The New York Herald Newspaper, November 9, 1875, Page 3

THE POLAR SEAS, Captain Young’s Personal Narra- tive of the Voyage, + LEAVES FROM AN ARCTIC DIARY The Ice Pack that Bars the Way to the Northwest Passage. RELIUS OF FORMER EXPEDITIONS, The Causes that Led to the Pandora’s Return. OF ADMIRAL RICHARDS. The Perils and the Pleasures of Arctic Travelling. VIEWS ‘WHAT MAY YET BE DONE. Sr. James Srreer, Lonvon, Oct, 26, 1875, { Mx Dean Baxnerr :— You will doubtless ere this have gathered wome idea of our Arctic cruise in the yacht Pandora, toward the expenses of which, as anact of friendship toward Lady Franklin as well as to myself, and with that interest in tke work of exploration which you have always shown, you so generously -eontributed. Your talented representative, Mr. MacGahan, who accompanied me, and who was of the greatest assistance to us, apart from the special duties he had to per- form in his capacity as officer of the Pan- dora, will have informed you already of what we accomplished. I fear that the re- sults attained will not have come up to your anticipations, but you are too well aware that the chances of navigating the Polar Seas are so uncertain that it was scarcely possible to reckon seriously on car- Tying out all our cherished plans. One can only try to do one’s best. . It is unnecessary for me now to go into the details of our voyage, but I take great pleasure in sending you with this letter copies of passages from amy private journal which will give you some dea of both the hardships and pleasures of en Arctic cruise. THE OBJECTS SOUGHT. You will’ remember that the objects of our “voyage as arranged between us before start- ‘ing were, first, to ascertain the practicability of the Northwest Passage, and, by taking advantage of the experience gained by previous explorers, to sail through in one summer season; and, secondly, as in the accomplishment of an undertaking of such universal interest we should be led past that sadly romantic region about King William’s Island in which may yet be locked up the mystery still hanging about the journals of the Ere- bus and Terror, we might be enabled to search for further relics and papers of the dost expedition. THE CHANCES FOR SUCCESS. As to the first object of our expedition our hopes were founded upon the following grounds:— , It is well known that during August and September there is generally open water along the whole northern coast of America, from Behring Strait to King William’s Island. Captain Collinson, now Admiral, made nearly this whole distance in a sailing vessel in 1852-53 when in search of Franklin, and wintered within 100 miles of that place. Simpson likewise sailed through Dease and Simpson straits in boats, finding open water all the way along the south coast of King William's Island, and many ships have sailed from Behring Strait as far as Point Bar- zow, on the west, while on this side the passage is known to be open as far as Bellot ‘Strait, in Regent Inlet. A FORMIDABLE ICE BARRIER. ‘There is therefore only the short distance, about 120 miles, from Bellot Strait to King William’s Island, of doubtful naviga- tion. Through this no ship has ever been | -able to pass, owing to a barrier of ice that | has hitherto baffled every effort to | (penetrate it. Were it not for this one barrier the Northwest Passage would ‘be practicable and could be sailed through an asingle season, The first ships that at- ‘tempted the passage by this route, although | ‘whether by Peel Strait or McClintock Chan- mel is not known, were the Erebus and Ter- ror, of Sir John Franklin, and they were ar- xested and beset on the northwest shore of King William’s Island, and as is well known, abandoned after eighteen months’ imprisonment in the ice, having drifted in that time only nineteen miles, _ ‘Ot is now thought that had Sir John Franklin passed to the east of King William's Island, anstead of attempting to sai! around the west side, he would have avoided the Polar pack which descends McClintock Channel and im-* pinges on the west coast of that island, com- pletely closing the passage, he might possibly jor probably have passed through James Ross Strait with little difficulty and through Dease and Simpson straits into the open waters along the northern coast of America. Unfortunately it was not known at that time that King William’s Island was in reality an island. The existence of this open channel ‘was unsuspected by Franklin, and the charts then showed the iceland to be a peninsula. The only way open to him, as he supposed, was that through Victoria Channel, and it ‘was this route which he probably attempted. In the year 1858 the Fox tried to follow the lost ships by passing through Peel Strait, but only succeeded in penetrating twenty- five miles, when she was stopped by the ice and obliged to return out of it. She then attempted a passage by way of Regent Inlet and Bellot Strait, the existence of Bellot Strait being even uncertain. HOPES OF PASSING THE PACK. In this most successful voyage McClintock NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 9, 1875. tence nent lt vented any farther advance to the southwest. My reasons for supposing that this barrier might not always prove to be an jmpen- etrable one were, first, that Franklin is supposed to have passed down Peel Strait in order to reach the position where we know his ships were finally beset, This would seem to indicate that Peel Strait and the bottom of McClintock Channel are, in some seasons at least, open enough to allow navigation. Secondly, when the Fox was finally stopped by this pack an expanse of open water was seen beyond, which, if she could have arrived at, she would probably have been enabled to reach King | William's Island. My hope was that I would find this pack broken up, as it must have been the season that Sir John Franklin passed through, and Ihoped, if I had found open water here, to reach King William's Island without difficulty; thence, by passing around the eastern side of the island in- stead of the western, I would have avoided the danger of being beset where Franklin was, and hoped to pass through Dease and Simpson straits, and so on along the coast to Behring Strait. Thus it will be seen that the doubtful and intricate navigation of the Northwest Passage is reduced to a distance ofabout 120 miles, It is now known that the latitude of Bellot Strait, 72 deg. north, may be reached by proceeding down Peel Strait as well as by Regent Inlet, and as for the prospect of