The New York Herald Newspaper, August 24, 1875, Page 4

4 THE IRISH QUESTION. A Very Sertons —— Nar- ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION. Teelesiastical Influence Weakened and Eng- land's Fears of the Effect. IVTERVIEW WITH O'CONNOR POWER, M. P. Dvunwry, August 12, 1875. Tho London press appears to be realizing at last that Ireland has just escaped a vory serious danger—the danger of another furious outbreax. “How was this danger indicated ?”” you will naturally ask. Superficially no very extraordinary agitation was visible. The O'Connell festival passed off bloodlessly, at least in Dublin, There was some bad temper, to be sure, The eminent Cullen and the lordly McSwiney on the one side, and Messrs, Batt, Sullivan, Nagle, Downing & Co. on the other side, were not the most loving people in the world, Cardinal Cullen, they say, blessed his opponents every hour in the day, as your true chureb- man should, while Butt & Co. never tired of speaking of His Eminence in the most endearing terms during the very height of the excitement. It is true that during the procession the coal porters assaulted the amnesty carriage, bearing the banner on which were inscribed the significant words, “Remember the prisoners in chains.” It is true that later in the day the traces of the amnesty carriage were cut by order of somebody on the McSwiney side of the controversy. It is also true that at the end of the procession the amnesty people com- pletely retaliated and outgeneralled the McSwiney side by taking possession of the platform near Carlisle Bridge pod preventing the official programme from being curried out, Itis true again that the Centenary banquet was broken up in what might be termed an extraordinary peaceful row by an uproarious call for Butt when the toast of the “Legislative Independence of Ireland” was announced by the Lord Mayor, who, consistently enough, opposed any infringement of the official pro- gramme. But what did all these amount to? There was not a single blow gtruck. No man was knocked down. No shot was fired. No life was lost. WHERE, THEN, WAS THR DANGER? Twill tell you where it was. In the first place, Fng- Jand does not understand the yearnings of the Irish people for home rule. Nor do Americans, or foreign- ers generally. There is an impression outside of Ireland that all the talk and excitement about home rute are mere empty sound and idle hectbring on the part of ‘a certain class of political adventurers, like Butt, who at one time was a deadly foe to every na- tional movement, or like Sullivan, who some say is even now coquetting with the government to procure some snug position for life, like many another “fish patriot’? who lived before him. I do not fay this as representing my own opinion of either Butt or Sullivan, of whom I know nothing personally, The former looks somewhat like the late Horace Greeley, possessing the same honest and benevolent expression of countenance, and, they do say, talking in the same dreadfully trank and reckless fashion for which the Sage of Chappaqua was remarkable. He is a good, ready speaker, if not an orator; but I gather from all I can learn that he is lacking’ in the elements of a great Jeader. He has neither the force nor the brains to com- mand the attention of a great nation, nor to hold in rea- sonable check the most excitable people in the world, not excepting even the French. Never was the match- less power of O'Connell over this people more beauti- fully and truthfully expressed than by Lord O'Hagan in his undelivered oration, wherein he says that it was the Liberator’s great aim to “keep Ireland profoundly submissive to the laws, yet morally ungovernable; to stir to its depths the passion of the people, and yet make them shrink from violence and ontrage.”” A SECOND O'CONNELL WANTED. Rutt has not that power. He is popular because he represents (whether sincerely or not) a principle deeply imbedded in the Irish heart. That is all. Were somo bolder and more reckless leader to start up to-morrow and tell thefeople that the road to home rule is tobe cleared with cannon and musketry, Butt could no moro check the storm that would follow than could a straw resist the force of a tornado, Sullivan is aman who bas forced his way to prominence by skilful manceuvring and suave manners. ‘They like him in London because he is polite. They listen to him in the Commous because he generally talks sense, and also, and chiefly, because he is 80 considerate ofothers, But he is only one of those people who must follow a popular* movement, not head | it, or guide it, or shape it for his own or his country’s good. In truth there is no man in Ircland competent to the task of areal leader. Where, then, is the danger? ‘THX PERIL WITH WEAK LEADERS. In that very fact. The peril always is where leaders do not exist to check and control popular movements. Look at the first French Revolution and look at the Communistic rebellion! Would there have been so mach blood and outrage had there existed one real man and leader to put himself at the Clearly not, It was because there were too many weak men, too many mediocres and no man of commanding ability, that anarchy ruled and indiscriminate slaughter ensned. Noone can deny that there was some good underlying both movements—even the first French Revolution. But how soon the good was swallowed up ‘nthe evil! HISTORY APT TO REPEAT ITSELF. 1 say it is because there is no great leader in Ireland that danger exists, and it was very nearly developing in unpleasant fashion during the late O’Connell celebra- Won. These home rulers and Fenian apostles are con- stantly preaching about the wrongs of Ireland. They are insidiously teaching the peopie that the worst foe to their freedom is not England but the Catholic priesthood. This long teaching is rapidly bearing fruit, as did the ungodly doctrines of Voltaire, Rousseau and their fellows in France. The people are beginning to believe that the priests are very good beacons in matters of religion, but when it comes to politics they are aot to be trusted; they are false lights, more apt to | lure them on to rocks and qnicksands than into a har- bor of safety. The consequence is, too, that this con- tradictory teaching is bringing up a good many young Irishmen as absolute freethinkers, scoffers and scep- tics about everything but the one central idea that Ireland should be free. mach like Young France was just before the firs elution. YOUNG IRELAND INCENSED AT PRIBSTLY DICTATION. Consequently, when the home rulers lately raised the ery that the priests, headed by Cardinal Cullen, had taken hold of the O'Connell celebration and had resolved to make it purely a Catholic demonstration, Young Ire- land becatne deeply agitated. Secret meetings were held in Ireland, England and Scotland, and it was re- solved that “such an outrage’ would not be tolerated. Cardinal Cullen and Lord Mayor McSwiney laughed at the opposition. Perhaps they did not hear antil too lave of the deep-rooted hostility to their scheme to make the celebration as ultramontane as possible. Whether | OF not, it