The New York Herald Newspaper, December 16, 1878, Page 8

&. POETRY, POLITICS AND PATHOLOGY 'S==stezere. rae arr The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table on Historian Maley. - BYRON'S LETTERS 10 A PRIESTLY FRIEND. fadienmmtaees Brain and Nerve in Their Relations to Surgical Practice. pes CG EY HODGSON’S MEMOIRS—LETTERS FROM BYRON. The hold that Byron has upon the present genera- tion is proven by the eagerness with which thing is devoured that throws new light upon the character of this famous poet and singular genius. The “Memoirs” of the Rey. Francis Hodgson, b. D., scholar, poet and divine, published by Macmillan & Co., relates almost as uiuch to Byron as it does to the subject of the “Memoirs.” Archdeacon Hodgson was awriter of no little distinction, and the most inti- mate friend that Byron ever had, He was born at Croydon in 1781, and was thus seven years older than the poet, and was Provost of Eton at the time of his death. Interesting as 18 his biography, it is not of that that we would now speak, but of his acquaint, ance with Byron, which developed into a deep friendship. He seems to have had considerable in- fluence on Byron's poetic taste, and taught him to admire Dryden. In June, 1809, Byron, starting from the East, sent Hodgson from Falmouth that sprightly poem beginning— Huzza! Hodgson, we are going; ur embaryo's off at last; Favorable breezes blowit Bend the canvas from the mast. Byron wrote his friend some very interesting let- ters from ‘Turkey, which are published here for the first time, The following postscript to a letter, printed by Moore, has never yet been published :— ConstaNTINoPLe, May 15, 181 P.S.—My Dear H.—The date ot’ my postscript will “prate to you of my whereabout We an- chored between Seven Towers und the Seraglio on the 13th and yesterday settled ashore. e Ambus- tador is laid up, but the secretary does the honors of the palace, and we have general invita to his In a short time he has his leave table. of audience and we accompany him, in our uniforms, to the Sul- tan, &e., and a few days Lan » visit the Captain Pacha, with the commander or our frigate. I bave seen enough of their pachas already, but I wish to have a view of the Sultan, the last of the Ottoman race. Of Constantinople you _ hai Gibbon’s description, very correct as far as I ha’ seen, The mosques I shall have a firman to visit. Ishall probably (eo volente), atter a full inspection of Stamboul, bend my course homeward, but this is uncertain, I haye sven the most interesting parts, articularly Albania, wh Franks 1 : ren, and all the most celebrated ruins of G Tonia. Of England I know nothing, hear nothing aud can find no person better informed on the sub- ject than myself. I this moment drink your health in a bumper of hock; Hobhouse fills and empties to the same; do you agd Drary pledge us ina pint of any liquid you please—vinegar will bear the nearest resemblance to that which I have just swallowed to your name; but when we meet aguin the draught shall be mended, aud the wine also. Yours ever, He parted from Hobhouse in July and set out alone for Greece with this characteristic remark :— Ihave known a hundred instances of men setting put in couples, but not one of a similar return, Aber- deen’s party split; several yoyagers at present have done the sume, I am confident that twelve months of uny given individual is perfect ipecacuanha, In a gay humor he write By the bye, I like the Pachas in general. talied me his son, desired his compliments to my tnother and said he I was aman of birth, hair.” He is I was in Ucto- be ison, Mahmout, & little fellow te: black eyes as big as pigeons’ exgs, and ‘all the gravity of sixty, asked me what 1 did travelling so young without lala? (tutor). In a letter from Athens, November 14, 1810, he Bays :— I am living alone with one friar {a bandy-le a Vartar aud a Dray Ali Pacha cha of Albania, a tine portly p. can monastery nd one frier nian Sava; nylishman de- »k), two Aib my" only parts with this and other letters. duy before Yesterday the Waynode (ric) (or Governor of Athens) with the Mufti of Thebes (a sort of Mussulmun NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, DECEMBER 16, 1878—TRIPLE SHEET. were led to believe beyond the reach of human wit, | of the physiology of the nervous system that was a first necessity for comprehension of these purely nervous results of great injuries, They gave it up mystery related immediately to the mystery of life itself, and esteemed it as atopic behind the veil | that was drawn between human perceptions and Divine seerets. But the wonderful successes of later years in the study of cerebral and spinal physiology have changed all that—have removed the landmarks of the limit of our everyday knowledge and given us familiar acquaintance with things that in the days of Dupreyton were not esteemed as within human com- prehension, Dr. Carnochan began his study of these subjects in the third lvraison with a category of the injuries j accompanied by shock and commonly followed by collapse, and with a lucid and comprehensive state- ment of the symptoms, strikingly illustrated by tho case of @ man run over by the street cars, who died without recovery from the nervous disturbance caused by the injury. He then proceeded to a study of the causation of these symptoms as contemplated in the light of the modern additions to the knowledge of the physiology and pathology of the nervous system, and especially of the relations of the sympathetic to the cerebro- spinal nerves, In this minute and elaborate study of symptoms, which goes over the whole field of physi- ology and considers especially the relations of the respiration and the circulation, the symptoms of the conditions considered are for the first time in cal literature set forth in a strictly scientific order and in a distinct and» definite relation to the facts. Indeed. this study presents to the mind, simply and clearly, the mechanism of collapse, and cach element of the condition—the oppressed heart, the lost pulse, the disordered respiration, the apathy, the changed temperature, the jactitation, the arrested secretion» — is examined exhaustively in its aspects as a symptom as well as in its relation as part of the sequence of vital changes. It isin the nature of the testimony one of great experience and acute perceptive powers on @ subject which surpasses in interest any other that falls under professional observation. In this publication is given a mature view of some cases that have a historical aspect in this community, and we reproduce, as having a general, as well as professional interest, what is said of the deaths of Poole, Fisk and Tweed by the surgeon who saw all these cases, but was not charged with them in such a way as to be responsible for the results :— The case of William Poole, the puygilist, who re- ceived a gunshot wound -in the heart, furnished an instance of the fallacious calm that takes place in severe injuries between the tiie oi the receipt of the shock and its termination in death. Poole received his wounds during a deliberate onslaught made on him by some five or six persons armed with Colt’s revolvers, ‘The first ball took etlect on