The New York Herald Newspaper, April 25, 1877, Page 8

¢ NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, rRoragieTor, pnd coer , in the ee ay ported toss mithe, Sunday a adesiesectin properly sealed. Jons will pot be returned. ee 1a OFFICE-—NO. 112 SOUTH SIXTH OF SHE NEW YORK HERALD— t Rit ‘OPER \ ANT. LEN Grrick~ NO. 7 sFica A PACE, and advertisement» wil! be received aud tame terms as in New York. GERMANIA THEATRE—Guao FIVOLI THEATRE—Vaniety EGYPTIAN HALL—Vaniery. PARISIAN VARIETIE COLUMBIA OFERA L FIFTH AVENUB THEATRE, Pauscess Rova.. etssninssbatad HALL.—| SSIPOPE | Recrrat. sDAY, AP ro 1877 ) COUNTRY DEALERS. Tho Adams Express Company run a special newspaper rain over the Pennsylvania Railroad and its connections, daily and regular edition of the LrkaLp as tar 1st Ao Harrisburg and South to Washington, reaching 8 i ‘ab a quarter-past six A. M. aud Washington at uarter past four A. M. From our reports this morning the probabilities gre that the weather in New York to-day will be cooler, with increasing cloudiness and, possibly, light rains. War Srreer Yesrerpay.—The stock market ‘waa active and a better tone prevailed. There was a general improvement in the whole list early in the day, and although much of this was lost yet the closing prices compare favorably with those of Monday. Gold was weak, falling from 107%; to 1071s, in spite of the war news from Europe. Government stocks were strong and railroad bonds irregular. Money on call was easy at 2 a3 per cent. NAVIGATION IN THE St. LAWRENCE may be aaid to be fully open. A Goop Many Prorie who have been acci- dentally injured were in the law courts yester- day seeking redress. A Murperer expiated his crime on the gal- lows yesterday in Georgia. He killed his infant child because it could not walk. Tus MOVEMENT IN BROOKLYN to establish a proper private insane asylum is gaining ground and will, no doubt, prove successful. How Mucu It Costs to relieve the poor of Wew York is clearly and succinctly told in a letter we publish in another column. Ax Important Usury Decision was rendered. ‘by Judge Westbrook yesterday, covering an in- teresting point in conflicting State laws. Oxe Wno Has B: a Mormon thinks that the Oneida Community isa worse institution than that presided over by Brigham Young. See our “Complaint Book.” To Be Accusep of larceny because she wou!d not marry her brother-in-law is something out of the common run of domestic infelicity. Yeta young lady in Brooklyn has just had this experi- ence. ‘Tue InvestiGATION into the condition of the savings banks by the State Senate committeo affords lively but not very consoling reading for those who have their hard-earned money in- vested in such institutions. Fortunately there are some notable exceptions. Rarip Transit received a little encourage- ment yesterday by an order of Judge Sanford recognizing the rights of the Central Under- ground Railway Company. Whether we are to have rapid locomotion in this city above or under the ground makes very little difference to the people, who are weary of this constant legal struggle. The time will come when our horse railroad companies will wonder why they re- sisted rapid transit so long. A few years ago the omnibus companies fought the horse cars; now they own stock. The railroad people will come to their senses in time. How Harry THE Pottce Commissioners must be to have awakened such enthusiasm in New York by a diligent discharge of their duties! It fs really affecting to read the expressions of popular feeling in the letters which we print to- day. Can it be possible that after this proof of Mayor will attempt to dis- turb such useful officials? We fear if he does that such an uprising of the people will take » to Mr. Ely that be has no ere with the Police Board. » its literature, but New York, ing on the banks of the Hudson, will have the treasure of dirt which no effete and tyrannical authority shail take from her. Will the hirelings of © to wrest, our garbage from us! tho vandals of cleanliness ! Tur Weataer.