The New York Herald Newspaper, April 9, 1877, Page 5

THE TURKISH SITUATION. A Dead Nation in a Dying Land, — + BANKRUPT AND HOPELESS. Paper Money Which the People Know To Be Worthless. Coystaxrincete. March 12, 1877, Experience, to say nothing of ouinmot «vase, cells Qs that the issue of paper money by any government, no matter und hat guarantees, is a sure sign of the Inancial weakuess of the country. No clearer ex- pmplification of is rule could be given than that which is afforded in the present etate of Turkish finances, Insolvent as Turkey was six months ago, that insolvency has been doubly increased by the \ssuc of paper money (caime) to the amount of 00,000,000 piastres (about $86,000,000). When, in August last, the government declarod its intention of jssuing paper money to the amount of 400,000,000 Piastres—foreseeing that this step would cause a further depression in the already greatly embarrassed Btate of trade of the country—it promised the public that no furtber issue would be made until the first issue should bave been recalled. This promise was quite of a piece with similar engagements mado by the Turkish government, for shortly after the commencement of the new year another issue to the extent of 500,000,000 pliastres was putin circulation, The result might have been fore- told; the trade and commerce of the country are bow in such a state of stagnation that unless some unfore- Seen ovent wards off the impending blow it will not be long before the Turks, to quote Mr, Gladstone, must, “bag and bagguge,’”” leave Europe. Ot course, putside of Turkey the caime has no mere value at- ached to it than would be bestowed upon the promis- Bory note of a merchant whose affairs are known to be In the hands of the bankruptcy court. A SADLY DEPRECIATED CURRENCY. As everything exported, therefore, must be pald for in what 18 here called *‘good monoy’?—leading to the inference that the paper moncy is ‘bad,’ as indeed it is for all purposes of outside trade—it is obvious that before long the currency of Turkey will be entirely Paper. As yet this ‘coming vent” has only "cast its shadow before,” but novertheless tue probability of ite speedy arrival tends almogt daily to depreciate the value of the caime. To-dey it is quoted at 165; that isto say, fora Turkish lira ($4 60 nominally) in good money (equal to 100 piastres) a money changer will give you 165 piastres in notes. In spending this monoy you will find that at different establish- ments different values are attached to the caime, and purchasers, unless they have had the misfortune to have been born or to have resided for a long time in the country, are ‘entirely at the mercy of the shopkeepers, In nearly ull the shops the rate at which the calme ts accepted js posted ‘up, and in case of dispute the proprietor merely points to his tariff, and there is an end of it. I am speaking now only so far 8 Constantinople is concerned. In the interior a very different state of affairs exists, Here something hike law and justice, although 1 can’t say much for the latter, exist. There *‘might,’’ rep- resented, of course, by the ‘Turks, is looked upon as “right,” aud ‘the weakest (the Christians) gocs to ‘the wall.” The officials of the government, from tho waptiebs (policemen) up to the mudirs and caimacams, are paid in caime at the rate of 100 piastres to the lara, or Turkish pound, instead of at the rate of 165 Pplastres, the negotiable value of this paper money. ‘When the zaptiehs goto make the.r purchases in the towns and villages in the interior they, somewhat Daturally, it must be said, think that {f they are paid in caime at its nominal rate they should beable to pass it atthat rate, ‘this tne shopkeepers, in most cases Christians—the Turks being too lazy and apathetic to engage to any great extent in trade—fail to understand, The zaptiehs then resort to force, aud broken heads and frequently joss of life ensue, THE TROOPS PAID IN PAPER, My remark: to these results are not based upon the evidence afforded by ‘¢ isolated cases, Almost @aily correspondence trom the provinces gives par- ticulars cf instances of this kind, ‘The troops,*too, when they are paid at all, are now paid in caime. Not Jong since something very much like a riot took place at the Dardanelles in consequence of this. It appears that the troops stationed there received some money on account of four months’ arrears that were owing to them. This was paid tn caime, but the authorities had nothing but notes for 100 piastres, and they wished to pay men twenty-five piastres each, After Bending round and finding it impossible to get the Bmall change in the town, they overcame the dilliculty in this way, Thesoldiers were told off into fours, and to each quartet, in the presence of the ot was given a note tor 100 piastr Insuructions to get change for it where he could, and then pay the others. Tho sarals (money Changers) anu shops were at ouce besieged, but tho aifficulty experionced in obtaining change was en- hanced ‘tentuld, owing to the fact that the soldiers sot Avery different value upon the caime to w tradespeople aid. Disputes arose, assaults were mitted, aud ultimately the shops were closed. Fortu- nately tor the commercial community of the place, the next day a supply ol twenty-Gve piastre notes arrived from Constantinople, aod the soldiers were enabled to dissolve their unwilling purtwership. TURKISH COIN. Between the caime and the ‘*good" money come the fopper plastres, which are now current at 150 to the lira, The market seems to be overflooded with these big ill-smetiing coins, which are rather larger and de- cidediy heavier than the French five frane piece, and it woile out walking you bappen to have three or four in one side pocket it is absolutely necessary to give ay in charity or put the same umber in on them the correspouding pocket If you do not you are like’ the man ii the lug outrigser who ¥ said to bave got a ducking b ccause—usuaily parting bis hair in the middie—be changed it one day to the side and thus destroyed the equilibrium of bis tragile raft. ln cach goid lira there are five silver medjediehs, and in each medjedien there are four besh- liks, avout a rane; consequently, with copper at 160 to the lira, a besblik should be worth 7; piustres copper; while, with caime at 165, a note with the nominal value of tive piastres should be represented in copper by a (raction of a piastre under the value it bears upon As I before mentioned,. however, the values Atiached to the Turkish currency vury considerably, Uf, for instance, you buy # pair of gloves in that gen- era) store ou the Grand Rue de Pera known as the Bon Marché (for po other reason as far as { can make out than that it charges much bigher than some of the other establishments of a similar character) your medjedieh is taken at the rate of twenty piastres only imstead of twenty-seven; but if, on the otber band, you happen to tender payment in copper you must pay at the rate of twenty-seven tu the Dedjedien, So diversitied is the rate at which the va- Pious coms ure taken here that ac three suops joining each other your besblik will be accepted at tne ratio of four and a hall, five and five and a hall piasires. Waile If on returning to the street you should be tempted to purchase a ring of fancy bread about