The New York Herald Newspaper, April 23, 1877, Page 3

\- MOSCOVIME AND TORK. The Wars Waged Between Russia and the Ottoman Empire. EARLY DISASTROUS CAMPAIGNS. The Empress Catharine's Scheme to Drive | the Mohammedans from Europe. i TURKEY ON THE VERGE OF RUIN IN 1774. Continued Territorial Acquisitions by the Czar: From the fret moment that the idea of establishing @ marine for the Russian Empire occurred to Peter the Great his attention was directed to the Fuxine, or Black Sea, and it was then that the magnificent scheme of strevching the Muscovite dominions to an extent unparalleled in the bistory of vations became a fixed policy to be unfalteringly pursued. Toward the close @f the sevenicenth century Turkey waa a Power of great strength and inspired fear all over Europe. Peter, taking advantage of the moment when the Venetians and the Emperor appeared to be making @ strong impression on the Sultan’s territories, de- clared waron the Ottoman Porte. His real motive | ‘was to secure an extension of bis frontier toward the, @euth, Azof, then belonging to the Turks, was an im- Portant fortress standing on the point of land where the waters of the Don fail into the Black Sea, Peter, im @ subordinate station, joined the army that laid siege to Azof, Twelve armed vessels that he caused to be built on the river Voroneja w brought down to the seu, The Turkish fleet was beaten in their own harbor and Azof capitulated in July, 1696. The firat use the Czar made of this valuable acquisition was to establish dockyards under the shelter of the fortress and to commence the augmentation of his fest with a View to banish the Turks from their coasts, This was the foundation of Rusvian power in that quarter, and which nearly every good Russian dreams will finally end in planting tne flag of the Empire over St. Sophia, ip Constantinople, APTER FUCLTOWA, Alter the memorable buttle of Pultowa the Swedish monarch was @ fugitive in Turkey, Charles XI!. em- ployed all bis interest in Constantinople to prevail upon the Sultan to undertake a war against Russia, which the Sultan was easily induced to embrace io cousequence of th ges committed by the Musco- vite troops on the trontiers of Turkey ang the rapidly extending power of the Czar on the shorea of the Black Sea, The Knan of the Crimean Tartars naturally re- gurded with apprehension the Rosaian establishment at Azof, which the Turks bad been forced to surrender a few years before; aud he theretore readily sup- ported the arguments urged by Charles XII. to the Divan to persuade them into a declaration of hos- Utilities against the common enemy. Pontatowski, a {riend of the Swedish King, joined his voice for war against Peter. The Turks dotermined upon hostilitics, In order to render the feelings of the Sultan more de- Cided the Czar’s Ambassador at Constantinople was arrceted in the streets and committed to the Castle of the Seven Towers. This a.most unheard of indignity filled Peter's cup of anger to overflowing, though within a sbort space of time his Plonipotentiury in Saxony was broken on the wheel, and his Ambassador in London, contrary to all international usages, was imprieonea for debt, and for which outrage ampio apologies were subsequently gives. War being determined upon aguinst Turkey Veter made the necessary arrangements, A division of troops was sent into Moldavia, another tw Livonia, and flcets to the Azof, the Baltic and the Black Sea, The Czar, for active operations, bad at his disposal 130,000 men; but, being disiributed in different quar- tersand failing to join bim on the Pruthb, as he ex- pected, he was obliged to proceed with an army that fell abort of forty tuonsand men, THE BATTLE OP THE PRUTH. Catharine, who had been espoused by the Czar, in- Sisted apon rematoing with him, which circumstance eventually proved to be the salvation of the Empire. Arriving at Jassy Peter was disappointed in not veing joined with acontingent promised by the Prince of Wallachia, who had been deposed by the Sultan. In this extremity the Russian ruler found himeelf at the head of an inadequate force in the heart ot a wild and rugged country. Intelligence was now received that the Turkish army had crossed the Danube and was marching along the Pruth. Peter determined to advance und meet the enemy, notwith- standing objections made by some of his ablest offl- vers, On tho 18th of June the troops arrived at the Pruth, Here they were joined by a few Wallachians, and they continued their march until the 27th, when they discovered the enemy, tothe number of 200,000 mon, already crossing the river. There was no alter- native left but to fori the lines of battle, and Peter, perceiving that the Turks were endeavoring to sur- round nim with cavalry, extended his lines a consid- erable way along the right bank. The hos tle =Tartars of tne Crimea confronted tne Russiaus on’ one side and the great body ot the Turks on the othe: Escape seemed impossible, bat the Czar’s presence of mind and indomitable Courage nover deserted nim. He formed his ermy, which consisted of 38,000 men, into a hollow square, placing the women in the centre, and prepared to re- cetve the disorderly but furious onsiaught of the Turks, The superior discipline of the Russians was sbown in the steadiness with which they met the charge. The fight continued tor threo days, and there remained nothing for the Russians but to surrender, or, making @ desperate attempt, to cut their way through the enemy, Through the persoval mediation of the Empress Catharine a suspension of arms was agreed upon, It would appear strange that the Vizier shoutd have agreed to an armistice under such circum- 4 stances, when tho Russians were completely at his | mercy. But be was awure that Russian troops in Moldavia bad advanced to the Danube and that an- other division of the army Was on its march irom the frontiers of roland. He therefore considered it advis- able to avail himseif of that opportunity to dietate to Poter the terms upon which he wished to terminate the campaign, knowing that if he postponed the treaty he would be compelicd to renew the war agaist the | whole force of tho Empire. HEAVY LOSSRY BY BOTH ARMIES, The conditions the Czar was forced to accept were Sufficiently humiliating. The Turks demanded the reatitution of Azof, the aemolition of the bar. bor of Taganrog, the renouncement of all further Interferenee in the aflairs of Polund and the Cossacks, @ tree passuge for the Swedish Kiug back to his own country, and withdrawal trom the Black Sea, The battiqol the Pruth, sv fatal in its results wo the Czar, was oue of the most destructive in the annals of his sory. If the statements o! Peter be correct lus army on the frst day uf the engagement consisted of 31,000 Infantry and 7,000 cavalry, and was reduced on the last y 80 22,000 nen, which would make his loss uinount over 16,000 men. The loss sustained by the Turks was still greater in consequence o! their irreguiar and Reattered method of attack. There cup be no doubt that the Czar fought ata great disadvantage, upd per- hups were it not for the timely assistance he obtained from the Empress Catharine the campaign wonld have promes wo almost fatal blow to Muscovite power in ‘arope, ANOTHER DISASTROUS CaMPaloy, Tho result of tho campaigu upon the bank of the Pruth, by which Peter surrendered muny important