his right thigh, and brought him to the ground. While thus prostrate another assailant placed the mu: { 4 pistol close to his chest and discharged its contents. He imme ately jumped up, and reeling toward a door rested 1, agamst it for support during some min- aiming that he was dying, and remained senseless, cold, almost pulseless apparently moribund for about four hour: this condition he rallied, and became so free from the usual symptoms of severe injury that his medical adviser considered that the ball had really not p trated into the thoracic cavity, and my opinion was sought to corroborate or dispel this favorable view of the case. I found him sitting up in bed, his back resting on pillows as a support, apparently at ease, and convers- ing with numerous ‘wequaintances who hyd come to visit him. His countenance exhibited no expres- sion of anxiety, and he answered placidly and without effort the questions I put to him. His pulse was eighty, the respiration easy, the surface of the body normal in temperature and moist. ‘The stethoscope revealed the existence of no difficulty in the respiratory passages, and the normal tick-tack of the heurt beat’ with healthy precision, There no signs of inflammation or of effusion into the .. These favorable symptoms continued uth day attes nt, when he against positive orders the visits of more than a handred people, with whom he conversed. His own statement was that he felt quite well. The next morning about eight o'clock he was in a high state of irritability; pulse 120; skin hot and dr; plained of pain generally; respiration troubled and more frequent, An aperient was ordered by which the symptoms were much alleviated. On the tenth day the pulse was 100; coantenance the adnata tinged yellow; complained of debility but said he had no pain about the heart; signs of effusion. He pasted a restless night, notwith- standing the administration of an anodyne; pul 120; countenance more anxious; respiration mu troubled; inability to remain in the recumbent pos- bishop) supped here with the padre of the convent and my Attic feast went off with great eciat (sie). I have had a present of a stallion from the Pacha of the Morea. Icaught a fever going to Olympia. I was blown ashore on the Isiaud or Salamis in my way to Corinth through the Gulf of Aigina. I have kicked an Athenian postmaster have a friendship with the French Consul and an Italian Painter, and am on good terms with five ‘Teutones and Cimbri, Danes and Germans, who are travelling for an academy. Vi: oursever, MIZALPON. A long correspondence is given between Byron and Hodgson on the subject of revealed religion. Hi son beheves that it was the wreck of his domestic happiness that plunged the poet into hopeless cyni- cism. A correspondence between Mr. Hodgson and the Hon. Augusta Leigh, Byron’s famous sister, is given. She describes the progress of the courtship between her brother and Miss Millbanke, and later, after the marriage, giving an uccount step by step of the first year of their unhappy married life. She in none of these letters is betrayed into anger against Lady Byron. The following letter; however, predicts the coming storm :— I have every reason to think that my beloved Byron is very happy and comfortable. I hear can- Siantly from him «/1 his Rib. They are now at Sea ham and not inet! t rn to Haluaby, because ail the world were preparing to visit them there, and at Seaham they are free from this torment, no trifling one in Byron's estimation, as you kuow. From my own observations on their epistles and knowledy Byron's disposition and ways, I really hope most confidently that ail will turn out very happily. It appears to me that Lady Byron sets about imaking ium happy quite in the right way. It is true I judge at a distance, and we generally hope as we wish; but ude hastily on this wn to you, what I would not scar person, that Thad many fears and much y founded upon many causes aud circuu stances of which I cannot write. Thank God! th 8 T axsure you I don’t cone and will they do not appear likely to be realized. in sk there seems to be but one drawback to all our felici aud that, alas! is the disposal of dear Newstead, which I am afraid is irrevocably decreed. 1 receiv the fatal commut ago, and will ow Dut disappoini sacrifice would Affairs became desperate at last, and Mrs. Leigh sent for Mr. Hodgson to see her brother in Lon talk with him. An interview between Byron and Hodgson took y on the lith of February, 1#i6, after which the latter addressed to Lady Byron a long letter, of which the following is an important ex- tract :— After a long and most confidential conversation friend (whom I have known thoroughly, I for many trying years), Lam convinced that nd rooted T of his heart is regret aud Sorrow for the occurrences which have so deeply wounded you; and the most unmixed admiration of your conduct in ail its particulars, and the wa difection. But may I be allowed to state t Byron that Lord Byron, after his gene ment of having frequently been very from various te of irritation, specific things that he f extenuation or make some reply, erstand the fulness of those Feasous Which have now, and as unexpectedly as af- tingly, driven Your Ladyship to the step you have pation from Lady Byron te to you that it was not only grief, nt, tor i had flattered myself such & ut be made, mn and As will be seon by the of interest. large store of correspo’ amen of the time. foregoing, the book is full Byron letters it contains a with other famous Besides th dence ContaimeTions TO Comranative SunaeRY aNp BUR GICAL ParuoLooy. by J. M. Carnochan, M.D. New York; Harper & Brothers, i478, In these numbers of his contributions Dr. Carno- chan continues his consideration of the important points in the nature of the conditions of shock and Collapse, concludes the elaborate analysis of those con. ditions which was begun in the doves not reach the subject of treatment save as this is incidentally touched in some cases introduced for snother purpose, and does not handle the theme that this analysis naturally leads up to—"the thine of elec tion for capital operations” made necessary by severe iujuries. From great surgeons who! fience have made up th ture of the profession there third Weraisen, but records of their expe of the higher litera bod, many castal contributions to our knowledge of this subject, but not one of them has left any full * account of it, and it is astonishing how rare ond unsatisfactory a their references even to conditions in which the or- dinary surgeon most commonly discovers the ineffi ciency of Lis art, For this silence of the older sur have been handed down | for | 3 RP, M—The symptoms all aggravated; ture; symptoms gradually becoming more grave. At two o'clock the next moriing the patient was rapidiy sinking; pulse almost imperceptible aud with dini- culty counted; respiration short, frequent and difii- cult; extremities cold; countenance pallid and hip- pocratic. Froim this time utinued to sink, and expired, without a struggle, at five A. M. It will be rememibered that one of the persons who was in the number of the hundred he received against orders was the famous Paugene, one of his assailants in the