The New York Herald Newspaper, October 13, 1877, Page 5

* capable of cultivation in wheat, corn, oats, burley and GENERAL SHERMAN, Gossipy Letters from the Yel- lowstone Country. THE PIONEER AND THE ABORIGINES New Military Posts—Their Locality aud Surroundings. ‘ A VISIT 10 THE NATIONAL PARK Summer Meanderings. by the Mountains and Trout Streams. | MINERAL AND AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES. Soldiers Needed to Accompany the March of. Empire. ‘Wasuinarox, Oct, 12, 1877. ‘The letters of General Sherman to tbe Secretary of War during his visit to the Yeliowstone region in July and August last are just now furnished for publication, ‘The first is dated “Cantonmenton the Tongue River, Montana, July 17, 1877,’ and is descriptive of his Journey from St. Louis to that point, where he found General Miles in command and where ho frst learned that Sitting Bull nad taken refuge im Canada. Con- cerning the post there and other matters of interest ho w post is finished, which will be before she troops will be comiortably quartered aud Bae Iudians cannot return, Already a ciuss of fron- ersmen are making ranches and settlements b bouts, and in a lew years we can make ihe rou! Montana by way of the Yollowstoue as safe as tue Platte and Arkansas, thus forcing the hostile Indians to break up imto small and harmless partic, For some years hunce we will have to keep a pretty strong garrison bore, because, besides dolending this Poin cetachmenie must go obs NO proveck otbor ‘hreateved points and to follow any small parties cn- gaged in depredations. Jn other words, the foris along ‘uals line will pot oaly bave to defend thomselves, but be uble tu send out strong detuch ments. 4 deal of valuable country along the Northern Pacific Railroad. ‘That road (rom Duluth to Bismarck, alpbough a Huancial fuilure, has been and will continue to be of auvantage to the couu- try atlerge As far us Bismarck it is done and well doae. Tue next link from Bismarck to the mouth of Powder River is very importaut. {1 will bo a distanco of 250 miles, but will cut off 300 m: of the Missouri River and 160 of tho Yellowstoue, having the low- stone (rom Powder River to the mouth of the Big Horn for navigation. ‘THE NORTHERN PACIPIC RAILKOAD. ‘The valleys of the Upper Yellowstone afford Iauds all garden vegetables, with au unlimited range lor cat- tle, hors d sheep, &a I dou’t know a single en- terprise in which the Vaited States bas more interest than in the extension of the Northern Pacitlc Railroad from its present torminus at Bismarck to the mouth of the Powder Biver, on the Yellowsts Alter thats: done we can salely jeave to time the extension of roud to the bead of nuvigation of tbe Columbia River, Alter a couple of months | can speak wiih more confi. tence on that paint. ‘TRM INDIAN PROBLEM. I now regard the Sioux Indian problem, as a war question, as solved by the operations of General Milica last winter and by the establishment of the two new posts this sammer, Boats cun come and go now where oy 0 LODe would venturo except with Strong guards. ood yards are boing estublisned to facilitate navigation, and the great masa ot tne bosttic Indians Lave been torced to go to the agencies for food and protection, or Lavo fled across the border into British territory. i bave driven all about this post; looked into tho barracks, whieh areas yet new—huts of cottonwood, posts, with dirt foors and dirt roofs, but will soon be replaced by good frame barracks aud quarters. ‘the stores of all Kinds on bund are abundant and yood, so that no apprebonsion ts fet on account of ihe enemy or the severity of winter. Six small compauies of in- fauiry are here, \wo more are en roule, avd four ure mounted on cuptured ponies and are out on a scout. ‘The Seventh cavairy is also near bere, scouting to the north, but discover no warks of an evemy. ‘AS Winter approaches part of the cavulry will, doubt- less, be sent back to Fort Lincoln tor economy of Maitenauve, To-morrew night we resume our irip up the Yellowstone aud Big Horn to the other now ost building at the forks oi the big and Little Horn, Phere t ‘expect to meet Goneral sheridan. ° * * 1 beg you not to comstrue this as oficial, as 1 nave been copstantiy interrupted, and must close, us the steamer is ready to go. ‘ith great respect, &c., W, 7. SHERMAN, Goneral. SKCOND LETTER. ON THY StRAMER RoseBup, Big Hors Krver, July 26, 1877. Daan Sin—Wo lett the cantonment at the mouth of yeni of July 18, ana orn in three days steamed hard for threo t, and reached the now then entering the Big Horn days against ¢ poweriul carren post at the forks of the Little and Big Horo yesterday morning early. Many boats haa preceded us, ull or nearly all auschargiog parts of their treight on tho west bank, from which hauling to the post is compara- tively easy. Uur boat, which was built specially lor tbe bavigation of this and similar streams, bad to land four miles below the post about one-tnird of her cargo. The difficulty was not the want of water, but by reason of the strong curreut, which in the bends must bo about exbt miles jour, We found at the post the United States steamer Genera! Suerman, which bas a good hull, a good eu- @, bus too much and too fine cavin for this work. it will be kept in the Big Horn as long as the water laste, and will be employed in carryiug up to the post the freight dropped om the river bank by the contract boats, 1 @ good supply of all essential stor doubt that long before the season closes all invoiced for ite use will be on band and stored. The day before We reached the post met Genera! Sheridan aud rty, who had com ross the country irom Fort tambanyh. We bad « lcng coateronce, and agtve that this pew post is well located und that it can ve sup- Pphed with reasonable economy in the future. ‘THE NEW Yost. ‘The now post wiil be garrisoned by six companies Of phe Eleventh juiantry and tour wompanies of the Second cuvuiry, under commany of Lieuienant Colonel Buell, of the Kleventh intantry, au officer uf great energy and by profession an enginecr. He served under me during tbe war as colonel of an engineer regimens and afterward as @ brigade commander, He has been on the ground Jess thun a month, but hus a ‘team sawmill at work and a large mass of ootion- wood Joys being rapidly sawod up into lumber ior the new barracks, He tas about two huudred civil mechanics at work and six buildings io progruss, be- wides temporary sbelters for his stores us received, und be entertains no fear but that be will Haish bis post substantially before winter, ‘Tbe location of this post is in the very heart of the Sioux couviry. With this ono aod that as the mouyn of Topgue Liver occupied by strong, enterprising gur- risons, these 3joux Indians can never regata Uhis coun. try, and they will be tore vo muin ab thoir Agoucies or take reivge in bbe Briish possessions. Alp t there are uo Indians bereorheresbouts. [ buve neithor seen vor heard of avy, General Ssteri- aan Gaw Done nor any traces of any, so that the Driucipal cud uimed at by the copstructiou of these pox.s ls already reaches, und it is ouly to make this end permuuent thut we should persevere in their com- pletiou, The ove at Tongue River cau be supplied by Steumbuats, This one, at tbe wourh of tue Lithe Big Born, cannot depend on this river, the current Deing too strony to be navigated by ordinary bouts with @ air cargo, General ‘Terry and his quartermus- Ver, General Card, are at tie womens recoguyitripg to selec Point near the moutu of the Ji whereat to estabiish a supply depot, at freight destined tor this post can be landed avd hauled up bere, “We have ou bouwrd @ coupany of | bag so guard this depot, and we are nearly agreed thut the best place will be w point on tue Yeliowsione Proper, three miles above the mouth of the Big Hors, ee the hauling wili be about Siew miles by ox ruins. ‘These can be hired here and will do tne work the steamboats, for they 1198 two Weeks in working up the fe loft their ioads strung along its rd to agons. [am cou. Big Horo aud banks at vinged tl maintain a at poms in the very beart of the hostile Sioux country, with only a haul of wweoty miles, which 16 Insignificant as compared with most of UF posts south oF thia