as targe as a chid’s heop, und probably as palatable, from an tkmekdji, oF itinerant baker—numbers of whom you Meet in’ the Graud Rue—to you, surprise he \akes your besbiik at seven aud # half piactres. BULi-DOZED BY A STBAMSHLP COMPANY, Sometimes the disputes which arise as to tue current Jue of the caime are of an amusing claracter to thuse wi © vot parties Lo the controversy. According to the market, or for private reasons, the Bosphorus m companies and other caterors for the couvey- ance of the public frequently raise or lower the price at which they accept the caime, A few days ago the passengers by one of the regular boats runving from the different villages on the bunks of the Bosphorus to Stumboul were surprised and angry to Wad thai the employ és of the company, when ey came round, according to the usual custom, to cvliect the fares just betore the boat reached its des- timation, that their caime was taken ata shignt per- centage lower than that at which it bad previously copied, ‘be difference was insignitcant, but mafority of tho passengers were “reguiars’’ and Dot “transients,” they i ae en masse wo accept change upon tho depreciated tari, When the boat ar- rived at the bridge, or rather within a few yards of it, the other side. likely to capsize, there being many people on board who bad not paid | ther faros, the captain refused to go any further, so ‘that they were anavle to land. He even prevented fo1no passengers trom leaving the vessel who tried to do in cajques. Alter Jying off the bridge for an hour the passengers gave in, accepted the change which was offered to them for their cuime and were landed, TUK PROPLE WITHOUT CONFIDENCE. It 18 not only one class uf the community which Is affected by these financial aifficulties, each section is moro or less the suiferer. The fact 1s that everybody here 1s short of money, and what itttle they bave they are aifaid to spend, bot Knowing where the next is coming trom, This’ was very noticeable this your ing the carnival, which was « very tame aflair as jared with What it has been on former occamons. To celebrate the opening of the festivities several masked balls were held, but almost witheut exception these proved a failure, One ball was gotten up at great expense for the benelit ol the sick a Hurkish soldiers, at which only thirty people put in an appearance, tho result being that the promoters lost heavily, A coneert, however, for the same purporo, under the patronage of the Kuropean idouts in Constantinople, and which was held atew A ago, Fae @ complete success, in consequence of the sup- NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, APRIL ne afforded to it the English ‘urkophiles here, rhe” rece! a Hs Pree +4 Tiras, Al was much amused the ard from a lady weil k ir Turkish sympathies, who was on the Committee of Management, A question had to how the money was to be dis; never do to give it to the Turkish officers,” said lady in question, ‘you know they would be sure to use it lor themselves, but 1 fear that they won’t hke our sending any ove to see that it is properly distributed.” From this it would seem that little confidence is placed in the officials of the Porte, even by their friends, Bus to roturn to the question of Turkish finance, NO MAN CAN SOLVs IT, Your readers wil! perhaps be a little puzzled to understand why there should be these extravagant differences in the value attached to the various devom- cy. They may even look it from me, But ts impossible 8 this explanation, for none exists. I have been in this count nce ‘ian War, and jet al not to account for it to myself, 1 bi y ise who could. Queen Victo- ria has, 1 believe, offered @ large reward for any one who discovers or produces a blue dahlia; Her Majesty would be just as sale were she to offer the same reward to any oue who cap account for the strange absence of anything like a rule whereby to find the equivalent value of Turkish money in that of other countries, or toascertnin its real value here. They might as well try to square the circle ur discover per- petual motion, ‘THE CHANGERS OF MONEY, But, stop; there 1s one class of Goauciers here who could possibly cut this gordian knot if they we: disposed, I mean the sarafs, or money chi These, for the most part, are Greeks, Armeni: urse, Jews, It di not require much or an extensive site, to set up as a money changer in this part of the world. About filty dollars is euough for the former, and three fees square on tho street, in out-of-the-way cor- ners of the entrances to larger establishments, or half under ground, in a locality erst covered by an area rating, will meet the reguiremenis of the latter, ‘hen a man makes a start in this line of business—and it 18 @ profession which 18 much in favor with certain clazses here, who look forward to the time when they can embark in it just as an English tootman or butler forward to the time when he sual saved up cnoagh to start life in that little “pubic”? round the corner upon which ho bas had bis eye for along ume— be buysa table, about eighteen inches squure, sets up @ small glass case, in which he distributes his capital of $50 or thereabouts in u lira or two, some medjediebs, beshlike and piustres, a bandtul of roubles and @ eprinkhog of cotns with the effigy of Victoria, the Kaiser William, Francis Joseph or otner crowned heads, and everything 18 ready for business, He doves not look tor customers, nothe! All the looking is for, as the lawyers say, “the other side’ to do, but when they have discovered his often retired rotreat, he changes their dibras, or whatever they wish, at a’ slight percentage, and it he happens to be lucky, 1 am told by one of the ‘oldest inuabitants,” he can realize from twenty to thirty di larsaweek. ‘This, of course, upplies to men who have been for some time established in the business and who have added thereto a littic bill discounting, &. BELLING BALARIEM IN ADVANCH. It is this (hat pays, and it 18 @ discredit to any so- culled civilized governinent that those sarals should be aflorded the chance of making money in the man- ner they do, To explain; insolvent though Turkey is, tt occasionally pays its employés, nominally, ouce a month, In reality there are about three or four months’ salary due to them at the present time, Not long since five months’ arrears were due, but then the Porte knocked off a month indiscriminately from the pay of its offer and kindly gave them credit in the javing subscribed the amount toward the war expenses, The cle: in the government off and other employés of the Sublime Porte vanuot on air apy more in this country than they could in an- otner, and, consequently, they have. recourse to the sara(s to assist them over the difficulty. The sarais make thom udvances on account of their saluries at, to the clerks, a ruinous rate of interest, The securi given 18 an order on the head of the bureau to receive the mongy, which order 1s, of course, handed in to the departinent belore pay any. It generally happens that the sarai has a friend in the department, who, 1n con- sideration of @ certain amount of that ali powerlul agent backsheesb, manages to accelerate the move- ment of the slowly revolving wheels of the Turkish adininistration, and in consequence ho receives his money much sooner than the clerk would