The New York Herald Newspaper, February 1, 1875, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN’ STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR, NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS.—On and after January 1, 1875, the daily and weekly | editions of the Nzw Yorr Henatp will be | sent free of postage. THE DAILY HERALD, published every | day in the year. Four cents per copy. An- nus) subscription price $12. All business or news letters and telegraphic | despatches must be addressed New Yorx | Henry. | Letters and packages should be properly sealed. Rejected communications will not be re- | turned. LONDON OFFICE OF THE NEW YORE HERALD—NO. 46 FLEET STREET. | Subscriptions and advertisements will be | received and forwarded on the same terms as in New York. VOLUME XL. eNO, 32 | "AMUSEMENTS T0-NIGHT. 28 RS Y "M THEATRE, eae sh Ee eWIXT AXE AND bs abd street and sixth fo} 'N, at8 P. M.: closes P.M. Mrs. Rousby. Wost Twentysnird arco heat Sixth avenDe, NEGRO treet, near a x MSTRELSY. tc, ACS. Me; closes at WPM. Dan | ant. GERMANIA THEAT! street.—DER TEUFEL'S si RE. AUTHEIL, at 8P. 0:45 P.M. Lina Mayr. Fourteenth M.; closes at NIBLO’S, py —te AND JERRY, at 8 P. M. ; closes at 10:45 ISCO MINSTRELS, Sornsr ot Prony ainta NEGRO way, c ‘of, Twenty war BIMAELSH ae row. clos arte. Mee | R SH. Sixteenth SS EGON DULL CARE, at 8 P.M; ploses at 10:45 P.M. Mr. Maccabe. GLOBE THEATRE, Broadway,—VARIE IY, at $ P. M.; closes at 10:30 P.M. LACKS THEATRE, Wal! w= THE sHAUGHRAUN, at 8P. M.; closes at | 100 P.M. Mr. Boucicauit. a | BROOKLYN THEATRE, ‘Washi street.—PYGMALION AND GALATEA, at 8 P. M.; closes a: 1045 P. M. Miss Carlotta Leclercq. } ACADEMY OF DESIGN, ot Twentv-third street and Fourth avenue.—EX- HIBITION OF WATER COLOR PAINTINGS. Open trom 9 A. M. tol0P. M. WOOD'S MUSEUM. XEw ¥ P.M. METROPOLITAN THEATRE. F ot Thirtieth street.-WITCHES OF Jo, sas Broadway.— VARIETY, at 8 P. M.; Closes at 10:30 | | | cornei at 8 P. M.; closes at 10:45P.M. Matinee at2 | its energies, | of the military spirit which bas come with the NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1875,-WITH SUPPLEMENT. tiens and Resignations in the Past. The more the mind is fixed upon the pro- posed resignation of the President the more attractive the subject becomes. So many questions will be solved by it. The wilt of | the people will be duly respected. The coun- | try will pass into the hands of the party | which has won popular confidence. The re- | publicans will be freed from the incubus of | personal aud military government, paralyzing destroying freedom and energy of thought, limiting all future usefulness. | The South would rebound from prostration | and despair, Business prosperity would re- | turn to the Northern and Western States. | Our foreign relations would assume a maniier | asvect, The national credit would be assured | and vindicated. Our history would afford a | new and noble precedent in free goveritments. There would be an end of the predominance suppression of the rebellion. No party would | seriously object but the extreme democrats, | who view Grant's continuance in office as the | best means of preparing the country foro | democratic victory, and the few forlorn fol- | lowers of the President who see in his ad- | ministration their only visible means of | support. Furthermore, we should have at | the head of the government a wise, honest | and experienced statesman, whose counsels | would be an advantage to his party, as his | deeds would be to the welfare of the people. | It is true that the novelty of the idea that | the President should resign may startle us at | first. But what is there in it to startle any | one? Nothing is clearer than the President's | own record on the subject. He has expressly said—and the declaration did him great | honor at the time—that he would have no | policy at variance with the will of the peo- | ple. The people have said with astounding | emphasis that they no longer have any confi- dence in Grant. Now, if the President isa man of his word, let him, to use a memorable | phrase, ‘step down and out.’ This should | not involve too great a sacrifice. History has | many illustrations of self-abnegation. Charles | | V. retired from the proudest throne in the world to find consolation and peace in | the monasteries of St. Juste. Charles V. was | a great warrior, like Grant. Those who have | seen the famous portrait of this monarch painted by Titian will remember the striking physical resemblance between the two men— | the firmly-set lips, the clenched teeth, the | full, square jaw, the brown hair, the rugged, |. bulldog face. Those who study history will | see the moral and mental resemblance. Natu- | | rally enough the question arises, Why should. | | not the master of our battalions imitate his | | great prototype and, flying