Norwich Bulletin Newspaper, August 21, 1916, Page 21

Director of the Mint Buys the Metal and Regulates Operations of the Several Mints. Meeting the Demand for Various Coins.| Rigid Tests for All Our %‘é’%}&ffi;&‘f Coins — Formal Com-| | [ EE"Sg, e - || e mission Passes Upon| & | g e e : ffingfii‘fié"m“‘ Integrity ‘of the Coin-| £ b e _ v v b | o iisassacs : age — The. “Limit of| Trsy coatrs Wit Werar o I A o — s T = = Tolerance™ — Gold| iovsarpnidass OrA e\ ¥ . (¢ . . ;y»?é . From Abroad. | WESaey Conmam {25000 S VASHINGTON, D. C., June 22, 1916. ; HE director of the mint 1Is|proval of the Secretary of the Treas- 6d < e duty of super- | ury, I purchased 4,375,000 ounces at an ing gold and silver bulllon|Today that silver is worth more than handled and the metallic money |70 cents an ounce—and we have the g i Tk ity e greatest portion of it on hand. Uncle feactoved o stonr where the | 5o gets full benefit of the advance ullion {s melted, assayed and PUr-|through the seigniorage, which is the chased. difference between the cost of thesme- | tallic content of a subsidiary or minor | coin ana its face value.” | * of the coinage and regulates the oper- | * % fons of the several mints. But he has| yyhen gold is presented at any of directly with the sub-|tne mints or assay offices it is ac- ere the government's|cepted and, after assay, paid for at its money deducting certain No matter | ase the bul- TREDERIC P DEVWEY, metal, deter- »minations The director buys tk ounts and minés the a bullion value, aft minting char; m, after purc and converted into gold which are security for gold certif or paid out for | coin or further purchases of bullion. | often there be a >r bullion on the Atlantic_speculators bars and ship them to other side. Perhaps before they n unshipped the bullion mar- et will have changed, and it will be {returned by the same steamer. Ba have been known in this way to make six voyages across the Atlantic. * * Every three months he issues a proc- lamation of the relative v: coins or ses of all s of the world; gold - ting ¢ onstant in value, but silver | The proclar rew coins and fon, of course AsS18manT FRMoVING CurrLsTrOM, S UETLE, JBATED T 1000 DE GREES TOR.OF N - 3 CENTIGRADE.. USs Minm N tes all nge: Mr. Robert W. Woolley, the director, s a study of all these sub- some of his tr T hor b Tt hhes | The most common forms in which |the European war would melt away in | examined critically for any defects in |ard, and takes the tests along with the| By a different process, almost equally | melting pot to be converted into Ameri- e A i 1o | Bold Isifitedented are: about six days. | color, execution, weight and chemical | bullion of the coinage. If it does not|interesting, the silver coins—dollars|can eagles or certificate bars, to be pe TinaT ot | e e oH Lomntutes, aentyens * { aualities. | come out the same as when it entered |and the subsidiaries, dimes, quarterscredited to the trensurer against the FICK 1N~ and Gbls: 192 EoDRIl pin e acnL 0t trad "1 ] s * | The eve is a sufficiently good instru- |the muffle, or oven, something is|and haif dollars, are proved by a solu- draft which was given to Morgan & ot LT oy s |G B EROTL AR yoRe ) b Es he i o 1y the standard | Ment to determine the evenness of color, | wrong, and the regular assays must|tion of common salt o. not, in my opinion, because |smelte of ich carries but| The mints coin not only the standard oL SouR A &' T O e ; : - | but magnifying glas sces, but at times they also strike off | to examine the i fford to spend dimes and |ljttle nings and swe tr p- ounces, and its handling and safe stor- ion and gauges | When the carrier was filled with the |the whole coin and chop it to pieces, et e S L R T Sl e r special purposes, such as the | to test the shape. Scales, or balances, | packages it was taken to the muffle,| Which are mixed up fo secure averame|age alone was a hard task. Although B nass of the people, loffices, and others who use this metal relhos Tale T ut | that narily be considered | which was heated to a white heat, | Samples. s done because for |passed by the British mint as standard receive . now have work |in the arts: some gold from pawn- s 2 How about| rery ate a measure the |about 1,000 centigrade. Within the | Some reason th ndency for the |money (the British standard for fine- earn