have don Toe name of these sarais is legion. ln some ol the streets of Galutea or Stumboul they are to be ound sitting two or three in a row, und yet there seems to be business enough for tpcm all, Sometimes, of course, they over-speculate and tind themseives in a state of imsolvency. Isut this does not troubie them much, for they just movo off their tables to another site and trust to Providence that their creditors will not dis- cover them and make them go through the useless formality of passing through the bankruptcy court. Hore, in Constantinople, where the customers principally civilians, Ung but in the interior, wher atthe mercy of toe guptiohs, disputes, as I are of Irequent oc- currence, and itis certain thatthe money changer, being a Christian, gets the worst of it, Habits and cusioms change so little in the Kast that oiten, as I pass the saral’s little tables, 1 thiuk tbat they must havo been built upon the same model as those which centuries ago were “overturned in the Temple.” Misunder- standings occurred even at that time, but the broken heads which often follow a dispute with tho sarais of to-day, ulways have something to do with paper money; then, far as we Know, caime did not exist. TEST INSURANCE SUITS, = CAN A COMPANY BE COMPELLED TO PAY A POLICY WHERE THE HOLDEB WAS KILLED DURING A PRIVATE QUARBEL? Gosuns, N. Y., April 6, 1877. The courts will soon decide another interesting case, which has grown out of the fumous Berdell-Murray tragedy, 1t will be remembered that the Murrays and Barnards, with whom Erie’s ex-Presidert, Robert H. Berdell, became connected by marzigge, grew to be very insolent toward Mr, Berdell on account ot alleged fam- ily difflculties, Wisner Murray, the late President of this village, who married a eister of Mr, Berdell’s wife, took a very active part in the aggressive warfare upon Mr. Berdell, and, as the latter says, hounded him upon every favorable occasion that pre- sented itselt, heaping insult upon insult un- til bis conduct and actions became almost unbearable, However, Mr. Berdell stood it all, and with calm serenity and pationce awaited events that were to bappen in due course of law. Murray's insults were ulleged to be very frequent, upon ferryboats, cars and streets—in fact, wherever and whenever they met, Finally, he becane emboldened ata fancied wrong committed by Mr. Berdell, and then concluded to have rovenge by flogging Mr. Berdell with a rawhide, Ac- cordingly, accompanied by bis brother, they lay in wait at the Goshen depot for the arrival of the New- burg and Ulster county express, upon which 1 wi expected Mr, Berdell would be. He came as expected, and, no sooner had he left the train, than Wisner Murray’s brother pinioned hima whiio Wisner applied the cowlide vigorously across Mr. Ber- deii’s face aod head, cutting a deep gasb at every stroke and making a most pitiavle sight of the man they a tacked, Br. Berdolt loosened himself and the at- tacking party fled, but before he got out of narm’s way Berdell nad lodged a bullet in his brain. Ho died aud Gorhen was berett of a President, Tneso ure the Plain facts connected with the tragedy, and the suit that 13 soon to be tried is the vatcoming of it. Wisoer Murray before he died had a policy for $6,000 placed upon his life in the New York Life Insurance Company. The executors of tho estate, his widuw, Gertrude Murray and Heory G. Wisner, are now anx- ious to obtain the $6,000, but the company says no; be jeopardized his life by attuckiog Mr. Berdell, and they Tefuse to pay the amount of the policy, The suit has been instituted to recover the $6,000, and it will soon be brougut to trial. ANOTHER CASE IN POINT, ‘The case of Wolff vs. the Connecticut Lile insurance Company, Circutt Court, Judge Boyle presiding, at St. Louis, 1s @ similar one. The deceased was one ldrat Wolff, of Madison county, Lil., upon whose life an 1: surance was effected for $2,500, The evidence ut the trial showod that the deceased was killed by a biow upon the head tnflicted by one made an unprovoked assault upon Kanli, who, to save bis own life, killed bis assailant. The plaintlf claimed that the policy was not annyllea by this act, The defence contended that when the deceased volun- tarily and reckiessly placed his hie im jeopardy and toolbardy uct the policy was forfeited, The jury took this view of itand gave a verdict for the defendant. One of the stipulations in the New York Life In- surance Company's policy 18 similar to that of the Connecticut—Lamoly, that it was to be void in tho event of the insured committing an act jeopardizing is lle, as Murray did, or in Violating the Jaws of the State. EXAMINATION OF LAW sTUDEN®S. About fifty students of the University Law School will be examined for the degree of LL. B. early in May next. The committecs selected by a meeting of the alumni are as follows;—On Written Examinations— Hon. I’. P, Good, Messrs, Meyers and Platz. Ou Oral Ex- aminatious—Henry E. Davies, LL.D. ; Messrs, Chauncey B. Ripley, Sumuel B. Sewar nd George ©, Coflin, On Essays—Messrs, Joon H. Strahan, Hunt, Tomi son and Fletcher. The attendance at the meeting o! the alumni was unusually large and the schoul is In a flourishing condition, UNFEMININE CONDUCT. A middieaged woman giving the name of Annie Hall was charged, at the Tombs Police Court yesterday, with picking the pocket of Sara McEvoy of $7, The complainant was looking into a store window, when tho prisoner, it i# alleged, came up bebind and picked her pocket. The prisoner pleaded that she was iwloxicated at the time, and did not know what sbe was doing. She was held in $500 bail, ROONEY'S ROW, Daniel Rooney, of No. 128 East Fourteonth street, who is charged with assauiting Officer Lawior, of the Nineteenth precinct, on Saturday morning, proved by his counsel that the officer bad made the first on- slaught, Judge Smith, before whom he was arraigned werday, sent the case to Special Sessions, as tho evide was conflicting, aud reduced Ruoney’s bail from $500 to $300, Kanhi; that Woltf | OUR COMPLAINT BOOK. 4 PERTINENT QUERY, To tax Epirom oy tax HERALD:— , How is it about the Industrial Exhibition Company ? It appears to have no office, and the officers themselves tain agents of the ‘company’ appears to continue. Something would seem to be entirely wrong about this thing—the company continuing to receive money from the public an reol, nor paying ‘any back when the same becomes due, Is there no complaint because those “sold” prefer to suffer in silence? LAW AGENT. RAILROAD ACCOMMODATION. To rus Error or tae Hrraup:— Will you please ask the Delaware and Lackawanna road why they do notrunon time? I wasat the de- pot at twenty minutes to ten last night, the train was to leave at quarter to ten, yet the ticket office was not open and { could not get to Newark, for | was told the train Is this rignt? | holda ticket on tho Pennsylvania Railroad, aud bad already purchased 4 single ticket on tbe Delnware and Lackawanoda, from Christopher street, New York. spoke to the ferry peopie nd was told that although it was an outrage 1 ad no alternative but to go on some other road. H. M. K, To rum Epiton oy THe HERALD:— © Will you please permit me a small space in your «Complaint Book” to state facts in reference to the bad management of the Elevated Raliroad? I