from the satiety of | | apparently, | @ ten thousand dollar bull. He is fond of | travel, the comforts of merry society and genial | friends, He craves an opportunity to see Europe | and California. To such a man released from duty, free from parfy strife and calumny, re- moved from the direct scratiny of hostile critics, there comes what may be called an In- dian summer time, when life is peaceful and serene. Why should he deny himself this present advantage? He may return again to new usefulness, just as Andrew Johnson re- turns to public scenes which he quitted in a time of unexampled fury and strife. So that when we advise General Grant to resign we do not urge him to do aught derogatory to his fame. On the other hand we summon him to imitate the example of men of illustrious and immor- tal name, to seek a repose that must be ex- ceedingly grateful after so many years of labor, and to do the one noble, patriotic and mag- nanimous act which will commend him ever to the gratitude of his countrymen. The Street Cars. One of the abominations of city life is the street car, which at the same time that it has made it possible for people to inhabit parts of the city previously inaccessible by reason of their distance has compelled them to se- cure the slight advantage of their journey thither at the terrible expense of vitality im- plied in the necessity of passing from one to two hours a day in this most infamous of ve- hicles. Withits tediousness, its crowd, its irrespirable atmosphere, its cold in winter and its suffocation in summer, its draughts ot | polar temperature sent in from the front door which the conductor holds open at his pleas- ure, and the array of forty-eight frozen feet | under the benches—the real source of how many cases of pneumonia and bronchitis, who can tell?—with all these horrors the peoplt are sufficiently familiar; and now, another is to be added to the number. Dr. J. P. Garrish, one of our city physicians of good repute, has given publicity to the opinion that these vehicles are among the efficient causes of the spread and continuance of diphtheria. However doubtful may be the problem as to the epidemic character of this disease, there is no doubt whatever that it is distinctly conta- gious, and that its virulent principle proceeds Wealthy Citizens. The question of rapid transit is attracting more and more attention as its solution becomes more and more imperative. In the past there was more talk of methods than of means. Now it is more @ matter of the money necessary to build the road, and so at last there isan oppor- tunity for our wealthy and generous citizens to purchase a fame as lasting as that of Wash- ington at home and George Peabody at home and abroad. No reputation can be nobler or | more enduring than that of the man who gives a part of his wealth for the benefit of the city in which it has been accumulated. John Jacob Astor gave a greater heritage to his descendants in the Astor Library than in all the millions he left them. At the same time he left a splendid monument to his own fame, Peter Cooper will be long remembered as one of the noblest benefactors of his race. Cor- coran will live forever in the annals of the the District, for there is always a disposition to honor true worth, especially when it is coupled with generous deeds, But progress in the economics and comforts of life must go hand in hand with progress in literature, science and art; in other words, if our people are to profit fully by such grand temples as Astor and Cooper have built for us they must be able to live in comfort. There can be no general enlightenment if we persist in crowding the masses of our popula- tion into tenement houses and confining them to the squalor and filth of a city like New York. Rapid transit more than anything else will bring culture into every home, first of all because it will secure a home to every family, and with this boon secured New York must become the most virtuous and enlightened, as it is now the greatest, city on the Continent. . Our leading citizens have done many noble things in times of strife or calamity, and we are persuaded they will not be wanting in liberality now, if this matter is properly pre- sented for their consideration. Such men as A. T. Stewart, Commodore Vanderbilt, Robert Lennox Kennedy, J. J. Astor and August the city than by subscribing liberally to this great enterprise. We are not unmindful of the gifts they have already conferred upon their fellow men, but speak now because this from the throat of an affected person | ig the most -S8plendid opportunity that to excite the disease in the throat of another | over has or ever will come to them. person thitherto well or perhaps disposed to | tr our rich men . show their _liber- the malady by a depressed condition of his system. Dr. Valleix was cauterizing the | throat of a patient affected with diphtheria. The contact of the caustic excited a sudden cough, by which some mucus from the patient’s throat was thrown upon the doctor's | face and even into his mouth. Within a short | Washington—the burdens and sorrows of | | power, the remorse that comes from | dnd ina ew ds 4 ee ys the doctor died of discarded opportunities, the care, the | that’ disease ; ‘andthe whole’ gaofession in | | selves, | ee fhe conscious: | Paris felt satisfied that the disease was com- | | par try or the loyalty of the party—take | municated by that contact of saliva. Imagine, NEW YORK STADT THEATRE, Bowery.