advantages which be bad previonsiy ubtained vy con- quest, the anvoyance caused by Ireduent incursions of (Crimean Tarturs aud che haughty reiusal of the Porte © recognize the Czar's imperial ute, led Peer to i | \weditate « new war aguinst the Turks, He made ample fepurations for the project. but bis death arrested 118 Bee which was eutirely laid a by Catharine |, au I, The Empress Anna determined to renew 1h design, and found Ho opposition in obtaining a pre- Wttfor a breach. The Russian army in 1756 severely puisned tho offouding Tartars, but tho latter on iby fitghs lata thelr country in ashes, and it wa impossible to tnd sxobsistence for the trdps, and they were consequently obliged to ‘ret Geoveral Lascy now tant siege to Azé wna reduced it, taking ite Turkish gurrison pris- one}. The Sultan way eveu now unwilling to commit Russia, conient with the ad- & that Russia bad gained one of the ceued forts and 4s prepared to follow up the victory he preterred medrator, but that Power was bound toturnish | to two great victories which renuered the name of | son Constantino tu tho turone of the Greek Ewpire, | and the difficulties of tbe attempt, notning of impor. | Principalities to the doiitous of the Czar. | sia warmiy | length the que | the holy places, that Minister was pressing upon the and privileges of all Kiuds accorded by the amicable reiations with Russia she cau a simple oilicial note, without compro the Sultan over hit own subjects." NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, APRIL 23, 1877.—TRIPLE SHEET.‘ Tue PowHATAN I 4 cretoxe. | page INSURANCE ‘ing for the campaign. Cairpee a fleet for the protection of the Euxiue, The Kussian army, strengibened by 40,000 recruits, was separated 1oto two divisions, one of ‘Which, ander the command ef Count Munich. proceeded in 1767 to Ovchaked, 00 the Enuxine, while General Luscy, with the other, entered the Crimea ‘The objects proposed to be attaimed by these expecitions were not adequate to the expenditure that attended them. Otcuakotl aub- mitted, and the Crimea was uguio desolaied. This was all Russe gaiped by the sucritice of 50,000 of her | veteran troops. The war continued three years, but thing of substantial advantage was gui Dissen- @ “prang up between the German and Russian commanders, aud Austria made a separate peace with the ‘turks This caused great dissatisiaction St. Peteraburg. where it was bot considered prudent to continue the war single Landed, A treaty was col sequently entered into betweou the beliigerenia It Was agreed that Azof sbould be evacuated und the surrounding country to remain unconcilmied as @ mutnal boundary between the two empires, und ov cupquests of the Russians Were surrendered. ussian fleets were not allowed to be kept in tue Palus Mwotis or the Euxipe, and in the latter sea the commerce of Rugsia was to be concucted only in Turkish bottoms, Such was the result of a war wuich bad cost the Czarina Aube upward of one bundred thousand men, and which Lad entaued upon the Empire an enormous ex- nditure of money. After some years of prouse out- jay aud lavish sucrifice of strength ali that Russia gained was the watisiaction of desolating the Crimea Without exterminating the Tartars, who still continued to infest the vorders, and some slight commercial ad- Htages hick Dever would repay tbe cost at which bad been procured. It wus true that if Russia failed to possess Ler dismuntiing it aod rendering tt us this was a joss to both parties, ‘The war, on the whole, therelore, must be considered to have been in the last douree disastrous to the Empire. TUE FORTUNE OF WAR CHANGES. During the remo of Catharine Il. thore were tre- quent wars between Russia avd Turkey, rosulsing in Many Wwpurtaut advaniagea to toe former, Urged by ibe Froneh Aubussudor, who sought to divert the at tention of Catharine trom the partition of Poland, the Porte decial ar iD 1769 agwiust the Empress, The Russians commenced hostilities by the imvasion of the Crimea, Azof and Taganrog were svon tuken, Mol- duvia wag entered, Servia Was cleared of the lartar allies, lo the-soowimg year, 1770, under Romanot!, the reduction of Ji and Bralof were preparatory i | i t | j 1 Romupott forever memorable in the unnuls of bis | country. The tre} Was op the Lacks of the Pruih The darks, ip number $0,000, under the Khan of Crimea, were entrenched on a biil in a position tou strong to be assailed; out alter three weeks they beca:ne wearied of their inactivity, and he beliey- ing frow a feiut of the Russian general that he was about to retire, 20,000 of them ruded down the bill. ‘They were repulsed with terrivic joss; the remainder carried dismay into the cawp, and the Russians, tak- ing advautuge of the CircunMtuuees, ascended, faced the trenones, killed many, compelled the rest to flee and seized considerable booty, with thirty-elgut pieces of cannon, Retreating toward the Danube the furks effected a junction With the Grand Vizier, whose army thereby was imcruuzed to 150,000, Unaware of its ex- teut Romanoff pursued with ardor and u desperate battlo ensued, ‘The Turks fled, the Vizier with them, leaving tmipense stores, among which were 143 pieces of cannon and nearly 50,000 dead ou the field, Cathus Tine LOW meditated DO ives a design than to drive the Mohammedans trom Europe, THR VORTS REVUCKD TO THK VERGE OF RUIN, A powertul tlees wag sent to the Mediterranvan and was disembarked ou the Turkish islauds aul iowoland, A terrivic War ooW Commenced, the Greeks every- where butchering the Mohammmodans, latter re- saluting. lo ap the Sultua’s fleet was utterly destroyed. This blow ven. eivly affected the Turks, especially us the appearans of the Russians encouraged Tripoli, Kgypt and Byria to revel against Porto, ‘Tbe war continued until 1774, when by the Treaty of Kainar)i Russi @taiued the free uavigation of the Biack Sea, the right o! passing through the Danube, @large tract of land between the | Bug uud the Duteper and the strong fortresses of Azof, | ‘Taganrog, Kerich aud Kiaburo, A sum of money suillcient to delray (he expenses of the war was uiso stipulated, bot it was never paid Tho advan. tages derived by Russi trom the other articles were ample cnough, Among them vot the least was commerce of the Levuntand of the Black Sea, This war demonstrated tho @nwré ivieriority of the Turks, both on sea and land, to the siuscovite power. The Porte durin, ugress Was reduced to the verge of rain, and for was ut the mercy of Catharine. | A peace of some years lotlowed tue Treaty of Kainar)i, if indeed that cap be called peace whore the most sul- em engagements were perpetually evaded. In short, there wus fo respite given to the Tartars, Moham- tiedap trives op the shores of the Eusine aud tho Christian principalities were wtertered with in the same manner. In 1787 hostilities ouce more broke ou, Ag the Turks had just crushed the Egyptian rebelion they looked forward to tho impending wartare with a hope tu which their former roverses vad ior some tume rendered them strangers, Ou tle other hand Potemkin, the communder-in-chief, baving under his orders some of the best generals im tho service, basteaed to the fropter, which was soon covered by Russian troops. At the same time the Emperor Joseph sent 80,000 Austrians into dioldavia, while o powerin! ect in the Euxime prepared to co-operate With the ailies and