The New York Herald Newspaper, April 16, 1877, Page 5

DEATH IN THE MILK CAN, ‘Where Some of the Pure Country Milk Comes From. OUR UPTOWN ORANGE COUNTY An Inspection by a Reporter of Twenty Hitherto Unreported Sheds Filled With Garbage-Fed Cows. Traffic in the death-dealing swill milk, as to which there are occasiona! excitoments, !s always lively, but Qt some times less noisy than at other times. LIFE IN PURE MILK. Pure milk is not only a luxury, but, as all recognize, Great necessity at oue particular period of human Mle, It contains ono of the proximate principles absolutely required inthe ahimai economy, Upon a pure milk diet even an adult will live and prospor tn- definitely. Notbing else, in tho shape of food, ts used 60 much as milk, It ts the daily food of a lurge pro- portion of the commanity, and itis often called into Fequisition to keep the spark of life aglow in the poor bed-ridden invalid who, perhaps, receives nothing else for weary days, probably wecks. POISON IN THK YORM OF MILK. To sustain life thus indefinitely milk mast be pure. ‘When it is adulterated by water, chalk, sheep’s brains, &c,, or procured {rom cows that are kopt in filthy and consequently unhealthy peus, or fed upon poor, ine Butritious gr sour food, suc as beer grains, garbage and, in {nct, all the various ingredients that go to muke up the refuse swill of a kitchen, it becomes highly pernicious and dotrimentai to the health, even tne life, of the individual who is so unfortunate as to be compelled to uso st, such as the weaning infant, Impure milk bas been known to cause in the young child all the various forms of cnteric disoase. When an enteric disease becomes developed digestion is next to impossible and the child invariably dies of ins | anition. How often in this city does the mother undertake to ‘wean ber babe during the summer months, and it dies atter a short sickness from that dreaded slayer of the Infant, cholera infantum! upon cows’ milk but 8 few days when it is sudaenly—perhaps after a convulsion-—seized with terriblo vomiting and purging, wastes fright. fully and dies in a few days © Tho physician, who has been called in, shakes his wise bead and says, “Summer complaint,’’ signs the death certificate and goes on his way. It he had but thought , of milk, and had gone to the small store in the tene- ment house block and traced tho source of their sup- ply, he'would have then discovered the polson beds that bred tho germs of the disease that killed tho little ono in some “*swill” feoling establishment in the upper districts or on Long Island, WHAT THE PACULTY SAY. All the eminent physiologists say ‘that the milk of an animal always partakes of the character of its food,” Then if cows are fed upon “swill,’”’ whothor it be in the form of beer grains or city garbage, can their milk be good and pure? Ifa dozen or more cows are kept tonfined in an ill-ventilated, damp, and filthy place q@hich would put the black nole of Calcutta to shame for years, can they be healthy? And, last of all, can usickly cow give milk that would be proper and nutri- tions food for a child or invalid? The Board of Health of the city of London, England, answered these questions, a few years ago, when it made an imvertigation to endeavor to ascertain the tause of an outbreak of typhoid fever, which was then raging in London. After mature and careful doliber Mon the Board expressed the opinion that milk ob- \ained from cows which are kept on bad and decayed food, und filthy and stagnant water, and old to the poor, had a great deal to do with causing the epidem Ie of faver. RELIEF THROUGH THR PRESS. Some years ago the press of this city took tho above questions in band and drove the ‘“swili milk’ vender to the wall. After the press raised the alarm the health officials caused milkmon to be watched, Wherever ‘‘swill milk’? was found it was seized and poured in the gutter, as liquor was in tho old day of the Maine liquor Jaw, and in some places milk flowed liko water alter an August thundor storm, Ferryboats were watched, and no milk allowed to enter the city unless it came from legitimate dairies outside the “ewill milk’? districts. The police, also, were called into requisition and given something to do—viz, to watch the “‘swill carriers” in their dally rounds, The people have hopod that this city would nover again be troubled with ‘swill milk,’? Their nopes, as know now, were vain, RESPECTABLE PROPLE ASSIST TIH POISONMONGER. Tho industrious *‘swill maa’ collects bis ‘‘swill’” diligently, and just as diligent!y does he dispose of the milk obtained from cows ted upon the swill he collects trom private houses and hotels, thus maxing respect- able people, unknowingly, partios to his nefarious trade. The apathetic Health Board that, by the way, d sposes of two or thrce hundred thousand of the people’s money yearly, but nobody, saving th telves, kno ¢s how, stand calmly by, when they ougnt to know that ‘“swill milk” is imported into our city daily. Perbaps a Health Commissioner’s practice would be less lucrative in the summer If the inspectors of the Health Department wore instructed to look out for ‘‘awill milk.’? It 1s @ foregone conclusion that Professor Chandler would not be called upon to make fo many analyses in cases of sudden death and sus- pected poison, where he could deliver his opinion, after @ careful and remunerative analysis, “Died from patural causes.” WHAT MR, RERGH FOUND, Mr, Bergh did @ very commendable act when, the other day, he caused the arrost of tho ‘‘swill milk’s vender who had eighteen so-called milch cows shut up in an old dilapidated sweat box of a shed, which he, the vender, dignified by the name of cow stable, Tho cows wore in a horrible condition, suffering from that frightful disease among cattle known as “hoof rot,’” But we would call Mr, Bergh’s attention to tho follow- ing facts, and request the Health Board to observe, if they can awake from their lethargy :. ‘THE FIRST PLACE VISITED. A load of beer swill, in the shape of grains, was Fecontly seen going up Broadway, and the writer fol- lowed in its wake to Sixty-seventh street, between Eighth and Ninth avenues, whore it turned into a nar- row lane and was lost sight of amid the small shantios and hovels tn that neighbortiood, ll efforts to enter the reer of the filthy premises, behind which the ‘wagon digappeared, were opposed by an old woman with a dirty red shawl twisted over her shoulders and trossed on her breast and tied behind her waist; the only other garment observablo a filthy short skirt, which covered her lower extremitios, Bhe could not be made to comprehend any- thing, but would persist in murdering an Qnknown lingo, which might origoally havo been German. A suggestive pile of cow manure was | in the yard, and a (ew cows could be discerned among the tumble-down hovel the rear, A wagon, with some ordinary swill barrels fastened on it, also stood in the yard, The man’s name was Baer, and it was quite evident that the grains were not meant for the bipeds. Any one having the puwor of law couid look into the matter more caretully. SIUKLY COWS GIVING aILK, On EFighty-second street, Just east of the Boulevard, & pumber of cows uro kept. Their coats are very rough, and great blotches can be distinctly seeu upon their ‘bides—whieh, however, may only be the bair rubbed off. They are very thin aud have an exceed- ingly sickly appearance. There was a running sore | upon the back of one, They are confined 10 an old shed, ailt of boards, that have