seems to be an undoubted fact (hat many of the young Irelanders both here and in Scotland and England termined to be at the celebration with concealed arms on their persons, resolved, if need be, to carrystheir point over the dead bodies of their opponents, Hada magie shot been fired on the day of the proc@sion Heaven only knows where the thing would have ended, Had O'Hagan persisted in attempting to deliver the eration of the day be would have been worn from the stand and—. plot, but the outlive of a plan actually resolved upon, THE APPREWENSIONS OF LORD MAYOR M'SWINEY. head of either? | Young Ireland now is very | The tmagination must ll up what might have followed, This is no sketching of a fanciful | relations of the Irish clergy and people with no satisfac- tion. This may seem incredible, considering all the trouble the Irish priesthood have caused Her Majesty's government, But it is, nevertheless, a fact, England sees more danger from the people left to themselves, without the restraining guidance of the clergy, than when they were led like sheep by their spiritual and political guides, Formerly government could count to some extent on the intluence of the clergy in suppress- ing rebellious outbreaks. And the clergy were not counted on in vain, I say not whether rightly or wrongly. But now who will stop the irrepressible con- dict? THE REMEDY. Only the English government can arrest ft, and how? By dealing justly with Ireland, There is no mistaking the fact that this extraordinary people will not be satis- fied with anything short of home rule, and if England is wise she will grant it, It will not do to laugh at this movement, Somehow intelligent Englishmen are ar- riving at the same conclusion, They see that, after all the centuries of repressive laws and persecutions, this straige Insh people is as untamable as ever. They see that, though Seotland has become the most loyal arm «of the empire, Ireland is still the same “morally ungovernable” member, This ungovernable member some day or other | may palsy the whole body politic, and, like skilful doctors the thoughtful men in England are beginning to discuss whether tt would not be the bost treatment to administer soothing and healing medi- cine rather than longer risk the peril of losing the un- | governable member altogether and possibly weakening, | if not paralyzing, the whole body, I should not be sur- prised to hear at the next Parliamentary session of Mr. Disraeli introducing a home rule scheme, and I shall be more surprised if that act of simple justice shall not result in making Ireland the most loyal and devoted part of Her Majesty's possessions, the strong right arm of the British Empire, IRBLAND DOES NOT WANT INDEPENDENCE. Tt is the habit to assert that were Ireland granted home rule it would only prove the stepping stone to in- dependence. I do not believe this. From what I have heard and seen I am convinced that the great bulk of the Irish people now realize that their country could not exist as an independent Power; that their safety and future prosperity and development depend upon the right to legislate for themselves; but at the same time preserving a union with England, which in time of danger would prove a bond of strength and mutual sup- port, [shall endeavor to more fully explain this in a future letter. O'CONNOR POWER, M, P., ON MEN AND MEASURES IN THE GREEN ISLE—THE PREJUDICE AGAINST LORD O'HAGAN—A HOME RULER ON IRISH ASPIRATIONS, Queenstown, August 13, 1875. In consequence of the complete collapse of the juggle to re-establish whiggery in Ireland, which it was con- templated to do by the scattered elements of the whig following in the great national celebration just passed, Iwas anxious tobe in the position of supplying the readers of the Hxraup with information as to the true cause of the failure and the influence it is likely to exer- cise in favor of the advanced national party in Ireland, To attain this end and satisfy a curiosity which I know to be widely felt in America, especially by the Irish element there, I sought for the source most likely to contribute the information, and succeeded in obtain- ing an interview with O’Connor Power, M. P., a gentle- man whom many describe as at once the most able, eloquent and popular man in this country. For the infdrmation of your readers, I may state that O’Connor Power is a man that at first glance confirms you in the opinion generally expressed of him—that in avery short time he will be at the head of the Irish Parliamentary party in the House of Commons. He is of middie stature and a stout built, firm-looking man, of dark complexion and wearing a full beard, which is black and flowing. His eye at ouce speaks courage, dash and decision, and beams with a fire evidently pro- duced by a well-stored, active mind. He is just THE “GAMBETTA”’ OF IRISH POLITICS, | the man of the age most likely to leave a mark for | posterity. As an orator he has few equals and is not | surpassed by any, and, as has been wittily expressed of | him by a local journal the other day, when he com- | mences to speak nothing short of the bursting of a | waterspout could slacken the attention of his audience, CAUSE OF THE DISTURBANCE. ‘The following questions, which I put to him, he an- swered in a quick and candid manner;— Qcwstiox—To what cause do you attribute the differ. ence that manifested itself on the platform between the Lord Mayor of Dublin and the people at the late demonstration ? Reriy—It was entirely due to the fact that Lord O'Hagan was announced to deliver the oration, and the nationalists knew beforehand that, as a pensioner of the English government, he would be obliged to ignore the efforts made by O'Connell on behalf of Irish nation- ality; and F see by Lord O’Hagan’s undelivered speech, which appears in the papers, that the nationalists were correct in their anticipations. QvesTiox—Did not the people wish to honor the memory of O'Connell ? Repty—Undoubtedly; but their complaint was that the committee would not allow them to honor the whole man. They wanted to honor O’Connell as a nationalist and aga political prisoner, as well asa champion of Teligious liberty. In the selection of Lord O’Hagan the | committee only recognized O'Connell the religious emancipator, who had made high places accessible to time-serving Catholics. | WHAT THR CLERGY FAVOR. | Qvestiox—What appears to be the foolings of the | hierarchy and clergy of Ireland toward the present | national programme ? Rerty—I believe the great mass of the clergy of | Ireland are in favor of self-government, but with the | | exception of Dr. MacHale and one or two others the hierarchy have, Iam afraid, but little sympathy with | the national party. However, the bishops, as a rule, | } are so silent on the national question that I would not | like to undertake to say what their views really are, | They may feel strongly in our favor though they with- | | hold expressions of sympathy. Qvestiox—What seems to you the most feasible and | | at the same time the most useful course for the Irish | people, at home and abrosd, to