wpother in the Bultic was ready to sul for the Mediterrancan. It seemed, indeed, us if Catharine's lavorite dream, the elevation of her grand- Was ubout to be roulized. The Russians were every- where successful, Ismut! was taken by storm by Sawaroff, the most dreaded of uil the Russian generals, Hits logs was severo, aud m revenge the garrisou, with the greater purt of the population, was put to the sword, ‘ihe Grand Vi: bOW ‘sued for peacd and a treaty Was signed tm January, 1792 By it Catharine ‘retained the whole country vetween the Bug und the Dniester, and was secured in possession of tbe Crimea, the strony pluce which ut the tine constituted it ine key to the Black Sva, THE Wars oy 1807 axp 1811, In 1807, at the instigation of Napoleon, the Porte de- clared war against Rugsw. No operations of impor- tunce took piace, and the gacificauion which followed between Russia and Fraice, though it did not entirely Put a Stop to the war Letweeu the Uzur ana the Suitun, hostile measures were luuguid aod of no consequence To 1811 oh 48 another rupture, yrowing out of the Continental complications, Thy result might have been serious, if uot fatal to oi Porto, bad not tb Prospect of a more arduous struggle—the Fronch in- Vasiou—induced Russia to suspend her efforts in that quarter und conclude a peace on condition of receiving &® portion of Moldavia and Wallachia, The policy of acquisition of verriiory, ft will be seeu, wus kept steadily in View aod acted upon as occasion offered. TOR CZAk NICHOLAS IY THE PIKLD. 28 hostilities once more broke vut botween aod the Forte, 1118 of littie consequence to in- the cuusos of this rupture, as a powertul und quire 4 aus bitiods governinent th the LeighUornood of & freak one cau never want a pretext for war, The Russians crossed the Danube in great force, An attack on Shumia tailed, though im tLe rst justance directed by tue Czar Nicholas in person, They were more success- ful ut Varna, which surrendered alter a siege of two mouths. Tho utmoet efforts were made to reduce Silstria; bat, from the auvanced state of the season tance could ve effected, und (ue Russians retired beyond the Danube to winter in Wallachia, Operations in Asia Wore carried on with vigor and success, In the brief spaco of a wock Kars was invested and taken, with 7,000 prisoners. In the spring of 1529 hostilities were renewed. Truops were summoned {com various parts of the Turkish Empire, and tne gar- Tison ab Sbuinia Was augmented trom 10,000 to 40,000 | The Russiaus were strengthened vy an addi- On the loth of May the Russians again anube, aud atter sume severe couilicts | Shumls surrendered. ‘lue Russians now crossed the | Baikavs without opposition, the furks everywhere fiveing betore them, and soon ound themseives iv sight | of Adrianople, During their progress the Russians | had scarcely met with 4m appearance of opposition. The celebrated Treaty of Adrianopie, which couctuaed the War, was signed September 14, 1829. The Czar ob- tained largo accessions of territory both in Europe und Asia, particuiarly on tbe coast of the Black Seu. Mol- | duyia and Wallachia were constituted independent goveroments, and besides other concessions Turkey Was cblized to pay an indemnity of $25,000,000. The Rursiau troops were to remain in possession of all wo territory they hud taken tiil the articles relative to Moldavia, Wallachia and Servia “could be cousidered fulded,” aud until te complete evacuation of the territory the administration und order of things e¢s- | tablisted under the inilueifee of the Court of Kussia wus to be maintained, and the Porte was bound not to | intertere Wik thom iD any munDer. The whole of Mme trouty was to pave the way lor the annexation of the THY CKIMKAN Walt, A short time prior to the breaking out of the Crimean War the Emperor Nicolas, tu, copversation with the Eugheh Ambassador at St. Pewwrsburg, key, by degrees, hus talle: t, us L told you, eng Xistence Of the sick ina (und that I desirous as you can be tor the continuance of tia lie L beg you to believe), ho may suddeniy die on our hagus; | We canMot resuscitate What is dead; if tue Turkisl | ipire falls it tally to rise wo inure, and 1 putit to you, therctore, whether it 1s not better (o be provided belorebaud tor » conungency than to incur the chaos, contusion aud the certainty of « European wur, uli of which must attend the catastropue it it should’ occur unexpected aud belore some u!torior sysiem has beeu skotcned, | repeat to you tnat the sick mun is dying, und wo can never allow such an event wo take us by surprise.” About this time a dispute was golug on between the Greek and Latin evarel relative to the guardianship of the buly places tu Palestine, and Rus- aged the cause of the former. At | jon reached an apparent setitement, | chielly through the British Envoy at Constantinople, Bat while the Russian governtient was holuing out that the mission of Prince Mensebikoff to the Porte was exclusively for the settlement of the troubie concerning Sultan other demands of a more sertous character, which, it complied with, Would bave tho effect virtually of admitting the Wguty Of Nicholas over the Greek Church im Tarkey, The demands we refreused, and Menschikot! quitted Coastaptinople in May, 1453, alleging that the determination of Turkey would im: poxe upon his goveroment the Necessity of wecking @ quarautce by its oWn power, On the 28tu of the sume moath ap official note was transmitted by the Otloman Aitnistry to the diferent ambussadors of foreign Powers, in which it was said :—-"*The Porte announces that the question of the holy places has verininated in & manuer satisiactory to all pares. Nevertheless, the | Prince Menschikgif, pot satisied with that, has de- manded of the Pdfte a treaty to guaran bis Greek subjects. However great may be the desire | of the Porte to cherish and proserve more aud more hersell by such a guarantee toward ment by either conciuding with ita t sing Rravely her independence and the most fundamental rignts of | with her son, a youug man twenty-lour years of uge. forces would cross the frontier and the Prinel- palities, not to wage war, but until the Porte should ive the guarantees that had been iu vain demended, ‘o Lime was lows in putting this threat inte execution. ‘Two divisions of Russian troops, amounting to 80,000 men, under command of Prinve Gortschakol, crossed the Fruth, The French and English fleets wete orucred to Bay, and oo the bth of October Turkey issued @ for declaration of war, Omar Pacha, then nt Sbumia, op receiving it. desparched a letter to Gort- sebukolf, offering bim fifteen days to vacate the terri- sory beiore commencing hostilities. To this the Prince replied that he bud no orders to commence bosti! ities, Bor to vonciude peace, nor to evacuate the Principal- ities. The English aud French fleets uow entered tho Struits of elles, and on the lat of November the Czar issued his manitesto of war. ‘The operations the Danube were ut first cofavorabie to tue Rus sians; but they were brought to a couclus: tho occupation of the Principalities by Austrian troops, 10 accordance with a treaty with Turkey, A Russiaa fleet, meantime, had destroyed an Uttoman squadrow jying tn the barbor of Sinope, and the theatre of has- Uhties was transferred to the Crimea, The Czar Nich- Olas died while the war was in nts og and soon alter