Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, October 24, 1887, Page 3

| i 3 & P THE GREAT AMERICAN DESERT The Wonderful Transformation That Has Taken Place in 20-Years. GENERAL MORROW'S ADDRESS. Full Text of His Speech at the Chey- enne County Fair Held at Sidney—The Great Won- ders of Time. At a formal opening of the Cheyenne county fair at Sidney, Wednesday ,Octo- ber 5, General Morrow, who had been invited to deliver the opening address, spoke as follows: Ladies and Gentlemen: Twenty years ago, in the just passed month, I marched up this beautiful valley of the Lodge Pole with adetachmentof United States troops and a company of Pawnee Indians. The troops were on their way to various military stations in the west, and the Indians, on account of t knowledge of the country und their familiarity with savage warfare, were employed as scouts during the march and as outposts and guards when the command was in camp. At that time there wius no town or set- tlement between Julesburg and Utah. There was but a single house where Chegenne now stands, The country was an 4 unbroken wilder- ness. Indians roamed at will over the land from old Fort Sedgwick to the can- yons of the Uintah mountains, and but- falo, elk, antelope and deer, with the wolf, were familinr objects in every landscape. What a change twenty years have wrought in this ce! The Indian has departed, and with him have Qisappeared the animals which were his co-tenants of the country. Substantial farm houses have taken the place of the skin dwellings of the savages, and cul- tivated fields decked in their season with waving yellow grain and nodding corn have supplanted the old hunting grounds; and all this has been the work of free Am n_ citizens whose self- imposed mission it is to redeem this tion of Nebraska from the wilderne: condition, and make it the home of an intelligent, virtuous and en- terprising community. This great work, for it is great in every sense of the word, it is entitled to be called groat, has boen performed to all intents and purposes within the last thre fiom-s. Three years ago, so far as my nowledge extends, there was not a farm house or any sign of any human habitation between the Lodge Poleand the South Platte. To-day the country is comparatively thickly settled. A hundred dwellings can be seen in a single glance of the eye. The land- scape is dotted all over with house looking like little sil pots on emer- alds fields. Substantial structures and other improvements show that the set- tlers have come to stay. And why not? Inmy ulrininu they huve come toa roodly land. If itdoes not flow with milk and honey, as did the land of still & land where under ordirary ci cumstances harvests will =~ fol- low seed-time, and abundunt crops repay the hushandmun for his toil, Our climate is not sur- passed in health-giving qualities by any other on the continent. There are no marshes, or pestilential feus or jun- gles to contaminate the air. The winds blow over a region of country free from all impurities. Extremes of heat and cold are not as common here as in the belts of states east and north of us, and experience has shown that we are less lil\glo than almost any other section of the country to destructive -wind storms. The soil of the country is surpassingly rich in the elements which produce magnificent crops of corn, wheat, oats aud other cereals adapted to this lati- tude. The almost single drawback to what would otherwise be one of the finest regions on the face of the globe, is the supposed lack of moisture in the crop-growing months of June, July and August. We know from caveful obser- vations made at government signal stations and mililllry posts, that the annual or yearly rainfall in s section would be eneirely sufficient for all crops if it was properly distributed. For ex- ample, the rainfall at Sidney for the ,e) nine months of the present y September 30, has been four At Marseilles and other points in sout ern France where crops are abundant, there are nineteen inches of rainfall; at St. Petersburg, Russia, but sixteen inches of rain falls during the year; in Spain about Madrid the rainfall is only n{ne inches; on the island of Malta, in the Mediterranoan sea, one of the most productive rogions in the world. the the annual rainfall is fiftcen inches. 