pursue to better the | | existing condition of affairs? ls | Repur (pleasantly)—That is a very big qnestion. | You might as well ask me at once to stand up and de- | liver a lecture on the political pri es and the physi- cal resources of the Irish race, But I trust you will | not ask me to go so far this morning. My own course | is fixed and unalterable, — I will labor for the overthrow | of English rule in Ireland while one link of the im- perial chain remains to fetter constitutional freedom of | the Irish nation. NOTHING LESS THAN LIBERTY. Qvestion—Do you believe that the settling of the | question of a university for Catholic teaching or the | adjustment of the education question would terminate Reriy—Oh, not at ail! the Irish people will be con- tent with nothing less than liberty. | rest of the money. try? declined in recent times, and may | jn the future, because the necessity for their interference | in politics is not so great as it was form people are better able now to fight their own battles sin- | gle handed, But in O'Connell’s time the clergy were the great champions of the people; and as a student of ned to lead the people in many a noble fight against governmental tyranny and landlord oppression THR RNGLISH CATHOLIC CLERGY. Quvustioy—Are the Catholic clergy of England as anti- Irish as the rank and file of the English people, and, if $0, to what circumstance do you attribute the cause? Reriy—No doubt many of the English Catholic It appears that the day after the procession Cardinal | clergy are anti-[rish, and the only cause 1 can assign Cullen beard of this plot. Like a good priest, as be | for their antipathy to us is that they are English. They undoubtedly is, be immediately visited Lord Mayor McSwiney, who was so much impressed with the idea | belong to the conquering race. But Cardinal Manning. | as | know from bis public utlerances and private con- of danger that be issued his proclamation postponing | versations with which be has honored me, is a sincere the Greworks “on xccount of the weather’ (?) government also bad learned of the plot, and was in | readiness to suppress auy disturbance tha might have I mentioned all this in my previous Jette! developed giving au avoount of the festivities and their interrup- tion, I repeat it now im order to afford a clear and con- pecative explanation. WOAT GOVERNMENT THINKS OF IT. ‘The Kogiish government observes the changes in tho The | friend and admirer of the Irish people, Of course he is too great aman to have bis sympathies contracted by national prejudices, and he can, therefore, do justice r | to our national character, There are many Irish priests in England, and they are among the stanchest friends of the Irish national cause, Questiow—Is the advanced national party in Ireland respectful to the clergy? Rariy—! have no reason to think otherwise, though the demand for the legislative independence of Ireland? | they do not believe in the political infallibility of the | clergy, and are rather disposed to act independently of them in political matters, Qvestion—If Isaac Butt or Archbishop MacHale were called upon to speak the O'Connell oration would they have been listened to, and if so why? Rerty—Mr. Butt or Archbishop MacHale would have been listened to joyfully. Either of those distinguished men might have been selected with great propriety. Mr. Butt is the leader of the home rule party, the only constitutional party now working to obtain that self- government for Ireland which O'Connell earneslly ad- vocated; but there is not a man living who could more fly represent O'Connell than Archbishop MacHale. His Grace would have been just TUS MAN FOR THR OCCASION, He was a fellow laborer with O'Connell, and he would not only have done justice to the Liberator as the champion of civil and religious liberty, but he would have exhibited in his language that toleration which O'Connell was always ready to extend to men of every class and color and creed, QuxsrioN—What are the prospects of the home rule party? Reriy—I believe that, with increased activity on the part of home rule members of Parhament and proper vigilance on the part of the constituencies, the home rule cause will shortly attain a large measure of suc- coss, Iwas assurgg a few weeks ago by a prominent member of the liberal opposition in the House of Com- mous that the leaders of his party would not care to re- place the present government in’ power, because of the difficulty they would have to face on the home rule question. We must keep the liberals out until they have removed that difflculty by undertaking to concede self-government to Ireland, RIOTS IN GLASGOW. A MOB OF ORANGEMEN ATTACK AN O'CONNELL CENTENARY PROCESSION—FIERCE FIGHTING ON BOTH SIDES. The London Morning Post of August 10 gives the following in regard to the disturbances at Glasgow on the O'Connell Centenary :— It had been hoped that the celebration of the O’Con- nell Centenary would have been allowed to pass over, at least in Scotland, without any serious disturbances} but, as was briefly stated yesterday, a riot took place near Glasgow, the magnitude of which surpassed any outbreak in’the west country for many a day. On the afternoon of Satu it was observed that the Orangemen of Partick fan to assemble in the streets in small groups, but as the evening wore on they became more united, and by eight o’clock they had gathered into a formidable band on the streets that radiate from the Cross in almost every direction. The Roman Catholic contingents belonging to Partick, which had taken part in the demonstrations of the’ day, returned about the hour mentioned, and their appearance was the signal upon which their opponents formed themselves into regular order, It was not long before the opposing ranks en- countered each other, and, as each side was armed with heavy biudgeons, the fight in the course of a few minutes assumed an alarming aspect. When the battle commenced the more respectable people residing in the vicinity secured themselves within their houses, while those who had shops in the neighborhood made haste to protect them from the fury of the mob. During the next hour or more the fight continued to rage around the Cross, and on several occasions a8 many as halt a dozen wounded men lay bleeding in an insensible con- dition along the thoroughfare. ‘The struggle for a time, in spite of its flerce character, was undecided, but ab length the greater numbers of the Orangemen prevailed, and the Roman Catholics, despoiled of their gala day finery, were driven from the field, In the earlier stages of the fray the police saw that it was useless to interfere, but on one of the factions being worsted they attempted to break up the ranks of the other party. ‘About forty apprehensions were made, but this seemed only to increase the number and fury of the combatants, who continued to carry on the .scrimmage until mid- night, It was at one time thought that the volunteers would have to be placed under arms, In tho evening there was a stone throwing disturbance, in which about 100 persons are said to have been