—Our special despatches from Galveston, Texas, give details of a terrific storm at that city yesterday morning, which caused an immense amount of damage to shipping as well as buildings. It is even reported that a con- siderable loss of life has attended the torna¢ It will be remembered that we called par ticular attention to the probability of a disturb- ance in the Gulf during the early days of the | week in Monday's Herarp. We are astonished that the Signal Service Bureau gave no intiraw tion of this danger and regret thet warnings were not iesned from Washington to the threat. pned const. A rain belt extended yesterday from the Gulf to the St. Lawrence Valley, throngh the Ohio Valley and the Middle States. A-small depression was central in New Hamp- shire and is now moving to the northeast coast. The weather on the Atlantic coast, the lake region and the Northwest has been fair and warm in the first and cool and clear in the two last named regions. Tho highest pressure is in the Missouri Valley and the Eastern Gulf States. Threatening weather is probable in the South- west. In New York to-day the weather will be cooler, with increasing cloudiness and, ane light rains. Never, so long as the | present Police Commissioners are in oflice to | defend our dirt piles from the ruthless hands of Across the Pruth. War against Turkey was declared yester- day by the Emperor of Russia, and a strug- gle likely to be momentous was initiated by the advance of Russian troops into territory which though hitherto practically neutral is regarded by the Ottomans as a portion of their Empire. Already, no doubt, the light troops of the Ottoman army are ravaging the Roumanian country; for they were held on the southern shore of the Danube like wild beasts, caged, till word should come that the Russians had passed the Pruth; then they were to be let loose, their savage spir- its stirred and stimulated by the rewards that were bestowed for the butcheries they practised in Bulgaria at this season last year. For the movement of the Bashi- Bazouks into Roumania there is a good mili- tary reason, They are sent to destroy the Roumanian railway, in order to impede the Russian advance. But whether they fail or succeed in that operation they will spread the terror of their name in the defenceless villages, and will, per- haps, startle the world with a prologue appropriate tothe bloody drama of a war against the advance of civilization by the last barbaric Power that retains a foothold in Europe. It should not be forgotten that however we may regard the Russian policy or the Turkish, England’s interest or Austria's, there is civilization on one side the line of battle and barbarism on the other. People may have their projudices against Rus- sia, and say that she has shed crocodile tears over the Eastern Chris- tians only to cover her ‘own schemes, or they may have English sympathies, and through these work themselves into hys- terics of admiration for the Power that it has suited England’s interest to sustain. But what cannot be rubbed out, and what neither Russia nor Turkey can help, is that asthe Russian colors move forward the do- main of civilization is enlarged, new dis- tricts are opened into which govern- ment, law, justice, enlightenment may possibly enter; but as they recede— if they shall recede—districts must be relegated to all that is evil in the sway of human creatures over other human Grea- tures; to tyranny in its vilest forms; to blind, brutal, murderous oppression. All this has commonly been expressed by the use of the words Christian and Moslem; but it should be understood that these, in this connection, are not so much religious as political terms. Christianity, as thus used, means a form of civilization—that form of civilization upon which all the govern- ments and political systems of West- ern Europe are founded; the form of civilization that prevails in every land under the sun where there is an enlight- ened people or a just administration of law, or where a man is sure for a single day of his life or his property. If it is desirable that the good should prevail in the world— that a higher type of civilization should displace a baser wherever they come in con- tact—then it is assuredly desirable for every reason that a splendid triumph should in this war crown the Russian arms ; for Russia fights to put down the declared and natural enemies of all that the world holds to be good in government. That Russia will overcome her foe is scarcely open to doubt. Precisely how capable the Russian commanders may be for directing great operations only the future can tell. Blunders will be committed, as they are Mm all wars, and they have ever been especially costly in Russian wars, But the resources of this enormous Empire are such that it is scarcely possible for the great- est conceivable series of blunders to put its cause in danger in this conflict. How great a force Turkey can really muster in the excitement of desperation is doubt- ful. It has been said that for a war like this the people would give ‘the last man and the last dollar ;” but the ad- mirers of the Moslem should not say too much on that subject while men remember the experience of the ‘‘voluntary contribu- tions” made by the Turkish people last year to enable their government to defy the world in arms, All the Sultan's dominions were threshed and hatchelled to