The New York Herald Newspaper, April 23, 1877, Page 5

HERALD EXPLORATION. Examining the Great Morass in Florida. e THE WACISSA RIVER. 4& Boat Built for the Voyage of Discovery. LAUNCHING “THE CACIQUE.” Beauties of a Semi-Tropical Stream— A Moonlit Sail and a Negro Poling Song. EXPEDITION THE AFLOAT. Ox Boarp tur Hxrato Boat Tux Cacigu: Wacissa River, March 28, 1877, } The exploration chronicled from !a0 HexaLp camp at “Sink o’ Piphooks’’ in January and February, while failing mits principal object, produced unexpected fruit—the discovery of a monnment of mysterious origin in the depth of the Wacissa morass, The sug- gestion naturally arose that ‘t ropresented a prebig- toric time, since the retrospect of American annals is so brief, and that it might be a once portentous idol, long since bereft by time of its oracles. Archwolo- gists have ascribed the samo character to far less im- Posing relics found in the tumuli of the Mississipp! and Oblo valleys. Tho fact that the flat aud swampy lands of Florida—-so great a portion of iis extent— probably at no remote period underwent great geo- logteal changes, which is indicated by even an unscien- tifle examination of their features, renders the pres- ence of this stony image in so uninhabitable a place legs remarkable, The morasses may have been smiling meadows, peopled by a race as worthy of antiquarian regrets as the van- ‘shed Etruscans. Much of Florida is to geol- Ogista a terra inccgnita, and the opinion that its enormous tracts of amphibious country were long ago, by a natural course, greatly depressed, lacks the sanc- Mon of their authority. But, laying aside such hypothesis, or supposing that the cataclysm occurred prior to the sculpture of this rude form, we advance less singular or improbable theory than that of the favans respecting the ancient inhabitants of Switzcr- land, The notes of observation left us by the varly in- vaders of Florida mention customs prevailing amoung the then degenerate tribes which may well be supposed. to have been copied by them from the aboriginal or previous raco whom they displaced in the sovercignty ofthe land. One of these was the erection of mounds for the purpose of alevating their dwellings above tho fampness of the morasses, tho earthworks created with such a design being to-day distinguishable from those which were merely vast tombs by the small number of telics to be found inthom. The Inca, Garcilaso do Vega, who chronicled Do Soto’s gallant conquest, ac- quaints us with them, and mentions in particular ono near the Espiritu Santo of the Spaniards, Tampa Bay, Aller studying this peculiar custom, the finding of an do! on a high island in the midst of a morass and in the vicinity of several well defined mounds, should Ot appear any more incredible than the former ex- istenco of the lacustrine settioments among the Alps. A NKW OBJECT, The island discovered by the Hxraup exploring party was found by accurate observation of longitude gad scrutiny of the mapto lie puta short distance from the main chaunol of the Wacissa River, and my assistants actually reached and waded iato that stream before abandoning the line of survey prujected from the Pinhook Camp. They reported to me the relative Position of the island therewiih, On its eastern sido flows a black and almost fathomless tide, barely wide enough for the passage of a canoe, and which they wore only enabled to cross by felling a huge cypress so as to form a bridge. Thus, and—it may be—nourly at the same place, they used the moeuns so often employed by Hernando de Soto in his weary progress westward to the province of Apalachee. From Garcilaso de Vega’s account of bis traversing the *‘great morass’? it. would seem that this very region was the scene of that toilsome march, Tho Heraxp pioncers assured me.that in all probability there existed a uearly clour passage¢by water from the river to tho island, and suggested the possible removal of the monument onaralt. At the same time, since the observations had of the mysterious smoke trom the Hxratp observatory, near the Sink o’ Pinhooks tndi- cated its haunt to be in tuis vicinage, it not unnatu- Tully occurred to me that an exploration of the sup- posed bayou or passage might gain two ends, either of which would well reward whe necessary toil aud en- durance. The HxRratp pioneers were re-enlisted for a second expedition, and preparatious of quite an elabor- até character were made. I must describo them in detail. THE MAGIC RIVER, The Wacissa might well be called the ‘River of Magic"? Twenty-five miles trom the coast of the Gull of Moxico 1 bas ita birth in the midst of the He was a tall, gannt specimen, with a towey head and which (; over — and sneering lipn His were of out dlueness, as it the acidity bis nature had eaten away their col bis forehead was a peng! and ind a eae aochvity, , as were hie thin cheeks, with “the fever.”” what is that? The aifliction with which Martin Chuzzlewit wrestied in the New World, and which quenebed Mark Tapley’s aspiration “10 come out stroug.”” It is noire of the “crackers,’? ‘This Geberman diffused about him a most unwelcome eiluvia which sorely vexed my oltactories. Sol quickly came to my Dasiness, and, as usual, was dee manded an outrageous price for a floating tub, whose cost could hardly have been the amount for three days’ hire, “NO, THANK You.’? While ho spoke I nervously drew as far away from his person as | politely might; but bis vulture-like eye did not lose the movement “Btrocnger, | reckon you’s a-sorter streenge ter the fever, aint ye? Wal, l’se used ter 1%, sum’at, an’ !’se used ter that air smell, tew, that 1 see you doun’t hke, Look a-byere, it’s duroed hulsum, though, Its ‘fat idy, that is. ‘Woan’t you bev sum on it?”” “What on earth is that’ No, | thankfully decline” “Why 'fotidy, doun’t you know? We chaws it tor the fever,”? Every time he mentioned the fever it was in large capitals, and the vowels were jong drawn out. Hi breath rusbed in my face in a perfect gale, and I re- cognized the infernal odor as thatot the borrible drug calied assatutida, ‘It's right plaisant when a man's kinder used to it,’ said he; and I lett him with @ silent resolve to shun his tribe. THE BOAT BUILDING, ‘Nothing could be done now but to build a vessel to Suit the object of the.expedition. I sent my chief of pioneers in search of a man who w: be ‘willing to sell me the necessary lumber, und myself went to run boat builder koown ‘Old Saw Martin,” in to discuss the proposed model of the Hera. This personage is u well known character in Western Florida, and when you behold his venerable features and long grizzied beard you are fain to beheve that he is arelative of old Time bimsell. There may be a distant cousinship, for Old Sam is by unquestioned prerogative the Old Provabilities of Monticelio, Mis {ptallibility as a weather prophet is tn everybody's mouth, He kKuows, too, pretty well the lines of beauty aud utility in a boat, und jo to Bee it grow beneath bis hand from rough and un- fashioned timber to grace and stanchness. The modei selected contemplated 15 feet of length with 3 feet of breadth at the bedi, Her prow is sharp and raceful, and boldly overrides tho ripples; while her ull 1g moulded from the thwarts astern, so that the very resistance of the current readers her onward gliding most easy, Old Sum “reckoned” she would *ghoow'? over the watér ‘ue lightly as a widgeon, and his saying Was more than borne out by her success, The ‘fattest” of yellow pine, which, with its resinous richness, was pearly