The New York Herald Newspaper, November 14, 1877, Page 6

8 with powerful tribes, For this reason I have no doubt we passed a great many im- portant tributaries. Besides, it spread over uch an enormously wide bed, with some- times a dozen channels, that though I fre- quently passed what appeared to mo to be new rivers, I preferred to construct my chart free from hypothetical streams, An almost certain guide to me as I journeyed down river along one of the many broad channels in distinguishing the main from the islands was that the former was in- habited, the islands below the Aruwimi very rarely, E UNWELCOME WHITE STRANGERS, When forced by famine to risk an encoun- ter with the ferocious savages I made forthe right bank, and opportunities were then given metoexplore, But the interests of humanity and the interests of geography were ever at variance in this region. The natives had never heard of white men; they had never seen strangers boldly penetrating their region, neither could they possibly understand what advantage white men or black men could gain by attempting to be- gin an acquaintance. It is the custom for no tribe to penetrate below or above the dis- trict of any other tribe. Trade has hitherto been conducted from hand to hand, tribe to tribe, country to country; and, as the bal- ance of power is pretty fairly maintained, only three tribes have as yet been able to overcome opposition. These are the Wa- runga, Wa-Mangala and the Wyzanzi. THE IKELEMBA, After our battle with Mangala we showed a preference for the left bank and soon after discovered the greatest affluent of the Congo, the Ikelemba, which I take to be the Kas-sye, the last syllable pronounced like “eye,” “bye,” &c. It is nearly as important as the main river itself. The peculiar color of its water, which is like that of tea, does not commingle with the silvery water of the Congo until after a distance of 130 miles below the confluence of the two great streams. which gives its light brown color to the Lower Congo. It is the union of these two rivers IBARI NRUTU, A little after passing longitude’ 18 deg, east we come to the river called by Euro- peans, on their vague charts of the Congo region, the ‘‘Kwango,” a deep stream, about five hundred yards wide, entering the Congo through lines of hills which, receding from the neighborhood, assume the altitude of mountains, This Kwango is known to the natives as Ibari Nkutu, or the River of Nkutu. A little west of longitude 17 deg. east the great river, which-spreads itself out ‘into enormous breadths, slowly contracts, becomes interrupted by lines of rocky relics of hill points, rocky islands or bars of lava rock, and thunders down steep after steep along a distance of nearly one hundred and eighty miles to the majestic and calm Lower Congo. THE BEGION OF CATARACTS, In these 180 miles it has a fall of 585 feet, according to boiling point. The cataracts and rapids along this entire distance may be passed overland by a month's easy march along either the south side or the north side. We encountered no difficulty ‘with the peoples of this region. Once the cataracts are passed the explorer may push his way to Koruru or Monbuttu, I sincerely believe, or to the southern ridge of the Great Basin; and if he can find cause to quarrel with the lower tribes he must be charged with having sought it. If we take into consideration the fact that each day's march introduces ono to fresh chiefs and clans, and that a cordial reception will be given to him by all, we are compelled to respect these very various people still more for their amiability and gentle manners ‘with strangers. HOW TO SETILE WITH THE BASUNDIS, ‘The Basundis, perhaps, may give trouble to the traveller, but, being well supplied with cloth and rum and using tact and great patience, the traveller just starting from the West Coast has a better chance of ingratiating himself with them than I, who had exhausted my cloth and beads and all What we possessed were simply a few cloths and beads to purchase food from the natives on the south side. As travellers bound for the Great Basin must in tuture start from the West Coast, and may very probably take the Congo route—as they ought to do, for we have shown its practicability—they perhaps will pardon mo if I suggest that a want of firmness and perseverance has caused most of the the West Const to collapse. Neither Bacongo nor Basundi, I feel convinced, will use force to means to win particular favor. expeditions from ‘oppose him, and there is no cause to feel frightened by big words, tial or ferocious savages in the neighbor- hood of the West Coast on the north or south side of the Congo atter passing Yellallas Falls, If 1, with my knowledge of the char- acter of the peoples of this region, were pound on an exploration of the Great Basin, I should undoubtedly prefer the south bank because of its greater supplies of food. In our descent of the lower cataracts we suffered terribly from want of food when the violence of the rapids happened to keep us on the north side. CAPIAIN TUCKEY'S MISTAKES. There are no mar- NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1877.