The New York Herald Newspaper, May 8, 1875, Page 6

NEW YORK HERAL BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR Satins ahaa NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS.—On and- after January 1, 1875, the daily and weekly | tditions of the New Yon Hzratp will be sent free of postage. THE DAILY HERALD, published every Gay in the year, Four cents per copy. An- nual subscription price $12. All business or news letters and telegraphic @espatches must be addressed New Yorx Henacp. Rejected communications will not be re- tamed. Letters and packages should be properly sealed. LONDON OFFICE OF THE NEW YORK | HERALD—NO. 46 FLEET STREET. | PARIS OFFICE—NO. 3 RUE SCRIBE. fubscriptions and advertisenrents will be received and forwarded on the same terms as in New York. | which has been under a blight since the war, | did the chief West India exporting trade. | war with England our city was third in the The Future of the Metropolis and Rapid Transit. Ex-Mayor Wood took occasion the other evening, when addressing the members of the Chamber of Commerce at dinner, to recite some facts in reference to the rise ot New York and its probable future, which, at this | time especially, possess unusual interest. | In commenting upon the mutations of trade during the present century and the odd causes inspiring them he showed how commercial glory had come and departed from our modern cities even as in the course of time we have seen it come and depart in a far larger degree from Tyre and Venice. His argument was | that voless the rulers andinhabitants ot a city attend diligently to its interests it will fall into neglect and decay like other human insti- tutions. Many curious instances of this were cited. At one time the littletown of Salem, Mass., which is now only remembered for its witches, controlled the East India trade. Poughkeepsie, which has now a@ reputa- tion limited to home brewed ale and female education, possessed the whaling tonnage, while the poor little forlorn city of Alexandria, Showing how the prosperity of New York is a comparatively modern circumstance it is well to remember that at the close of the last | «NO, 128 | VOLUME XL.. AMUSEMENTS THIS APTERNOON AND EVENING, WALLACK’S THEATRE, \way.—ROAD TU RUIN, ars Y. M.; closes at 10:40 ae. ig Montague, Miss Jeflreys-Lewis, Matinee at | BOWERY OPERA HOUSE, oa gal Bowery.—VARIEVY, at 8 P. M.; closes at 10x65 SEUM, strect—ON HAND, at 8 Matinee at2P. M. THEATRE COMIQUE, | Ps 514 Broadway.—VARIF(Y, at SP. M.: closes at 10:45 | pM. Matinee at2 P. M. GERMANIA THEATRE, Sourteenth street.—AM ALTAR, at 8 P.M. METROPOLITAN MU West Fourteenth street. eUM OF ABT, om 104. M. wOP, Me OLYMPI jo, (24 Broadway.—VARI M. Matinee at2 P. M. FIFTH AVENUE THEATRE, Twenty-eighth street and Broad way —Tiie BIG BO- ANZA, at 8 P. M.; closes at 10:30 P.M. Mr. Fisher, Mr. ywis. Miss Davenport, Mrs. wilbert. Grand Combina. tdom Matinee, at 1-8). M. METROPOLITAN THEATRE, Woe 8S Broadway FEMALE BATHERS, at 8 P. M. ATRE, Y. ats P.M; closes at 20:45 BROOKLYN PARK THEATRE, e.—VARIETY, at 8 P.M.; closes at 10:45 ee at2 P.M. Fest *txteenth rk PINEON HAL sree P.M. Sixteen! ee at SP. Aatinee at 2 P.M. OTH'S THEATRE, enty-third street and MEO AND JULD Matinee at —THE ; closes 3P. aa Neilson. P.M LYCEUM THEATRE, street, near Sixth avenue.—LUCREZIA 1 #0 P.M. Mme. Ristori. French Comedy, ‘AN FRANCISCO STRELS, ‘orner of Twenty-ninth street-—NEGRO ¥, ats P. M.; closes at l0P. M. Matinee at PARK THEATRE, }CAMILLE, ats P.M. Matilda Heron. [PLE SHEET. YORK, SATURDAY. MAY 8, 1875. tr reports this morning the probabilities the weather to-day will be warm and dy, with possibly light rain. Srnezr Yesterpay.—Stocks were a tr. Gold opened and closed at 115}. xchange firm and the rates of money ore reported. tack Hus Trovupies are in a fair itching a satisfactory settlement. yan Revourrion is ended. It was than a free fight mstigated by dis- aspirants for the Presidency and significance of any kind. ican Tram to shoot at the return eland is getting everything ready royage, and as will be seen from our fis morning is discussing and settling liminaries for the match, Penn ylvania is not yet appeased, and it is plain that some more effective way of meet- ing the emergency must be edopted than any | yet devised. Tae Excusx Buporr was discussed in the Hyuse of Commons last night, Mr. Gladstone pening the peoosedings with some very should not have absolute communication with | effected with the consent of two-thirds | acute criticisms of the financial management Of the conservative administration. Dostxo Apotiecantes are a nuisance which | reason why the great trunk railroads should | Mr. Daly made a determined effort to secure | ought never be