the picces to spend for |shops, watch cases. medals, wedding gold ¢ r the Mc- | yoar o her hht | e e euncls, | siiversim an i aw toward the [ness is 916.66) it had to be assayed in ittle : pers, 5-cent |rings and br x rial in iz i alline S s compared | Shaped something Iike the eups In & |center. leaving the alloy nearer the|New York and checked up in Washing. . e chlloren | gofd Sire hecutita . - the head | With the balances u in weighing | box of water color paints, and one of Surface. Of course is very slight, ton. It was melted 6,000 ounces at a 1r machines. |artistic Fghean 2 up the assay samples, which are so fing | the packages was placed in each of | DUt it Sometimes makes the run of the|time in crucibles: it iwas stirred with This gener r them indicates [burncd a | of the former and the memb- it LS 050, SERDIeS MIICh azessoitine | b Dackazon metal a litle uneven |a mixer resembling the dasher of an 1t work is plentiful all over the land Phi rial building Ohis sk This bureau tested 266 pieces of silver |old-fashioned hand churn; but the oper- of a gram * These phy requiring ¢ ical processes, although * * S and exact knowledge of | It is unnecessary, perhaps, to sav|ipnn of, t°! the laws and care, are very simple, DUt | that each piece was deposited in cer- | thousandihs . ne the fineness or the exact |y,in order so that it would be identified| Connected with the mints at San amount of pure gold in each coin re- Francisco and Denve v quires and is worthy of a more extend- | When removed and its content be com- | Lran AR e s I believe, oue of the strong indi- of prosperity. order to. keep as nearly as pos- in touch..with the demand for he amounts of each denom- ded for a ‘given period—the * m all well within the ators were very careful not to spill a nce, which is greater |drop gold. being three one| Some of the molten metal was granu- place. coinag fnation ne lated in water, to be used as samples, and cuttings, for the same purpose, made from the cold bars into wer, director confers frequently with the uire z New York assay office are refineries for | wi e theatiinar of tHe Unitaa .r’iu, Who 1g| One of the most Interesting e lele»»l ption | pared with its recorded weight. | the treatment of such metals as re- | WDRich the metal was run. In constant communication with the |automatic chan pa s provides that the coin metal | what takes place within the retort is|quire it; and they, during the past fls- | ¥ great banks of the country. The own- |hlanks from v o 050 o fine; that is, 900 parts in | the fusing of everything in the cupel, | cal year, recovered as by-products from * ¥ Brs of the ks, of course; reflect the | J1onks fro! he 1,000 shall be pure gold, the other |where the lead takes all the copper|the metals treated there in copper Several | | ahipments approximating needs of thelr customers, who have to parts shall be copper, or copper with |from the gold and the two are absorb- | platinum, $96,000; palladium, | 3 e a i St ot et SR TR iy SR ilver not to exceed ten parts. |ed by the bone ash cupel, leaving the | and iridium, $5,100. | 250,000 ounces each were received an for pay rolls, etc i ko “Ymit of tol e o t L o done is to | silver with the gold. | tinum, on account of its jrar- |disposed of In the same way. 3 within a “limit of tole a certai Ashbrook, | remov > alloy and determine wheth- | During the fu rocess offe may | ity. is h Seven times as much as | = = 13 B Py | weight. As thi commit- |er t 1d which is left represents 900 | have a peep within the mufe as the|E0ld; and is In demand in laboratories | DUring the fiscal year ending June 30, « . | eagle is only half sures, (parts within the limit of tolerance, |copper and lead are passing away, and | because it cannot be attacked by any [1915, there was presented for assay It is Interesting to study the char- | enly par ittee, one-thousandth above or be-|see in the bottom of each tiny basin an | single acid. | bullion or coin to the amount of $170,- acter and size of demands. As I have |t 0 arion oor the re- | oval mass glowing with all the colors| The dish, basket and buckets used |;oo oo »aid, there is at present a p: arly | pe 2 s ghed | * of an opal. Care is ta to keep an|bY Mr. Dewey in washing the silver (000.000. i Y RInadee yoee 2 arly ; s tecba ke leven temperature in the muffle lest the | from the gold with nitric acid are val-| The gold production of the United argent need of nickels and one-cent |} fizoy L legal| oy PRa molten gold “freeze” or solidify in the|ued at $2,500; and they could be car-|States for the year 1915, according to pieces. This demand will continue— | . it | ek ] Spuuder test AL 5 deorn. 