fight. ‘The case of James Fisk, Jr., the ager, presented also an instince was exceedingly severe, and yet the distressing symp- toms following the shock soon subsided. Fisk was shot on the stairs of the Grand Ceutral Hotel about foyr P. M., with a revol The ball entered the ab- a m on the left side, about five inches above the level of the umbilicus, and two inches to the right of the median line, passing obliquely downward and to the lett through the abdominal wall and traversing the small and large intestines and mesentery, pierced the tissues below Poupart’s ligament and lodged in the groin on the opposite side, near the insertion of the Railroad man- were the injury psoas magnus. Upon receipt of the inju: fell and was taken to @ room the hotel, the symptoms of collapse following imme- diately upon the shock. He complained of great pain in the abdomen, the surface was cold, clammy and moist, pulse rapid and feeble, respiration fré- quent, his features pinched, and he was more or less stupid in answering questions. These s3 soon passed off, aud I saw him at eleven P, M. hours after he had been sh In the meantime he had been seen by the hotel physician, through whom several others had been called in. A pacsive was being established, but morphine subcu and internally had been administered in large quanti- tics. I found him with few signs of collapse. His countenance was somewhat pale, the pulse was seventy-two, the respiration rather ‘slow, in- telligence dull but correct, and when ques- tioned he stated that he had very littie pain. £ to return to th ountry imme liatel, gesting caution in the further opium. The 2 unusual quantitic A. M., about thirt seven nd might have proved mortal, yet there was no abdominal edfusion of any kind excopt a small portion ot blood to the extent of a silver nalf dollar in form of clot. There ‘was no evidence of peritoneal or other intiammation, and the orifices mace by the bullet were closed, apparently would ha doubt that bis death was accele morphine that was adiministere united, There ated by the exc i. asthenia a and at the head, ia alone or death be- with the cumulative toxic influence of the narcotic drng too treely “i. Lhe post-mortem re- vealed, among other y puditions, sqrous effusion on the surface and in the ventricles of the brain. Apr hologic causes of death is this record of the case of the famous “statesinan ; Thave no doubt that a psychological emboiluin of the heart and p kes place ; that is, by prolonged {tation a condition of the bivod is brought wbout that favors its disintegration, and that the disintegration is more or less rapid n the occurrence of some sndden oF Wi cause, he ease of William M. litical dictator of drain pec time the po: miple He had suffered much from imprisonm from mental agitation for several years. At length h was induced to believe that he would be liberated under certam conditions, which he is said to him on Mond condition was gre aplained of ma gen Ho was clated at the proxpect fulfilled. I way requested to see April §, His physic for the worse, and bi eral indiaposition, leaving his place of confinement. — HH d wa ut his rooms daily, sud showed no signs of incurable disease, becaine better on Monday and Tuesday by gentle medication, aud on ‘Tuesday afternoon L left him still improving. News of failure of the efforts to secure his release were confirmed, and reached hima. The officers of the i as he supposed, had broken faith toward him, and put an end to the hopes he had entertained of ‘soon reyaining freedom, karly on Weduesday morning L received # telegram, written by himeelf, that he had passed a bad uight, although then better, “all but his heart, where there was great distress.” I made an rly visit, eight A, M., and i bim very ill, His features were pinched, the countenane dark purple, the pulse rapid and feeb! short and frequent, hands and feet col was clear; he conve and begged to be relieved from his great distress; the sounas of the heart were feeble, without abnormal bruit. He continued in this sndition duging the day, obtaining some relief from medicatic great restlessness, ¢ plaining much of thirst. Du night of 1 he frequently got out of at up on achair as if seking re lief, The symptoms were relieved only by anodynes and stimuli. riday, 10 A. M. Jeaden and The mind, although yenerally clear, wandered at tiucs, He was very restioss; the coldness of the surtuce and of the hands and feet con- tinted; forehead cold aud moist; pulse respira tion 4% in the minute and short; asking continually it | ligence waning; stupor; pulse and not easily counted ; pone Shoe ppb rapid shorter; cold aud clanny sweat over the surface; subsultus tendi- num; sinking rapidly. At four P. M. he became comatose, and ‘died without a 3 ‘The family objected to have an autopsy, but in this case the diagnostic signs of embolism of the heart and pubnonary artery were certainly present. ‘Treatment of the conditions so carefully studied in this double number—and the study of the time for copital operations will be apparently given in the next livvaison—as there are themes that are rather touched than examined in the ordinary surgical treatise on injuries; and as the second of the sub- jects particularly is one that can only be adequately presented in the record of those great experiences of which Dr. Curnochan has had so many, this subject is one that he will make peculiarly his own, and his study of it will be an exceedingly important addition to the surgical literature that deals with the great themes in the science of lite. With the subject com- pleted by those additions the licraison of those con, tributions in which it is contained will supply the most complete, and indeed the only, elaborate treat- ise on this topic in the English language, and when it is remembered that this treatise is from the hand of asurgeon of Dr. Carnochan's experience, culture’ tact aud skill, its value in a scientific, as well as in a literary point of view, will be appreciated in the pro” fessional world, HOLMES’ “MEMOIR OF MOTLEY”—LETTER FROM PRINCE BISMARCK. Boston, Dec. 13, 1878. The most important of the few books to be issued to-morrow is Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes’ ‘Memoir of John Lothrop Motley,” @ work which its author calls merely an outline, but which is made interesting by the author's style, the importance of his subject and the disputes concerning the cause of Mr. Motley’s death. Dr. Holmes has little but condemnation for the public officials who recalled Mr. Motley from his foreign missions on trifling pretexts, but he gives no facts not already familiar, Several letters, both from foreigners and-Ameri@ans who knew Mr. Motley well, are incorporated with the text, and a few of Dr. Holmes’ characteristic expressions, set here and there, will be foundamusing. ‘The self-made man,” he says, “is too commonly only half made.” ‘The press is the ‘American unholy inquisition.” The North American Review is “the old watchdog of our American literature, always ready with lam- bent phrases in stately ‘articles’ for native talent of a certain pretension, and wagging its appendix of critical notices kindly at the advent of humbler merit,” and