any future attempt, we need scarcely take into account any further | obstacles than might be met between the limits of that point and the north- ern shore of King William’s Island. , Unfortunately we were stopped by the same pack which arrested the progress of the Fox, although by navigating the whole | length of Peel Strait, hitherto found impas- sable for ships, we had approached it from a | different side, We had chosen this route in | preference to that of Bellot Strait as offer- ing greater chances of getting through the pack because we would have had better op- portunities of reaching any lead that might | have offered, or, perhaps, of penetrating between the pack and-the shore of Prince of Wales Land. The result, then, of our expe- dition has not proved the impracticability of the Northwest Passage. A more favorable season might permit of success. The pack alone prevented our further progress. Our ship was perfectly equipped and in better condition than when she left England. We had still ninety-five tons of coal on board, everybody in good health and spirits and very anxious to proceed. It was only the obstacles offered by nature that prevented the accomplishment of our enterprise, THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE. I do not, therefore, wish to protest against the possibility of making the Northwest | Passage. On the contrary, I believe it will yet be done, As to the second object of our expedition, our hope was to reach King William’s Island in time fora summer search for the books and papers of the Erebus and Terror, which recorded scientific observations extending over a period of four years, and would. have been probably deposited in some place on the land in or near the vicinity of the imprisoned ships, there to await another expedition, which would certainly have been sent for the pur- pose of recovering them had any of the party succeeded in reaching home. This supposition is confirmed by reports brought home by that enterprising and gal- lant American explorer, Captain Hall, who gathered from conversations with the Esqui- | maux that a tradition existed of some such deposit. When that great Arctic explorer, Sir Leo- pold McClintock, made his most exhaustive search in his extraordinary sledge journey from Bellot Strait down the east coast of King William's Island to the mouth of the great Fish River and Montreal Island, thence round the south and west coast, and thus cir- cumtravelling the whole island, the ground was covered with deep snow, and it is pos- sible that many objects were concealed that ! might when the ground was bare have been | revealed, and on this supposition our project was founded; but the same obstacle that prevented our making the Northwest Pas- sage also rendered it impossible to obtain | any further information regarding the man- ner in which those brave men died who gave their lives for the noble cause of science and their country’s honor, but not without | having been the first to discover the North- west Passage. In closing my letter let me again thank you forthe generous and disinterested way in which you have assisted my undertaking, | and the liberal spirit you displayed when } you thus showed that the cause of science is | of no nationality, and that you were as ready | t#aid an English expedition as you would, I feel sure, be equally ready to aid one organ- ized and sent out by your own countrymen. On our way back we decided to make another attempt to obtain news of the progress of the English Arctic expedition, sent out under Captain Nares, by searching the Carey Isles, and if necessary, even to pro- ceed as far north as Littleton Island, where also the Polaris passed her second winter. You will see by the English papers the good news we brought home, and which have, I trust, at least given some satisfaction to the friends of the members of the government | expedition, and prove that Her Majesty's ships Alert and Discovery had passed a most critical portion of their outward voyage to the circumpolar regions in safety and with every hope of success, Believe me, yours, very truly, ALLEN YOUNG, Commander Arctic Ship Pandora, EXTRACTS FROM CAPTAIN YOUNG'S | JOURNAL, “On the 26th of June, everything being reported ready fer sea and having taken in 200 bags of coal, we slipped from the buoy off the Southampton pier and proceeded round to Portsmouth, as I was anxious to soe Admiral McClintock and get some further advice from him, We had already received on board two bags of let, ters for the Alert and Discovery, in the event of our being able to deliver them or deposit them inSmith Sound, and a number of private parcels and letters also came for the government ships from all quarters. “Nothing could exceed the kindness of everybody at Portemouth, and Iwas much touched by the hearty sympathy which 1 received on all sides, and by the actually passed through Bellot Strait and arrived in Peel Strait, but was there again assented by a barvior of fixed ige, which pre- parting and well wishes of so many friends who had come to see me of, I had received letters from Sir ivorge Back, who most considerately wrote me som Dints about the route, which wil! be invaluable to me if | of our situation. Had I had news from Captain Nares I should get so far as the coast of America, and also frow Sir R. Collinson, giving me regular silling direc- tions for all those parts he had navigated on his inter. esting and extraordinary voyage in the Enterprise. Thad endeavored from the commencement to keep our little cruise quite unnoticed and had carefully avoided all demonstrations, but I was much touched and grati- fled by the way in which we were received at Ports- mouth and by the farewell given us, for as we passed out of the harbor the crews of all Her Majesty's ships gave us hearty cheers, to which we responded in the best manner we could with our little crew and by dip- ping our colors. “June 27.—As we passed Portland Her Majesty's ship Warrior signalled, “Wish you all success,” CO*LING THE PANDORA, Captain Young then makes for several days in suc- cession but short entries in his journal recording the direction of the wind, &c. He first meets with Spitz. bergen ico on the 29th of July, mm 60 deg., near Cape Desolation :— “On the evening of the 2lst we were almost sur- rounded by heavy ice, and were anxious to get into land water, I got up steam for the first time since Jeaying England and proceeded until nine P. M., when we made fast to a floe to pick up some seals that we shot in passing, and to get fresh water, of which we had been sadly in want, It was a beau- tiful night, almost calm, with a clear sky, On the following day I determined to proceed to Ivigtut to procure twenty tons of coal for steaming to Disco. The Pandora’s bow was tube! foward Storo, and soon approached the land, W |. ved at Ivigtut about four P. M, of the 30th, w ding that we could be supplied with coal, ar wishing to let go my > ‘.