Norwich Bulletin Newspaper, February 3, 1917, Page 12

awudm'g innually.-a number of sold and silver medals, In recognition during the past fiscal year. ¢ * BN Uy 2 of the life-saving service, Sumne; ommending made life-saving service. On June 20, 1874; on June 18, 1878; on May 4, special act of Congress gave approval to the continuance of the giving of medals for such purpose. And now that the life-saving service is no more, ex- cept as a part of the coast guard, and the venerable superintendent hasretired, the gold and silver symbols and what they represent seem to -those who were friends of the old life-saving service to embody something of the spirit of its only superintendent. Particularly is this true in the case of Frank W. Crilley, who made the deep- est dive on reecord. He was chief gun- Der's mate, inythe navy, and it was at the time the submarine F-4 went down off Honolulu. There was a Stir went round the world when the submarine and her men were lost. No one felt worse, perhaps, than the men of the mavy who Were sent to PATRICK J. NESTOR., Corps, Fort Casey, Wash, awarded silver medal of homor for saving a comrade from Pugct sound. . 1382, and Jangary 28, 1915, a ©of exceptional daring or-bravery shown through attempts to save'lives of.Deo- ple in danger of drowning. There were twenty-four medals, all siiver, issued It was that father, mother and lover e Kimball.'who had most to 'do With .rec- to Congress. that these awards be placed or-a permenert basis; so encouraging not only elvillans, but also the men who were a little set apart from their fellows. in'that they a regular busimess of saving lives and belonged to the United States 1 | New Yeork policemam. who dived imto| | the iey North river and rescued a man. | work in connection with the salvage | of the sunken boat. It was a strain on mird and body. Crilley and a sroup of comrades who were experienced in deep-sea diving weat about their work with tension. - | * * 1 | One comrade, after working consid- | erable time, “fouled his lines.” to use the vernacular. He was 230 foct below the surface of the water. Crilley was | not at work at that hour. Amid the ,exclled onlookers, Le jumped into his diving paraphernalia and went down to Zet his mate. Even in the short time it had taken to prepare for descent, the endangered man hanging there amid his lines in the deep water had become entangled and given up all hope of @oi- ting to the surface again alive. Crilley, when he had dived down and reached the place where the other man had been working, could not find him. | To be 250 feet bélow the surface of the sea—the tropical sea—where one's imagination can play havoc if nerves are taut, Is a feat In itself; but the work that Crilly undertook and *the way he staved with it—these things cannot be estimated by any medal. 1t seemed to him that he must have | been there all day and that night had come. During the second hour, when he was swung between hope and doubt like a pendulum that has no power in itself, when he would get hola of his helpless comrade, only to be unable to extricate him, then be able to extri- Cate him only to have him a dead Weight and lifeless in his grasp. it Seemed that several days went by. In the mext hour determination had become a habit of what seemed ages. That he was successful at the end of three hours and brouzht his men up to the surface and the grave-faced i marines that crowded round Corporal," 2d Company. Coast Artillery 'be further remarked upon. need not| Dr. Carl Michel, assistant surgeon of | the United States public health serv | ice, stationed in Porto Rico, is another | jmedalist of last year who deserves| | A Boston mun, yvho pulled a drowning attempting it with a ral reef to boot. Fevers and small- are one thing, -but the Atlantic ocean is another. $ 1 ..