—ULTIMO, at 8P. M.: closes at 10:45 P. M. OLYMPIC THEATRE. os ag Broadway.—VARIETY, at 8 P. M.; closes at 10:45 time diphtheritic symptoms manifested them- | REATRE_COMIQUE, T Ko, S16 Broadway.—VARIETY, at 8. M.; closes at 10:45 | refuge with Kramer and Babcock and Casey | BRUOKLYN PARK THEATRE. | % | and Ingalls, in the seclusion of Galena or St. | DONALD McKAY, at 8 . M.; closes at 1045 P.M. Oliver Doud Byron. 53) ROMAN HIPPODROME, | Twenty-sizth street an Fourth avenue.—Afternoon and avening, at Zand & TONY PASTOR'S OPERA MOUSE, Sn a Bowery.—VARIETY, at 8 P. M.; closes at 10:45 | | | FIFTH AVEXUE THEATR! Dav eS Eins aca P ie Mee Lewin, Mis | Daveaport, Miss Jewett. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Zeerieenth street.—Engiisn Opera—MARTRA, at 8 P.M. | } WITH SUPPLEMEN NEW YORK, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 1. 1878, From our reports this morning the probabilities @re that the weather to-day will be generally | clear. Tae Amentcan Astronomers in Australasia ‘were generally successful, as will be seen from our despatches this morning. In New Zealand the Americans were the only success- fal observers ; but in Tasmania and Victoria | the observations of none of the astronomers | were complete. Ex-Govzrnor Brcrzr has already found reason to believe that the people of New York will give effective financial support to the | Centennial Exhibition. The rooms of the Commission at the St. Nicholas Hotel have | been visited by many of our leading citizens, | and all who are interested in the plans of the celebration—and what American can regard | and prerogative. Like Grant he it with indifference ?—can obtain there all the | information they desire. { Kise Axronso’s Muvisrry was announced | simultaneously with the news of his acces- | sion. It seems there was some interesting discussion with regard to the future policy | on the night of its formation. This forms the | subject of an interesting letter which we | print this morning and shows clearly enough | that Spain is to be old Spain once more. The | religious intelligence it conveys is not very | cheering to those who believe in the freedom | to worship God according to the behests of | conscience. | | ‘Tue New Govensuent or Spare finds it | self confronted at once with insurgent suc- | cesses in Cuba and demands for indemnity for Louis? If this example lacks inspiration let us | commend that of Napoleon. This great cap- | tain, in his career and his lowly origin, was not unlike Grant. He arose from‘nothing to be the chief of vast armies and the Consul- | President of the Republic. Like Grant he also | regarded the office, which sprang from the | gratitude and devotion of the French | people, as his personal emolument | came to feel that he was higher than | his country—that he was necessary to | France. Like Grant he began to assume the | imperial tone, as when our President actually spoke of his second election as 5 personal certificate of character. Like Grant he grad- ually drew about him his ancient cronies, his | worthless brothers and brothers-in-law, and | other relativés and gave them high offices for | which they were unfitted, causing his Empire scandals. Like Grant he came to regard | France as his army, and when a legislature | was not organized to suit him he sent an | officer to disperse it, precisely as Sheridan was sent to disperse the Legislature of Loui- | siana. If Grant has not carried the parallel | further it is because we aré not exactly French- men and to be stunned by an Eighteenth Brumaire. The serious qu is, Does he | mean to carry it farther? he mean to imitate Napoleon and throw the country into | a foreign war, say with Spain or England? When the French became restless and muti- nous Napoleon drew his sword and pointed towards England. Grant responds to the | elections in November by placing his hand on his sword hilt and pointing towards Spain. The crowning and commendable act in the career of Napoleon was when he wrote his abdication. To such a career there could be no other end. The end came after a hundred campaigns and endless sorrow and desolation. Let us bless God that no such parallel is pos- sible in the life we are