1 is worth while to dwell for a moment on this last example. With but fiftcen inches of rain tge island of Malta pro- duces luxuriant crops of cotton, osanges, figs, olives and othe kinds of grain. The soil in its elements is very much like that of Cheyenne county, but has not its depth, aud will not bear the same amount of tillage. I have cited these few examples, out of many that might be given, of regions of produc- tiveness where the rainfall is but little greater than in the region of country surrounding us. Fourteen inches of rainfall on an acre of ground represents upwards of twenty-two thousand gal- lons of water. On a square mile, 640 acres, it would represent seven hundred and two millions, seven hundred and two_thousand gullons. In weight it would equal one million, thirteen thou- sand, five hundred and ten tons. These curious and instructive facts have been worked out for me by my ingenious oung friend Lieutenant Sparrow. hey show not only the enormous quan- tity of water which falls upon the earth in the form of rain, but the wonderful wisdom and power of God in makin the clouds the reservoirs and carries for distributing moisture over the earth. Has the climate of Western Nebraska changed within the last few years and is still undergoing modifica- ions? Ithink it is safe to safe to say that the climate of all the northwestern states has undergone and is still under- going a change in respect to the amount of moisture annually "deposited in the form of rain and dew. IFrom observa- tion running through ten years in east- earn Nebraska it may be considered as an an established fact that there are more rainy days in the year now than there were formerly., = The actual nmount of rainfall, as every farmer knows, is of far less importance than is its uniform distribution throughout the year. Itis within my own knowledge that the climate of this portion of Ne- braska has undergone & great change since I first vlsiw‘fit twenty years ago. ‘When I came to this country first and for many years afterwards there was no such thing as dew. It WAS & common saying among officers and soldiers, and the same was said by fur traders and trappers, that a man might sleep in the open air from May to December “without baving his blanket dampened. You all know that this is not the case to-day. 1 have seen in the month of August of the present year dews as heavy s I ever saw at the same #eason in Michigan or Arkansas. To confirm my recollection of the former state of the climate in this section, I have consulted two well-known citizens oi Sidney, Mr. Eubank, sheriff of the county, and Mr. John M. Adams. regis- ter of the land office, and _hoth of them confirm my statement. This is a matt of the greatest importance, because, as it seems to me, on this question of whether or not the climate has changed and is changing must depend the solution of the question, whether the country is adapted to ag- riculture or not. 1 state unhesitatingly that the climate of this section, and eastern Wyoming. has un- dergone a very great change in respect to the amount of moisture deposited during the spring and summer months. A reference to the history of the eli- mate, in t to rainfall, of the east- ern portion of the state, muy assist in forming an opinion us to changes to be expected in our own climate. T believe it 1s conceded that the amount of 1 fall has incrensed in eastern within the last two decades, and it is beyond contradiction that the number of rainy days has greatly inereased. My information on this point has been de rived from old settlers—men who came to eastern Nebraska at an early day. What is true of eastern Nebraska is equally true of Towa and Illinois. That the climate of a country is modified by cultivation and settlement. 1 know from my experience in Utah, I was stationec 1 Salt Lake City as commanding offic from 1870 to the fall of 1874. 1 refer to this forno other purpose than to show that [ was in a po- sition to know the sof which T am about to speak. Fort Douglas is a_mili- tary post near Salt Lake City. It was established in the summer or fall of 1861, The me 'ds of the post show th year of its history the amount of rainfall wasubout eleven inches. I left Fort Douglas in Septem- ber, 1874, and the amount of had been gradually increasin year to year until it r W twenty- seven inches. Here we | ninstan where the rainfall in thirte mo 1 years had » than doubled. I large proportion of this rain fell during the spring and sum- mer months, I have been rvepeatedly told by intelligent Mormons who came to Utah in 1847, that at that time and for several years afterwards there was scarcely any precipitation of moisture during these months. I have spoken of the change which has taken place in the climate of eastern Nebraska within the memory of men who are still in the prime of life, Behold that section of the state to-day! ~tt was n ppiness to ride from Oma to Crete in the early days of July l and T declare to you, I never beautiful or fertile country than that through which I passed. The land- scape s diversified by almost every ele- ment of heauty. Hills gently melt into valleys and valleys softly rise into hills, the various crops so blending their as to make a picture of rare heauty. 