-QUAD pelled to disclose the errors of the Congo expedition of 1816, I am well aware its principal members were scientific men. Captain Tuckey was the author of a book on maritime geography. Still, having found one cataract on his chart where there ought to have been dozens of falls, I soon discov- evered that his qualifications did not pre- vent him from going wrong. Between that position and Isengila, or Sangela, the exist. ing map is a tissue of errors, From Sangala, or rather Isangila, Falls we travelled over- land, in five easy marches, to Bonva with a sick and starving expedition, a- dis- tance which the Congo expedition esti- mated at 100 miles in a straight line, or one hundred and thirty miles or so according to the road, to have accomplished which, though I took no observations en route overland, I consider would have been an impossible feat, con- sidering the character of the country and the debility of our people. According to pedometer the distance we travelled was fifty-seven miles ; geographically, forty-five miles. One of Captain Tuckey’s sentences, “Terrible march; worge to us than the re- treat from Moscow,” and the sad general mortality in that expedition both of Euro- peans and negroes, I suspect may together explain the enormous discrepancy between their distances and ours. Under such physical prostration what wonder that a mule should seem a league! In such a state as the members of that unfortunate and disastrous expedition must have been I doubt whether any of them took the trouble to make astronomical observations. ERBONKOUS NOMENCLATURE. In Stanford’s map, which I believe to have been constructed from information obtained from Captain Tuckey’s expedition, with additions from the Fathers at San Salvador, I find a great many names of countries and towns also about which no one could give any information. “Pombo, a general name for the inland country,” means nothing of the kind, but Mpumbus is the name of a great market or fair district on the south bank, inhabited by the Basesse, near longitude 16 deg. east. “Auzico,” printed large and black, is un- known. ‘‘Monsol, Royal Town,” unknown, may mean Mossul, or Little River, as called by the up tribes. ‘‘Concobella” may pos- sibly be Nehuvila, ‘King of Nkunda, Esseno, Hondi, Canga, Dinjee, Condo me Yonga, Pangwelunghi,” are all un- known. ‘Vambre” and ‘Vambre River” I inquired particularly for, but did not succeed in discovering one native who had ever heard of sucha name. Mo- songo is, no doubt, Misongo in Uyanazi. Mopendea and Fungeno are absolutely un- known. The Bancora River is no doubt a corruption of Bangala or Bangara, a people inhabiting Mangala. THE BASIN OF THE CONGO, As I have stated above, in rough numbers the entire area drained by the river of Congo, or the river Kwango, as it should be called, is about 860,000 square miles, 450,000 miles of which is almost taken up entirely by the great basin lying between the lake and maritime regions, ‘The length ‘of the Congo is about 2,900 miles, divided thus:—From the source to Nyangwe, 1,100 miles; from Nyangwe to the Atlantic, nearly 1,800 miles, THE ANNUAL RISE, My experiences of the river date from the 1st of November, 1876, tothe 11th of August, 1877, a period of over nine months, Its highest rise lasted from the 8th of May to the 22d of May, and was caused by the peri- odical rains known to us on the East Coast as the Masika, While the flood is of great advantage to the navigation above the cata- racts of the maritime region, where the river assumes a lacustrine breadth, it vastly in- creases its terrors at the cataracts, because of the trebled fury with which the swollen water sweeps down the steep incline of ity bed through the rocky narrows to the sea The depth of the rise varies naturally, owing to the great disproportion of the breadth of the stream. Up river it is about eight feet, but in the nar- rows it is from twenty to fifty feet. Insome places of the cataract district the rise was as much as fifteen inches per diem, but then the river was at that point only 500 yards wide. Whatever efforts may be made by the explorer in future in the commercial development of this river no one need try to ascend through any part of the cataract region by means of any kind of floating vessel. It might be done, since very few things are impossibilities ; but the ascent mainly must be overland, as nothing float- ing could climb six, ten, twenty and twenty- five foot falls. Besides, e¢en whore there aro neither falls nor foaming rapids the rush of water through the rocky narrows is so great that it would be a Sisyphean labor al- together. THE NILE AND THE CONGO. The Congo River is the Amazon of Africa, the Nile is the Mississippi, While the latter has greater length the Congo could furnish water to three Niles. It requires enormous breadth or great depth to restrain all this impetuosity. Though the Nile is a most valuable river for commerce the Congo is still better. quently interrupted by cataracts, but the The former has its course