transiucent tn the sunlight, was chosen for ber, Old Sam rolled up his siecves, seized his rule and chalk, and wey to bis work mith all the soul-vorp enthusiasm of art. Soon were busy saw and mailet, and for hours together they made a choer- ful and not unpleasant chorus to him who watched tho growth of what was to bear him over the treacherous deep, With the belp of a negro mechanic Old Sam, io less than twenty-four hours, bad given to the rough timbor the semblance of an Argonautic cralt, Short afterward she was complete—trim, graceful, ight, yet strong. had already appointed *Brudder” Jake Byrd her master, and, the crew being not yet on duty, he worked faithiully at calking ber bottom with native cotton and pitch and had finished before dawn on the day fixed for the launch, THE LAUNCH, The HERALD boat would 101 compare with the cratt of the New York Yacht Club; but tor strength, beauty and lightness she far excels all those that havo hereto- tore skimmed the suriace of tbe Wacissa, Accordingly e was numed, in due remembrance of the virtues of @ Mucozo und of the Suvage associations o! her destinod pathway, ‘The Cacique.” Placed on adray draw by mules and laden with provisions, ammunition, guns, compass and camp furniture, sho was conveyed over eighteen miles of sandy road to the head of tue Wacissa, There sho was curétully placed upon tho beach, and, amid the cheers of her crew, was launched into the othereal stream, and lo! the HeRaLp expedition js on its way. She was moored, however, at the head of the river until the fol- Jowing morning and the camp was pitched tor the night in the open giade, surrounded by gum and hickory trees, festooned by the Jessamine and rose. A bright fire of light wood Jit the scene—the white tent and its bi en surroundings -as, seated upon my camp chest, ale &® supper of partridges and corn bread, A litle Jator a reddish disk began to gleam through the shad- ‘ows of tho wood, and at lengtu as it majestically rose the full moon glowed through the troops of gray- bearded cypresses clustered in the sballow margin of the silent water, The queen of the night never looked down upon a more romantic scene of wild loveliness, On the narrow bayou, among the great lily-bonnets, as it was scattered through the hoary limbs, the efful- gence slept in checkerea glory; while through the arched reach of “ater it shone back {rom the erystal- like surtaco of the river with an exquisite splendor, as if Diana herself were there reclined on the glittering floor. The indescribable charm of the scene tempted me to make the virgin trial of The Cacique under ber intluence, and so L called to my dusky crew and goon she was unladen and lying lightly at the beach as it expectant of bor triumph. Tehose an inky “gondolier” to pole ner along, und just as I was seated | was joined by a triend who had somee’ to witness the depariure of the ex- pedition, fe readily boarded The Cacique and we were off. From out the overhanging veraure she shot like an arrow, as the boatman feuned hf whole weight upon the pole, making the lilies rustle and the moon- light to break aud shiver like platos of ginss uuder ner prow. The head of the river 1 rently a vast lake-like spring in which boil up a hundred different columns of Water which a passage througls lime has rendered in- eflably pure, As we emerged upon this expanse we felt almost giddy with a sudden and unexpected sensation, We seemed suspended on xn airy noting. Down, deop down, we saw a miniaturo tropical world o1 fantastic verdure, amid which were gladex paved with glisien- ing she and where went sailing along, with eyes turned upward in tranquil wonder, hosts of fish On the bottoin were snails, terrapins and clams, und oc- casioually, in some dark, forbidding chasm, the black and louthsome corrugations of the alligator’s biue could be discerned as he sulienly glided away from ihe shadow of our boat. Notso obliging, however, is bo always. The negro who wielded the pole stimulated our imaginations uncomtortably and quickened our pulse beat by describing how a mogger, eighteen feet long, not long ago attacked a skifPover the deepest spring in the river, to which no bottom has ever been found, and nearly succeeded in shattering it into pea betore he coula be harpooned und despatched, Ve watched approtensively fo some relative of tho Audacious saurian to rise up and ask vengeance, and I grasped my rifle firmly. The soatman, alter he fin- ished bis narrative bummed a song im the strange minor cadence peculiar to big race, NEGRO BOATING SONG. De ribber stile benvath de moon, De dont it glide awa, Dis nixge let” his bed right soon, bd He could not longer stay. For Chloe she wait way down de ribb + Dat like de silver flow, wilderness, where it leaps in full majesty from the womb of the earth, noblo river. Minerva’s origin was not more glorious and wonderful, Riding through ; the shadows of the forest you come at Jength to « { noble belt of hickory trees, clad in their newly donavd babiliments of brillant green and cheery with tue chat and warbling of innumerable but invisibie birds, Suddevly a turn in the path, winch bas erstwhie wandered among dense copses, and you enter a small glade, beyond which, through a low arch of semi. tropic foliage, 18 the sheen of Elysian waters, A i narrow beach, on which no ripples lap, descends to } what seems a road of glass, 9 sylvan bayou, crowded at the margin with the gigantic bonnets of water lilies, but midway transparent as the air we breathe, where an unfathomable fountain bolls up tn its midst Beyond is a great concourse of the bonnets, richly green, but they encircle a broad, still, crystalline ex- panse, in which the suriace loses itsell in profundity, Qnd an island seems to hang midway between two empty spaces, THE WACISSA VISHERMEY, The scenory reminds you of the ureams which you formed when you read the Odyssey and Téiémaque, and you bailf expect to view an unconscious Undine Jolling on the leaf of a lily and a satyr peeping through the tang!od copse by the shore to feast his eyes on her modest exposure. But alas! the Wacissa knows few Dalads and mapy beings more resembling the bench- men of Pan, They impose a tribute on her lovely river of her fish, alligators and terrapins, and their s0u!8 are too gross ever toleel an appreciation of her Poetic motherhood or her chaste beauty. 11 1s strange to think that they would never visit ber but to tear her sealy children from her bosom for the provincial mar- | ketday. Butsuch are the Wacissa fishermen. They ‘ngpire im the soul of the lover of the beautiful a su- preme and nauseous disgust, and, reader, if ever you make a pilgrimage to the baunt of Unis fair Arethusa of America’s Calabria, shun them 8s you would the brigand guides of Italy, They belong to the poor white class, and their characters are utterly negative of virtue. To show them kind. ness is like petting a serpent or casting youn pearls before swine, They wili only wait opportunity to “turn again and rond you,” TAR-NERL GOSHOOTS, The Wacissa fishermon employ flat-bottomed skif'e to traverse the river, They are lightly built of piteh | pine or cypress, and are propelled with poles. So mean are their aspirations and necessities, that what they earn in a week is scarcely more than the diurnal wages of a mechanic in the North, Yet, when I ap. plied to them to charter ono of their craft for the Heratp expedition, they recognized me imme- diately as o meet victin “for ways that are dark and tricks that are vain.” The typical ‘‘cracker’’ wears