3 jrled away in a two.pound candy boX. |the estimates of the bureau of the probably increase—but from July until | goe; = ee teste the weights |this time is a ten or a twenty dollar When all the lead and copper are re- = mint and the geological surve was hristmas we are likely to be swamped | TR R comparing them with |gola p and the £old and alloy are |moved there remains a beautiful little * Heatlyl§09.000.000.F comding Sfrom dbs with additional orders for dimes, quar- the enorr e bureau of stand- | 4 S Al e - | pellet of gold ana silver, an all the mestic mills and _smelters. s rs and half dollars sl o evenly mixed that it 1s not necessary | 555, *pe®*taken away’ nothing will| There are now in the mints or the|mMestic mills and smelters. Of tug “As the holidays draw nearer the expedient tc 0 ff more than a tenth of an ea remain but pure gold treasurfes of the United States go0ld |ana Colorado $22,000,000. Alaska fol- banks will also ask r quarter eag! 1s of | for assay is piece, when cut off, Nitric acid, which does not appre-!bullion in the shape of bars, against |lowed with $17,000,000; Nevada, with and half ¢ 3 of 1916 coinage, to run b een ordinary cold steel roll-ciably attack gold or platinum, is al & ific: v en is- | $12,000,000; South Dakota, Montana, {sfy the annual demand for gold pieces o 1 | ers until it is formed into thin strips. | dissolvent of silver, and, therefore, the | Voich Eold certificates have been is-|$12,000.000; Soutd THexete. - HUr s used for gifts. L » the donors of =y e o Sl Porti of pur. | pellet pressed now into a narrow rib-|Sued, of the value of $1,690,387,000. |0 ¥0N™ S, PHIENEL DO supplied the gold pieces realize, incidentally the T Sig ach m, bon and done up in a tiny roll like a|This must all be tested fn the same |pearly all the remainder. how many of them find their way back B Rt s fine | carpet, is dropped Into a platinum cub | way as the gold colnage to check up| In 1915, up to November 1, $345,560,- into the Tre v eIt tor of the r filled with nitric acid. The silver is| . = 1 into this country. the work of the assayers, on whose |000 in gold flow nately report the department has purchased |APPTOXIMAfoly 8068000 the gold. 3 24,000,000, from Australia; $19,000,000, Samples taken from every fifth melt r S0 that two- ates ma Dag prndlr dissolved and collected (for nothing st be lost) and there remains in ch cup a tiny roll of pure gold 6,300,000 _through after the hollday “As to the purchase of gold and sil- the mi 3 authorized to the scales a | gold and adds to or take 1°it_until there is, within a | weighing something less than half a e onl Japan; $13,500,000, from South fogunt at the. Liiform e ctor, more than one-third of matters to th . tenths of ram, o half a|gram (its original weight less the al- | o 'S21° (S BT “BN TS Aepariomant. | Americat £11:500,000, fron: Franc S0 an ounce, 1.000 fine, S L oo e nanons Wi I Huch hestics 5 | Eramt ety g0l orms from | loy ol Drocooniit et 100 he 'West Indles, an stlver varies, however, and. the | Lo, _be, colned; otherwise . He 15 | the lead a little horn, or cornucopla, | It is weighed on the delicate scale| WRISR procecds to find out exactly how | 000,000, from the We amounts which may be purchased over | 1o’ eqery e o e teens Te 35l into which he places the gold adas|and the result ‘compared “with ts|™ni3 DULS EDN, IOV FORISSSRE . | |$9.000,000 from Mexifo, ng the same the counter, at a price fixed from time | sented at the same timer o o> oF nting, ; the gram of sil B me s |welght before) the additton of ihe =il , TA2 PAIE SR TORTAS SRS Beon | Tne lexports of Eold | to time by the director of the mint, R he law’ | Placed in the proper place in a hu)n‘l\.,»r_ It will be 900-1000 of the former | jc.cially at New York, due to the enor- f’_l;h_ imports of gold in 1914 were range from $100 worth to 10,000 ounces. | of the pre * ol o Taci. e ollisms Just ke it | weleht, If the coln was of $he exatl|pous lnfow of gold from Tnrepe o lsstitag gos wad