with the {all of Sebastopol, whic! long held out against the combined urmies und fleets of Great Britain, France, Piedmout and ‘Turkey, Deace was concluded by the Treaty of Paris im 1856, ‘The Sultan bound bimsel! to ameliorate the condition Of his subjects without respect to sect or ruce. ‘Turke: was admitted to participate in the advantages of 1 public law and system of Europe. Russia bad to gi Up @ smal! slice of territory in Bessaraom, but the most impor article of the treaty was that provid- ing tor she exciuson of Russian ships trom the Black Seu, by which it was intended to humble and. cripple that Power, Duriwg thy late Franco-German war the Emperor Alexander declared that he would 00 longer recognize such a restriction, and bas since acted accordingly. Lu inci, the Treaty of Paris bas been practically abrogated, thus rendering valueless alt that was accomplished’ by the Crimean war, and that, too, by Kussis im rather a baughiy manner, ud- mitting neither remonstrance nor responsibility, tothe other Powers who bad signed is. However, it was well | known that the agreement of the Porte ‘@,iessen the | hardships ander which it8 Christian eubjects groan Wore not lulililed aud thut widespread discoutent pre- vaved throughout the Danubian Provinces, The in- | Loman treatment thut goaded the Herzegovinans into | revolt and the Bulgarian horrors suow that i the late Emperor Nichoias wus correct in bis opinion of the sick mMal.’s condition be failed to appreciaie or tv express the idea shat he still had strengih to repeut io our day, some of the inost shocking burbarities kuown in the | Distory of Moslem fanaticism and ferocity. | HE RAID ON LIBERTY HALL & DISGRACEFUL MOCKERY OF JUSTICE AND DE- CENCY—A RIDALD RABBLE JEERING YOUNG GIRLS AT ESSEX MARKET POLICE CUURT. Not since the riot in Tompkins square has such a crowd coliccted ip and around Essex Murket Court as | Was present yesterday to witness the procession of pris- oners from the Eldridg® street station house, who were arrested on Saturday night in a danee hall in Stanton street. ‘There were 124 ut them, eigbty-seven men and half growa boys and thirty-seven young girls, ranging from fourteen to eighteen years of age. The police not only bad a great deal of difficulty clearing the way for their prigoners, but it seemed almost impossible tor them to keep any kind of order among the crowd that lined the walks, The hooting and jeering of this rabble as the prisoners—tho youvg girls espectally— | filed into the court roomfcould be beard two blocks ott; | and when the last one had passed tho portal a rush was made by the then thoroughly excited crowd that threatened to carry doors, sushes, officers and everything else with it, 1s was with the utmost e: “tions of the Court squad and the other officers that comparative quiet was reewwred inside the court, so | that the regulur business of the day could go on, Judge Dafy seeing the condition of affairs, decided to | disposo of the cuso at once and summarily. A com. laint Was taken ugainst the proprictur of Liberty | all ior keeping @ disorderly house, and he wus come mitted in $1,000 bail to auswer at General ‘Tho rest of tho prisoners were then formally ari before the bar of justice. They were a motley crowd, and the boys and young girls wero heterogeneous); ed up ey stood awaiting the decision of His The girls, for the most jonor. part uoder eighteen and apparently working girt courtesans, seemed to feel though some of them did assu: apd joked and laughed with the male prisoners, attire showed unimistakable signs of u night spent io the stution house, boing bedraggled aud more or less spotted with the whitewash of the cells, and even in *the crowded court room, some of them more particular than the rest endeavored to straighten out their gar- monts apd smooth their ruffled headgear. On the trout benches were the mothers of a few of these young girls, apd it was painful to see the anxiety with which they watched for a-chance to communicace with ng uffepring.. In tact the whole afair of ting these people, the procession through tho i | ets and the arruigninent im coart seemed to be @ great mistake on the part of the police, for the dancers of Saturday nignt wore all discharged by Judge Duffy. Certainly tho scopes that these young people, most of thom more foolish than criminal, bad to witness yesterday served no good parpowe. After the caso was disposed of so olice were far as Juage Duffy was concerned, the p again called upon to makea dor sh discharged prisonera, and tho noise on t! and around the court increased, and moil at ite height when sorts of ribald remarks, and court rooin in dread. A it companions, whu were just bebii ished their way Into the sireet, and wi they got a littie clear ot the mob if for deur life, with the shouts of the ruManly men ana boys still tingling 1 Wf ears, ‘The police and Court clerks then came to the rescue, and escorted as many Out through the side door | hind the Judgo’s uesk, endeavoring to shield them as far as possible from the rufianism ofthe rabble, Alter | a tew had passed out this manner the crowd dis- covered that they had been balked their fun, and came ina rush up Essex Market place to continue their hooting and yelling around the other door, This gave @ chanco jor w few more of them to get out tho, front way, but it took nearly three-quarters of an bour to get all the giris safely out of the court room and out of the clutches of the mov, Although the Court opened at seven o'clock yestervay morning, it was long alter ten before the unruly crowd of inischievous boys und men had tett the vicinity of the building, SUICIDE IN A BATH TUB, MELANCHOLY DEATH OF A BROOKLYN LADY. Mrs, Roxanna Pinney, wife of Mr. Charles Pinney, a manutacturer of window sbades in this city, commit- | ted suicide at her residence, No. 403 Clermont avenuc, | Canandaigua, Monongahela, Shenandoah, Lancaster | be kopt in those waters, as they ure suitable for | old vessels and wilt not be used again. ‘ THE NAVY. Number and Condition of Our National Vessels, THE PERSONNEL OF THE SERVICE. Improvements Necessary to Con- tinued Efficiency. Benefits to Commerce from a Proper Naval System. Wasurnorox, April 22, 1877. The Advisory Board, composed of the hoads of the various bureaus in the Navy Department, organized by Secretary Thompson, will, it 14 bolieved, do much toward advanemg the efficiency of the navy, Such a Dourd bas long been favored by prominent naval ollicers, who bave caretutly studied the condition and Fequiroments of that branch of the service, and it it hoped the recommendations and sugzestions of the Board will have due weight with Congress. COMDITION OF THX NAV. ‘The United States Navy ouw consists of seventy-one steam meu-of-war, carrying from two to forty-mx guas each, besides twenty-throe sailing Veasels, twenty-four tron-ciads, two torpedo boats, twouty-seven tugs and Small steamers attached to the various yards aud Naval stutious, making » tot! of 147 vessels, though not oue-ball of this number cau be regarded us eilicient wea-goiug ahips, OUR LARGER CRUISKRS. ‘The largest cruisers wo have are the frigates Colo- rado, Frauklm, Minnesota and Wabash, carrying from thirty-nine to forty-six guns each, out they ure armed with old-fashioned smooth bore guns indtead of having rifled Orduance, the style of urmament used in