a countenance marked with the Mepbistopbelean depravity and the Ananiasan meanne: His smile js always sour and sardonic, and seems to indicate anticipatory triumph fn an evil deed, Mark Twain bas described the Goshoots, and mado them out to be the worst phaso ol savagery. The ‘cracker’? is the Goshoot of civiliza- tion, The last fisher to whom I offered remuncra- tion for the uso of his boat acted precisely as all the others whom 1 had approached had dono before him, | | Front stroet, and An” Chloe she dune decla she nebber Vill trow dis igen go! See, down among de tibber grass, Beneath dis lubly eral; Do vartish 'st Vafow dis durkey’s arm! done hide de sinking’ moor, tor night or day? nke de 'gater an’ de ‘coon A-polin’ to de Way. T rucder trast de darkened ribber Dan white mn's tongue or heart Dey done tro’ Cliloe dix poor ehil Me* now we'll nebber part. Hole hich de toreh, you nigga dere! Ye'll burn de lowering nig Se let the Hightwood flame To gib the ribber jight. for Chloe she watch way down de ribber To catch the red, red glow: + An’ she will shat her bright TH! Tdoue to her go! De stars dono drop into de tide, De moon am done put out; But nobber tear, we iighily «lide, Seare danger wid a shou?! Along de bosom ob de risber Ne red toreb blaxes hich ; Its light upon de ripples sniver, Ar’ burn into de sky! But when de day creep thro’ de dark “fwill kindle from dis tight, An’ den dis darkey's cypress bark Will cleave no more de night. But Chloe she kiss me down de cibber, Vien all de work deneh iof ebber, Ole tassn’s stint Is won! The pathos of the words harmonized with the beav- enly charm of our surroundings, the placid water imir- roring slike ghostly shapes o! dead cypress shrouded in gray moss and fantastic mazes of riotous verdure. From a remote grove of buirushes arose the shrick of the galinule or the wild ery of the coot or ‘Biue Peter” (#ulica Americana), and from the deep recesses of the hickory hammock echoed the strange articula- tion of the Antrostomus Carolinensis, widow! chuck-Wiils-widow!” Wghided back through the ily pads (@ the shaded beach where The Cacique was stranded, This morning Lawoke to tho first greeting of the sun, The cardinal grosbeak was warbling by turas in the shrabbery, tis blood-red coat glinting among the leaves, and Wroaklast was ready and hot awaiting me. The boat was soon after loaded, aud, with a gay command, the ‘poler” shoved off and we slipped from the shadows of the litte barbor upon the broad bo of the Wacissa, | am writing on board The Cacique, We are approaching the point where exploration will commence, but will first on- carup some miles below, Of tho turther progross of the voyage I will Inform you hereait MUST IT BE DONE? The thousands of admirers of that capital actor and glorious good feliow, the late James H. Hackett, wiil bo surprised and grieved to learn that the remains of his estate, and the principal support of bis young wife and infant son, is in danger of immediate sacri- fice, The property consists of the building No. 35 1s advertised tor sale, under fore- closure of a mortgage for $14,000, given In satistaction oO! one-half the purchase money. T mory of the merry nights spent in hearing and seeing the imimi- table old actor’s persunations of Falstaff and other humorous characters should prompt men of means, out of the merest gratitude, to devise some manner of rescuing ard preserving this property for the benefit of those for whem the old man, if living, would potap- peal in vain, The sale is advertised to ve made by auction at No. 111 Broadway, to-morrow, but any man of means could prevont it at trifling expense and arrange for 8 Dew mortgay ind fare, nebber '' NEW YORK HERALD, “ohnck- Wills- | whistiing and | AMUSEMENTS. “DARKNESS AND DISCORD” AT THE ACADEMY OF MUSIC. ‘This unpopular performance was given last night at the Academy, instead of the sacred concert for the benefit of Signori Albites and Palmieri which hod been announced. Those who ascended the stops of the Academy soon after eight o’clock were surprised to see the enormous crowd in the lobby and the long line of hundreds of persons leading to the box office under the careful marshalling of policemen. It looked’ at first sight as it the deserving and enterprising mana- gers of the Havana Itahan Opera were to be rewarded for their labors in the cause of musical art, But unfortunately this wis not the case, Tho people were not going in, but coming out; not paying their money, but waiting for it to be returned. There was no concert, because there was not enough of an audience to make the event profitable. ment would have been glad to have given the enter- tainment, even at « loss, but the orchestra objected. Drums, cymbals, fifes, horns, ciarionets, violins, trombones, utes and oboes all joined in a general discord, The orchestral motto appeared to be “No pay, no piay,”” and the inevitable result was that the audience was dismissed with an apology, and that which was intended to be a real beneilt was changed into an injury, ‘The sympathies of all who were present at the Academy were with thi ent An American audience 18 probably the most good natured in the world, and tolerates many things which it should cet sure; but in thi reason for being kind, Tho maui all in their power to satisfy the public, and had honestly sougat to give New York a good season of Malian opers. Hardly an e: Pression of discontent was heard from tho persons who waited tor the refunding of their admission teos, and tho general sentiment was one of regret lor the | unfortunate event, About nine o'clock the doors of the building were closed; the orchestra had departed, and ‘The appealing silence eloquently took ‘Phe throne wileh It forsuen. It Is elsewhere announced that in consequence of ¢ indisposition of two of the leading artists there will be no opera this evening, but that “Rigoletto” will bo positively sung on Wednesday evening. Wo trust that ‘on that occasion Signor! Aibites and Palmieri will re ceive the support of all\who love music and respect an earnest and intelligent effort in tts behalf, ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA—ITS FAILURE AT NIBLO'S GARDEN—THE PLAY CONSIDERED FROM A NATIONAL STANDPOINT—THE ONE TERM AMENDMENT. “Antony and Cleopatra” was withdrawn from Niblo’s Botlong since, Its failure to gain popular favor is to be regretted for many reasons, The causes of its non- euccese, however, are apparent, It was not adver- tised in accordance with the spirit of the times, and at the end of its first week the advertisements were tem- porarily taken from the newspapers, Although some ot the acting was aumurable, yet the cast, as a wholo, was Dotstrong onough to meet the requirements of what may be regarded as one of Shakespeare’s mastor pieces. Not any of the faults, however, should reflect upon the morits of the principal actors, for the réles which they assumed belong to a school of acting for- eign to their training, Notwithstanding these objec- tions, we believe the mngnificent scenery and, in truth, the energy of the actors woula have secured for the play a bappy succoss bad it been brought out at an earlier period in the dramatic sea- son, It was announced as early as lust autumn that the pieco was to be revived, and it was then hoped that the throngs of people who bad gathered at’ Booth’s Theatre Jor more than one hundrea nights to wit- ness ‘Julius Cesar’? would soon be afforded a fitting opportunity to see the continuation of that portion of Roman utstory which Shakespeare has