injured. All night the streets remained crowded and the roughs made a futile attempt to break into several houses. ‘Our correspondent, telegraphing last night from Glas- gow, says:—'*The excitement arising out of the riot on Saturday and yesterday has not yet subsided. Fears are entertained that a collision between the Orangemen and the home rulers may again take place. Glasgow police- men are being sworn in to enable them to assist the Partick authorities. The prisoners who have been ap- prehended are being tried by the’n at the Glasgow Police Court. Two home rulers were to-day (Monday) fined two guineas each or twenty-one days’ imprisonment. Assistance Was obtained from Glasgow to quell the riot at Partick, and Sheriff! Murray, substitute of Lanark- shire, also deemed it necessary to request the command- ing oilicers in the Barrack Hill and in the Gullowgate to keep their men under arms. There was a good deal of skirmishing in the burgh of Partick, more especially in the neighborhood of the Cross, but beyond the fighting caused by 200 or 300 Catholics, who had come from Glasgow to tale vengeance upon the Orangemen, there was no disturbance of a serious nature, A great num- ber of prisoners have been taken into custody, and several persons, including the police, have been injured, Many windows have been broken, and a number of weapons, on one of which ‘The Sword of Faith’ was inscribed, have been found lying in the street. A body of between 200 and 300 Orangemen who have been parading the streets have been persuaded by the authotides to return home. The disturbances have not yet finished.” THE QUEEN AND THE CARDINAL, The Church Herald offers the following explanation of the story which it putin circulation with regard to the reception of Cardinal Manning by the Prince of Wales :‘‘We really take to ourselves all the blame that isdue, The facts are these:—The paragraph in ques- tion was sent to one of our employés by a well known clergyman who formerly contributed to these colamns, with the fullest assurance of its accuracy. Very im- properly our employé caused it to be set up. On read- ing the proofs we observed the paragraph, and con- cluded it to be copied matter, from it not having come before us in the ordinary way, and, until seeing the let- tor of the editor of the Weekly Register in the Times of Monday we had no notion that the paragraph which was the subject of Lord Oramore’s question in the House of Lords had originated with us. We have been successfully imposed upon, and wo desire, as is our duty, to offer our humble apology to those who are the subjects of the misstatements which thus found cur- rency through our mans.’ THE CASE OF COLONEL BAKER. The Ceylon Observer of the 26th June contains the fol- lowing:— Colonel Valentine Baker, whose name appears in asso- jation with a disgraceful charge in_to-day’s telegram, is a younger brother of Sir Samuel Baker, Somé will re- niember him as a subaltern in the Ceylon Rifle regiment, He was convicted before the late Mr. Dalziel, Police | Magistrate of Colombo, of being found at night and for an uniawful purpose ‘on the premises of the late Mr. Ritchie, The magistrate considered the case one which called for imprisonment, and the courageous old soldier, for Mr, Dalziel served as a private at Waterloo, refused | Sir Colin Campbell’s urgent request, almost command, to recommend a remission of the sentence, Then, if we recollect aright, the Governor remitted the sentence, on the principie, probably, involved in the song— 'Tis a way they have in the army. But it isa bad way, however the present more serious case may end. The London Telegraph of the 12th inst, says:—‘‘As things stand the sentence on Colonel Baker must create aprecedent, The next offender arraigned for assault in a railway carriage may be @ mechanic or laborer. There are two such cases sub judice, and, should convic- tion follow, the Baker case may be quoted, and its ex- ample may be peculiarly awkward. ”? The London Times of the 12th inst. says:—“We un- derstand that Colonel Baker, in sending in his papers, made no request for payment of the price of bis com- missiom, but sitaply desired to be allowed to resign his commission.” THE BURMAH DIFFICULTY. You might as well | expecta man who was cheated out of £100 and to | whom sixpence was returned to forego bis claim to the | the following as the text of the agreement between the | King of Burmah and Sir Douglas Forsyth : Qvestiox—W bat is your opinion as to the power of | the clergy in future political movements in this coun- | Viceroy of India that Western Karennee should be | allowed to remain separate and a | jesty the King of Burmah, taking into consideration the Rurix—The political power of the clorgy has, I think, | Yrude friendship existing betw line still further | | erly, and the | be Irish history 1 remember with gratitude the way they | TEXT OF THE AGREEMENT BETWEEN ENGLAND AND THE KING OF BURMAH. A correspondent of the Manchester Guardian gives In aceordance with the request of His Excellency the independent, His Ma- n the two great coun- tries and the desire that that friendship may be lasting and permanent, agrees that no reignty OF governing authority of any shall exercised or claimed ‘in Karen- and His Excellency the " Minister of Foreign Affairs on the part of His Majesty the King of Burmah, and the Hon, Sir Douglas Forsyth, , B. and K. ©. & L, on the partof Hix Excetlency the Viceroy and Governor General of India, execute the fol- lowing agreement:—“It is hereby agreed between the British and Burmese governments that the State of | Western Karennee shall remain ¢eparate and in- | dependent, and that no sovereignty or govern: | ing authority of any —deseription shall be claimed or exercised over that State, Whereunto | we have on this day, the 21stof June, 1875— | ing with the Sd day of the waning moon ‘of 1257 B,£.—aflixed our seals and signatures.” Several | minor matters connected with our position at Mandalay have been placed on a more honorabie footing by Sir Douglas Forsyth, who, although he passed “booties? through the palace, so far prevailed upon the court officials as to obtain carpet whereou to walk, instead of being obliged to pass over unswept s muddy passages. In addition, our e changing an objectionable form used by the Burmese officials m addressing the British Resident by letter. Hitherto the particular terms used in the conclusion of the Foreign Minister's epistles to the Resident have been “such as are employed by one holding a superior to one holding an inferior position, In fact the communica tion wok the form of an injunction.” Sir Douglas For- a however, pointed out the nocessity of recognizing the proper political position of the Resident as repre- senting the government, and the Burmese Minister will in the future address the British Kesident “on terms of eauality.’” | ROYAL VISITS. Keeping Kings at Home-- Gratuities to Royalty. A PRINCE'S BREAKFAST. The Real Cost of Albert Edward’s Tour to Fall on India. Lonpon, Augast 6, 1875, When the House of Hanover first reigned in England the great difficulty