Tho country west ol this isa good country and will fapid)y fit up with emigrants, who wit, within the bext lew years, baild up a community as strong and 8 capable Of self-detence us Colorado. Ihave Company L of the Second cavalry, Captain Norwood, which belongs at Fort Klis, Montana, now camped of the weat buuk of the Yetiowsion the mouth of U ort me up to foun ag We Have decided on the merits o| the point men= toved a8 a Supply depot for this post I will and and start for Bilis, leaving Genoral Terry with this boat to return to Bismarck for a new load, | will instruct Guueral Terry te report in {ull of all these matters to ihe Adjutant @everal, so that this iotter is only pre- Wininary, * * * ni The weather has been intensely hot—as hot ag Toxas—bul ive night we bad thunder squall, since which th@ Gir has become periect. Gen good health prevails here, and 1 am impressed with the value of this country. . ’ ‘Tray gus, W ‘SHERMAN, General, THIND LATTER, — NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1877—TRIPLE SHEET. current of the Big Torn was too swift to bo managed that the gari econumically in of post ‘spas plies above » where siores could pe tothe new post. A company of fauiry waa leit there to estabiieb und guard the depot, when the Rosebud dropped down to the point just below (tne mouth of Big Horn, where Company L, Second cavairy, Captain Norwoud, was camped with our outfit, This consisted of six Indian horses, two light spring wagons and one light baggage wagov. The Rosebud landed us at two P. i when she started down the ri our reat journey. Ina up and wo started on THE YRLLOWSTONE VALLEY. The valley is strongly marked, about thr wide, fat, with good the banks of the river and of the streain well wooded with cottonwood trees. this valley the Yel: ream, meanders back abd forth, forming on both sides || strong, perpendicular bluffs of rock and clay, forcing the fond Constantly out of the flat valiey over the points and causing wide deiections 10 the road to head ‘Vhe ravines or *eoolice,’? which flow to the river. ‘There 1g 8 strong warked wagon trail, but vo bridges or cuts, a purely netural roud, with steep ascents and sescents and frequent guilies, about much as wagons could pass. ee _uad upsets, but no serious breaks, We shifted mto our light wagous tigue of travel, Thus we journeyed for four days, when wo met acourier from Fort Ellis with a copy of General Townsend's despatch to me. saying that the Prosident desired my immedinie return uniess | liad information that Lhe serious riots there to {ull career had ceased, Light wagons can out-travel borses aud baggage wayous, Up to that dute we averaged twenty-live miies a dey, I therefore turned the courier back with’ a fresh horse and orders to reach Fort Kills In two days with answer to be sent irom Roseman by tele- grapb, and with my immediate party 1 followed, wking one more day, being time for answers. On reaching Fort Ellis tue day botore yest , August 1, 1 was delighted to bear that the riots had ceused, and that you and the President bed eopsented that sbouldgo on as originally inieuded. Tho Cscort company ¢ 1m Yesterday, ap that we are now all bero at Fort Elli: hen we arrived there was but oue company of the Seventh infantry hero, Gi ja Renbans, thirty mon, ‘The arrival of an escort gives un addition of #ixty men, There is no sceming danger here or hereabouls, but the Nez Pereés are 4 reported to have entered Montana trom idsho, vod aro now fn the valley of the Bitter Koot, about three hun- dred miles west of this, reported as en route to Lue buflalo range east and vorth of this point, THE NBS PRRCKS, It seems that for many years these samo Nez Percés, aloug with some Blackfeet from the wostera part of Montan: we been ncoustomed to come to the sources of the Mussel Shell and Yellowstone to gavber meut for the wiuter, travorsing the whole of Montana, doing litte or No vamage, But the bulla of the great northern herd, like those of the soucbern, ure belug rapidly slaughtered for thoir wkins, so that wow they are vecoming scurcy, We only saw four butfuloes (two of which were killed) 1 our course, whereas ten years ago we would have encountered a milhoa. The time has come when these restless Indians Must cense to look to builaloes us & Muans Of main- nd they should not be ullowed to traverse 4d and exposed vettiements of Montan jouer or later compel them to il d steal hors au Besides, these Nez vercés should be made to answer for tho :nurders they committed tu ldaho, and also be punished as ¥ tribe for going to war with: oUt just cause of provocation, Hitherto all danger to Montana hus come irom the Sioux to tue east, aud the Jew \roops statioved in the lerritory wore posted, as it were, at the eastern doors or passes through the mountains, over Elis, Baker, Beaton and Shaw; but Jast year a new post was selected ator near Dussoula, the door of the western frontier. {wo smat! co: thus leading to kiliiug ry not over sixty men, of tne Se eoth infantry, under Captain Rawn, we. sent to «Missoula to build a emul . post there, but bardly hud to arrived wuen this Né& Perce war began, and when it was reported that General Howard had defeated them and they were rovrouting te Montana on what is kuown as the 30 trail some citizens of the neighborhood joined them jor the our- pose of stopping them till tue troops irom Laaho could come up with them. Butit seems that the Indians passed round Captain Kuwo’s ioriutied point and thea entered the valley of the Bitter Root, professing abso- Jute Joar us to the paxsos of Montana, butin such torce (800 armed warriors) a8 claims to be able, if op- posed, to force their way through. The company is so large and the purses 80 scultered that concert of action 1s most difficult it not imposaibie, After reference to the operations of Howard and Gib- bon im their pursuit of the Nez Percés General Sher- man continues :— ‘To-morrow I will start for the Park, taking only ive soldiers with me, so that my presence here will uot materially reduc eral Gibbon that apy escort company 18 subject to nis orders, Ido not suppose I rau much risk, for we ere ail armed, and the hostile lodiaos Tarely resort to the Purk—a poor region for gume, and fo their superstitions mind associated with Lell by Teason of its geysers and hot springs. We expect 10 be gone from here about fifteen days, during which we can receive or send vo lotiera, On our re- turn here, say <Augusils, 1 will yo rapidly to Helena, whero I will learn all about the movements at the worst, and will be goverued sowewbat by them; but 2 still intend in August to viait Forts Shaw and Bruton and to reach Missoula in the first week of Septomber, 1s te all important that ite or truil bo opened between Missoula and Walla but I can better judge of thw er 1 have Passed over the road. We found ranches being established along down the Yeillows.oue, wad tue-mail coutractors buve aiready pat ou a line oj two-norse spring wagons, 80 that suon the route we passed over will fil up with passes ‘Tue land is susceptible o! cultivation on a smal! seaio, but admirably adapted to cattle raising. Fort Kilis is a smalt post, built of pine logs, all the Mountains round about very covered with pines. We are all perfectly well, snd enjoy ihe isolation and freshness of cawp life, ‘ruly, se. W. %, SHERMAN. FOURTH LETTER, Foxt Euus, M. i., August 19, 1877, Drar Sir—* * The’ Territory ‘of Montuna, though very jarge, und surrounded on all sides by Indiuns liable to become hostile on the slightest prov- ocation, bas for ten years been a district forming a part qi tbe Department of Dakota, and hus been usu- ally garrisoned by w regiment of infantry and a bat- taliou of cavalry (four companies) The danger usu- aliy lay to the east toward the Sioux, aud therelore ihe posts were Fort Benton, at the bead of nuvization on the Missouri; Yort Shaw, on Sua River; Cawp Buker, at the head of Mussel Sheli, and Fort Bilis, at his, the head of the Guilaun. The tofantry regiment sbould be 1,000 meu, but the policy of reduction his gradually reduced the intuntry regiment to about three jundred men, and early this spring tho four companies of the Second cavuiry, by order of the department commander, were detached to