patronize this road daily, and in the afternoon after five o'clock, at the Franklin streetstation, I am compelled to wait and view ter train pass without stopping, O casionally a train will stop and lum notitiod it does not go above Thirtieth street. Now, 1 would like to know why this road can’t icsue transfer tickets, so that those going above Thirtieth street can transier at that place Where there 18 plenty of room. If the through trains get their compiement of passengera below Franklin street, let the passengers at that point take another train cod transier above, Will the managers of the road look into this matter? REGULAR RIDER, LAND SHARKS AND SEAMEN, To tax Epiror ov Tux Heravp:— Allow me a space in your ‘‘Complaint Book” to make my grievances public, as I see with pleasure and grati- tude that your valuable paper 1s always in favor of the weak and wronged. My being of tho seafaring class, and about five weeks ashore, | have bad a good oppor- tunity to observe how the shipping of seamen Is to-day conducted in South street by those different shipping agents, most of whom nave combined with the prin- ciple sailors’ boarding house keepers to ship nobody but their boarders and to take @ fee of from $5 to $10 irom those poor men, thus throwing men boarding at home or married men out ot employment, The thing jone like tuis:— Tbe ebipping ugeni will go to some ler of a vessel and offer tim, for every man he wants, trom $5 to $6, and, if accepted, extorts from $8 to $10 from the sailor, with the consent of his board. jog house master, By this method po married sailor ab make a living or provide for bis family. Tho Shipping act passoa by Congress is in force in every seaport uf the United States, except Now York, Can- not the aut remedy this evil and do away with these few sharks in South street? or are tbey waiting for the raising of a second Plimsoll? A SAILOM. A RUFFIANLY CONDUCTOR. To Tay Epitor or THe HeraLy:— Itbink a word in time against tho rudeness of our stroet car conductors would not be out of place, Ladies generally riding in tho street cars bave to submit to annoyances by conductors or leave the curs 1 wasa passenger on car No. 35 of Broadway line to-day (Thursday) omshe down trip after five o’clovk P, M. I got in at Thirty-seventh street and was the only pas- wopger at the time. The air boiug damp and chilly, and | feeling indisposed, when | got seated in the cur, alter having gone a little way down, the conductor having tbe car door opon,I being cold, civilly asked him to ciose tue door, He heeded not my request, and 1 waited until another passenger got in ie when 1 myself got up trom the ead of the car nearest the driver, whero | was seated, und closedthe door, When Tdid this the conductor looked daggers at mo, but made ho protest, likely from tear of the genvieman. A third passenger got in. He caine 1n to collect the fares: and left the dour open, when Lagaiw kindiy requested bim to shut it or 1 would, He replied that he would not, lasked him why. Said he, standing over me and mimicking me, “Beoause it is very warm.” [ said 1 would close the door, Suid he. , you won't; Td hike to geo you,” and not until this lady (the third passenger) spoke to him did be desist from insulung me and close the door, AN ARDENI ADMIRER OF YOUR PAPER. ABOUT A CHANDELIER. To tae Epitor ov THe HeRaLD-— The chandelier in the gallery of the Academy of Music 1s source of much mnnoyance, AUDIENCE, REMOVE THE ‘‘SQUATTERS.” To Tug Epiror oy tur Hkraup:— That handsome building, the Jefferson Market Court House, that cost the taxpayers about five hundred tnou- sand dollars, 18 hardly completed, yet some fellow has taken possession of tol the front and built a stand there, Please call the attention of Commissioner Campbell und Captain Kenvedy to their duties in the premises and sce that this obstruction is removed ; also to nouly “squatters” in general that they will not be allowed to become a nuisance by the citizens of the Ninth ward. TAXPAYER, UNCOMFORTABLE MILITARY QUABTERS, To tue Epiton oy tax Hexatp:— The root the armory in which the Sixty-ninth regi. ment, N.G.S.N.Y., bave quarters, 1s much out of re- pair. When it rains everything is wet and made di grecable, owing to its leaky condition, Other regi- ents have dry and comfortable buildings—why not the men of the Sixiy-ninth? A goneral caving in of the old barracks seems imminent uoless sometning is done. A SIXUY-NINTH MAN, OUR THEATRES. To tne Epitor or THe Heraup:— I was pleased with the article by “An Old Stager”? upon the high price of admission to our best theutrea, I attended one of our first class theatres last evening where they charge $1 50 for » s I paid $1 and entered the first circle, and was told by the usher that the seats were ‘‘all reserved.”” I thon went down into the purquet, and was told that I could take a seatin One of the rows back of a Iine with she front of the fitst circle and near the Goor, I did +0, and enjoyed the play, The house was about bait full, und oi course many Vacant $1 50 seats. Now, would 1 not be vet- ter to fill the house at $1 than to have a ‘bexgariy ac- count” at $1 507 ANOTHER OLD STAGER, SILAS WEGG’S LATEST EFFORT, To THe Evirox or THK HERALD:— Ploase give the car drivers a show for a seat; Thev’re standing trom morning tll night on thetr feet, Such objects for pity 11's seldom we meet— Ub, give the poor drivers a show, There’s no reason why these poor fellows should stand, And no one works harder throughout our lund; His horses and brake, he as well can command Ditting down as when standing, you know, So please, Mr. Editor, give them a show; In your **Book of Complaints” let my plea quickly go, And let all these ‘grinding monopolies”? know That the people their rights will maintain, TENTA STREET. THE COLLEGE CAP AND GOWN, To tHe Eptror or tur HeraLp:— Having noticed in tho Henatp that the students of the class of '80 of Columbia College had adopted the cap and gown as a mark of college distinction wo would like to encourage them in this matter and at | the game timo call their attention to the fact that the students of St, Stephen’s Coliege, Annandale, bave worn the cap and gowa for many years, ‘The faculty Of this college encourage tho students by wearing caps and gowns, as well as hoods, according to their re- spective degrees. STUDENT. THE CROSSTOWN CARS. To tix Kpiroe or THe HeraLo:— 1 should like to ask the reason why persons having occasion to be out alter twelve o'clock at night on the east side of town have no means of riding over to the wost side? The crosstown lines on Twenty-third and Seventeenth streets are both stopped at that hour, A SUFFERER MILITIA EXCLUSIVENESS. To tux Evtron or tux Herarp:— Having a desire to see the Twenty:second regiment drill, and knowing that a portion of 1t drilied on Friday evening | I thought it a favorable opportunity to gatisly my desire, Having proceeded as far as the door 1 Was stopped by the guards, who imposed tno question, ‘Are you a member of the regiment” while ‘8 who wero In citizep’s dress passed in unques- jonod. Why are some persons permitted to enter and others excluded? KEPT OUL DANGERS OF UNCLEAN STREETS. To roe Eprron ov tHe Heranni— I had two children, a boy of two and a girl of five years old, both as healthy as any child could be, They both died the