-7 in thirty fathoms, .¢ rding to the custom here, alongside the bar fhor, by her captain’s permist ... We found the Fox, my old ship, lying there, lovxs) gquite smart, and evidently kept in gooa repair, Iwent on board with Toms to havea look at the old craft which had been our home for two and a half years, and I felt an inclination to linger there, and even some desire to exchange for the Pandora, al- though ag yet the Pandora has behaved in all respects to my satisfaction, Immediately we were secured I gave leave to all hands, and notwithstanding the my- riads of mosquitoes, which rendered the shore intoler- able, all the men went on excursions, their principal |, desire being apparently to exchange articles of Euro- pean manufacture for anything of native workmanship, much to the advantage of the natives. They also searched for a cat, as we had left without one, to which circumstance all our head winds were attributed. The | result of their search was that we secured at least three cats, besides a pig. IVIGTUT—THE KRYOLITE MINES, “lvigtut is situate about sixteen miles up the flord named Arsuk, after the lofty island ‘of that name which borders the left or rather northern side of the flord. It 1s here the kryolite is found; the name Ivigtut was first given to this place by the natives on account of its fertility. It was first frequented by them for the purpose of fishing and drying the Arctic salmon, but was described on account of the increas- ing floating ice, Wo owe the discovery of kryolite to a peculiar circumstance, The Greenlanders employed the water-worn fragments of this mineral as. weights for their fishing lines, and in this shape the first speci- mens were sent by the missionaries to Copenhagen as ethnographical curiosities. Tho kryolite is found near the shore, resting immediately upon the gneiss. The purest is of a snow white color, without any intermix- ture of foreign substances. The grayish white variety which lies on the surface is considered the second quality of commerce. The kryolite mines are now regularly worked by a company in Copenhagen, which employs a manager to superintend the works, and sufficient men are sent ou annually to load the ships, which generally obtain a freight—£2 per ton—to England or Philadelphia. These workmen are relieved at fixed periods. They do not bring any of their families with them, and generally contract to remain three years, the mines being worked both winter and summer. The kryolite is used for a vari- ety of purposes, but principally for making soda ahd also in the United States for preparing aluminium. The Fox, so celebrated mm Arctic history, is now in the om- ploy of the company, and is used for bringing out sup- plies and relief of workmen to the colony. The kryo- lite is all brought from the mine (which is, perhaps, 200 yards from the sea) to the beach, close to the ship- ping stage, and is stacked in large, square heaps, as being the most convenient for measuring it both for shipment and for the rvyalty to be paid to the Royal Danish Greenland Company. “I was so occupied on board that I had no time to make more than avery short visit to the mine I then walked up the rising ground, being attracted by a large wooden cross marking the burying ground of the little colony. It was a well chosen’ spot, where vege- tation flourished, and away from the works and habi- tations, commanding a lovely view of the flord and surrounding mountains. The cross bore the beautiful and appropriate description taken from Psalm exxxix., 7-10: Whither shall I go from Thy spirit ? or whither Shall I fy from Thy presence ¥ If [ ascend into heaven Thou art there; if I Make my bed in hell behold Thou art there. If I take the wings of the morning and dwell in the utter- most parts of the sea i Lhe shalt Thy hand lead me and Thy right hand hold me. “It was with a deep feeling of sadness that I noticed |-several smaller crosses, marking the last resting place | of tho poor colonists who had left their native country to die in this desolate place.”” SEAL FLESH—ESQUIMAUX DOGS. On the 24 of August Captain Young records his im- pressions about seal flesh. “We have been eating up some of the seal beef,”’ he says, “‘which we procured in passing through the ice, and it is generally appreciated by the officers, but at present, and as might be expected the crew rather look with disdain upon it and do not seem to care for it. They will soon find out its value, as | i her bottom appeared quite uninjured, but we could not it is certainly the most nutritious and wholesome food in this part of the world, and by steeping it well and boiling it twice over it is, in my opinion, equal to very tender ox beef. “August 9—At Urjarsusak there were plenty of splendid dogs, and I bought a team of four of the finest for six rix dollars each, including the harness and some sharks’ flesh for food. Kudliset, arriving at the coal mines there about seven P.M. We mot a sloop on the way, with Esquimaux men and women, who were to assist us in coaling. Three of the women were remarkably pretty, They wero | stowed away in the chart room for the night, under the guardianship of an old lady, who was evidently the strictest of chaperons and would not allow one of them ‘out of her sight for a moment, “On the following morning, which was clear and calm, we sent all hands on shore, and by dint of real good work we succeeded in getting on board about forty tons by seven in the evening. POLAR BEAR AND CAIRN HONTING, “August 5.—We came to another incident—an alarm in the ship. All hands on deck, for Joo has seen a bear swimming across our bows, and has ran down for his rifle, A boat is lowered, It was a young sho bear, about five feet long. Poor thing. She made a gallant swim for it, and it was with diffloulty that we overtook her in tho boat. “August 17.