Norwich Bulletin Newspaper, December 9, 1914, Page 9

ping Bill as They Were by Railroad Subsidies—Advo- . tains There Has Been No~ Negligence ‘of National De- fenses—Urges Economy in Government Expénditures i —Opposed to Big Standing Army. are not prepared to use them ately and at their best, without and without waste. Stunted Merchant Marine. To speak plainly, we_ bhave sn!flv stunted and hind the t! of our merchant m;gl.ueé A:tn:o'z' when e i of the great responsibility | we need ships. we have x them. ?‘:«'?fi'upon us. We shall learn and | We have year after year deba:d, with- rofit by the lésson of every experience | out énd or conclusion, the it &w every new circumstance; and what | to pursue with regard to the use of is peeded will be adeguately dome. the ores and forests and water Aseem’ 3 in thejof natio; L1 in the bled in Jjoint seesi::dn osourd‘nalw.:z;un hall of the House, senators Tepre- the we w t read | have acted; and they are still X sentatives heard the presiden N A sm? perso; om ! up. ug! o adm"l“h‘e’ it:xz of x:hfg ‘message fol- | the door shut fast at which thousands ‘Washington, Dec. §.—President Wil- lon“i:n ;li:t"m“u address to congress today, gave his answer to those who contend the United States is pared for national defense. o o there be no misconcention,” el R R e . _ formed. We have nof : » = of national defense. We are not un- A « J . U c . llC‘l xfl are 15 inch es high and e L xa_-;_ iana’” Eaceshigh s s altogether e to open them, or altogether GENERAL DANKL 18 AUSTRIA'S HOPE IN HER HOUR OF NEED. provided, even Shhn the ‘carriage is Gentlemen of the Congress: of vigorous men, full of initiative, knock clamorously for admittance. The water power of our na vigable The session upon which You are n0W|oytside the national domain gl entering will Dbe the closing session of the Sixty-third Congress, a. 0, even in the eastern States, where we have Congress, | worked and planned for generations, is 1 venture to say, which will long be|still not used as it might be, because rememberea for the great thoughtfl and constructive work which it has done, in loyal response to the|palance encouragement and needs of the country, I :"!‘lg".'fidhllike in this address to review the notable record and try to make ad- equate assessment of #; but no doubt we stand too near the work that has Lbeen done and are ourselves too mucn part of it to play the part of historlans 1OV it. o.\!?;gm'er. our thoughts are now more of the future than of the past. While we have worked at our tasks of peace the circumstances of the whole age have been altered by war, What we have dome for olur own land and our own people we did with the best that us. whether of character or of intelligence, with sober enthusiasm 1nd a confidence in the principles upon ch we were acting which sustained us at e step of the difficult under- {aking; but it is done. It has passed from our hands. ‘It is now an estab- part of the legislation of the . Its usefulnesg, its effects will themselves in experience. What rikes us now, as we look about these closiuz days of a year 1 be forgver memorable in of the world, is that we face have been facing them these six months, must face them 1n the months to come—face them without partisan feeling, like men who have forgotten everything but a commeon duty and the fact that we are repre- sentatives of a great people -whose thought is not of us but America owes to herself and to all ind in sueh circumstances as upon which we look amazed and anxious. War Interrupts Trade and Producfim War has interrupted the means of de not only but also the processes production. Tn Europe it is de- stroying men and reseources wholesale E upon a scale unprecedented and There is reason .to fear e is near, if it be not al- T at hand, when several of the countries of Furope will find it difficult ta @6 for their people what they have hitherto been always €asily able to do, essential and fundamental At any rate, they will need elp and our manifold services as Y have never needed them before; znd we should_be ready, more fit and than we haveé ever been. 1t i3 of equal consequence that the nations whom Europe has usually sup- plied with innumerable articles of man- ufacture and commerce of which they are in constant need and without whick their economic development halts and stands still can now get wnly a small part of what they formerly imported and eagerly look to us to supply their all but empty markets, This is par- ticularly true of our own neighbors, the States, great and small, of Central and South America. Their lines of trade have hitherto run chiefly athwart the seas, not to our ports but to the vorte of Great Eritain and of the older continent of Europe, I do not stop to inguire why, or to make any com- ment on probable -causes. What in- terests us just now is not the explana- tion but the fact, and our duty and op~ portunity in the presence of it. Here are markets which we must supply, and we must find the means of action. The United States, this great people for whom we speak and act, should be ready, as never befcle, to serve itself and to serve mankind; ready with its resources, its energies its, forces of production, and its means of distribu- tian. It is a very practical matier. a mat- ter of ways and means. We have the resources, but are we fully ready to use them? And, if we can make ready what we have, have