80 the traveler passes through as beauti- ful a region of country as can be found in the world. And better than soil or climate, though dependent on both, [ saw dwelling in peace and contentment a population of self-governing Amorican farmers, proud of their state and nation, and prepared to take their full share of the duty of making laws for both in time of peace and de- fending the rights of both in time of war. Idid not need to be told that these prosperous farmers, with others like them throughout the state, had made Nebraska one of the foremost states in the American union in all that pertains to progress in law, morality and education. T take it, fellow ¢ zens, that enlightened law, pure moy ity, and sound education arc foundations upon which to r lican government. Tt is the history of every new country that the rainfall increases in proportion as the land comes under cultivation. This is an undoubted fact, though the reasons assigned for it are not fully agreed upon by scientists. I have always thought that there was an abundance of moisture in the clouds of this intevior section of the country, but that condi- tions favorable to its precipitation in the form of dew and rain were wantin The earth and the sky are reciprocal in their relations. They give to and take from each other. A parched desert having nothing give in return re- ves no_moisture from the passing clouds. For countless ages these prairies have been scorched by fires, pelted by storms of rain and hail, and rampled upon by innumerable herds of wild animals. “The effect of this has been to pack the earth until it has b come as compact as arock. The for ing or heating power of rain and hail is far greater than the ovdinary observer comprehends. When the rain falls on a primitive soil the larger partof it rune off in torrents and finds its way to the sea. The buked, storm-beaten und trampled earth, like a sick man, refuses its nourishment. Beyond doubt this is the reason why you have so many physi- cal proofs around you of enormous de- vastations committed by running water. ‘When the land is_tilled this will ceas Cultivated ground absorbs a large por- tion of the water that falls upon it, and retains it like a sponge. It thus be- comes a reservoir of moisture for the nourishment of crops in scasons of drouth. The turning over of the soil in large tracts of country presents to the atmosphere a vast absorbing surface. The soil es this absorbed moisture slowly ck to the atmosphere by evaporation. ‘Thus year by year, us cultivation of the soil is extended, more of the rain that falls is absorbed to be given off by evaporation or to remain in store to nourish plants and g 8. It is not, 1 believe, demonstrated fact, but it is believed by many eminent men that the laying of lroad tradks and the erection of great lines of telegr: through a country produce electr conditions of the atmosphere favorable to the precipitation of moisture. If I am correct in my conjecture that there isnota deficiency of moisture in the 15 of this section, and increase of ical agencies would almost cer- tainly have an influence on the vain- fall, The beauty and fertility of this por- tion of Nebrdska is attracting the at- tention of the whole country. I have been furnished with some interestin dates by the register of the Unite States land office of this district, which illustrates the extent of the immigra- tion to this country within the last few monthe. In the months of July, August and September 39,232 acres of land were enteved for homesteads, 22,660 were taken up for pre-emptions, und 22435 acres were located as timber lands, Here we have a grand total of 83,000 s of ground taken up in Cheyenne county in a period of three months. This represents a population of probably six hundred souls. It is understood that the dry summers of the last two years have been, as was quite natural, a source of discounrage- ment to many settlers and that some few have actually left the country. 1 think this is a mistake in view of the fucts 1" have disclosed to you concern- ing the changes that have taken place in the climate of this section. On the iron bound eastern const of Scotland there runs out from the Grampin hills a rock headland known from remote times 88 Craig Ellachie, The turl cottages considerably ought to add al- the best a repub- =3 of Clan Grant are in gight of its hoa head, and the members of the Clan have for their war-cry the words, “Stand Craig Ellachie!™ The wild war- the hills, serving in the srmies t Britain, have earvied that bat- round the world, und every time i along the lines, whether in the deadly churge where men look death in the face over the level line of gliste ing bayonet. or in resisting the fierce ck of overwhelming numbers, the Highlanders assume to them- selves the stendfustuers of the rock which looks down upon the distant homes and set up the inspiring cry. *Stand fast, Craig Ellai, ’ Farmers of Cheyenne county, let us take cournge from’ the example of the gallant Scotchmen. When your hearts despond, when your spivits fiag, when your minds grow weary, when souls are almost tempted to say, *1 yield, Tyield,” then imitate the brave nen of Clan Grant, and ery, “*Stand fast, stand fast, ‘till the clouds roll by."” This is the first agricultural fair ever held in Cheyenne county. The citizens of this remote section of Nebraska ave to be congratulated on the intelligence and enterprise that have prompted this movement. The very best results may pected to follow from it. Fairs of kind are in fact co-operative associ- ations—associations in