again, it is the “old and awe inspiring New England and more than New England representative of the fates.” The opening chapter contains a rather pretty picture of the sports of three boys, who, when our century was not far ad- vanced in its second score of years, used to play to- gether at private theatricals in the house of Motley’s father, The first was ‘the embryo dramatist of a nation’s life histo! The second, a ‘famous talker and wit, who has spilled more good things on the wasteful air in conversation than would carry a ‘diner out’ through half a dozen London seasons, and woke ‘up somewhat after the usual flowering time of author- ship to find himself a very agreeable and cordially welcomed writer—Thomas Gold Appleton. The third was a champion of liberty, known wherever that word is spoken: an orator, whom to hear is to revive all the traditions of the grace, the address,"the com- manding sway of the silver-tongued eloquence of the most renowned speakers—Wendell Phillips.” Prince Bismarck, whom Mr. Motley is suspected of having depicted as one of the characters in ““Morton’s Hope,” writes thus of the days when he, the Ameri- can historian and the botanist Keyserling were com- rades at Gvttingen:—“Motley kept company with German students, though more addicted to study than we members of the fighting clubs (corps). Al- though not having mastered yet the German lan- guage, he exercised a marked attraction by a conversation sparkling with wit, humor and originality. In the autumn of 1833, hay- ing both of us migrated from Gittingen to Berlin for the prosecution of our studies, we be- came fellow lodgers in the house No. 161 Friedrich Strasse. There we lived in the closest intimacy, shar- ing meals and outdoor exercise. Motley by that time had arrived at talking German fluently. He occupied himself not only in translating Goethe’s poem, “Faust,” but tried his hand even in composing Ger- man verses. Enthusiastic admirer of Shakespeare, Byron and Goethe, he used to spice his conversation abundantly with quotations from these, his favorite authors. A pertinacious arguer, so much so that sometimes he watched my awakening in order to continue a discussion on some topic of science, poetry or practical life cut short by the chime of the small hours, he never lost his mild and amiable temper. Our faithful com- panion was Count Alexander Keyserling, a native of Courland, who has since achieved distinction as a botanist. The most striking feature of his hand- some and delicate appearance was uncommonly large and beautiful eyes. He never entered a drawing room without exciting the curiosity and sympathy of the ladies.” The Memoir will be published by Houghton, Os- good & Co., together with the two New England vol- umes of “Poems of Places,” a new and cheap edition of Lucy Larcom’s “Childhood Songs,” and a new edition of Abby Sage Richardson's ‘History of Our Country,” which has hitherto been a subscription book. Roberts Brothers have “Castle Blair’ ready for Saturday, and most readers will agree that they have done a very wise thing in reprinting it. Nearly all the characters are children, and chitdren who are at once sudsciously wild and at the same time #0 truc and brave that the sauciest and wildest of pert little Yankees could not be injured by their example. Lee & Shepard will bring out Nasby's “Paper City” and Howard's “Donald's School Days,” the former a fairly good but coarsely written study of American Life, the latter a child’s book. LITERARY CHIT CHAT, ‘The Christmas number of the American Bookseller, published by the American News Company, makes a very handsome showing this year. Besides contain- ing excellent correspondence from the several pub- lishing centres it is filled with the finest specimens illustration from the various gift books of the dif- ferent publishing houses, Altogether it makes @ volume of upward of 700 pages comprising a synopsis of interesting reading matter from the same sources. ‘The London Lady's Journal has a fine Christmas number fall of pictures and patterns such as are dear to te hearts of all ladies, be they young or old. Received through Wilmer & Rogers. Stausfeld’s “English Coast Scenery” is a superb volume, published in England by Smith, Elder & Co., andin New York by J. W, Bouton. The thirty- nine admirable little line engravings, after the cole- brated marine painter's drawings in the British Channel and on the coast of France, are each accom- panied by short and concise letter press descriptive of the localities and engravings. “Change; or, the Whisper of the Sphins,”* by William Leighton, published by Lippincott & Co., is a poem in blank verse, descriptive of the many phases of life and action suggested by the title, ‘There are in the book many passages of singular strength, and a eur- sory examination ts apt to invite @ more careful peru. wal, NEW BOOKS RECEIVED, entary on the New Testament, by En scholars of various Evangelical denoml- m ited by Philip il tho’ Gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke, Charles , publishors, New York, a. By Waiter Besant and James lishing Company, Toronto; Bren- “Tho ‘Feuwily and its M B rt The Fam! a its Members, D. 8. B. Wells & Co., publishers, Now nations, Sehait, D, With ilu ati D., Lie BD, 0 wD. mbian Inetitnte, for the I" Thronie Diseases. By I Annual for 1879. xton, Re 4 with the Oreek ty Eggleston. Dode we for the Your of Ov D. VD. N Keuilrs o al Report of the Auditor of the Year tary of the Interior for ou the Depar can Book « A 1 News Conipany, New York, Picturesque Treland, Bdited by J Part 4. Published by Thomas Kell ‘Anuual Keport of the Treasurer of the United States to the Secretary of the Treasury the Your ended June 30, 1878, From the Departwent of the Interior, Wash- ington. a Au ‘ican Geological Railway Guide, ‘Giy logical formation of evory railway sta interesting places on the routes, and a d of the formations. By James Macfarlane, Pl. lishers, Now ¥ vette of New York, D. Appleton & Co., pub- of 4 Woman. From the French of Octave Appletcn & Co., publishers u D. Appleton & Co., publishers. lodies, Common Seusv for Children, Mrs, E, P, Miller. G, W, Carleton & e Canadian customs de during the list c ffs in full, taritls of France, Ail portant portions of ¢ Germany, Holland, Belgium, Italy and Switzerland. taken from the “best aut jes Compilud by Maclean. Rose-Belford Publishing Company, Toronto. Stunticld’s Coust Scouory. A series of picturesque views in the British Channel and on the coust of France, from original drawinzs taken expressly for the work, By Ulark- son Btantield, Royal Academician, J. W. Bouton, pub- lisher, 706 Broadway, New York, Fairy Tales, ‘Their orixin and meaning, with some ac. count of dwe Fairyiand, By Jonu Thackray Bunce. Macmillan & ishers, New Grandmother 4 book for boys and girls, By Mrs. jesworth, Macruiilan & Co., publishers, Poems. By W.T. Washburne, Volume 2. Jesse Haney & ublishers, New York, The Night Sides of City Life. By T. De Witt Talmage, D, D. From ¥. 0. Hvans & Co., New York. My Picture Story Book, In Prose and Poetry, for the Little Ones, dited by Uncle Harry. J. B. Lippincots & Co., publishers, Philadelphia. ithe Flaymate. 