we the means at hand to distribute it? We are not fully ready; neither have we the means of distribution, We are willing, but e are not. fully able. We have the ish to serve and to serve greatly, generously: but we are not prepared 2s we should be. to mobilize cur resources at once. We are not ready We body offwe will and we won't; because the Jaws we have made @o not intelligently against re- straint. We withhold by regulation. I have come to ask you to remedy and correct these mistakes and omisr sions, even at this short session of a Congress which would certainly seem to have done all the work that could reasonably be expected of it, The time and the circumstances are extra. :fdiw‘;’. and so must our efforts be s0. Two Great Measures. Fortunately, two great measures, finely conceived, the one to unlock, with proper safeguards, the resources of the national domain, ‘the other to encourage the use of the navigable ‘waters outside that doi generation of power, . have already passed the House of Representatives and are ready for immediate consid- eration and action by the Senate. With the deepest earnestness 1 urge their prompt passage. In them both we turn our backs upon hesitation and malkeshift and formulate a genuine pol. icy of use and conservation, in the best sense of those words. We owe the one measure not only to the people of that great western country for whose free and systematic develop- ment, as it seems to me, our leglsla- tion has done so little, but also to the people of the Nation as a whale; and we as clearly owe the other in ful- fillment of our repkated promises that the water power of the country:should in fact as well as in name be put at the disposal of great industries which can thake economical and profitable use of it, the rights of the public being adequately guarded the while, and monopoly in the use prevented. To have begun such measures and not completed them would indeed mar the record of this great Congress very seri- ously, I hope and confijlently believe that they will be compldged. Philippines Bill, And there is another great piece of legisiat®on which awaits and should re- ceive the sanction of the Senate: T mean the bill which gives a larger measure of self-government to the people of the Philippines. How better, in this time of anxious questioning and perplexed policy, could we show our confidence ‘in the principles of liberty, as the source as well a8 the expression of life, how better could we demon- strate our own self- session and steadfastness in the courses of justice and disinterestedness than by thus going calmly forward to fulfill our promises to a dependant people, who will now look more anxiously than ever| g to seo whether we have indeed the liberality, the unselfishness, the cour- age, the faith we have boasted and pro- fessed. I can not believe that the Senate will let this great measure of constructive justice await the action of another Congress. Its passage would nobly crown the record of these two years of memorable labor. But I think that you will ‘with me that this does not complete the toll of our duty. How are we to carry our goods to the empty markets of which I have spoken if we have not the ships? How are we to build up a great trade if we have nnt! :¥e certain and con- stant means of ransportation upon which all profitable and useful com- merce depends? And hovv are we to get the ships if we wait for the trade to develop without them? To correct the many mistakes by which we have discouraged and all but destroved the merchant marine of the country, to retrace the steps by which we have, it seems almost deliberately, with- drawn our flag from the seas, except where, here and there,. a ship of war is bidden carry it or some wandering vacht displays it, would take a long time and involve many detailed items of legislation, and the trade which we ought immediately to handle would disappear or find channels while we debated the items, Shipping Bill, The case is not unlike that which n for the|tor not at first profitable; and then, when the carriage has become sufficiently profitable to attract and engage private capital, and engage it in abundance, the Government ought to withdraw. T very earnestly hope that the Congress will be of this opinion, and that both Houses will adopt this exceedingly important bill. Rural Credits and Safety at Sea. The great subject of rural credits stil! remains to be dealt with, and it is a matter of deep regret that the dif- ficulties of the subject have seemed to render it impossible to complete a bill for passage at this session. But it can not he perfected yet, and there- fore there are no other constructive measures the pecessity for which I will at this time call your attention to; but ¥ would be negligent of a very man- ifest duty were I not to call the at- tention of the Senate to the fact that the proposed convention for safety at sea awaits its confirmation and that the limit fixed ir the convention itself its acceptance is the last day of the present month. The conference in wricl this convention originated was calleq by the United States; the representatives of the United States played a very influential part indeed in framing the provisions of the .pro- posed convention; and those provisions are in themselves for the most part admirable. 