Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, October 24, 1887, Page 4

THE DAILY BEE. PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. Dally Morning Bdition) including Sunday BEE, One Year. 21l 'or 8ix Months Months. e Omaha Sunda) dress, One Yea . OMAHA OFFICE, N D NEw YORrk Orrice, Room 65, TR 180, WASHINGTON OFrice, NO. TRENTH BTi 1 bl3 Foure REET, CORRESPONDENCE. i 11 communications relati to mews and fitorial matior showld be ddressed to the ITOR OF THE BEK. BUSINESS LETTRRS: ATl bustness letters and remfttances should bs mddressed to THe BEE PUBLISHING COMPANY, OMANA. Drafts, checks and postofiice orders to e made payablé to the order of the company, fue Bee Pubihing Company, Propricturs, {E. ROSEWATER, Epitos. m’.l'llli l);\llJY‘ B[EE. Sworn Statement of Circulation, Btate of Nebraskn, 1y 4 Jounty of Douglas. d Joo. B, Taschuck, secretary of The Tiee Pub- company, does solemnly swear that the circulation of the Daily Bee for the week Oct, 21, 1857, was as follow Baturday, (;cl anda; Honday, Oct 17, esday, Oct, 18 Wednesday, Oct. 10, ;’Imrmln{y. Oct, 20, Friday, Oct. 21 Average... > Gro. B. Sworn toand subscribed in my prese nd day of October, A. D, 187, = % N, P. FEIL, (SRAL) Notary Public State of Nebraska, County of Douglas, Geo. B.‘lzschuck, being first duly sworn, de- oses and says that he is secretary of The Bee Puilishing company, that the actual averaio duily circulation of the Daily Bee for the month of October, 1686, 12080 coples; for November, for_Doecember, 1 3 887, 16,266 coples: }n, (3 3,257 for Feb- 7, 14,198 o for March, 1887, 14,400 April, 1557, 14,316 coples: for M 1887, 14,227 coples; for June, 1887, 14,147 (‘N:p for July, 1847, 14,00 coples; for August, 1887, 151 coples; for September, 1857, 14, 9 coples. GEO. B. T28CHUCK. fworn to and subscribed in Inp]!r('nvm'fl this oth dny of October, A. D, 1887, . P. FEIL, (SEAL, Notary Pubilc. ch Ty, 1 Hples Sr. Lovisis a ¢ tional democratic convention. That slow-going city is good enough for the democrats to meet in. DBut the repub- licans should convene in the most en- terprising of American cities. So let thém come to Omana. THE deficit of the United Stutes post- office department decreases rapidly year by year, and the time is probably not distant when it will cease altogether. For 1886 the deficit was $7,000,000. This year it is about half that sum. Penny letter postage is almost in sight. SARPY county’s democratic bass-wood senator is said to be actively at work for would: be Judge Hancock. Campbell is evidently trying to pay back the debt which he owes to Hancock for support- ing him last fall. Hancock as a judge would probably be on a par with Camp- bell as & senator—a sort of Injun in front of a tobacco store. Mz, C. P. HUNTINGTON has imitated the example of his companion in rob- bery, Leland Stanford, by building a chapel at his native place in Connecti- cut. If these two worthies think they can thus build themselves sanctuaries futo which they may flee from the wrath of judgment day, they will proba- bly find themselves much mistaken. TaRE Brotherhood of Locomotive En- gineers who met in convention at Chi- cago last week gained respoct by their earnest discussions over the best meth- ods to ensure the safety of the traveling public. Theircalling is one of the most responsible ones, and the railroad com- panies should encourage them more than they do in their efforts to secure the maximum of safety for their patrons. THE Manitoba road has put in opera- tion its two-dollar rate to Great Falls. The Northern Pacific has not yet met the cut, but will probably do so. The Union Pacific is in a sad quandary. To follow suit will be the killing of the goose that has so long been laying golden eggs, and to resist will also be disastrous. The prospect is for a lively rattling among the monopolistic bones. THERE is a great deal of diphtheria prevalent in the eastern cities, the dreaded disense being almost epidemic in some localitics. Quite generally the per cent. of mortality is very high, in- dicating unusual malignancy. Medical science has as yet attained to only a very limited knowledge regarding tho causes and the treatment of this dis- ease, which frequently -appears under conditions that invalidate all precon- ceived theories and thwartsall accepted methods of treatment. Srch being the fact it seems almost useless to suggest means of prevention, but what all par- ents should do is to acquaint them- selves with the symptoms of the dis- ease and the moment they are mani- fested seck a physician., Timely treat- ment is of the very greatest importance in a case of diphtheria, which makes its disastrous progress with fearful celerity. THE cabal of Washington correspond- ents who are at odds with Commissioner Sparks would hail nothing with greater gratification than they would his retire- ment from office. Their efforts to break him down in popular confidenee have been persistent, but without success, yet they have not abandoned him. It is now reported that he has been asked to resign, owing to the want of har- mony between ho and the secretary of the interior, and that the president had acquiesced. The report hedges, how- ever, by remarkifig that & personal con- ference of the president and commis- sioner may change the situation. There is every reason to believe that the pres- ident has the fullest confidence in the integrity of General Sparks, and that it would require a very strong pressure to induce him to ask or consent to his retirement. He has unquestionably made mistakes, but the fact remains to his credit, overshadowing all errors, that he has boen vigilant and faithful in the interests of the government and the people, and we do not believe that the president, with the full