gather those ‘‘voluntary contributions,” and what was the stupendous result? Less than two millions of dollars. From this it appears that the Ottoman does not become so utterly lost in his fanaticism as to forget his indi- vidual interests ; and if the last man does not come out any more readily than the last dollar did on that occasion he may come too late to be useful. If the Turks should gather a very large army the greater part of it would be of little value on the field of battle. It might be efficient for ravaging and tearing up an enemy's country; but if the war is waged on Turkish soil it would be useful only in harassing outposts and disturbing communica- tions. As for the excellence of what is good in the Turkish armies it has been exaggerated in reports colored for obvious reasons, English opinion has endeavored to reconcile itself with its relations with the Turks by dwelling on their military virtues as an evidence of superior manhood, Hence the glowing accounts of the splendid qualities of the Ottoman soldier, He is a soldier who always gets whipped unless he has some pitiful Power like Servia to deal with, What are the names of the battles that the Turks alone have won against good armies since the introduction among them of the military system of Western Europe? On the other hand, the Russians will be- gin with an army of six hundred thousand men, and will have a million in arms be- hind it; and these will all be men trained more or less effectually in military meth- ods—men of a warlike race and as stanch in | battle as any men in the world, Financially the Powers are not unequal, for neither is rich, nor is their credit good in any market, If fair reasoning could be applied to such a case it might well be thought that the Turks could not get a loan on any terms; but the fatuity of the British investor has been observed. Contem- plating the facts through the medium of his prejudices he may deem the chances of the Turk at least as good as were those of the Southern Confederacy, But in a war be- tween two Powers that have despotic gov- ernments it should be observed that the | dictum as to the importance of money is less | put-him, applicable than in other cases. Both the Czar and the Sultan may take men wherever they find them and pay them when they please; and they may take wherever they can find it in their dominions whatever they need to feed, clothe and equip them. Their absolute need of money is only to procure from: foreign countries such supplies as they cannot make. Their financial straits may shorten the war, yet will not altogether cripple either side, In the report of the proceedings in the German Parliament yesterday it will be noted that Count Von Moltke said:— “The time is not far distant when every government will be compelled to strain all its strength for securing its existence.” If journalists talked in that way the soldiers would say it was for the sake of sensation. General Von Moltke probably does not be- lieve that Europe is to bo plunged into a general war the day after to-morrow. He had a pet measure for increasing the army which he wished to get through Parliament, and tho Parliament was a little obstinate about it; so he thonght he would frighten them with the spectre of a great French army ; and he did, and his law was passed. That is the significance of his speech. It was a little piece of strategy. Low: Free, At noon yesterday, while the Cathedral clock was still striking twelve, the order was given for the United States soldiers who have so long protected Packard to march out of the building which he has occupied as a State House, and, keeping step to the music of a military band, they were immediately on their way to the Jack- son barracks. The city of New Orleans was never more profoundly tranquil than at the hour which marked the great transition from an old to a new era in the history of that great section of the Republic which we call the South. The 24th of April, 1877, will be evermemorable in our annals as ending the political cycle which began on the 12th of April, 1861, with the firing on Fort Sumter by armed secessionists. During this remarkable period of sixteen years there has not been a day until now when the mili- tary power of the United States was not in some form exerted cither to subdue or to overawe the people of some portion of the Southern States. Since noon yesterday every Southern State is as free to control its own affairs as is New York or Massachusetts. We are profoundly convinced that events will vindicate the policy of President Hayes in putting this final end to a state of things which, during the administration of his im- mediate predecessor, was a scandal to American