the appearance of havin seon botter service. ‘The hovel 1s painfully filthy, wn the vile stench Is alinoet capable of giving one the pecuiiay sensation of sea sicknes WHAT CAN BE FOUND, Reer grains can be found in one corner of tho pen andin tube barrols wil over the place, Iu one vor. per of the yard @tood a tub which contained a pecuiiar mixture of swill; it appeared to have been com- pounded of beer gruins ond street garbage; the sour odor it had was pertectly disgusting, while tne maggots, which crawked along the side of tho tab, turned one’s slomacn when he thought of the probabilities of got- Ung milk from this place, One cow having a moro | sickly appearance than the rest, if that » possible, was tied lo a post in the grasgless |, her patient face seeining to say, “ama! favors thankfully received.” Thick, giatry macus ran {rom her nose, und there piargo uicer on hor udder, At tho back of her Jo hind hoot {ft was very sore and had the fppearanco that A hoof with the peratches would fave, = The animal inoked The child has been teoding | displayed window in front. On Zighty-second ta sheds, swill t of the observer. 2y apon the writer as be passed. They were conveying the grains down to a mass of sheds and hovels, in the hotiow, on the north side of the street, where probabiy. forty or fiity cows are kept in m sery sad from obser- vation, Un the corner pf Ninth avenue and Sixty- Second street a horrible place was found. The corner was elegantly decorated with ap old, dilapidated shanty, which was used ax a dwelling place, evidently, as several dogs aud ragged urchins were scet dixportiog themselves in the Nothi could be seen in the bo!tow watil the edge of the tank was reached; then an old shanty came into view, flanked by staynant pools ot water covered with a ‘hick, green scum, and capable of disseminating malaria throughout a civilized land, No drains lead from pools, and the water is kept here for con- venience in watering the cattic and mixing the swiil, The potsonous tames arising from the hollow looks down are almost stifling, REFUSFD ADMISSION, Aw the place was approached a man Instantly closod the door aud barred further progress down the rickety wooden gtairs with his burly furm, As tho writer stood expostulating with him a low of a cow was heard proceeding trom the mckety shed. It would not have done to force a way and thus risk a battle in this worse than wilderness, Buttho low of the cow heard is proof enough that cows are there contined. In tront of the dwelling shanty stood the indispensable wagon, with ite label of “pure milk,” and another and larger: Wagon, with the remains of a recent toad of beer grains cling- ing to ach 4 bottom of tho body, ANOTHER PEST DEN. On the north side of Ninety-second strect and nearly opposite the main gate of “Elm Park’ {8 another old asbanty and its necossary outhouses. The ci about forty fect long and about ; the roof slopes from weat to east, and might i bly be, on its highest sido, about six feet in eignt. Within this shed several milk cows are confined in various stages of Lealth and disease, It would be impossible for them tobe healthy in this damp, crowded and filthy place, Cows neod some | fresh ‘air ns well as a certain amount of exercise to keep them mm & fit condition to milk, In the yard there are swill barrels, swill tubs and milk cans in abundance, P WORK FOR MR, nERGH, In Ninety-third street, near Ninth avenue, fourteen cows can be fonnd; there 1s also in this place an exe ceedingly strong suspicion ‘swill?? and **hoot rot,’? The animas were pennod in a barren yard, where a Spear of grass has not beon seen for the last decade, Judging trom the oxisting condition of things. Scat tered about the yard a great many largo tubs wel seon, which aro tised in feeding, In an outhouse, a short uistance from the road, a boy was seen mixing somothing in a large barrel or cas its odor was much hike beor grain “swill.” These poor animals cortaiuly were ina bad condition, and sores were seen ‘about the heels of most all of them, But why multiply cases? There 18 no use in speci- fying more, for in the district lying between Sixty- third street on the south, Kighty-third street on the north, the Boulevard on the west and Eighth ayenuegn the east, handreds of which the above specified cases are examples of ‘tswill-mulk” establishments can be found, UPTOWN ORANGE CoUNTY, The above section is composed of old sbantics and hovols, and is reeking with filth aod vermin. The \ buts are built upon bigh rocks or in deep hollows be- | tween the streets, The population is composed of the | worst and lowest order of German and Dutch, with a lew enterprising Italians, who have started a fow rag ‘warehouses in the neighborhood. [t is impossible to gain admission and inspect the rear of any of the prem- + ges, Something must be wrong or the poople would ! not have such tear, the writer thought, So 1m the dis- trict he tarried. Now and then a poor, sickiy cow, or an apology for a horse, can be seen, ‘I'he writer saw a boy dragging a poor beast of a cow along and belabor- ing it with @ great club to hasten its walk. Glairy mu- cus was flowing from is nose, like trom @ horse's noso when he has the pare pe ite back and ‘ware actually covered with large sores; the poor creature conld hardly walk, and tne way it managed to limp along suggested to the writer very bad tcet. All along, alter the writer bad lingered in the district some time, at nearly evory shanty, men, women, boys | and girls could be seen moving “swill.”” The wagons, whiel uite familiar to the city denizen, that col- Tect the swill, wero. drawn up in front and the kitchen refuso taken from the barrels, a few beer grounds were mixed with it and it was carried to the rear. WAITING FOR MILKING TIME. The writer suspected that milking was going on, and lingered still, It was not long to wait; for shortly men women wore seon leaving the shantics with small milk cans and ® transformed appearance. Instead of the old dirty skirt and overalls they were first seen in they now Wore neat and clean calico dresses and the | men decent pantaloons and a clean hiexory shi: WHAT EVERY ONE SHOULD KX( In the pediers of mtik the writer recognized the counterpart of the pecpie, that serve the poor with milk, and tell them they keep their own cows. They bave soeir own cows, reader, but their own cows wiil soon Jay your little oues in the grave; so beware. y ol the denizens of this neighborhood club to- wether, as the writer was informed, aod seil ail their milk to one m who serves it on route from a ‘wacon stamped “Orange county milk. Owners bave sufficient to supply a small dealer themselves. It is nice to imagine that the pen who give these people tho “swili’”’ are liable to bave it returned to them in the sbape of milk, The inhabitants are semi-savage, and jook as if they would pounce upon the intruder if they only dared, The city missionaries might tind Profitable employment in trying totexch those heathen the way of civilized life; surely no such heathens could be found in Asia or ica—even the Chinaman is perior, AN INTERVIEW. ‘The writer next paid a visit to * ort interview with the bartender:— ‘Are there many cows kept i this neighborhood ?”” was the first interrogation. “Yes, sir, most all of these shanties around here have got some.’’ “How do they feed them. I don’t suppose they buy corn for them all?” “They never get a bitof corn all their lives; they Gon’t get nothing only garbage and beer grains,’’ “Don’t they get any grass ?”