clothed in such inimitable language. Indeed, as the curtuin fell on that anequalled production, a Ingoring desire re- mained with many peopie to hear more trom Mare Autony and his fellow triumvirs who pussed on to enter upon the Oriental scenes of ‘Antony and Cleopatra,” In recaling, also, the herculean periormance of Edwin Forrest a8 Corivlanus—whose counterfeit presentinent Ol that character has been chiselled from a block of marble into massive proportions—the desire to witness the coming tragedy was considerably increased, for the three plays ure indissolubly connected by’ the bonds of history and the genius of tho poet. Shake- Speare’s treatment of the important events which they illustrate 8 something unparalleled in dramatic art, ‘These historical plays are peculiarly adapted to the theatres of a republican government, Kome was a mighty Republic, aud in contempiaung ber rise and full the imagination must picture at once the most jotty and fierce ambitions of man. her luxuries, Joves, mtrigues, passions, conquests and glories, ab which tue world wondered, are now u pile of ruins ag magniticent in thoir tall as the Coliseum itseli. This ig the Rome of history, but in the Rome ot poetry, which we find on the pages of the great dramatist, we seem to see thé part re-created and its heroic figures move before us as vividly as it they lived, 1t is their intense vitality and truthfulness that make the moral intluence of these plays so valuable, Shakespearo, with absolute impartiality, has degeribed the Jumous mon aud women which they portray; has exhibited their virtues and vices alike, and shown bow their selfish ambiuons ard love of power brought the greatest Republic of ancient times to its Jal, Had shakespeare conceived that the Republic” of the United States was to oxist he could pot bave rendered her a greater ser- vice than he bus by means ot tho lessons which be bus thus drawn from Roman nistory. ‘They show us the | dangers tout beset liberty and point out the methods of avoidmy them, The word “Cwsarism’’ means, in fact, Roman ambitton and the extension of individual vilicial power in republican governments. “History repeats itsel!,”” and the United States may not prove an exception to the tate of previous republics. The results of our recent Presidential contest, however— it may be remarked here with singular significanco— lend assura: that dicsatorial power, alter the school of Cwsar, may yet be prevented by the enactment of ‘the one term amendment.” If the evils of one man’s ambition, as the leader of a republic, are pic- tured tu ‘Julius Cwsur,” the curse of the corruption and crime attendaot upon tt are revealed with equal force in ‘‘Antony and Cleopatra.” For this reason the play, whenever it 18 produced at our theutres, de- serves the support and eucouragement of ail American citizens, It teaches them a lesson which 11 1s at once their duty and their interest to heed. ‘The vest miods regard “Antony and Cleopatra” as one of the greatest of Shakespeare’s works, It was written ata time when his genius was ripened, He | brought to its composition not only extensive dramatic experience, but iso a remarkable knowledge of tno | and spirit of the Roman age, Howrites as it ho had talked and banquetted with hig heroes at the time flourished, This play is not as gloomy aa “Julius ar,” though itis equally as impressive. Tho tre- mendous struggles which shook the Roman nation when Antony quarrelied with Octavius Cwsar are dis- closed with astonishing Vigor; but they are combined with scenes of gayety aud splendor which brighten tho darker elements of the story, The magnilicent prof- ligacy of Antony, who gave away an empire tora Kiss; the voluptuous lifo of the Egyptian Queen, and the revelries and discipline of the Alexandrian armics, are blended in one picture of vast dramatic power, The poetic construction of the play is superb; the ess of action is continually changing from Rome to Eaypt, (rom see to land and from palace to camp. Tho elegance of its diction is not surpassed in any of tho author lays, With ail these attractive features, however, Shakespeare did not neglvet to ropresent | Cleopatra in ber proper ligat—as a woman more to bo pitied and denounced than respected. He did nut select the successtul periods of her career in which ho could only depict vice ss triumphant, but, excluding her from the play of ‘Julius Cwsar,” wrot “Antony. and Cleopatra’ almost exvressly to/point the moral of her life, which ended in suicide, This marvellous tragedy was probably written in 1610 and first printed in the folio collection of 123. lig plot was undoubtedly derived from ‘Piutarci’s Lives"? Much doubt exists as to the time of its orig: | ‘nal production on tho stage, Daniel's play of “Uleo- patra” appeared in 1604, and also in the same year “Antonie,’ from the French, by the Coantess of Pem- | broke, was puBlished. The subject seems to ha’ afforded matetial tor a number of dramatic works, ond tn 1633 Thomas May's ‘Cleopatra’? was given to the English public. Lu Sedley’s tragedy of and Cleopatra’ was playod at te Dake’s Th in the following year Dryden’s “Ail tor Love great hitat Drury Lane, Mr, Hart playing Stark ns | | tony and Mrs, Boutwell Cleopatra, In Prat the greatest work of all—Shakespeare’s—was put upon the Lon- don stage, when David Garrick and Mrs. Yates assumed | the title roles, in 1813 John Kemble brought out a | play arranged trom portyons of the combined texts of | Dryden and Shakespeare. In 1833 Macroady played | Shakespeare's Antony aud Miss Phillips his Cieo- | patra, Ln 1849 the great poct’s play was again pro- | duced at Sadter's Wolls, and in 1867 ht the Standard | Theatre, [t was pinced’ upon the Manchester stage in 1866, when Mr. and Mrs, Calvert, who have made themselves somewhat famons tn New York through their counections. with “Henry V." and “3ardana- palus,"? took the leading characters, [twas at (hat Ume (hat Calvert seems to have originaliy polluted the higvest order of the drama with the “Black Crook” element. ‘The tr ly was performed in Liverpool in 18 Stakesp: ‘splay is so much superior to all oth: that it 1s the only one that has held possession of the stage to the present day, It wns first played in the United States at the old Park Theatre in 1845, when Vandenboff played Marc Antony, In 1868 it was’ placed upon the boards of what may now be calied the ‘Uld” Broadway Theatre, with the late Edwin Kudy and Mme, Powis in the title roles, The date of the recent production at Niblo's Garden is April 2, 1877. MUSIO\L AND DRAMATIC NOTES. The Broadway Theatre has been leased tor the next season by Mr. James C. Dult. “Rose Michel’ will be performed this week at the Grand Opera House witha strong cast, Mr. George Fawcett Rowe sailed for England on Saturday in the Germanic, and will return in July. The jong and prosperous tour of Mr, MH, J. Sargent’s company with “Forbidden Fruit” will ead in St. Louis on the oth. J Mr. Dion Boucioault's engage: it Inst woek at the | ' Academy of Music, Brooklya, was one of the most successful known in that efty, Miss Bessie Darling, a young Indy of fine gifts, will appear this evening at the Eagle Theatre ag Julia, in “The Hunchback.”” She will also appear during the k for the first time as Lady Macbeth. ‘Chis is the last week of “Our Boarding House’? at the Park Theatre, Miss Maud Harrison has played the leading female character during the season with Brace and feeling, and has contributed much to the success of the play, Messrs, Stuart Robson, Crane E and W. E, Sheridan