tolerated, and the case of | not have their terminus on this island. For | for the Governor the absolute power of ree | this programme of Dr. McCosh. extent and value of its foreign trade, Phila- delphia and Boston exceeding it, The pro- | cess of this growth has been so vast that New York now controls three-fifths of all the for- } eign trade ot the country. At the same time Mr. Wood saw the rise of influences which, if not checked, may affect the supremacy of | We know Mr. Wickham well enough to feel emphasized. As Mr, Wood well remarks :— “The city’s advancement in wealth and popu- lation will begin with a more rapid system of conveyance. The whole island will then be speedily populated ; and, as the Central Park is now almost the single object of pride and interest to all citizens, so shall this metropolis then become an object of national pride, just as Paris is the pride of all France, just as | Rome was the glory of the Roman Empire of the Cesars."’ We trust therefore that our rulersat Albany will see the absolute necessity of passing @ measure that will enable us to achieve this im- portant result, We are not particular what bill is adopted, although our preference would | be for the one sent by the Common Council to the Legislature. That seems to us to cover more points of advantage than any that has yet been proposed. It gives to the Mayor authority to enter at once upon the work. assured that he will welcome with alacrity any opportunity of carrying into effect this splendid enterprise, and of associating with his administration an achievement so much to the interest and welfare of the people. There should be an act cancelling and withdrawing the useless charters that have been granted to “steam railway companies” during the past few years, and the provisions of which have never been fulfilled. It is not worth while to enter into a discussion of any special plan of rapid transit, elevated, arcade, sur- face or undergronnd. We do not think it wise to waste time over these bills or permit the discussion to enter into the merits of one plan or another. Establish the general fact that we must have trapid transit and give the New York just as New York has affected | the supremacy of her sister cities. |Our proportion of the product of | the West is thirty per cent less | than it was ten years ago. While we are falling off the cities of the new Dominion of | Canada are rapidly going ahead. Montreal | has increased its exportation of grain to | | Europe 253 per cent within five years. Mr. Wood did not express the fear, but it was evidently in his mind, that unless the conditions which had led to this change are | arrested New York may fall under the same | decay which is depriving New Orleans of its once proud position as the metropolis of the | Southwest. Among the requirements necessary to as- sure the future of New York Mr. Wood | gave natural and just prominence to | rapid transit. It may seem a straining of | logic to find a solution for our decrease in foreign trade in the building of o steam rail- way to Westchester county; but the causes | that lead to the rise and fall ot cities are in- | terwoven and widely spread. We can only | maintain our metropolitan attitude by making New York worthy of its citizens, of its busi- | ness interests, of its manufactures, of its commercial greatness. If we pursue a policy | which destroys the good name of the city, by permitting bad men to govern it, how can we complain if we have an evil name abroad? | | If we allow a Tweed to control our | Treasury and dictate to us who shall be our | | judges and legislators and the administmtors of our finance how can we expect the mer- | chants of London to have confidence in our financial integrity? If we permit New York to fail into the condition of atrophy ; if we drive from it its best class of citizens; if we allow cities surrounding it to grow at the expense of | New York; if we make it the interest and | almost the necessity of every poor man who would like to have a home for his children to | fly from its tenement houses how can we ex- | pect to attract to it those vast commercial and | manufacturing interests which contribute to the | splendor and the welfare of a metropolis? | Rapid transit is one of many measures which | we trust to see adopted when we have wise men in authority, men who believe in the future of this metropolis and have the | courage and the honesty ot their convictions. We support it, not asthe only thing necessary, | but as the one thing to be done—and to be | done immediately. As another step in the | programme of our future greatness rapid transit is as necessary as the Erie Canal, the | introduction of Croton water and the crea- | tion of