same day last week. If I were living on Fifth avenue I would have them yet 1 am living in First street, which has not been cleaned for six months past; and it is proven that both my dear children died from scarlet fever caused py the poisoh- us emanations of the accumulated fith and tong di cayed organic matters which cover tho street to a de or full foot, My case is not an except one; many other children in the same street died, and many others are still at the point of death. through the game cause, A DESPERATE FATHER. OBSTRUCTION OF SIDEWALES. To ra Epiror or tax Henaip:— Property on West Broadway, trom Canal to Duane street, has depreciated twenty-five per cent and trade bas been ruined by the constant occupation of side- walks by packing box dealers and junkmen, Is there noremedy? Policomen merely shrug their shoulders when appealed to, Please call attention to th rage and oblige PROPERTY OWNE MILE FREIGHT CHARGES, To tax Epiror ov tax Heraro:— 1 see by the Hxxaxp that air. Vanderbilt is regulat- ing the freight on his railroads. Would it not be well for him to regulate the freight on milk over the Har- Jem road? When the latter road first carried milk to New York they charged only one-quarter per quart, orien cents per can, It was a! Faised to one-half cent per quart, or twenty cents can; but when Mr, Vanderbi't obtained control of the Toad it Was then placed at one and one-half cents per quart, ixty cents a can, ‘hv read carries thoa- sands Of caus now where it did not carry oundreds then, Why such exorbitant frieght on milk when it bas to bo sold so cheap? J. GC. G. W. B. CRITICISED, To Tux Epiron or rar Heap: Tho proposition of the Pilot Commissioner G. W. B. “to cart (ho street dirt forty miles out at sea’ is not exactly in keeping with “Civil Service Reform.’? Why involve so great an expense when a dumping ground can be had for leas, and when filled would add another island of use and beauty to the harbor? Why not con- struct @ bulkbead irom the southerly side ol Jersoy Cny, west cl Elils’ Island, ranging in @ southerly di- rection ou the flats on a line of tour feet or less of water at low tide—about 600 feet long by 100 feet wide—which can be extended ax required, then at high water dump alt dirt scows inside ¢ : * c, C, HICKOK, MINIATURE YACHT OWNERS’ TROUBLES, To THe Epitox or tHe HeRALD:— Will you please call the attention of the Park Com" missioners to the great want of a place to store our miniature yachts? During the coming season cannot we @ small place in the new boathouse, such us the Prospect Park cluv bave? as we have to carry our ee to and from the park every day, Dear Mr. Editor, please start the question through the HbRaLo, and I am sure we will get it, and oe of MINIATURE a large feet YACHTS, STREET ANNOYANCES, “Firat Ward” describes the condition of Washing- ton street from Cedar to Albany as perfectly disgust- ing, filthy, and if not soon remodied will cuuse dis- ease, The writer bas complained to the police several times, but they have paid no attention to it. Having just erected buildings on the block at a cost of over $60,000, ‘First Ward’? is very anxious to have the street kept clean, The garbage, ashes and mud stand piled up in front of each house, “Hoodwinked Public’ writes to bring to noticea Point pot yet brought to light—viz., that for ail that the Street Cleaning Bureau have no dumping ground, they still persist in sweeping, which is a high handed waste of money, as the same identical dirt will have to be repiled; therefore the city is paying twice, perhaps Uprice, for one job. The Commissioners aro either mercenary or stupid. They should be judged incompe- tent to hold office, or expelled for wasting public funds, “A Resident of that Unhappy Localtty” asks the HeRALD to try aud ascertain what offence poor Frank- lin street committed against the authorities that she bas not been subjected to the olficial broom, scrape and shovel for the las, four months, “An Anti-Democrat and Anti-Filth Supporter” says that a most disgusting odor fills the streets at night and penetrates the must decent parts of the ity. He adds, ‘Why is this? In mo other city tn the world do such foul smells prevail, Cun it be that ih nerves of those who rule this city’s destini sensitive thun those of the better classes ¥”? “Justitia” inlorms ns that thro is one way to get clean streets, Let Mayor Ely do nis duty and remove the present Police Commissioners and Board of (111) Health, Some three years ago the Long Island farmers offered the city $200,000 tor the privilege of removing the dirt from our sir for manure. Now iet the Commissioners cremate the garbage and advertiso the dirt for sale, ‘That will dispeuse with the [talluns and encourage farmers to buy it and take tt Toat 46 the way they do in “London, you kuow.”? “Uaroling Sirect’’ announces (bat tt was swopt last Wednesday for ihe tirst time since inst summer, but the authorities have pegiected to remove the dirt aud fith, which was piled up ip great heaps two or three feot high by the # pers ou tho wost side of the street, Wiy is it pot taken away! ‘The street in its Gleanest condition is not very inviting, and in its present Atate is borrivle, “6, #, H.’? asks the Complaint Book to notily the po- lice of the Ninteeuth ward thatthe crowd of ruflluns tac! aro who ovngregate on i bird avenue, between Filty-eiguih | and Fifty-pind passes, ‘ bias Kile Sinclair” would like to ask the Captain of the fenth precinct to please keep the gang of biack- guards off Ube corner Oo! Norlolk wad Grand atroeis, ior they are a nuisunce and insult young ladies going by. “One Who Has Been Persecuted’: would like to call the aitention oi the police to the crowa of aristocratic Joaters who infost the corner of Sixty-tirst street and ‘Third avenue, and insult young ladies us they pass by, “Phomus” calls attention to the gang of rowdies who iniest the corners of Christopher and Bleecker ts nigbUy, Woo make the nights bideous with runken brawls, ANSWERS, THE LADILS’ CABIN BEATS, To tax Epitor ov Tux Herauy:— If my brief answer to “W. E. W.,”’ of Sunday’s issue, bad appeared early in the woek it would have saved ‘Douglas’ the trouble of writing such a long communication as that which you found space tor, ‘These gentlemen do not speak to tho question, whichis “geats,’’ Neither the “Two Piain Spoken Young La- dies” nor myseif desire the exclusion of the gentiomen from the ladies’ cabin; but we ask that when neces- sarily many must stand the gentiomen do so and allow the ladies the seats, If geutiemen are accompa. nied by ladies or meet a lady acquaintance on a boat do thoy take the seats and compel the jadies to stand? And again, if the seats aro all occupied, two-thirds by men, do they not fee! naturally indignant, particularly if the ladies are tired or sick?” If this fact 1s conceded then why not give the seuts to other gentiemen’s friends? The ladies ure all sisters, wives or mothers tomep, This is common courtesy if notjustice. T still maintain, however, that toe gentlemen have no right Lo # seat in # ladies’ cabin while ladies stand, 1 protest agai poking at all in any part uf a boat. It 18 dangerous im the extreme. L bave been made bervous inauy times b} g goutlemMen knock the tery asues off a cigar within a few inches of a load of loose buy A