‘- pecially, is then attractive to the veri- est land lubber. Howe was not used to the quick changes of southern skies and v\}:n—m part of the world Where t“;y have no twilight, for in- stance, the sunset flashes into utter darkness. He was enjoying his swim | to the fullest. The _started pound- ing as though it were the heart of some giant in distress, and Howe struggled in vain to male the shore. Dr. “Michel, also enjoying an hour in the sea, saw him and started through the surf breaking over the reef. It was useless. Howe went down. too far away for any one to reach him in time to save his life, so the surgeon turned his attention td another who also had not measured the coming and going of the treacherous currents in the neigh- borhood ef San Juan. This man, ex- hausted and hopeless of rescue, Dr. > Michel and a third man were able to| ASST SURGEQN CARL MICHEL. Zet to shore and rescuscitate. The doc- | United States public health service, {or was given a silver medal on the| Jusm Porto Rico, who saved a of January, 1916. from the wur? of Porto Rico. £ very prond mother is_that. of Ba-1 - ward S. Waters, Mrs. F. D. McConnel of West Liberty street, Savannah, Ga. When the photograph of this medalist was asked for. it was the mother who answered, and sent it. She gave the information also that Edward S. Waters was, at the time of the rescue, on June 20, 1915, “seventeen years and seven- of age. “A heroic act for a pride. It was a very modern rescue, too. couldn’t have happened years ago, nor fifty, nor even twenty- five. When young Waters is an old man he can look back and say, “Yes, when I was a boy, and aeroplane flights were still a novelty, I helped rescue a couple of daring fiiers.” * = ¥ A sudden rain had come up afternoon in June, occurred. A high wind followed. The men in the aeroplane, a Mr. Beach and a man by the name of Davis, fost con- trol of their machine, when near Tybee Island, Ga., and dropped headlong into the«Atiantic. The wind became violent and the rain was blinding as the Waters boy and four others stzrted in canoes to the rescue. It was an exciting hour; the canoes were merely cockle shells, and the five heroes had difficulty in keeping level- headed and managing their boats. That they did win out and bring the twoc aeroplanists safely to shore is borne out in the fact that the Waters lad, Henry Buckley, Solomon KamnisKy. Furman King and George Dana, who participated. all received silver medals on November 24, 1815. On the Rio Grande river, near Camp Eagle Pass, Tex, Edward G. Flynn won his medal for the attempted rescue of Robert G Robinson. Both men be- Tonged to the army, and werc privates in Company M, 17th Infaniry, station- .3 at Camp Eagle Pass Robinson had Zone into the river to enjoy a swim. Flynn was on the shore not far from where his comrade cntered the water. The swimmer was pretty far out when Fiynn happened to notice something unusual about the man s actions. Then ne immediately plunged in the water GEORGE - A. REED, ind started toward him. It seemed longer and longer, the dis- man out of the Charles river. Sam man boy of seventeen,” she added, and no one would blame her for this proper Tt a hundred in the when. the trouble Nestor, another medalist, was a private in the Marine Corps when he won his medal. He is a cor- poral of the Coast Artillery Corps now and stationed at Fort Casey, Washing- ton. . It was on Septémber §, ‘1915, when stationed at the same poin that he rescued Albert Boettcher from a Srave in_the déeps of Puget sound. Boettche: who was his comrade‘in the 85th Com- pany, fell into the sound from the top the sea wall which protects the land at this point. - It was during the night, and a dark one at that. The air was sharp and the water, as Nestor plunged over the wall after the unfortunate man, was sharper still. He had found and sup- ported Boettcher for some time before assistance came in the shape Of a rope thrown out and caught by Nestor. On August 10, 1913, Theodore H. Hoffman of the life-saving service in New York city was on Long Island sound in the launch Dewey. A Miss Kathrine Kaufer, with 2 male compan- ion. was also enjoying the sound, in a saiiboat. . A_sudden squall arose. to which Mr. Hoffman. safe in the Dewey, paid little attention. but the couple in the other ! boat were alarmed. . A number of light cratts ‘on the water fled to .shelter along the shore. As the waters of lhe' i T EDWARD S. WATERS, : Who helped xave from drowning two | aviators who had been dumped Into! the Atlantic ocean. | United States Government’s F ight Against the Terrible Trachoma lids Threatened to In- vade Many States, But | United States. Public | Health Service Has Held It tp Comparatively Small Area—Dr. John McMullen and His Re- markable Work — With the Patients. Bpecial Currespondence Dread Disease of Eye- | | WASHINGTON. D. a sight for sore| 66 had a double mea . en =z frier ression in Dr. John Medr the physicia; has" beeny leadinz United public health service campatgn trachoma, or granulated eyelid In the past vear through him the 1d his ants hundreds - have regained their sight. and thousands have been onred of the disease, which