knowledge of this, would consent to his retirement except for more urgent reasons l_hnn ave stated in the report from Washing- ton regurding the demand for General Sparks’ resignation, Voluntary Contributions. If the chairmanof the state demo- cratic committee of Towa, in appealing to the federal offico-holders for “volun- tary contributions” to the campaign fund, supposed that he could proceed with his plan without exposure he was mistaken. Not only was his scheme dis- covered, but it has been made the text in several easteyn papers of homilies upgqn this method of evading the law enncted to shield the office-holder from the old asecesment system, which it happened to be the fate of Jay Hubbell to render especially odious. One of the papers that have commented upon Mr. Hunter’s plan of securing political alms, which seems to have been quite success- ful if the report thaut twenty thousand dollars have been con- tributed is true, philosophically re- marks: ‘It is evident that the politi- cians of both sides are going to bleed the office-holders when and how they can.” There can be no doubt of this, and the only question is whether the man who holds the office is any better off under the *‘voluntary contribution” system than he was when the “stand and deliver” policy was in vogue. The law provides that no federal office-holder'shall be assessed orrequired to make any contribution for a political purpose, and that his refusal to make such a contribution if called upon shall not be to his prejudice. Persons hold- ing an office are forbidden to pay to or receive from another office-holder any political contribution. But all this was no obstacle to the chairman of the Towa democratic com- mittee. The law imposed no restraint upon him, and having appealed to the party loyalty of the office-holders, ex- plained the necessity that existed for aid to pay obligations contracted and further the campaign, quoted from the prosident to assure them that they were not deprived of all political privileges, and reminded them that they were en- joying the fruits of victory, he set forth the amount which each was expected to deliver up according to the office he held. This telling & man how much is wanted of him does not appear to be quite consistent with the idea of a voluntary contribution, but it probably suits the democratic construction of that idea, especially where, as in Towa, it is of the greatest importance to get funds. There appears to have been, us we have already said, & prompt and generous response to the appeal, The old system of enforced contribu- tions for political purposes was unques- tionably bad, and it was well to prohibit it. Butit is a question whether the law goes as far as it should either for the protection of the office-holder or for the correction of the assumed evil in- volved in allowing the servants of the whole people to aid by the money carned in that relation the cause of a political party. It is certain that politi- cal contributions will continue to be made by office-holders until there isa law absolutely prohibiting them, and this would perhaps be going farther than any one would approve. Facts From the Tariff. Facts are what the people require to convince theig of the extent and reality of the exaction to which they are sub- jected by the high duties of the tariff on articles of nocessity. Not everybody can comprehend the abstract arguments on’ this subject, with their admixture of sophistry, obtuse technicalities, and misrepresentations,but, given the naked facts, the simplest intelligence can understand them. For all such at least Mr. J. S. Moore, with whom the tariff is a constant study, has done & com- mendable service in preparing a state- ment from the official returns of 1886 of the duties from fifty per cent. upward on articles of general use and necessity. The statement embraces about one hundred and fifty articles, of which we shall note only a few, or such as are among the prime necessities of the wholo people. These are: Per Cent of Duty. Common woolen cloth costing 6lc per d 91.95 0L47 82.18 Woolen manufactures not costing over 80 cents per pound abroad. Woolen dress ods costi) yard abroud Woolen sha abroad.... Bl ed cotton cloth costing 6o square Co) otton cloth costing 6c square yard Woolen blankets costing 26c per pound... Woolen blankets costing 8¢ per pound. .. Flannels costing not over 80¢ per poun Flannels costing not over 40 per poun Flannels costing over K per pound. Woolen hosiery not costing oves ‘pound. over Ho per pound. . Manufactures of wool not over e per poun Wool blankets vafued over dlo per pound.. 2 Wool blankets valued above 4lc ‘and’ 1ok over te perpound.............. . Wool blankets above 8o per pound Woolen cloth valued over #c per Mixed woolen costing square yard. % Samo costing Ho square yard. Flunnels costing 40c & pound. Flannels costing 63c a pound Wool hiats costing less than 'Wool iats costing o and not over 8o pound........... Wool hats costing oOver 86 & poun §pool thread. Common cott: square yard. 3 Woolen losiery Vaited above il and not over 40 & pound... s Ready-mado clothing, The average duty on woolen hosiery, dress goods and other manufactures of wool is over 67 per cent, the highest rates being upon those qualities which enter into most general useor are in de- mand by the masses of the people. The average duty on cotton cloth is a little over 58 per cent, and it is about the same on cotton yarn. The table of Mr. Moore does notincludeany article which pays a less duty than fifty per cent, and we have selected only those which sup- ply the everyday wants of the whole people. The duties on iron and steel in its various forms for use, on numerous minerals, and on some other articles which belong in the