institutions. We congratulate President Hayes that he has succeeded in converting into a fact the sentimental wish of poor Mr, Greeley about shaking hands across the bloody chasm. We congratulate both him and the country that he has been the successful instrument, under Provi- dence, of realizing the memorable aspira- tion of President Grant, in his first letter of acceptance, ‘‘Let us have peace.” As be- tween the two great sections of our common country may it be perpetual ! Robeson and the Navy. If Secretary Thompson wants to do some- thing really helpful to the revival of the whig party and creditable to the adminis- tration of which he is an important and ex- cellent member we advise him to take ex- traordinary pains to clear up the great Robeson mystery. During the last eight years there was a great deal of money ap- propriated to the navy ; and yet somehow we have no navy to speak of and there is not enough money left to pay the officers, The House of Representatives last year did its best to unravel this mystery ; an investi- gating committee unearthed a good many scandals and what were under the last ad- ministration gently called ‘‘irregularities ;” they found that Robeson’s friends, the Cat- tells, and others, had made a good deal of. money out of the navy ; but they never dis- covered the real Robeson trick. Itis so rare a thing for a Congressional investigating committee or a commission of any kind to discover anything worth knowing that the ill success of Congress did not surprise us. But now comes Secretary Thompson, a man of undoubted honesty and high char- acter, having no friendly relations with the late Secretary to blind him, and making a new career for himself and the President. Report says that he is looking into the Robeson mystery, and we hope he will con- tinue looking, and make everybody in the Navy Department help him look, until he sees through it. If there isany purblind person in the department who seems to stand in the way Mr. Thompson ought to get him out of the way at once. The coun- try suspects Mr. Robeson of having played avery sharp game. If he was really honest it would be a proper thing for his successor to demonstrate and certify that fact; if he was not, then Mr. Thompson's plain duty is to make that known. The democratic House means to try again at the extra ses- sion, but we should much prefer to see Sec- retary Thompson do the work without demo- cratic help. It would bea feather in the administration's cap. “ Give Mr. Field a Chance. Congressman Muller says he has been asked to resign his place in favor of Mr. Dudley Field, but that he promptly de- clined. Why does not some republican Congressman resign and give Mr. Field a chance? Mr. Field used to bea republi- can. In the last House he was very plainly told by a democratic member that his ser- vices were not greatly valued on the demo- eratic side. In fact, there was an ungra- cious disposition toward the close of the session to surrender Mr. Field to the repub- licans without a struggle. Mr. Blaine and Mr, Ben Wade seem inclined to go over to the opposition; it would be only fair play in the democrats to let the administration have Mr. Field. It will not do for the democratic party to be greedy or to attempt to monopo- lize all the talent. Let us have fair play in the political arena, and let a republican Congressman be told to get out of the way and give Mr. Field achance. He is needed in the next Congress, but in our judg- | ment the democrats could afford to do with- | NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 25, 1877.—-TRIPLE, SHEET, Light at Last. The remarkable testimony given before the Senate Investigating Committee yester- day settles the question as to who supplied the press with information of the alleged contents of William M. Tweed’s statement to the Attorney General. The document was read to Mr. John Kelly, as the chief financial officer of the city, by the Attorney General and Mr. Townsend, Tweed’s coun- sel, and its substance was communicated by the Comptroller first to the proprietor and subsequently in detail to the city editor of the World. Mr. Kelly did not regard the information as confidential. In this he seems to be at variance with Mr. Townsend and Attorney General Fairchild, both of whom have repudiated the idea that the hitherto mysterious “third person” who was made acquainted with Tweed's disclos- ures could be the leaky vessel in the affair. Mr. Kelly insists on the correctness of the main points of the published statement, and reiterates the stories implicating Senator Woodin in the alleged legislative corrup- tions of 1870-71. ‘This testimony sets at rest all doubt as to the character of the