the na- vies of other nations, The only vessel iu our navy car- rying rifled guns is the new sloop Trenton, the flagship of the European squadron, She basa battery of eleven | eight-inch rifled guns'converted trom the old smooth | bores by lining with steel tubes, ‘The trigates Colorado, | Franklin, Minnesota and Wavash could bo prepared for sea in a week of two, and are gult- able for apy service upon our own coust, but they are wot turnisned with modern engines and are not ft to send abroad. ‘tho Niagara, another frigate of tho same class, is at Boston, Some time ago Qu attempt was made to convert her Into an irou-clad, but it proved a failure, and it would cost more to re- bulld ber noW than to build a new ship, None of these Vessels can attain much specd, and in case of a fight could neither capture an enowy nor run away trom one, SRCOMD KATH VESSELS, Of our second rate vessels the Tennessee, flagship of the Asiatic station, is iu good condition, The Pen cola, Hartford, Richmond, Omaba, Plymouth and Lackawanna are all good live oak ships and aro now in service, The Alaska, Benicia, Ticonderoga, and Brooklya are built of live oak and could soon | be fitted tor sea, Tho Alaska wants new boilers, but thoy ure ready for ber, and could soon be put on bourd. The Congress, at Portsmouth, N. H., and the Sevorn, at New York, aro white oak ships, built during the late civil war, and are of no account, Tho Flor- | ida, laid up at\New London, is a good live oak vessel, { and could be prepared for sea withio thirty days, The | Jowa, laid up at Boston; the Java, on the stocks at New York; the Connecticut, on the stocks at Boston, and the Worcester, at Norfolk, are not regarded as good vesseis, and old naval officers speak in favor of | e@ondemping all such ships by « board of survey and selling them at public auction, but every attempt to do so has met with opposition and unjust charges, to tho effect that rings were formed or that there wero Jobs im such sales, which bave prevented the sale, ‘Tho Susquehanna, in ordinary at New York, will not be used oguin, An attempt was made some timo ago to change her from a paddle wheol to a screw steamer, but alter the wigk vas commenced it was found the cost would be very grcat and it was abandoned. Tho New York, now on the stocks at New York, is @ good live oak ship and should be completed. ‘The Powhatan, on special service inthe North Atlan- te station, ts a paddle wheol vessel, but in sea-going condition, and good lor speciul service, which she per- forma THIRD RATR VESSKIS, Of the third rate vessels tho Juniata, Ossipee, Quin. nebang, Swatara, Galena, Mohican, Wachusett, Iro- quois, Wyoming, Tuscarora and Keasarge are all good ships; The Vandalia, Marion, Adams, Alliance, Es- sex, Enterprise, Nipsic, Alert, Huron and Ranger are magnificent vessels. Some of them are new and otbers bave been re- built, so that they are as good as new. The Ashuclot aud Mouocacy are light draft paddle wheel steamers attached to the Asiatic station, and they will probably cending the rivers and will therefore remain in the t us long as they are seaworthy, ‘Tne Kansas, Saco, Nyack, Shawmut and Yantic aro The latter nuined vossel is now on her way home from the Asiatic stution, SAILING VESSELS, Most of the sailing vessels ure laid op at the various ud others aro used as store ships or truining tor boys. The New Hampspire, at Port Ri 1a the sto hip for the Nortu Atlantic station; and | Brooklyn, at an early hour yesterday morning, under | circumstances of avery melancholy charactor, Mra | Pinney bad been suffering trom a nervous affection and | general debility for the past three years, and bad been contined to her bed for the greater part of that period, Of late she frequently spoke to ber family on the ject of death, and a week ago held a long conversation She told him that she would soon be with many of her jormer friends, who were waiting for ber in the world beyond the grave. Mrs, Pinney rose trom her couch atau early hour yesterday morning and went into the | bathroom, Her protracted absence from her root finally alarmed her hosband, who went to search of her." Finding the door of the bathroom foeked on the inside, and betwg unable to obtain ao answer to Lis sumrons to let him th, the door was burst open. The object of their search was found lying in the | bathtub, which was two-thirds filled with wa: ver, iife being extinct, and the body ve ing face downward, Dr. Corey was summoned immediately, aud he gave it us lis opinion that she | had been dead about one discovered. In | ber own room were subsequently found a farewell | poem, repiewe with maternal «ffection, addressed to | her children, and several keepsakes which she bad ar- ranged for them, Everything indicated that the sad act Was premeditated, but i is doubitul whether she was mestally responsible, owing to her debilitated physical condition, Deconsed, who was flity-nine veurs of age, had been acontributor to various periodicals for maby years past, and Was cufhected with benevo- lent institutions, Mrs. Pinney, who was a pative of Ellington, Coon, wilt be interred in the furmily plot at that place, A NIP AND A NAP. Thomas Napper, a butcher, twenty-five yeurs of age, residing at No, 75 Irving street, Brooklyn, atteuded | one of the theatres of that city on Friday night last with atriend. Un their way bome they stepped into the liquor store of Thomas Fitzgibbon, corner of Har- tison and Hicks streets, where Napper partook of two glasses of brandy, In a short time he became insensi- ble, and was removed in that condition to his home. He remained in wn unconscious state until Saturday | night, when bis wile, becoming alarmed, called im a | physician, Medicine was adminiatete: soon pronounced out of danger, brandy was sald to be the cause of bis prolonged pap. ELEVATORS AS FIRE FIENDS. New Yoru, April 20, 1877. To tae Epitor ov THe HeRap:— The Jato diwastrous Gre in Si, Louts calls my atten- ton tothe tact that in every case where buildings with elevators ure burned the press unite in saying, | “the elevator shaitin a few moments became a rou ing, fery chimney,’ &c, Now, why should not hotel proprietors who bave in charge so many precious lives be compelied (if it 18 not dove voluntarily) to place hatchway covers at each floor which will ciose ded, the busting off | # in #0 many cases been | Tho idea ta vory pract | min uso for years in sume of Our large stabiishments, The (requont accidents, one of which resulted in death a fow days ago, might bo prevented by this means also, | reier to the engineer who teil down an olevator batehway in one of our THS PRUTH CROSSED. te See mea f accommodation, Austria was invited to troops and decided to throw her whow L The Russian government now announced that its lurge uptown hotels, if you will ventilate this idea it may do some good. & L. THOMAS, No.9 Beaver street, | table to dainage thaa iron, 1s equally durable aod ia arrRor' TION NRCESSARY, | _ Tbe annual appropriation for the navy should be } $e 0, and this 6uin would svou give the couatry the vavy tt Fequires. Kagland appropriates annually | for her navy $60,000,000; France, $40,000,000 and Ger- has supplies enough on board to last the squadron six Vermont has been turned tnto a barracks at New York, and could receive 1,500 recruits oo buard in case of au emergency. THB IRON-cLaDS. Of