? “No; pasture costs too much.’? “Whore do they get the garbage ?”? “From down town, All these fellows have got a horse and old wagon and go after it themselves to pri- vate houses and hotels.”” “What do they do with the milk ?”” “*Sell it around the river front aod some sell it to milkmen,”” WHAT WAS SKEN IN BROOKLYN. Brooklyn bas always been the stronghold of * milk” and ilieit whiskey. From Brooklyn almost «| the ‘will milk”? came that was destroyed by the police aud Bourd of Health several years ago. Some establishinenty then discovered had as many cows us | could be found upon a large dairy farm. re all very lar; ‘im Park” and held Hing over that city Fecent- wiil be found below ;— ING KSTABLIBAMEN \ On the corner of Marcy avonue and Floyd street is an old palatial Louse; it was probably vutlt by the old Duteh settlers and thought quite a mansion by the envious tn those old anu happy days, when people were not troubled with “‘swill.”? The house 1s irregu- Jar in shape, with an extension wing running cast. The paint, under the influence of the sun and wind, has become aalate color, instead of its original white. ‘To the east of the bouse are the remains of a once beautiful kitchen garden; the gooseberry and currant bushes are broken down, and t! Dears the appearance of a gener: by neglect. rindaced | arbor adorns tho front of the ting scenes of country “To what base uses ice beautiful mansion now C ‘swill milk” man, reat of the mansion—{t is so beautiful, ovea wreck, we must still persist in calling 11 so—is an old barn that wag probably built when the house was. vile carcass of ‘THE OUTHOUSES, The barn was originatly painted red, but it, like the house, has lust its color uuder the influence of tho weather. Pigeons fly in aud out from under the eaves ed roof aud the small spsrrows ana swal- their nests under the rafters as if ull were | innocence aronaod them, Hesive the old red barn there 1s avother low, flat-roofed outhouse, it run: east and weal, also, a number Of od sheds on the west side of the barn, all iencod in, however, by a tigh board fence, About the yard there are immense heaps of manure, waiting to be carteu away by ihe Long Ixiand | track gardeners, Upon the side of the long outhvuse, | above spoken of, were several suits of clothes tnut had been used by she men in gathering “swill,” hanging to dry. Some eighteen “swill” trucks were standing in the yard, the daily swill having been ali gathered avout | the time of the writer's visi | WHAT DEATH IN COLLECTED IN, The “swill tracks onsiat of iour low wheels anda skeleton body upon which aro piaced one or two large hogsheads, The ones on the place referred to wore all composed of two, ‘The bogshead forward 18 placed crosewise and the one behind lies the length of the truck. The bungholes in the hogsheads are almost large enough fur a man to craw! inio, The swill’”” ts removed Irom the casks by a largo tap In one end, also vory large, Alongside of the longest and narrowest shed is one somewhat smaller than th nised to wash and store the milk cans of the writer's visit some sixty cans wero piled on end in the above place, A large pump stands no washing shed with a trough jor cooling the milk. does not look large enough to accommodate many cans to cool, and probably they pump the cold water di- rectly iu the milk, In the different outhouses there are some eighty cows confined; each has a stall of about threo foct, or less in many cases, The floors of all but one of the sheds aro in a horriblo condition, and tho piace in- side, as a rule, has a geveral dilapidated appourance. Back of the yard, to the west, is a small pen, with exceedingly high fonce, in which the sick and dying cows are (turned out; but one was in it when tho writer mado his visit WHERE THE MILK GORS. ‘This Is ono of the largest “swill milk” establish- ments on Long Isiand—so the writer was intormod— and plios a great humber of milkmen in New York and Brooklyn, it also keeps a number of stores in the poisonous beverage and necessity, About three or | four o’clock in the morning a hvely scene is going on there when the milkmen are going atier their milk, and the writer could pot waderstand why New York milkmen should go to Brooklyn after Orange county milk, which they projess to sell, Although it may look wrong to the wriier, probably the mijk merchants can account for it satisfactorily, out under the circum: stances we do not OW, QUEENS COUNTY, about ready to dio, and as if sho would dip willingly to escape ber miseries, but she was milkod that might and the milk placed with that of the other poor beasts | In Sonth Brooklyn wo have the counterpart of the r districts, which we have described—the only erence being that io Brooklyn the places are fewer, but far more filthy, Tie people do vot object to living ia the same house with a number of cows, hogs, goats, id children, STARVING ANIMALS, On the corner of ialtic 51 thore are tour: pe: Tough, the bair seems to have been placed wrong way, and what bair 1s left is so covered with ith that i is next to impossible to discern the color ot @ beast. The poor and emaciated cai, about six or seven months old, looks as il its time would come joug Delore it ever gives milk to pomon the infants of Brooklyn. Tho remams of a great deal of swill luce. The stables tor the poor the hovel stand- was seen ubout the Voasts are under the dwolling hovel piles that are driven making a room below th: existed, but ty. neighborhood all the“city refuse 1s dumped douen wazous marke “Hoaith Department unloading in the holiow, una the writer con- cluded that it must be the city dumping grouods, Tue stench wus {righttul, and we \d say 1 18 capa- bie of generating all manner of diseases, wit mp n this Abou Jn the hollew, re the city retuse is dum; there were eighteen cows grazing over the ashes an selecting out all the oid scraps of divguating kitchen reluse they could find and eating « with an evident relish. ‘bey, lk@ hogs, had learned, through ox- Perience we suppose, to root for their living. They would follow @ wagon, and when the load was ais- charged they would drive their noses into the pile or scatter it with their boras and then pick ou! choice morsels of ‘swill’’ and filthy garbage, T! uddet t wore in a horrible condition, and the yellow adhered to the hair, thus mi a Irightful seab, One's heel was very bad, ns we ance tained by investigation, prompted by soving the poor animal limping across tho louthsome place. The dum, bg erow xtend up a4 far as Union strect, and all the hollows are tilled with cows and goats, MORK COWS, On Douglas street, between Fourth and Fifth av ues, there are three vile dens where the barbarians tor- ture cowsand feed them upon “swill.”? All tho sheds aod’ ens ure Weil covered up with old tin, and completely fide the animals trom observation. in about tho centre of the block there 18 a white cow, speckled with Tod, that 18 about ready to say goouby to the world, On the other side of the way, between the same avo- there are eight or ten animals in some old sheds rear of two low, flat slianties that fico tho street, TUR AUXIMARIKS, Tho goats in the neighborhood live on the samo stance—namely, ‘swill”.