4 Vioture and Story, Book for Boys and Girls. Edited by Uncle Herbert. J. B. Lippincott & Co., publishers, : jade A Charming Love Story. Ly Jules Sandeau, Crowned by the French Academy. T. B. Peterson & Brothers, publivers, Philadelphia, Joau; or, Clouds with a Silver Lining. A bony By Blanche Westcott. J. B. Lippincott ‘& Co., publishers, Philadelphia. “American News Company, New York, Caught and Fottered, y Mrs. J. P. Ballard. The National Temperance Society and Publication House, New York, Journal and Life Ilustrated, A Re- ure and Goneral Lutelligence. ife and other mbellished w engravings. Vol, LN January to June, 1873, donia Described by Scott, Burns and Ramsay, with Paterson, illustrations by John Mucwhirter, engra) y R. R. Worthington, publisher, 750 Broadway, Now Franklin Square Library.—The Irish Bar, aneedotes, bon-mots and’ biographical sketches of the ch and Bur of Ireland, by J. Roderick O'Flanagan. Harper & Brothers, publishers, New York, tf Educational Directory for 1878. E. Steiger, publisher, New York. John Lothrop Motley, & memoir, by Oliver Wendell Holmes, “Houghton, Oszood & ¢ ishers, Boston, ‘The Contemporary Review for per, 1875, From the Wilmer & Itagors News Company, S rs Sa ‘The Nineteeuth Century, a monthly review. Edited by James Knowles. From the Wilmer & Rogers News Com- pany, FINE ARTS. Henry A. Ferguson, an artist who has for some years resided in Venice and in the East, has lately re- turned to this city and taken a studio, Among his studies he has some admirable little interiors of the Church of Saint Marco, in Venice, which are careful in architectural detail, true and strong in color and have neat little figures. Mr. Ferguson is now working up several of his views from the Palace of the Two Towers, where Petrarch for- merly lived. One of these—a summer after- noon scene, looking over the Piazza Schiayoni. with the Custom House and Santa Maria del Salute in the distance—is excellent in perspective and at. mosphere, and the rosy tints cast by the hour are finely rendered. The reflections in the slightly rip- pling waters of the canal are well given and the sky is well toned. Among his Cairene studies, one of a door of. a mosque, is careful in architectural detail and good in color. He is also painting a view in the vegetable market in Cairo. Astudy of the strect of the Sieves is noticeable. ‘tr. L, Smith has returned from his studio in the Onondaga Valley. One of his studies is a careful and pleasing pastoral, exccllent in the drawing of the nut trees, under which are cattle. He has brought back a number of careful and often very good wood scenes in late summer and autumn, and studies of cows in pasture and of sheep in the snow. These latter are excellent and the artist proposes to paint some pictures with such motives. He is now at work on a snow scene—a view of a farm house and buildings, with cattle and a figure in the foreground. One portrait of a fine cow is carefully drawn and true in color. The head is excellent. ‘A. H. Wyant is at work on a canvas with a cool gray und white cloudy: sky over # rocky moorland, which is admirable in it harmonious grayish greens. Wordsworth Thompson is painting a view on the Bay of Ajaccio, in Corsica, which is a very pleasing composition. ‘The picturesque ruins of an old tort are seen to the left while on the beach are a couple of suil bouts, by which are some donkeys, from whose backs smull casks of wine are being unloaded, ‘A Day in June,” shows &n artist sketching on a road- side by an orchard, while around him are grouped a number of curious school children. This is espe- cially pleasing and dainty in color uudexecution. He has ulso under way «view of acountry mill, with farmers unloading wheat from their wagons. A. 'T. Bucher is again at work on a view on his favorite beach at Scituate. A fishing party is disem- barking on the sands by some huge seaweed covered rocks. He has just started one of those combinations of land and sea scapes which he intends now to paint a good deal. It is 4 summer morning on Cushing's Isiaud. Swain Gifford has gone to Florida to spend a couple ot weeks sketching in the interesis of Scribner's Monthly. Frank B. Carpenter has just finished a portrait of the late William Orton, begun before his death. He is now at work on a full length of President Cattell, of Latayette College, Easton, Pa. J. G. Brown's admirable and amusing canvas, “The Dress Parade,” has been hung in the gallery at M. Knoedler & Co.’s. One of his’ smaller canvas’, noted iu another paragraph, is also there. In the upper rooms is FI. Schuchardt Jr.'s cardinal and priest story, “Un Bon Morceau.”* Utica is shortly to hold an art exhibition. Circu- lars requesting artists to contribute are already out. We hear that it is proposed to keep the present Brooklyn Art Association hibition open one week longer than ususl—until the 21st inst. THE ART JOURNAL, The December number of The Art Journal—D. Appleton & Co.—has threo steel engravings—-“The Death Warrant—Mary, Queen of Scots,” by Pilotz, en- graved by D. Reab, a fine one, exceedingly pure, in line of L. Pohle’s “Wearing the May Coronet,” by Th. Lanzer, and Jean Anbert's poctic “La Révérie,” engraved by Thibault. The opening article of a series on Chester Cathedral ‘Restored and Unrestored” is by the Dean of Chester and is illustrated by neat little cuts. We have again un instalment of Pritchett’s scomingly interminubic jorway.” Under the head of “American Painters” G. W. Sheldon writes of Walter Shirlaw and J. Hop- Kinson Smith. Four excellent illustrations of their works are given. The “Illustrated Catalogue of the Paris International Exhibition” is continued with, we must say, excellent cuts. Susan N. Carter writes about “Some Pictures at the Loan Exhibition,” and says that there were some admirable Jucqueses (sc), ‘THE ART INTERCHANGE. ‘The semi-moathly number of the Art Interchange, a household journal, published by and in the inter- ests of the Society of Decorative Art of this city, opons under the head of “The Class Room,” with an article on “Portiéres.”” Under that of “The Studio” special art correspondence is given from Philadel- phia and Chicago, There are also some studio notes. A woodeut is of an example of polychrome decora- tion, and others are promised, illustrating the prog- reas and development of decorative art. An inter- esting little letter, dated from the South Kensington Museum in London, tells us about the autique revi- val in dregs und furniture. WARD, ‘The number of L’Art for November contains a masterly full page etching, by Charles Waltner, of J. E. Millar’s tino picture, “A Yeoman of the Guard,” which was in the English art display at the Paris Ex- hibition. Two excellent woodeuts are after Alfred Stevens’ “Le Sphinx” and Shermitte’s “The Fish Market ot Saint Malo.” The initials by Franyois Ehrmann, one of which heads the article on the “Netherlandish School at the Exhibition,” are an admirable, feature, and the present design is charm- ing. As to the drawings after pictures, or parts of them, which accompany the article, they are good, but too coarse in some instances, iro de Madrago writes on ‘Some Velasquez in the Museum of Medrid’"—1. yp and Menepys. The drawing, after the Boy, by