melbourne has done what he agreed to. There is a general desire, however, to have further tests under the supcrvision of gov- erument officiuls or experts. Plenty of money cquld be raised here for that purpose. Minraxn, Tex., Sept. 1.—The raintall ex- pedition, which lias been conducti.g the ex- periments at the Chicazo canch, twanty- five ‘miles from this place, will pro- ceed av once to Ll Pas r. John S, Ellis, who is in command of the expedition during General Dyren- furth’s temporary avsence in Washiugton, is making extensive preparotions to have a grand tost at Bl Puso. The mayor and citi- zens of El I’uso have offered to bear all ex- penses of the experiwents, but this offer has only been accepted in part. The smallness of the appropriation under which the rain pro- ducers huve been working compels the ac- coptance of outside help. Many prominent A us have written and to be present to see rain producers make vain, and, from letters received from all over Texas, it is thought a great many people will come, A delegation from southeastern Toxas came to see Mr. Ellis yesterday and offered to ad- vance $5,000 to” pay tho oxpenses of further Governor Hogg is greatly intercsted in the subject and is in corre- spondence with Sceretary Rusk in regard to the continuancs of experiments in this state at the cxpense of the citizens, The rafn- makers will probably go to southwestern Texaus from Bl Paso and continue the experi- neuts there. - DERAWING TO A4 CLOSE. Lestin , Expert and Ot the Davis Will Case Abou Burre, Mont., Sot. 1. —Today’s court pro- cecdings in tho famous Davis will case were of more than ordinary interest and form the subject of considerablo comment. The pro- ponent, John A, Davis, was on the stand, also A, J. Davis of the First National banlk, a nephew of the lats A, J. Davis, who testi- fled thut the signature o the alleged will was genuine, By mutual a ieat of the counsel for the proponents and contestant and with the consent of the court a practical chemical tost of ink in the alloged will took place i the presence of tho court and the jury, Only ono letter in tno body of the will und one letter in cach of the signatures of 1ho attesting witnosses, together with & pors tion of the scroll line under the alleged sig- nature of the late A Davis, were sub- jocted to a chemical The' coutestants through thoir /L. ‘Tolman of Chicago, Da Daniel T, Awes of York ' and Dr William Hugen of Troy, N. Y.— have been testifying and claiming that the will was written with nigrosin ink which was not koown or manufactured until many years subsequent to the date that the instri- ment wus exocuted, They also cluimed that the signature of once, the only living wit- ness to the will was written with iron ink, The tests today were conducted by H. La Tolman, of Chicago, for the contestants while H. H. Hodges of HBoston, late superintendent’ of tests on the Union Pucific system represented the proponents, About oue hour was consumed in making tests and taking tho testimony of the ex pei as to the result. ‘The test proved com clusively und to the satisfaction of 1 cons testants that the testimony given by Hoaves soveral days since that not only tho body of the will, but that all of the signatures were written with logwood ink, which has been inuse for u period of forty years. That opinion was coutivmed today by chemicals and the rescit has caused somewhat of a sens sation. T vt will present tho case to the jury in a few days and it is expectod thay the vesult will b known about the 71k iust. No Fusion Desi Sept. 1 tes Hen al il Cuere, Neb, Snecial to Tur Bre mitles met Tologr: unty this afternoon and des the coun'y convention Septems Iho autendunce wus with the independents n I'ie democratic co cene tral cc cided ta b b s fusion