the exnorts, $988616s This may be pald for either with a |cour SGor % [anstva i o ny(j;,. diferer | fineness :élhi““ll' sl “z“'ll! |this country, to be exchanged for mules, | 5o’ heck or with fine silver, as the direc- | of the Francisco mint one Of course he has kept an exact rec- | from this, and the average of two test- | pors, Projectilent rifen; " muns’ andi| G 1o ht it s Dresent. the s tor elects. At present the deposits are | he can be trusted ot 1o carrs {r: | Under the rules of the bureau, each | (74 Of the welght of the gold in each|ed pieces is taken as the true assay | other munitions of war made by Ameri- | ¢ J05 020 SOISHEN S RUNCTY TP ¢he Thougn T the aggregate thay Loions: |be shown a little pile of gold, of /the, colnage mints submlits sam-|from the otHer ten in thafithey co tain | = | 8 dH3E amount, $130,000,000 in Brit- |(ranster of matural resources—coal. as large as might be, considering the | 19090000y, it gy Plenlfrom, thee liveries of coins of | Dure £old instead of cofn gold and are * x ish SovereiEns, was presented i the |rom. petroleum, copper and the ifke. high price of tho white metals. welghing 400 and 1,000 ounces each denomins week, If so many o Jas 25 1 DProcess tol ou¢ of 270 gold coins tested dufing New Jork subtreasury, through J. P lpork, lard, wheat and corn—for many colname at San Fragcises eoa ayer Jlor | This heap of precious Al wo run s cted un- | “You must not touch it” sald Mr.|the past vear Mr. Dewey found all|aursen & ‘araft on the United |piles’ of Eold bars, like those in the ‘ el SRR T D ] T e ttle cruiser cert: each run are | Dew 1s he exhibited a ribbon made | within the legal requirements; 64 were | States trea for 90 per cent of |San Francisco mint, an advantag Bt cor s po e R oW ok thau f ant by ¢ actor; sent to wsury Depart- | of the pure gold, “for it must be pre-|of the exact standard and 124 were| this sum shen the delivery was made; |exchange for the people of this coun- ’ i SerNG L Fhreca ps fidaavonii upe meet expense ment fc t. They are | served perfectly free. It is the stand- | within one ten thousandth of it, | and the sovereigns were sent to the [try? : 1 GREATEST AGRICULTURAL LIBRARY IN THE WORLD Spectal Correspondence |1t &lves to the world the results v , = 0 the cases of cards ind leather bound sides and brass [the Information stored in the llbrary|ed the Morrill act providing special|plant and animal diseases, depends WASHINGTON, D. C,, June 22, 1916. |concern the welfare of millions | Wwho! tory of each s are the delight of the book |to reach the farmer in an indicecs|funds for the ngr:culrv‘uu\l or land xreml]lurzny upon the examination and study OW many of the millions of | Some day. when the great structure use. This great key | manner. colleges. 1In 1887 the Hatch act for [of the printed observations of other farmers in the United States XE‘;“}‘“‘“! to house the Department of lock perfectly, ile upon the bject of old vol- | * agricultural experiment stations helped | workers. e is col npleted, the library .5 ranely 4 e mentioned that A x the cause. The Adams act gave fur-| “The library may be said to have it may as w re is kept un realize that the most exten- |will find its place in the administra- when Mr. W. iock and key in |ther money and encouragement to|been reorganized in 18 | sive and the most important |tion building, which will form the | The extens catalogue of the basement « fbrary a large | BY sending the books out of the libra-| 224, TS | SO0 (PROCAMEONTE L ag i)! Cutter, now librarian of the BEngi- AicatRl e i the .;nrnin:'n.hmn magnificent group. At | of ti nt of A8 icul- ctior re and valuable old |f¥ to the various state agricudtural col-|passed the agricultural extension, or neering Society’s library in New York, resent the ,000 books and pam- | not alone a catalogue of books o ic sotany and ! leges ; S | Smitn- e Rk e results|was & S s world is the library of the Department [phlets comprising this storehouse of d upon the shelves of the li e y-x"‘n';”;f PR \\t\lr"li ]ei e :nd SSherLacnt stitiony throush: Z'(“r”fi If:Q:\‘6u{é:,;'a1m}‘«k):fic!:h%\'vhui‘v'l's- T h s vu—xl-.'