spark, lodged anywhere, togother with the teartul drait and Oring tle boat, would be attended with great calamity. “ramps,” smoking in barus, where they bave crept in to sleep, have caused nine-tenths of the fires in them, — It takes but a few minutes to cross our rivers; can’t the geutlenien deny themselves this dan- gerous luxury in the interests of public sulety ? Come, gentlemen, give up your smoking; make your cabin habitable for those who do poi, and porhaps—who knows t—the ladies may come over on your sido when their own cavin is full; and we'll stand, too, without a murmur, conceding your right tu the seats, be ae Sireets, insult every young lacy that To tne Epitor oF tak HeRaty:— ‘The two plain spoken young ladies thank “Douglas” for his sympathy in their cause. We do not mena to gay that we are opposed to having ‘gentiemen’’ com- ing into our cabins; We are not; they are always wel- come, but must allow us to have the seats. By mis- take we did “poke our nose” in their cabin once, and, ob, horrors! the perfume that grected us was unen- durabie, Your suggestion we twink periect, and hope the ferry companies will profit by 1. We are very glad that we pave found one Who wears that articie of ature (pantaloons) to be a “gentleman” (and a young one We Lope). Mr. Editor we think “Douglas? ve flattering, but we cannot beiieve all, they say, as they sometimes exaggerate, With many thanks for his kind letter, we aro suit TWO PLAIN SPOKEN YOUNG LADIES, To tHe Epitor ov tik HeraLoi— In answer to Od Lady,’ of tac 7ihinst. When tho ferry companies give gentlemen a cabin where tobacco will not be used we will vacate the ladies’ cabin, and not beiore, Let laaies visit the gentiemen’s cabin; then they will not biame us lor occupying their sido of the boats. DH. W. NO SUCH THING, Yo Tak Epiron ov Tun Heraip:~ In your ‘Complaint Bovk’ I notice a commu. nication signed “New Yorker’? making a charge tbat “negroes and low white mon’? congregate outside of the liquor store on the corner of Fiity-third street and Sixth avenue, insuiting ladies as they pase. I challenge “New Yorker’’ or any other on to substantiate the charge, Vermit me, Mr, itor, in | conclusion, to state one thing, and that is that my saloon 18 the resort wainly of business men, who al- ways conduct themselves with decorum both in and | outside of my establishment CHARLES HAYES, DON'T DISGRACK THE FLAG, To tae Eprror ov Tuk Hekatps— All honor to «J, Ward Murray” for taking tho initia- tive in denouncing the disgracetul purpose for which our country’s fla 80 commonly used—namely, that of displaying it as ao advertising medium from the doors of tia shops, second hand supply stores and the like, pricipally in the very slums of Baxter, Cherry and other low streets, Shane that tho flag in do- fence of the honor of which our torefathers died should bo used for such a purpose, Certainly our nal oie ees on Fey ripe indicative bd any o1 the thirteon original Stutos, nor ono single ser among the thirty-eight that needs vo be hidden _9, 1877—TRIPLE SHEET. ¥ | interests of the work, r have unless it be when Utah shail be eatitied to one of those bexven lighting emblems, which, God grant, may not be while she is the home of Mormoniwm. In the words of * * Murray,” “Why not pase a law prohibiting such a use of our national banner?” T. A. C., No. 54 Bleecker street, from view; nor will it ever POOR DEBTORS, To tux Eprror or Te HexaLp:— In answer to A Swindied Merchant” in your “Com- plaint Book’? 1 agree with him that it would be better for the poor men who are confined in Ludlow Street Jail for debt to pay their debts and not get in there. It would be better for the creditor to let them have an opportunity to earn the money and pay it, and it wotld save the taxpayers $20,000 per year, di- rectly, that they vow pay to give malicious, evil dis- posed persons the priviloge of tormenting poor debtoi without expense to themselves. So this settles the question in my 1 The law granung imprisonment for debt should be lished, Butif we cannot do thie Jet us have a Jaw that parties wishing to imprison poor men for debt should be compelled to pay the county charges daring their imprisonment, This would put an end to the infamods practice. VERITAS, “COMMON SENSE” ON THE FERRYBOATS, To tus Epiton ov tux HeRauo:— T have been very much entertained with tne long *and rambling controversy in your columns as to the rights of women to tho seats in what is called the “ladies? cabio’? of our terryboats, and also amused by the great misapprehension of the facts inthe case as evidenced by the arguments of the female portion of your correspondents, They insist upon their *‘right”* to the sents :—-There isa gentlemen's cabin; why don’t tho men stay in there?” “If they are permitted im the ladies’ cabin why don’t they stand until every female is seated??? Now, I will inform all these writers that the words ‘Ladies’ Cabin’? do not mean that the side of the boat on which they appear is for the exclusive use of women, but simply that it 13 the only cabin thoy are permitted to enter, If they want to cross the ferry they must keap to that side of the boat, and it is absurd to suppose tho words mean anything by whom are the ferryboats maiuly supported? ‘Not by women, surely, Count tho passengers on a ferry- boat in tho crowded portion of the day—the time when the seating accommodations are inadequate— and you will fod from eight to ten gentlemen to one female. 1s one-half of the boat to be set wside for the use of one-ergbth of the passengers? Jn Do country in the world have females been treated with greater courtesy than in this, and the result is that as a ¢lass they are completely spoiled, The erage female 18 much like tho average child, a father, when my boys begin to act as though the world revolved around them, I find a little rough treatment: has a vory benelicial effect. So with women. ore was a time when no woman, young or old, rich or poor, fair or plain, stood up any where with mo seated. But the ory of “right” bas disgusted me, and my courtesy applies now only to old ladies, women with infants tp theiy arms, or those carrying butdies. If every centleman will adopt my pind, the time may come io the near future when “Thank you!’ will be heard more frequently than now. COMMON SENSE, CAUSE AND EFFECT. To tae Epitor oy rue Hera: 1 beg to thank your “Complaint Book’? for the promptness with which the block in Twenty-second street, between Sevonth and Eighth avenues, was cleaned and the ashes removed, the same having been done on tho very day that the complaint appeared in your columns, ANIL-DIRT, To tux Evitor ov Tax HERALD: — The timely admonition of the Hxnatp had its due effect in stimulating the Street Commissioners to an unwonted alacrity in making repairs at the corner of Eighth avenue and Fourteenth street, Could they not be pefsuaded by the same influence to extend their efforts to Greenwich avenue, adjacent to the more fashionable quarter of Fourteenth street, The sewage Of that street ts dofective, and those obliged to puse through shat street can testily both by sneir olfactory organs and visual observation that the $2,000 per diem might be wisely expen in repairs before the sum. co engenders miasma and consequent sick- ness, For tho sake of the poor children who inbabit