was to induce the King to stay at home, By the Act of Settlement the sovereign had indeed been forbidden to leave the country without the consent of the Estates of the Realm; but the obnoxious clause which contained this provision was soon re. pealed, and both George L and his son slipped over to Hanover as often as they could obtain a decent pretence for a visit, George IIL, on the other hand, an English- man born and bred, never quitted his dominions, nor, indeed, wandered very far from the capital Pert haps had His Majesty paid a visit to certain American colonies then belonging to Great Britain, he might hax thought twice before advising a Minister to tax them, and possibly the history of the world might have been con- siderably modified in consequence, But Farmer George preferred to stay at home, and his subjects revered him the more earnestly for not seeking to enlarge his mind, Englishmen of that day having pretty nearly all the an- trpathies which Macaulay ascribes to the country squire of the seventeenth century, hating Scotchmen and Irish- men, Dutchmen, Italians and Frenchmen with a pretty equal hatred, At length, on the accession of George IV., first Ireland and then Scotland were honored, as the court newsman would say, with visits from the sovereign. It was a memorable occasion for both coun- tries, Ireland had not seen her King since the gloomy day when William III, entered Dublin in triamph after the battle of the Boyne, and the reigning monarch had not trusted himself among his Scotch subjects since Charles IL. was crowned at Scone, with the covenant in his hand, and daily reminded by Presbyterian ministers of his father’s sins and his own. THE EVFECT OF ROYAT, VISITS is invariably described, in the courtly language of the press, as “‘electrical.” and it is not generally till a few months later that the sober chronicler of facts discov- ers that the elecfficity in question very soon spent its force—that is to say, the effect of royal visits, except under very peculiar circumstances, must be considered as nil in an age which is, before all things, sceptical and democratic. Scotland and Ireland both heartily wel- comed the chief of the State, who was a gentleman of fine presence and gracious manners; but the agitation for Parliamentary reform and for Catholic emancipation ‘was not stayed by the visit for one hour. The same may be said of Queen Victoria’s progresses, though it would be an orror,to underrate or to overrate their mfluence on public feeling, In her case loyalty to the sovereign was blended with chivalrous homage to the woman, and, no doubt, the cause of the monarchy always gamed by her presence, however slightly the general course of politics could be influenced by it, It may be doubted, however, if the effect produced would have been equally satisfactory had every visit ofa gracions sovercign to her subjects been accompanied by a demand for travelling expenses. On this DELICATE SUBJECT itis not easy to find constitutional precedents which apply to an event which is in fact wholly unprecedented, Fiz, the ‘visit of the heir apparent of the Empire to the Indian dominions of the British Crown. From the oldest times the monarch was invariably the guest of those among whom he sojourned, and was sure to be entertained with befitting splendor by his hosts, though gentlemen who had the honor of receivfhg the Stuarts at their country seats might have occasionally felt shy of making too great a display of plate, bearing in mind the severe “lesson which Queen Henrietta Maria read to Sir Walter Strickland. The civil troubles had commenced, and King Charles? Consort, having been royally feasted by the worthy baronet at a banquet where the table groaned Doneath the weight of silver dishes, Her Majesty, with many apologies, explained that she did not feel justified in leaving so much good plate to, fall, as it possibly might, into the enemy’s hands, and therefore felt com- pelled to carry it off, Wealthy municipalities would seek the favors of the King as often as he deigned to pay them a call, by a sub- stantial present of money, and Charles II, was not above .| receiving a couple of hundred guineas from the Mayor and Aldermen of Norwich. These gratuities to royalty ceased after the reign of Queen Anne, and were suc- ceeded by gifts of a more refined nature, among which may be cited the box of “candied eringo root,” which a worthy tradesman of Harwich offered to the Princess Charlotte, of Mecklenburg-Strelits, afterward Queen of George IIl., and which that lady was graciously pleased to accept. From the time of George I. Parliament unquestion- ably intended that the Sovereign should maintain the state and digmity of the Crown from the civil list, which was more than amply sufficient for the purpose. Such large sums, however, were spent in bribing members of the House of Commons and in manipulating constitu- encies that constant applications were made for addi- tional funds, and members, mindful, it may be, of thé favors they had received, always proved wonderfully liberal with the public money. Nevertheless, the cry of retrenchment raised by the whig party at the close of the great war gradually produced its results till it was taken up by the tories themselves during a moment of temporary alienation from the throne, consequent on the action of Queen Victoria in regard to the bedchamber question. Prince Albert could only obtain an annuity ‘of $150,000 a year instead of the $250,000 Ministers de- manded, and since that date grants to members of the royal family have been more closely scrutinized, thoagh in anything but a parsimonious spirit. Mr. Auberon Herbert strove in vain to make himself heard by the House when opposing the vote of an annuity to the Princess Louise, and Sir Charles Dilke incurred no little obloquy by his demand for an inquiry into the ex- penditure of the civil list, though he was but treading in the footsteps of Burke, who can scarcely be accused of any pettiness of ideas. If there is perpetual bickering with respect to THR COST OP ROYALTY the fault is hardly that of statesmen, who, in the dis- charge of their duty to a severely taxed population, are compelled to insist on a rigid economy. Royalty of late has fallen into a foolish habit of borrowing pennies, asking, for instance, $10 for the cost of conveying Prince Christian to Dover, and $234 “for a breakfast to Prince William of Hesse.” Majesty, however gorgeous its externals, is not impressive when holding out its cocked hat for the wherewithal to purchase a dinner, and the Field of the Cloth of Gold might not have been deemed so striking a spectacle by the public of the day” if every yard of gold cloth had been measured and the cost introduced into an. estimate, ‘True political political wisdom, said a great French writer, is a something which has never been put into words; much less, it may be added, into public accounts, It ig better to beguile people juto supporting the neces- sities of the throne, if its tenant is to remain an object of veneration, than openly to demand railway fares and pocket