which a number of individuals unite their ene '8 in r for a common end, inu mu- to work out a definite «¢ who take part in are moved by t and animated with All who are inter- st be interested in the pur; ture, either as observers or participants, are brought together, and mutual inter-change of views and comparison of methods of tual a purpose. these gathe a common oh, kindred view ssted. and every labor and planting, make known to all de the improvements that have been, me and the condition gencrally of eve part of the country. Stock, seed, im- plements, all indeed. that the secks to raise or employ. are o public inspection, so that each pare the result of abor with that of others—eq ofiting by the suceess or failure of s neighbor. The plan of distributing s has a highly beneficial effect in imulating competition, and is an ad- mirable feature on these occasions. The custom is almost as ancient i culture itself, It is related by han, the el historian, that C i than 500 year d premiums ds to diligent and success- his own | ful farmer the honor of being a zealous cultivator of the s The Romans. in their best days, w devoted to the tillage of the ground and bestowed honors unon those engaged in it. The naturalist, Pliny, in one of his works says: *The lands were cultivated by generals, and the earth delighted to be plowed by a shave adorned with laurels, and by a plowman who had been honored with'a triumph. Food is the first want of man and the vth is its great source of supply. In the cultivation of the soil one eng in a most honorable as well as useful occupation. But if to plow and harrow, to sow and reap, were, however, all the farmer had to do, he might be left to do that without the state feeling, as it does now; a very great interest in him. His occupation would be innocent and useful, but the inge of intellect required for its performance would be circumscribed in a small eir- cle. But the fa r has other duties besides these, requiring as high a range of cultivation as most of the employ- ments which go to make up the social system. He is a citizen of a_great and and free common-wealth, and as such, must have an intelligent understanding of the constitution and laws of his coun- try. He has to perform_ the important duties of an elector and juror, and to mingle in the various questions which from time to time urise in the local com- munity in which he resides, and in the nation at large, for discussion and deci- sion. He should be prepared to take his part in the administration of public affairs. It is to be said to the credit of the farming population of the United States that among them are found many of our most eminint statesmen and authors. Fellow citizens, it has been said that he who makes two blades of grass to grow, where but one grew before, is a public benefactor. This is eminently true when, as in your case, the tilling of the soil is accomplished with great trials and hardships. General Cass once said in the senate of the United States, T have had some experience, and [ will say that the man who goes into battle docs not display half the courage that a settler does, who with a family around him, goes into the wilderness, and most with his spade alone commenc labor which scarcely ends but with his life. No man that does not know them can realize the privations and the ex- posures towhich every settler is liable.” It is a great honor to be among the first rmanent settlers of a country. t settlers are honored in their own generation and revered b; posterity. To the founders of states Lord Bacon assigned the high- est place in the roll of earthly dignities. Material prosperity is sure to follow in the footsteps of enterprise and industry. In after years, when this now almost wilderness has been made by your ex- ertions to blossom like a garde when like the prophet of old you a ting in contentment and peace under the shadows of your own vines and fig trees, it will be pleasant to look back upon and re the toils and trials of the early days in Cheyenne county. You are laying the foundations of a community which I trust will be to you a present and to those who come after you a heritage of blessing. Lay the foundation on a solid basis of intellectual and moral truth. While youare building houses and burns to keep yourselves and your cattle from the storm, build also school houses and churches so that the brains and hearts of your children may keep pace with their bodies. The school houses need notbe costly. Daniel Webster, Henry Clay and Abraham Lincoln, three illus- trious names, received their education in houses constructed of unhewn logs. It matters little to God whether his al- ters are erected in splendid architectu- ral structures like St. Peters, in Rome, or St. Paul’s in London, orin alowly edifice under whose humble roof but few can gather together. The school house and the church are the hand- maidens of modern civilization. They denote the progress which a people have made in cultivation and refinement., That the people of this country may be