Central Park. But when we have | achieved it it isonly a step. We must con- tinue our work. New York must grow in all directions like Paris and London. For this | tunnel to Jersey City. There is no reason | why that large and most respectable part of | our population who reside in Brooklyn | | regard to ice or storm or tide. their places of business in New York without There is no | or fear was alike unavailing. -| and among these mountains for empire in the | body in America in matters of discipline as | | the Catholics? reason we want the Brooklyn Bridge and the | power to achieve it to the Mayor and our mu- nicipal authorities, and the Centennial year to which we look forward with so much interest and pleasure will be signalized in New York by the accomplishment of rapid transit, another step, let us trust, in that carcer of metropolitan greatness the magnitude of which the imagination can scarcely conceive. Hiswric Ticonderoga, | There are few spots around which cluster | so many historic associations as the little | plot of ground between the lakes on which stood old Fort Ticonderoga. The whole region is a historic one, from Crown Point, | at the head of Lake Champlain, to Fort | William Henry, at the foot of Lake George, | and Fort Edward on the Hudson; but Fort “Ty” is the historical, as itis the geographi- _ eal, centre of that wild and mountainous coun- | try which makes the waters so romantic. It was here that the English General Abercrom- | which gave to the name of Montcalm an un- | dying fame. No severer struggle ever took | place between the opposing forces of England | and France, and the English arms never suf- | of war. Out of sixteen thousand men, two thousand were killed, it may be said, in one hour, and under circumstances where courage The coming | celebration of the Etban Allen Centennial | recalls the terrible butchery which took place on this work nine years before Allen and his Green Mountain boys wrested it from the British, who had captured it at | the cost of two expeditions and one startling | calamity. In view of the interest that is taken in these events at this time a corre- | spondent of the Hxenarp has been over the ground, and, in a letter which we print this morning, he recounts Abercrombie’s ill-fated story. It isa tale which has more than the charm of romunce, and, what is more, it is a romance that is all true beyond the power of | the imagination to conceive or of words to picture, even in outline, of the vivid reality. In recalling these scenes, so terrible amid what is so grand in nature, we begin to realize | that America has indeed a history. Not only did the Old World contend on these lakes New, but it was here that the shot fired by the ‘embattled farmers’? at Concord Bridge had its first fruits ‘‘in the name of the great | Jehovah and the Continental Congress.” It | is meet that after the lapse of a hundred | years we should remember all these things, and of all our recollections there is not a | pronder one than the remembrance of Ethan Alien’s glory on the spot of Abercrombie’s shame—historic Ticonderoga. Tue Removat Bruits were the subject of a long debate in the Assembly yesterday, and | what is known as the Senate bill, by which removals by the Governor can only be | of the Senate, was finally adopted, with | bie met with that overwhelming disaster | fered a more complete reverse in the fortunes | | rian of the Old School and the rigid Cove- | between the Catholic educated under the in- | fluence of the French school and a Carmelite | marvellous discipline, manages to keep in its. | involved in his singing it to another? NEW, YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, MAY 8, 1875—TRIPLR SHEET, The Presbyterian Union, Wo have been favored with a document of the most interesting character to a large body of our religious people. The Rev. Dr. McCosh, President of Princeton College, has prepared a programme for the purpose of bringing together ‘in solemn league and covenant” all the Presbyterian bodies in the world. The purpose of this programme is to manifest the substantial unity of all the churches based on the Presbyterian system. It will not propose a new confession of faith nor interfere with the internal order of any chureh, It will accept all whose creed is evan- gelical and Presbyterian in form. There will bea general council—a sort of ecclesiastical court of supreme jurisdiction—to decide upon such questions as may be submitted to it. ‘The decisions of this council are not to be binding upon members, but will be laid before the churches for ‘a prayerful and careful consideration.’’ It will largely enter into the missionary work, especially in foreign lends and in great cities, It will unite in protecting the Sabbath, in securing instruc- tion in the Scriptures, in the suppression of intemperance, in combating infidelity’ in all forms, in developing a plan of systematic beneficence and in binding ‘all Protestant churches in opposing the errors and inroads of Romanism.”’ There is to be a prepara- tory meeting in London this year in expecta- tion of a confederation to be held in 1876. There could be no movement more inter- esting than this, the programme of which is thus sketched by Dr. McCosh, There are, so far as we understand, fifty different denomi- nations, embracing over twenty thousand congregations, virtually representing the Presbyterian system. Taking rise in Scot- land this Church has gone over the whole English speaking world, with branches in Holland and Switzerland. It is powerful in the United States, not only in numbers, but in the character of its people. It goes back to the old Puritans, stern old Covenanters and Independents, who fought the battles of lib- erty in Scotland, and whose services, apart from the religious aspect, can never be for- gotten so long as Englishmen cherish these | grand memories. In America the Presby- | terian Church proper is one of our largest denominations. By this we mean the Old School Presbyterian body, which represents | the union of the Old and New schools, consum- mated in 1870, It is so rich that last year it | raised ten millions of dollars for mission pur- poses alone. The doctrinal differences be- tween the clergymen of the Old School Pres- byterian Church and that of the more ad- | vanced and extreme branch known as Cove- | nanters is very great. It would be almost im- possible for them to unite on any question ot creed. But as the discipline of the churches | is the same, as they are branches of one fam- | ily, and as in nine points of doctrine out of | ten they are in harmony, there is no reason why they should not unite. The difference between a liberal Presbyte- | nanter who accepts the strictest tenets of Calvinism is no greater than the difference ora Trappist. The Catholic Church, by its fold men and women of widely diverging | views upon minor questions 0 long as they | accept the cardinal points of the creed. Tho | result is that no Church is more liberal than the Catholic, if a member is disposed to be liberal in his views, and none more rigid if he is disposed to be devout. The strength of the Catholic Church lies in this one fact. The weakness of the Presbyterian ing upon the general facts of Christianity, | the members quarrel upon minor points, | | and tbeir quarrels are disheartening and | destructive. Why, for instance, should not the Presbyterian Church be as compact a Why should Christians of | any faith differ, and not only differ, but with bitterness apd anger, because one prefers to | sing a psalm according to one metro, while another believes that bis soul's happiness is We welcome, therefore, this movement of the | Presbyterian Charch to extinguish their dif- ferences and unite in a common, solid body, for we believe that civilization will be aided by every measure that tends to destroy the | barriers between Christian denominations. Whatever work is to be done by Christian churches should be done harmoniously and | effectively. The progress of education and truth is never more clearly seen than in the extinction of religious prejudice and bigotry. | only one vote in opposition. Though Doetschmann, the druggist in Ninth avenne, | this reason we favor the tunnel to Jersey City. | moval he was beaten both in committee of | will serve to call public attention to the dan- | It is a mistake to allow the Hudson to be, as | the whole and in the House, and he wisely ger of going to drug stores for remedies | it were, a barrier between ourselves and the | yoted with the majority when nothing was which ought to be prescribed only bya regular | main lines that go South and West. We must | left for him but to accept the Senate bill. physician. Tur Scarrotp is to become an “‘institu- tion” in Massachusetts and especially in the | neighborhood of Boston this summer, and ‘the ignoble divertisement began yesterday at Plymonth with the hanging of Sturtevant, “the triple murderer."” This wretch had murdered an old woman and two old men, and inas- wnch, says our cortespondent, as an execution an extraordinary event in that Pilgrim | locality the hanging was regarded almost in the light of a gala occasion. Vtended with all the shocking barbarities which usually form a part of official stran- gling, and it may be safely assumed that those who witnessed the spectacle are none the better for what they saw. Praowce Brance’s Eccurstastican, Poricr is bearing still more bitter