money for presents, which causes the vulgar to Jaugh. The Prince of Wales would have done better to have | paid the expenses of his Indian trip out of his own re- | sources; or, if the prossure were too great on his mag- nificent income, a grant from the secret service fund, which amounts in some years to as much as $140,000, would have been more prudent than an appeal to the nation, which is by no means so unanimous on the subject ag the vote of the Legislature might lead an American to euppose. And when the deficiency bill is brought in next year the country may be even less pleased. The very moderate sum of $80,000 was voted by the British Parliament when the Prince visited Canada, to which the Do- minion added $200,000; but this was the free gift of a $150,000 which will be taken from the Indian Budget. ‘Tho Prince's progress through India will, however, | cost the people of that country far more tiean will ap- | poar in any estimates. On the inbabrtants of the Na- tive States his vigit will really inflict a heavy fine. The independent Princes will receive His Royal High- ness with Oriental pomp and open-handed hospitality. They will send forward = an self-governing people, and bears no analogy to the | NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, AUGUS) 24, 1875.—TRIPLE SHEET, and while he is residing in their territories will gerray the whole expense of his maintenance and the main- tenance of his numerous staff. The labor and the ser- vices of the natives will be demanded of them gratis, and they will be more heavily taxed for years to come in memory of the visit paid them by the son of the Em- press of India, whom they will thus learn to regard with mingled feelings. Indeed a royal visit in the East is Sometimes intended as a punishment, Thus the King of Persia has before now expressed his displeasure with the inhabitants of a district by coming among them with a vast retinue and very literally eating them out of house’and home, ‘With regard to the question of presonts there is AN ANECDOTE about the Duke of Edinburgh which ts worth repeating. While thé Duke was making the tour of Canada he found among his tg 4 man who had served his elder brother in thé sathe capacity on a similar occasion. One day this person showed the Duke a fine gold watch, adding that it was a gift from the Prince of Wales. “Indeed,” replied the Duke, “it ts more than he ever gave me.” Such an answer is perhaps better than @ present for which the public is afterward requested to pay, and which becomes the subject of an undignified wrangle, THE GEOGRAPHICAL CONGRESS, PALACES AND REPUBLACS—-PRANCE AND GER- MANY IN THE PIELD-—THE AMERICAN DEPART~ ‘MENT. Panrs, August 6, 1875. When in the fulness of time “the monstrous faith of many made for one,” the genuine creed upon which royalty is built, has given place to the better ideal of democracy, in which the duty of each is to strive for the wellbeing of all, the artist may possibly ask him- self this question, “What is to be done with the palaces of the ancient kings?” In the future, toward which mankind must aspire, one may be permitted to hope that the worship of human idols, bedizened with out- ward splendor, will have ceased and “MAN BR LIKER MAN’? throughout the world. But the monuments of creative energy and of architectural beauty with which the earth is adorned will remain to be put to worthier uses than of old. Instead of serving as the abodes of kings, who are no kings, but only phantoms of a more or less lurid brilliancy, they may serve as receptacles for the great thoughts of nations, or, in other words, become the world’s palaces of art and industry and science. Such a reflection would naturally suggest itself to any one who shduld pay'a visit to the SALLE DES RTATS of the Tuileries, destined by Napoleon Ifl. for the sessions of a Legislative Assembly, which should be in- trusted with no more arduous task than to rogister the edicts of imperial aespotism. This noble hall was saved from the fires of the Commune and reserved to a hap- pier fate, 1t is nowadorned with tho flags of republics and empires, blended in friendly unison with the tr- colored ensign of France, and devoted to the exhibition of tho highest results yet attained in what may fairly be termed . THE COSMOPOLITAN SCIENCR OF GEOGRAPHY. At one end of the room tsa gigantic map of France (said to be the largest map. in the world), some forty foet long, with the territory of Alsace-Lorraine loyally, one might say ostentationsly, marked off. Right oppo- site is the German trophy of standards, against which the French standards seem unwillingly to lean, The “great nation” is always courteous, and I wish I could add that it is disposed to accord its present rival a hearty welcome on the neutral ground of science. This is not the case, Perhaps it could hardly be so with that gloomy map still staring Frenchmen in the face. In the German section of the Exhibition I noticed a young man who had evidently entered it by mistake. He took up an atlas which lay on one of the tables, marked the crabbed characters and abruptly closed it again with an expression of disgust, in which the single word “prussial”? was sufficiently audible, For, besides the Salle des Etats, there are thirty other rooms stored with the products of scientific re searches. The American department is not large, but what has been sent is extremely valaable Especially worthy of note are certain volumes furnished by Gen- eral Meyer, Chief Signal Officer of the Army, and which are truly marvels of labor and accuracy, such as thoso (four in number) containing one af of the large weather charts (tri-daily) which exbibi® with surpris- ing minuteness of detail, the varying phenomena of the atmosphere from hour to hour. In view of such dili- gence of research one is tempted to ask where the work Of meteorologists will stop. Already the prospects of fair weather or foul can be foretold with almost unerr- ing certainty. May not man, forever pursuing the same study with’ increasing knowledge of facts, ultimately Jearn the secret of the winds and direct, or at least modify, their course by the application of new discov- cries? 