?n:émn:: = 2 iited s EROwIEde. Tars: s tert AT : 5 s to some exten eces,. ma g i thlout the country s 2 ° e e ai augura of Agriculture at Washington? Ditated knowledge are con enfently | brar oper. but s to some extent a Dlates, R, "; Yy they are of use t0)i; (1o farmers through county agents,|printed cards. for the lications of And show mamySat then svegaware | a2t T0HS 00 SUE Rew Ten @ DAl | Pibliograpliy .of the ltoraiupe andithe al division of the library = these institutions who are|a]] of these forming a wonderful net- [the Department -of Agriculture. His vhich are temporarily serving the |allicd sciences e it contains cards ortant one, and its room has | €N8aged In solving the agricultural{work of agricultural knowledge ex- |successor, Miss Josephine A. Clark, in- that this library, which has been grow- | Departm nt of Agriculture for books of i st to the department 1 features of interest. The 2,000, | problems of their respective states,|tending from the department to the |stituted the co-operative arrangement ing and developing in Washington for | The librarian ocupies the first room |which are ir of Congress s £ The 2 A 5 sas . S the past forty-eight years, is managed |on the right of the front entrance of |and other i | B 50 claneaos tans tme henais, TOOM | When a book or perfodical which can- | °P® % e LavineLioesiy Ok Conerpae Rl e by & woman? the bullding at 1338 B street south-| It ‘therefors, a 1s mot contatned | ¢on 053 Dok and ohoose i will |DOt €0 out of the library is needed for * library a measure of economy and * west. It Is a llght, pleasant, well fur- | in this main libr S0 thronen ihe |3mone the shelves, although they are |use in the work of a state agricultural| e lent last year to agricultural |eficlency, which has since then boen P nished office, with all appointments har- | frequently know nd_ through the | 2MOM! £ hoge : | take / many other gov iy a4 woman s [[Plously blended and made attractivo |interlibrary loan system which prevatls |50 MFieq ChAf &0, [ARiy, o, (he assist- | college or experiment station, a photo- | colleges and other institutions outside |\iigy P DY Many e 4 g mannered wo! by growing plants and cut flowers. [between this and other libraries it is g I 3 = e made of the article or sec- v <. “Whi Miss Claribel R. Barnett, who since|Mlss Barnett invited her visitor to|usually available fo the reader. The | 'icdiately place his hand upon a de- |tion desired. of Washington many books. Inter-| “While the head of the main library early womanhood, and after her grad- |T0am at will through the series of |« tific workers in the department, | 5¢°0 Magazine. The current numbers| But the library comes to the farmer|library loans have had great increase T e T ) s rooms forming the library, to g n t o Steiy ven oA of periodicals are widely circulated |mainly through the bulletins of the de- |in libraries i 1ithronghoubithe [io DTt OCRE E00 Joensia complote cata- uation from the University of MIChI- |ingividual impression. =~ oo o | B ey o e ihocPeCial | among the scientists, some of them | partment. 1o the beiciine of the de-|in libraries in general throughout the |iocie of all the resources of ihe iibrary, gan and her course at the New York s | not mecessarily call for them in person. |ECINE to as many as twenty different | bulletins and other publications of the|C0Untry, and every wide awake library (it e o Bule v braniog State Library School has worked here. % - The telephone and the messenger serv- | OHCes: Separmencicspectaliviiaes ot dingen] todagiIs Anding louthwhart s iayatiable [JHlch /cantaly (RRclalhopld moanived ice are the media by which books are | It 1 the aim of the library to con- |interest to the farming community, the |in other libraries. All the libraries in |{OF the technical work of the bureaus here. By visible evidence as well as by 1 tai o speci z ; 4 using them. A large part of the ref- s ¥ | orde d brought to them, and both | tain the important, especially the of- | collection in the library assists by giv-| . 