fruits as the neces- sity of enforcing it becomes more and more a vonsequence of past mistakes. The cable brings word this morning that the Prince Bishop of Breslau has been conducted to the Bohemian frontier for the violation of laws which no Roman Catholic prelate could obey, wad we have besides an intimation froma German newspaper, the Berlin Jost, that Belgiura is indeed to feel the full force of German displeasure on account of the con- gratalatory address of the Belgian bishop to Cardinal Ledochowski. It is impossible to conceive what aim of true statesmanship the German Chancellor has in thus carrying his | repressive measures to extremity; and yet in itself The scene was | | have, in time, a system of docks and piers and | warehouses that will make New York as ad- | vantageous to the mariner and the merchant | as Liverpool. We favor the efforts to im- | prove the navigation of the East River, to open the Hell Gate entrance to Long Island Sound. So, from step to step, wherever our increasing business and population demands it, we support every measure that will con- tribute to make New York the metropolis of | the world. The cardinal point in this programme is in rapid transit, Until we are enabled to keep our | people on the island, until we make New York a home as well asa hotel and business office, we | can have no assurance that we shall maintain | our metropolitan supremacy. As Mr. Wood | ghowed, we convey every year over the one | hundred and twenty miles of our street rail- | ways abont one hundred and twenty millions of passengers, an average for every day of about three hundred and fifty thousand persons. | During the last four years this travel has in- creased twenty-five per cent, and the aggregate of the business is more than that of the New York Central Railway over its whole 55 | miles. ‘The difference in the time now oc- eupied in going and returning daily to basi- ness,’ says Mr. Wood, “if more rapid transit | facilities were farnished, would afford ten hours per day of produetive labor to twenty thousand persons for every working day now lost by the present slow passenger conveyance of horse cars.’ This is an ingenious calcula- | This disposes of one of the most troublesome | questions of the session. The result is likely to begenerally acceptable, the powers con- ferred on the Governor being as great as the | people would be willing to grant to any Executive. Green's Opstrvctivencs curiously | illustrated in the answer of the Corporation Counsel yesterday to the Comptroller's re quest to have a jndgment against the city opened and readjudicated. ‘That there may be no misunderstanding,’ says t Corporation Counsel, ‘I am compelled tially apprise you that the Law Department caunot give any support or conntenance to litigation in this matter. There seems to be no reason why great public evils should be hazarded in order to review the official action of Mayor Havemeyer and his as this case, which official action i the law officer of the city, and repeated consider: There v clearer condemnation of Mr. Gr ociates in regarded by t carefal s legal and un as heen @ he m questionable.” We are not sanguine that success will attend He is deal- ing with a peculiar, firm, strong-minded, manly people. Presbyterians have a great deal.of the rock in their composition. If he can succced in bringing the members of that stern body upon any ground of common action, no matter how slender and narrow, it will be the most important step toward the strengthening of faith and the development of Christian religion that has been taken during | the present century. Gexrrat Bravrrcanp.—Wp print else- where a communication from a correspondent who secks to set right the position of General Beauregard in reference to the charge that during the last war he was in favor of shoot- ing all the prisoners and conducting the war without quarter. Our correspondent shows that on many oceasions, or every occasion, in fact, when General Beauregard had the oppor- tuntty, he treated his prisoners with hn- manity, No one who knows General Beaure~ gard will suppose for a moment that he would do anything else, It was this that ied us to marvel that under circumstances he would favor the introd of customs which, for only been practised The matter is scarcely ou into modera war entuty or two, Kaflirs and vam ammdoeel dita rid dtn peed enssion, and, so far as G ee Se concerned, we prefer to legally and judicially settl humanity and courtesy and coura mentale s0:bs pate 1 the end. | of any of the foolish purposes he inay have Tue Best Taine developed in the whole supported in the heat and fury of an unhappy | course of the great scandal tr the in- | ¥8t is R timation yesterday that it is near its end. | Onrcox asp tHe © ate—We print Like the proclamation of peace after a long | this morning a letter from the Governor of war the termination of this case will bea | Oregon in reference to what the people aud tion, but it is one of the many striking argu- | great relief, but like the evii effects of war | authorities of that State are doing tor the the end it may be for the best, since, likeam- | ments that can be used in behalf of rapid bition, tyranny is almost certain to overleap | transit. Nor do we weary of repeating these | will be felt even when all its outward marks arguments, for they cannot be too earnestly the blight and curse of this social upheaval are obliterated. Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia. The report is very gratifying and does credit to Oregon, An appropriation has been made to | an intelligent judgment. When the ablest of pay the expenses of the Commissioners, In addition to this the people are raising sub- scriptions to collect and forward to Philadel- phin specimens of all of the leading products of the State. Governor Grover thinks the State will make a fine display of cereals, and that it will do especially well in wheat and oats—‘‘probably,” he says, “the best of all the States’? There will be exhibitions of lumber, of various minerals, including coal, gold, tin and quicksilver, with various work in cotton and woollen fabrics. Altogether, from what the Governor writes, we shall have from Oregon a most interesting and useful display, and the opportunity of learning what our fair young sister really possesses toward setting up the business of housekeeping as an empire. The In Problem. When we come to the second centennial anniversary of our national independence it will probably be written that the Indian race, with the exception, perhaps, of a few rem- nants in some outlying frontier section, has passed away. When we compare the condi- tion and number of the Indian tribes to-day with what they were a hundred years ago, and see their terrible diminution in character and capacity and honesty, we can well conceive how the process of destruction cannot last more than one or two generations, When this chapter of our national history is written it will always be said that in no respect has America failed so signally to vindicate her claim to have a humane and civilized peo- ple as in her dealings with the Indians. The whole story of the relation of the white man to the Indian on this Con- tinent is a consistent record of baseness, perfidy and inhumanity. We can readily see how that what we call manifest destiny will in time drive the Indian from the posses- sion of the vast empire now under our dominion. It was not in the nature of things that there should even, be a contest as to which of the races should live in America— the white man or the red man; nor do we think for a moment that civilization has not been largely benefited in every aspect by the triumph of the white man over the red in the struggle for the possession of our soil. We came to the Indian armed with « supe- rior civilization, with cunning, with a wider range of knowledge, and it was within our power to lift him out of his condition of bar- barism and instruct him in an approximate form of civilization. This, certainly, was our duty, and if we had performed it, patiently, instead of destroying one of the most interest- ing races of the world, we should have rescued it, elevated, strengthened it, and, conquering America to the uses of civilization, have given to the world an enlightened people. It is impossible for us to give here the whole story, and nothing could be more un- pleasant and ungracious. When President Grant entered the Presidency one of his first declarations was that he would administer the Indian affairs with justice and humanity. He was peculiarly fitted for this work. In his earlier days he had lived with the Indians. He knew their peculiarities, and he especially knew all the trials they had suffered. We do | the President justice, and feel that he has striven all the time to reform our Indian sys- tem. The influences that have fattened upon the misfortune of the Indians have been too strong for him, and from what we can gather now it would seem that we are threatened with another war on our frontiers, arising from the bad conduct of federal ‘officers in dealing with the Indian tribes. One of the means of obtaining wealth upon the part of the Indian Ring is to foster these ‘wars.’’ The government is compelled to find Church has always been that, while agree } supplies and troops and arms and money. It is hard to feel that in enlightened America we make wars as a matter of gain and specula- tion, but this is the truth, and this underlies the difficulty of dealing with the whole Indian question. If the President will only be firm in the conviction with which he entered his office and will insist upon justice to the Indian ho has it in his power to do a great good. We fear it is too late for us as a nation to reform our Indian policy. The shame and scandal of it have passed. regard our word, and when faith no longer remains any negotiation is impossible. The President may, nevertheless, arrest evils that if not checked may involve our frontier lines in a more devastating war than we have bad since the time of Tecumseh. The Mecklenburg Controversy. The asperity of feeling, prompted, no | doubt, by patriotism, but not quite befitting | ® calm historical inquiry, which has been awakened in North Carolina and in Tennes- see (formerly a part of North Carolina) by the diseussion which we have invited, cannot with any justice be directed, against the Henatp. Every one of the communications which we have thus far published on this question has been sent us from North Caro- | lina, or is of North Carolina origin. In con- nection with the Centennial celebration, to take place at Charlotte on the 20th inst., we found a mooted and most interesting point of American history, and took advantage of the oceasion to have it adequately discussed, and, it possible, settled. We paid to North Caro- lina the respectful deferonce of assuming that its citizens are better informed in matters pertaining to their local history than scholarly people in other parts of the country, and have accordingly given them a chance to be heard first in our columns. It is surely no fault of ours that learned citizens of their own State differ on this question, The Henan is not contesting any patriotic claims of North Carolix it is one part of the people of that State controverting the opinion of another part. Besides the local earresponde | ents, whose letters we have printed without their names, we have given large space to the arguments of ex-Governor William A. Grabam in support of the genuineness of the ‘a nad to-day we pub- isk a communication from Danicl R, Good- uished North Carol gainst its gonw ject either to extol oe, another distin who argues ag strongly a It is no patt of oure nes or orth Caro’ 1 but, if possible, to ascertain the trath, aud itaccords with our sense of jw to give plainuff and defentant a fair and equal hearing. When the Ameri- cau public shall have seen the best that can be said on both sides of this interesting con- | troversy they will be in a position to form It is almost impossible for | us as a people ever to expect the Indian to | / } | the North Carolina disputants have offersd their arguments pro and con, we shall call into the field scholars of diligent research and great critical acumen, whose views are not colored by local feeling. But we pay North Carolina the compliment of letting her speak first through such of her own citizens as possess the highest claims to attention on such a subject. Let the facta and reasoning of ex-Governor Graham, which we printed last Wednesday, be weighed against those of Mr. Goodloe, which we print to-day. But as the subject is to be further handled by otber investigators who are free from any local bias we reserve our judgment and advise our readers to do likewise. The final summing up will come more fitly from writers outside the State. Whether we shall at last feel moved to declare our own judgment we cannot say. For the present we prefer to act the part of what in New England town meet ings is called a moderator, awarding the floor impartially to speakers on both sides, but exempt, we are happy to think, from the duty of enforcing courtesy and decorum, be- cause all the writers we have invited are scholars and gentlemen. For the acerbity of feeling displayed by some of the Southern journals we cannot be held responsible. But we think it quite un- called for. Nothing could be more incon- siderate than the imputation that we wish to deprive the South of any part of the honor which belongs to it for the noble and spirited part it acted in the American Revolu- tion, So far as pride of priority is concerned this is a question between North Carolina and Virginia—two Southern States which bordes upon each other. If historical justice re quires that any laurels be stripped from the brow of Jefferson and restored to the heroes of Mecklenburg even Virginians must bow ta the majesty of truth; but, let the controversy end as it will, it does not relate toa distribu- tion of Revolutionary honors between the North and the South, but between contesting Southern claimants. It seems to us that the disputants on both sides are confounding