Charles Kreutaberger, is good, but not remarkable. A list of the collabora teurs and co-opérateurs of L’ Art who were medalled at the Exhibition is given on the last page. This ine eludes twenty-five persons, headed by Viollet le Duc, the architect, and among whom is J. A. Mitchell, of the United States, who received an honorable men- tion under the head of ‘‘Engravings and Lithographe.”” ART IN THE JANUARY MAGAZINES. ‘The January number of Seritmer's Monthly is rich in illustrations, of which there are eighty-seven, the great majority of them artistically excellent. We think that Mrs. Foote might have made more of her cut, which heads the opening poem, but itis never- theless good. Frank DB. Mayer has illustrated his article on “Old Maryland Manners” in an admirable manner, ‘Tho drawings are chiefly of figures in in- teriors and landscapes, which are fall of character, very effective and well drawn, The treatment has much individuality. Among them we note the first one, of the old fellow reading; “A Day Dream,” in which, however, we submit that the effect is more that of moonlight; “My Lady’s Visit,” “Michael, the Fiddler,” “Getting Home from the Club” and simple black article on Leonardi du Vinci is well and very thor- and white notable, oughly illustrated, Frederic Dielman has given us a good dray for Mrs, Burnett Haworths, The figure and face of Mra, Ffrench are especially pleasing. In W. Mackay Lafien’s article, “The Tile Club at Work,” we note among the cuts of tile designs b; members Abbey's charming series for a munte! ieee, “The Authors; O'Donovan's “A Tile in Re- ict ;* C. S. Reinhart’s “A Wednesday Evening Trio;”’ Weir's fine head of O'Donovan; W imbredye’s design for a mantelpiece, and Guntley's ‘Ho! for Long Island.” ‘homas Moran has given some free draw- ings—made on paper with a stone surface and repro- duced by photo-eagraying—in the paper on ‘The Mountain es of fornia.” We are glad to see that Mr. Kelly, in his cuts illustrating the article “At the Old Bull’s Head,” has modified the former excessive manncrism of his blocking ont process in his figure drawi * “Tricking the Drovers, he Connoisseurs” are the best of the cuts, In St, Nickolas we find worthy of mention Kate Greenaway’s dra 8 to “Children’s Day at Saint Paul's,” Kelly's “Phe Old Stone Basin,” Addie Led- yard’s “Christmas Day,” Granville Perkins’ good ma- rine, ‘He Sailed To and Fro for Hours,” and ‘+A Glad Shout Went Up From the Heligoland Pier,” in the Heligoland story; Frederic Dielman’s admirable large illustration to “Wondering Tom,” and the smaller one at the end of the tale; his tine drawing for the “Gold Locks and Silver Locks;" Alfred Fred- 8’ ainusing and dainty ones to “Humpty-Dud- get's Tower;” F.8. Church’s grotesque “Winter,” anc Jesse Curtis’ fairy cut, “The Hours Speak to Nellie. We tind in baht among other cuts, three good oues by Abbey, accompanying “A Reporter's Romance,” and a number by Porte Crayon. TO MARIANO FORTUNY. La Llumanera, the .Catalan illustrated monthly paper published in this city, dedicates its Christmas number to the memory of that famous Catalan artist, Mariano Fortuny. It gives in a supplement of plate paper six fac-similes of highly artistic and careful pen and ink drawings, all but one by American artists, made for the number after aquarelles and oil paintings of Fortuny the Superb, and four reproduc- tions of his pen and ink drawings, which are owned by his widow. Some of the drawings are of works which have not before been illustrated. The major part of the text of the memorial number consists of verses to the artist, a history of his life and several papers on his work, The Por eepinge, to the supplement. has an orna- mental title by Charles D. Weldon, anda tac-simile of Fortuny’s pen and ink of a terra cotta bust of him- self. The other plates are:—A good one by Robert Blum, after an aquarelie, “The Idyi"; the Lidar | “The Butterfly,” excellently reproduced by Alfre Brennan; a creditable double page by the same artist, after the celebrated picture, “‘The Choice of 2 Mode! Humphrey Moore's bold sketch of the oil painting,““An Arab on Guard;”’ a fine little drawing by B. Thule de ‘Thulstrup of an aquarelle of an old Italian beggar: a powerful and careful drawing of the masterly aquarelle, “Arab Musician and Monkey,” by Stephen J. ¥erris, of Philadelphia; and three fac-similes of the artist’s pen and inks of one of his children look- ing at a dead bird; of the head of his wife, the daughter of Madrazo, and of his two children ip a Japanese room. FOREIGN NOTES, The works of the late M. Madou are to be sold in Belgium in the middle of this month. An important discovery of Roman sculptures has been made at Neumagen, on the Moselle. Gérome is painting a group of three conspirators in animated discussion in the time of Napoleon I., and is modelling one of Anucreon carrying an infant Love and an infant Bac A statue of Berrycr, by Chapu, has lately been placed in the Salles des Pas Perdus, in the Palace of Justice, Paris, ‘The Fine Art Society of London has sct on foot a subscription to defray the costs—several hundreds of pounds—in which Mr. Ruskin was cust at the conclu- sion of the suit which Mr. Whistler entered against im. The Academy says that the exhibition now open at the Dudley Gallery offers a fair display of the works of the younger school of British artists, Mr. Boughton’s exuibit, “Nut Brown Maids,” is highly praised. Sir Frederick Leighton, the new president of the Royal Academy, is at work on the large lunette for the upper wall of the South Kensington Museum, Seymour Haden is to lecture in London on ‘“Etch- ing,” and will etch a plate before his wudience. Au international exhibition of tine arts, the first of ascries to take place every four years, will be held in the Crystal Palace at Munich in”1879. ‘The jury will be elected by the artists of Munich und will award for the Bavarian government medals of gold of the first und second class, The exhibition will open on July 1 and close on October 31, Hachette & Co., of Paris, will shortly publish Ariosto’s “Oriando Furi- oso,”” with 550 illustrations by Gustave Doré. ‘The work has been in preparation for over cight years, LABOR AND CAPITAL. DR. RYLANCE ON COMPETITION—-CO-OPERATION AN ACKNOWLEDGED ELEMENT IN POLITICAL SCIENCE, Another of the lectures delivered on recent Sun- day evenings by the Rev. Dr. Rylance was given last evening in St. Mark’s Church. The subject chosen was “Competition,” and as politico-social topics had been chosen before it was not hard to anticipate that the effect of competition on commerce would be the real subject of the lecturer, A text wi chosen from Matthew, xiii., 12—“Whosoever hath, to him shall be given.” I have mainly discussed theoretical ideas in former lectures, said Dr. Rylance. Communism is a beautiful ideality, but the world has been slow to adopt it. Here and there have been efforts made by high-minded men and women to carry out such ideas, but not only has the world little sympathy, but Communism has a bad name, So of co-operation, mainly, though it has much more to commend it than Communism. It makés no violent attacks on capital and, if managed with providence and skill, often succeeds. Less