In time vould have dectroyed thelr eyes. The ipfection. threctened to. Involve man; states, but ihe eervice bhac -hel withir the Appalachien regions of K tuc TPenncssce, Virginla snd West ~irginfa. It has treated and cured thousands ass: t |patients go about with time if it had reached the more popu- of cases within these districts. but its) force is inadequ cover the cour- | S5 are run- | The cconomic value of the worlk al-| ready done can {mated, for no tel the |x1-1 cotion, would have extended by thiz) lous areas; but its humanitar: - complishment has paid a hundredfold | on the federal capi $43,000 last year—invested. * * % The service has three hospitals in Kentucky and one each in the other three states where trachoms va- lent. It probably saved at least 1,500; patients from total blindncss: has had | an attendance of 19,000 days in the. hospital and given over 100,000 treat-| meuts at clinics. | The doctors and nu cive talks, visit 2 sehools. “Gov'ment i llen, who i rded in that sec- on as a acie 1 w nduced | between tral to tell’ some of thei incidents that he knows about rork among the simple and, hos mountaineer i - shes tu ing on tures Its TRACHOMA HOSPITAL, 'WELCH, W. VA. TUNITED STATES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE. gressés the eyeball is affected and the vision impaired until gradually the sight {s_lost. i “The _feeling {s that light must be kept out, and in the advanced stages their eyes Swathed night and day in bandages. “A dear little girl of tweive, who was | brought to us by her mother wore a deep, old-fashioned sumbonnet. which | case The [sure not let anyone remove, night | shade procected her eyes | ght, and Ler imaginatioa ker to se it is she would hear the often difi to induce these peo- ple, unfam with anaesthelics, to submit to op-rations, but tae hardest strugiic we hadl with s youns lady he was ever, and she has not that tims. presen ed pitiful | i >ther child a e thing had so long car- ried her hind to one sids to avoid the zlint of the sunshine that her spine become carsed. We have cured e eyes, but we cannot restore the “One young fellow of twentv-three,' married. came to us to be operated upon, firmly believing what his neigh- ¥ e .oc e the stuff that puts people to] tors gix sleep_not cue in 2 hundred will awake. But Bill eipless; the courty al- lowed b ¥ trifling something for his He had ht things out ed to take.the one; chance to csca; suffering. He was | cowed and stoli hen he roached the; hospital bringing his ba. ch the price to us| keis of nuts, for wh DR. JOHN McMULLEN ©Of public health service, in eharge of trachoma relief work in the field. Imurities where informstion seems i pass by underground teiegraph. to ysuch advertising iy great numbers from all s tions to thé hospital.” ¢ Dr. McMullen would not tell it him- | self, but it is a-fact that in Muhlen- berg. county he held o four-day elinlc 4nd in thai time operated sixty times. He examined and treated 400 people, fznd et any time could ook down and jsee a hunaréd in line waiting to reach him. To do what he did he had to be- gin work-at sunrise, and, except for {lunch, stopped oaly when the sun went down-and then could not help them a ‘The -doctor “dfd. tell about thfs case, eopie caine voiuniar- direc- j rowever. | “One woman, the mother of thr | ehildren,” had never through her woo: burning eyes seen the light of one of the baby faces.- She got a place in ! our hospital, and soon after the opera- tion went Back to them for her first look. Drop the veil there. : “She soon came back with a. heart {full of. gratitude to see us, and said isho would have come.before, but when she reached home she found ‘the bless- edest - dirty house in the mountains, and had been working herself ‘nigh most to death’ to get it clea: - o “jzun. to eran:ku'xam lnd“ al-tx;im' Eo * % 1326 9 that he h: earn in s pocl els. "And his wife says, ‘Now -that Bill| “TWo cases—the only ones—came by can see I have to watch him close to be|judicial compulsion, A Iocal magis- e behaves himself; he feels S0|trate had before him a neighbor who had committed some indiscretion, and good t was not easy at the very first to Zain the confidence of these suspicious| this was the oraculsr judsmient: ‘John, people; bu':.nt)l:nnawu of some simple|you know I can send you to jail, but cures went rapidly through thoss com-!you think I ain't goin’ to. I am, “On whose eyes had {been ol was i stick forty oun; [to the hospital. At first it was feared {that his case was hopeless, but after {overation on Loth eyes and careful | treaunent for three weeks he walked | home _alone. 