two questions which ought to be kept distinct, One is, whether there was a declaration of independence at Mecklenburg on May 20, and the other, whether the McKnitt resolutions are the text of that document? It the first of these ques- tions be decided in the negative there is, of course, no place for the other, But the converse does not hold, that if the document is not genuine there could have been no declaration. The proof is very strong that the document was produced from memory twenty-five years after the event, and its textual accuracy cannot be sustained, But while no human mem- ory can be depended on for the phrase- ology of a paper after so long a period it is difficult to suppose that the participants could be mistaken as to the fact whether indepen- dence was actually declared. To prove the document apocryphal does not overthrow the fact. The resolutions of May 31 are undoubt- edly genuine, but that is no proof that other resolutions were not adopted eleven days be- fore. The resolutions of May 31 were not a declaration of, independence, and as many citizens who were present testified on oath that such a declaration was made the ques tion is reduced to this—whether it be more probable that they were mistaken or that the meeting on May 31 was preceded by another, | There is nothing improbable in the supposi- | tion that an old man who had a distinct recol- | lection of the great fact of the Mecklenburg | Declaration should unconsciously use some of | Jefferson's familiar phrases in trying to repro« | duce it from memory. | Due Lares Somes to rob a State has been | discovered in Missouri. It was based upos bogus war claims, which are ultimately to bé | presented to the general government for pay- ment. The discovery in Missouri indicates | the existence of a powerful lobby to press | these claims through Congress, and, as most | of the States have some of the like kind, the | seal of public disapprobation must be put on this species of robbery from the outset, PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE. Rev. Dr. Ross, of Huntsville, Ala., is staying at the St. Nicholas Hotel. On april 24 General Mejia, of Mexico, fell from | his horse and brose an ankle. | Colonel T. J. Treadweil, United States Army, ts quartered at the Metropolitan Hotel, Congressman A!phens S, Wiliams, of Michigan, | 1s sojourning at the St. James Hotel. United States Marshal James N. Kerns, of Philae deiphia, is stopping at tne Grand Hotel. Lieutenant Colonel Walker, of Canada, has taken up his residence at the Brevoort House, Mr. George Jerome, Collector of the port of De- trott, is registeres at the st. Nicnolas Hotel. Mr. William E. Chandler, of New Hampshire, ts residing temporarily at the Fitth Avenue Hotel, Colonel Alexander Tyler, son of @x-President | Tyler, 1s among the late arrivals at Barnum’s Hotel. Mr. Thomas Dicksou, President of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, is at the Hofman House. Mr. Henry D. Cooke, formerly Governor of the vistrict of Columbia, arrived last eventing at the St. James Hotel. Colonel E. P. Villanueva, of the Spanish Ord- nance Commission, has taken up his quarcers at the Windsor Hotel. ‘. George Eyster, United States Assistant cat Philadelphia, yesterday arrived at icholas Hotel, ’ ary Bristow has returned to Washington from his receut visit to Philadelphia, and resumed ties of his office, ueral of Canada wili leave for Quebec on Thesday next, taking passage to Kogiand tu the steamship Prussian, Yoshida Kiyonari, Japanese Minister at Wash- ington, and Gira Yano, Secretary of the Japanese Legation, have apartments at the St. Nicholas Hotel. The Chief of Pouce of Havana yesterday notinea José White, a violinist of loca: celebrity and grad. uate of the Conservatory of Paria, that by order of the goverament of Cuba be must leave the istand, A committee, represeating the Pitti Maryland regiment, visited Wasbingion yesterday and ten- dered ity services as an excort to the President to the Bunker Hul Centennial, The Presid said, gracefully accepted ‘The Marine Band w Dr, Biekued, 4, Wao is promincotiy connected witit als jor tho care of the im sane ia that country, ison a Visil to Wasiingtom, and was introduced to the President ana members of the Cavinet yesterday by Dr. Nichols, Super: intendent of the Government Hospital wr the Im sane im the vistrles Mgr. Roncett. Dr. Udaldi and count Mare fosent Visited the © Legislature yester day, where they were Kindly received by the pre staing officers, after which they paid their respects to the Governor in the utive Chamber. Toeg also visited the tire alarm telegraph ana ovnet points of inte fhey were accompanied oy Rey. Father Ludden ana Mr, Charles Tracey, of Aloany,