this neighborhood do put 10 a plea in behalf of the 1n- nocents and resident taxpayers, CG. THE PARK LABOR PATRONAGE. THE CONTROVERSY NOT YET DECIDED—PRESI- DENT MARTIN'S VIEW OF IT. The controversy in the Park Department as to tho adoption of tho systein of assigning laborers, embodied in the resolutions recontly passed by a majority of the | Board of Commissioners, was not renewed at tho moceting yesterday morning, and the ques- tion at issue between President Martin and the majority of the Commissioners consequently re- mains instatu quo, Under the existing system labor p tickets are issued directly from the main office and bear the superscription of the Secretary. Tho laborer thus designated then reports to the Superintendent, who gives him another ticket assigning him to duty with such and such aforeman, The latter makes his returns on theso tickets to the paymaster, who pre- Parcs the payroll in accordance with them, At a meeting held on Wednesday, February 28, Com- missioner Stebbins introduced a series of resolutions, the purport of which wasgto make such radical changes in tho labor organization of the Park Depart- POCOCK’S LETTERS, STANLEY'S WHITE COMPANION DESCRIBES LIFL IN CENTRAL AFRICA—BARKER'S DEATH-—Aw ATTEMPTED RAID ON THE CAMP—HOMI RECOLLECTIONS, Usui, Lake Tancastka, Cexteat Arnica, July 21, 1876, Mr Dean Uxcie—I should like to bave seen you be fore leaving home, but there were so many to see that 1 hardly know who I did see. Butl hope to see you are getting worn out from hard marching under the burulng sun and fever and other sicknesses, We have made 4 good round. Wo struck off from Ugogo an¢ marched northwest of the road of all formor travellers to the Victoria Niyanza, and reached it in a journeg of 103 days from the coast—a stout march. Yor would like to have seen the caravan when {i cawe to the top of a hill and we caught sight of the lake, I thought the black veterans would go mad with joy, ruuning, shouting, rolling on the ground, beuting their bullock-bide drama, dancing, singing, firing guns, &c, We had a rest for a few days, then put the sections of the boat together and in eight days Mr. Stanley lett us to expiore the lake, Me and the other white man, Fred. Barker, was left in charge * of the goods and men, But before Mr. Stanley re- turned poor Barker died fromchills Then I was lett alone, I may say; for then I knew nothing of the lane guage, and during the absence of Mr. Stanley three chiefs combined together to drive us away and steal our goods. ‘But,’ said [, “they shan’t drive us away for nothing.”’ So | served out ammunition to the people with guns and spears to them without guns, and they came close to the boma ol our camp, But I would not allow a man outside, We were just about to fire on thom when we saw a man coming to speak. He came to make friends. Woe made friends with bim, and all went off quiet, But the reason they did not fight was becauso they would have killed some of their brothers, for the peuple of our village all held our way; therofore we got off well. Weatayed at Kudu. ma four months, and [ was sont to Ukerewe to got canoes to take the caravan to Uganda, Ukerewe is an {sland about thirty miles from the mainland or from our camp, the largest island in the lake. I got ftty-two canoes from the Sultan Lukongio and returned ta camp. I wasthe firat white man ever on tho island, Itis thickly peopled with naked people. #lephants and tigers abundant. The people brought food for salc to our camp. Beads was the monoy; cloth was but very little value. We crossed from there to Uganda, and from there to the Albert Niyanza through Unyore, but had no place to bulld our camp, while Mr. Stanley explored the lako, as we did at the Vice toria Niyanza; therefore we returned to Uganda, and from there to Karagwo, and from thero to Ujijk We left Karagwo on March 25, and arrived bere on May 27, Mr, Stanloy lott on June 11 to explore Tan- gauika, I have not beard of him yet, go 1 cannot say where we sball go from here, But I will write again before leaving Ujiji; so for the presont I must say goodby. Hoping soon to see you, and wishing this may find you well and living 19 Cookham Wooas with father, I remain your affectionate nephew, FRANCIS POCOCK atham, Kent. Uncle Witttam Pocock, C! Ussst, Laxe Tanoanika, Centran Arntoa, August 23, 1876, My Dear Parents—It is pow nearly two years since wo left the coast, laid pot expect to seo or hear anything before we reached Ujiji, but here we saw no letters or papers trom Europe; not a word of consolement here we saw on our arrival. We found the whole village intectod with smallpox and itch, and many other d ‘8. This was not very good uews for us after marching for two months through mud and water, and no news from home, Wo fully expected somo letters, but if they were se from the coast shey must have been lost or stolen. Then, again, they may have passed here and followed Cameron, because the Arabs know nothing of our writing; all they know, it is white man’s wring (Kuzungu), therefore they may bave passed here, Wo arrived on the 27th May, 1876. On tho road I wrote one letter. 1t was sent to Unyanyembo, only ton days from where 1 sent it, We bad come within two months of the const, Then we struck off west to Ujijt, Alter reaching here I wrote mother. That was sent to Unyanyembe with Mr. Stanley's letters by five men. It 18 now three months since they left here, and they havo not returned. Their mission was to take our letters and to return to Ujiji with home news; but we have beard nothing of them, and it is feared they are lost. Mr. Stanley was ifty-one da} on the Tanganika to explore it. It is very large, feb abundant, and the natives are more of a friendly ua- ture than thi vages of the Victoria Niyanza, Them make trade with corn, palm oil, &c., and the Arai trade with ivory and slaves, which are brought chiefly to Ujij. ment as amounted to a complete revoluton. Under these resolutions, which included the whole work- ing force employed on the public parks, each Commissioner was empowered to issue labor tick- ots on his own responsibility, which tickets were to be sent directly to the paymaster, without the counter. signature of the Superintendent, and upon the payroll thus mado up the appropriation was to be disbursed, This, of course, rendered it possibio for each Commis- sioner to becomo a centre of patronage, and also lodged considerable discretionary power in the hands of the paymaster, who, it is staved, 1s in tho interest of Mr. Andrew H. Green, who 1s just now out of employ. ment, President Martin thinks from the introduction of the resolutions by Mr. Stebbins, who was for many years associated with Mr. Green in the Park Depart. ment, that Mr. Green was manmuvring, through him, to obtain control of the patronage of the Park Vepart- ment, The resolutions were passed, and the President filed written objections to them, declaring that they were contrary to the bylaws of the department and in con- travention of the statute creating the commission, and were therefore invalid, Mr, Stebbins also filed au opinion in which he disclaimed the construction put upon bis resolutions by Mr. Martin. The wrangle bade fair to be long and bitter, when, by way of reconciling the contestants, Mr. Wetmore offered a resolution that the