1t is probable he I stopped at every house siong the route, . iand told every person he met that he| had been blind and could now see, With | though, unless you do what I tell you.'| You have said, by thunder, you. wouldn’t let Doc McMullen touch your! boys’ eyes, and now 1 say, by thunder, | if you don’t, I'll send you to jail untill you do.’ i “To'save trouble for John, those boys | were carefully treated, and each of them made a2 good recovery. “We are as busy as we can be, but we know that we are reaching only a =mall part of the cases. Some in the! way-back districts do not come, and | our force is too small to reach them where they live. “We do have one nurse for district work, a bright young woman of that country, who, accompanied by her dog, rides her horse through trails and over the mountains. She knows the lone- some pines and the folk who live in their shadows. She rode last year more than 4,000 miles, visited 2,000 homes, Ifound “in them 500 trachoma cases: visited 117 schools and found 346 chil- dren suffering from infected eyes. “She saw many sad cases of sickness through neglect. znd of disease through ignorance; she saw drinking springs fed from pig pens. By her personal X n Pa i % EDWARD FLYNN, Seventeenth Infantry, who tried val- fantly to save a messmate from drowning. sound became rough and angry, the sailors fell into a panic—the worst thing, of course, they could have done. * * % They lost what little control they might have exercised over their little craft, and she capsized. Mr. Hoffman, discovering the couple struggling in the wind-tossed waters, dived over the side of his launch to the rescue. Be- ing fully dressed, he was dered, but he succeeded Miss Kaufer and getting her to his boat before it was too late. Her sail- Ing companion was barely able to save himself, though he managed to do so without aid. Quite often there are several New York policemen among the number of medalists of the-class. This year there were only two—Thomas E. Car- mody and Luke H. Grace. The latter, who is a patrolman and lives at No. 7 Scott street, Richmord Hill, L. 1, se- cured his medal on April 7, 1916. The rescue he effected was during the pre- ceding January. It was after midnight and Grace was on patrol along the North river in Bat- tery place when he saw a man, whose name’ proved to be Kennedy, strug- gling in the water. The North river is jcy in mid-January, and by the time Grace had swam out reventy-five feet from the bulkhead and got hold of his man he was chilled to the marrow of his bones. in reaching A _small canal b, the nearest craft-and he made at instead of for shore. Befo, eached it with Kennedy. he was by the workmen 2nd as he came gside the two were helped aboard to Capt Joseph A. Burns, who is grave- ly termed “a good citizen” by his neighbors and friends, is a medalist of the past fiscal year and lives in Brook- 1yn. The rescue he made on August 3, | 1911, and for which ive received a medal last June, was only onec of a number much hin-| Year rrlormoa between the years e he has 1900-191 The captain is 4 seaman well known in his section of the country. Th brave act which merited the medal re- ceived five years later was performed in Bast river, New York. He was in command of the steamer Patrol, om East river, when a man o board thé ‘Willjam McAllfster, plying nearby, &1l into the water. The tide was very high and the grinding propellers of ~both vessels were almost upon the cagtain as, leaping over, he caught hold of the man who had fallen overboard. There in the midst of the churning waters, which the tide made like & maelstrom Burns supported the Me- Allister passenger uptil assistance was glven, and both were drawn up amid the highly excited crowds of the two steamers. J. . Breuer, medalist of Charleston, 8.C., just.a year later than this rescus was effected, earned his hadge of bray- ery in the Ashley river. 