Tongue River to assist General Milve tn hig active campaign against the Sioux, and when I passed up tne Yellowstone tu July three of these com- yanies had been sent vy General Miics to the cast of Tongue River, and one company (L), Captain Nerwood, was heid to escort me to tuis their proper post. GiBHON’S PURSTIT. On reaching Fort Kilis t found that General Gibbon, colonel of the Seventh intantry, commanding tbis dis- trict, bad, at (he request of General Hi worriedly culled for every mau that could be spared aud marched to Missoula to bead of the Neg Vervé Ludians deloated by him (Howard) in Idaho, Gibbon was absolutely without onvairy, aud is small infantry companies Marohed with extrnordinary spocd, making Lwenty- six mntiesaday. Notwithstanding tuis energy, the lo- dians succeeded in entering the Buster Root Valley, the Westernmost vigthe sctuied part of this country, when they were juscient uud throatening iu the exireme, well mounted and well armed, Gibbo force utterly inadequate, bathe secrns to have hoped for large ance frum the people whose lives aud property were thus endal d by the presence of sou bold warriors, who did not belong to this region at oh but who claimed to be able to march across Montana, help- ing Wetyelves to all they wanted ti! they reacbud the buffaio range on the Museia and Judith, to iho eust und north of tuis post, Fort Elis, General G bom got on the trail, followed it with great earnest- ness, overhuuied them at a place known as Big Hole Vass, got into their camp and fought them bravely and well a wholo day, intleting woavy los wad sus- taining w corresponding loss th his own command. Ut General Givbon could bave had 100 wore men there would now be tow hostile Nez Vorcés lett, But bis force was inadequate, und ne did all that man could do. The next day Howard got up, whead of nis com- mand, aud be now lus taken up tho pursuit, and L hope presently to hear that he bas jolened up what General Givdon so well began. A PREDICTION, I believe these Indiaus ure afraid to return to Idaho, and think they will try to escape to the great plains to the east of the Rocky Mountains by way ol the bead of Wind River, in Which case they Will fall (0 tue charge of General Crook or Genera Miles, cituer of whom ix capable of ranbing them down, The moment I rewched Klis I caused General Gib- bow ty be imiormed thaubl Lad reached the ferriiory; Gist Cdid not wish to Interfere with his legitimate command, but va the contrary, I gave him ihe com- ny vl guvuiry Wich bud escorted we up trom the 4% Horn, aud that company 13 now with General Howaru’s command tn pursuit of tue NezPercés, Our ttle force overworked, and | do not velieve the ofl. cers or soldiers of aby army on earth, iu peace or war, work as bard or take sy many risks of life ay this litte ariny of ours. Iu what we call peace 1 uw proud of them, aud trope you ure also or soon will be. [ propose to yo to Belena Tuesday, August 21, and then, ldspect forts Suaw and Benton, revaruibg vo | Helena in August, by which ume J’ reckon that Howard ‘ations in Montana will ve at or neur their close, Wien I will go to Missoula, and 80 ou over to Idaho, &&., of all which i due season, ‘THE NATIONAL PARK, Meantime L suppose you wantto bear something of tue National Park, ov “Woouland,” as it 1s called hore. A’ you Know, | came trom the Sig Hora here with two: ligbt spring wagons and one light wagon, with six baddio horses, Hore we organized the party — Colonel P. Bacon, my sou aud Keli, tbree drivers, one | packer, tour soldiers and five pack invics—making jour oifivers, four soldiers, O08 vityzen und twenty-three animals, The packer was aiso guide, We bad good mups, by Captains Barlow and Hoop, of the Enginvery, which wo fouud very accurate, Our rate of travel was about twenty miloé a day or les Our fires day's travel (ook Us soUtbeast over the moun. tain range, to the vulley of the Yellowstone; the next two days, up the valley of tho Yellowstone to the mouth of Gardner's Kiger. Thus tar we took ages, and along the valley ar altered at a few of which w Helds of potatoes, wheat and , With cattle aud hors At the north of Gardner's Kiver Logins tho Park, and ap to that point the rond 18 comparatively easy and good, buy here begina the reat Jabor—notbing bat 4 narrow trail, With mountains and ravines 80 sharp and stoep that every prudent horseman will lead mptead of rid- Font Kuuis, M. T., Auguat 3, 1877. Daan Sin: * * * We had concluded that the ing his horse, und the actual labor ts bard. The first day bus nothing of iuterest but scouery of the boldest mountain character, the highest mountain marked WILD suow paiches, aud the streams coming from the Teal ice water. The sun at imidday has a tropic heat, while at night water freezes in the buckets, and ao Feasovable amount of covering will keep one warm. There is an abundance of pine wood for tires, and tho mountain passes ure excellent forthe anunals, » UF MOUNT WASEBURS, The next day is consumed in slowly travelling up Mount Washburn, the last 1,000 feet of ascent on 1004. ‘This 18 the summit so graphically deseribed by Lord Duuray 2 his most excel book recently pub- lished under the title of the * it Divide’? Only his Lordabip assumed Mount Washburn 40 be the apex of tuts continent, which it 18 not; but from Mouat Waab- burn 1s plainly seen, as on a map at one’s feet, thi whole of the National Park and th mountains to south of the Yellowstone Lake, whence flow the ee east, west, north and south, This: 1s demon- straPd by Captuin Barlow's map, but takes trom the narration of Dunraven pot a particle of interest, for Qny Wan Standing on Mount Washburn fecis as though the whole worid was beiow tim. The view is simply sublime. With the tavor of reuching it once I ain con teut. 1 do pot propose to wy it again. THE GREAT PALLS, Descending Mount Washburo, vy @ trail through Woods, one emerges into the meadows or springs out oO! which-Cascade Oreek tukes its water, and following ib to DeKrits mouth, you camp aud'walk to the Great Falls and the head of tue Yellowstone canyon, In grandeur, majes! woloring, &¢,, these, probabi; equal any op earth, Lhe painsiog by Moran im the Capitol is good, but patnting aod words are unequal to ae iw They must be seen to be appreciated aad ielt. General Roe an@I found a jutting rock, about a mile below tbe Serou Fails, from which a perfect view is bad of the Seron Falls and the canyon. Tue upper falls aro given ut 125 fect and the iowor at 350, The canyon ig described as 2,000 feet, It is not two thousand tmmediately beiow the Seron Falls, but may be lower vowa, for this canyon is thirty mies long, and, where it breaks through the range abreast of Washourn, may be 2,000 feet, Just below the Serou Fails { tsuink 1,000 fest would be nearcr the exact tneasurement; bus it forms an actual canyon, tu jes Lwing almoss vertical, and no one veuluring (0 attempt a descent. {11s not so much the forin of this canyon, though fantastic ta the ext that clicttod my admiration, but the coloring, ‘The soft rock through whicu the waters have cut a way are of the ‘Moat delicate colors—vuil, gruy and red—all 6o per- feotly blended ag to make a picture of exquisite Duis, ‘The fulis and canyon of the Yollowstoue will remain to the end of timo objects of natural besuty and grau- dour to attract the atvention of the Living. THM HOT BPKINGS. Up to this time we bad seon vo geysers or hot Springs, but the next day, eight miles up from the Jails, we came to Sulphur Mouyntuin, @ bare, nuked, sive Hill, not of large extent, ut Lue base of which bot bubbiiny springs with all the pond crisp with SUIphUF, Aud gx Miles from there up, oF soUtb, close to tue Yellowstone, we reached and cawped at Mud Springs. These aiso are hot, most of them muddy, Water sigshed around as ina boiling pot. Some were muddy Water aad olbers thiek mad, pafing up just like a vast potol mush, Beiow the tulle Wwe Yellow- atone is # rapid, bold current of water, so full of real Speckled trout, weighiog (rom siz ounces to lour and 4 bait pounds, that, iu tbo language of usettior, it is no * brick a to cateh them.” ‘They wis! biie at a. artidcial ty, or, bevver, at a Live grasshopper, which abound here; but above the is tue Fiver is quict, lowing between iow, grassy . bunks, aud Lop, on or rather beginniag, in tl lellow st Lake, also alive with teal speckled trout, splendid ating, but above, by reason of the bot weather, some of the Osu aro woriny and generally ovnoxivus by reason buervol, though men precend to distinguish the good trom the bad by the color of the spol, | have bo hesitation In pronouuging tue Yel- Jowstong, iron the Big Horn tothe source, the dnest id trout dabing strenm on earth. From the Mud Sprivgs the trail is due west, Croases the mountain tunye which separates the Y: lowstone from (be Madison, both trivutaries to twe Missouri descends tis tributary to the west fork of the Madison, aud here is the Lower geyser Basin. 