fre- In writing of the Lower Congo I am com: | Congo fortunately has all its falls and rapids in two serief—the upper, ' between east longitude 25 deg. and 26 deg., consisting of six great falls, terminating all navigation that might be established above the lower series, which consist of sixty-two important falls and rapids, though there are many minor rapids I do not think necessary to include in the list. Iremember when about starting from Nyangwe I told Frank that I hoped I should find the cataracts in a “lamp.” . A POPULOUS TRADING REGION. Once above the lower cataracts we have the half of Africa before us with no inter- ruption, end not, like the Lower Nile ree gions, deserts of sand, but one vast, popu- lous plain, so populous, indeed, that, ex- cepting Ugogo, I know no part of Africa so thiokly inhabited, The usual term village is‘a misnomer for most of the collections of dwellings; they are towns in some places two miles long, with one or more broad streets between the rows of neat, well-built houses. ‘The houses are superior to any- thing in East Central Africa. The natives are different also, Every thought seems engrossed with trade, and fairs and markets are established everywhere, A LAND OF Ivory. There has been a suspicion generally en- tertained that ivory must soon become a curiosity ; but Ican vouch that at least it will not be so for three or four generations, This is the land of ivory ‘‘temples,” or idol enclosures, where the commonest utensils for domestic use are made of ivory. The people do not seem able to comprehend why any one shoald take the trouble to pay for it when it is so plentiful in each vil- lage. VEGETABLE PRODUCTS. The entire plain is also distinguished for its groves of the oil palm. In Ukusu \there are huge forests of this tree. - Almost everything that Africa produces is to be ob- tained in the Congo Basin—cotton, india- rubber, groundnuts, sesamum, copal (red and white), palm kernels and palm oil, ivory, &c. By means ofthe Congo a jour- ney to the gold and copper district of Ka- tanga is rendered, moreover, very easy. NAVIGABLE WATERS. ‘The Congo River gives 110 miles below and 835 miles above the cataracts of naviga- ble water, while the great affluents north and south, traversing the basin, will give over 1,200 miles, and perhaps much more. The greatest affluent, the Ikelemba, is over a thousand miles in length; the Nkutu River is over 700, the Aruwim must be over 500, while there are four or five others which, by their breadth, I should judge to be navigable for great distances. I would not advise any solitary explorer to venture near the cannibal lands, unless he wishes trouble, but the influence of trade, once it is established on the equitable basis, will soon reduce those natives also to reason, GO UP THE RIVER, A trader ascending the river has a better chance of ingratiating himself with the na- tives than an explorer descending a river from a region whither no trading native has dared to venture, As he must halt a con- siderable time for business at each capital his reputation for being just and good will precede him and bring him hosts of cus- tomers, Indeed, the great difficulty will be to restrain their inordinate love of barter. The islands on the river will afford him safe camps and quiet retreats, and it will be bet- ter for the trader and the native to occupy island depots near the mainland until mu- tual confidence is thoroughly established. A FUTURE POLITICAL QUESTION, I feel convinced that the Congo question will become a political question in time. As yet, however, no European Power seems to have the right of control. Portugal cloims it because she discovered its mouth ; but the great Powers—England, America and France—refuse to recognize her right, and express their determination, in plain terms, to dispute her assuming possession of the river. If it were not that I fear to damp any interest you may have in Africa or in this magnificent river by the length of my letters I could show you very strong reasons why it would bea politic deed to settle this Congo question immediately. A HIGHWAY OF COMMERCE, Tcould prove to you that the possessor of the Congo, despite the cataracts, would absorb to himself the trade of the whole of the enormous basin behind, which extends across thirteen degrees of longi- tude and over fourteen degrees of latitude. The Congo is, and will be,¢he grand high- way of commerce to West Central Africa, If so, why should it be left to dispute as to who shall rule the lower river andits banks? Why should it be left to the meroy of the piratical Mussolongos? I hear that British men-of-war have been castigating those scoundrels lately vith bombshells in a more determined manner than I have been pun- ishing the piratical cannibals on the eastern border of the Great Basin ; and probably about the same period. A PENTINENT QUESTION, But merely castigating these people is not enough; there should be vessels of war to prevent such deeds as the destruction of European ships; and the question is, What Power shall bo deputed in the name of humanity