revelations promised by Mr. Tweed, and of which he has skilfully given the law officers of the State and the public a taste in order to whet their appe- tites and induce them to throw open the cage door and give the Ludlow street star- ling his liberty. No doubt the once ample breast of the ex-Boss is the depository of secrets that, if revealed, would create a frightful panic among those who in former days bowed down before him and were eager to do his bidding. Everybody be- lieves this, and we can see no reason why so much fuss should be made because the veil has been raised and the public has been afforded a glimpse of the Tweed confession. It has been charged that Mr. Kelly made public the information he gained from the Attorney General for the purpose of defeating the bills relating to the New York city government now pending at Albany. Mr. Kelly denies such an ob- ject ; but if such was his desire it is not probable that he would succeed, The bills now under consideration must stand on thoir own merits and not on the personal character of any of their supporters. ‘They promise to give us a better and a more economical city government than we now have, and the bare suspicion that a partisan trick has been resorted to to cause their failure should only serve to make their pas- sage the more certain. Ambrosial Fragrance. It was all Mr, Ambrose’s own fault. If that patriotic street cleaning reformer had only posted us fully as to his objects in de- siring to transfer the street cleaning and garbage dumping business to the Board of Ill Health, Professor Chandler chairman, we should have been found in active sym- pathy with the movement and not in oppo- sition to it, We knew that the reformer had assisted in the distillation of Ambrosial fragrance on the Harlem flats, but we were not aware that he had a couple of big ‘fill. ing in” contracts now on hand and that he wanted the city’s garbage to dump on his sunken lots. Now this is thrift and impar- tiality combined. Thrift, because if Am- brose can be paid for filling the sunken parts of Eighth avenue and One Hundred and Seventh street, and paid also for getting rid of the stuff he uses for the filling, why, his profits will evidently be doubled. Impar- tiality, because it is unfair to confine Chandler's bouquet des immondices to the Harlem flats proper, and there is no good reason why its odors should not be enjoyed in other parts of the city. Now, there is only one obstacle in Ambrose’s way. This can be removed if the Health Board should obtain control of the city garbage. Then Professor Chandler would fill the Ambrose scows and give their owner a ‘‘clean bill of health” for dumping their loads in the swampy grounds of One Hundred and Sev- enth street and of Eighth avenue. ‘This certainly proves that the Board of Ill Health is just the authority for street clean- ing and garbage dumping, and the sooner the Ambrose bill becomes a law the better, unless, indeed, it can be replaced by a yet more effective measure. Why should not the whole street cleaning business be transferred at once directly to the hands of a contractors’ combination formed of Mills and Ambrose, Jones and McQuaid? Then there would be no obstacle, not even the trumpery one of Professor Chandler's Board, between the city offal and garbage and the sunken lots at Harlem and elsewhere. We might then build up a great portion of our city over a nicely crusted bed of pestilence and death. We should, besides, get rid of much trouble and expense and spare the small brains of our Police Commissioners a great amount of labor. By all means let us have Ambrose and his fellow contractors as our street cleaners in preference to Chand- ler and his Board. Only we must inake one bargain with Ambrose. He must agree to screen the dead horses and cows, and then as to dogs, cats and such small fry, he can dump them wherever he pleases, The Senate and the Bank Superin- tendent. A good many poor people in New York and Brooklyn who lost money in savings banks are watching attentively the course of the republican State Senate in regard to Mr. Ellis, the State Superintendent of Banks, Governor Robinson on the 5th of April sent in a message recommending his removal on charges of incompetency and neglect of duty. On Monday the Governor sent in another batch of charges and again | asked that Mr. Ellis be removed. ‘The charges made against him show gross neglect of duty in a matter where it was peculiarly his place to be watchful—namely, in his examinations of the savings banks. It seems to be established, even by letters of his own, that he. knew in’ some cases that banks were not prudently managed and were in an unsafe condition ; yet he allowed them to go