'It is more than a century since Johnson sneered at such a hope when he pictured in Rasselas the philoso- pher who vainly dreamed he could control the ele- ments; but then one feels that Johnson, had he lived, would have been as incredulous of the discoveries of a Fitzroy as he was incredulous regarding the very palpa- ble fact of the earthquake of 1755 at Lisbon. ‘The Seeretary of the Treasury sends various docu- ments from the United States Coast Survey and the Bureau of Statistics. The special report on immi- gration is sure tocommand an unusual degree of at- tention, Ind some eminent Frenchmen—notably General Faidherbe, who so nearly won the pattle of Bapaume—have given a good deal of thought to this sub- ject of late years, and would like their horse to obtain amends for her in Europe by colonial extension in Asia or Africa General Faidherbe thought, and with good reason, that the Power which held Algiers might well become mistress of the whole of the south- ern coast of the Mediterranean. But there is one fatal obstacle to the resumption by France of her old posi- tion as A.COLONIZING STATR, and that is the fact that her population remains sta- tionary. Since the last war it has positively decreased, without counting the lost provinces, so that French- men have the melancholy satisfaction of knowing that there is enough room in their native land for all From the Department of the Interior Mr. Delano sends a complete set of the census reports for 1860 and 1870, in seven quarto volumes, the figures of which seem strangely eloquent. They deserve to be compared with an interesting publication in the English Depart- ment, entitled “The Moral and Material Progress of India.” While in America, and, it may be added, in ‘Australia, the native tribes are dying out before the ad- vance of the white man, the teeming millions of India thrive and multiply under the rule of the stranger. It is robably a question of race, the Hindoo being, after all, Bat ‘a distant cousin of the Anglo-Saxon and speaking a dialect of the same mother tongue which their comm on ancestors once spoke on the tablelands of Central A» Before taking leave of the American Department I ought to mention that no small praise is due to Dr. W. FE, Johnson, the eminent physician of Paris, who, at the request ot the American Geographical Society, has con- sented to act as the United States Commissioner and to take charge of interests of our countrymen in the Exhibition, Dr, Johnson has sacrificed much valuable time and labor to the efficient discharge of his office, which, it need hardly be observed, is wholly unre- munerative and even entails considerabl expense. A FRENCH LAW CASE. EXTRAORDINARY CLAIM AGAINST THE STATE. A claim preferred against the State for 100,000,000f. seized by General Bonaparte in the Venetian Treasury in 1797 has just been decided by the Paris courts, This sum formed part of the fortune left in 1676 by a man named Jean Thierry, the gon of a Champagne shoe- maker, who had ingratiated bumself with a rich Greek merchant pamed Tipaedi, and had become his heir, Venice, &c., to his kinsmen of the same name in Cham- pagne and Lorraine, On his executor instituting in- quiries for them, three clerks in the French Foreign Office put in a claim, backed by forged certificates of genealogies, and received 400,000f. on account be- fore the fraud was discovered, whereupon they abseconded. A multitude of pretended heirs then presented themselves, but the Venetian government was naturally suspicious of them, In 1782 a special commission reported 364 couficting claims, In 1791 the Constituent Assembly referred tho matter to the Paris tribunal, and it was afterward re- mitted Ww the Cour de Cassation, which gave no de- cision, The case slept till 1866, when a Mme, Rosalio Cotton came forward as heiress, claiming ip particular the sum confiscated by Napoleon and expended in the support of his troops, ‘The Treasury being ruled not liable, ehe sued the State, a Mme. Sequin. patting in a counter claim. The Court, without deciding on the accuracy of thelr pedigrees, has decided that the seizure of the money was @ military and political act, and that the suit is, therefore, beyond the jurisdiction of the ordinary courts. The claimants will now, fn re. sort to the Council of State, When Jean Thierry left his father’s stall in 1650 in quest of adventures he little thought that a Paris tribunal would be called upon 200 years after his death to decide the claim to his inheri+ fauce. THE DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH'S ESTATES, The settled estates of the third Duke of Murlborough | have been offered for sale by auction, by Messrs. Fare- brother, Clark & Co., London, The sale was directed by Vice Chancellor Malins, under a suit in Chancery, | “Lord Chelmsford vs, Lord Churehill,”’ The estates, which are situated in the county of Wilts and in the parish of West Lavington, near contain 1,113 heres, The auctionvers tailed to obtain an offer for any of the lots, all of which were wit Tt was stated in the room that the estimated value and reserve escort of richly cavarisoned elephants to meet him, placed upon the property was little short of £100.00, ‘Thierry left the property, which included realty inCorfa, | VENICE. The Famous Annual Regatta in the City of Gondolas. SPLENDORS OF THE EVEN Italian Gossip, Political and ‘ General. Venicr, August 8, 1875. ‘The weather-wise prophets were but too correct im their predictions as long as they foretold storm and rain, tempests and alternate sitocco and wintry cold, but when they promised us fair weather or, at most, a “few showers during the first half of August,” they blundered in a way that their most credulous followers will not easily forgive. Rain! rain! rain! everywhere, day and night; here remicring baths impossible, on terra firma rotting and blackening the hemp on the ground, hindering the threshing of the reaped corn, either by hand-turned machinery or by steam; causing ‘the grapes to shrivel or burst, mildewing the corncobs of the maize that promised so fairly a month since. And the rain dimmed, though it did not really spoil, the splondors of the Venetian regatta, that most exciting of water fetes and “beautifal exceedingly.” Here you seo the regatta in its birthplace; the very name is Venetian ‘pur sang, for the wise old rulers, in order to breed and educate a race of stalwart mariners, used to keep boats and thirty or forty oared barges moored at the Piazzetta, and on holidays the challenges to and from the Lido were frequent and exciting. The barges were placed in line for starting—i. ¢, in rigd or rega, hence the word “regatta,” When the rival rowers felt them. selves protty sure of their powers they naturally sought to display it to their citizens’and lady love, and a day was set apart, and the owners of the gondolas and masters of the gondoliers took as much interest in the race as did the rowers themselves. Then prizes were given even as to-day. The first prizea red flag, the second blue, the third greon, the fourth yellow, with a sucking pig to hpot. No chronicler records the origin of this prosaic but much coveted addition, With the flags were dis- tributed sums of money, but on the morrow, as the glory was the real prize, and then the flags were depos- ited in the keeping of our “Lady of Salvation, the Gon- doliers’ own Madonna,” and the church erected to her is tho most fascinating barocco imaginable, reminding one of avossel with her sails unfurled and canvas spread. Little 18 changed at tho present day, While THR VENETIAN PATRICIANS, by dint of constant intermarriages and their perpetual living shut in between four walls, have degenerated. As a race, they aro ‘small of staturo, limp in muscle, thin- lipped and sallow,” do not look as if they could enjoy a revel or stand a sea fight; seem, in short, spectral de- scendants of Veronese nobles at once elegant and atai- wart, impersonifications of grace and strength. But the gondolier, who lives and works in the open air