-as the cows. They make their periodical deprodations on the flower beds of tho neighborhood where decent people side, The young trees that have been sot out aro completely barked by thoir rat-like teeth, and, in all probanility, they budded for tho last time the past suminer. cHRAP MILK. It was the next object of the writer to ascertain What these people did with their milk. After pationt invostigation !t wag discovered that they mixed the Koats’ and cows’ milk together and added a certain Proportion of pure (?) water, xnd then either served 16 At houses themselves or disposed of 1t to storakeepors or milkmen. The tollowing sign, which was seen very frequentl led to further investigation;—"Orange county mi sixcentsa quart. No pearl milk here”? Wo mined to inv the “pure milk,’? and it betng about lunch time wo entored ono of the above places and purchased some, It was allowed to stand ten minutes, while we ostensibly read she Henan, and then drank very slowly, and lo and behoid! a thick, white sedim not much, "tin true, but #Ull sufleient for one to discern that it was some foreiga substance, remained im the bottom of the glass, The Pproprictor o1 the store upon being asked said it was cream, but when ho was told that cream was lighter than milk, and consequently always found on the top, he could make no reply. Other stores of the sa description were entered and milk purchased, and tn- ‘variably the white sediment, which woula lead one to believe that mitk had been mixed with shee braina, remained, The people in the neighborhood who bi their mitk from the small stoi or trom local mill venders all complained of this At ferries in tho morning wagons with empty cans go to Brooklyn, but when th 'n the cans are iull, and their wagon: range’ or al “Datchess county milk.” A great namber of people io Brooklyn bave their milk served atthe door by men who bave their own cows, Now, nen who keep their own cows in Brooklyn are compelied to keep them shut up io sinall, close pens, and in the majority of cases, if not in all, they (eed them swill, WHAT MILK AHOULD RE NOUGHT. Pure milk should have an opaque color, and when it stands but a few minutes the cream should rise to the top and not settle atthe bottom of the fluid, If the milk has @ bluish appearance, or looks watery or poor, people ought to refuse to purchase it, for it would be much better to introduce aa article in which thero ts danger heaith if not 0! fe of the little ones, milk’’ peoplo shali be watched and we wil! kee them anti! their vile trafiic is stopped, 18 THERE A LAW? It we are not much mistaken thero is a State law against feeding cows with ‘swill”’ and then seliing the, milk, Yet these men collect the city filth without molestation, carry it to thelr vile abodes, feed it to their cows and sel! the milk to unsuspecting people. 1s thany wonder that they can sell their milk cheaper than men who are compelled to pay freight? This teed costs them nothing but a few hours’ labor and it costs them nothing to deliver it, A VENGEFUL WAITER. to yo without than to the A DISCHARGED EMPLOYE OF THE GRAND CEN- TRAL HOTEL 8H0OTS TUE HEAD WAITER, George Pe was for some time @ waiter in the Grand Central Hotel. H @ young man of about eighteen, and was gencrally attentive to his dutice and extremely studicus to pleaso the guests of the establishment, No tault could be found with him, 680 far as assiduity and decorum were concerned, but Jobn had ono prevaihng vice, He was subject to intoxication, One or two little escapades of bis were passed over without comment, but a repetitioa of them caused his discharge on last Saturday night, Peters was greatly dejected on hen: ing of this, and be at onco formed um idea, which seems to be unfounded, by the way, that bis dismissal was dueto the misrepresentations of James Larney, the head waiter. Yesterday afternoon he came to the hotel and wont up to the tunch rvom where Larncy war ed. There were a couple of his quondam associates at the door whom he sent to the head waiter to say that he wanted to seo him. icing that Peters seemed under the influeuce of liquor and behaved ia a quoer way, the messenger no doubt acquainted Larney with it, lor he refused to come out. On hearing this Peters entered the lunch. room and possed through it to the spot whero the head waiter stood, The latter saw him comi ining his intention, went to meet him, watching bim narrowly all the time, Asthoy met Peters suddenly drew a pistol irom bis poe! id let t tempting to ball from it drew back hurriedly aud thout aim, Mh 1d between Lar- ney’s arm joth =men were but a couple of feet apart, and as Peters w third timo Faised the weapon the head waiter struck it dowoward with bis arm and received the bullet in his thigh. He then threw himself upon his assail 4 him till other waiters were able to harry up and dis: him. A surgeon attended Larcey, who was quently sent to bis home at No. 147 Sullivan 3 and Officer ferts arrested Poters and took him to the Tenth precinct station house. FISH FRANCHISE. IMPORTANT DECISION BY THE COURT OF AP- PEALS AS TO THE RIGHTS OF FISHERMEN, ‘The Court of Appeals has Gnaliy decided the famous Easthampton Esestop cases in favor of the town, the | effort being to determine aMrmativoly the right of the Board ot Supervisors to leg slate upon the subject of the fisheries and to determine town rights. The case in which the decision was given is that of Hallock against Domiy and Osborn (the | constables), for false imprisonment. At the hearing of the case, at the Suffolk County Circuit, before Judge Pratt, the plaintif! was nonaurted. This decision was revereed by the Genoral Term and a new trial ordered, Now, the court of last resurt has reversed tho Geveral Term decision and sustains Judge Pratt; and thts cage 18 dectsive of a number of others now pending on the same state of jacts, The decision is very important ana far-reaching, the principle being upheld that the Supervisors may legislate for the pro- tection of fish, both swimming and shell, by conferring an exclusive franchise in them upon the people ot our town, and--What 18 more important—tbat they may legisinte to exelude people of other counties and Staves from fishing tights in Sufloik waters, At the game Lime there 15 & Very unanimous sentiment among o fishermen of the county in opposition tp the estab. hisbment of precedent whereby the principle of ¢ with freedom of fishing in any of the sea- ‘sof Long Island may be upheld; theretore avy legislation im this direction, by euher State or county authorities, is rogurded with distrust and dis- favor. COWHIDING ON A CAR. Saturday evoning, betwocn six and hall-past six o’clock, Edward P. Price, of No. 51 West Thirty-third street, was riding down town ona Sixth avenuo car, At the corner of Thirty-third streot Montgomery H. Torvop, Jr., of No, 61 West Forty-fitth street, jumpod on tho car and commenced a furious onsiaught on Mr. Prico with @ cowhide, The conductor of the car put both men off, and they fought and wrestled to- gether on he sidewalk till the arrival of Oflicer Mowbrey, of the Twenty-ninth precinct The officer stopped the fight and took both men to the siation honse, A sault aud battery was preferred against Throop, and he would havo been locked up for the night had | not somo kind friend tutervened and got an order irom Superintendent Walling to admit him to bal. The two were brought before vudge Murray, at Jeffer- son Markey Police Court, yesterday, ‘Tbroop acknowledged cowhiding Mr, P’ric nd said it Was no more than he deserved; but neither of the men would say anything as tae cause of the quarrel, Mr Throop was hold in $500 bail to answer ter two Easthampton bay | | cure all data and | Gig. amd not she boat, comes ubont i THE AMARYLLIS. How the Yachting Wonder of 1876 Was Conceived and