now considering. Napoleon accepted the fact that he had brought misery upon his people, shame upon his flag, the invader into his gates. He abdi- cated. We have his word for it that he need not have done so—that he might have struck an- other blow for his throne, but that in the then, from twenty to thirty persons packed in @ vehicle of such dimensions that it cannot | hold enough pure air for the healthy respira- | tion of five persons, the larger number of | them remaining there from thirty minutes to anhour. At one end or the other doors are opened sufficiently to make every one uncdm- fortable, but never in a such way as tochange ‘the air or ventilate the vehicle. In fact, the air is breathed over and overagaiv. All these people, who would be daintily squeamish over their food and would not in any cireumstances swallow dirty water, are taking in dirty sir ; air in the filtbiest conceivable condition of contamination; air that has been into the lungs of every other person in the car; and, if any person in the car has a contagious disease in his throat, air that almost necessarily car- ries the germs of that disease. This is the picture that the people have to contemplate as one of the new glories of the beautiful street car system. A Point in the Philosaphy of the Day. The English philosophers have been lately discussing the origin of language with refer- ence to the Darwinian theory of the origin of man. It is claimed by one side to the debate that thought without language is impossible, and that, as the inferior animals have no lan- guage, they have, therefore, no thought, and that it follows the theory of the evolution o: man from the simians must be illogical. On the other hand, it is suggested that if thought is impossible without language man must have been like the monkey before language was invented, and it is asked how, without precedent thought, could he invent the expression of it? Into this maze of metaphysical inquiry we shall no farther introduce the reader, except to cite one fact, which these philosophers would do well toexamine. This is the exceptional case of Laura Bridgeman, deaf, dumb and blind from infancy. Did this remarkable girl think before she acquired a language, and if she did not think how was her subsequent knowledge of language acquired? One more case might be cited in’ respect to the theory of Descartes, that the animals, man only ex- cepted, are merely automatic machines, who really feel neither pain nor pleasure. This is the case of a rhinoceros which recently died attheJardin des Plantes, in Paris. This great past outrages from the United States. It is | event of failure the peril to France and es- not likely that the young Alfonso will have | pecially to Paris was too alarming. So that bison desilgmipedienscktyremeygpig ag Lord Byron, he had one friend—a dog. This | ality now by placing this matter beyond all further doubt they will build a monument for themselves which they can obtain in no other way. When the work is done the State may | honor the donors to this great achievement by placing their statues at different points along the line, though the work itself would bea sufficient monument. More than this, the people always delight to perpetuate the mem- ory of men of principle and generosity, and their names would ever be held in grateful recollection. seldom comes to the few rich men who have | it in their power to serve the great mass, and we hope this suggestion will be calmly and carefully considered and acted upon by those who have it thus in their power to act. | theories of his enemies and place a million \ anda half of people under immediate and | lasting obligations to him. | If an earnest effort of this kind is made wo | have no doubt that the money could be ob- | fained within a few days, and that the whole work can be finished within a single year. cated take the matter up and resolve to carry it forward all jobbery and in- trigue must fail and oppositign to the completion of the work prove futile. The blessings of such an achievement are incalcu- lable, and nothing is easier of accomplish- ment, if it is undertaken in the spirit shown by the venerable Peter Cooper and others in 8 city always proud to recognize a noble gen- erosity. Fernande Wood's Letter to the Cham. ber of Commerce, The long letter of Mr. Wood, addressed to the President of the Chamber of Commerce, which we print to-day, deserves the careful attention of our importing merchants. It is in such matters that there has recently been } ence of a committee of Congress, a new vol- | ume or code called the Revised Statutes, and | comprising, in a classified and convenient | form, all the laws of the United States con- | tained in the seventeen yolumes of the Statutes at Large. ‘The value of suck a work, if faith- | | | fully executed, is obvious. The statutes