list of necessities, we do not refer to, for the reason that they are not essential topoint the moral which we desire to draw. That simply and obviously is that in every home of the Jand the clothing that covers the in- mates by day and shelters them at night has paid an enormous tax, not required by the wants of the government, and which has enabled the owners of woolen and cotton mill corporations, syndicates and trusts to reap great profits and grow rich, powerful and deflant. Itis a rea- sonable estimate that if the duties on the articles we have enumerated were %8 22 82833 258 2 3 2 kee2z 8 56.23 56.90 5 08.80 53.91 rednuced by one-half, the saving to the people would exceed one hundred million dollars a year, and a fair profit still be left for the manufacturers. This enor- mous exaction, which to the majority of the people isseverely oppressive, cannot be longer justified and should not be permitted to continue. It is a mockery of the rightoous demand of the people for relief to talk of free tobacco and whisky while everything that man, womsn and child must wear is out- rageously taxed for the benefit of a fow manufacturers. Revision of the tarift should not stop with the reduction of the duties on these prime necessaries of life, but it might properly begin with them. The figures carry their own argument, and no intelligent and un- prejudiced man will fail to be convinced by it. i 2R MORE than two months ago Mayor DBroatch nominated a park commis- sioner. The council had the nomination referred to a committee, and the com- mittee having failed to report within thirty days, the nomination is politely rejected. Such a rejection is about of the same nature as a pocket veto. The charter is very clear on this point. Sec- tion 143, which relates to the appoint- ment of city officers, says: “Upon the failure or refusal of the council to con- firm any of said appointments, it shall be the duty of the mayor on the first Tuesday of each month thereafter to make other appointments for such of- fices as the appointees thereto be not confirmed, and 8o continue until ap- proved by the council.” It will be the duty of Mayor Broatch on the first Tues- day in November to nominate a new park commissioner, and if the council pockets that nomination or rejects the nominee, he will have to send in an- other name on the first Tuesday in De- cember, and continue from month to month until one of his appointees as park commissioner is confirmed. ———— ACCORDING to the Herald Mr. Need- hamis responsible for all the disorder in the court hguse. and especially for the failure to have the county commis- sioners’ proceedings conducted in & busi- ness way and promptly recorded. We take issue with the Herald on that point. The commissioners have supreme au- thority in county affairs, and it 18 their duty to conduct them according to ap- proved business methods. They employ a special clerk to attend their meetings and record their proceedings. If they were in the habit of doing business as it should be done they would have that clerk make a fullrecord of every motion, resolution and vote, and they would dis- chargo him if he failed to keep up his records. Mr. Needham, it is true, is the county clerk, but as the business of attending commissioners’ meeting has been taken out of his hands he cannot be held responsible for what isdone or for what is neglected. AT the grand mass meeting of demo- cratic Bohemians in the Second ward eloquent speeches were made in pure Bohemian by George Guy, Gustave Beneke, George Timme,John C. Drexel, P. J. Corrigan, M. D. Roche, L. M. An- derson, and other loading Bohemians of the democratic persuasion. The wheel- horse of democratic Bohemians, Ed Moriarty, made a most brilliant speech in behalf of the Jefferson precinct mileage grabber, who prides himself on standing up bravely against the domin- eering Irish. JUDGE COBB may be an ardent ad- mirer of the bdrilliant legal attain- ments of Mr. Ballou, but the Third district bar and the intelligent citizens of Omaha put him down asa sevonth- rate lawyer. This is one of the in- stances in which the judgment of the sovereign voter overrules the opinion of the supreme court. STATE AND TERRITORY, Nebraska Jottings. Fremont is preparing for {ree mail de- livery. The Democrat starts the bawl for a court house in Hastfngs. Thirty residents of Keokuk, Ia., are about to move to Red Cloud. The Presbytery of Niobrara attacked the wicked in O’Neill last week. A _ squash weighing 110 nds is a candidate for admiration in Holt county. Schuyler is preparin| lans for a ‘blowout in honor olp:he 3 g M. at that point. Schuyler isthe haymarket of the state. Over one hundred men are employed in the business. The canning factory at Seward is fill- ing up on sauerkraut. It will tackle limberger next. George Washington Fox, hotel keerer at Wisner, has skipped out, having plucked all the geese in the vincinity. The Fremont bridge over the Platte is so weary of the job that it will move out on the first encouraging sign of spring. ‘*Give Us a Rest” is the title of a lec- ture to be delivered in Hastings to- night. It is believed to be a polite hint to the Missouri Pacific bond agitator. “God’s own nobleman” is running loose for office in Sherman county. The taxpayers should see to it thai he is kept at a safo distance from the treasury. The Arapahoe Public Mirror r flectingly says: ‘““The Omaha BEE is the leading newspaper of the west and deserves the success it is meeting with,” The seventeen-year-old son of Mr. Honzycka, a Bohemian farmer, livin, about eight miles from Niobrara, acci- dently shot his sister. It was the old story of an “‘unloaded” gun. A single dose of Wilbur whisky silenced the rattle ot a snake recently, The common belief that