to protect the youth of commerce in this little known world? An explorer ia » seldom) ‘called ‘upon for the etpréssion \of his! views, nor would “I venture on this ground or meddle in the matter if I did not feel 50 very strong an interest in Africa. Bat I will present you with an example of what might come to pass if the question be not settled, A mumber of European mer- chants interested in Airican commerce con- atruct houses and stores and depots on the Congo, say on either bank, north or south. The natives, troubled with indigestion or bad dreams, take it into their heads that it would be a fine thing to rob the white people and burn their dwellings and depots and murder them. ‘The thing is done, pandemonium is re-enacted, the news- papers and public opinion hear the news, and expressions of “shame” on all the Powers interested are very loud and strong. British men-of-war hurry up and bombard everybody, or, to use an expressive though vulgar phrase, they ‘‘knock things into a cocked hat;” and perhaps the punishment exceeds the offence, because the/innocent would be involved in the destructive fury. Or, as the case might easily be, suppose the European merchants capable of de- fending themselves, and that by a little strategy they capture the conspirators and doom them, one and all, without mercy, to death by cHaining them in gangs, young and old, and drown them offhand in the deep water of the Congo. What would be said of this? I do not say it has or has not been done. I merely state what might happen. I put a possible case before the enlightened reader. Would you be surprised to hear that it has been done? What ought, then, to be planned to prevent Mussolongos and natives, with bad dreams and deranged in- digestion, from strangling lawfal, legitimate and humane commerce? What ought to be done to prevent pitiless, vengeful merchants from placing themselves under the banof Christians? A HINT TO ENGLAND. Let England arrange with Portugal at once to proclaim sovereignty over the Congo River to prevent the sensibilities of the world being shocked some day when least expected. I have hinted to you a few strong reasons why the question ought to be settled. I could say very much more, but space will not permit me, and “a word to the wise is sufficient.” HENRY M. STANLEY. THE DEATH OF FRANCOIS POCOCK. Loaxpa, Sept. 1, 1877. For the satisfaction of those who have be- come. interested in Francis Pocock, whose courage, many virtues and fidelity to duty have formed the subject of many para- graph in my former letters, I cannot do bet- ter than give a slight sketch of his character as he appeared to me from our first ac- quaintance up to the day of his death. COMING OUT OF THE SHELL. For the first six months of our c@mpan- ionship he remained to me as an undevel- oped man, There was no great demand on his active moral or mental powers. He was rather shy and reserved, and there was no call for whatever of usefulness lay concealed in him. He had simply to obey orders, and this he did without meriting much praise. He labored under the disadvantage of not understanding the language of the people over whom he was sometimes re- quired to exercise supervision and control ; ‘but by and by he became quite a proficient in the vernacular, and it was then.he began to be surprisingly useful, showing a perfect acquaintance with his duties, with Pa readiness to perform them and a true de- votion to our mission. Hitherto’ he had been frequently subject to the acclimatiz- ing fevers of Africa, which were sometimes ofa very severe form ; but finally his healthy constitution triumphed over all attacks of fever, and I flattered myself that I should be able to introduce to science and com- merce one young Englishman who might be a great acquisition to future explorers, EE DISTINGUISHES HIMSELF. During my absence with Mtesa, Emperor of Uganda, he was placed in several delicate positions, out of which he extricated him- self with great credit. It was after this last three months’ absence from camp that Frank began to endear himself tome. While ex- ' ploring the Alexandra -Nile he had another opportunity of distinguishing himself for his prudence and tact. While I explored the Tanganyika, and my people were stricken with that térrible scourge of Africa, the smallpox, he was in constant attendance on them, and by his assiduous devotion to them in their illness ~he quite won the love of the Wanguana and the respect of the ‘Arabs of Ujiji. When we set out for the western half of Africa he had elevated him- self, by, his many good qualities and thorough appreciation of the work before us, to be my friend. From this time I never ventured on any task without first hearing his views of it. He was 4 constant visitor in my tent, and I do not believe he ever quitted it without leaving me fresher, stronger and more confident. A TOS8S-UP, In this manner it happened that at Ny- angwe, before I made my final resolution to follow the Lualaba, Frank and I spent a long time together. The question was, Should I follow the Lualaba to the sea or should L follow