—I am now steering for the Carey Islands, where I expect to get despatches from the Alert and | Discovery. “August 18,—Wo beat up to the northwest, or largest, of the islands. I took the first whaler, and, with the two casks of letters for the Alert and Dis- covery, left the ship and sailed toward a promising bay at the mouth of a considerable river or valley on the west side of the island, and we arrived shortly on the beach. We landed without much difficulty, “J sent the boat round to another little cove about a quarter of a mile to the northwestward for safety. Lieu- tenant Lillingston, Lientenant Beynen and MacGahan accompanied me, We immediately ascended toward @ cairn up on the summit, and after some tough travel- ling, and after crossing a small glacier, we came to al- most level ground, where we found two large cairns, Most anxiously we examined the ground with pick and | shovel ail around the cairn, but failed to find the slightest trace left by eithey the Alert or the Discovery, nor were there any sighs of the spot having been re- cently visited. The result of our search merely proved that the island had been visited by whale ships in 1867, and again in 1860, and the northwest entrance of the northwest ‘sland had been visited by the Resolute and Assistance, and 1 suppose in 1851 under the com. | mand of Captain Austin, I had gone nearly two hun- dred miles out of my way, and consumed ton tons of coal in my endeavors to reach this point and to carry out my promise to doliver the letters from England here, ‘THR MIAsING DRSPATCHES. ‘10th, —1 ranjdly tuagd over in my mind the yalure I then proceeded toward | stating that he had gone on positively, 1 would have | decided to beat up to Littleton Island with the letters, But in the face of a northern gale and the season fast | passing away, and” no information as to where the Alert and Discovery ad gone, 1 considered it farbest | to leave things as they were and proceed on my own affairs, as, if it were possible by any chance that the ships we till southward of us, they would pick up their letters on the way, and if north tney would prob- ably send down in the spring for them, if considered of sufficient consequence. I imagined Captain Nares, not having stopped at these islands, that he may have passed in a gale of wind or a fog, or he may have found ice around them and did not wish to delay by waiting for an opportunity to land. Our whaling men on board, of course, and as might be expected, suggested at once that they have been caught in the middle ice and ‘druv doon the cvontry,”” and this seems to be their one idea of the fate of every ship coming to these seas, , ANOTHER BEAR HUNT, “August 20.—Three bears being seen on the ice I went away in the second cutter with Pire and Beynen, and after shooting the old she-bear and one cub we suc- ceeded in getting a rope round the larger cub and tow- ing him to the ship. Now began a most lively scene, ana itwas with’some difficulty we got him on board and tied down to ring bolts with his hind legs secured, and notwithstanding this rough treatment he showed | most wonderful energy in trying to attack any one who came within reach, and especially our dogs, who seemed to delight in trying his temper. He was at last secured onthe quarter deck with achain round his neck and soon began to feed ravenously on—1 am sorry to have to write it—his own mother, who was speedily cut up | and pieces of her flesh thrown to my new ship-mate. | Tam in hopes that he is only an adopted child, and the great difference between him and the other cub war- rants this supposition, as being three times the size of | the other he could not have been of the same litter. “24th. —We passed a most dismal night, the wind in- creasing and howling in the rigging. Snow and sleet also prevailed as we scudded onward. We caught a ghmpse of the land apparently somewhere between Sergeant Point and Cape York. It was only for a mo- ment, and then all was darkness and wind and snow and ice, In the midst of this situation our bear grad- ually worked himself into a state of frantic excitement, watching the floe ice rapidly dashing past our sides, and in his attempt to get over the bulwarks he re- leased his chain until it was evident that in a few mo- ments he would be free, whether to dive overboard or to run a muck among the watch appeared a question of doubt, The alarm being given by Pirie, writing up the deck log, the watch was called to secure the bear, and I feared that during the half hour which elapsed the ship was left, more orless, to take care of herself. The whole watch, besides Pirie and myself with a crowbar, attacked tne unfortu- nate Bruin, whose frantic struggles and en- deavor to attack every one within reach were quite as much as we could control. by a fortunate event a running noose was passed round his neck and the poor brute was hauled down to aring- bolt until we could secure the chain round his neck and body. Ihad hitherto no conception of the strength of these animals, and especially of the power of their | jaws; fearing that the iron crowbar might injure his teeth, I jammed a mop handle into his mouth while the others were securing his chain and he bit it completely through, At last Bruin gave in, and beyond an occa sional struggle to get loose and a constant low growling he gave us no farther trouble. I ought to mention that in the midst of the scrimmage the Doctor was called up to give him a dose of opium, in the hope of subduing nim by this means, but having succeeded in getting him to swallow a piece of blubber saturated in chloro, form and opium sufficient to kill a dozen men, our Bruin did not appear to have experienced the slightest effect, and the Doctor, who voluntecred to remain up and expressed some anxiety as to the bear's fate, re. | tired below somewhat disappointed.” Ata later date Captain Young writes:— “Our bear ig getting more reconciled to his confine- | ment; but when we are among close ice he gets into a state of fury in his endeavor to get out of the ship, and our dogs are constantly worrying him by stealing his food, f BEECHY ISLAND. “Augnat25.—We sight Cape Riley and Beechy Island. ‘We see a cairn, with a staff at the south end, and we soon make out a house and boats upon the low shore, ‘The wind increased from the north, with all appearanco ofagale. I prepare to anchor, and stecr in toward the bay. Ateloven we anchored in twelve fathoms, mud andclay bottom. 