prosoerous in all their lawful undertak- ings, that the windows of heaven may be opened to them, that plentfful har- vests may reward their toils, that the shadows of w may not darken their doorways, and that they may be suc- cessful in building up in western N braska a community which shall be d tinguished for its love of order, for its morality and for its fidelity to law and truth, is the ardent wish ‘of him who }ms addressed you and now takes his eave. — You need not rack your throat and lungs with that horrid cough, whena pleasant and certain remedy may be found in Dr. J. H. McLean’s Tar Wine Lung Balm, 25 cents a bottle. SOME PERUVIAN PICTURES. The Splendor of the City of Lima— The Cathedral. THE GORGEOUS DECORATIONS Ancient Carvings in Wood—A City of Clinging Wonders and Horrid Tales—A Peculiar Towe San Francisco Chronicle: Peru, with its clinging wonders and horrid tales of the Tneas, interests one in a mannerfew republics have the power to inspire. The niches in the old walls, the arches and tombs of Pachacamae, the ruined walls of Chimu, all invest the country with a fascination all its own. But it is not with these histories of the past we have to deal, but to make with the reader a more modern it, and we begin with the interesting capital of the wonderous southern land. Authority tells us “‘the name Lima is a corruption, or rather a modification of the Quicha word rimac, which was forme pplied to the valley or plain, and il borne by the viver which waters it. The word is the past parti- ciple of the verb rimay k. Others say that the name came from the idol Himac and not from the river, for it is ouly in a figurative and poetical sense a river can be represented as speaking Thedistance from Callon to Lima is seven miles, The railroad runs through a tract of low coun vhich is with fow ceptions at all tivated, not being adapted to the raising of grain. The soil, which is adobe, is principally used for grazing purposes, though in' many places it is overgrown with wild grasses ls. There are few objects of t between the two places. unless one may count the residence of the late Henry Meiggs, and at the time of the write sit occupied by his brother, which was in 1879, N I s buildings of great size, made from | blocks of adobe, from twelve feet in length to four feet in width and three in thick- ness. The ccording to early tra- ditions, were the homes of the first mis- sionaries, who came from Spain. They were at this time in ruins, only the wallsremaining, The buildings were constructed by the labor of the peones. Scarcely a mile further on you come to the banks of the Rimae. which has its source in the summit of the Andes, and is a tortuous stream winding in and out the mountain passes. It may be traced to the little town of Chiclia,” which has an altitude of over 15,000 feet above the seq. Procee: ding along the banks of the Rimac, traveling by morning train, one witnesses the sight of the numerous women washing in the manner of the washwomen of Paris along the Seine. The Rimac is from 1, to 250 feet in width, and the bed is very rocky. At a short distance after you touch the river Ri you enter the depot of Lima, a v picturesque building, long and dlike, builtentirely of wood. A wond flight of e corridor in which ar s and the offices of the com- pauy. On leaving the depot you enter under an immense archway covered with trail- ing vin nd on either side are bazars, restaur and saloens, where all kinds of American drinks can be obtained. On leaving this archway you enter the street, which is one block from the grand pl . On the right of this street isthe palace of the president, and in its rear the government prison. These build- ings cover the entire block. Midwayon the opposite side is the Hotel Ithma.” At the end of the block you enterthe grann pl On the left the first building to m the eye is the palace of the arch- bishop, & large stone structure of three stories, alongside of which and in the rear are the monastery and nuune Adjoining this is the great and cele brated Cathedral of Lima, which is scc- ond in wealth to any in the world, and the equal of the famous Cathedral of To the right of the plaza, as you enter, is the front of the president's ‘palace, low two-story building, painted blue. The upper portion of the building is filled with offices of the government; the lower part by coffee and fruit stands, also small bazars for cheap wares. The other two sides of the plaza are occupicd by shops of all kinds and descriptions. Between these four blocks are the pla grounds, beautifully laid out and orna- mented with statues and fountains; in the center of which is the late flagstaft brought by Mr.Meiggsfrom Puget sound. The smhlve of the archbishop is a large three-story building, partly of stone and partly of adobe. It has a long court-yard entrance to the west of it. The main entrance is approached by twelve stone steps, 80 numbered in honor of the twelve apostles. The door- way i8 massively built of wood brought from Brocelona or Valsamadia. The in- terior is