1b Would requirea volume to describo these geysers in detail, Lt uiust suffice now tor me to say that tne Lower Geyser Basin presents a series of hot spriugs or basins of water coming up from velow hot evough to scald your hand, boil a ham, eggs of auything else, clear ag crystal, with Dusins o every conceivable suape, trom the size of ® quill to aciual lakes Lov Yards across. la waking among and arouud these one (vels that in a moment he may break through and be Jost 10 @ spucies of hell, ’ THK SPOUTING GkYSERS, Six miles bigher up the West Muuison is the Upper Geyser Basin, ihe spouting goyoer, i: aim of our vigit, 1 surpass my ability or the compass of a ietier, Chey have been described by Lieuteuunt Ousne, Hayaey, Strong, Lord Dunrun apd many overs, ‘The maps by Mujor Ludlow, Of the engineers, iocate the several jwysers accurately, reached tue Upper Geysor usin ut twelve SM, oue day and remained there till jour P. bb of tHe oext, During shat time wo saw the old “Fuithiul’ periorm at intervals varying irom sixty-two minules to eighty minutes, Lbe intor- vals vary, but the performance only varies with the wind aud sun. Tue cone, or hill, ts of soft, degaying lite, but immediately about the hole, which wbout Bix feet across, the incrustation 16 bundsome, 60 tual one can look tn sulety when geyser ts atrost. So regular are its periods of tivity that wo could foretell ts movements within o tow minutes, Sometimes we stood pear enough to feel the hos spray, ut others we sai at our camp, about Voree buuared yards away, Kuch eruption was simi- Jar, preceded by svout ive minutes of spluitering, aud then would arise 9 column of hot water, steum- ing and smoking, to the height of ove hundred and twenty-five or one hundred and thirty feet, the stream woing 4 hundred or more feet bigher, according to tho state of tue wind. Lt was dulicuit to say where tuo water onded and steam began, and this must pe tne reason why different observers huvo seated different resuits, ‘Th hole performunce lasts about tive minutes, when the columy of water graduaily sinks anu thy spring assumes its pormul state of rest. This 1s but one of some twenty of tho active geysers of this basin. For iho ume we re- mained we were lucky, for we saw the Beo Hive troyes im eruption. Tbe Lown and Grotto were re- peatedly in ugitasion, ted their jets did not rise inore than twenty tect. We did not see the Giant or ‘the Grand iv eruption, but they seemed busy enough io bubbiing and boiling. Une is fairly bewildered by the Variety, eXtent and activity Of tuese boiling and bub- bling coluwus of bot wasor. ‘They do not seem to mo to ve volcanic, but rasher tho result of the chemical action uuderneath, which produces heat and gasses, which give lore and activity to tnese geysers. Ex- terually they are not as beautijul as the formation of lime under wator—exquisye in form, but crumbling in the hand and siaking when dry. The spectmeus guthered by (ue curious aud curried off amount to Hoihiog. The real thing 1s the quaatity, variety and forms of action of these geysers. in our resurh trip we again visited points of most 4, wud some new ones. And on approaching ons, at the mouth of Gardiver’s River, we took 1m the MausmMoth sprivg called Soda Mountain This also 18 the result of put spring or geyser action, but DOL compurabie with the Upper Geyser usin, We got back yosterduy, briuging buck every borso and mule in good cundition, he reavoo was our party was email, aud we carried nesbing but the sumalies, possi- bie buguage, und soldier's rations ouly—no luxurie: uo superiiuities, The whole distance travetied w. ubout three bundred miles, wud the time fifteen days, T would give these data us avout ti ti to se@ these great uatural curiosities, hard oue and canuot be sottenod. CONDITION OF THE PARK. The United States Lave reserved this park, but bave spent but a doliur in ns care. ‘The paths ure mero in- dian (ralis, 1a some pices 4s Dad a8 Dad can be. There ts Hullo gatos in the parkjpow. We saw two bveurs, two eiké aud ubout a dozen deer und antelopes, but Kitlod none, A fow suge chickens aud abundauce of fish comploted wil we got to supply our wants. ‘the whole park is bigh, Beaty, with abundance of good grass nd Water at Uns season. The geveral eievauon above tbe sea is from eM thousuud to twelve thousand feet, wud im winter must be simply uninuabitavie und inupproactable, We fyvand good weather and were bignty favored iu every respect. Iu some parts the musquity aud horse fly were active, vut not us bad as described volure we sturted. We saw no signs of indians, aud felt no mowent a sens ol danger more than we do here. some four OF tive parties swarmed to the park trom curiusity, but how the trail is Very slack. 1 Wo stnull partios of citi- zeus Were inthe park with us, and un our return wo Met sume otbere, but all small, ‘This 18 Sunday, # real day of rest, end I bave endeay- ored tw give the Wide aud Fapid sketou Iu hopes to w count for a filtecn days’ ubsenve irom duty wt this pe- Hud of military aciivity, but 1 bave faith that there ure plenty of good officers on duty at thelr posts to do all that 14 demanded of tue army. I now propose to go to work to study closer the present condition and iuture prospects Of Moutana as beuring vu the great military problew, ull of which will be ‘duty reported. With greut respect, &e., W. T. SUB MAN, YIRTH LWTTRR, Henexa, M. T., Wednesday, August 29, 1877. Dear Sit wrote you lust on the 11H juste at Kort Eis, viuee which time 1 have beeu on the go and wust DOW eudeavor to give you the b sorvatious in general terms, reserving specific facts for my revurn, For the transportation of my party I bad brought wiih me up the Yellowstone six suddie horses und light spring wagons, euch drawn by four mules. Ww We turned Into the quartermaster tue six horses, reaorving tue wagong, But Mr. Clarke, agent aud proprietor of tue #taye Line vewween Kilis and the more Holes, offered ty bring us to Helena, mies, Im one day, imstead of the three o by cur iro Wagons, and We wcgeptad, Acco! ai three A. M. of the Zils, we took stage coach, drawn by four horses, driven by Mr, Clarke himself, and came throug by six P.M. i splendid style. Relays of horses wore takeo ev fifteen or twenty miles, and the three last relays our coach Was drawn by six horses, #0 that we taade trom eight to eleven imiies tue hour, though the horses at this season o1 the year are pot fed grain, but depend on graziug, the grasses (bunch and granna), being cou- jored Very nutritious. The roea geperally is the utural road, iumproved here und there by cuts along the sides of bills, with bridges across rivers and con- sideravie streams. The road from Elle aud Rosemau follows tue valiey of the Galiatt PRSNeNy, croasiog its flat valiey, and at fourt crosses the streain itwoit by a bridge, Wence @ low {got hilis to the jauction of tue Gallatin, Madison and Jofferson— the threo grout tributaries of tho Missourt—it passos the dludison and Jefferson by good wil bridges, All these valleys contain furs of renches which produce oats, wheat, garden vege- tavies and potutoes, all Of good quality, bat thoy are beiter adapied to grazing, 80 that all the way we saw beads of cattle, loi and eueep, From we junction of the three rive liusin City) the road lollows vailey of the Missoart River, which here rans porth, bul instead of keeping close tu the river the road Hes back among the foot bills, near the base of the Rocky Mountains, to accommodate small miniug towns and guiches, These mining guiches heaa