the tron-clads the Ajax, Canontcus, Catskill, tator, Lehigh, Mahopac, Mi Saugus aod Wyandotte trie, Miantunoinoh, Puritan terror and Monadovck ¢ being Topuired, and if the appropriations were sul- | Irom the east-southeast, BER EXPERIENCES DURING THE BECENT VOYAGE TO PORT KOYAL—HOVE TO FOR FORTY HOURS IN THE GULP STREAM—A MAN OVERBOARD—SUFFERINGS OF ENGINEERS AND FIREMEN. Port Rorat, 8. C., Aprii 18, 18: Greatly to every one’s satistaction, the sicop-ol- Powhatan, Captain T. Scott Fillevrowne, enterea ‘his harbor yesterday. Her long passage from New York convinced the officers of the squadron bere that sho must bave eacountered the terrific cyclone which swept along the soutbern coast on the 13th and 14th inst, and which made its existence knowo even bere, where only tho edge of the hurricane passed. Reports irom various vessels which had crawled into Charloston or Savannah showed that the storm was of aimost unparalleled severity, and naval officers were naturally a good deal concerned for the safety of the Powhatan when she did not arrive about the time she was due. As f wle graphed the Heratp last night, she eocountered the storm in its very Centre, or so near it that shu expe- rienced all its force, and was badly shaken up. I can add some interesting details of her experionce, which was of a character that few ships puss through and live, What weaker vessels may have suflered during this storm perhaps few float to tell the tale, DRTAILS OF THR VovAGK. The Powhatan sailed (rom New York at eleven A. M. Wednesday, April 11, hauling down the lag of Vice Adiniral Rowan when at the Narrows, The weather, | unt Friday morning, was very fino, the ship standing down the coust under ail sail, with sinooth seue, and everything promising # pleasant trip to Port Royal. On Friday mornmg she encountered a alo off Capo Hatteras and ran before it until eleven o'clock, when the ship was bove to with head to the southward wnd eastward so as to keep away from the land and the shouts off the | Coast, being at tho time ata point abont thirty miles northeast of Capo Lookout, ‘The ship was. put under tore storm staysail and refed trysails. ‘The wind con- tinued to terease until xix. M., when it became a hurricane, blowing away the reefod main trysail, the fore having been taken in to koep the ship up to the wind, The storm mizzen was kept on ber, and the engines Were making Irom six to eight revolutions per minute. AMID THR STORM, ‘Trt barometor at this time was 29.40 and steadily falling and the wiud east by worth, baving bauled ‘the sea had by this ume become very breaking incessantly on the shy ug = high as the tops, al rendering forward = part of — the siMP invisible irom aft, ‘The spray was pérectly blinding, and swept across the deck like drifting shot, making it almost impossible (or the ollicers aud men ty expose ther faces a moment to the ferce blasts” ‘The seus were contusod and irregular, the ship pitch- ing very Leavily—eloven degrees, a3 shown by the tell- tule—and roiling deeply. The old crait, however, be- haved admirably, and showed herself a remarkable sea boat; but the strain upon her must have been im- mense, as the towering seas buffeted hor on all sides, At times they would appear to come tu trom every quarter of the compass, striking on tho bow, the stern aud on both sides atthe sume time. Tho ocean at this time was o vast seetbing mass of waters, like the whirlpool of Niagara, but on u grander scale. Tuo Tour of the waters und the bowling ol the wind through heavy, the rigging were perfectly trightial, and the most experienced offleers on board,’ who had passed through typhoons in tho East Indies und cyclones on our own coast, contossed they hud never eucountered such a terriic storm vefore tor force and duration, The wind held at thie force—1—(12 being the imaximum im the notation and at present) until about threo A. M.. when ft began to lull, und tell to 4 force of 4105 by four o'slock, with the barometer at 29.06, which wus the lowest point murkeu. ‘The wind was still hauling to the northward, and again increased and blew with the same Violence as belore, The sea became more wild and confused than ever. The gig and whaleboat astern were carried away, and other bouts wero damaged by being struck by the sea, Much of the light work ubout the paddle boxes was torn away, the decks of the guards torn up, and the bow ports stove in and carried away, Nearly ail the buikheads between decks were kuocked down by the working of the snip, and the water came In Irom aimost every quarter, ulsiough, of course, the ship was batteoned down with great care. MAN OVERBOAKD, About ten A. M. of the ‘14th, the port fore stay car- d away, and in puttimga strap around the cuthead dum Birbig, seaman, a very man, Was swept off by a sea, and Was lost, Nothing could be done to save bim under the perilous and trying circumstances, and he was quickly swal- luwed up iu the mad waters, The boats: who was working by Lis side, was also caught by this wave, but fortunately fell inside tbe bulwarks and was saved. The loas of Berbig while im tue discharge of a bigh aud dangerous duty wus deeply regretted by all, By novo Saturday the barometer had risen to 29,30, with, however, uo cevsation of the force of the wind until about eight o'clock in the evening, when tt began to lull, blowing at times, however, as heavily as belore. torm had so far subsided that to the southward avd wost- 4 the course revewed, ulthough a very bouvy remained uutil Sunday evening, wien due weatber again appeared, with a fresh breeze trom the northward and westwa WRECKS OBSERVED, Numerous pieces of wreck were passed on Sunday, and at eleven o'clock @ brig was seen waterlogged and disinasted, Her name could not bo made out and no one was seen on bourd, Her decks wero fusn with the water, the sea breaking entirely over her. On donday the Frying Pan Sboal lightship was passed under sail, about twenty-five miles north of Charleston, making her slow way up to ber position, trom which she had been torn away by the hurricane. She appeared to be in good condition and needed no assistance. COURSE OF TUR CYCLOXK, The centre of tho cyclone passed about ten miles southeast of the Powbatan and tho inner edge skirted the coust, and unquestionably did great damage, ai: hough the storm was, of course, not so violent thero its centre, Such sailin, were caught jatteras must inevitably bave boen lost on the lee shore or on the shoals off the coast. The Immense quantity of wrecked mater through whi the Powhatan passed were sad proof Of great disaster to shipping. * THE POWHATAN'S KNGINES. The safety of the nobie old Vowbatan ts undoubtedly entirely due to the remarkable power und excellent working of her engines, which pertormed their whole duty without a hait when it really appeared as if they must give way from the strains brought upon them by tho tremendous pitching and rolling of the ship aud the consequent bulging of the coal bankers. The high- est credit 1s due to the chief engineer and bis assist ants and the entire engineer's department for the zewious manner In which they discharged their ardu- ous duties under the most trying circumstances, ‘The ship was battened down and hove to for forty hours, and during that timo tke beat and gas in tho ficient (0 Gt out several other tron-cluds now laid up we would bave the most formidaole iron-clad navy in | the world for Coust defence. | Experienced naval officers express the opinion that | the United States navy steuld aave at least 19,000 | trained seamen, Ioitiatury steps for this parpose | have already been taken, aud we now have 700 boys on | training ships being educated for the service, 1 Con- | gress would allow a larger number of boys to be edu. | cated, und inuke proper provision for them, we could | ,; Soun have up efficient force of trained seamen, | HOW THE VESSKLS al Our navy now consists of smallest of too im the world, except that of | Portugal. rman vavy, which ts the youngest | afloat, has 8,500 sea WANTS OF THK Navy. The next requisite tor our service is a rifled ordnance MANNMD. 