1 went on shore with two of the officers to inspect tke place and ascertain the state of the provisions and boats. I found that the house haa been stove in at the door and in both sides by the wind and bears, and almost everything light and movable either blown out or dragged out by bears, which had also torn up all the tops of the bales and scattered | the contents around for some distance. The house was nearly full of ice and snow, and this. frozen so hard that we could not remove anything excepting with pickaxe and crowbar, and even then only the few things which were projecting above tho surface, The tea chests were all broken open and most of their contents scattered about. Many of tho beef casks had been eaten through the bilges and the contents ex- tracted. The whole. place was a scene of confusion, and the kitchen amere wreck. Icould not find any traces of the place having been visited by human beings since our departure on the Fox, on the 14th of August, 1858. The only thing I noticed was that a coal fire bad been made on the beach; but this might have been done by our crew of the Fox, or even by the crews of the squadron of Sir Ed. Belcher, A cask of rum standing in the doorway intact was conclusive proof in my mind that neither Esquimaux nor British sailors had entered that way. “J found the Mary, cutter yacht, in good condition; see her garboard for the stones heaped under the bilges to keep her upright. She stood in apparently the same position as when finally stored there, In her fore compartment isan anchor and chain, some horn lanterns as bright as new, and sundry boatswain’s stores. In her main cabin the sails are stowed in the wings, and beyond a slight leakage from the decks the cabin was dry, perfectly clean.and free of snow. The after compartment was ina similarly good state, and a set of carpenter’s tools and caulking implements were carefully stowed there. The ladder was in excellent order, most of the spars good. Standing rigging was alott, but no ranning gear could be found. I should consider that the Mary might be made available for a retreating party in about four or five days with the re- sources of Northumberland House, The lifeboat cutter lying by her was marked Ww N—1150 Oct, 1961. She could be made serviceable in one day. A lifeboat cutter near the house was next examined, She is | 1ying end on to the beach, above high water mark, and is in good condition, She would only need caulking. ‘The oars and masts are in and outside the house, The sails Were not seen, but were supposed to have beon torn up by the bears. This boat could be made service- able in one day, and is in an easy position for launch- | ing. “The canoe and the whaleboat on the south side of the | house are unserviceable, The iceboat on runners | could be easily made serviceable, ‘The flagstaff is standing, all right, In the pedestal post office there was only @ memorandum from Sir E. Belcher, record of our voyage in the pedestal, and a list of the provisions taken away. . RECORDS OF SIR JAMES ROSS, “August 29—T have just returned on board from visit- ing tho cairn built by Sir James Ross and Sir C. McCiin- | took on Cape Coleman, We (ound it without difficalty, ag we passed close along the coast from point to point, | Landing on a small piece of ice, we ascended to about 160 feet and found the copper cylinder containing the following record :— ‘June 7, 1849—The cylinder which cohtains this pa- per was loft bere by a party detached from Her | Majesty's ships Enterprise and Investigator, under the command of Captain Sir James C, Ross, Royal Navy, in search of the expedition of Sir John Frank- | lin, and to inform any of hie party | that may find it that those ships, having wintered at Port Leopold, have formed a depot | of provisions for the use of Sir John Franklin’s party suMicient for six months. The party are now about to return to the ships, which as early as possible in the spring will push forward to Melville Island and search the north coast of Barrow Strait, and, failing to meet the party thyy are gaging, will touch at Port Leovold who was | He was loose, but | I placed a | —TRIPLE SHEET. on their way back and then return to En; the winter shall set in, JAS. C. ROSS, Captain.’ “This simple paper, given as the record of a mere visit to the spot, really shows what a remarkable jour- ney Ross and McClintock made when they travelled on foot from Port Leopold around this unknown coast in the days when sledge travelling was-in its infancy. “It also shows how strange are the chances of Arctic navigation, for Ross was in the exact track of the Erebus and Terror, and but one season in arrear of Franklin's party, having abandoned their ships, and Ross’ impression must have been strongly against the | Probabilty of Franklin having passed down the straits, | otherwise he would have expressed his intention to | follow this route with his ships the ensuing summer rather than the north shore of Barrow Strait, “It was in 1859, in the month of June, that, having | completed the journey round the southwest coast of Prince of Wales’ Land, I again started from the Fox and reached Browne’s, farthest on the northwest side of these straits, and thence, in crossing over to this eastern shore, I met with so much water on the ice that I was prevented from reach- ing Ross’ cairn, passing about four miles southward of it. I returned to the ship with the greatest difficulty, having found the ice between this point (Cape Coleman) aud Bellot Strait flooded with water to such an extent that we were travelling knee deep in it and almost floating the sledge itself. I thus missed seeing tho carn, but I can claim to bave discovered, under McClin- tock’s command, the land on both sides of these straits southward of Browne’s, farthest on the western shore south of this cairn on this or western side, and to which point Ross walked, having Loft his party to build the cairn on Cape Coleman during his absence. Having left a copy of Ross’ Record, with another of our own, I took away tho original paper, and after carefully clos- ing the cylinder, deposited it in its former place and then we returned to our ship,” CAPTAIN YOUNG AND HIS ORITICS. ‘The Morning Advertiser was not so courteous as ita contemporaries in greeting the Pandora’s return, It watd :-— Of all the astonishing things, said that Journal, which have occurred in the course of Arctic exploration, there has been nothing more absolutely wonderful than the return of the Pandora on Saturday to Portsmouth, When she started in June from the side of the dockyard Jetty at our greatest naval port, it was with hopes high ‘and hearts elate. Never was thero a crew that seemed more devoted to a ship, or had more experience of ice; never were there ‘officers who appeared better } fitted to direct