in ibe Rocky Mountains and flow ecastwura to the Missourt River, fhe gravel banks bold placer goid, wach ig gathered by Washing the gravel, necessitating hard nelltof my ob- | labor and making ditches to bring the water trom the higher levels to the banks, Ten yeurs ago some of these produced well, but now (hey seem to be prowty hear exhausted, aud much of the water is used ig irri ating gardens and tarins. AY MMLENA. AL six P. M. we reached ‘his, the capital of the Ter- ritory. [t also was begun some ten years ago ag a min- jug guleb (Last Chance), just where the small streams of that name leave the wountuin, aud emerges upon ® sort of table land, whic extends easiward to the Biissour: iver, eiguteen miles distant, yet plawiy visibie, The town is obulis on both sides of the gulcu, tho maim street being in the bottom and the betivr houses on both sides reached by si at It contains good botels, snops, stores, un Un house and inany twost exeollent dwetling houses, some of brick, Dut mostly {rame, and not a low would be good dwelling houses tn Washington, There must ve tnree ar thousand people bere, Who seem to live ad comforiavly as tuey Would in lowa. Lam the guess of Governor Potts, my son ot Mré Major Waiker, sister of Hon, James G Biaine Coloueis Poe and Bacon are at the botel, (bouyu they Were uise offered the hospitality of Mr. Broadwater, We have all been enteytained by dinuers and parties, though | have en- Geavored bo escape these trying Kindnesses, I, was My intention on rowching Helena to go rigut on to Forts Shaw und Benton, bat found eniy @ ut weekly stage, aud bad to stay bere two days, when by arvangement with tue stage company, we Look I day’s stage to return op Tuesday, Wuich gave us o full day to see FortShaw. The distance to Fort shaw ia eigbty-iour niles, and theucd to Beaton sixty-two, usually taking Wwo days each way, 4 STAGE COACH BIDR, Accordingly on Friduy last at 5 A. M, we started, The roud is well travelled becuuse Benton is the Dead OF Buvigation of the Missourt River, aud that ts iound the cheapest route for freight to tuis mountain re- gion, The hauling is ali dowe vy ox and mule teams, he wagons beivg joined im twos and Lorees, 80 that BX yoke of callie or pairs of mules will hual those ‘rains with three or four tons of treight. The alvan- je of thus distributing the load is that in sivep Places euch wagon cau be hauled separately, avotding Sue old way ol doubling tonms or unloading and reioad- ing soottou, All these animals depend tor food ou grass by the way, We carricd 1u the stage two mus ‘ets Dut no guurd, as we upprehepded uo danger, al- though the couutry Unusually alarmed by recent events and Sowe croakors are proulasiug terribiv calami- fies trom the indians to tue north and east Wo saw bo ludians aud beard of no facts to justly Such fears. ‘The road led north, the muuntuing to tbo left and the Missouri tothe right, Slowly ascending we struck the bead of tho Little Prickly Pear, down woied tke road leads tor about twenty miles through: a Canyon of great beauty, with ueavy sandstone cliMs overhanging the valiey, but the read wags built at heavy cost of labor and money and is rogarded as the bandsomest piace in abe Territory, Kumeorgipg from the canyon within 4 mile of tue Missyuri River the roud aguiu turns worth and crosses hills vill it reach. the Doarborn at right angles, Crossing it by a oridge 1 Crossed uw series Of bigh hills, passing nur any sngulur Hubles spoken of by Lewis wou Viarke, as Bird Tail, Fortification Sqdare aad the Nipple, we reached Fort Suaw, on Sun River, about eieven at Wigdy The telegraph reucues that point and no tur- ther. [hrs is the most important fort in Moutaua, tsthe headquariers 01 Geueral Gibbon, now here woun but temporarily commanded by Major Freemaa, whi Met mo withw banen of teivgrams, Bo L stopped ouly jung ebough to unswer them, avd, temuiug to stop on the return trip for a whole day, wo pusued on all Might avd the next day until about wwol’, AL, when wi Touched Beuiou. ‘be road irom Shaw tu Beuton ta devoid of ivterest, because it is uw pare of the Grunt Plains, which look alike trom our porsherg boundary to Texas. Tusa reach of prairie lies within the north- erm builaio range, wod 1 wentiou it ouly because tue Welegrapl line used to rach Benton, but the buffaloes found Loe poles vo hanay to rub aud scratch theinselves, hike bogs, that they agtually ruvbed the poles down, Some iLgenivus man suggested the remedy of driving the pled tuii of nail, but this Was just whut tue bulla Joes Wanted, 30 thus 16 was found’ iupussible to keep up the Line at ail Beuton #4 snail group of houses and stores on th. river bank at tue bead of the navigation of the M sourt Re Hesrly i: mot quite four thousand miles from the sea, Bach year thy vavigation improves, 80 that tor three montis boats carrying 300 tons can reach it We found the stores Wil socked wit Staple articles, und we passed many trains of wagons hauling toand tro, But there were no boats then at Benton aud nous expected, The season of navigation 4s past, but wo heard only of two bouts discharging Cargo at Cow Island, 125 miles below, whose cargoes will have to be bauled to Bauton, OLD FORT HENTON, The placo is calleg Fort Beutou after a fort outab- shed there long ago by the American Fur Company, 1b still stands on the lower edge of the town, is built of adobe im the form ol @ rectangle, with two story Block houses at the diagonal coruers, [t contamed tue uecessury § storebouses and dwellings for @ good trading post, When the military authorities first occupied Montana this post Waa rented and occupied, but now its walls aro cracked und Washed so ag to be insecure, und It has been abandoned by the military aud 18 ouly occupied by a iaw hal!-breed tumilies, The present gurrisva is ‘ajor Guido Liges and flve men, who occupy rented houses in jown, ‘The real garrison is one company of the Seventh iuianiry, which General Gibvoa bad wiih bim iv bts light at Big Hole aud pad vot yet revurned, J uuderstand (ue sume company will retura wo Benton, MORE TROOPS WANTED. I was waited on vy a very respectable delegation of Gitixons who represented (heir exposed situation, wuo wanted a larger garrison ior their own locality than we have in tue woule jerribory. They bauded mes petition which I will send with this ag it states their Guse {rom their standpoint better than I can, ‘The no douvt Bonton will become u large depositur: woods for trade with the yreat Northwest, emura: jug the Britisn = Posseasions, a trade has spruog up with Canada, round which important settlements are being made, not untike ours in Montana La ume we will be forced to build sume military establish. ment on the Marius nortu of Benton, but ior tue pres- ent Forts Shaw and Bento must suffice, only whey should have garrisuus not only capable of selt-detenuce but of xensiug help to exposed imsorests yutside, ‘ibe question uot 80 much the mere defence of Fort Benton, & single point, easily covered, but the long Toads leading to aud Irom, as also the scattered farms, rauches and herds without which the occupation of the country would have no national inierest We spent Saturday alterooun aod night at Benton and on Sunday revurned w Fort Snaw, reaching there avout six, M,., and staying over twenty-four hours, FORT SuAW. This is @ well butt, weil supplied and creditabio post, good for four tull companiws. General Gibvon bad built a ditch seven miles long which brings Water ecuough to irrigate gova gurdene, aud to flow all through the garrison. ‘The post i well ucacribed in the report. ol the Surgeon General op Muitary Posts, The present garrison is very smail aud was much cut up im General Gibbous Jute ght 1 want tue Adjutant General to send recruits to this rexlment as soon 48 possible, adit is very smallin numbers, with many wounded men lott at Deer Lodge wud here at Helena, The troops of this regiment good aud wall cared tor, have Worked bard ana lougut bard, Noone who hus not seen and lelt the extent of Montana auu traveled {is roads can appreciate its labors and exposures. ‘The ollcery us a while are 4 fine body of geutiewe: who are a credit to the service, relued and temperati 1 would enter more fully intoa description ui Fore