re- | | | lating to any particular subject have been | enacted at such distant periods—many of them repealing parts but not the whole of previous laws—that it required laborious re- search and comparison to find the actual state of the law, with a constant liability to mistakes from overlooking or failing to discover the repealing effect the exient of of subsequent undertook to thread this labyrinth and reduce | its chaos to order, The proper object of their city of Washington on account ot his gifts to | Belmont can find no nobler method of serving | It is such an opportunity as | To | Commodore Vanderbilt it is an exceptional | | opportunity whereby he may disprove the | Should men of the stamp we have indi- | the grand monuments already conferred upon | well known to lawyers and others interested | | executed and printed, under the superintend- | some statute | upon preceding enactments. The revisers | better fortune with the Cuban insurgents than | abdication was really, taking his own view of had any of the shortlived governments which | {he deed, magnanimity and patriotism. Let preceded him, and as for the point which the | president Grant respond to the same motives, Diario of Havana discusses with characteristic | and, like Napoleon, resign an office which no bitterness, it is better for Spain as well as for | jonger brings honor to him or credit to his us that the controversy in regard tothe Vir- conntry. Hecan emulate no example more ginius butchery has been considered im | ittustrious. Napoleon is not impaired in the Madrid, where there now seems the prospect | of a settlement. cs Tae Memoms or Grorce IV.—The die. | aovery of the book relating to s member of the royal family of England, for the only copy | of which n reward of one thousand pounds | ‘was offered, was yesterday announced by the Hxnatp in our special despatches. To-day | we give additional details of the discovery of | the long sought work in Louisville. It con- tains the history of the scandals in the life of | George IV., to whose character the Greville memoirs have recently attracted renewed at- tention. Fitzherbert in the shape of letters taken from the royal archives. What its present owner will do with the book we are not informed, but as the contents are already indicated it is not likely that he will consent to its suppres- | sion by accepting the reward offered im Bng- land. It is said to contain documentary | evidence of the marriage of George IV. to Mrs. | true proportions of his fame because he signed the abdication of Fontainebleau, and wrote to England to allow him to come, like Themistocles, and find shelter under its flag. The true fame of Grant will not be dimmed by resignation. The historian will say that, feeling he had outlived his usefulness as Pres- ident, he fell back into the seclusion of his citizenship. Abdication did not destroy the glory of Austerlitz and Wagram. Grant, as a citizen, will still be the hero of Vicksburg and Richmond. He will have a still ngher fame as the President who would not allow his ambition and his love of power to inter- fere with the people's welfare. We can understand how resignation would in many respects be grateful to the President. | He is, or was, a man of simple tastes and plain i enjoyments. He has a commendable affection for horses, and has a fine farm in the West, with notable stock—almost as fine a farm as | that of Bill King, who-had so many mys little lapdog had squeezed himself into the eage of the monster, which became fond of him that all his liberties were tolerated. Accidentally the rhinoceros put his foot upon the dog and killed it. The grief of the poor brute, we are told, was pitiful, and for two days he refused to eata particle of food. He could not speak—this rhinoceros whom Carlyle would have, there- fore, admired—and, consequently, could not think. But was his sorrow merely the ex- pression of some automatic movement of the brain—the unmeaning jarring of an inter- rupted machine? We leave the answer to these questions to Mr. Proctor, Mr. Huxley, Professor Tyndsll ond to onr American philosophers, whose part in the discussion ought not to be secondary to that of their Bng- lish contemporaries. A New Triat has been refused to Vasquez, | the California bandit, and his death sentence, delivered by Judge Beiden, published else- where, is a striking sketch of his career, indifference of such men as Vasquez to the penalties they ineur is not so much the result of true courage as of brutal familiarity with crime and danger. Vasquez is to be hung in | March. 