furnished richly butin quiet taste, though not kept in the most or- derly manner, the servants of his grace. sad to relate, in keeping with the gen- eral appearance of the household. The monastery, through which I had the privelege of going, was, however, most scrupulously clean and neat. The pal- ace of the archbishop, in elegance of interi certainly contrasted with the hou of the prelates of the United ates. There is a green-colored alley- ay which leads to the cathedral from cloistered buildings surrounding, and is sacred to the use of the priests and nuns. The cathedral is & massive building, 873 feet from portal to portal, and 175 feet in breadth. The doric columns which support the roof of the galleries are eighty-four feet in height, and at the base nine feet in diameter, tapering to an u{n‘x of six feet. The cathedral is divided into three separate parts. There are three entrances, the middle one never being opened unless in case of earthquake or fire, The size of this central door may be imagined when one is told it is ninety feet in height and thirty-two feet in breadth, and is said to be the largest door in the world. The lock is of the most stupendous proportions, and the key, which is two feet in length, is kept hanging on the walls of the monastery. On entering the cathedral attentionis first drawn to what one would call a series or number of private or small chapels, on either side, gorgeously adorned. On entering from the left you will find on the right, which sup- orts the arcade, large pictures. show- ng forth in all their fine coloring and cruel realism the sufferings and passion of Christ. Proceeding along the aisle you come to the middle transept, which is reserved for the exclusive occupation of the priests and monks. The grand altar is one of the most ex- quisite pieces of carved architecture in the world. On either side are cighteen seats, forming a double row; in the rear twelve in double row, making in all ninety-six seats, The arms and backs of these chairs are all of hard carved wood, by the best masters. Above the upper row of these seats stand carved figures, forty-eight in number—all the work of artista of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, Another prominent feature is the lec- tern on which the holy bible rests. The lectern itself is also of the same intri- cately carved Spanish wood, and the book has scarcely itsequal in the world. Written on sheets of vellum three feet long and two in breadth, all the letter- ing done by hand in letters an inch in length, each portion being bound in black oak. One either side of the ele- vation upon which are the two organs, and to the rear facing the grand altar is the organ which is counted the third largest in the world. These three or- ns are only used at the afternoon ser- vice and at the celebration of mass on Sundays. The altar itself is of exquisite work- manship. On it stand twelve candle- sticks of solid silver six feet in height with candlelabra holding five candles ench. The altar rail, which is of con- siderable dinmeter, is of pure gold, and on either side of the altar, within the sanctuary, are eighteen columns of fine silver fourteen feet in height. There were formerly twenty-eight, but Presi- dent Batta being at the time financially embarrassed, confiscated ten of them, which he converted into coin_of the realm, Itseemed to the pious Peruvi- ans a retribution for the sacreligious use of things conses d to God when Batta met with a horrible fate, he being hanged from the cupola of this same cathedral. His brother, the senator, was stabbed to death on entering the senatorial chamber,and another brother was shot in his cell in the government building in the rear of the presidental palace. The ordinary vestments used by the priests during the week are compari- tively plain, but at grand high mass on Sunday they appear in canonicals of the most gorgeous description. They are lit- erally weighed down with ornaments of gold and silver. The archbishop on the oceasion of papal high mass, or on es- ial feast days, is arrayed in a gor- eousness beyond description, the robes being of purple velvet, embroidered 3 lavishly with precious iju\\'olx. He is on such oceasions followed by a numerous retinue composed of priests, deacons, sub-deacons and acolytes, The adorn: ment of the grand altar is in keeping with all this magnificence, There are no pews in the cathedral, but a limited number of chairs, which may be hired from ane one of the six sextons, who also act as guides and who expect compensation from the strangers who employ them to point out and ex- plain the many objects of historical in- terest. A person on entering the ca- thedral is met by one of these persons, who for a pesa will conduet him through out the edifice. The fi place gener- ally visited is the tower in which hangs he chime of bellf, the largest of which weighs four tons. The other six are in graduated sizes, the smallest weighing ds. The great bell has great ched to it, be- ing in Madrid in 1538 for the cathe- dral