5 3 e a Commencing as head cataloguer, she [invisible proof one realizes that per- |are e comiant nint to th d Both | a1, agricultural publications of every | 1Mz printed opinions and the resuits of | Washington co-operate in this work to Bronce ol faifone o thodnuraan became assistant librarian, and when, |fect teamwork is the rul h civilized country. Even Chinese and |the experience of past investigations|the incalculable benefit of all. hl‘&“‘i W H‘“g arbe n close touch with t ears ago, its former 1 s te 2 p s oracng /g * Japanese agricultural books and peri- |all over the world. “The wagon of the Library of Con-|the needs of the bureaus L 4 ncumbent, | thirty-three assistants who, with the % odicals can be found here. It is not| Sald Miss Barnett, in a recent talk “Few people have any idea of the Miss Josephine A. Clark, left the serv- gress calls here every day to deliver ice of the government 10 become libra- rian at Smith College, Miss Barnett|smooth and noiseless tracks in this stepped into the position for which her [ important branch of the service training had prepared her. ; : known that the Japanese |“The aim of the library of the Depart- > importance of the department libraries dly complemented by that of the as- |have 150 agricultural experiment sta~|ment of Agriculture, and its main pur-|bPooks which have been ordered and tolin the government service. Mr. Put- I sistant librarian, Miss Fmma B. Hawke, | tions in their own country, which have [ pose, is to ald the investigations car-|take back those which have been used. | nam, librarian of Congress, once sald & AR G e g * | vielded splendid results. { ried on by the department. But we|prom this one library alone our aver. |that the Library of Congress, with the Nowhere else under the sun is there All the rooms in this book domain | WhoSe desk is In B rence room, | The influence of the library of the|also look at it in a broader light. We e ATETt bnl K AT Ceer Heoks oA group of other libraries maintained by such a force of sci¢ntists working for |have an alr of fitness to purpose, con- | COnveniently near the card catalogue. | Department of Agriculture on the gen-|regard it as the national agricultural age. req ca the national government. may be re- one object as is employed by the Uaiten | venis ey Sl e it | Beyond the reference room is the maln | ¢ral welfare of the farming community | library, serving not only the depart-| “Needless to say.the library is ex- | garded as the National Library. Btates . Department ‘of Agriculture. |de corps manifests Itself, and work | reading room, where the student who | MY R BRahat s Nt n e b BT e 2 sRriouitual | foneively Uil Ui e propazation of tha | “wnts eo-operation prescnt corps ma 3 a - fupon caref vestigation g e en Of|guletly and effectively performed is {is making a prolonged study of a sub- |evident that this influence, although in-| ty agents who are the direct advisers of |preparation of statistical bulletins, es- |the work of the federal service. In this Bbteougdes ang tew e producing | the impression one gains of the es- ject may read at length and in greater |direct, is great. The value of books to|the farmers, and all who are engaged |pecially those which refer to the crops |interlibrary co-operation there is no the most a e 8 of study, |tablishment. Miss Barnett has a way § the farmer is becoming more and more |in_agricultural research. and markets of other countries, would | competition; only the reciprocal inter- librarian, make the wheels run upon | The work of the librarfan is splen- | generally d one of it becomes | colleges, experiment stations, the coun- |bulletins which go to the farmers. The |the great lessons of co-ordination in GbSetl lon, Tesearch nd eperiment. lof mspiring her co-workers which is |quist than Iz afforded by the veference| o iach It la obyiousty Impossiblo for| “This coUBLry I8 meling great strides) ot O i wantrles, Wo to | change of courtésies all along the line, This army of scientists depend upon |fruitful in ample and”efiicicnt results. | Here, too, is kept a collection of | the great army of farmers throughout(in agricultural history. In 1862 the |the literature relating to those coun. |and complete union, based upon a das the library for the written lore which| The reference rocs one of the|rare and valuable editions, whose an- |the land to come to Washington to con- | Depar v i e - ati v The r of the |ra and valua 3 e - a t ing -|Department of Agricuiture was estab- [tries. The identification of useful |sire to serve the people in the fulles( ¢ must be consulted again and again ere 'most interesting in the library, its ' ocient type and crude illustrations, vel- 'sult the library, but it is possible for lished, and in the same year was pass- ! plants, of weeds and noxious insects, of | degreey e