the juice of the corn produced snakes is thus shown to be the invention of an enemy. The C. L. Hutchinson Packing and and Provision company, capital $25,000, has been incorporated under the laws of the state to operate the packing house recently purchased at Nebraska City. The Wood River Gazette is one of the enthusiastic admirers of the growth of the metropolis, and quotes the clearance records of the banks to prove that the progress of Omaba is a reflex of that of the state. North Platte and Lincoln county will give the bridge bond question another bout on election day. ql‘ho proposition submitted is to vote $60,000 in bonds to build five bridges over the Platte river und branches. George Webb and Mr. Morton, two young men, were assaulted in Blair bs the Ketchmarks, father and son, an shockingly beateu by means of clube or slung shots. Webb's condition is seri- ous. His face and head were battered and hisskull punctured. A fifty-two-pound catfish is the latest roduct of the murmuring Platte. The ast basked on the sand bars in Kearney county, and had feathered his nest with the fattest of pullets from neighboring henroosts. Ho was lassoed by an editorial hunting party from Lincoln after a severe mental struggle. The York Democrat ungallantly re- fers to the pedal development of Omaha Firll as being gauged by the size of the hams from the packing houses. In this respect they differ from the daughters of York,whose undorstanding is limited, but nature fell upon their mouths with o butcher’s clever and left them open- ings that are a perpetual menace to their ears. Quite a political sensation was created in Papillion last week by the report that the Times would repudiate the bum judicial ticket and hoist the non- E:ruzan. The report was too good to true, and a delegation made a raid on the Times sanctum to investigate. The editor modestly refused to declare himself, but invited the callers to name their stimulant. A picayune_ spy, sailing under the name of O. S. Wilson of Butte, Montana, dropped down on Sutton last week and began hunting a business location. He circulated freely about town, emptied geveral social glasses with business men and at the close of ten days blossomed out as a prosecutor of saloons. Several warrants were issued against respect- able men for violating the quart bottle ordinance, but the climate became so warm for Wilson that he departed sud- denly, leaving his cowardly omrloyurs to prosecute and pay his board bill. The Rapid City Journal thus lectures the metropolis: ‘A gentloman from Omaha states that the action of the English tin commission recently en* gaged in investigation of the the tin re- sources of the Black Hills have been eagerly watched throughout Nebraska, and the merchants of Omaha and the people of the state genorally are look- ing forward to a time when they may secure some of the benefits cortain to sult from the cstablishment of a great tin producing idustry. It is about time the business people of Omaha should open their eyes to the fact that this re- gion offers a good field for their enter- prise to penetrate. As yot the metrop- olis of Nebraska has shown but little energy in this direction.” Towa Ttems. Calliope’s new 75-barrel roller mill is ready for business. ‘Work has commenced on the union depot at Ottumwa. ‘ A woman’s exchange is a new institu- tion in Burlington, Professional burglars done a very profitabie business at Grinnell last week. Tho coal companies at What Cheer are digging and shipping 150 carloads a day. The school population of Charles City is 1,163, of whom 570 are boys and 598 girls. The Janesville factory made 85,000 pounds of butter during the month of September. The Tibbles sowing machine com- pany is still flirting with Des Moines and Burlington and working up a bonus rivalry. The forty-sixth annual meeting of the Towa Baptist state convention, convened at Osage Thursday and remains in ses- sion six days. “‘Old Zion,” the first brick Methodist church built in Jowa, loeated at Bur- lington, has recently been transformed into a theater. The Shenandoah normal college which now has 457 students in attend- ance, is said to be the largest private school in Towa. The grand order of horse thief ex- tinguishers met in Des Moines last week and examined the latest styles of hemp and slip knots. The school population of Linn county is 13,924, an increase of 839 over last year. The average salary paid to male teachers is $41.78 per month, and to fe- males $27.25. At Dubuque two women presented themselves twice and asked to have their names registered as electors. They were refused. At Des Moines they are, however, allowed to register. | Rev. Dr. Burrell, formerly of Du- ‘buque, obtains a salary of $5,000 as pas- tor of the Westminster Presbyterian church at Minneapolis, “When the Lord calls, so liberally must we obey.” The work of sinking the artesian well in the court house square at Des Moines has been indefinitely suspended. The contractor has thrown up his contract ;n disgust. The well is down about 130 cot. The drouth of the past summer has, no doubt, in the long run, been a great benefit to Towa. Hundreds of acres of land have been drained, many artesian wells dug, and also gas discovered, all the result of the dry season. John E. Buckner, a baggage agitator on the Milwaukee road, has been jailed at Elk Point on the charge of bigamy. Last February he married a daughter of ‘William Belky, of Union county, while a wife and throe children longed for his presence in Kansas. He was preparing to take wife No. 1 to Montana, but wife No. 2 and a warrant spoiled the arrange- ment. The monthly Bulletin for October, the official publication of the Iowa board of health, expresses surprise at the large number of deaths