60 | The | same subject under one head, omitting all laws and parts of laws which have been re- pealed and digesting those which remain in force into lucid order and easy intelligibility, sothat any person wishing to ascertain the law of a few clear and consistent pages. Had the | work, have been most constantly varying, most in- consistent with one ancther and most difficult | to reconcile and interpret, was the legislation relating to the duties on imported goods, | have been more carefully digested than any other. In point of fact it has been the worst | executed of all. It was the duty and the laws as they actually existed in December, 1873, changing nothing, assuming to interpret nothing, but merely winnowing laws and | parts of laws in force from laws and parts of | laws which have been repealed and collecting the sifted result under sepurate heads, so that the whole law on any given subject migkt be found in one place in orderly arrangement, « labors was to bring all the laws relating to the | on any subject could find it all in the compass | execution corresponded to the design there | could be no question of the great value of the | The subject on which the acts of Congress | This part of the Revised Statutes ought to | protessed object of the revisers to state the | | 'TRe Resiguation of Grant=Abdics- | terious adventures when he went in search of | Rapid ‘Tramsit=A Chance for Our | Instead of this the revisers of the tariff laws have assumed the function of legislators, and the importers of foreign merchandise are compelled to pay higher duties than were re- quired before the code was completed and re- ceived the sanction of Congress. A great part of Mr. Wood's letter is devoted to the history and exposure of this fraud, and while he is disposed to exempt Congress and the Secre- tary of the Treasury from severe censure he seems to have no doubt that the laws have been dishonestly tampered with. Mr. Wood's instructive letter will repay an attentive pe- rusal by every merchant of this metropolis who is engaged in foreign commerce. A New Eoeclesiastical Difficulty in Scotland. Since the days of John Knox Scotland has been famous for ecclesiastical strife and division, No people on the face of the earth discuss church questions with so much keen- ness and with so little disposition to compro- mise, In no country did the dootrines of the Reformation take so deep and firm a hold of the popular mind; nor among any people has there been so general an agreement as to what are called the essentials of belief, as to forms of worship and as to church govern- ment. Strange to say, in spite of this unity of sentiment, no people are so split up into ecclesiastical sects and parties. There is the Church as by law established, which is Pres- byterian ; there is the Free Church, which is Presbyterian, and whose existence dates from the famous disruption of 1843; there is the -United Presbyterian Church, a much older body, and which is a combination of the Church of the Seceders, founded by the Erskines and their associates, and of the Church of Relief, founded by Thomas Gilles- pie; and there is the Church of the Cove- nanters, or Reformed Presbyterian Church, whose existence dates almost from Reforma- tion times. All these churches are Presby- terian in their form of government, and in all of them the tenets of belief and the forms of worship are the same. Where there is so much of agreement as to essentials it is not-wonderful that attempts at incorporate union have often been made; but these attempts have uniformly failed, and ® general union, which would be a great gain to the people as well as an honor to the Pres- byterian cause, seems as remote as ever. It is only within the last two years that a movement contemplating the union of the non-endowed churches—a movement which for a time seemed full of promise—was given up in despair. It was hoped that the Free Church, the United Presbyterian Church and the Reformed Presbyterian Church, as they were all of them unendowed and dependent for support on the voluntary principle, would see their way to incorporate union; but ex- treme views held by some on the voluntary principle, and extreme views held by others on the duty of the civil magistrate in matters religious, made agreement impossible. Such | aunion, had it been effected, would have in- cluded at least two-thirds of the Scottish people, and would have placed the Estab- lished Church in a hopeless and helpless minority. The failure of the movement was, of course, hailed with joy by the friends of the Establishment. H gd the union been effected nothing could have saved the Church of ‘Scotland from sharing the fate of the Irish Establishment. ‘How to strengthen their position bas been the great object of the lead- ers of the Establishment in the interval, and by the abolition of patronage they have stolen a march upon their adversaries and made a powerful bid for pop- | always claimed the right to elect their own | pastors. For many generations, however, the | right to present to vacant livings bas been | vested in the lords of the soil, in