such a picked crow. The chosen chron- | ieler was on board, and was known for his daring | and his coolness in danger. The Captain was experi- | enced in Arctic work. What was there that could | possibly promise more fairly, save only the expedition | of the Alert and the Discovery, which had the resources | of a nation at their back, yet which were not, in their degree, better fitted and manned than Lady Franklin's, | Mr. J. Gordon Bennett's, and Captain Allen Young’s | Fox, renamed Pandora? ‘She seems to have done very well until she saw some pack icv, and then she returned, We trust she did not expect to ind the remains of Sir John Franklin and his gallant comrades without seeing ice. Yet, no sooner does she come across ‘‘a clogely- packed field of ice,”” extending ‘as far as the eye could | reach, and with every prospect of the ship being frozen in,” than she comes back. But oven this appalling pro- spect, seing that it occurred in the first days of Sep- tember, when ice frequently packs and opens outagain, should’ hardly have determined resolute men to re- turn, One story is that the crew resolved to come back. Well, we saw the Pandora’s crew, and we think there is nothing less likely than that they resolved to | do anything save what their captain told them to do. To say nothing of Esquimaux Joe, who adheres to the belief in which Lady Franklin died, that Sir John is yet alive, there was not on board the tight little craft a Single hand who had not been triea on many a cold sea. That instead of news of Franklin, the Pandora— Surely a most jll-chosen name—should have, brought 4 home “some Esquimaux dogs and a bear,’? must be | Yery gratifying to naturalists, but it can hardly be said to materially advance our knowledge of Arctic geo- graphy, or of the whereabouts of the bones of Frank- jin and’ bis noble crew. To this Captain Young replied, addressing his com- munication to the same paper, whose editor was good | enough to retract the impertinence of the former article:— CAPTAIN YOUNG’S REP! To tHe Eprron oF rH MORNING ADv: SER i— | ing things nothing is more absolutely wonderful than the return of the Pandora.” Now, to me, it appears that nothing is more wonder- ful than that a newspaper so influential and so well | informed should make such a statement in absolute ignorance of everything connected with the projects of the Pandora, and consequently of my own private afluirs, for the Pandora gailed ‘as a private yacht, the expenses of the voyage were defrayed by pri and all publicity avoided or at least unsought. = Tam, moreover, at a loss to understand your jufer- | ence that a coach may be driven through a stone wall | ora ship sailed through a solid and fixed barrier of ice, though perhaps your informants may have led you to suppose that such a feat is possible. And I was not aware that it is within the province of one of the first newspapers to canvass absolutely private affairs or to attempt to throw a slur upon the character of a crew have done their duty to me, their employer, in a most exemplary manner. ‘ ltrust, therefore, that you will, with that courtesy | and candor with which you are so justly credited, ex- plain to your numerous readers that the statement in question appeared in error, and without suflicient Knowledge of facts to warrant the inferences which would naturally be drawn from it, J am, sir. yours, &eo, ALLEN YOUNG, Commander Arctic Ship Pandora. No, 1 St. James street, 3. W., Oct, 24. {We very willingly give insertion to this communica- tion, and we feel bound to admit that the circumstances | connected with the sailmg of and the return of the Pan- suggested in the articlo complained of by Capiain Young, Weare not aware that wo had cast any slur upou the Pandora’s crew, but at any rate hasten to withdraw anything which can possibly be held to reflect upon the conduct and gallantry either of crew, officers or commander. —Ep, A. RICHARDS. Rear Admiral George Henry Richards, the well known Arctic explorer, wrote to the Times a very kindly and appreciative letter about the Pandora’s voy- age which has done much to enlighten the English as to what Captain Young has accomplished, The follow- | ing is his letter:— | ipITOR OF THE Tnrks:— Sir. hen the Pandora loft Portsmouth, in June last, | the object of her voyage was to a greatextent shrouded in mystery. Little more could be gathered than that she was provisioned and equipped to pass a winter itt the ice, and that she was receiving letters for the Polar Expedition which had preceded her a month, lt was known, of course, that Captam Allen Young was an experienced Arctic navigator; that he had some able naval and other officers under his command, and that he was accompanied by a staff of talented corre- spondents, naturalists, artists, &c., with a small but picked crew, equal to any service they might be called ‘on to perform. Under these circumstances, and with- out any bs oy! he quietly sailed out of Portsmouth harbor on the 20th of Jaue last for the Arctic regions. But Captain Young's aims were not purposeless, and ho did not leave England without confding to a few of his Arctic friends what his hopes and intentions were. lconfess I was among those who believed that he displayed a wise discretion in his reticence. The Pandora bas returned, probably, before many expected her, and though the incidents of her voyage have been ably and graphically depicted by the talented spectal correspondent, it has not appeared very clearly or authoritatively what were the precise objects of her cruise or whyshe returned. A few words in yorr calumns, therefore, from one who has no personal in- terest in the matter, and who does not overstep the bounds of confidence in writing them, may not be un- | fitting at the present time. It is generally known that the late Lady Franklin en- | tortaiwed to the end of her life an unalterable convic- H tion that some records of her husband’s expedition | still lay buried on King William's Land, off the shores of which his ships were abandoned in 1848. However much Arctic authorities may have differed as to the | utility of a farther search for those documents, Captain Allen Young was always anxious to gratify this natural desire, and, indeed, was the ‘only one interested in the whase private means would permit bim to do so. jore than he went so far as to purchase @ vos- sel with the view of carrying out this object, thoug! | from one cause or another his efforts wore frustrated. | | Last year, however, he succesded in