Shaw, but tind atl I Would gay in document to which Lallude, On Monday might we took the stage, reached Heiena at two Fk, M., und are now busy pre- paring for our departure to Missoula and the Pacie. MONTANA TERKLCORY, 1 still retain & big opiniva of this territory and think {t merits the fostering cure of the geverul gov- erument, eepeciully of the military, Its exteut 18 au ewpire, the greater. part of which ix exclusively adaptod Lo tbe raising of cate, Lorses und sheep. ‘There is wh abundance of valley laud and of beuch land which can bu irrigated by springs to produce ull the wh Outs, barley aud gurden vegowwrles needed lor million of people, but not for export, For this the people must depend on cattie, woul aud the mines, ‘here is an abugdance of umber exclu sively line for luwbor, Witu Willow and cottonwood, iu thy vaileya Of tue mined 1 cannot spenk of my owa knowledge, 1 see here and elsewhere, where miners Lave leit, piles of gravel tn guich and placer mining, and ab the banks L Have sven samples of gold, but these seem lustgnibcaut ju comparisun with Gali: forum io wy day. 1 also bear of silver mines thus need vuly capita to develop, but I suppose wwe day gone when wen in Buglead’ and New York will ture tier money in such specul. mWouuluib (Nat runs Ube wh the real Roeky, tha real backbone of the conttaent, Wiches, right wud lett, all contain more oF less d sliver, 40 (ual the materi i here, and, souner or ater, Will be found, when macuiuery wiil accomplish what the nuked baud canuui—cbe reduce Gon of this ore. With one-tuird tue popolacion em- ployed as univers hd (he balauce OM farus aud IY Fale jug casue, we will Lave right here a most Valuavlo State, All dream of a railroad, but I discourage the thought and believe Lor many Yours Lo Gums Lue pou ple must Content tuemeelves With the Missourt, wavi- gable as high as Bewtou; tue Yeliowstoug, as ign as Big Horn, and teams to paul thence, and from the Puciie KaiOud, 400 tallew My Guuviebion 14 wisu that bext interests of Luis people wand of the natio Closer Felution With the /ucile States aud | vories, aod 1618 Witb Luis mind tual to-morrow L turn io that direction, ‘There was ouce a Wegen road bene to Waila Walla, the Muilin road, ou whieh @ good deal of money Was spent, For years it was travelled, but now bas gone jnto disuse, aud is bridges are all gone and laea Linbver so obsiructs it that 1 expect tu drop ny Wagons at oF near Missoula and CY Lake to horkes aud packs, ‘Tue probabuity ts that we will go vin Missoula, C@ur d’Aleue, Spokam Bridge, Lewiston, &. Whew passe! on i will write agaio, Muantine | aw, ag ever, yours truly, t. SHRRMAN, SIXTH LATE KR, Four MissouLa, M. T., Sept, 8, 1977. Dean Sie—Sy tus Was from Moleua, August 9. tho next Morning Wo started In our own “ouLitt,”? whieh had come up (roi Fort Wilt, cousiating OF two light spring Wagons aud ono baggage wagon, all drawa by four mules Vor escort wo had one cor- poral and oue privace. The road was marked by heavy travel, abd jod trom Helens norit tothe valiey of Tou Mile Creok, ove of the bot springs, Three miles Out id @ Small ino, Where General Gitbon Was sta with his tamily, by reason of the hot baths, whieh he thinks ure aaVaniageuus to his Wound, We svopped au bour with him, and he ts domg well, althougu bis wound, through the left leg above the knee, bas be- come more painiui than agreeable, Sull bis purpose Was to start lor his pow at Fort Shaw the same day that we leit, Having arranged ali matters of business We started op our journey. ON TH Ascending the valley of in about ten miles We came to the fout of the real Rocky Mountains the vide"? Dewween the of the Atlantic aud the Hace, The ase gradual aud well arranged by a toli road, gi bridged through a pine foress for wbout ve miles, where thore is an open prairie, from which a magyil- Cont View 1s Lad, cust of west, Obe standing on the sUINMIL Could Cast one euip tbat would tual to the Gull and another that would Hoat yy vho Pacific Ocean, miviDE, ‘eu Mile Creek, duo west, ‘The road descends rapidly and follows the valley of the Lithie Beagutoot River to 18 jauction with the Deer Lodge, and thence on to Missoula; bot! wauted to Visit Givbon’s wounded suldiers at Deer Lodge; there- jure we followed the roud to that place, crossing the bigh penimauin saat separates (oe }wo streams, Ov the morulag of September | we orrived at Deer Pretty ii:tle towa, with a good hotel, churches and school houses The town site is im the middle of the valley, with abund- ce of the purest and most beautitul water. On the ge of the town, up On the platcau, is 4 good sto Cathohe church, with a hospital behind, Thaw hs two story fraine bouse, cleau sad weil juruished, and 18 alended by six Sisters of Charity. VISITING THE WOUNDED, Here | visited ali of the wounded men, soldiers and ecnizens of Gibbon’s command, who had been brought here trom bis figut with (ae Nes Perces oo August 9, wdistance of ninety miles Luey are in churge of & citizen surgeoa (Mitchell), who is esteemea bighly qualified and devoted, aud Lirust in due time will compensated. Ail the wounds are healing well ex: those of two men Who Wore BBOC in the fol, abd WhO may each Lave (0 lose a le ease Of oue citizen, badly wounded through the bip aud groin (Lockwood), dose special MEALION, Lor Le Was 4 pure VolUuseer. He lost a brother ia thd battle, bad bis rauca pit jaged vy the lodians aod his stock all used by the PUFsulng troops. General Gibbon speuksin Ligh terms OF his courage and services, and we will do all that is possivie Lo secure lor him pay for what ho bas lost, And moantime will pay bis expenses in the hospital wile copvalescing, which tnay be slow as no will be @ cripple tor lite, TUAs Lockwood 1s unmarried, but the brother who was killed, left a wite and chilureu, who suould bave a peasion, We leit Deer Lodge at noon and drove by a good roud down the valley of the river, lordiug it oceasion- ally Where Liuils sbut of the vullcy, crossing Various tribataries more or less muddied by the washings trom tho gold mines, till we bad made our disiance, vy whieh tine the Deer Lodge, from » beautiiul, clear trout stream, bad become a# nmiuddy ay the Missouri, ‘The vext Wuoraing we Tesuived oUF course, passing. many ranches and one embryo town, “New Chicago,” at the crossing of the Fiiut Kiver, Yesterday we came thy rest of the distance of Li4 miles trom Helena, the Toad 1n its whole extent being good. When there is space there are ranches With good wheal, oatfand ex- cellent gardens of potatves, cabbage und other vegeta- bles, Of these there 14 a abundance all the way, aud the farmers only regret that they bave no market for them save to the tow passing travellers und in the mines. Juuging trom the muddy water cousng in L think the uioers must be numerous aad indisirious, i not very successful. Our rond lay in the valley xs ar us it could get, while the mines ure up the side iches, accossible only by steep roads and sometiines Were paths. ‘I hereloro of tue mines We Kaw noting, AT MISSOULA, * © © Emerging trom the mountain on the north bank of the sweam (Deer Louge, ties! Gate, Missoula, or Clark's Fork, a8 you please,) stands the new town of Mis- Souja—as now 4s pine boards just trom Lhe mill, with its WALL street Of etores and Lotely, and With wide sITeEty, on Which stand good dwellings, churches uud school houses it is already a iuirsiged town and is to become much larger. It has u ne Gouri) good bridge across tho river poiutiug up the Bitior Bvot, aod many sawmills up the ravines bebiod, which are covered with tinber, ‘The Valley of the Mitter Root opens up from the south, bounded on the West vy auothur rango of Wouded mouutalns, und tn the wogle of intersection of the Litter Hoot with the Deer Lodge ia # plateun of dritt gravel, somo twenty feet above \be rivers, periectly level to the eye, sod extending from the foothills of Missoula to the Bitior Koot. The town ts aamiravly sitauted at the outiet of the canyon, just where a beautilul stream of water comes out of tus mountatns trom the uortheast, The site selucted tor the lores on the Bitter Root, about four usiles {rom the town, on the gravel plaigau above descrived, level and treeless, su that the towa and tort are playnly