Built. Bristow, R. I., April 10, 1877. To rae Evitor or run Hunatv:— The appearance of the Amaryilis on the waters of New York Harbor in Juno, 1876, set in motion a great river of thouzht tending toward the development of this new stylo of craft, which having once started will Not cease, for tt isamovement in the right direction, It ‘was strange to see how people wero ata lous for a namo for the queer production—no fewer than a dozen were given her after the Centennial Regatta—but etranger than this wero the many suggestions of improvements it called forth, A bare sight of the Amaryllis wi sufficient. One party of fast thinking Americans im- mediately conjured up strange fancies more or loss impracticable. Some would bave a doublo boat with a flat side outward, and anothor with a flat side inward, While others would have the boat arranged—no ono Knows how —all sorts of ways, If the publication ot idens 18 all that is required to develop «new principle tho condition of tho double boat has arrived at its climax, Bot how many of those persoas who last summer were cager to ventilate their opinions have gone to work and practically demonstrated them? To be sure, a good deal can be tearned in talking ovor a matter; but some shavings must be made and nalls be driven before new principles can be firmly ostablished, During the summer of 18761 bad many appileations for a description aud plan of the Amarylis, to all of which [turned a deateped ear. I chose to wait until such a timo when f could faithfully Iny before tho pub- Nea (ll account of the Amaryilis and my ideas on double voats generally, ideas which had some practical basis and proved by actual experiment 1 have sailed the Amaryllis through calm and wind, over bay and river, ocean and sound, with all sail, with roofed main- sail and jib, no sail at all, and with a peculiar rig which I will doseribe later; with a smooth and rough sea, with 0 sidoway sea and @ headbeat chop, and sho Dever failed ne, She is tast, everybody knows, par- ticularly those who saw her on the 23: of Inst Juno in Now York Harbor, Sho is safe, for sho carries not an ounce of ballast, and tipher over you cannot. Sheis inost comfortable, for sho neither carecns nor throws water. Sho is easily managed, moro easily, perhaps, ‘than other boats, but quite differently, mstony, In the fall of 1675 I was thinking and thinking how to get groat spend out of single hulled. bvats, or tho kind in common use. To got great speed, thought I, ono must havo great powor. To have grent power one must have a great sail, you must have something to hola it up, and that something must be large and wide, and have a large soctional surtace, and alsoa great doal of frictional surface, These properties in a hull to givo stability are not compatible with attain- ing great spoed. Indeed, the more ono tries to make weft, able hull ths speed will be attained, even if corresponding additions aro made to the sail. So, then, there are two important principles of specd which constantly work against each other. If we in- crease the power to get more speod we must therease the stability of the hull correspondingly. An increasea hull has moro resistance, both irom sectional area and gurface friction. So what we would fain gain one way wonceds must loso in tho other Well, a boat Must have width, and the wider she is, generally speaking, the more stable she wil be But a wide boat cannot have great speed, apply what power you will to hi so the noxt thing that 18 to be done 1g to decrease the sectional area and the frictional area, and retain the stability which width gives, I thought I would raise the keel and the centre line of the boat, and make tho bilgos project downward and outward from it~such a thing as a Dutchman might build, This operation would de- crease the sectional area end in a ni retain stability; the boat would have power to lift ut a dis- tance each side of the keel, where it would do great work. Ikept on following this prinsiple, getting tho keel higher and higher, until by and by the keel came out of water, when, lo and behold! there was the double boat! Nothing else to be done but take a saw and split hor in two, spread it apart a little way and cover all with a deck, and thore you aro! That was the rough road which I travelled, and having ar- | rived thus far [ abandoned my ill-shaped hulls, and in thoir place substituted two long, narrow, very light boats and connected them at the bow, stern and mid- dle, The bouts must be far enough apart, o that the water which they displace in moving will not crowd against thom on the inside. To bold them apart @t such @ distance rigidiv would be dificult, and not only dificult but useless; indood, just exactly the thing which shonid not be dono, So the fore tie beam and the afler tle beam must be connected to the bulls by universal joints, and tho main beam in the contre must be jointed to the hulls n such @ manner as to give them freedom ina siignt jateral motion, for st wili be seen that if the bow of one boat pitehos she must pitch ia a circle round a centre, and in doing that the two hulls are drawn bodily together, slightly, to bo suto, but enough to pull them to pioces if provision ta not made for i, THK SOUTH SKA CATAMARAN, Ot alt names given double boat the catamaran is the favorite, and end comparisons have been made between the Amary! and the gtrango craft of the Southern Seas Binge that epith:t has become so common, and Will probably be adopted as a generic name for this peculiar build, 1 have examined with information which [ could find From a sug, estion of Mr, Meigs, of Staten Isiand, | ox- amined the report of the expioratious of Commodore Wilkes in the Southern Seas witn littie satistuction, but ip the “Kssat sur la Construction Navale dex Peuples extra Europtens; des Navires et Pirogues Conatruits par les Habitants de U Asie; du Malaise sur le Grand Ocean Pendant les Voyages Autour du Monde de U'Astrotabe, la Favorite et Artémise— Publié —1847-8-0-50," presented to Consul Forbes, ta recognition of services rendered to Franoe, una kindly lonued me by Captain Kt. B. Forbos, of Boston, the calamaraus and other strange craft of the ancient as well as our own times are trouted quite exbaustively, From these works | can only gather that any comparison drawn between the cata- maran of the Southern Seas and the Amaryilis is wholly Inappropriate, lo the savage cralt there are two bulls, which form, os might say, a unity, and there the comparison onda, aud o1 that ja tus for, in the South Sea boat, all the crew, sai and rigging, and everyibing appertaining to them, a: and supported by one large boat which bas ex- Hiity given to it mother bull much sinaller 6 first, usually about ome-third the size, This than little ball 1% rigidly attached to and parallel to ihe larger, and beld off from {t perhaps twolve or fifteen feet, and designed. to carry nothing. The main boat has nar- row platiorms extending outward trom either guo wale, | prosuie for giving accommodations for a larger number of persons. They bave neither kee! nor ce treboard, at least none is represented, so they must make but sorry work to windward. As tor thot and rigging they are of the rudest descripuon, With the wind aveam they wil! undoubtediy make fair time, but their sail 09 small to reach any extraordinary hat is to say over twelve miles an b rig somew! having the arast in the middie and with a long y ispended thateither end may be depressed, Their tucking 18 @ most curious