occurring in Iowa from diseases of the respiratory organs —bronchitis, pneumonis and consump- tion. They are not as common nor so fatal as in the older states, but more H‘ruvulunm than there is necessity for. hey are largely attributable to ex- posure when the body is loast able to endure a marked fall in the tempera- ture. Dakota. Aberdeen is talking for a creamery. The Illinois Central is building a large depot in Sioux Falls. Jamestown is the see city of the Catholic diocese of north Dakota. Fifty thousand dollars’ worth of prop- erty at Park river was destroyed by fire last week. The new opera house at Watertown will be dedicated November 14. Emma Abbott will occupy the pulpit. The farmers of Nelson county have formed a pool and propose to sell their grain this year in_a lump. They have 135,000 bushels and will sellto the high- est bidder. They think it wlll go to Duluth, but Minneapolis or Chicago can have it by bidding higher. oo Hode Lol BUM BARRISTERS. The Press of the District on the Re- publican Judicial Ticket. The Blair Pilot says: “The repub- licans made a very great blunder in the selection of candidates for the judi- ciary, as well as in their treatment of the committees from the bar meecting and the democratic convention. The action of the convention was most dis- courteous to the gentlemen composing those committees in refusing to receive them. But little better could be ex- pected of a convention that would ad- mit such a blatherskite as Paul Vander- voort to sit as a delegate, and permit a smirking Uriab Heep of & fraud like Osborn to preside over itsdelibe! Judge Hopewell has given sat! faotion during his brief oocumn‘? of the gositlon. and was recommonded by the bar for re-election. Ballou is not a lawyer of any standing at the bar, and is a chronic office hunter, no more fit for judge than a hog isfor a Latin school. Hancock is said to be a young lawyer at Papillion, and is not known outside of the village he lives in.” The Rowdy Rump. Plainview Gazette: ‘‘The Third dis- trict republican convention, held at Omaha, have put un a ticket that will meet with a Waterloo next November. It was a packed convention of the rowdy element of the party, led on by the shyster who runs the Omaha Repub- lican. Somo of the delegates left the convention in disgust.” A Judicial Jumble. Blair Republican: “On_a trial of strength (in the convention) it soon ap- peared that the most disreputable ele- ment of the republican party, repre- sented by such leaders as Pat O. Hawes and L. S. Estelle had majority control, and would force partisan nominations in their own interest. All overtures from the bar committee and the democratic convention to compromise on & non- partisan ticket were trnmgled upon,and the demagogues proceeded to nominate o ticket, which, while it may be par- tially composed of reputable candidates, is a gross violation of the best senti- ment of this district, an insult to the bar and the people. If successful they will owe their election to the bummer ele- ment of Douglas county, The ticket is Ballou, Estelle, Hopewell and Hancock. ‘Washington county has the best of rea~ sons for repudiating the most disgrace- ful ticket ever made, considering all the circumstances and the amount of talent ;:d integrity at the command of the r. ‘The Judicial Convention. Valley Enterprise: Therepublican ju- dicial convention, which met in Omaha on Monday, was not an altogether har- monious gathering. The first ‘‘kick” was upon the proposition to permit Pat O. Hawes to represent Mr. Wiley, an absent delegate. Notwithstanding that the recent county convention made pro- visions that prohibited the admission of proxy delegates, and requiring absent delegates to be representedonly by duly appointed alternates, Mr. Hawes was seated., The democratic judiciary con- vention sent a committee to confer with the republican convention, asking the nomination of Judge Wakeley, & non- I»artisan rmdsopulnrjudgo. herepub- icans refused to allow the committeo to address them. A committee from the Bar association, also recommending the nomination of Judges Wnkel? Groft and Hopewell, was also snubbe In like manner., A motion was made that three nomi- nations only be made, thus leaving the fourth place open for Judge Wakeley, which was lost. ‘W. G. Whitmore, of Valley, made an earnest plea to leave the fourth place vacant, but the plea was of no avail, and the convention nominated the following four candidates: Ballou, of Douglas; Estelle, of Douglas; Hopewell, of Burt, and Hancock* of Sarpy. A Blunder. The Wahoo Wasp says the republican convention blundered in refusing to en- dorse a non-partisan ticket,and predicts the election of Wakeley, Groff and Hopewell, Hooting For Hancock. The Springfield (Sarpy county) Mon- itor urges voters to support Hancock, not becauso of any known qualifications for the position, but being a Sarpy county man his election would be an honor equalled only by the triumph of Senator Campbell. The record of the latter in the legislature consisted of drawing his pay, answering the roll call and voting against the known wishesof his constituents and in favor of every monoPoly. His timely illness and respect for his family preventod him from being the recipient of a cont of tar and feathers. tions. Srotmerae INTERESTING FACTS. Statistics About the Pullman Palace Car Company. The annual meeting of the Pullman Palace car company was held in Chicago October 13, and President Pullman, in addressing the meeting, supplemented the annual report with the following general information: During the fiscal year a numberof con- tracts have been renewed, notably the Mis- souri Pacific entire system, and the Grand Trunk railway, of Canada, which, together with contracts made with roads