The Nonpartisan Leader Newspaper, April 28, 1919, Page 11

~ Who Owns Nation’s Railroads? Farmers’ Committee on Transportation Explodes “Widows ' ~and Orphans” Myth—Less Than Two Per - Cent of People Hold Majority : HO owns the railroads? The roads themselves would have the public believe that they are op- erated solely for the and orphans who hold stock in them. They almost break down and approach the sobbing stage when it is sug- gested that the government operate ‘the roads. “What, would you take the bread out of the mouths of widows and starving babies?” they demand, and stand appalled at such an exhi- bition of hard-heartedness. The “widows and orphans” myth haslong been the bulwark—the chief argument—of the roads in opposing federal operation of the railroads. The Farmers’ National Committee on Transportation took the .pains to learn the truth of this argument and found, in the files of the interstate commerce commission, these facts: That 8,301 owners, or 1.3 per cent of the population of the country, own more than half of the railroad stock. That there are 958 women .in the list of the largest stockholders, the number of estates 1,092, and that each of the 8,301 owners holds an average of 6,129 shares each. : That there are 627,930 stockholders .all told, and each of the 619,629 small shareholders -has an average of 75 shares each. That 13 stockholders own the Phila- delphia & Reading road, 17 sharehold- ers own the Pennsylvania, and of the 326 stockholders in the Chicago, Bur- lington & Quincy road, 20 hold 99.6 _ per cent of the stock. : Twenty large shareholders hold 18.6 per cent of the stock of the New York, - New Haven & Hartford; Northern Pacific; New York Central; Chicago & Northwestern; Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul; Erie; Pennsylvania Rail- road company, and Chicago, Burling- ton & Quincy. GREAT OPPORTUNITY IN KANSAS: Ellsworth, Kan. Editor Nonpartisan Leader: The farmers of Kansas are watch- ing with keen interest the doings of the farmer legislature of North Dako- ta. Now that much is thought and talked of regarding' reconstruction policies, there was never a more _urgent nor opportune time for the farmers to take a hand .in seeing that justice is rendered them in legislative results. o= . Although the present Kansas legis- lature is said to be composed mainly of farmers, they were not selected and elected by the farmers, nor for any definite legislation, as was the farmer legislature of North Dakota. Hence no: great results 'favorable to the farmers:could be expected as was ex- pected and gotten in North Dakota. The so-called newspapers of Kansas have said practically nothing of the splendid legislation just enacted in North Dakota, and. the farmers of Kansas know but little of it except that obtained through 'the League papers, by personal letters and con- versation, and for this reason all League members should pass their papers on to his neighbor. ; M. L. AMOS. EFFECTIVE MILK STRAINERS According to reports from -about 40,000 farms, wire-gauze strainers are in more general use than any other kind, but studies with the microscope show plainly that the meshes are much too large to hold back any but the very coarse impurifies. One thick- e benefit of the - widows- ness of cheescloth or other cotton cloth is only slightly more effective than a wire-gauze strainer, but when the cloth is folded to .about eight thick- nesses its ability to remove dirt in milk increases somewhat, but is still inefficient as compared to absorbent. cotton or filter cloth. Filter cloth, a specially made cot- ton cloth, smooth on one side and “fuzzy” on the other, was found rea- sonably effective. This cloth can be obtained from leading dairy supply houses. The milk should be poured on the fuzzy side, the fibers of which stand up like the nap of a carpet, and 1917 Prices Special Offer You can buy now at 1917 Price if you act at once! operate the Brookfield o - ometer, patented,cannot machine. A boy or a'girl can run the care except oiling. . S Superior Points of the Brookfield Skims All But 355 of 1% Butter Fat (Official Certified Test) . BUILT LOW—top of milk tank only 3534 inches from the floor, obviates high lifting of heavy pails. Crank shaft 33 inches from floor and in right position for easiest turning, no back-breaking stooping. A BROOKFIELD SPEED INDICATOR— Clean skimming is positively acsured by the Brookfield Specd- beused by any other separator. LIGHT RUNNING—self ociling, ball bearing and patented self oiling neck bearing, used exclusively by Brookfield Separators, make it easiest pgssible running DURABLE—all gears made of finest steel and in b?at workmanship, polished and cut to the thousandth of an inch. Machinery enclosed in cast steel standard case and fully protected from dust and damage. The Brookfield Separator will run for many years with no . EEASY TO CLEAN—every part of bowl and disc ¢ ‘easy to get at and wipe out. No corners or crevices.’ All parts heavily double tinned and smooth polished, " remove all but a~smail percentage of the solid impurities. The most effec- tive strainer of all, however, accord- ing to the experiments, was a layer of absorbent cotton placed between two thicknesses of cheesecloth. . At best, straining milk is a prac- tice that makes milk appear clean and therefore more easily saleable, but no strainer removes either the bacteria and objectionable flavors, or the very fine dirt: As a consequence straining milk fails to improve its wholesome- ness to any noticeable degree. Clean milk is best obtained by sanitary methods which prevent, so far as pos- sible, the entrance of dirt into the milk. This can be done best by hav- ing clean cows in a clean stable and milking with clean hands into steriliz- ed small-top pails.—DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. ADVERTISEMENTS As long as our present supply of steel lasts you can buy at 1917 _Prices . Act at once. E > Send the coupon today. woman can Don’t take a chance of missing this opportunity. Mail the_coupon an géatte catalog describing the Brook- fleld Separator and what it will do. Remember, the Brookfield eld. ectly satis| fect dairy machine and & money-maker for you. You ‘?nnot aiford.:n t‘xiot to . Our tee is thi:rmnhn im back of every. statement we make, Write now. - Straus &Schram w55 st Biicaco - i, ¥ 'Specil ' zDOWN For this small payment down you can have ‘the im-| proved, clean skimming Brookfield Cream Separator sent to you on 30 days’ free trial. Itsclean skimming passed a hard dairy test under the direction of Purdue University, La Fay- ette, Indiana, and years of actual work have proqu it equal to the hardest service. Our liberal offer makes it pay for itself as you use it. You have about a year to pay in small monthly payments. We back this offer with our 87 years of square dealing with hundreds of thousands of men and wo- men everywhere in _America. Write for free catalog and full details of our offer or send the coupon today. The Brookfield Skims All But ;35, 0f 1% At an official cream separator test of the Dairy Department of Purdue University, in skimming heavy cream the Brook- field left only y38s of one per cent butter fat in the skim milk, Its average was skimming all but 138y of one per cent. *“This test should be acceptable to all classes of users,’’ wrote Robt. A. Lamso g;;a bottom ofltbe official record, arator foi . off the coupan and send it foF £ree flitstrated eatalog and fall details of our terms and Free Trial 80 days’ free trial on your own farm will prove to iou the superiority of the Brookfield. If you are not per- fectly satisfied, you may return it and we will refund your $2.00 and altl freight Ncha\g‘es. Tll:fre Wlll)ll ng: ;)e a penny £ r poss airer. ?:k:xnge:'ls:ncgu.y%e hnvoe %):fldaxc‘loc‘; enouh.in {hs Brotl)kfie arator to send it to you and let you delay. Remember, you are the sole judge. EasyPayments! We have made the time payments especially low so that you have about a year in which to pay. This enables the Brookfield - to pay for itself-as you use it and learn of its marvelous créam saving qual- * * ities. We charge you nothing for extending you.tfie credit. No interest is added. The Brookfield is sold in exactly the way we carry on the other 'de- partments of our big business. There is no discount for cash. There is only one price for the Brookfield Separator and that is the very lowest. Mail Coupon Today $2.00 down ow pri COMPULSORY MILITARY TRAINING At last a headon collision has oc- curred between those two hearty ene- mies, the American Union Against Militarism and the National Security league. A joint debate on the subject of universal military training has been held between Henry Litchfield .West, executive secretary of the Na- tional Security league, and Charles T. Hallinan, executive secretary of the American Union Against Militarism. The latter organization seem fairly content with the result, as it has re- printed the debate in full, giving both sides, without any comment whatever. A copy which has reached our desk bears the address of the union, 202 - Westbury Building, Washington, D. C., and indicates that the price is b cents. A 350 to 900-pound Separatoi- For Only n, B. S. Agr., Instructor of dairying, at Now ia your opportunity to &gt Don’t mirs writing for this offer. t You 1d Sep- udge for yourself. So don’t STRAUS & SCHRAM (Inc.) Dept. 5904—W. 35th Street, Chicago, L l Gentlemen : — Without any obligation on my Eart please send me your Free Catalog on the kfleld Cream Separator, also full details of your 30 days’ free trial offer, at the 1917 prices, Mention the Leader When Writing Advertisers .