performance; they do not come about tike a Christian, but they let go tho clow and earry the torward end of the yard toward the stern, outside the gunwale of the boat, and sometimes dragging it tn the water, The clew 18 thon *heeted down to the other end of the boul, Which now becomes the steru; another stecring ap- paratns 18 arranged, and the thing starts off in the op posite direetios. ‘Ono can say, truly, that the sail This 1s to keep Tt is said som queer manwuvring, get on the wrong side of the ¢stoall hull always to windward. times that thoy, in their caught With tho wind avacks, wainsatl; then tae “dovil’ is to pay,” and a great scrambling by the crew to get out on the windward piatiorm. Of the spood of these South Sew craiis we must make great allowance when we consider that in the main they bave only been seen by Jumbering square riggers and oid broken down whale- men, Whose captains always gauge the Fpeed of other vessels by that of their own. Probably the South sea Islanders would walk away from them as fast as the Amaryliia did from the racing fleet last June. 1 fancy there Was ho iptention Ip the minds of tho savages in butlding the Catamaran to in any high specd or ios, bat they Were rather compelled by ity to build that style of erat because of the material given them. Their vewsels, and those of ull barbarous nations, aro made of single logs, and as they were coniived to that material the peculiar forin of tue catamaran followed, There is, however, a remark- ably favorable disposition of the sail in respect of the applicauion of power in giving motion to the boat, but whether it be from intention is always donbttul. The fail if 80 Arranged that it drawe trom the transverse centre of gravity, 60 with any increnae of powor there is no inclination to bury. Indeed, the harder It blows the more they become hited from the water, for the ioelination of the sail gives it great lifting power, like | kite, THK VANKER CATAMARAN, Tarn now to the jawaran of the Yankee, an: will find t inmetrical huils of exactly tt model and dimensions, sustaining equally the mast and sails, the rigging and the crow and ali their appurs tonances; thoy can adjust themselves to the ever- varying form of the sen, having a piace for the rudder and the rudder always kopt th it; a bow and stern which always bear the proper relation tv each other, o Keel, of a contreboard, abd a sail woll adapted to boating to ‘ NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, APRIL 16, 1877.~TRIPLE SHEET. ] that are in the place, The sign of “pure milk’? was i the windward, the most valuable poiutin a boat's sailing, THE FIRST STROKE, Hav: rived, as i have betore stated, at a position working model, The little hulls were three tect long maoner before described. | hadan odd rig for this tiny era(t. Thero were two masts, one resting over cach boat on a little triangular trame, The masts met and were joined together at the top, thus making a sort of shears. Betwoen these tue sail w q yard at the bottom peaked up like a eth of leach. ad was stretehed very tizbily; so it ses per Jat. At the stern corner of tbe trisngular frame (the masts resting op the two forward corners) I juced » balanced rudder, which was governed by a ttle Vane at the top of the mast in such a manper a little und so keop her straight, The Urst time with all my strength, I immediately drafted the Amary ils and copied the little mode! in all essential particulars, DRSCRIPTION OF THK AMARYLLIS, Tho extreme jengtn of the bali t Jeet 10 inches. Both the bow and stern rake somowhut, so on the Water Ine they aro about 23 feet 6 toches, Their width inches in the widest place and 18 inches on the rline, The form of the ton or deck is everywhere micircle, The buils are placed asunder, 13 leet centres, and connected by the three’ jointed beams, av before desc The plattorm or deck rests chielly upon the main beam, and is 13 feet im length by 10 feet at the forward and 6 Jeet at the after three feet of the deck projects in rant of the in beam, and at the extreme forward part of It 18 stepped the mast, which is diagonally braced in every direction and stayed tothe ends of the main veal, whieh affords an exeellent spread Her mast 14 2 fee: long. foot on the foot and 10 fect of gai. The jb—the Kind familiar to New York boatinen—projects be- yond the bowsprit, Its boom is 18 feet long and 28 teop on tho lui, She ie stecred by ruddor, placed in the middle between the boats at the stern end of the platiorm; it 18 balanced #o that she ts very eusy on tho hel, 'Woen to porsons are on board no vailast 18 required, but with on aand bag of Atty pounds is suiiciest to maintain the proper fore and uttirim. ‘There seems to be not much ad- Vantage in shifting to windward, 1 have never yet seen the weather boat lifted cloar of the wate: When I frat aunched the Amaryilis, in May, 1876, sho was rigged like the litle model vefore described. T did not Uke tt; suo was diticuit to steer on the wind, because the sail was siretched so tgbtly and set go flat it would not shiver even when in the winds oye, Thus wax lost an important signal whieh 1s always given when a boatis too near the wind, Thea having the sail all in one piece, und part of that for- ward of the mayt, made ber come more slowly in stays. ‘The double boat is necessarily slow in coming about, on acount of its peculiar form and tightness, and, consequently, quickly losiug motion, However, 1 w relieved from the trouble of unrigging her, jor one day—I think the third day of ner iife-—I was railing well off the wind, with a strong southweste: whon” the buckstay suddenly parted, and so. a 'yliis with ber entire rig. The masts and sail er the bow and caught m the w of the accident the Amu ‘er did before of since an hour, Tho boats pokod their sharp noses through the sail and worked tho rigging up gon crally, In a few days sho appeared in Ber mainsail and Jb. “Tho motions of the Amarytts in sailing are of tho most animatod deseription, “Tne hulls, which are ulways froe to pitch and follow tho form of the waves, make tho grea'est possible use of their joints, showing at once the eflicacy of this attachment. The motion whieh ono receives on the platform is of the same nature ag the boats’, though not nearly as intense, It {a most oxhilarating. You aro borne along over tho water ut the speed of a steamboat, yet oom not to bo touching it, though in a measure following the undula- tons of its surtace, r lightness and minimum of resistance which the boats present to the water the fluctuations of the wind are perceptibie in the liveliest manner. When a flaw strikes the sail sho darts abead so quickly that a sensation 18 given of her going out from under you, Tho platiorm is so bigh (two fevt #ix inchos) and the disturbing influence of the bulls isso small that rarely gots wet with the spray. also is so litte that it may bo scarcely noticed—a quailty appreciated by the ladies. Indeed, sailing in the catamaran is an entirely new sensation, and It hus everything as a recreation to recommend it, safety belag ‘one of its chief attributes, ‘There is no sbiiting o! ballast, no bapging on with tooth and nall up to windward. lam sure that a half day's sail in whe Amuryllis would spoil any one for the old fashioned ‘sailing. Ido not mean, however, to inter that the catamaran will displacs ir ordinary style of yachis; it & addition only to our resources. For extended cruising, where one lives on board, the cat: maran 18 not adapted, ¢ might be some accommo. dation aflurded by touts upon the deck, but the true fleld for the catamaran is for au afternoon sail, or a short crue in one of our beautitul bays—thosa heavenly gifts that everywhere indent our coast, ANOTHER DOUILE BOAT HUILDING. of Greenport, L. |., and in her place 1 have just com- menced another doublo boat, whose name is *Tarau- telli Sho is 30 foet long, and in tho main like the Amarylhs, the improvements being only in the details, She will have centreboards, unlike ber prede- cessor, and a tmuch larger sail. I expect to get a ater spred—who doesn’t with a later roduction ? ‘or my several pprovements—the jointed connections, the manner of banging the Tudders, and some details in supporting the mast and platform, &&.