it only'as far as the Lowa, and then RUPLE SHEET, RL strike off for Monbuttu? Indeed, there were maby questions to be decided in connection with this one. Would it be possible, with twenty-three Sniders and thirty-one mus- kets, 'to defend ourselves agninst the cannibals, when another explorer, with forty-seven Sniders, declined attempting it? Was it right attempting a task.so desperate, when all the Arabs did their utmost to show us that it was an impossible task? ‘Toss up,” said Frank;¢‘heads for the north, tails for the south andKatanga.” The propo- sition was adopted; but tails won after three trials. Yot nefther of ug liked the idea of being thus ordered south by destiny; it was too much like poaching on known ground. Finally it was decided between us to take advantage of the Arabs’ escort-to get clear of Nyangwe, and then to go on alone and never to return, no matter what opposed us; but to charge with heads of steel against any and every thing hostile to our arriving at the ocean, BROKEN SHOES. The tramp through the gloomy forests of Uzimbar and Uvinza wore Frank's last pair of shoes out, and mine were getting well used up also, The Arabs” were tired of their bargain and wished to return, but an- other contract induced them to accompany us across the Lualaba and to try the left bank a short distance. Whey then aban- doned us and we resumed our journey with our own’ people unsupported by any volun- tegr. At the several falls we were obliged to pass overland a good deal of rough .tramping through bushes and forests and over rocks, backward and forward, had to bemade, and nothing that Frank or I could invent endured very long. Portmanteaus and bull hides were cut up and sewn and patched over and over, but it was useless ; three or four days always suf- ficed to leave him as unprotected as ever. DISABLED. His feet became chafed, rocks and thorns wounded them, and at Mowa Falls, or the thirty-fifth of the lower series, he became permanently disabled from walking, being attacked with ulcers in both feet. The duty of leading the way over the rapids and se- lecting the best and most feasible paths for hauling boat and canoes overland de- volved on myself, while his duty now was to superintend the soldiers as they carried’ the goods overland and distribute each “day’s rations; and it was in the prosécution of my dangerous labors that I had at times “Harrowly escaped death, Feeling almost sure that if either of us was destined to be lost it would be myself I had prepared my mind for that event, and had drawn up instructions for Frank how to proceed. At Mowa Falls, as Frank, disabled by ulcers, could neither be trusted to do duty supervising the pass- age of the canoes, as he was altogether too bold, and nothing but the utmost prudence could save life, nor could,‘He proceed over- land with the goods party, he was placed on the sick list along with twenty-five sick Wanguana, and obliged to wait until ham- mock bearers could be sent for him, FROM STANLEY'S JOURNAL I now refer to my journal of June 3, 1877:—This morning the people shouldered the goods and baggage, and under Kacheche marched overland three miles to Zinga, while I resolved to attempt the passage down two small falls, the Massesse and Massassa, in the boat with the boat’s crew. Clinging close to the shore we rowed three- quarters of a mile or thereabouts, when we halted by a lofty cliff, by the sides of which we couid proceed no further, as the tide, thrust to right and left from the centre of the river by the furious waters escaping from the Mowa Falls, came running to meet us up river with many a brown wave, and heave, and dangerous whirlpool. Steering for the centre of the river, we fought sturdily on against this strong back tide, but we could make no headway. Then we thought we would attempt the central stream that rushed down river with a foamy face. We could not reach it, and fortunately, for the boat was sinking steadily under its growing weight of water, since she was very leaky, and the repairs we had made were utterly insufficient. ‘THE WHIRLPOOLS. By observing the shores and the increas- ingly menacing appearance of the river I perceived that, instead of making any ad- yance down river, we had imperceptibly drawn up toward the terrible whirling pools which almost momentarily play near the con- fluence of the down stream and the back tide, where the great waves, heaved upward by tho raging aud convulsive centre, and parting to right and left, are opposed by the back tide flowing on strong toward the fearfnl cur- rent. Presently, ata little distance I saw the first symptoms of a whirling vortex. There isa convulsive heave in mid-river; the waters are shot off as from the cone of a hill to all sides, This watery hill subsides quickly, and soon the returning waters begin to whirl round and round, a deep hole digs itself, faster and faster, wider and wider, until the entire river seems on the point of whirlipg. A RUN FOR LIFE, This, after some dozen experiences, I re- cognized as a deathly snare, to escape from which 1 must struggle no more against the