8. C. This wias truly heroic_in conception well as in deed. For few men, however brave would dream that they could possibly %o, single-handed, to save ‘three other men whose boat had just capsized in the midst of a gale. It was after night, too, and the boat which Breuer had was a little thing, hardly more than capable of carrying four people, under ordinary efréum- stance: Under these circumstahces most extraordinary, it was indeed a | feat for one man to get three drown- 1 ing men and himself safely into suech a craft in such a gale .and under cover of night. But be d 0. Mr. Breuper has three other rescues to his credit George A. Reed of the metropoll park commission of Boston was glven a silver medal on May 6 last for saving | Jeremiah O'Conmor ~from drowning | The rescue was performed in the Charles river on April 20, 191 Reed, though apparently a very cau- ous person,.did not hesitate to leap into the river and remajn there for twenty-five minute in- the ffort to save O'Connor. Upon getting hbn ashore, Reed resuscitated. the rescued man and took him to a hospital. J. E. BREWER, Who went single-handed after three | men fn the Ashley river, South Caro- timy efforts she left those good and honest but neglected people to wonder what changes can be wrought by knowing hands “These people are the most pitable in the world and all that they | have. including the family -towel and basin. are iree to the visitor, whethe; neighbor or nger; but unfortunate- @ It is in just this way that the in. j fection from trachoma is spread; and therefore one of the most important things is to teach them something of personal hygiene. s‘» “Last year in Muhlenberg county there were nine or more hopelessly blind charges upon the public. One girl who for ten years had been unable to see was operated upon and restored to a life of usefulness, with her sight re- gained.’ The longevity tables gave her thirty years more to 1iv “If her carning capacity be put at only $1 a day, she would in that length of time have received over $9,000. { When blind she had been a charge upo the county at the rate of $80 a year. So total saving of at least $11,000 re- suited, which sum more thancovers e hospital rious counties have provided money for the rent of the houses which ! we hire, and in some cases have adde all sums. Communities are begging to establish hospitals where they can reach them, but we have not the men or the nurses or the money to run them. Each hospital requires twenty beds, a physiclan who is a specialist, in the treatment of eyes, besides nurses land orderlies, and each costs abotut 38,000 a year. “A torpedo destroyer ‘costs about $1.200,000, which is $200,000 more than the total annual appropriations for. the public health servic Out “of that amount it must maintain the marine hospital service, including a sanatorium for tuberculous patients d quaran- tine at all ports of entry to'the United States and our islands. It has a staff of only 200 regular physicians and about part-time men. So the redl reason the ser an do no more for can blind is that it lacks the HE control of the opium indus:r)" is a subject that is given wide publicity, and much has recently | | been written of the persistence of the | i | Chinese opium producers in cultivating ; | thetp broad’ fields of white poppies and ithe measures taksn by the Chinesc| movernment to prohibit the raising “fi poppies. and also the measures which | have been taken by that government in | | utiitzing the services of the soldiery | n destroying the - crops- o poppies | rown in spita ‘of official prohibition. i n the popular mind. China and India | {have been the great sovrces of the world's opium supply, but a Jate Ameri-| ¢an consular report shows that the , cultivation of the poppy plant is‘an im- | portant “industry in Macedonia. an in: i dustry that brings excellent returns to | the growers. It.is said that besides the ! opium extracted- from the flowers, an {oil made -from the. seeds which is superior to Russian sunflower oil and | to American cottonseed 6il. The re- | sidiuin after the oif has been extracted | is pressed- into cakes and used as a | { food For cattle.” FEven in this time of war. it is said that this year's poppy {erop in Macedomia is abundant, and that the exportation of the opiuim ob- tained from the flowers is béing car- ried on with little or no Interruption, Two phyhiciansto the Tombs prison, in New York eity, Drs. Frank A. McGuire and. Perry M. Lichtenstein, who have written extensively .of the @rug habit among men and women, have expressed the opinion that the drugs most often used are opium and its derivatives, with cocaine & good second, or & bad second. Opium is the concrete milky exudation | though the persons addicted to one s |WARNS OF THE DANGERS 1 OF OPIUM .AND COCAINE no means agreeable to those who have not contracted the opium habit. Much is heard at present of the in- crease in the cocaine habit. There