on receiving in trust the savings of the poor. The Henaxp has often urged the enormity of his offence, for none of the failures and frauds in savings banks could have taken piace had he exercised due vig- ilance. There are people who say that if Mr. Ellis were not a republican the republican Senate would before this have consented to his re- moval. We donot say this; but we do say that’ his case should be decided without delay, and we repeat that nothing should be held so sacred as the savings of the poor, and that if Mr. Ellis had done his duty as examiner it would have been impossible for the mismanaged savings banks to go on as they did receiving deposits long after they were insolvent. The question to be decided in regard to Mr. Ellis is not as to his guilt, but as to the degree and manner of his mis- conduct. The Extra Session. Our Washington correspondent notes an increase in the excitement there in regard to the extra session. There are politicians, it seems, who expect a prolonged session, with bitter debates and acrimonious attacks on the President. It is probable that with those who spread such reports the wish is father to the thought. There are, no doubt, dema- gogues on both sides who would like to plunge the country, even in midsummer, into a new and fierce political turmoil ; but there are enough wise men in both parties to prevent this. Neither the leading democrats nor the ad- ministration republicans want a prolonged session, At the adjournment in March prom- inent democrats were quite ready to help the President get on without an ex- tra session; but it was found impos- sible to do so, When Congress ‘reas- sembles in June it is probable that the most influential men of both parties will co- operate to finish the business needing to be done and hasten an adjournment. The Speaker of the House will not appoint the committees; the President will send in a message relating only to the Army bill; a special committee on the Navy Department may be appointed, but it will have leave to sit during the recess, and if the Senate should insist on debating after the Honse has completed its work it is possible that the President may be called upon to exer- cise his constitutional power to dismiss Congress. It has never been necessary to do this heretofore, and the Senate is so evenly balanced that the necessity is hardly likely to arise now. We do not anticipate a long or a bitter session, and it is quite cer- tain that the country does not desire it. The people want a rest from political excite- ment. PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE, Charles Francis Adams will visit Dublin, Wade Hampton !s emotional and has a humpback nose, Countess Herberstein, of Austria, 16 at the Bucking- ham. ‘tweed thinks that silence is golden and that mum's imperial, Jackets and dolmans of light cloth are worn with dark dresses, First of all Tweed wants to know what they are go- ing to do about it, M. Henri Cernuschi arrived at the Brevoort yester- day from Boston, New buttons, to be arranged in the ovorlapping style, have tho eyelet on one side instead of in the middle, Fried eels are good, but not always healthful. It ig a question whether they will be allowed in the White House, Rough and ready straws, trimmed with wreaths of wild flowers, will bo worn for sbopping and travelling purposes. Mrs, Secretary Sherman woars pearl silk, with white lace, her corsage, open to the waist, being filled with foamy illusion. A blonde im her teens bas sued “Jacky” Baldwin, the San Francisco millionaire, for $100,000; and it looks like a case of blackmail. Senator Lamar is not averse to the use of navy plug as a soother of the Southern heart, But will Mr. Hayes permit any chewing in the White House? Legislation in Canada has increased the privileges and the security of building societies, which are popu- lar and which are increasing in number and strength. It is said that Turkish baths and the drinking of milk in which figs have been stewod will cure cancer, The mash of figs has been applied asa poultice in some cases. A Canadian lady isin the prime of her beauty at thirty, because she has plonty of outdoor exercise, and, as a recent writer says, travels in winter mach on snow shoes, Norristown Herald:—A seedy old ‘chap thinks it is very strange that the number of men who are willing to lend you five dollars is so outrageously small in comparison with the namber who want to borrow that amotnt,’”? The London Spectator, speaking of John D. Lee, the Mormon, says:—‘‘It is characteristic of the man and of the Union that be delayed his death for a few mo ments in order that his photograph might be taken and copies sent to three of his eighteen wives.” A