interest luas been felt in co-operation in this country than wbroad, for there has been less need for it. The laborer has been able to make his own terms largely, but this time has passed away, and we have a time of discussion before us. But I have to speak to-night of the actual competi- tion which drives the weakest*to the wall, Mr. Mill sympathizes with socialism and he recognizes the necessity of competition, ‘Wherever compe- tition is not monopoly is,” he says, and while he acknowledges the evils of competi- tion he declares that it prevents other evils. Instead of looking on it as a bane, then, he declares that it should not be curtailed in any way. Mau is a creature of wants, natural and artificial. Nature only partially supplies these wants. Labor is nécessary to adapt raw is toour use. Hence the strug- gic for existence. No school of philosophy can ol viate this. 1t is a condition not to be evaded, Labor is the best conservator of virtue, men are not equal and can never be made equal. Nothing is left but to allow the fair piay of human faculty. This involves com- petition, Human minds are rendered acuter by fric- n, It ought to be recognized as just that the man who produces the most work of ‘the best qualities should receive the greatest reward, Communists muy deny this cloqueutly, but it is indorsed by the practical common sense of the world. Seli-love is itself veeognized by Christ. The whips and spurs supplied by competition, then, produce tne best effects in practical life. All undue interference by government, all monopolies and subsidies, all’ pools and corners interfere with this and are to be denounced asa robbery of the many for the benefit of the few. Special reasons may be wivanced to justify the interterence by government with international trade, but it is very difficult to auswer the iree traders’ arguments. LABOR COPYING CAVITAL ‘There is even now too much of # disposition on the part of capitalists to combine against the public and ayainst the laborer, but it is not done as mach or as recklessly as formeriy. Yet we hear of iron- uiasters and railroad imen deciding in com- bination on minimum prices. should we condeinn the laborers for joining in strikes if the mas- ters join in combinations? Hence, trades union: vognized as wise and beneficent or. anizations. ers of Charles Reade's story “Pat ourselt In His Place” and of the unts of out rages perpetrated in this country Py trades unions may wonder that I say this, but I judge things by their essential merits and not by their abuses. ‘The rise of trades unions marked an epoch in commercial history, Yet they are specious attempts to obviate some of the natural effects of competition. It has been said that ninety per cent of those who embark in trade fail, There is often more suffering among the employers than the employed, and this is not mere pulpit sentiment. E:uployers are as inuch erned by competition as the laborer. Workingn should ponder this, but they are too often blind to it. Ido not say that all strikes aro wrong. They are necessary under the present condition of affairs, Competition has made our civilization, With- out it we should have been savages. Jett to itself it will exert a healthy influence. Centuries hence man may be willing to work for the genoral good as he now works for his own, But competition will still exist and men will then vie with each other in self-devotion a8 now in self-interest. Let workingmen com oner togethor and help ono another, and he will help himself the best. Industrial combination is the best way out of the present trouble, Co-operation is no longer a dream but an acknowledged etement of political science. IRELAND'S FUTURE, For the struggle LECTURE BY DR. FRANCIS D. EAGAN ON “THE DESTINY OF THE Tish NAce.” Dr. Francis Dillon Eagan addressed a large audi- ence last evening in the basement hall of St. Ber- ard’s Roman Catholic Church, on West Fourteenth strect, on “Tho Destiny of the Irish Race.” The . Doctor is an Irishman and was formerly a clergyman of the Protestant Episcopal Church and pastor of St. James’ Church in San Francisco, He has, however, become a convert to Catholicity, and his remarke last evening were for the most part designed to prove that the destiny of the Irish race is to spread the seeds of the Holy Church of Christ among the nw tions of the earth, He sketched the most prominent features in the religious history of the country, showing the readiness with which Christianity was received by the people from the lips of St. Patrick, and the total absence of bloodshed and persecution that char- acterized the spread of the new faith, He showed that Irish monasteries and seminaries were the prin- cipal seats of learning and culture during the turbur lence of the “Dark Ages,” and how Celtic mission aries had made the intluenco of their country felt in those regions which now are grouped into the Em- pires of France and Austria and the Kingdom of taly. He next alluded to the British conquest of the island, and the religious persecutions that ed during the periods of Henry VIIL, EI th and Cromwell, and the mistortunes that canned the people to emigrate in large numbers in later years, WHA THE PAST ‘TEACHES, What do all these historic truths teach us? asked the lecturer. ‘Lhe lesson of all these tribulations ia clear to my mind, and I will illustrate it thus:—The fury of the storm that bursts over some spot clothed in all the beauty of nature ms but to annihilate the flowers that decorate it, to obliterate its freshness and loveliness; but in reality the wind and the water scatter the seeds of beauty far around, and the bloom of the desolated tract is reproduced and multiplied in congenial ground. So the Irish people, oppressed and suffering at home, have carried to America and Australia the ms of the religion that has always been their brightest adornment, and have spread its light among millions of souls. ‘This was the destiny marked out by Heaven for the Irish race, . THE COUNTRY’S VUTURE, In alluding to the political tuture of Ireland the lecturer asserted the right of the nation to self-gov- ernment, and expressed his belief that the only solu- tion for the Irish question is a total severance of the connection with England, which, he said, had im- poverished and ruined the country. He also adyo- cated the use of armed force to effect that separation whenever it could be so prepared and organized as to offer fair prospects of success. “Irish eloquence and parliamentary agitation,” said he, ‘have always been most effective when backed by a covered threat of warlike movement.” Rey. G. A. Healy presided, The lecture was re- ceived with much applause. The proceeds are for the benedit of the poor of the parish, THE CRIMINAL CLASSES, 18 THERE HOPE FOR THEM?