bave also won honors in their Fespective party, YACHTING IN NEW ENGLAND, PREPARATIONS FOR THE COMING SEASON ALONG THE EASTERN COABT—LARGE ACQUISITIONS TO THB NUMEROUS FLEETS—THE SUMMER REGATTAS—A GRAND OCEAN RACE PROBABLE OFF THE ISLE OF SHOALS. Bostox, Apri! 20, 1877. The mild spring weather of the past few days has stimulated the hardy yachtsmen all along the New Eng- land coast to preparing their cratt for the numerous sports of the wave which are to abound during the ensuing season. ‘The hard times seem to have had no visible eflect upon these summer followers of Uid Nep- tune, for it is a fact that at no time Since yachting became one of the recognized recreations of the sultry season have their prospects been wore brillant than they appear at present, There is scarcely a club but can boast of largo acquisitions of both yachts and members, and a combination of their programmes in- dicutes a round of regattas extending all the way from early spring to late iw autumn, THE BOSTON YACHTSMEN. Tho Eastern Yacht Club, as is well known, takes the load tn Boston waters, and it 18 now getting in trim for a June regatta, and it is not unlikely tt will indul in a second ove in September or October, With a tull muster of all its cratt would be some of the leading yachts of the country—such, for inatance, as Leswr Wallack’s Columbia, Mr. Bennett’s Dauntless, Com. modore Kingsiana’s Alarm and Mr. Loubat’s Enchant- rei Since the close of last season there have deen several changes of ownership, The schooners Ariel, Flirt, Julia and Juniata bavo beon withdrawn; the Lydia bas been changed to the Syiph; George Peabody Russell has bought the Ermengarda, which was built origivally as steamer by Poulton, of New York; C. B, Whittier has bought the Magic and Charios H. Joy has come into possession of the schuoner Rebecca, The sloops Gauntlet, [ris and Princess have been with. drawn; W. C, Cavot, formerly owner of the Juniata, has bought the celebrated centreboard sloop Madcap of New York; David Sears bas entered the Siren ani D, Brooks the Narraga tt. The books of the club show the names of 333 mombers, 29 schooners, 12 sloops and 2 stonmers. The Boston Yacht Club, besides {ts annual cruise, will bave a regatta in July or August, Of tho old boats in the organization the schooners Elsie, Juniata and Enigwna and the sloops Gracie, Clitheroe, Leda, Pert aod Ruby have been witharawn, The Shavow has been sold by Tucker Deland to John Bryant, but will remuio in the club, Besides the regular regatta there will be several races among the individual members, THE SUBURDAN CLUBS. The Dorchester 18 probably the largest and most flourishing club in this vicimity next to the two already montioned, Thomas Menuing, an honorary member, is the New York agent of the organization, ‘The tol: lowing members and yacts have recently beon admit- ted:—General B. F, Butler, schooner Ainerica; Ebon B, Phillips, schooner Feagless; George H. ‘Tripp, schooner Betty; John M. Winslow, schooner Hernes; John Bryant, sloop Shadow; H. Hibbard, stoop Effie Mary, aud George Lee, sloop Pert, The club now butmbers ninety-four members, During the summer there will be a jong race to Long Island Sound. ‘The Beverly Club, with ninety-six members and fifty. four boats, against two-thirds ax many a year ago, will have two regattas in July and two in August, The South Boston Club bas incroased to torty boats and nearly 200 members. Tbe only withdrawal during the your bas beon the yacht Journal, owned joitly by Amos Clapp and Robert Cunningham, who are shortly to establish a daily newspaper in San Antonio, Toxus, The Journal will probably be purchased by Mr. Justin L, Androws and added to the astern Yacnt Club fleet, The Quincy Club, now only tour years old, hus sixty members and forty yachts. The Kast Boston Ciub bas largely increased in inem- bers and yachts during the year, and will make its first display 1a the way ot a review on Decoration Day, an occasion which will be repeated on the 17th of June, Bunker Hill Day, and on the glorious Fourth of July will come the annual regatta, New Bedtord, singulir as it may seem, has only just turned its attention to yachting. Perhups the expia- nation Is that the people down that way get enough of Old Neptune in the siorn reulities of life without re. sorting to the ovean lor sport or recreation, fhe club Just organizod embraces somo of the wealthiest and most prominent men in the city, A new boathouse will be built immediately, and there will be regattas in uly and August. yacht owners down in Nahunt and Cohasset have organized a8 the Nahausett Club, and aro getting ready for @ lively season, a8 aro alsothe members of the Lynn Yacht Ciub. Down in Duxbury, the town noted chiefly for clams and tue American terminus of the Freuch Atlantic cable, there is a lively yacht cluv of only a year's growth, It bas sixty-five members ulready and twonty- four yachts, aud several new cratt will be inished aud launched before the season 13 over. YACHTING IN MAINE, New Yorkers who have cruised ulong the const of Maine will remomober the Portland Club, Lt was never more flourishing than now, having incrcased its mem- Dership since last seugon trom geventy-live to 140, and the number of yachts (which includes two steamers) from fourteen to twenty-live. The anoual regatta will como off in Casco Bay on the 4th of July. A GRAND OCKAN RACK PROBABLE, It ts quite likely that some time during the soason there will be a grand ocean race at the Isle of Shoals (olf Portsmouth, N. LL), open to yachts trom all quar- ters. These occasions in the past havo been among the pleasantest in the annaia of American yachting, HEBREW ORPHAN ASYLUM. ‘The annual meoting of the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society was held yesterday, at their building, corner of Soventy-seventh street and Third avenue, Mr, Jesse Seligman in the chair. Mr.’Myer Stern read the filty-fourth annual report ot tho society, of which the following is an abstract:—fhe present number of inmates of the asylum is 287—uamely, 193 boys and 89 girls—with 14 others who board outside tho butiding, making the total number maintaiued by tuo society B01, an imcrease of 4 over Inst year, Dure ing the year (he asyluin in all its departinents has been free froin epidemic and other diseases, aud the cil- dren, genorally speaking, have been’ in excellent health, Not a single death has occurred, In the In- dustrial School the numoer of uppreatices i633, Dur- ing the year the Committee ou Charity and Kelict, as delegates to the Board of tteliet of the united Hebrew charities of the city, bave disbursed the sum of $16,000, ‘The report was adopted. The roport of the Finance Commitiee shows the total receipts of the r to have been $04,181 and the disbursements nee in the treasury of $20, were elected for the ensuing Jesse Seligman; Vice President, Treasurer, Morris Kindskopf; Trustees, Henry Newman, Nathan Strauss and Henry Nowstadter. yoar:—President, ALMOST BURIED ALIVE. ¢ [From the London Daily Telegraph, April 12] From Cambridge an extraordinary story is sent, It ig stated that @ railway porter, about thirty years of age, was recently seized with acute bronchitis, and was supposed to have expired in the throcs of that dreadiul ailment, which slays every year its thousands of little children and ot aged people, simply because extreme youth is equally with extreme ago too feeble to clear the bronchial tubes by a Vigorous and sustained effort of. coughing. The railway porter supposed to have departed this