town councils | and in the Crown. When a church became vacant, as they call it, by the death or removal ot the pastor, the new minister was appointed H by the patron; and although of late years a | form of election has been observed the | people had really no choice in the matter. | The law of patronage has been the fruitful | source of ecclesiastical etrife and division. | But for what was known as ‘forced settle- | ments’’ in the ecclesiastical history of Scot- land, the result of this Patronage law, the | Scottish Church might have remained o unit | to'this day. It was the working of this law which forced into existence the Secession | Church, and later the Church of Relief; and to the same cause may be traced the disrap- tion of 1843, which rent the Established Church in twain. In the last session of Par- the actual communicants attending the Church. In other words, the people have now the right to elect their own ministers. This, as we have said before, 1s a highly important | step on the part of the leaders of the Established Church. The Church retains the national Church, and the people have the | free choice of their pastors. Fifty years ago such a measure might have given complete | unity to Presbyterianism in Scotland. It re- mains to be seen whether the concession does not now come too late. It is not at all unnatural, in the circum- stances, that the members and adherents of the non-endowed churghes should feel in- dignant. They feel that a march has been | stolen upon them. They claim ¢that the bill was hurried through Parliament with indecent haste, and that it could not have been passed without the votes of English members who up tive sister establishment in Scotland. The universal feeling is that they have been be- trayed. They have fought the fight for liberty, and the prize is rudely snatched from their hands. They have covered the land | with churches and with schools, but their labors and their sacrifices are completely ignored. They support their own ordinances, build and maintain their own fabrics, and the wealth of the State is Invished on their rival They ask nothing from the State for them. | selves, but they protest against one Church, and | | that Church the Church of the minority, being | endowed at the expense of all the others. The cry for dis*stablishment waxes louder and louder. Monster meetings have been held in Edinburgh, in Glasgow and in other centres; the United Presbyterian Synod has met in solemn session, and at all the meetings the eos ot nounced and resolutions adopted in favor of | dixestablishment, Over no question has the ular support. The Scottish people have | liament this law was abolished and the right | formerly vested in the patron is now vested in | its endowments and all its other privileges as | sought to serve their own Church by propping: the government hus been de- | public mind been so excited in the last thisty years. Intended to save the Established Church in Scotland, and, by this means, tc save the Established Church in England, ii would not be wonderful if this now famous Patronage Abolition bill should preqpitate disestablishment in both countries. With the example of the United States before them the Presbyterians of Scotland ought not to be afraid to trust themselves to the voluntary principle. Disendowment would remove all barriers to incorporate union, and such union wonld be an honor to the Presbyterian cause as well as a gain to religion generally. The Pulpit and the Cars=Rapid Transit and Religion. The churches yosterday were thinly at tended, and some of them in the evening might almost as well have been closed. The cloud of snow that enveloped the city impeded travel to so great an extent that maby thou sands of persons were prevented from listen. ing to the words of truth. The thoughtful mind will at once perceive how profoundly the interests of religion are connected with the methods of travel. A great storm in the metropolis changes the character of our Sun day. How can the bad become good and the good become better when they are practi» cally cut off from the counsel of the clergy, the appointed shepherds to lead these wan- dering sheep? Yet it would be wrong to blame the snow or the storm for this injury to religion. The responsibility rests with - man, whose duty it is to conquer even the elements. The municipality and the Legisla- ture have a terrible responsibility, and if they fail to provide rapid transit on Sundays they really legislate in favor of sin and become obstacles to Christian progress. ‘We commend this view of the case to those who have looked upon rapid transit aso mere business advantage, and hope they will realize that it is alsoa spiritual necessity. The churches, the Young Men’s Christian As- sociation, Bible societies, &c., should take more interest in the subject. If these