—I have juat received a patent It is ordered to issue aud will be published in afew days. SENSIBLE SUGGRSTIONS, Thope that the interest in the catamaran which was s0 generally evinced last summer bas produced some- thing substantial and that the coming summer will fing many of these new crafts afloat, Wo double-bout fellows must have a club and an annual regatta, Let us haveone in New York next June! I'il be thero with the Tarantella, I'l throw down the gauntlet to anything that floats, be it catamaran, yacht or steamer NATHANIEL G. HERRESHOFF, ‘PEDESTRIANISM. MRS. MARSHALL'S MARCH—ONE HUNDRED MILES WITHIN TWENTY-SEVEN HOURS—A PLUCKY STRUGGLE UNDER UNFAVORABLE CIRCUM- STANCES, [From the Boston Post, April 13.) Mrs. Mary Marshall, the former riy jo: Miss Bertha Vou Hillern in the race for pedestrianic honors, brought her first public display of specd and endurance an a walker in this city to a triumphant end last even- ing. The Indy labored under many disadvantages, and it was only by the exercise of an almost inflexible will power that eho succeeded in her attompt, The start was mado at eight o’clock on Wednesday evening, and to accomplish the teat proposed—100 miles in twenty-seven hours—required an average of one mile each sixtcen minutes and twenty seconds, and no rests, As previously reported, sho started off with f& Gino barst of spoed, making the second mile in 9m, 118.--the best time on record for a woman, Some question has been raised as to the accuracy of this time, but 1t was kept with great caro by impartial judges and afterward verified in a number of ways. Mrs, Marshall kept ber record within sixteon minutes for almost the entire race, vut hor condition became such that very frequent 8 were bDecessary, Sho was off the track 23m, 17s, at tho beginning of the twenty-first mile, 16m, 45s, at the thirty-first, 14m, 34s. St the forty-irst, 8m, 47s. atthe Alty-first, 17m. sos at the sixtieth, 22m, 24s, at the sixty-seventh, 5m. 50a, at the seventy-fonrth, 5m, 409. at the seventy-eighth, 2, 455, at the eigtity-Orst, fm. 47a atthe eigtty-third, 3m. 338, at the elghty-seventh, 3m. 608, at the cigh ninth, 4m, 478, at the ninety-iourth and 3m, 238, at the ninety-seventh, making a total of 2h. 48m. 51s, ALL beginning of tho eighty-third mile her feet bad becon 80 sore that she removed her shoes and walked from that time vot the finish in her stocking feet, The cnthusiasm during her mile was vorv great, the large audience cheering with much spirit, and bate and handkerchiefs were waved iho air as she pat in two. extra laps, Sho finished her LO0th mile at 10h. 47m, 48s, winning she race with 12m, 124 to spare, Her acvunl walking time was 23, 58m, 574, aud her averoge per mile, 14m. 238 Upon retiring ber pulse was found m good condition by Dra. A. EK. MeDougall and Thomas fia, dr, who examined her, and she was soon resting qaietly at ber hotel. During the race Mra, Marshall was accompanied on the track most of the time, Mosars, Avery and Cushing, the pedestrians, and Mr, William HH, Winslow matniy performing that dasy. At of the ninoty-fitth mile the podos ‘a neat gold badge by str, of the Post, in beball of her manager, and othe ‘The badge is in- scribed, hampion of Atnerica, Presented by Her Boston Friends" During the latter part of ber walk some parties unknown, probably some Of thoxe who had money staked on the result, attempted toeripple the Jady by seattering tacks, pi bbies and Giher like objects In hor path. The vigtiance of at. tendauts kept the path clear, however. The following is the record of each mile continued from Thursday's Port -—~ 16 :H0|88. 13::40/69... it 6 u 1 HOWES YS, TIME—TWENIY-ONE THRER HOURS. {From the Sportsman, April 2.] Wo donbt if a search through the records of profes- sional pedestrianiam would reveal the fact of two men attempting in the same week the heroulean task of walking twenty-one injles within three hours, yot buch was the caso on Friday aud Saturday tast. the MILES IN hich is everywhere conceded to be | whore | viewed in my fancy the double buat | made & | and made of paper and connected together in the | 1 put her in the water Twas astonished, ! had all I | could do to catch her in a twelve-foot rowboat, rowing | | She is sloop rigged, the mainsai boing 23 | one | Hor careening | | ‘Tho Amaryilis 1s now the property of Mr. F, Hughes, | likers being two of the Yee. men of modern times As reported in the Sportsman, W. Perking, the shor distance champion, failed to accomplish the feat a Rotherhithe on Good Friday, dut on the following evening, at the Agricul: twenty-one of the distance within two bours, the backer of time laying £200 to £100 against tho first event ana £100 to £50 against the second, which ae ouly once been recorded, viz, by Geor Davison, who covered 15 miles 508 yards in his twenty-one miles against time at Hackney Wick on December 6 1869, Previous to Satarday the ‘eat pamed above hat been mpted about eight times, bat on two occa sions only had ft been satistactorily accomplished The first to try the task was old Smith, of Ipswich who, for £100 a side, made a start at the Belle Vue Grounds, Manchester, op May 25, 1850, bat after cover- ing twenty miles he bad exceeded tho three hours by three minutes. It was not until Febraary, 1998, that the late Charles Weathall took £100 to £20 on time, hand the match took place betroen the ity. fitty-mini roi ighth and winarket ilo stones on the London a . Alihough @ strong custerly wind was blowing, the ground was as hard as iron, Westhall won with fifty-nine seconds to spare, a large horse box having been brought into requisition to prosect him from the wind; his first seven niles were completed in 58 minute: and Jourtcen in Jb, 65m. os ‘This was the only ove sion on which the periormance has been done on # turnpike road, The next “pod to oppose the “seythe bearer’? was Bilt Spooner, of Turaham Green, who took £50 to £40 in March, 1838, out be Was easily defeated at the Copenbagen Grounds, Man. chester, having to retire at seventecn miles and three quartery, James Miles, of Brigton, then tried nu hand at Girratt lane, Wandsworth, in August, 1862, for an even £50, but ‘he left the track alter coverin, sixteen iniles 10 38s, Not being satistic with his ¢ Jemmy had another trial at the samo grounds on September 2 a splendid extiotion of 10 seconds ovly. ‘Tho next nan to throw down the gauntiet against time was Toploy, of Futham, who made his effort at the Old Brompton Grounds (now built upon), but was a boxing day affair and concladed late in the evening We nust let our readers judge for themscives as.to the rosuit, On the same ground that Topley walked, George Davison mado the attempt on a very hot day 10 July, 1868, but he wax compelled to in alter hav. ing walked