1t would hardly be com- sistent with the part we have played in the whole matter to let it grop and go by the board as if forgotten and neglected. It was ratified in May last by the German Government and in August Dy the Parliament of Great Britain. It marks a most hopeful and decided advance in international clv- ilization. We should show our earnest good faith in a great matter by adding our own acceptance of it Alaskan Coast Line. There is another matter of which I must make special mention, if I am to discharge my conscience lest it should escape your attention. . 1t may seem a very small thing It effects a single item of appropriation. But many buman lives and mary great enter- prises hapng upon it. It is the matter of making adequate provision for the survey and cl ing of our coasts. It is immediately pressing and exigent in connection with the immense coast line of Alaska, a coast line greater than that of the United States themselves, though it is also very important in- deed with regard to the older coast of the continept. We can not use our great Alaskan domain, ships will not ply thither, if those coasts and their many hidden dangers are not thorough- ly surveyed and charted. The work is incompléte at almost every point. Ships and lives have been lost in threading what were supposed to be well-known main channels, We have not proviGed adequate veggels or ade- uate machinery for the survey and charting. We have used old vessels that were not big enough or strong enough and which were s0 nearly un- £eaworthy that our inspectors would not have allowed pilvate owners to send them to sea. This Is a matter which, as I have said, seems small, but iz in reality very great. Its im- portance has only to be looked into to be appreciated. Economy in Government Expen Before 1 close may I say a words upon two topics, much cussed out of doors, upon which it is highly important that our judgments should be clear, definite, and steadfast? One of. these is economy in govern- ment expenditures. The duty of econ- omy is not debatable. It is manifest and imperative. In the appropriations v7e pass we are spending the money of the great people whose servants we are—-not our own—we are . trustees and responsible stéwards in the spend- ing. The only thing debatable and upon which we should be careful to make our thought and purpose clear is the kind of economy demanded of| us, I assert with the greatest confl. dence that the people of the United States are not jealous of the amount their Government costs if they are sure that they get what they need and desire for the outlay, that the money is being spent for objects of which they ap- prove, and that it is being applied with business sense and management. ._Governments grow, plecemeal, both in their tasks and in the means by which those tasks are to be performed, and very few Governments are organ- ized, T venture to say, as wise and ex- perienced business men would organize them if they had a clean sheet of a T o write upo; Certainly the srnment of the United States is not. T think that it is generally agreed that there should be a systematic re- organization and reassembling of its parts so as to secure greater efficiency and effect considerable savings in ex- pense. But the amount of _money saved in that way wouid, I believe, though no doubt considerable in itself, running, it may be, into_millions, be relative small,—small, I mean, in proportion to the total necessary out- lays of the Government. It would be thoroughly worth, effecting, as every General Dankl, the Austrian general of th ipal lve army .| part of the war when the Russans met 'm'"fin"' own thoughts, I shall, at least in part, ever ang . inadequately, this vital matter. At Poace With World, ‘We are at peace with all the world. No one who speaks counsel based on fat or drawn from a just and candid interpretation of realities can say that thau‘: reason to fear that "f,: r;:y guarter our independence or - temti’ of our territery is threatened. Dy of the power of any pation we are incapable of. We are not jealous of ‘rivalry in the fields of commerce or of any other peaceful achievement. We mean to live our own lives as we will; but we mean also to let live. We are, indeed, a true friend to all the nations of the world, because we threaten none, covet the possessions of none, desire the overthrow of nome Our friendship can be accepted and is accepted without reservation, because it i3 offered in a spirit and for a pur- pose which no one nead ever gquestion or suspect. Therein lies our greatness. We are the champions of peace and of concord. And weshould be very jeal ous of this distinction which we have sought to earn. Just now we should be particularly jealous of it, because it is our dearest present hope that this character and repitation may-present- ly. In God’'s providence, .bring us an opportunity such as has seldom been vouchsafed any nation, the opportuni. ty to counsel and obtain peace in the world and reconclliation and a healing settlement of many a matter that has cooled and interrupted the friendship of nations. This is the time above all others when we should wish and resolve to keep our strength by self- possession, our Influence by preserving our ancient principles of aection, Never a Large Standing Army. From the first we have had a clear and settled policy with regard to mii- itary establishments. We never have had, and whilo we retain our present