organ- izations were io act with energy and appeal to the Legislature the time would soon come when bad weather could no longer blot Sun. day from the calendar, nor the snow cloud, literally and figuratively, interpose betweer the world and heaven. Thosé persons who braved the storm heard some excellent discourses. Among these was the sermon of the Rev. George H. Hepworth upon the triumphant force of Christianity, a thoughtful argument, which, fortunately, can be read in ourcolumns. This is one great service ‘which the press is able to render tc theChutch. The questions of conscience and anthority which are pow agitating Europ were discussed by Dr. Wild and Mr. Froth. ingham, and Christian doctrines were illu minated by the Rev. Father Farrelly, Rev. Mr. Bottome, Dr. Anderson, Rev. Father Byron and others, whose written words will be read more eagerly because so many yester- day were compelled to forfeit the pleasure and profit of hearing them. A New Heemrt.—A poorhonse must bea poor house, indeed, when men rather than ace | cept its shelter burrow in the earth like | moles or foxes, But this seems to be the kind of a poorhouse they have in the northern part of Jamaica, L. L, for in the neighboring woods lately some hunters who were seeking for rabbits founds hermit, hidden away ina hole dug in the ground. This strange hab- | itation was about ten fest wide and five feet high; it was closed by a trap and ventila- ted by a pipe, which also guve escape | to the smoke from a small stove. The hermit ‘was as strange as his house. He is a German | who in the summer works for the farmers | and in the winter retires to his cave, like the dormouse. The man did not seem to be crazy, | but declared when he was captured that hav. ing had one winter's experience of the county poorhouse he preferred to live in another hole, This startling theory of personal comtort sug- gests that the poorhouse needs investigation very badly, for the singular conduct of the burrowing hermit in the eyes of the publie | virtually amounts to an indictment of its management. Sat ‘Tue Bercuer Tatat.—To-day the decision of Judge Neilson as to the right of Theodore Tilton to testify in his own behalf will be rendered, and it is awaited with as much in- terest by the public as by the principals in the trial. Itisasingular illustration of the hold this case has taken upon the community - that the betting men are making pools upov the verdict. " PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE. Dr. A. F. Magruder, Unitea States Navy, is quar. tered at tne Windsor Hotel. Hon. William C. Maxwell, of England, has apart. | ments at the Brevoort House. Quartermaster James M. Marshal, of West Point, 1s registered at the Union Square Hotel, General George J. Magee, of Schuyler county, | New York, 18 stopping at the Metropolitan Hotel. Lieutenant Commander Frederick R. Smith, | United States Navy, is residing at the New York Hotel. Mr. Will Varleton, the poet, has left nis home in Micbigan and taken up his residence at the St. Nicholas Hotel. And they say that Anna Dickinson will take to the stage. Sue has not more than half as much brains as Kate Field so sne may be more success- ful. Have the Woodhull-Clafin’party ever thougnt of the stage as a last resort for gencral failure in every other line ? Mr. Charles Calvert, manager of the Prince's Theatre, Manchester, under whose direction “Henry V." is to be produced at Bootn’s Theatre, atrived on Saturday evening by the steamer Java. Mrs. Calvert, who is to act the part of Rumor in the play, is on the steamer Siberia, which ts due at Boston on the 5th inst. Helore the war Metz contained 48,000 civilians, In the autumn of 1872 the emigration of persons electing French nationality reduced them to 30,000, In 1878 the number rose to 36,000, and it is now 40,000 to 42,000. O1 these 25,000 are believed | to be natives, 10,000 German, immigrants, 2,000 Luxemburgers and 1,500 French immigrants; Bel- glans, Swiss, Austrians and Italians making up the remainder. ‘This is the way they bow in Berlin:—Imagine | an oak plank six feet in height, with a binge in | the middie, draw itself up to @ perpendicular, od, with a quick movement, snap ths hinge so hat the upper part suddeniy springs iorward and back again, and yoa will have some idea of the gracefainess of the executed movement, and of the shock one gets when being introduced toa German military “swell.”? At Preston, England, Whittle, a horsebreaker, heard that tis sweetheart had shown civility toa rivalsuitor. He seized the frst opportunity that occurred to knock down the object of tis dearest | affections and to kick her soundly and severely when down. Uniortunately Whittie was not yat . marriea to the girl and the magistrate theretora regarded this as an improper and premature pro ceeding. So Whittle went to jail, i |