obtaining 4 suit. Jin the Pandora, and, with tho assistance of one or two associaios who Joined him in | be strengthened and com| | service, himself assuming the he was probably encouraged wy, ance deen gradually coming over public opinion | Polar exploration and by the decision of the govern. ment to send out an expedition, Mis pretty certa that he would have bo out ow dante proj irrespective of either of these consi 101 Tho Pandora then left England, and passed by the | | usual route through Davis Strait and Lancaster | | Bound, but instead of sailing down Prince Regent Inlet | | and trying Bellot Strait, whero McClintock had been arrested in the Fox, Captain Young pushed down Peel | Sound usthe westward, which had scarcely before been | attempted by ship, but which was very generally be- | Hewed tobe the true gateway to the northwest passa | along thé coast of America, which Collinson, in the i | | frvareue | hough | 4 a Enterprise, 60 nearly ted from Behring Strait. Could the Pandora have passed the barrier of ice which choked the narrow throat of this sound about the northern edge of doubt in my mind which she reached, there is littl that Captain Young would have accomplished the northwest passage, and he would at the same time have bad an op) rtunity of re-examining the wostern shores of King William's Land under favorable circum. stances; but when be had reached this barrier and saw from an eminence the western entrance of Bollot ene, with firm ice stretching mght across Peel Sound, he saw that there was little or no hope of effect- ing the passage durimg the present erason. It was mau\fost them that be must either return or adopt | pe and southward of the point or cape about eight miles | Sit—I notice that you state that “‘of all the astonish. | who are most honest and respectable seamen, and who | dora—the latter subsequently made known to us—were | not such as to justify the inferences and conclusions | | LETTER FROM REAR ADMIRAL | the alternative course of seeking winter qui the nearest shelter being forty miles to the northward, In the latter case the Pandora not have been so ad- vantageously placed for as the Fox was an- der McClintock when he discovered the fate of Frank- Jin, and all at Seite — Seat On ae bee o to have re-examined, under less sin of the ground tra- y eed It must be adm} then, I ee . ond Jedgmens was exercised in the Course lopted, i accomplish with hist But if Captain Young failed to ere pard wll little vessel what has never yet greater means—viz., the passing by ship from one Ocean to another—bé has rendered good service to the government expedition, which deserves to be recorded. ‘The last intelligence received from the Alert and Dis- covery was dated from Disco, the 17th of July, and wa, had no reason to expect anything farther, unless from Upernavik—a short distance tothe porth—until their return in 1876 or 1877. Now, from Disco to the en- trance of Smith Sound, a distance of about 600 mil is the most difficult and critical portion of an 1 Polar voyage, and through Captain Young’s persever- ance we now know that the ships arrived safely at the Carey Isles, within 100 miles of Smith Sound, after @ remarkably successful run of nine days from Disco, including stoppages. It is true that Captain Young promised the commander of the Polar expedition that © would endeavor to communicate with the Carey Isles, but the ebances against his being able to do» s& were considerable, were periectly understood tat ve so by Captain Nares. Not only did Captain Young! go considerably out of his way to fulfil his promise onf his outward voyage, when he was late in the season and had an important object of his own in view in another direction, but, failing then to find the records, he made x second attempt late in the year, when his own enter~ prise was at an end, and against a heavy northerly gale ind very severe weather again. {etchod the Carey Lsles on the 10th of September and discovered and brought Away the intelligence whieh must have been alike satis- factory to the goverument and consforting to all who | have friends in the expedition, | From this information we learn dhat the ships left | Upernavik, the northernmost Damsb post in Greenland, | On the 22d of July, and that Captain Nares, by boldly pushing out inwo ‘the middle ice, had achieved in hve days what formerly occupied more than as many weeks to accomplish, with harassing labor, in sailiog vessels, | along the land ice of Meiville Bay. ' In a short note to myself from Carey Isles, dated July 27, Captain Nares describes the season as most favorable, and their pros- ts bright beyond anything they could have joped for; and an extract from a private letter. which has been put wt my disposal, and which you, may, perhaps, think will be of interest to your read~ ers, Speaks also more hopetully of their prospects. It is from Commander Markham, of the Alert, No doubt tha season has been favorable; but am inclined to believe’ that unfavorable seasons Were more impressed upon us formerly from the absence of steain power. There can be no question but that the prospect from: the Carey Isies was very promising. Northerly winds and a current of a mile anda baif an hour had ap- parently cleared out the ice to the north, and no doubt existed in Captain Nares’ mind but that they would be within the Sound in Jess than two days. This fair pro: Dect was corroborated by Captain Young, who observe the same favorable state of thlugs on the 18th of Augu: | and again on the 10th of September. Humanly speaking, therefore, the programnte, sof far as it could be laid down with any degree of ver- tainty, has probably been accomplished, and less than 300 miles {rom the entrance of Smith Sound would’ place the Discovery in the position hoped for. What lies beyond the 82d deg. parallel we must wait to leara. Im the meantime there is much canse for hope and cona- dence, Most people wil! probably agree that Captain, Young has more than fuldiled his promise—a promise spontancously and generously made and carried out at some sacrifice, The Pandora would gladly have followed the Polar explorers on the 10th of September, tempestuous, though promising, as the prospect was then to herj but those who know Captain Allen Young will best! understand the delicacy which. forbade him to seck # share of the honors where he could not add to the re- sources, and where possible disaster might have caused\ nim and his gallant companions to become an extras burden upon them. Iam, siz, your