principles and ideals we never shall have a large standing army. If asked, Are you ready to defend vourselves? we reply, Most assuredly, to the ut- most; and yet we ghall not turn Amer- ica into a military camp. We will not ask our young men to spend the best of their lives making soldiers of them- selves. There Is another sort of en- erzy in us. It will know how to de- clare itself and make itself effective should occasion arise. And especially when half the world is on fire we shall be careful t. make our morai insur- ance against the spread of the con- flagration very definite and certain and adequate indeed. upon Citizenry Trained and Accustomed to Arms. Let us remind ourselves, therefore, of the only thing we can do or will do. We must depend in every time of natienal peril, in the future as in the past, not upon a standing army, nor yet upon a reserve army, but upon a citizenry tralned and accustomed to arms. It will be right enough, right American policy, based upon our ac- customed principles and practices, to rrovide a system by which every citi- zén who will volunteer for the train- ing may be made familiar with the use of modern arms, the rudiments of drill and maneuver, and the maintenance and sanitation of eamps. We should encourage such fraining and make it a means of discipline which our young men will learn to value. 1t is right that we should le it mot only, but that we should make it as at- tractive as possible, and so induce our young men to undergo it at such times as atney ue:k co;nmm ;.ull:’ge freedom and can se the pl velopment ;:e}' n::_d, for mere th.m:'- sake, hll T nothing more. Every means by Wwhich such things can be stimulated is legitimate, and such a method smacks of true American ideas. It is right, too, that the National Guard of the States snould be developed and strengthened by every means which is not inconsistent with our obligations to our own people or with the estab- lished policy of our Government. And this, also, not because the time or oc- casion cells for such measures, but because it should be our constant poli- cy to make these provisioms for our national peace and safety. Reversal of Polity, More than this carries with it a reversal of the whole history and char- acter of our polity. More than this, proposed at this time, permit me to » would mean merely that we had lost our self-possession, that we had been thrown off our balance by a war with whith we kave nothing to do, whose causes can not touch us, whose very existence us o] unities of friends! speak th also, how-, with overwhelming victories in Gali- cla. There is no new need We shall not aiter our attitude toward it Decause some amongst us are mérvous and excited. We shall easily and sensibly agree up- on a policy of defenge. The questiol has not changed its aspects becaus: the times are not normal. Our polic will not be for an occasion, It will be conceived as a permanent and settle: thing, which we will pursue at a seasons, without haste and after fashion perfectly consistent with peace of the world, the abiding fri ship of states, and the unhampered freedom of all with whom we deal. Let there be no misconception. The coun- try has been misinformed. We have not been negligent of national defense. We are not unmindful of the great re- sponsibility resting upon v, We shall learn and profit by the lesson of every experience and every new circum- stance; and what is needed will be ad-; equately done. 1 close. as I began, by reminding you of the great tasks ana duties of! peace which challenge our best powers It is not new. to discyss It. selves now and 2t all times with free- hearted zest and with all the finest gifts of constructive wisdom we pos- sess, To develop our life and our re- sources; to supply our own people of the world as their need arises, from the abundant ‘p'enty of our fields and our marts of trade; to enrich the com- merce of our own States and of the world with the products of our mines, our farms, and our factories, with the creations of our thought and the fruits of our character,—this is what will hold our attention and our enthu- siasm steadily, now and in the years to come, as we strive to show in our life as 2 naflon what liberty and the inspirations of an emancipated splrit may ‘do for men and for socleties, for individuals, for states, and for mankind. DESCRIPTION OF THE BIRTH OF AN ICEBERG Interestingly Told by Men Who Headed Alaska Expeditions. (Special to The Bulletin.) ‘Washington, D, C, Dec. $.—The birth of an iceberg is strikingly described in & report made to the National Geo- graphic Society by R. S. Tarr ana Law. rence Martin, who headed the expe-' ditions of the Society to Alaska for the study of the behavior of glaciers there. “The front of Hubbard Glacier, measured in a straight line, is 31-2 to 4 miles wide; but since the ice cliffs has a sinuous form with projections in the center, it is in reality much longer than this, the total length being be- tween 41-2 and 5 miles. The Ccliff rises between 250 and 300 meet above the water and extends an unknown distance below it. One usually needs to walt but a few moments to hear from some part of the cliffs the thun- derlike rumble or roar which is the first announcement of an iceberg fali, followed a few moments later by the appearance of a great swell which, on reaching the shore, forms a line of white breakers even