of that city. Around the outer edge of this bell are closely wrought inscriptions in latin. The clapper alone weighs 300 pounds. Four of the other bells were also cast in Madrid, while two of the smaller ones were cast at Troy, N. Y., thus completing the chime of bells, which are rung regularly at 6 o’clock in the morning and at 2 o’'clock in the afternoon. The tower itself is of singular and pe- culiar build, being of solid adobe braced by interlacing timbers, which hold it strong and intact. There is a narrow staircase which winds irregularly to the top. One gazes at this structure with almost the same wonder as at the pyra- amids of Egypt. interest att g KN The Beau Ideal of a Family Medicine. A remedy which promptly and com- pletely relieves ailments of such com- mon occurrence as indtgestion, consti- .pation, billiousness, and disoracrs of the malarial type, is assuredly ideal of a family medicine. S tetters Stomach Bitte which is not only capable of eradicating these com- plaints, but also counteracting a ten- I’(cncy to kidney troubles, rheumatism, and premature decadence of stamina. Taking it “‘all around,” as the phrase is, there is probably not in existence so the beau uch is Hos- useful, effective and agreeable a house- hold panacea as the Bitters. less Nor is it ighly esteemed by the medical n than by the families of Amer- umberless testimonials from pro- ional sources of irrefragable authen- ticity evince its merit. The demand for it abroad, no less than in the land of its discovery, is certainly increasing, time and experience of its beneficent effects confirming the high opinion or- iginall d of it pointe West, Northwest middle link'in that transcontinentas aystem whieh invites aud facf La 8al , Davenpo , Fairfield, Ottumwa, Oskal erty, Towa City, Des Molnes, 1 tic, Knoxville, 'Audubon, Ha Counell Blufts, in Iowa; "Gall perior Day d Sleeplug s, rs, (between Chicago ose) Kaasas Clty) rostiul Reclining Cuale Cars. fon s agoment ls conservative, its disciplino exacting The Famous Albert Chicago v rists ‘atertown and Sioux Falls, to th g lands of Interior Dakota. Reck Island offe K. 5T, JoMN, Pt SteckPiano Remarkable for powerful sympa- ut. i ¥ cord, he best_guarautee of the excel fence of these iustruments. WOODBRIDGE BROS, e S A T N . Youthtul, Iumj T canted OMATA JOBBERS DIRECTORY Deaern waalfii‘?lfl“ | cultaral Implem Cardage sd .m::.-,’,:m.:'?-::.g-n't-"-jm i ER & METCALF CO., Agricaltaral Implements, Wagons, Carriages A A, Vs e AR R o8 !gmcmmn ng_r Buckeye Drills, Seeders, ivators, Has Ci sors, lay Rakes, Cider Mills and Luban Pal werise C and Nicholas Streets. WINONA IMPLEN ~=Wholesale-— PLEMENT CO., Agricaltaral Imnlemenllx‘ Wagun: & Buggies Corner 14th and Nicholas Streets. rtl oie’ Materials, A. HOSPE, Jr., Artists’ Materials, Pianos and Organs, 1813 Douglas Street, Omahs, Nebraska. W. V. MO % CO., Jobvers of Boots and Shocs, 161 Faroam 1., Omaha, Neo. Manufactory, Summer 0 treet, Bo KIRKENDALL, JONES & CO., (Successors to Reed, Jones & Co.) Wholesale Manufactarers of Boots and Shioes Agents for Boston Rubber Shoe Co. 1102, 1104 & 1108 Harney St., Omahn, Nebraska. CLARKE COFFEE CO., Omaha Coffes and Spice Mills. Teas, Cofees Spices, Baking Powder, Flavoring Kxtracta, Laundry Biue, Inks, Etc. 1414-1416 Tinrney Street, Omahn, Nepraika o ¢ W. L. WRIGHT, Agent for the Manufacturers and Importers of Crukory,, Glasvare, lamps, Cimers, n and Storage. . HURLEY, Commission and Jobbing Butter, Eggs and_Produce. Consignments sollcited, Headquarters for Stoncware, Horry B and rape Bas it , Omah DDELL ELL, Storage ad Commision Nerciants, Bpecialtien- utter, Eegs, Cheese, Poultry, Game, PecinSyaters, Kic. 12 80uth luth Bureets WIEDEMAN & CO., Produce Comgnsslm;: Merchants, Poultry, Butter, Ga 220 South 14th e, GEO. SCHROEDER & CO., (Buccessors to McShane & Schroeder.) Prodnce Cnntl,mis"siulxe and Cald Storage, Jowers of Hard and Soft Coal. 200 South 13th Street, Omsh: raska. J.J. JOHNSON & N Mannfactarers pf Illinois White Lime. ‘ement, Plaster, Lime, totel, e, Paxton I Dry Goods, Farnishing Goods and Notions 1102 and 114Douglas, Cor. 1ith Bt., Omabs, Neb. KILPATRICK-KOCH DRY GOODS Co Importers and Jobbers in Dry Goods, Notions Gents' Furnishing Goods,Corner lith and Harney Sta., Omahs, Nebrasks. ._Lumber, CHAS. R. LEE, Dealer in Hardwood Lamber, Wooa Carpets and I\Nnbltgl-ozfll'. b and Dougles JOHN A. WAKEFIELD, . Wholesale Lamber, Bte. * R AART IR R G Batsg et e Mllinery and Wetionsy | I. OBERFELDER & CO. tions Tmporters & Jobbers of Millinery & 08, 710 and 212 South 11tk Btreet. 3T no-fi!son 5'6?ion co., Wholesle Notions and Furnighing Goods 408 and 406 South Street, Omaba. VINYARD & SCHNEIDER, Notions and Gent's Foruishing Goods, 1106 Harney Street, Omaha. CONSOLIDATED TANK LINE GO. Wholesale Refined anl}.ghrlcaflu Oils, Axle Grease, ste., Omaha. s APip“orA._ CARPENTER PAPER CO., Wnules@e Paper Deglers. "WESTERN NEWSPAPER UNION. Auriliary Publishers. Denlers in type, presses and printe; Bouth 13th Street, Omaba. suppies. 608 Rubber Coods. 