life was duly laid out and placed in acoflin, Ag his assumed dissolution had been sudden the Coroner was consulted on tho propriety of holding an inquest. Some uncertainty in this regard apy pours to have reigned in the tind of the medical man who had been called in; but at any rate, the rasl- way porter lay 1 his coflin two days, at the expiration of which he quietly got out of it, aud to the inexpresst- ble amazement and alarm of those preseut in the cham- ber of death sat himself down in achair, It ty stated that in order to alleviate the severity of the spasins of brocebitis the pationt’s mother bad administered to hima sleeping draught which bad produced a deep and longthy stupor, but the effects of which had stopped short just on this side the grave. Wo sincerely hope that the poor fellow has by this recovered, | and that he will not again harrow the teclings of his relatives and friends by getting worse and dying in earnest, From this curious case may perapa be deduced the moral ibat th fier ali some advan- tages connected with our system of keeping x corpse above ground for four or tive days, of even for awholo week, after death, Among ail tho Latin races inter. ment within four-and-twenty hours is the invaria. bie and rigorouslygenforced rule of police, and bad this poor rallway pori@r been a Frenchman, an Ltalian or a Spaniard, he would have been duly scrowed down and carried away, insensible, but still alive, to the ceme- tery. THE LOST LEO, New York, April 21, 1877, To tHe Evitor oF tie HeeaLp;— L arrived on the Gulf Stream Thursday, from Charles. | ton, and I saw in yesterday's Hexann in “An Old Sen- man’s” views on the burning of the Leo, that the Captain and offices “provided only for theirown safety and left the two lelpivss ladies to perish,” Now, as I am a survivor of the Hl-fated Leo, I know, and to do the CaptaM® justice | cannot refrain trom informing the “Old Seaman’? that Captain Dariels and officers made the greatest efforts to get in the cabin, Dut it was impossible without losing theit own lives, | was messinan and lott the pilot boat on the Charleston steamer for Charleston, WILLIAM WALLIN, | Health the necessary MONDAY, APRIL 23, 1877.-TRIPLE SHEET. SANITARY SCIENCE Aymotic and Pulmonsry Diseases Sue to Dit, Bad Drainage and Foul Air. POWERS OF THE BOARD OF HEALIH. ee ee How Expenditures May Be Economized With Advantage, ANITARY ORGANIZATION NECESSARY, ve. NEW The Henan has recontly drawn the attention of its readers to the defective and dungorous condition of this city in a sanitary point of view, and the principal Sources of epidemic and contagious diseaso we proved to be dependent on conditions within the power Of the bealth officials to remove, It was algo cieariy printed for health purposes, amounting to between age was actually spent tor practical sanitary purpose: the groater part going to pay a large and expensive Stal of oilice-holders, one-halt of whom could be roadily dispensed with as far as providing tor the pub- lic health ts concerned, The causes that tend to pro- duce the excessive mortality in this city seem well enough understood. They are montioned i detail in nearly every health report that has been publisted for the past ton or fifteen yoars, but us yot there hay never been any practical attempt made for their removal, ‘The diseases that swell the aunual death rate in New York are the direct result of th: CONSUMPTION AND MALAILA. This disease yearly carries off a large number, the mortality being due to avery considvrable extent to the conditions under which the people hive im the Poorer quarters of New York, Tho investigations of Dr. Bowditch, of Boston, now President of the Mass: chusetts State Board of Health, nave clearly proved that this affection was to a very great extent due to living on danrp ground, This theory bas been tuily established by the experiments undertaken by the English Privy Council uuder the, direction of Dr, Simon, one of the ablost sanitariaus now living, {f such Be the case there, what effect have the low, badly drained and soil saturated districts in this city, particularly in the lower part, on the health and lives of the inhabit ants? From the same source—namely, delective sew- @rago and soil saturation is produced all the forms of malarial disease that affect the Lealth of so largo a number of the community. ‘The oxcessive amount of malarial disease in this city 18 also due to the made lands—old swamps that have been filed, and owing to their dying at a low level and their retention of the surface drainage, a constant de- composition of the filied in material is going on, wud the production of malaria 1s @ consequence. Dr, Bowditch = says:—“Houses cannot be built on them in their undrained condition without wet collars, a well recognized source of disease; tho air over them and for a considerable distance around is damp trom excessive evaporation; a further cause of disouso such a8 cousumpuion, rheumatism, neuraigia,’? | &e, Now itis a well known Jact (hat the drainage in the lower purts of this city is entirely detective and Worse than useless, as it does not carry off the sowago, but permits Its escape into the surrounding ground, In muny places the sewers are iaid at a much lower Jevel thaa the tide; this permits the backing up of the contents of sewers during bigh water, torcmg the sewage und sewer gas in many places into the dwell- ings, the cellars of which are not unfrequently flooded by the tide, particularly during periods of noavy rain and northeasterly winds. ZYMOTIC DISEASES, Of the yearly deaths in this city nearly thirty-three por cent are due to zymotic diseases, or, in other words, ove-third of the dewths are ihe result of fith, uncleantiness and Kindred sources of tlt health, La articies published trom time to time by the HxKaLD tue various sources of the production of this class of diseases were pointed out and were proved to be impure air, owing to the delective construction and ercrowaing of the poorer class of Lonement houses, in the constraction of which listie or no regard is paid to the wants of the Inhabitants or care jor the safety of life und health, Ihe stench ju a large number of the cheaper dwelling houses in this city is beyond description, caused in the lirst place vy detective and insullicient house drainage, Which permits the escape oi sewer gas, one of t most dangerous polsons in exisience. The poisonous gases (rom this source not alone iniect the air of the hails and passages m these houses, but also penetrate into the living apartments and sleeping rooms of the uniortunate occupants, In addition to this terrivie source of epidemic and contagious disease the evil ellects ,of tne overcrowding of occupa @ vorue in mind, where the air is rebreathed until it loses all trace of oxygen, which is an absolute uvees- sity to buman life, The ordinary mau breatnes avout must eigutecn umes per minuie, and at each in- spiration consumes about twenty cubic inches of air As every fifth inspiration is more vigorous, im round numbers each man breathos about 400 cuble inches por minute, equal to 24,000 cuvic luches per hour, Freah air contains (4 per 1,000 not of carbonic acid gas, u most deadly poison wi largely diluted with air, Air that bas been bi contains forty volumes per 1,000 of carbonic acid gas, or 1U0 times as tnuch 4s pure air, besides many other noxious ingredients, Now, to dilute the air expired by ove man in un hour go that tt shall contain but its Just proportion of carbonic acid there inust be added 1,660 cuvic