7,600 men, being the | in conformity tu the plan adopted by every Power on the face of tho earth, and next the construction of | ships. Iti urgued that it suuuld bo the policy ot the | government to build a certain number of ships overy | year and sell off the o!d ones, Our navy should have | forty ships-of-war in commission, ana of this number | teu uid be in Fastern seas, ten on our own coust | and in West Indian waters, five on the North Yacitc, | trem five to ten Im European waters and on the coast of Africa, three on the Brazilian coast and two or three in the Soath Pacitic. In order to keep forty snips in commission the wavy should have at least eighty seu- going vessels, #0 but One could relieve another lor heceswary repairs, &c, MATERIAL OF VESSHLS. ‘These officers argue that live vak timber should be | used in building snips, for the reason that it is less | cheaper, us we have quantit lund vas been forced to build on acconnt of having no suitable titnber, but with us it is diferent, As tothe class of slips neoded, they urgue that dve should be similar to the Trenton— screw steamers of 2,300 tons and carrytog 4 rifled bas tory of eleven guns each, The others should be of the Vandalia class, of about 1,000 tons, carrying eht guns each; and of the Adams class, of about 600 Lous, and currying six guns each, ‘These vessels would act as cruisers, aud With our present ironciads, together with the torpedo system, which has probably been as fully dovoloped by (his country as by any other, would al- ford w Jair protection to our coast, police the seas, and, in case 0! @ War, cripple the commerce of au enemy. Of auch timber, Eng. r war Vessels of iron many, about $20,000, 000, WKDKVITS OF THE NAVY, As a0 filustration of the benefits to bo derived from an efficient navy itis mentioned that in 1845 our trade with Africa amounted to $12,000,000 per annum, while that of Great Britain amounted to about $5,000,000, In 1878 our trade had dwindied down to jess that $1, 000 per anoum, while the tw over £12,000,000, and tha 4 OXistence to the protection alforded by the British navy, A tow 8 mg American vessel, owned by Yi & Porter. field, of New York, was attacked by the ives at the mouth of the Congo River, and tho crow were rescued by an English cruiser, there being no American vessel jp those waters, ld oficers argue that we are losing our commerce all over the world tor the want of a navy to properly police the seas, The only commerce of aby consequence wo now have is witn stalling of every day, fire and engine rooms were xuffocating Many of the firemen and coalheavers foil senseless at their posts and were taken out, and it Seemed ulmost impossible to keep ‘up steam. Sentries wero posted to keep the men from bolung when seas would tumble down, and, crushing the boilers, would ili the fire room with noxious gases, steam and clouds of ashes. To their credit be it said, the dremen und coalheavers bouaved with extraords- nary cooiness und gurve, and enabled the old ship to weather the storm. Ot the wretched discomfort of all bands during the storm | need not speak. Captain Fillebrowne, alded by bis efficient executive, Lieutenant Commander Chadwick, i hard at work re- pairing damages to bis ship, which will be ready to go to sea in a couple ol days, if necessary, in about as good conattion as ever, DicraToR. Tho tron-clad Dictator, Captain A. W. Uran, will douvtless be ready abuut the 1st of May to proceed to League Island, wad she will be conveyed to tbat island by the Powhataa, which will probavly not be called upon to tow the former at all, as she will make five or six knots an hour, even with the broad fHelds of oysters, barnacles and weeds which envelop her bottom and impede her speed. However, if necessary, the hatun will take th big tron-clad In tow, having been supplied with a new steel cable expressly for towing purpos Will doubtless make the run to League {siand tn (our to six days, always providing they imeet with good weather, which may certaluly bo counted upon tM the month of May, The corvotte Osaipee ia expected about the middie of May, and all the cruisers will be here early in June when the monitors return from their bath in th muddy wators of the Savannah iRiver, W have pleuty of squadron exere: und a lively time onerally, ramation most heartily to be wished. ‘he following 1s a jist of the OFPIURKS OF THR POWHATAS, Captain—T. scout Fillevrowne., Lieutenant Commander—Frovch &. Chadwick. Licutenanta—Chatles M. Anthony aad William H. Boehler, Masters—W\iiam ¥, tulkicy, Hugh Osterbaus and J, B, Milton. Ensigns— John C, Fremont, Jr,; Charies R, Miles and Reginald F. Nietoison, Surgeon—Charles H. Buroank, Aanstant Surgeon—R, A. Urquhart, Paymaster—Arthur J, Prichard, thief Kugineer—Jackson MeKiwell, Passed Assistant Kngineers—Theophilas Cook and J. Habighorst, First Lieutenant Marines—Allen 0, Kelton, Boatswain—Daniet Gunner—Jobn Gaskias, Carpenter—W illiam H. Barrett, Saumaker—George T, D Pay Clerk—Joseph Di Captain's Clerk—a, H, CLEOPATRA'S NEEDLE. penne (From the London Telegraph, Apri! 10.) A man who claims the ground upon which Cloopa- tra's Neodle, recently presented to the United King: dom by the Khedivo of Egypt, fies, bas fenced it found, and demands several thousands of pounds und tbat aneeteetlon botore he allows ihe menement to be Fe mu ; and the two | shall then | INSURE? The American Popular Life Weighed and Found Wanting. FRAUD AND PERJURY Wide Discrepancy Between Faets and Figures in the Company's Reports, After developments already made as to the way in which a number of Ife inserance companies in this and other States have veen conducted, it will not sur- prise the public much to learn that another bas tailed lo stand the ordeal of official investigation, Below is given the report of Stato Superintendent Smith into the affairs of the American Popular Lite Insurance Company, which will prove interesting, if mos profit able, to the policy holders of that company :— IyscmaNce Darantaant, ALHANY, April 20, 1877, Pursnant to statute, the Superintendent bus caused r ity. ‘ thinks, exbaust!ve, and bas developed an ox- nary and melancholy state of things, the crimes of traud and peryery on the part of the officers having been clearly committed, while the moss ustouishing credulity on the pare ot policy holders i¢ dixplayed, many persons evidently believing the most absurd and ridiculous fables uurrated to them by the officers, und without the slightest attempt at investiza- tion parting with thelr money, hardly earned ia many cases, for potning of apy val he following statement shows the assets and liabili- tes of (bis Institution, as Bwora Lo by its officers on December, 1876, aud the actual truth ning these aeet ties, as discovered by ASSETR, Assels Sworn To, Bonds and mortgages. Collateral loans. Premium owes and loans Stocks und bonds owned Cash in bank and office, 80,475 19 Bills receivablo..... 