'OMAHA RUBBER CO., Manufacturers and Dealers in Rubber Goods Oll Clothing and Leather Belting. 1005 Furnam Straet. -_— e A. L. STRANG CO. Pumps, Pipes aud Engines. Steam, water. railwag ind minin V22 And 924 u Stree CHURCHILL PUMP CO Wholesele Pumps, Pige, Fittings, Bteam and Water Rupplies, Headquarters for Foost & Co's goods. 1111 Farnaw Bt., Om: supplies, ete. S nsty U.S. WIND ENGINE & PUMP CO., Steam and Water Sapplics. Halliday Wind Mills, 918 and 920 ¥ n 8L, Omahay G. . 1oss, Acting May BROWNELL & CO., Engines, Boilers and General Machinery, Bheet Iron Work, Steam Pumps, Saw Mills. 12131218 Leavenworth Streot, Omabi PHIL. STIMMEL & CO., holesale Farm, Field and Garden Sceds 911 and 913 Jones St., Omaha / Storage, Forwarding ARMSTRONG, PETTIS & CO. Storage, Forwarding and Commission, anch house of the Henney Buggy Co. Buggies s} DEASRIEA aghtr g ‘relephone No. 7. Teas and Cigars. i "WM. A, WILSON & CO., Tmporters and_Jobbers of Teas & Cigars. treet, Bpices and Daisy Baking Powder. 1416 and 1418 Hare ney Ktreet, Omaha. T “Cornice, “EAGLE CORNICE WORKS, ¥, Manufacture Galvanized Iron and Cornice, ohn Epeneter, Proprietor. 920 Do, g PRt Tt Sinn Stroet, Om Smoke Stack Furniture, DEWEY & STONE, * Wholesale Dealers in Forniture. Farnam Btrest, Om Nebrs CHARLES SHIVERICK, Furnitare, Bedding, Upholstery, Mirrors, Etc. 1206, 1908 and 1210 Farnam Streot, Ow H. K. SBAWYER, 13 Manufacturing Dealer in Smoke Stacks, Britchings, Tanks and General Roiler Repairing. 131§ Dodge Street, Omaha, Neb. PAXTON & VIERLING, Wrought and Cast Iron Building Work, PAXTON, G;E.L;OHER &Cco., Wholesale Groceries and Provisions. 708, 707, 700 and 711 8. 10th St., Omaha, Neb. T McCORD, BRADY & CO., Wholesale Grocers, 15th and Leavenworth Btreets, Omaha, Nebraska. T D.M.STEELE&CO., Wholesale Gl'l)flfll‘s, 1819, 1221 and 1223 Harney Street, Omahe, Ni ALLEN BROS., Wholesale Grocers, 1114 and 1116 Harney Street, Omahs, N al LEE, FRIED & CO., Jobbers of Hardware and Nails, Tiaware,Sheet Iron Eic. Agents for Howe Scales,and s Wiam; Powder Cor i . Omahs, Neb. HIMEBAUGH & TAYLOR, Builders' Hardware & Scale Repair Shop ' Tool Ruffalo Scales. Ins-st, Machaoics’ Tools gd Rufalo Scales. 1405 Douglas-st. Kl '.“'fifl“"‘a’"-“{""’u?‘.‘-‘."fl‘,’?‘..?:“i Tion e : OMAHA WIRE & IRON WORKS, Manufactarers of Wire and Iron Railingg Desk rails, window guards, Sower atands, wire sig mal OMAH FE ORKS, 6 RON Man'frs of Fire & Burglar Proof Safes 1 Vaults, Jail work, iron and wire fencing, signs, etc. G Andreen, Prop'r. Cor. 14th and Jackson bis. MEAGHER & SPROAT, General Agents for Diebold Safe & Lock Co.'s Fire and Burglar Proof Safes, Time Lm:ks,' Vaults and Jail W-n}_. 15 Farnam Htreet, Omlhl_.‘ Overall 2] CANFIELD MANUFACTURING CO, Manufacturers of Overalls : Jeans Pants, Shirts, Kto. 1102and 1104 Douglas Streety Omaha, Neb. Wholessle Manufacturers of Sash, Doors, Blinds and Mouldings, . Branch Office, 12th Om: RECTOR & WILHELMY CO,, Wholesale Hardyare. 10th and Harney 8ts., Omah: for Austin Powder Co., JeTerson ¢ Standard Soal BOHN MANUFA RING Mannfacturers of Sash, Doors, %find:, Mouldings, Etuir Work and Interior Hard Wood Fiae ish. Corner 5th and L worth Streets, | Omabis, Neb. W. J. BROATCH Heary Hfll”lmfl'fl'l Iron and Steel, Bprings, W.l::‘)l:“l‘llfl;l. :l’ rsd' J l:llll‘nh'r‘cu. 1200 " EDNEY & GIBBON, Wholesale Iron and Steel, on and Carrisge Wood Stock, Heavy Hardware, Yo A5 S0 S aavonworth B Omana Mo OMAHA PLANING MILL CO., Manufacturers of Monldings, Sash, Doors, And Binds, Turaing, Stair-work, Bank and Oflu‘ Fittings. 20th'snd Poppicion Aveuue. "STORZ & ILER, Lager Beer Brewers, 9 31 North Kighteenth Street, Omuha, Neb, § ___Hats, Gaps, Eto. _ W. L. PARROTTE & CO., Wholesale Hats, Caps and Straw Goods, 1107 Harney Street, Omahs, Neb. B T O T WILLOW SPRINGS DISTILLERY CO and ILER & CO. Importers & Jobbers of FineWines &nguurs Bast India Bitters and Domestic Liquors. 1112 Harney WA LOMBER Go " gt e Ve LOUIS BRADFORD, Dealer fn Lomber, Lath, Lime, Sash, Doors, ete. hru—cunnkm and Douglas; Corner #th and Doy C. N. DEITZ, Dealer n all Rinds of Lumber, e 15th and California Sts., Omaha, Neb. ? FRED W. GRAY, Lamber, Limg, Cement, Efc., Etc. Corner 6b aud Douglas Bla., Omal % W, HARVEY LUMBER CO., t ..&“ Dealers .E!ly. e _ SOUTH OMARA, | G PALMER. NP RICHMAN. 3. B, BLANCHARD, PALMER, RICHMAN & CO., Live Stock Commission Merchants, Omoe—Room 24, Oppostpe Exchange Building, Rlock Yardn outh Omaba, Nap, 6 Union McCOY BROS., Live Stock Commission Merchants, Markes furnished free . Blook flm.:" Hurniahed o6 pood tenps. - Nefsranons ! Dmm & Ationd] Ban aid Briana Notions, Usiom X an Block Yards, South O LORIMER, WESTERFIELD & MALEY Live Stock Commission, [ Room 16, Exch Rulldl Block Ya b Echeggs, BRUSEE Yoo slow Trea “HORN & PE, Conmission Dealers in Live Stock, ' DasB ™ Fnshants, B ”.‘,‘;‘.!.' el ganer o m.A:‘I.!uI Qr'!ink. maha, K. 8. Ko . O Omahy ALEXANDER & F| Commission Dealers n Live Stock, Room 22, opposite Exchange Bullding, Union Stock PP v Bana, Nob: Yo B UNION STOCK YARDS CO., 0f Omaha, Limited. Jobn ¥. Boyd, Superintendent. B —,