fect per hour of fresh air, From tue foro. going remarks will be soen the atmospheric condi- tions necessary (or the preservation of nealth and the Prevention of disease, and tt will be at once seon what a terrible influence the dirty, badly ventilat andevergrowded Lonements must exercise on the pub+ 1 al id Sanitary condition of th During the third quarter of We year the mortality from zymoule diseases averaged forty-eight per cent of the entire death rate, According to the Last ollicial report the death rate in the tenement houses averaged 64.86 per cent on the total mortality. POWERS OF THE HKALTH nOAKD, ‘The question at once arises trom a consideration of the foregoing stateinenis, 11 the sources of disease and ML beach are so weil understood, and their removal necessary for the welibeing of the community, w have they been uilowed to exist and grow to such lurge dimensions? and has the Bourd of wer and authority for their re. oval? ‘To answer the first question would be difficult and at the best unsatisfactory. To any one who has taken the trouble Lo examine the official reports of the Department of Health the evidence ts cloar that the dangerous and desiructive intlueuce of overcrowdiny, | delecuive sewerage, badly coustructed tenements aud | insuflicient house dramage was, from the organization | of our sanitary system, been fully recognized, but bee yond the pabiicalion of costly reports aud “scientitic Views!’ of the subject nothing has been done of any practical value 10 remedy and remove these grave wise and @xcessive mortality, The sec ond question as to the power and authority of the De- | partment of Heaith over anything tuat can prove det- Timental or dangerous to the public health is best answered Uy @ review Of the laws bearing on the sub- | ject. THE LAW'S PROVISIONS, Chapter 549 of (be Laws of 1876 provides for the romedying of detective seworage anu drainago as tol- lows -— Whenever it shull appear to be necessary for the protec: tion of (he public health that any part oF parcel of land a itn of the ey nty of N rained * # * the Bywrd stall ne under the direction of the Departn In relation to the erection and management of ton- | erent houses the laws are positive aud ample under Ich the Board of Health acts, apter WS of two 8 of 1867 provides for a ventilaviug or transom | window in every apartment that does not commun cato With the open air, in order to have [ree uceuss of aur from the halls and adjoiminug i every house sball be provided with an and’ proper veou Intor in the root at the t hali; the roof of every such house shall be Liu good ‘repair ny not to leak, and wll rain water shall be so drained or conveyed therefrom as to provent its dripping on to the ground or causing dampness in tue walls, yard or aroa. Every bail Water closets, sewers, drain pipes, HO eeFspouls to be permitted in or under or’ connected with any house, Section 9 of tue same law provides that every tenement house shull be kept clean and free from flith, and that the owner shall cleanse all the rooms, puséages, floors, Ac,, to the satistaction and ns often as required by the Board of Health, and shall whitewash the ssid premises at least twice a year, Section 20 of the “sanitary code,” sanitary ordinances adopted for the government and guidance of the Board follows — ‘Vhat no owner, lessee or keeper of a lodging house, voarding hou or allow the be overs Font w number of persoon to enemont h ry shall x0 of Allow so in any saeh any danger Ibis clear, then, from a review of the laws relating to this subject, that ample power and authority have been given to the sanitary officials to remove any and nil dangers that may threaten the public health, It seems Cloar that the Legisiature had the intention of preventing the overcrowding of tenements and the faulty construction of the anme, the remedy of detect- ive sewerage and the prevention of soil saturation when such ample and special wuthority was conferred upon th alth officials of this city, EXPENDITURES, The amount annually appropriated tor sanitary pur- 4 Doves oxcocds $250,000 each year; but little of this is — 868 en ae shown that of the large sums of money yearly appro- | $200,000 and $300,000 each year, bat a small percent | gj shail be provided with proper | of Health aud the preveation of disease, provides as | ABI! ae She work forswateh 8 wap to jarge AMOUAL appropriated for en vi the department could be as well, if not better, con. aueted by o large reduction m the acll ag medical force of tne Hoard. * Over svat : for $10,000 a year ts spent in mamtaining au department,” when in reality there need ap expenditure, the Corporation Counsel being, the proper party to conduct the legal work of the ment of Hei Over $115,000 ts y io roviding for the gularies of two tommishoneee of Health and the officers of the Sanitary Bureau, Bi of Vital statistics and secretary's d epee 2 work of these departments could be fully as well age complished at 4 saving Of over $40,000 per yeur; this, added to the saving made by obliging the Corporation Counsei to do the iegal work of the department, would reduce the expenditures in salaries alone over $50,000 ° a year {1s impossible to expect any large amount of sanitary work of a practical and useful kind to be d | When out of a yearly expenditure of $215,000 the sal | of $188,000 go to pay salaries, station expenses and tarstal’s fees, Until ton and change are tnade 1m the m: Depariment of Health but httle improve: expected tn the sanitery conuition of t Fas 4 under (he present system no attempt will ever be made to remove the great sources of danger to the public health whieh eMfst within the city. NECESSARY CHANGES, | The Heaith Department should bo entirely freed | from all political changes aud the imfuence of poli- | clans and run in the iwlerest of the people, and not | made a species of medico-political asylum, as it has | been sf the past. The department should be modelled on the plan of the present periment of Public Works, In so far that it should be piaced under one head, to be appomted by the Mayor, and who should hold ollice as jong a8 bis management and the tary | condition of the city justified, The city should be ded into sani or health districts, about fitteen iu number, each being placed under the care of a san- itary inspector, who should be appointed by avd be responsibie to the Health Oflcer for the condition of bis distriet, The Street Cicaning Department should divine the city into dis- tricts to correspond to the health divisions, and the work of street cleaning divided up in this way cou | be done much cheaper and it need bardly be said im | much better and more actory manner. The sani. lary inspector of each district should also be charged ith the work of supervising this work, and his weekly Tiileate that (he work had been properiy done should r the contractor (0 outain bis pi department could be materially re. also the “contingent”? and “stationery”? ag aunts might be made a tittte less in future, One of the greatest evils in the present system ts that there is tov much aivision of responsibility and the health affairs of the city are managed by the caiets of the different bureaus and not by the Commissioners of Health, One of the special benefits to be derived by chauge such as 18 suggested above would be a conee! tration of authority aud the direct responsibility of tli clnet officer of beaith, who should be obliged to devote his entire ime and energies to the protection of the public health, and not, us 18 now the