at a distance of several miles from the ice cliff. By watching the ice cliff, one may see the huge masses fall from the ice front and a fountain of water dash perbaps even to the top of the glacier, and then, in a few seconds, hear the report which the rendirg of the glacier sends out. One is fascinated by the performance; sometimes it i1s only a small piece that falls and then a sharp single report, Hke the crack of a pistol, goes through the air; again a part of the front crumbles and the down-sliding ice, broken into small pieces, seems from a distance like a fountain of water while the report is only a low rumble; at other times huge masses break away, forming large icebergs, and the noige then produced is like the heavy Tumble of distant thunder; and at rare intervals one may see a huge mass of blue gr black ice thrust itseif up from below the flord, some distance from the glacier front, as a part of the sub- merged ice foot is broken off, and then no report is heard, but the waves that follows is far greater than usual. “The water waves which follow the uinna was :tatth“ ?Sgnl:um of the s who visited Yaku the guidance of the junior author. The &hip over A mile from ltven after he*has grown acustomed to and invite us to build what will last | DS ordinery rumble. A sense of nerv- o the tasks to which we can address our-lm":ved to 4 sart & e At b o roar the coast NINE CARDINAL CAUSES Given mission on industrial Relations. ‘Washington, Dec. 8—Nine cardinal canses of industrial unrest, mo: erally agreed upon by employ employes allke, were presentcd to con- gress today by the commission on in- dustrial relations in its preliminary report as follows: “Largely a world-wide movement arising from a laudable desire for bet- ter living conditions. Advarced by rep- resentatives of labor, emplovers and generally endorsed. “A protest against low wages, long hours and improper working conditicns many practically all labor representatives and asse.ted to by “A desire on the part of the work- ‘The cou on of tells mhvaggud':n. K:i“é'- UNT JEMIMA'S ANCAKE FLOUR e=the kind that makes the most d-c-l-i-c-i-0-u-s muffins waffles griddle cakes as almost essly ac- ihe noise disturbs one's sleep e T ports that pass out through the air|pression of organization. are so0 frequent that it is fair to speak | most uniformly approved dy labor wits nesses. “Unemployment and the at first and sometimes, when an un-|of empl Generally This was al- by witnesses from every relief is felt when camp is rg‘; ATl the Dreakers on | OF INDUSTRIAL UNREST Preliminary Report.of Com- that socialists and ith industries. Advanced by many employers of conditions under which they and a revolt against arbitrary ment of individual workers and d as Resinol heals .t [ one day longer. Go to any drug- gist and get a jar of Resinol Oint- ment and a cake of Resinel Seap. Bathe the eczema patches with Resinol Soap and hot water, dry, and apply a little Resinol Qint- ment. The torturing itching and burn- ing stop instantly, you no longer have to dig and scratch, sleep becomes possible, and healing be- This was standpoint. “Unjust distribution of the products of industry. Advanced by most labor reyresentatives and agreed to by me#t B faunderstans presugtes. = s ng Agreed to by empioyers a~d employen. - “Agitation ard agitators. m advanced by employers, but by labor representatives and others as a necessary means of education. %efir&pfi rise in prices as come pared wages. “The rapldly growing feeling that redress for injuries and oppression cannot be secured tlirough existing o~ stitutions, “In_addition,” nas_ be and says the report, “It stated By many witnesses- the tremendous of the last quarter cemtury. while not ft- - 114 immigration arising from other causes, by creating o er-supply of merican customs, language and 0..ditions.” 5,000 Bales of Cotton For Sremen, Savanah, Ga., Dec. can steamer Carolyn Eremen with 5,000 bales of to be the first @irect proent for amy German pert At'antic seaboard since he cutbreak of the war. labor w —The Amer$- tled todwy few Sottan. NE of the mu!snundive Hddna' s in the Et‘gns’sw;‘::tld.cm ° small_ Our 1 . ; HIGGINS & SEITER Store is the sp! collec- the saving, But my point is that the tion of Crystal beautifully decorated with sterling silver. %:fiuto“c i S::flugzeautsiq&u a? &?: . S e Vities of The artistic Candlestick, illustrated, is an_example of the Government; they wish, rather, to en- many articles in this ware which are e lly suitable for large them; ey lite hafl:mfi se, . Gifts. Thiz Candlestick is offered differ- By As ent cuttings, silver-mounted. at, cach. . cially wmefol and hancwze Git, Richly dicarated with sterling silver; complete, special value at, , .. Send for our Illustrated Gift Bocklel—wFree me.fimmm, A\ st L 82.00 5.00 Opposite TiTans ltf Ca.) pLr. = e ,anoeuld. and , by a careful stu assessment of the tasks to be m—‘, formed; and the monev spent ought to be made to yield the best possil tolurns in eficiency and achievement, And, good stewards, we should so account for every dellar of our ap- propriations es to make it perf evident what it was spent for and in what way it was spent. It 1s not expenditure but ex ganes that we should fear being crif icized for; not paying for the legiti- e rpriges L what will benefit only 2 fe money out fer what need net ‘been undertaken-at: all or misht without the of