12,067 24 Agents? balances. 42,019 Accrucd joterest aud rep! Not uncollected aud deterred promiuias. ‘Total aswets SwOrD tO, .1...+.-..+ee000+++ $098,700 68 Actual “Asiets, Bonds and mortguges seceses $47,780 00 Collateral loans. ........ 713 08 Premium notes and loaus—the amount within the reserve, Stocks and vonds owned Caso in bunk and offic Bilis receivable Agents’ balance {Not admed + Not adm’ed -Not adm‘ed Agency supplies, printed’ toatter, station. ery, &e, ‘Total actual asset: seseeseeesee sees s+ $289,025 37 BONDS AND MORTGAGES, While the amount claimed by the company, $47,780, and creditea under this head, 1s allowed vy the examiber, yet itis proper to state that it js clearly. shown that 14 was the common custom of the company before making tho auouai statemont to the depart. ment required by lnw, to transier so some of the direct- ors of the company certain worthless accounts and re- ceive in exchange therefor mortgages on property in the city of New York. The books suow, lor example, that Mr. W. W. Sharpe, of No, 26 Park row, New Yurt city, w stockholder of the compauy, om tho Slst days ot December, 1874 anu 1875, made transters of this character, receiving bis mortgages in resurn for a re trunsler of the account within 4 short time after said statements were made and tiled. It is scarcely neces sary to state that said transactions were palpably fraudulent, and made soioly for tho purpose of gotuss credit tor inadmissible items, COLLATERAL LOANS, Twenty-six thousand tive hundred and thirteen dol. lars aud three centsare cut down to $715 03, being & reduction of $25,800—this being stock of the U1 States Publishing Company. ‘This stock, It apy was given to the company by Mr, John F, Trot New York City, @ stockholder end direcior, change tors bill of suie of the company’ Ww, ox furniea sales, plates, copyrights, &c, From an inspection the charter of this company, on file in the oflics of the Secretary of State, it is found that the authorized cupital stock is $32,000, while the cer. tilicates given. te the insurance feapl'g are numbered 4, 5, 6 and 7, baving a par valuo of ped it 8 singular where the certificates numbered 1, 2 Bare. Thero is no assignment of the securities m toned by the party im whose name they stand, receipt being simply given by Mr, row that be was indebted to ti bim, without bo money loaned to Mr. Trow, aad tl re, safes, &c., were returned in tho iast annual statement 43 4D asset, although entered in the books as soid to Alr. Trow for the stock above mentioned. PREMIUM NOTES 4ND LOANS, This item, as will be seen, is cut down from $109,999 41 to $45,789 27, there being in sie of tug Feserve charged against the policies, and, theretore, not allowed, the sum of $64,260 14 CASH IX BANK AND OP¥ICR. From the amount of $80,475 19 aworn to ag in the bank and office of the institution on the das September, 1876, there was ouly found $22,475 19 appears that by a resolution of the directors in 1872, conditional certificates were issued to stock- holders, being portions of alleged savings on ao Aasuumed estimated condition the ‘company, wholly inconsistent with law or fact. Capital stock certificates wera then tssued to cortain parties who pretended to pay tor an additional issue of etock, $156,700, Such stock- holders magnanimously gave to the holders of such conditional certilicates of profits the stock in exchange theretor, and thus the company complied with the la ot Obio and Pennsylvania, requiring more thaa $100,000 capital trom stock life insurance compani The cash reported to bo paid, as above, was used oa several occasions in the imagiaary parchase of stocks and bonds just prior to, and, in fact, om the day of making the anaual statement, and these securities, with great regularity, were disposed of within a short time after the annual statement had been made to the department, Un the 31st of December last there remained of thie conditional cortificate issue, not cancelicd, about $46,000, and this, with so:ne $13,000 of memorandum cheoks of the officers, made up the larger portion of tho “cash iu bank and office” in last statement. Pend- ing the imvestigation, these certificates of profit were “redeemed” tor the simplo r were credited as cash tonal Bank of Salem, N. they were not there, and iw no credit would be allowed ben ise true character was known. checks represented an amount that bad been paid officers lor increased salary, they giving « returm cbeck of voucher, subsequently used iy annual state- ments as “cast on haud.”’ On the 2d day of January, 1877, Or Within two days alter the date of the state- ment, showing tbat the company bad on hand $80,475 19, 1b borrowed $4,000 of a bank, BILLS KWCKIVADLE AND AGENTA’ BALANCRS are stricken trom the assets entirely, they not being assets auder the law. UNCOLLECTED AND DEPERRED PREMIUMS are cut down troin $30,642 63 to $41,560 21 tor lowing reasons :—Of the 1,037 th due and uncollected portion of the above amount all but three were never issued. They were roported by the company as being 1n existence for the reason that tbo amount of premiums shown above and claimed as Ao asaet was $38,982 42 in extess of the habilitiee charged against said policies, No excuse is or can be made by the officials for this outrageous proceeding, whole method being @ deliberate swindle, fhe items (or furay agents’ sy ke., neither oi such Coming within the law, LMABILITIES, Liabilities as Sworn to, Net promium reserve... Unpaid losses and endowments. | Capaid vilia., Premiums paid in advance s rofite and 4 of he fol- | ‘Total liabilities as sworn to. Actual Lrabils Net premiam reserve, . Lupatd losses and endowments, Vupaid bills, " Premiume paid im advance. . ‘Vorai Nabilitios tn tact, .,... NET PREMIUM at 3 ResKnvR i At 18 aecertained that the amount of eatprene jun Fe~ serve is $445,226, instead of only $308,073 78, habuity of $1 2 22 greater than stated, GNPaiD LORaRS. Tho examination shows the amountof un fod matured caduwments, contesied and otherwise, to be $94,211 57, wollte the sworn statement of the com pany makes it only $36,600. A claim bas been mado and industriously circulated by this company that under tts peculiar “aye tem” the fate of mortality am its ~membert ta tar beiow the averige rate of oiber companies, | But, when it Ws known that 1ts pate has ‘beeo \ computed ov the basia of a false issue of policies, ; thousands tn number aud taillions in amount and a werent of incurred losses, tho misrepresenta- own by tho following vriely 876 to \ Slated exampie:— Ratio of reported amount of death claims dui to amount of iweurance reported in force accord the company’s statement, 0.52, Ratio of actual amount of death clatnm during 1876 vo real amount of imeut- ance ia force a8 found by examination, 1.04. CONCLEMION. The Superintendent has deomed it his duty to make @ spectal application to the Atiorney Gi caso, callin eral in this Particularly to i, hopiy, Institution have rena hese tion, that n peecee be as wil bring them to wailer such worse eve deserved. tis astentio: i