—THE SUBJECT DIS- CUSSED BY REV. DR. W. F. HATFIELD, Rev. Dr. W. F. Hatfield spoke last evening, at the Eighteenth Street Methodist Episcopal Church, be- fore a very large congregation, the text for his dis- course being, “Is There Hope for the Crimmal Classes?” He read from Luke, xxxiii., 32-43, containing an account of the two malefactors who were crucified with Christ, and then said:—The daily papers of this city contained a thrilling ac count of the execution of two men in @ Southern State for the supposed crime of murder, ‘There was much to render the scene impressive—the nature of the offence, the condemned declaring their innocence, the refusal of the Governor to grant par- don, the sympathy of tho multitude, All these things had a tendency to make these executions mem- orable in the history of the place where they oc- curred. But -that scene, appalling as it must have been, is not to be compared to another witnessed by a large multitude on a hilltop within sight of Jerusa- lem nearly two thousand years ago, when two thieves were crucified with Christ. For a living these men had robbed and murdered people. They had chosen this among ten thousand other professions and pur- sued it as eagerly as men pursue other callings, with a vain hope that they would never be detected. We are told that in all targe cities and in our owncity are any Who make it a business to practise the urt of pocket picking, bank robbing, forging and other crimes” for the sake of plun- der. ‘This is their profession, and most ardently do they follow it. They were no common violators of law. They were among the most aban- doned characters to be found in Jerusalem. This is evident from the fact that they were crucified and crucified with Christ. For no man suffered by cruci- fixion unless guilty of a most atrocious oftence. And in order to make the death of Christ as ignominious as possible, the vilest wen who could be tound were made his companions ia suffering upon the cross. THE LIPE OF THE SOUL. From this narrative we learn that the soul will live after death. Jesus told the dying thief that he should be with Him in Paradise very day of his crucifixion. This declaration removes all doubt in regard to a hereafter and disproves the theory of the soul's annihilation. The question has been raised whether those who haye been Su. of the worst of crimes, whether the criminal classes may be re- formed and whether such reformation is genuine, We are told that the best way to effect the reformation of men and women is to educate them; to place before them a pure example; to take a noble character like Wash- ington or Howard or Wilberforce and proclaim their virtues to the living, that such example will effect reformation. But these methods have utterly failed to accomplish what has been desired. ‘There is only one method that has ever succeeded, aud that is to persuade the lost and undone to accept Christ as their Saviour. That this is the best and the only method that has been effectual in the saving of the most hardened and abandoned, let those who have been rescued from a life of crime and wickednesss speak. The Rev, Dr. Hat- field at this point alluded to John Bunyan, whose profanity at one time shocked his associates, and who, if nota criminal, was ready for any work that was debasing to human character, and who was led to change the course of his lite by the very Gospel he had so openly condemned, Allusion was also. made to John Newton, who once trod the deck of a piratical cruiser, and, coming nearer, to the well known Orville Gardner, who lett the prize ring to e in the work of saving his fellow men; also to Jerry McAuley, who, as he him- self says, Was one of the most notorious thieves in the Fourth ward, but who is now au ornament to the cause of Christ. If any are discouraged at the prospect of reforming the lower classes and that there is no use trying to save them let them remember what has Deen accomplished and go forward in the good work. ‘There are none so vile, none so abando: as to bo beyond the power of the Gospel of Christ to save, Let none who have fallen be disheartened, If Christ could save the dying thief on the cross he can save the most abandoned character and make that charace ter an ornament to society aud the Church, CHRISTIANITY IN POLITICS. ‘The Rev. Wesley R. Davis spoke last evening at the St. James Methodist Episcopal Church, at Madison avenue and 126th street, taking for his subject “Christ and the Cities.” The reverend gentleman said:—In whatever sphere of toil or duty # man may stand Christ is his King and ought to be recognized and obeyed, He is King over com- merce, over art, over literature, over politics, over the fullest possible range of our faculties, in whatever sphere they may have rightful and profitable development, We are willing, many of us, the preacher said, to own our Lord in private life as the one who should enlighten and control, but we have @ strange tendency to bar Him out of our public life, One thing a sickly Christianity avows as certain—it won't do for Christ to touch politics, na tional or jocal. It does seem as if He was about to accept our proposition in this matter, There is an exceedingly small outcome of His regnancy in our governments. He is the only King whose “divine rights’ have a perpetual foundation in the conscicnees of all wen, and the Christian man should have as deep solicitude in directing his ballot for God, His truth and justice, as he has for his house- hold, to provide them shelter and food and raiment, His vote is the factor of his personality set in the body polit id should give @ healthier pulse of power and a richer glow of life. In the wild days of Florentine history, when the Guelfs and Ghibellines were battling each other, and old Savonarola was standing in lofty scorn between the two, there was atime when Jesus Christ was duly elected King ot Florence. Historians note the event with scoff, for the spirit of their choice was anything but Christlike; nevertheless back of the fact there is a great truth. Christ was King of Florence long be- fore that. For some reason there ent Christian people who seem to think political affairs the lawful dominion of the devil, aud bee f would not have the clergy disturb him for the wor! KING IN ALL PLACES. When I look to the many crowned Christ I recog. nize His right inthe field of all contests that affect mankind, and that vision becomes at once my defence and inspiration for entering those fields also. Somo of the grandest things founded in Christianity to-day have beon wrought out through the collisions and frictions of political life. Again, ke says outside of the principles of righteousness, which ought to gov- ern every inan’s judgment in’ public affairs, there are matters of downright need and want, and pain and sorrow, which wo should consider, it was # miracle of mercy when Christ laid His hand upon the fevered and the leprous and cured them; but work may be repeated. Honest men on a bourd of public works, improving our drainage and cleaning out cosspools, thereby removing the very causes of fever, may follow the footsteps of Christ as the healers ‘of inankind. It is time that the Christian should leaven and mould the citizen, and the man who fancies that he cau divorce his Christianity his politics and present a manly stature to the w makes the silliest of all blunders, In conclusion the pastor called attention to the fact that a gr: fair would be held in. the audito- rium of the church, beginning on Tuesday, Decem+ ber 17, at three P. M., and continuing until Saturday pe a December 241, He appealed to their charity a *