obedient servant, | GEORGE HENRY RICHARDS, Rear Admiral, * AvHey.sum Cios, Oct 23. THE POE MONUMENT. FINAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE DEDICATORY CEREMONIES. [From the Baltimore Sun of yesterday.] A meeting of the Poe Memorial Committee, Protessos Elhot presiding, was held Saturday afternoon at the Baltimore City College. Final arrangements for the dedication of the Poe monument were decided upon, ‘The remains of the poet, with those of his mother-in- law, Mrs. Clemm, have already been transferred from the old grave, in the rear of the church at the West- minster Cemetery, to the new lot secured in the north- wostern corner of the same graveyard. ‘The lot, front ing on Fayette and Green streets, occupies a conspicu- ous position and i@ sixteen feet square, comprising two single plots, given by owners for this purpose. These ‘were the ouly lots vacant in the cemetery. ‘The sod will be raised several feet above its present level, 80 ad to give the monument more prominence, and & sub- stantial foundation of brick will underlie it, Wednes- | -duy, the 17th inst., attwo P. M., is the time agreed upon for the dedicatory exercises, the chief part of which will be conducted in the large study hail of the Western Female High School, adjoining the cemetery. In this hall, ten years ago, the first efforts were made to raise funds for the erection of the monument at @ iterary gutertainment, in which several prominent ies took part, Tho order of exereises will be as follows:—Music, followed by an historical sketch of the monument, by Professor Eliiot, who will preside; reading of lettera from various poets in sympathy with the project, among them Henry W. Longiellow, William Cullen Bryant, Oliver W. Holmes, Whittier and Tennyson, by Miss Sura S, Rice; eulogistic address, by Protessor Shepherd; the recitation of one of Poe’s poems, by W. F. Gill, of Boston; personal reminiscences of the by Jotn H. B, Latrobe. Tbe assembly will then adjoura to the grave of the poet, where the remaining exercises will take place. The monument will be unveiled and crowned by a committee of the ladies who took part tm the first entertainment referred to above. The whole will conclude with a dirge by the members of the Phil- harmonic Society, who will also intersperse the exer- cises with music, one piece of which will be original and will have reference to the “Raven.” Cards of ad- mission to the exercises have been issued to the city and State authorities, to the teachers of the public schools and to a large number of citizens. | Among the persons who expect to be present are George W. Childs, of tha Philadelphia Ledger, and R. M. T. Hunter, State Treas- urer of Virginia, the only living classmate of Poe at the University of Virginia. Mr, Hngh Sisson is cha: with the removal of the monument. It is vo bic that a halt holiday will be given to the pupils of the public schools in the afternoon. PROTECTION OF GAME. LAST EVENING’S MEETING—SUGGESTED AMEND< z MENTS OF THE LAW. The first meeting of the Association for Protecting Game, of the present season, was held last evening at the house of the Presideut, Mr, Royal Phelps, about forty members being present, The President called the | meeting to order at vine o'clock, taking bis seat in the magnificent chair made exclusively of bucks’ horns and | fawn shin, presented to the association, In the course of his remarks the President said that the Committee on Amendments to the Game law had decided to recommendthe prohibition of killing quail dure ing the month of October, thus reducing the open season for killing this bird to the months of November and December. The committee was anxious to know what ‘were the wishes of the poople of this State outside of the city and in the Western States in regard to the | time for selling venison in the city of New York. It was now allowed to be sold inthe months of Septem- | ver, October, November, December and January; and, while the association disclaimed any intentior of goin, outside of the city to see that the laws were enfors it was DRTERMINED TO SPARE NO RPPORT to see them faithfully executed in the city, Deer can only be killed in this State, under vhe present law, | during the months of September, October and Noy | ber, and in Suffolk county only during the tirst fitteet days of November, under a penalty of $60 for each deor, December and January have been feo to be suffl- cient additional time jor getting the deer to market and disposing of them, but if the people im the localities whero the deer are kilied want a hes 2 or shorter time, this’ association would to | hear from them. As the law now stands in this State, the open seagon for killing quail is from | October 1 to January 1; partridges and praine cl from September 1 to January 1, except in Sui county, where it commences October 1; _ we from July 4 to Fobruary 1; trout, from Mareh 15 to September 15. But dealers are allowed all the months | of January and February to dispose of their stock of | quails, partridges and prairie chickens, provided the; prove that those were killed within the period by this act, or were killed outside the limits of Slate at some place where the iaw did not prohibit killing. After a lengthened discussion the matter wat The President announced that there were pending iw the courts three suits brought by this association for having trout and twelvo for h: all of which, now that the courts have resumed ‘ness, will be pushed to trial. On motion, the clul unanimously appropriated $2,000 to be made use of by the Executive Committos in rewarding and paying do« tectives and lawyers during the present season. te President announced in appropriate terms the de ao old and valued momber of the association—Mr. Ogden Haggerty. There are seventy-seven paying and four honorary members tn this influential the mitiatton fee of which is $50 and the ani $10. At the adjournment of the meeting the members were eutertained at supper by Mr. Phelps. THE HOSPITAL FAIR, ‘The net proceeds of the late fair for the benefit of the Free Hospital of the Sisters of the Poor vier Francis, in Fifth street, near Avenue B, exceed expectations of the Sisters, boing $6,700 The retura ae to bod hate “ateenk te own and also to tho friends, km ig ig eX | laid ovor til the next meeting. pecially to the generous merchants who ‘aided on by numerous and val tins to the stock of articles for sate, ‘The Sister Superior devotes $6,000 entiroly to ducing their debt on the land and the hospital bys,