no relation between opium and cocalr easily become an addict to the other A plant grows in South Ame , the leaves of which vield a remarkable al kaloid known as cocaine. This coca plant has nothing to do with co with the cocoanut and their numerous products. _The local reputation of the plant is that of a pleasing_and sooth intoxicant, and this effect is had by chewing the leaves mixed with clay or.ashes. In modern medicine and sur gery cocaine and its derivatives have acquired valuable uses and are consid ered.a daily blessing to countless pa- tients of the medical practitioners. - * % Cocaine is a white crystalline pow- der, without odor, and which has a slight acid reactlon and is bitter to the taste.. It is sald that when it is placed on the torgue it produces a tingling sensation, which is followed by numb- ness. The action of cocalne on the nervous system differs from that of opium or morphine. The = use of cocaine, like that of oplum, is no new thing in this world, and its evil effects -have long been i veighed against. Nearly half,a century ago a British medical writer in the Brit- ish Medical Journal called attention to the symptoms of cocainism. “Here is something,” he Wrote, “which quickly re- lieves hunger by deadening the gastric nerves upon which the sense of hunger largely depends, and which has a most pleasing and rapid effect upon discom- fort in_the mouth and nose and throat. It locally relieves congestion and offers itself as an incomparable boon to sing- competent authority to be much great- er than the dangers of oplum, great jand deplorable as they are. In the fn- cyclopedia Medica it is written ‘that even in its legitimate employment co- caine appears to be a more alarming drug than morphia. As an enslaving ldrug it appears to be the most insidious, the most rapid in its comquest, (he | most demoralizing in_its_effects and most permanent In the marke it es upon the few emancipated. ones pictt pedia Medica, continues the Encyelo- ‘of the morphino-maniac, lurid and depressing as it 18, Is but a Jle hazy outline beside that of the aine mudman. Delusions and hallu- ations are not far removed from right insanity and aécording to all observers with the largest experience these unfortunates if mot saved from themselves by having, their Iiberty taken from them before’ it'is too late, become insane, and when insans the gre: hdency 1s toward suleide. In- anity more frequently follows the co- ine habit than any other drug habit Whatever little chance there'is of the morphino-maniac breaking himself of | his vice, there seems to be mone for |the vietim of cocaine.” e et United States as Uncle Sam. | HE practice of calling the Unitea “Uncle Sam” s believed to have originated during the revolutionary war when there was a beef inspector in Troy. N. Y., named Samuel Wilson. Owing to Nis great popularity among, his work- men he was called “Uncle Sam.” After in- specting beef he shipped it to a contractor named Elbert Anderson, marking it “E. A U. 8" Some one asked & workman What those letters stood for, and he, jok- ingly replied, “Probably Elbert Anderson and Uncle Sam.” The joke spread from one to another until people became ac- customed to refer to the packages marked with the letters U. S. as belonging to “Uncle Sam tes A Poet’s Beginning. obtained from the unripe capsules of |ers or speakers who have sore throats |[P) ICHARD LE GALLIENNE was talk. “papaver somniferum” by incision and evaporation- It is usually put on the market in subglobular, flattened, irregular s, chestnut brown. or dark shades of brown in color. The mass is described as plastio, but if kept for some time a hard crust is formed. The cakes of commerce weigh pounds. Opium has & heavy, sweet- ‘mmm‘mmt‘muw and colds and who must somehow fulfill an_engagement. ) \ “Many such admirable artists has it conveyed to lunatic asylum: The curse of cocaine can scercely be over. stated. In many instances the victim of morphine has used cocaine to enable him to rid himself of the morphine hab- from . four ounces to|it. This is to take seven devils as the | dered— bul remedy for one. The dangers of cocaine are sald by ing rather bitterly in & New York cate about the decline of poetry. A shabby young man slunk out, and Mr. Le Gallienne said : “Thre goes Quiller. I knew he'd be u t. He was found, you know, in a bas- on _a doorstep.” “But/’ said a photoplay writer, bewil- t What's that got-—" “It was a waste basket he,w:s found Mr. Le Gallienne explained. in