not hereto- fore embraced in the system of this com- pany cover & mileage of 14,664 miles, making he total mileago of existing contra cts 81,- 884 miles, an increase during the year of 8,804 mil g : The conditions at Pullman are very satis- factory. The population is now 10,081 against 9,013 one year ago. The population of the region immediately surrounding Pullman is also rapidly growing. Hyde Park statistics show that 15,000 reside within a radius of one mile of the Pullman Arcade against 18,500 one year ago. The beneficial effects of good homes and surrounding excellent market facilities, coupled with steady work at wages, and the absence of all delet- erious influences, are apparent in the filnan- cial prosperity of the people, as shown by the increase in the mvln%s deposits, which are §223,059, against $144,022 one year ago. The total payment to workmon at Pullman dur- ing the year was $2,838,547; average number of operatives, 4,017; ave earnings per operative, $601, as against §656 for the pre- vious year. Negotiations are pending for tho establish- ment at Pullman of_important works for the manufacture of fabrics, which will employ female operatives. The soveral industrics there now are the Pullman Car works proper, the Union Foundry and Car Wheel works, the Allen Paper Car Wheel works, the Calumet Paintcompany, the Pullman Iron aud Steel company, th gua and wator works, the brick works, the Pullman Rail- road, Terra Cotta Lumber company and the Chicago Drop Forge and Foundry; the latter company has recently arranged for the ro- moval of its cutlery department from Cleve- land, which will bring to Pullman & number of additional workmen. To meet the demands of increasing popula- tion, fifty-two tenoments have just been com- pleted, all of which are occupied, at a rental of from 89 to $11 per month. = Eighty-one ad- ditional tenements are in process of ercction, and will be ready for occupancy within a few wecks. _Total number of tenements at Pull- man, 1,793, As a'matter of further information, it may bo stated that the total number of persons employed by this company in its operating and manufacturing department is 9,066} wages paid during the year, §5,044,083.62; number of cars employed, 1.260; number o miles ‘run, 102,204,504; passengers carried during year, 8,085,242 value of manufactured product of car works, $6,352,804.14; other In- dustries at Pullman, $2,505,805.75. ‘The records of the health office of the vil- lage of Hydo park show that ninety certifi- catos of death at Pullman were issued for the year ending October 10, 1557. This s & rate of nine per thousand, ‘while the death rate of American cities averaged twenty-two and onc-half_per thousand. The excellent sanitary conditions there are attracting much attention from scientific men, who have made them & study, and information upon the drainage, sewerage and water supply Is in constant request. e Sixty-two years ago on September 10, Col, S. D, Button, of Cuthbert, Ga., sailed ouj from the mouth of the Potomae river on board the United States frigate Brandywine, for Havre, France, to carry General Lafay- ette home from his last visit to the United States. Colonel Botton was at that time u midshipinan in the United States navy, He is now in his eighty-second year, but s vig- 0rous as most wen at sixty, THE INSTITUTIONS OF RUSSIA. Despotism and Official Cruelty Still Existing. THE CAPITAL OF THE EMPIRE. A Study of the Crar—Nihilism—Diplo- matic Offices—The Money-Chang- ers—An American's View of the Empire. ST. PETERSBURG, Oct. 13, —[Corre- spondence of the DEr.]J—Russian des- potism and official cruely is to-day all that it has been during the past cen- tury. The changes time has wrought have been only in the forms of applica- tion; the aims and ends are the same. Alexander III continues to hold, as did Ivan the Terrible, that the people are the servants of the czar, instead of the ruler being the servant of the people. The order of common sense and justice, 08 nowhere else on the face of the earth, is reversed. Less is known of Russia, both inside and outside the empire, than of any other country yet discovered, but a great deal has been written about it and pub- lished in every language. In some countries the reading people think they know all about Russia, and have a very exalted opinion about it, while in others the effect of reading has led the people to despise not only Russia as a country, but the inhabitants and all who have to do with governing it. Most that I read of Russia in America and learned in England was apocryphal. Even the misled me, and those who had vis- ited the country could render little ns- sistanco in telling me where to begin and whore to end my journey. ‘When, a fow weeks ago in New York, I determined to visit Russia and called upon some acguaintances for informa- tion on the subject I was to investigate, I was told that my trip would certainly be one of great pleasure and supremo delight, and the stories concerningth o DESPOTISM OF RUSSIA weroe false; that I need have no fear of dungeon horrors and Siberia, and that I should proceed with the same delibera- tion and uninterruption I would traverse any other portion of the continent. At London my English friends looked aghast, and declared that I took my life in my hands when Ientered Russia, and remonstrated against it. The English know more of the country, the customs and the alleged laws, I find, than the Americans; but being more excitable and prejudiced, they are less likcl{ to do justice to the subject. The English have said and done s0 much against Russia that, as a genoral rule, they do not receive the fow civilities and privi- leges granted strangers, and itis not strange that in London one hears so 80 much about