traveller says that the inhabitant of Moscow, speaking on tho representations of visitors as to their rank, addresses you as a German teacher (or nurse), & French hairdresser (or dressmaker), an Knglish en- gineor (or governess), a Polish count (or countess). When a pretty young lady is crossiag Broadway, near the Astor House, it is necessary for the policeman to put his arm around her waist for fear that she might bo run over, The only mistake the policeman makes is in not putting his arm round the oid man’s waist. The late Mr, Bagehot, whose brilliant writings can- not die with bim, was a practical banker, and was constantly consulted by the Cabinets, Ho was weak Sighted and had a defect of utterance; but he was a writer, usually exact, who sometimes sacrificed facts to style, Douclan, secretary of the Duke de Broglie, says of M. Rénap, that “he is @ great coquet among thoo- logians and savans, His coquetry is dashed with tm- pertinence, but he gives the men of his gencration in all things—bonbons with a flavor The Chicago Tribune prints, under the head of “Per- sonals,”’ an item abouta whale being driven ashore. The Tribune used to complain becnuso the Hzraup would sometimes sacrifice personality to brilliancy. We aro slowly but surely revolutionizing the journal- ism of the nn. LITERARY CHL SHAT, The London Bookseller says that ® Pollygiot Bunyan is projected to cover an isete of the “Pigrim’s Progress’? in every language spoken in civilized coun- trios. As an illustration of the amenities of authors, the re- cent London law case Is noted in which Dr, L. Schmitz, author of soveral popular histories of Greece and Rome, was sued by Proiessor Gennadios, of the | University of Athens, for aa appendix, contributed to Seumitz’s Greece, by the professor, giving & history of that country to 1862 The jury found for the plain. tif, Damages £10. Dr. Goldzibor’s “MythologytAmong the Hebrews,” Just published by Longmans, is said to be marked by scholarship and ingenuity, and is the work of an em- inent Oriental scholar, M. Xavier Durif has printed in Pa @ stuay on ‘Lending at Interest, from the Standpoint of Political Koonomy, History and Law. No study is more zealously puraued at present (hao ethnology M. Arbois de Jubainville has added to this science a valuable work, “Les Premiers Inhabi- tans de "l'Europe, A new and extensive work on the dialects and idioms of Southern France, forming a complete dic- tionary, in three volumes, by M. Azais, is just appear- ing in Paris, Dr. Spencer Thomson's ‘Dictionary of Domestic | Medicine,’ revised for the United States by HH, Smith, M. D., will soon appear from Claxton’s press. the United States is proposed by W. A, Goodyoar, of San Francisco, a minnig engineer. A work on tho coal mines of the Western coast of | TELEGRAPHIC NEWS From All Parts of the World. NOW, FOR WAR! Speeches, War Manifestoes and Notes of Farewell, ALEXANDER TO HIS ARMY, Significant Speech from Count Yon Moltke. ROUMANIA BETWEEN THE MILLSTONES, [BY caBLE TO THE HERALD.] Lonpon, April 25, 1877, The campaign on the Danube may now be said to have fairly opened. By the time this sees the light in your columns the main body of the Russian army in Europe will have crossed the Turk- ish frontier. Already Bucharest, the capl- tal of Roumania, is occupied by a large body of troops. ‘The immediate reason for the rapid Russian advance is to protect the rail- way bridge at Barboschi. Ifthe Turks succeed in destroying the bridge the Russians will have great diMculty in procuring supplies from the rear. lt is very safe to say that the advance from Bessarabia will be followed by @ simultaneous movement from Tefiis toward the Armenian frontier. Persia's co-operation has been guaranteed to Russia, if such good authority as Captain Burnaby is to be credited. The absence of facilities for communicating with the Russian army in Transcaucasia renders it impossible ta have any definite news from there, but the HERALD’s special correspondent at Bucharest telegraphs that a Russian royal steam yacht left Odessa on Sunday morning direct for Ponti, on the Astatic side of the Black Sea, bearing special cour- riers from the Czar at Kischeneff to the Russian commander at Teflis. Arriving at Ponti, the declara- tion of war will be telegraphed to Teflls. A special address to the Russian troops from Turkestan and Khiva is said to have been added to the budget, ‘The declaration of war reached Teflis, in all proba- bility, yesterday afternoon, ‘Therefore, by to-day or to-morow the advance of the main body will have been begun. Everything has been in waiting for the 2th of Apri) for weeks. Had such an understanding not ex: isted it is certain that the Czar would have waited @ week or two yet until the roads in Roumania were less muddy. The die is cast now, however, and neither weather nor Turkey's deflance can deter the Muscovites from their desperate purpose. The Russian advanced guard, which began crossing the Pruth at sunrise yesterday, numvers 50,000 men, half cavalry and haif infantry. They are taking the direction of Galatz. Five other divisions, with forty cannon, are stationed at Kubei. They will advance so as to reach the Danube at Ismail, Killa and Vilof. Com- panies of sappers, who have already passed through Bucharest, are going to Giurgevo to throw up defences against Turkish raids, The Porte hag asked Servia to prevent Russian troops from crosse ing the Danube and entering that principality, THE TEXT OF THE DECLARATION OF WAR. The following is the text of the Czar’s manifesto:— “Our faithful and beloved subjects know the strong Interest we have constantly felt in the destinies of the oppressed Christian population of Turkey. Our de- sire to ameliorate and assure their lot has been shared by the whole Russian nation, which now shows itselj ready to bear fresh sacrifices to alleviate the position of the Christians in the Balkan Peninsula. The blood and property of our faithful subjects have always been dear to us, and our whole reign attests our constant solicitude to preserve to Russia the ben- efit of peace. This solfcitude never failed to actuate us during the deplorable cvente which occurred in Herzegovina, Bosnia and Bulgaria. Our object before all was to effect amelioration in the position of the Christians in the East by means of pa- cific negotiations; and, in concert with the great Euro- pean Powers, our allies and friends for two years, we have made incessant efforts to induce the Porte to ef- fect such reforms as would protect the Christians in Bosnia, Herzegovi: ind Bulgaria, from the arbitrary measures of local authoritics, The accomplishment of these reforms was absolutely stipulated by anterior en- gagements contracted by the Porte toward the whole of Europe. Our efforts, supported by diplomatic repre- sentations made in common by the other govern. ments, have not, however, attained their object. The Yorte has remained unshaken tn its formal refusal of any effective guarantce for the seeurity of its Christian subjects, and has rejected the conclusions of the Constantinople Conference, Wisbing to essay every possible means of conciliation in order to persuade the Porte, wo proposed to tha otber Cabinents to draw up a special protocol compris. ing the most essential conditions of the Constantino. ple Conference, and to invite the Turkish government to adhere to this international act, which states the extreme limits of our peaceful de- mands, But our expectation was not fulfiled. The Porte did not defer to this unanimous wish of Chris- tain Kurope and did not adhero to the conclusions of the protocol. Having exhausted pacific efforts, we are compelled by the haughty obstinacy of the Porte to proceed to moro decisive acts, feeling that our equity and our own dignity enjoin it, By her refusal Turkey places us under the neces. sity of having recourse to arms, Vrofounaly convinced of tho justice of our cause, and humbly committing ourselves to the grace and help of the Most High, we make known to our faithiul subjects that the moment foreseen when we pronounced words to which all Russia responded with complete unanimity bas now arrived. We expressed the in- tention to act independently when we deemed tt necessary and when Russia’s honor ehould demand it. In now invoking thé’ blessing of God upon our valiant armies we give them the order to cross the Turks frontier, “ALEXANDER. “Given at Kischenef this the 12th day of April (old style), in the year of grace 1877, and in the twenty- third year of our reign.” THE GORTECHAKOVP CIRCULAR. Tho following is the text of Prince Gortschakoft'# i circular:— “The Imperial Cabinet has, since the commencement of the Eastern crisis, exhausted all means in its power in order to bring about, with the co-operation of the Great Powers, the lasting pacification of Turkey, All the proposals made to the Porte in consequence of the understanding between the Powers have, however, met with insurmountable resistance. The London protocol was the last expression of the united will of Earope, The Imperial Cabinet bad in signing it, offered its hand asa last ate tempt at conciliation. By its declaration accompany- ing the protocol it had marked out the conditions which, 1f loyally aceopted and carried out by the Porte, wero calculated to bring about tho ro-estaby The Porte haw | lishment and strengthening of peace. A answered by afresh rofusal. This eventuality was 20