viswle from enoh other. in the Valley of the Bitter Root there ty au abuudunce of timber, willow, cotvonwood and pine, and on the moantains ao abundance of vine of every yize wud varievy, Wo reached hero shortly alter noon yesterday, and found Mwjor Ruwn, seventh iufuntry, with bia own Company and detachments of Lurce otbers, buildiyy a hew post—in all about one bundred men in tev ‘Tue orders aro (or A gue compauy post, and expeuse is limited to $20,000, ‘The’ site chosen by Colonel Merrit when acting as in Spector general on Geucral Sheridan’s stull, The site does very Well, but Was somewnat torced on Merritt by the fact that setilers got aboad Of Bim and gon claims to the better locations, made more eligible vy the flue streams of Water tbat come ous of the muud- tulog, witb head euougn to ve led anywhere on tbe pliin below. Still the site bas the whole Bitter Root, & bold siream Ol pure water, although too low to be Taiged \o the plateau except by artiticial power. The troups use spring Water, which 16 wbundant and can be obtained anywhere vy diggiag Timber is on ali sides. Huy, Oats, flour, beet aud vegetabivs can ail be bougut and ha ere us cueaply as ubapy of our frontier posts, Beel is four conts a pouud aud oats about three cents, General Suerman here gives a minute description of tho post, which is ereciou on the stereotyped pian and is adapted for one company, He thinks it ought to be enlarged toa four company post, He coutinues:— THE INDIANS. beeo four companics bere last year ti Id not bave dared tu revolt, ibore Temata of tb type and class the Flatheuds, Peu WUreilled Spokaves aud Cour d'Aleoes, all ot woo Claim the right lo go Where they please Lurough Mou- tana to the Builalo region at tie headwaters of tho Missourl, ‘Lhe agevt of tue Fiatheads came tu sve me last wight with a moat intelliyent Catholic priest, Who has charge of (ue mission of St. lgnatius, forty: two miles porto of this. ‘They descrive ibe Lngians as numbering 1,700, disposed to pouce, and who relused to yo im with the Nez cs, but vilered to Ught them jo their owa way, ‘The agent bas not a dollar and no wutbority 10 prom om ment They won't work or lay iu & stock of winter food, ‘Thuy say there ure buffatoes near—that is, 300 oF 400 miles to the nortbeust, and wre bound w go aller ihem. ‘they promise to keep well to she porth to avoid tue white settiemenis, Lut ouce out aud bungry they will wteul tame curtle, the was Had the Nez Pero and the ext thing will be shovtug and war, they complain becanse the traders ure tor. biden to sefl them ammunition, They bave forgoiten the use of the bow and arrows, aud all wat powder and c ‘These (hey cauuot get, aod dis- cooicnt 18 oubural. Lue agent seid he tad tried to dissuade them from this hunt ut this time, but witn- Out elec Some have already gone, I told the agent 1 couid not meddle with bis business when he could go vo Deer ud represent the state of afluirs to the Commusiouor of ludian Affairs by welegraph and obtain instructions. ‘These Flatheads are (riendly, but they must go for bufluloes or sturve. Lt iney go tor bullalogs they may come 1m contact with white settlers, who know uot the difference vetweun the Nex Percos and Flutheuds, and trouble may result, I tustance this case to show why we need more than one small company here. A company can delend ite it in a ble urd uw ruliying puiot for jo Kettlers; Lut thiy is nut the ouly office of troops, They must defend tho post aud furnish protection ty threateved points, ‘The valleys of une Deer Lodge already weil settled, but are capavle of giving bowes to ten times as wuny. While laborers are sufloriug in the Bust bore avy man Gay get $40 & month, uud food che, per than ia Pennsylvania, Lt is uniy groceries and waun- faciured articies that are dear, Yecuuse these must be hauled from she Migaguen Ri * * . * * With great respect, yours wel ‘ ij + T. SHERMAN. General Shorman's last Iettor 1s descriptive of Lis paseage (rom Fort Missoula to Portlavd, Oregon, from which point, it will be remembered, ho tvvk steamer to nan Frauvisco, A CARLOAD OF SALMON EGGS. {From the Chicago Field.) Wehad the pleasure of seeing a rotrigerator car ar- Tive at Chicago filled with craves of eggs of the Call. fornia salmon taken from the McUloud River by the United States Fish Commissioner and containing 6,000,000 ogy, Mach crate cousited of two boxes holding 50,000 eggs each, caretully packed in jayers between folds of mosquito vetting, whieh kevt the Oggs from mixing with the alternate layers ot living moss, D0 ‘regular in size ure these eggs that their caretul measarement will always prove to gout the AUlAbEF sv OstIMULed, Witlin w inargin top small for serious note, The car left San Franeisco Ucto- ber 2 apd arrived wt ibis city on the after. noon of the 7th. Krom this pot they were repacked with ice and, distributed to their differ. cut destinations, as toiws:—George Linuoin, Kuck- fori Ii, one crate; W, A. Pratt, Bigiu, HL, vue, L. C, Bw 1 Belleville, Hi, one; jt.’ Pail, , three; Geurge H. Jeroiue, two; E K. Potter, toiedo, Obi, Geneva Luke, Wis, two; 6. county, Wis, one-pail im Weleh, Madison, Wis., ‘ovo; 5. Wilmot, Newcastle, Oot, three; J. B. thomp- sou, New Hope, Ve, two; J. IV’, Vellvg, Marietia Pu, two; Coloue! M. McDonald, F Lal. Voik, Raleigh, N. C., threw; iF. Shaw, An lowa, one; VD. B. Loug, Klisworti, Rave, K. A. Brackott, Winchester, Mars, oue; New Hamp: iro Fish Commision, Viymeusn, S. i, ove; T. By aitimore, Md, turee; Mes. J, Ht. Slwek, ree; M.A " tan Way, nap, South # Witham Geitticbs, 1 ie, Ky, Corry, Pus, ove. ‘Alvo three ‘additional cure of Mt Tepacked, divided aud accompanied by bin to the fullowing destinations :— c. BB ai Zoologica Gardens, Am- Bterdam, Via Kotterdam, 100,000 sag Prussian Minister ot Agriculture, £ 50,000, Herr Vou Benr, Schmolden, Germany, Hatching esiabusuinent at Hunengod, Société D'Acchimatation, Paris, 60,00, Frank Buckland, Southampton, KE Mr. Mather sails in the Mosel, due man Loyd steamers, ov the Lith ins a pleaguut Voyage and the largest measure of success with his delicate ebarge, and a gale return with an in- creased knuwiedye Of Kuropeau methods ot fish cule ture and the construction and management of aquaria, Whieb Is so Little Understood ou this side of tho water, tor, ! crates to the 8. amelin, Germany, We wish him THE ENGLAND Notice Was received at the United States District Attorney's office, yeottrauy, that toe National Steam ship Compauy desired that the stoamsuip Kagiand, of their line, Which Was hbeued afew days ago, should be appraised, Thgs Was immediately done, and the value was fixed at $425,000. Later in the day, in accordance with instructions irom the Solicitor of the Treasury, at Washington, the bond of Mr. F. W. J. Hurst, as the ak, represenwitive of the company, Was accepted and the Evugland released. She will sal tor Europe to-day. eee 4 PERSONAL GOD. ‘The Liveral Club of this elty enjoyed lest evening What might be culled a religious and acieptifie free and easy. ‘The Rev. © P, McCarthy, pastor of the Ameri- can Free Church, opened the meeting by delivering a lecture om the belief in an infinite, intelligent and per- sonal God. 1k was announced that at the close of the lecture adebute would be in order, and all who wisbed ute the lecturer's opinions were at liberty to do 80, Mr, McCarthy was a bold mas thus to beard the lion tn bis den, for Science Mall, where the lecture toox Pisco, is the stronghold of free thought, All the free, thinkers were out in force last night. They were unmistakable, Mr, McCarthy spoke at greater Jongth than aay of his opponents, His argument showed the strong- est orthodoxy, and all the powers of his mind ane tongue were brought out ip support of the popular be- ef in a living God, His chief point was that intelli- gouce could spring from nothing but intelligenco— the infinite, intelligent God—aad that God’s intelli. gence could pot be caused by anything but inteitt- genve--that is, by Himseit. Some hold, be said, ‘that scieuce is opposed to religion, and plays toto the hands of those who deny the existence of an absolute, intelligent being. But how ean tuis’ be when all nature ie bat a revetation of a personul Derug and intelligence? The oljects of