Russian affairs. After a fortnight’s sojourn in the region of the capital of the empire, I am constrained to believe that very lit- tlo injustice could be done the govern- mont were one to_write it all down as diabolical and bad, for I have been un- able as yet to discover a single act or design intended to ameliorate the tyranny and burdens the people bear. I thought it quite exacting to have my pus‘e»wrt vised by the Russian minister at Washington, or the consul at the })o'mt where I entered the country, be- ore I could see Russion soil, when a assport, plain and simple, is requircd rn no other country a man visits in all Europe; but. when I learned that even the natives of Russ}iu‘vlnust lL.ulm out a passport every year and have it regu- larly vised by the local officer before they are exempt from contempt of the emperor, I concluded that strangers were quite as well favored as the czar’s own subjects. The object in requiring natives to have passports 1s revenue, while aliens are put to this troublo and expenso for the purpose of inducing them to stay out of Russia. All Russians must be naturalized if they remain in the country, and their passports, which cost them ten roubles a year (about a?.sO),is cvidence of their naturaliza- tion. The principal study I am making in Russia is PERSONAL TO THE CZAR, and comes under the title of despotism and nihilism—the disease and romede'. I have seen the czar, czarina, the family all of the ruler, together with the brothers and grand dukes remote, and will write of these terrorisms later on. At tho frontier the stranger encoun- ters little in the forms different from other countries. The modes of inspect- ing baggage and withstanding personal scrutiny do not vary greatly from the usual, But as everything in Russia is distinetly Russian, and therefore exceed- ingly strange, the most experienced traveler is possessed of a sense of con- cern if mot fear. The through trains from Vienna, Berlin and other popular points of departure for Russia, land one on the {rontier at night. The place is small and the sta- tion swarms with Russian officers, big, burly fellows, with swarthy, unintelli- ent faces covered with long, flowing genrda, and all dressed in the most elab- orate uniforms. There is a clanking of swords, & rattle of spurs, a din of voices and a rushing hither and thither that is appalling. Timid women traveling alone have been overcome with fear or lost their heads in this bustle. The gendarme in charge is the first officer who approaches the incomer. This is the highest ranking military official, and he takes up the passports. He is arrayed like a Napoleon—a broad- mpvd cap of red, whi te and black; dark-green frock coat, trimmed with white and docked with brass epaulets woighing unds; & huge belt and a sword, which is hung to strike the ground at every step and rattle like musl(ctry;dpanmloonn with a deep white stripe and tucked in knee-top boots; spurs of enormous proportions, and a revolver of sufficient size to gun for buffalo. The passports and gendarme disappear in the direction of the office of the Russian consul, where the docu- ments are examined. On the heels of this diplomatic officer come the CUSTOMS LACKEYS, who, without ceremony or invitation, pick up the satchels, bags and bllll("(‘.fl! exclaim in Russian, ‘‘custom-house! and put out. The traveler ln]lnwn. He finds his trunks aiready on the counters inside the station, and if they are un- locked they are open and the contents are being ‘dumped on the floor. The terror to the Russian government is printed matter. Every newspaper, cir- cular or book found is taken out and sent to the gendarme or consul, If any- thing about free government, free schools, or other free institutions; criti- cism of Russia or her form of govern- ment is found it is retained; and should it appear among the possibilities that the bearer has any design upon the Rus- sian way of doing things, he or she is retained for examination. It does not appear in history or tradition that per- sons ‘‘detained” have ever proven their missions clear. They simply have been heard of no more. A Londoner who had a couple of runks displayed his English blood by stopping behind the long counter when his baggage was pulled out of the wire cage where it stays till opened, and be- ginning to unlock it. The officers snatched the keys from the traveler’s hands and pushed him back in line with others. When the trunks were opened the Englishman paid for his for wardnoss b‘ sooing his goods dumped out on the floor and everything mussed and left for him to care for. There was no complaint, To complain means to detain, for the Russian officers are as suspicious as they are officious. All stand in_together, and they have such unlimited license that oue isat their merey. 1f nothing objectionable is found in the printed mattor it is returned to the owner. The oxamination of baggage progresses. I tried to anticipate the of- ficers as much s ible, and havin loft my trunk in Paris, eagerly opened my sachels. The pockets of my gar- ments wore turned wrong side out, let- ters were squeezed, a traveling cap ditto and socks, which were turned in }\lguthur, were pulled out and looked uto. Heore he encountered MONEY CHANGERS, who were evidently direct lineal dee scendants of those who were cast out of the temple at Jerusalem during the timo of our Redeemer, I had seen money-changers at other frontier places, but none like these. No sooner had 1 emerged from the customs rooms to the adjoining restaurant for a cup of the famous Russian tea, than the brace of money-changers approached me. Both above six fectin height, thoy wore black robes which came to their feet, and black crowns, giving them an ecclesins. tical appearence. One