contina- ally, is tall and muscular, with a fair, florid, open counte- nance, never uncivil in his manners, rarely servile, honest and affectionate, too loquacious, but, on tho whole, pleasant to deal with as boatman or house ser- vant. And the grand canal on the day ofthe regatta presents the same spectacle as of yore, Every boat or barge that is available is moored against the houses, fitted out with sofas, chairs, even planks, decorated with flags, Beyond the Rialto and wear the railway station the poorer populations take their stand, Every inch ot quay or square bordering on the canal is crowded, while all the gondolas, pri- vate and public, float" on the canal till, the police appear to clear the space for the races. Banners and tapestry, quaint old bro- cades and silk and satin hangings decorate the balconies and terraces of the palaces where the fair Venctiang cluster to enjoy the spectacle, First come the bissone, twelve in all, hung round with gay festoons, with silk and velvet cusbions at the prow, where the directors of the regatta sit under their canopies of gauze and silver, manned by eight oarsmen, who wear the colors of the respective bissona Later the patrician pondolas appear ‘on the scene, not now covered with the hearse-like felsa but decked with the standards and colors of their owners, Opposite the municipal palace, the Arabia Loredan, now perfectly restored, a canopied platform is erected for the Mayor and notabilitles, whe distribute the prizes, and another for the band. p Ashot is THR SIGNAL VOR THE RACES tocommence. If you have sharp gondoliers you may follow the liitle boats, which are miniature gondolas, but @ seat.on the Rialto or a central balcony is prefer- able, The rowers start; there is sure to be one popular favorite on whom the chief bets are made—very inno- cent ones—a dinner, a supper, a boccia of wine, to be eaten and drank in company, the loser to pay the scot. The toy boats flashed on, the bissone or “great snakes” on either side and behind, to prevent the gondolas from crowding. The race is four miles. As the foremost boat shoots from under the arched bow of the Rialto it is loudly cheered by the populace, even as the fourth, with the pig in prospective, is as loud! hissed. Up to the railway station, then there is the dif cult turn in which more than one capsized; then back through the Rialto anda sudden halt before the grand stand, round which the spectators are now gathered in gondolas, boats and barges, so that you can cross tha canal on their heads with care. This year Zatta, the gue favorite, came in second and the prizes ran thus:— Maddalena and Memmo (red flag). ‘Zatta and Bon (blue flag)... . Corrai and Banato (green flag). “22 2o0f, Francischi and Doga (yellow flag), sucking pig and 100f. APTER THR RACE. ‘The instant the prizes were distributed the spectators, noble and simple, made for their gondolas, boats, barges and dingies, and parade the canal, from end to end, bands on the bissone, the piattas and the barges. Altogether, if want to see a regatta in its element you ar go to the palace bordered channel of the Venetian jagunes. O’CONNELL IN VENICE. ‘The Catholic ceremonies have been many and splendid during the past week—that of St Ignatius in bis own church and in the Jesu; while, the O'Connell Centenary celebrated in the Church of St. Agatha, to which he bequeathed his heart, attracted “other” than Catholic admirers of the great agitator. For, if the truth be told, the freedom-loving, English-hating Irishman is re- garded by Italians asa revolutionist ratber than as @ Saint, and they are rather surprised to find him claimed by the faithful as their ‘very own.”? The members of the Directing Council of the “Society of Catholio Italian Youth” have addressed a letter to the Lord Mayor of Dublin, pledging their members to “legal agi- tation for the separation of the cause of country from the cause of the revolutionists, for its reunion with the cause of God and of the Church,” while the Bolognese branch of the same society has founded an “O'Connell league for liberty of instruction in ae The directors of the Society of Catholic Trustees pre- sented a silver chalice and six torches to the Basilica Liberiana on the day of our ‘Lady of the Snow,” with the following inscription:—“Maria Virgo. Dei! Mater ‘Si. Tibi Dulce. Est. Colt In. . Aedium. Prin. Positae cips Qude. Tibi. . Tuo. Gaudent. Nomine ers Open Romae. Hi. Pio I. P.M: Vi. Ba ‘Princeps Sacro, MDCCCLXXV.”” ne PRR ce 98 CARER Te EE jetween the Fanfudla, organ of the and the Catholic organs, a statistical battle tage the Fan fuila deplores the existence in Italy of 95,651 | pe “3,424 seminarists, 11,055 monks, 30,909 nuns, 9,870 sa- cristans To which list the Romano op- poses as “united Italy's trophies”? G00 pesaeaed on trial, 13,430 condemned, 16,800 galley slaves, 117,000 prostitutes, 300,000 bastards, Truly, comparisons are odious, But while in Rome itself Catholics and non- Catholics thas s‘irmish {tis curious how little atten- tion is paid by the northern provinces to affairs regard- ing the Vatican, Here is the sole JTALIAN GOSSIP. ‘The best informed commercial paper in Italy informs us that “to-day the Pope holds his consistory and will proclaim the five cardinals hitherto kept in ; that Dupanloup will be one and the Bishop of New York another!” It is possible, but by no means certain, that Mgr. Dupanioup will Legh feos to that honor, and your Cardinal McCloskey will receive the hat and rinj from the Pope’s own hand. It is also believed that M. Roncetti will be nominated Apostolic Delegate for American republics. » The nenotieslous between Russia and the Vatican are suspended, but not broken of. The Pope’s health continues to improve, and the paths are suspended by medical orders. His Holiness gives daily audiences and is much touched by the dem- onstrations of affection and devotion manifested by the igrims. P Garibaldi is in capital form, attends fishing parties, banquets, {raternizes with the Freemasons, writes let vers on the popular election of parish priests and has given up all idea of returning to Caprera for the resent. oP Order is restored in theSt. Gothard Tunnel, but at the cost of three ives, while other three workmen lie in a hopeless state. 8 time the fault seems to have been entirely with the Italian workmon, the ‘hand borers’? who not only struck on their own account, but prevented the other workmen from entering the tunnel to continue their operations. ‘The famous trial of the Internationalists at Florence has ended with a verdict of not guilty. This is another biow tw the Minghetti Ministry; the so-called “‘Inter- nationalists” were simply men whose influence in the general elections was great and would have been used Ly the bitchegt) even as that of the arrested at iila Ruff, It suited the government to pat them out of the way for the time, und the prisons opened to ro- ceive them. When Pi ent opens we shali have fresh “interpellations.”” ‘The Austrian government recalls Rodich from Dal- matia, and it is hoped that the auestion of the italan workmen will be adjusted