back tide. but instantly turn away from the shouted. to, leave off bailing, and do ‘theis best or die, Meantime, my own prepare tions were too significant not to be under stood. Ithrew off cost, ahd) belt,) shoes and stockings, for it might be that the whirling, flying’ pdol would’ overtake us. My gallant crew had been too often in danger . with .me, and. they understood me. In ashort time we saw the whirlpool yawning ‘wide afew yards from the stem of the boat; she hesitated-« little on the verge of it, but a kindly wave assisted our wild efforts, and we were saved, The boat by this time was half full of water, and, findiug it impossible to-proceed in the Teaky craft, I returned tothe Mowa Falls, with the intention of proceeding, after a short rest, in-a canoe; but while talking with Frank the boat's crew scattered, and the others had not returned from Ringa, As it was necessary that one of us should hurry overland ‘after the goods, and Frank was unabje to move, for the first time I was compelled to leave the supervision of the passage of the falls in other hands; and, accordingly, I instructed Manwa Sera, my chief captain, how to proceed. 2 ORDERS TO MANWA SERA. , “You will first send a rescue canoe, with short ropes fastened to the sides, The crew will pick their way carofully down river until near the falls; then letthe men judge for themselves-whether they are able to take the canoe further. Above all things, stick to the shore and don’t play with the river.” I bade goodby to Frank, told him I would send his breakfast to him immediately with hammock bearers, shook hands and at once commenced to climb the 2,000 feet mountain toward camp. Break- fast had been set to Frank, friendship and Introductions had been made with the kings of Zinga, and in the afternoon, about three o'clock, Iwas seated onthe rocks of that place, field glass in hand, looking up the terrible river, exceedingly anxious, for this was the-first time I had permitted any pet son but myself to lead the way down its wild water. : THE OVERTURNED CANOE. About three o'clock something dark and long was recognized in the midst of the flerce waves of Massassa Falls, as they were tumbling into the basin of Bolo-bolo. It was a canoe vapsized, and clinging to it were several men, I instantly despatched two chiefs and ten men to take position near the bend, to which I supposed the outrent that forced its way through the basin would take the wreck. Meanwhile, 1 watched the men as they were floating through Bolo-bolo Basin. I saw them struggling to right her, I saw them raise themselves on the keel, and paddling with their hands for dear life because below them a short half mile roared the Zinga cataract. Finally, as they approached the land, I saw them leap into the river and swim ashore, and pres- ently. their canoe, which they but a moment before abandoned, swept by me with the speed of an arrow over the Zinga cataract’ into the white waves below, into the depths of whirlpool after whirlpool, and finally away out of sight. THE DEATH OF POCOCK. Bad news travels fast. Messengers, breathless with haste and livid with-terror, announced that there were eleven men who had embarked in that canoe, eight of whom were saved ; three men were drowned, one of whom was my brave, honest, kindly natured Frank! Francis Pocock, my faith. ful companion and friend! “But,” I asked the coxswain Uledi, sternly, ‘how came Frank in that canoe? What business had he, a 1ame man, in the rescue canoe?” ULEDI's sTORY. “Ah! master,” said he, ‘‘we could not help it. He would not wait. He said, ‘Since the canoe is going to camp I will go. I am hungry and eannot wait any longer. I cannot walk, and I don’t want anybody to carry me, that the natives may all laugh at me, No; I will go with you,’ and without listening to Manwa Sera, the captain, who wished to remonstrate with him, he took his seat and told us to Gast off. We fonnd no trouble in forcing the canoe, against the back tide.’ We struck the down current, and when we were near the falls I steered her into a cove to take a good look at it first, When I had climbed over the rocks and stood over it I saw that it was a bad place, that it was useless to expect any canoe could pass it without going over, and [ went to the little master and told him so, He would not believe me, but sent other men to report on it, and they returned with the same story, that the fall could not ba passed by shooting over it in a canoe. Then he said to us that we were always afraid ofa little water, and said we were no men, ‘All right,’ said I; ‘if you say cast off I am ready, Iam not afraid of any water, but my master will be angry with me if anything happens.’ THE FATAL ONDER. «Cast off, nothing will happen,’ the little master answered, ‘am I not here?’ You could not have counted ten, master, before we wore all sorry. . The cruel water caught us and tossed and whirled us round, and shot us here and shot us thefe, and the noise was fearful. Suddenly the little master shouted, ‘Look out, take hold of the ropes! and he was tearing his shirt off when the canog,