case, ber and attaché of the Board bi vate affairs to look after. By & system as thr economy and efliciency will be secured, the city wilt be rendored clean and bealthy ana over $1£0.000 will be saved in ove department, and can be devoted, if necessary, to the abatement of public nuisances, Tha badly constructed tenements can be improved with this fund, and the expense, as tho law directs, made a en ‘on the property itself, thus securing | the city from any loss and insuriag a positive safeguard to public health, THE REASON OF THE ADVANCE—NUMBEB OF LOAVES IN A BARREL OF FLOUR—OFFICIAL EXPERIMENTS, , (Washington correspondence of the Baltimore Sun.] ‘The recent rise in the price of bread has drawn public attention again to @ subject which has {rem time te time engaged the attention of municipal authoritios in this country for a century past An experimental © vaking, Conducted many years since by the corporate authorities of one of tho district towns, gave 275 pounds of broad as the product of one barrel of flour, ‘This was only the succinct stavoment of a fnet whioh may bo stated more at large in a condensed extragt from the minutes of the Common Council of Alexandria (at that time in the Distriq), to the effect that the Common Council appointed a committee on the suvjest of the proper assizes of bread, and that committee reported ‘that tho clerk of the market utteaaea Andrew Estave in baking one barrel of flour into bread, and that it produces ‘5 loaves of sixteen ounces each."”” Other bakers of the town also made ex- perimental bakings from onc barrel ot flour, witn the following results:—David Henderson, Duncan Charles, pounds; Thomas Simms, 202 pounds; Lawrence Swan, 258 pounds, and Samuol Couper, 246 pounds, On’ this subject a leading balge addressed yesterday a decorous note to the Washingtoa bureau of the Sun, He communicates a most interest ing report of Major George Beli, United States Com. missary of Subsistence, lately in charge of tuo depet dn (his city, from which it apoears that on the 19ch of May, 1871, the Bukers' Association of this city deliv. ered to Major Kell three barrels of flour; one, Balti. more exira brand, 193 pounds; one, Washington extra brand, 195 pounds, and the third. Washingto tra brand, 1f43_ pounds. He produced trom this four (avoraging 192.04 pounds to the barre!) weight of bread for each barrel of 256.63 pou Major Beil says:—“Had all the barreis contained 196 pounds each, and ail the flour worked up in the same manner, the yield of bread weuld have been 261,80 pounas.”? Major Bell, while stating that the average yield of flour used at the government bakeries tn Washing- von, Alexandria and the neighvorhood during the late war was 31.1 per cent inoreuse, gives also the mean average monthly yieid of the bakery of the Subsist- oues Department in this city as varying trom 31,7 cent, or 258 pounds, to 40 per cent, or 1747 p of bread in a barrel of 196 pounds, The increase “de- endi 1 course on the quality of flour used, it being in these casos (of larger production) the best Southern red wheat, ground at a mill in Georgetown." it thas seems evident that the quantity of broad yielded by a barrel of flour depends muiniy on the quality of the flour, somewhat on the skill of the vaker, and, pertiaps, a little on atmospheric influ. Uences. Al the government bakeries here the yield was, according to Mujor Bell's statement, from 256.7 Pounds to 274.4 pounds of brea Ing vo the Alexandria statement th was from 246 to 280 pounds; while the three barrels of extra flour turmished Mayor Bell by the Washington Bakers’ Association yielded at the rate of 261.81 po@nds per barrel, All these calculations are based ou the as sumpuion tl 4 barrel of flour contains 196 pounds, The bakers’ view of the matter ts well set forto iu the following statement by Mr. John F. Havennor, one of the lewaing men ia the bread trade in the Distric. Ho suys:—"The bakers have to purchase tho flour alter iti 196 pounds, inspected and never get the full quantity, Major Beil’s experiment sbould satis minded person that even when tl tuken the baker can only calculate on a! 266 loaves from each barrel, and in (act taking the gea- eral run of flour the experience of most men ii trade is that it ig unsafe to expect more th loaves, Secondly, of the bread made in the trict cities about two-thirds Is sold by the bakers to the grocers and through them reaches the cousumer, Now take 260 lonves ut the present advanced prices, Which are live cents (o stores and 81x cents to fatniiies, delivered as abovo stated, and ghe product of one barrel of flour will give tue baker $13 33; deduct prt O1 baker's mixtare per barrel, $0 50, und yor gross profit of $3 84, Irom which is to be ag ducted the expenses of the business, house and wagons, wages of jour: least, bad depts, for the old bread is soon forgotten,” is every dal you will Und that it 19 necessity and not avarice which has compelled the bakers to increase tne price of bread.” RAPID iT IN BROOKLYN. A TEMPORARY INJUNCTION AGAINST THE AT: LANTIC AVENUE STEAM CAR LINE. The retusa! of the Kings county Judges, Pratt and Gilbert, of the Supreme Court, to grant a temporary injunction against the introduction of the railroad along Atlantic avenue, Brooklyn, sont the owners of land near the much-wanted steam road scurrying all over the State to seek tho intervention of the courts in parts remote, Judge Van Alstyne, of Albany, wae at last found willing to throw tho desired stumbling block before the locomotive. The injunction, whicb will bo argued in Albany this week, was served upon the ratlrod company on Saturday evening, nd it hes een obeyed, The tn has been laid trom the inter. section of Fiatbush avenue to Brooklyy avenue, a dis- tance of abont one inile and hall, and work would bave been continued rday, as it was upon precoding Sunday, but for the injunction, THE OBIRCTIONS RAISED, One of the wealthiest property owners on the hae of Ativatic avenue, 10 Conversation yosorday afternoon, sad that when steam was taken off that route, in 18.9, at the solicitation of the residents of that wietn- ity, he proceeded to build upon property which ho had bonght in 18 154. Ho built sevoral dwoiling houses on Clinton avenue, near Atianti where oo that jing The inducement | the fact that the steam cars had been city entered into a contract with the Long Island Railroad Company, by whieh the latter romoved steam from the avenue, the assessment for this im- provement being paid by the residents along the ave- nue, Mr. Barnes did not believe that such an act as that Imposed upon them by recent act of the Legis lature aud by the Common Council of Brooklyn would have the sanction and approval of the courts, The contract made by the city for the remo" of stear should be bind and the owners of land would con. test the question An the courts tothe end. A steam road, ho thought, would drive away all private resi- dences and warevouses would take their place, Be- sides, people coming from the north side of the gity te Prospect Park must cross Atlantic avenue, where the steain engines will be dashing along ata speed of Af | teon or twonty miles an hour, day and night. They de | notobject to @ suuken road, or even an ted road NOT CONTRACTED FOR, John Nelson, a contractor, residing at the corner of Flatbush avenue and Montgomery street, Brooklyn, was arrested on Saturday evenipg iast On & Warrant issued by Justice Semler, in which ho i# charged by Raward Mallon, of No. 1,750 Fulton street, with age sulting bim with apitobiork,