contested resolutions be referred to the Corporation Counsel, which was lost, At the mecting, yertarday the question was talked over, and Mr. Martin suggested that, as the bylaws could only be amended by proposing changes at one meeting abd ratiiying them at the next, Mr. Stebbins shoald submit in writing such modifications as were | to the valid operation of the resolutions. T. Stebbins did not think necessary, and thus the question remains as undecided as ever, WITH PRESLDENT MARTIN, In view of the pending controversy a representative Of the HeRaLp catied on President Martin last evening, Mr. Martin preterred oot to speak as the President of the Board, nor in bis official capacity, and declined to put avy unfavorable construction upon the motives of the majority of the Board, He thinks, however, that the labor system embodied in the resolutions wiil be injurious to che eficleney of the force, and may result in converting the pubkie parks into engines of political warlare and incans of amassing political mflucnee, “Under the present system,’ said Mr. Martin to re- ply to the question of what operation of the new order of things would be, “ihe Superintendent has full and active control of the distribation of the men, whom he assign and rearsigns in accordance with the The Central Park, for ingtance, ia divided into three sections, each of which has its own foreman, but the Superintendent may at any hour of the day may detach men from one sec. | tion aud order them to another, which would bie under the’ system — pro. potent also to make the personnel of pecial purposes.” ‘the efficiency of nh, ‘hinks depends materially on the it re, whieh the new $a teudeney to subvert by rendering the men 8% Immediately Fexponsible to the superintending ollicer, It 18 manitest alxo, accoraing to Mr. Martin, that the labor of any number of men can be more economically managed by this method of superiatend- enee than by a method that tends to rendor acvual | supervision a mere cipher. “Again,’’ said President Martin, “the system em- bodied in ‘Mr. Stebbins’ resolutions opens the way for the aduition of a largo namber of names to the pay rollof men not actually performing any service, 1 will not say that such will be the result, or that any uch result is intended, the possibility will be vblished and will be take we of, It not by administration, by sor In response to the quéstion of Ww the final result of the controversy, Mr, Martin sai “That, sir, can only be determined at a future meets No definite measures to put the resolutions in operation were proposed to-day, but that they will be brought forward at the meeting to be held on Wodnes- day next [ am pretty certain. The project has not v2en Abandoned. It Only waits its opportunity.” Mr. Martin did pot express himsell. as very eanguine that the majority of the commimstoners would abandon their purpos le Views the whole movement as one jot Mr Gr dovices to obtain control of the labor patronage of the Park Department, and to wield i in bis own Hitieal in- terest, ‘‘Since the defeat of Tilden,’ said Mr. Martin, Mr. Green has intimated that ho 1 tree from all political compheations, and nothing 18 more likely than that he would like to make the patronage rk Department subservient to his plans '’ What are tis plans?’ inquired the fepresenta- Henaup Maggs be ion,” ona cannot pretond to apawer that question,” ga J President Mesum , <c th was likely to be My dear parents, we have made a good round bat have not yet finished. We have discovered the | source of the Nile and now are on the way to finish | Dr. Livingstone’s great task. We leave Ujiji to-mor row to cross Tanganika to solve the mystery con- | corning the Nile and the Congo, When we reach Nyangwe we shall hear more about it. We havo three \"ways to go, but which ono to take wo cannot say. , Anyway, if we can get to tho Weat Const from there | We shall be home in good timo, But if we have to re. | turn by Zanzibar it will bo along journey; but that will be best known there, We only hear of the road | southwest of us, but the route we want to follow wo hear but little about, 1 hope that by tho time thie reaches you we shall be done our work and on sat road home. There bas been much sickness here, but things loog brighter. Ihave had three severe attacks of fever, but, thank God, I am in good health now, and if all go well Lhope to see you again next summor, 1 often wonder aro all well, and that is all I can do; tor? seornt to be always marching under a burning sun with thiraty lips and tongue, but it is a life I like, there are 80 many changos, and 80 many tribes, so many cout tries, nearly all different. The-slave trade is carried on hore in a dreadful manner. It would surprise you to see the whips and chains, and the way the slaves arc treated by their masters, the Arabs. My dear paronts, excuse this short note, for 1 have much to do to-day, and to-morrow morning we shall go from here five days’ journey to Uguba; from there to Nyangwe, forty days; theh to the great river, about fifty or. sixty days; bat I cannot tell you all, Give my love to all and everyvody. 1 cannot mention names, You will forward the notes to Jemima Hod. soll and Uncle William, 1 dare say you think me lost, but IT am still in good health and bappy for such a climate, Onr goods are getting short, but we ha enough to find out the river. Our road anead by all accounts js good, food plentiful and good people, If we can get a road to the West Const we shall go, and the Wanguana will return to Zanzibar, 1 can assure you Lam longing to seo you all, to got some English food and more clothes and shoes and other comiorts that cannot be got here. Perhaps Jim or Harry will say, ‘Why don’t ho write to me?’’ bat I cannot write to all, 1 only wish I had one word from home; I would not care who it came from. 1 have written to George and William, and you must send my news to all tho others, But the neighbors, I should think, have forgotten mo by this tima Tam ine hurry, therefore I must say goodby for tho present, Give my love to all, kiss all the children, and believe me to be your affectionate and loving son, F, J, POCOCK, A OANADIAN’S OPINION OF THB DOG QUESTION, Qu’ an article on *Dogs RC, April 6, 1877, To tax Evrror or tun HeKat. In your issu of the 3d inst, 1 in Harness,’ in which you rathor pitch into Mr, Bergh and seom rather to favor vhe idea of dogs as beasts ot burden, Mr. Bergh L rather think 18 cor+ rect, In Englaud the question has been caretully con- sidered, and dogs are no longer used as formerly io harness, The chiet reason is that their feet are labie eral painful toring of disease from work on bard &e, So willing 18 the Gog to help do bis for his master if Hed under a cart he wil! pull away as b harness. You m ft As thoy do their work on snow the case is a Very dif ferent one. Dogs which for years—i, ¢., during the win. ter-—have beeu used io sledges along the north shore of Lake Saperior do not sufler in the same way as ant mals used on hard ground, pavements, Krave! roxas, &c,, though they often become very footsore, The horse and the ox which you mention have a hard cov- er al generally protected with as every one Knows, while the poor ainst hard work and ni > Is tho intereace not fair one that our foade? Surewuere te ao “amotoaas pt de aL