sixteen miles in 2h. 14m. Like Mites, Davison wax not satisfied, and on a tavorablo day in December, 1869, he covered twenty-one aniies at Hack- ney Wick in 2b, 53m. d4%., which was a very extraor- dinary performance considering that he badto make 142 circuits of the ground, Tn connection with the mated under notico we may say that for some time past it has been the general opinion 1n professional circles that Howes was capablo of performing the feat, his easy victory over G. Ide, in their four hours’ mateb at Bow, when he covered eightecn milex in’ 2h, 20m. 344," and again over ary, clearly indicating that ‘filly’? was possessed ot both'’pace and stamina, When the match w: mado Mr, W. Sheo found the moncy for the “tme, and it was thought Howes would be al. lowed to walk on ono of tho tracks being prepared tor the Yankces—Waston and O'Leary— but they not being completed he had to take = ordinary bourds of the hall for lis course, the measurement being 258 yards to a tap. Although the start was announced for eight o'clock, 1 wus halt an hour later before Howes toed the scratch, Dot it was apparent that he bad gone through an ex- collent preparation at Newmarket in company with | Hagh urns, the boxer. Wo may here si | Howes 18 nearly thirty-eight years of ago, stands five feet four Inches, and weighed eight ston woiteh is a trifle lighter than be usually set training. All being in readiue: despatched at tweaty-Ave miow P.M. going away at « smart pace, accompanied by bis traine ‘but the first miie was not completed in such ta: time as anticipated, the record being 7m. 438, How continued at ap even pace throughout tho first nour, at the expiration of which nearly seven mil hall had been coverod, bo them appearing as atthe start. Duriug the second hour some spirited betting took place as to whether Howes was capable of winning tho filtcen milo bet, but ere ouo hour and a halt had expired it was certaim he could not accomplish such ® heavy task, and “Billy” ap- peared satistied with having the greater vet of ibe two in hand, When Burns became tired of running with his protégé, Ted Napper acted as attendant, and wo can sofely say the little man wag well looked alter, At the end of two hours fourteen miles three la and thirty yards wero placed to Howes’ credit, hero he showed no saymptoins of distress, while ing was of the fairest description, and, Iting for more than a dozen strides for refresh- ent, ho continued to the end of his journoy, even- tually Winning with 2m. 21-58. (0 spare, Appended aro the times of each mile Miles. H. M.S. Miles, H, M. 1. o74% 8 15 Ss. Miles. H. M, 8. Ws. 44 16 SL ow 1 0 34 13 0 40 20 0 48 41 oo7 1 In these days of “tall walking” we are apt to ove: look the greatness of the feat Howos has just accom- plished, It demands of the performer voth speed and stamina, and these, it must be admitted, the o ity man possesses in on extraordivary degree, He also 8 of the gamest bits of stuf that ever doffed clothing, els he would scarcely have been successful on Saturda: ning. ‘The track itself was not favorable to ond id to draw himsel) buck, as at nearly every corner he hi | up, and Throughout | walked with the moat scrupulous fairness, and not | even the most captious could notico auytoing ap. proaching to a deviation from the rules of iair too and heel, and at the fiuisn he appeared comparatively fresh. FAST AMATEUR WALKIN Quite a number of the Jovers of athletics went out te Fleetwood Park yesterday to witn the three mile walking match between E. Hols! ® momber of the Harlom Athletic Club, and'William Loonardson, a mom | ber of the Scottish American Athletic Club, The latter had a start of half a mile conceded to him. On getting tho signal to start Holske dashed away in fine form, and | commenced decreasing tho lead at a rapid rate. At | the completion of the first mile, which was dono in mm. Hoiske hed gained fully 250 yards on bis man. | Io the next mile be bad brought the lead down to some- | thing less than a quarter of a m: The time for this mile was im, 398., making Lom. 228. for the two miles, | It now became pi | overhaul his opponent, who, to the surpri one, was walking in very good form. At the 2% mile post Holske had gained another 100 yards. In the next | quarter be did not seem to reduce the lead to any | great extent. At the 2 polo Leonardson had a lead of 1m. 204, Hoieke now made a determined eflort to cut down the distanco that intervened be- | tween him and bis opponent His struggles were in- | effectual, as Leonardson beid bim safe, finally winning | by aminute, Holske’s time for tho last milo was 7m, 35s., making 22m. 478, for the whole journey, L@ Jobh F, Luthor acted as referee. YACHTING NOTES, * | Steam Yacht Ocean Gem, N.Y.¥.C., Mr, Iselin from | New Rochelle for New York, and yacht Peerless, | A.Y.C., Mr, Maxwell, from Brooklyn tor Glen Cove, | L. L. passed Waitestono yostorday forenoon, THE DRUG CLERKS. | New York, April 14, 1877, To thm Epitor ov tHe Henato:— | Being a constant reader of the Henan for the last | fourteen years, | tako the liberty to thank you for the intel you, from time to time, take in the regulation of the drug trade in this city, Your article in to-day’s Henatp undoubtedly ac. | quatnts the pablic with the trtie state of afairs in four- filths of the drug stores in Now York, and is not pic- tured a particle too dark. My own experience ase drug clerk in leading pharmacies on Broadway and on the avenues for many yoara past has olten made me speculate if some plan could not be found whereby the daily occurring mistakes in drug stores would be stopped and a bigher standara given to the dispenser of aroga Let mo, Mr, Editor, suggest a simple rule, which by proper legislation ought to be made w—a rule in ase in ma druggist or Medicine as pre: when delivering a poison to his ¢ full name ou the label of the article hold bim person: p quality him, a% a punishment for his blunders, to vo in (uture a& a phartocisi; or, let the Bourd of rinacy have the power to suspend tim for any jeogth of tine, if proportion to the gravity of bis mis- take, Aud make it further a misdemeanor for any one | to affix His name to the label of a presoribed medicing or a sold poison who is not fully authorized to do #o by w. i believe, would rid us of that largo class of you, Mr. Editor, describe w# the “galius,"’ wh¢ ‘aiand how to goll ‘*toitet articles aud patent med. * but who, as a general rule, aro entirely unfit for the making up of prescriptions, being tn nine casor out of ton ignorant of the nature or the dose of the | drug they dispense, Let the unscrupulous proprietor of a pharmacy, or his ignorant assistant, understand that they cannot | trifle with the ives of their patrons; let them auder- stand that they are not to be allowed to give phosphates | when phosphites, of bi-culorates lor su-chiorates, or | grammes when grams are prescribed, or vice versa; and further, hold them strictiy accountable it by theit | hands adul ted drugs aro dispensed. Yours, PHARMACIST, DRUG CLERK EXAMINATIONS, | To rue Korron ov tHe Herato:— | In rogard to your article on “Dispensing Doth” 1 | would like to state that it is an impossibility to past the New York College of Pharmacy in the time men toned, as it takes two full courses, which are almost two years, without the two years previous which you have to be in a well regulated pharmacy; and as for keeping salts and oxalic acit next to each uthor, it is »> impossiblity, W. FB. raduate New York College of Pharmacy, 1371,