science must have been embodied thought betore they could have been compretended by the .boughs of scientisis, ‘Tue seribblings of « child on a slate ure incompreben- sible because they embody no thought; but the ex- pression of thought 1 a book oF in a picture is always latelligible to a thinking man, The same relation which the eye bears to the light and the lungs to the atmosphere js borne by the soul to God, to whom i turns as a pavurally the beliotrope to the gua. It is reasonable to beueve in @ personal Iniluite Being and irrational to doubt ite existence, Let atheism prevail and civilization will cease Lo progress, art will lose ie inspiration, science will beve no end, religion no foundati id the brotherhood of man no lusting bead. The times in- Jorme us that philosophy ts but a long way of spelling fool, and with that lagree, I ask if this brie! adaress cau be overturned argumentatively, und if any one who wishes to oppose it will prove that be is note dunee he will do it by treating the sabject Ip a rational way. Tho next speaker viewed the matter froma differ- ent standpoint, boiding that ‘*$he belief ip ap indowe, jotelligent ana personal God is upreasonable,” and that there is ‘no more necessity of a Goa of na. lure to produce what we see than there ié of @ din wheel & coucn.”” Such a bo said, ts irrecon. cilable with the facts of Qlstory and experience, If there be « God with the power and the will why bi He not made luis u world of platy and 4 of allowing it to be marked with the black spots which the bistory of the race display? No solution being oftcred 10 this conundrum, apether man of free thought mounted the stand 10 state that “it God started this =macbine (the universe) perfectly, tt don't want Hita to Fam it und if Ho didu’t He botebed the work, and is a0 God, " “It there wel ich & Gud in existence before toe world,” log, for thet to eat; without smelling, for there was nothing to sinell, and without thiakiwge, for there was notuing to think about—till, by acci- dent, He bappened to think s world.” The speaker then road a lower, ac- cusing Mr. McCarthy of attempting to enlorce bis arguments §=by ~—s—personi ridicule = and abuse of bis opponents. A man to the audiences ro- poreey demanded who tho letter was signed by, ut was ub last slienced by learning that it was anony. mous, ‘The fourth speaker took the stand at this point and he existence of declared that “tor one men to afirm & persoual pure and simple, tor about it. there ig mothing im the wus reveals a chi or the Jehovab of the Hevrews, uor is there anything 410 Dature which reveais the character of their bell.” "HE SEVENTH'S NEW ARMORY, OFFICIAL PROGRAMME OF TO-DAY'S CEREMO- NIES—ADDITIONAL SUBSCRIPTIONS TO THE WOUND. ‘The laying of the corner stone of the Seventh Regk ment uow Armory will take piace to-day. Tickets of admission to platiorm and reserved space, issued for Voiover 4, will be accosted, The ceremonies will be- giv at three o'clock . M., and Mayor Ely will preside, ORDER OF RxERCISRS. 1, Music by Grufullu’s Seventu Keyiment Band, 2 Invocation by thy Rev, 5. H. Weatoa, D. D,, Chape in of the Seventh regiment, 3 Address by Hon, William M, Everts, 4. Music by ihe baa, 6 Laying of the corner stone by Grand Mastes Couch, Masons State of Now York. 6, Music, ‘The procession will torm io Fifth avevue, near Tweuty-sixth streoi, at two P. M., tm th tollowing order:— . Seventh regiment, x. "ik, 43N.Y., Colonel kmmons (two abreast), for the Governor and jayor und Mr. Kvurts, aud the trustees of the new armory fund—Robert Lenox Kennedy, Royal Poelps aad W. W. Astor. *, ee Veterans of the National Guard, Colonel W- A. Pond, - & Tho officers of the Grand yo of Mi state of Now York und Grucd preening eae ‘The route will be up Fifth avenue to Sixty-seveoth Street, thrgugh Sixty-seventh street to the new wory;, retdruing by the same route the seventh reg: tneat and Veterans Natiouw! Guard will pase in review Vetore tue Adjutant Geueral at Thirty-fourtn street and Fifth aveuue, Guntiewen aod ladies und military aud civic officers accepting invitations to the piatiorm ure requested to pass the poliee and guard ip Fourth avenue, at Sixty-sixth street, from the south; aud the exit lur carriages will Ue through jive uf police at Sixty-sevouth street, north, Gentlemen and ladies baving tickets to space reserved tor ladies aud friends Of active ind veteran members of the regiment are re- quested to enter Sixty-seveoth street irom Lexington or Third avenue, It ts requested that ull seats upoa the platiorm be occupied vefore tbree o'clock. KUMBURIVTIONS TO THR FUND. The New York Life lusurance Campany has sub- scribed $1,000 to the Seventh Mog! New armory Fuad, the Safe Deposit Company $500 aud tue Mer. chats’ Fire Lnsutance Compuay $260, NO INGKATS, [From the Commercial Advertiser, Octoyer 12, 1877.) ‘Tweed now complains that the Commercial “sneers’? wathuot ‘1 teil you | know bim nut” ss Hastings’ re- spouse to Lweed’s appeal in bis adversity.—Syracuse Courier, Mr. Hastings never made any such response. Ho never went back on a friend in adversity. He became one of Mr, {'woed’s bouasmen at the sacrifice of his social, Dusiness and political position because Mr. Tweed bad betrieuded bim in 1871, in his fight with the lave James Brooks aud the Crédit Movilier crowd at Weshingtos, Mr. Tweed bad influence with the iate Speaker Karr, thea ® memuver, aod with omer lead ecraus, He used it in Mr. Hustings’ it. 1s was in response to that act of triendahip ot Me, Tweed that he wrote Lhe loiters which were read the otner duy vefore the Aldermanic Commitvea Notwith- standing Mr. Tweed bas borne inlse witness against Dir, Hewtings and sougus to injure bim, be ts free to , Whatever otters way baye dune, that be never rod” ut Tweed or uttered an unkind word axuiost Lin in private or public, He cup sey shies ia uli truth auw, as Str. Tweed as done his worw Cun do Ho more Lo one wlo never injured him. Those who koow Mr, Hastings well know it i® not his nature tw sifike # man when bi down, He ly uly one word to add. ‘Ther tivn of ucily between Mr. Tweed M Ho is periectly wilitg ly leave that question with tne public, He might eal! Sir, Twoed al! sorts of hard ames, but be prefors to say that if Mr, Tweed can by deuring Julse Witbess agaings bim unbur bis prison door and go scot free, Mr. Hastings is content. He has nothing to fear from Mr. Tweed ia of out of jail lt wus hut the ect of um ingrate to become Mr. Tweed’s bondsinan to the amouut of $100,000 when Mr. Tweed Practically beld the key to bis own privon door for Hight, Sir. Hastings prefers, however, uot to be called an ingrate, TEXAS BORDER SENTIMENT, THE PROSPECT OF A WAR—THE GEESS, [From the Austin (Texas) Gazette, Oct. 7.) , Congress meets next Monday week, and itis e2 pected that the President will send in a special mes; wage on the subject of our disturbed relations with Mexico. Governor Mubbard and General Ord will piace President Hayos in possession of full information of DUTY OF CON- frontier, It will appear ia the sequel that while Presi- dent Dias tully recognizes the obligations of bis gov- erninent to extradite the criminals demanded by Gov- erngr Hubbard, be I totally unable to secomplish his purpose, Ibe Moxican population on the Rio Grande borders bave been #0 long accustomed to ro- gard the spoilations of our people as a bk parsuit that they re to retrain from where Against the central government rather than submit toi, Diaz has already invuked a storm threaten! revolution, in tue effort to keep these bandits ire: depredating on Tex«s soil There is so [dens ne ol tne surrender Of the bandits demanded by Governor Hub- Uard, wud no mode ot oscape Irom the abavdonment of the protection due to American citizens short of a deciaration of Congress authorizing the armed occu. pation of that country. What Congress way do impussivle to tell, but we have a right to expect Tr democratic Representatives in that vody fulijustice to our people, fhe country between so Grande and M iN jeasures are . In consequence ry made, La extent of territory it is larger than Now ot York, and ts capab! baisting millions of ivhabi- tanta, Woe shall look for curly aud decisive action by (ue President aud Congress his tou.