was probably seventy years old, while the other was pushing three score and ten. Both wore the patriarchal beard—one full white, the other as densoly black as it was long. They were inseperable, and their black eyes flashed behind far-ex- tending foreheads and their large, sin- ful mouths trembled and quivered under the great beaked noses, as they simply extended their hands well filled with paper roubles and chuckled in so- licitation. Fortunately I had procured a sufliciency of Russinn money of m; banker at Vienna and did not suffer the discount of from 1 to 5 per cent at tha hands of the money-changers, who fre- quently rob the unsophisticated traveler to an alarming extent. Trains entering or emerging from Russia do not pretend to respect their time-card, for the reason that thoy are often detained on the frontier. Two hours are always taken, howover, being the time required for examining baggage and pm‘m-w, long or short. On this occasion the train was light and the baggage was soon inspected. But the passengers were not per- mitted to resume their place in the train. As soon as they escaped the cus- toms officers they were led into the ad- joining restaurant, men, women and children,where wereall classes of people in overy condition. All outer doors were locked and were guarded by offi- cers. Timid, delicate women hovered in the corners and waited for the end of the two hours, while half-intoxicated Russians crowded about, smoking nasty cigars or drinking steaming tea at the tables. In all the multitude of Greeks, Slavs, Persians, Swedes, Russians, Ger- mans, not an English voice was heard; and seldom did one see & man who could interpret even a sign. The women were more ready and bright and divined the wishes of travelors more ramlil{. Finally & Russian rushed like mad from the station and began ringin, bell. There was commotion inside. The bell ringer moved up and down the long platforn and made much unneces- sary noise. The doors wore unlocked and the passengers passed out, an ofii- cer being ready to sce that each parcel bore the stamp of the custom house. An bour and a half of unnecessary, dis- agreeable waiting made one appreciate the chilly Atmosphere, even in August, Just before the train started a jingle of spurs and sabers was heard, and two gendarmes n‘!) ared. Thoy entered the carriages and handed out the passports. Each passport bore a simple and short signature—that of the consul or gover- nor—and the seal of the officer. Two or three passengers did not receive their passports because the documents wore not vised, and they were obliged to re- main and explain, As tho train rollod on from the fron- tier toward ‘WARSAW AND 8T. PETERSBURG the proverb, ‘‘The gates of Russia are wide to those who enter, but narrow to those who would go out,” lingered in my mind as it recounted the scene be- hind me. The American voyageur is quite as much impressed with the quaintness of the country and the re- markable character of the people when he arrives at Cracow or Warsaw (tho latter the old capital of Poland), now the subjeot of Russia, as he is with any other part of the country. The charac- teristics of the Poles, so far as the con- struction of a city goes, are as far at variance with the English or American as those of the Russinns. Strange old buildings, covered with crazy charao tors and pictures, broad, = roughly houldored streets, filled with droskies the prevalent mehicle, and the most, remarkable Fibl)uriug by the people, make one feel that anything is possible in this country. The face of Russia is like Wisconsin, less the lukes and beautiful streams; northorn Michigan, without the largest pine trees, and New Mexico, with the absonco of warmth. The pineries are stunted, the fields covered with wheat— in havvest during August—and the vil- lages are of small wooden buildings, covered with straw. Nowhere is there architecture, taste or cleanliness dis- played, whilo everywhere muy be scen )ILI'{\SH'II:HIB, traces of ignorance and downright brutality. The ad- vancement of the country may be illustrated in the statement that, though Russia is one of the great- est in whoat producing. the cereal is sown broadcast, harvested with the sicklo, threshed with the flail, and three-fourths of the work is done by the women. The forestsare infested with wolves and other wild animals; the fields when not covered with wheat are carpeted with Jean-Marie, with ayellow rattle and a plume of blue leaves at the top. Mushrooms and all the fungi of a cool climate are seen, and one’s bowild- erment incroases as the slow train goes farther and farther into the empire. P. S, HEATH. Americans vs. Englishmen. London Times. A glance at the work on ‘“American Yachts and Yachting,” which has lately been published with copious illustrations, by Messrs, Cassell will show what {mmcm«s pains and skill the Americans devote to the art of building fast sailing vessels, The truth is that with them yacht rac- ing is even more a serious and absorb- ing pursuit than it is with Englishmen, and when an American do- votes himself to a task of prac- tical skill he is apt to be hard to beat in it. Americans have not so many outdoor pursuits as we have, but such as they have they take very seri- ously. They have given us the best fishing-rods, and their skill in casting the fly would put our best anglerson their mettle. They can shoot and they can ride in their own way as well as the best of us, as the “Wild West” has shown. We can hold our own in row= ing, but they beat us in sailing. They are beginning to compete with usin horse-racing, and in trotting matches they have no rivals. They are nowhere besides us in cricket, but the skill in base ball, a game which has a science of its own, is marvellous.