The New York Herald Newspaper, October 1, 1874, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD| | of quickening which seems to have arisex BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR THE DAILY HERALD, published every day in the year. An- nua) subscription price $12. All business or news letters and telegraphic despatches must be addressed New Yoru Henatp. Letters and packages should be properly sealed. Rejected communications will not be re- turned. JOB PRINTING a7 every description, also Stereo typing and Bi ving, neatly and proraptly exe outed atthe lowest rates. Four cents per copy NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 1, 1874.—TRIPLE SHEET, Political Morality in High Places. We welcome what may be called the sense | among our public men. We can understand how there might be severe judgments, like, | Wilson and | for instance, in the case of Mr. Mr. Dawes in the matter of the Crédit Mobilier. censured these gentlemen for condoning o terrible wrong to the Treasury, if not for tak- ing an actual part in the profits that accrued | But the second sense is that the | from it. offence was simply heedlessness, and that they should not be censured as we censure Colfax, for having done a deliberate and repeated wrong. At the same time, when men accept the honors and responsibilities of o public career they invite the loftiest criticism, and their duty is to bear themselves so that there shall not merely be an absence of reproach bat the absence even of suspicion. By this canon of criticism let us look into | what are called the ‘‘revelations’’ in Louisi- LONDON OFFICE OF THE NEW YORK HERALD—NO, 46 FLEET STREET. Subsoriptions snd Advertisements will ba | vived and forwarded on the same terms as in New York. Volume ‘XXxIx Broadway, corner ot Thii 745 7. M NIGH |, af | Brondway and DARLING, at 52. N J. L. Toole. UM, h street—HAND AND ardcn P.M. Mr. Lemingwell MOLD DEBTS, at § PM; closes L, Davenport OLYMPIC THEA’ 3fo,,% Brostway e_VATUETY, i ; closes at 10:45 ue. —LA PRINCESSE ose sat 10:30 P.M. Mile. Aimee, Mile. Mine: TRE com ir) THE UE, Res su Broadway.—VARLEIY Pp 2 ; closes at 10:20 | PARK RE, Broadway, between Iwenty- Titst aad Twenty-second sreers. ~GI. .DED AGE, at} P. M. Mr. John T. Kay. | BOOTHS THEATRE, | corner of Twenty-third street and’ Sixth avenue — | CONNIE SOOGAH, at 8 P. M.; closes at 10:3) P.M. M. and Mrs. Barney Williams NIB. LO ARDEN, Broadway, mecrees Prince and Hotiston streets —THE | 3 closes at 12 P. DELUGE, 'at 8 P. M M. The Kiralfy Family. THE ecHoOL rOR P.M. Miss Fanny Daven: James, Charles Fisher. GER: Fourteenth sireet.—D 00 P.M. Hi ATRE, SPEN, at 8P. M.; closesat ROBINSON HALL, Sixteenth ye parvenes: Broadway and Fifth svenue.— VAKIETY, at 8 P. M. RYANT'S OPERA HOUSE, it Twenty Ria streot, near Si aes vtn te.—NEGRO | 1. Dan Bryan Missree LsY, ats P. YN THEATRE, loses at 11 P.M. Mr. Lester | Wallach INSTRELS, Broadway. eeenty: sninch street.—NEGRO | MINSTRELS) INSTITUTE, xy and Sixty-fourth IIBITION, Third avenue, streets. —INUUSTRIAL BA us, foot of Houston street, atiP. Mand 8P.M, TIVOL) Tit Elghib street, between ING DAB. rR, ani Third avenues.— THE GREAT N fi Eighth avenue and Forty-nimth stri TRIPLE SHEET, Ghucdeay, October 1 1874. CIRCUS, Sew York, From our rex orts thes morning the probabilities ere that weather to-day will be partly cloudy ani? clear. -| Wart Srrexr YVesterpay.—A continued active stock market; large transactions ; | prices firm \ 110}. Tue Pra issaid to have made its ap- | pearance in Tripoli appears to be some hs the authorities a strictest quarantine coming from the t Anp Now Comes THE ConveNTION at Albany of the State Liquor Dealers’ Association. The temporary chairman in his speech refer- and near Mecca, There foundation for the rumor, | Malta have adopted the culations for all vessels nted Pe arkag | red to the ‘endeavor hunt the liquor dealers down,’’ and declared that the time had come “to organize a defen: Well, what are the liquor dealers going to de io Ree it? Tar Fixe WaraTHer yester lay the Nationa! Guard to proceed with the com- petition for the State and divisional prizes | which had to be postponed on Tresday in permitted | consequence of the terrible rain storm which swept over the range. The attendance was | arg?, but owing to the prevalence ‘a high | wind the scoring made was not very good. Tue Grnawax Caner bas been of lat» di- recting the attention of the nation toward Asia. It is intended to found a Prussian val hospital at Yokohama, Japan. This will place the Germans on an equal footing English and French in this respect. German emigrants have already setttled at Yokohama, and the authorities in Beriin are pleased with the aspect of the new propagandist move- ment. with A Max Namep Cart Pronst Was Kiniep by falling from the roof of a tenement honse in this city yesterd His death was sudden and alarming. mstances of the case ire are surrounded with some share of mystery and appea! quire a very tigation. Many persons, young and old, have veon killed lately in New York by falling to the pavement cither from open “windows or the roofs of dwellings. Do these sad oecur- ences all com mi Aecident? An Eqursocrian Cycioxe.—The full force of the late heavy Atlanti st storm tell upon Charle and upon the tween that point and Cape Hutte struction of the apperertly imp: r wall of the Charleston Battery and the leyel- ling to the earth of the heavy walls of the seabos new theatre in the heart of the city indicate in the late storm there the force of a regular West Indi clone. In rebuilding the sea- wall ot their Battery, however, it is to be hoped that the authorities of Charleston will look to their contractors and see to it that their work is not a sham; for we, too, of New York, have tho job of Battery seawall sadly in need of repairs, | lawyer. sand five hundred dollars, General Butler | | side. ana, When Lieutenant Governor Penn was | in transient possession of the Lonisiana State | House he caused its records and papers to be searched, and found, among other things, the correspondence and check book of the fugi- tive Kellogg. The stubs of the check book showed some suggestive entries, which must cause Kellogg to regret that his flight was so | hasty that he could not take away his private papers. The public has been made acquainted | with the suspicions entries, but we prefer to await further developments before judging whether the awkward revelations are as dam- aging as the opponents of the Kellogg usurpa- tion incline to consider them. We do not believe in condemning any man unheard, especially men of influence, authority and fume, who have earned popular confidence and are entitled to patient and respectful leration. Publie attention has y fixed on the heavy retainers Carpenter and Butler for pro- services in the Supreme Court to paid tessional when the writ of prohibition was before that | tribunal. Shortly atter the Durell order Kellogg’s counsel, in resisting the issuance of the writ, consisted of Caleb Cushing, Sen- ‘ator Carpenter and General Butler, all of whom appeared in court. Mr. Cushing made a short speech, Mr. Carpenter another short speech, General Butler taking no part in t. the argument. Two of these lawyers were | members of Congress, and the unfavorable in- ference is founded on the fact that their fees | | seem out of all reasonable proportion both to the service rendered and to what was paid to the third gentleman, who was only a simple Mr. Carpenter received four thou- three thousand dollars, and Mr. Cushing, who | acted as leading counsel and is superior to either of the others in professional stand- ing, received only two thonsand dollars. It is | therefore intimated by Kellogg’s enemies that under the guise of fees he paid to Carpenter | and Butler a virtual bribe, expecting to pur- chase their services in Congress as well as in the Supreme Court. This inference seems to | be premature, and is not sustained by the | whole state of the tacts so far as they have | yet been brought to the public knowledge. If Kellogg intended those heavy retainers | as bribes he failed to accomplish his object. | | Mr. Carpenter, mm his subsequent action as enator, was the foremost opponent of the Kellogg government, making the most power- | ful speech delivered against it; and Butler, if we recollect aright, advocated and voted for Durell’s impeachment. More recently, in an interview granted to the Heratp correspondent, General Butler denied the legality of the Kel- logg government. These tacts cannot be left cut in estimating the insinuation of bribery. Attempts to bribe legislators would very soon | come to an end if the money converted advo- cates into adversaries. a bribe of ten thousand dollars on the otber This is said without a shadow of prcof, and therefore cannot be considered. Nobody has a right to make such charges, more espe- cially against a man as eminent and honored as the Senator from Wisconsim, unless he supports | them by evidence. Mr. Carpenter's inconsis- tency on the Louisiana question is susceptible | of a perfectly honorable explanation. When he was retained as counsel in the writ of pro- hibition case the subject was new to him | and he was merely required to investigate a | question of law. A lawyer's duty to his client does not bind him to impartiality, but the | | reverse. He undertakes, in consideration of | his fee, to make the best argument he can on his client's side of the question, In the writ of prohibition case Carpenter's law was sound, or at least it was adjudged to be sound by the Supreme Court, who refused the writ. When the committee of investigation was afterwards proposed in the Senate he spoke in support of the President’s action, and up to that time he was perfectly consistont. But after having been appointed on that committee it became his duty to make # thorough examination of the facts, which resulted in » conviction of the utter illegality of the Kellogg government. He yielded his first opinion to irresistible evi- | dence, and set forth that evidence in a speech of such logical force as convinced all impar- | tial men. If his mind had been biassed by his previous relation to a client he yielded that bias when he came to investigate the tacts, an the change, so far as yet appears, was honorable to his independence and fairness. This certainly is very clear. Moroover, there is always to be considered in dealing with our public men what may be called the law of ability. There are probable and improb crimes, and we think some writer lays Gown the ingenious theory that in all phases of character, no matter how exulted, there is the possible crime that it might com- mit. General Butler and Mr. Carpenter have been accused of many things, but no one has regarded th \s fools, Certainly they would have been fools 1) have accepted a bribe from Kellogg and sent him a receipt for the xy and then opposed his measure in Con- This is not the way, so faras we un- derstand it, in which bribery transactions are consummated, and nothing is more improbable on its face than that these two men should be guilt aving acceptel a small, iasignificant bribe, at the same time pntting their fame and influence in peril. When such men sell out to the devil they ask a laryer price than logg paid. But at the same time the check- book disclosures have an unpleasant look. | They suggest ® voint of professional morals m0 Tho public mind of the country | been | Stress has been laid | | on Senator Carpenter's inconsistency on the | Louisiana question, and one prominent jour- | ual accounts for it by alleging that he accepted | | that onght to be pressed home upon the | | attention of lawyers who are members of | Congress and lawyers also who do business in New York in a strange, loose way. There | is no good reason why lawyers serving in either house of Congress may not argue causes in the Supreme Court, under the re- strictions which we will presently indicate. It has always been customary in this country, | and, supported by such lawyers as Pinckuey, Sergeant, Webster and Reverdy Johnson, the custom has passed without challenge. Law- yers who are members of the British House of Commons have always pursued the practice of their profession unless they consented to | take office. Brougham had a severe struggle with himself when his party pressed him to | | take the Lord Chancellorship, and to the end j of his life he thought it a mistake to have | relinquished his large professional gains | which he might have retained as a simple member of Parliament. Bunt it is not | only ebjectionable but scandalous for members of Congress to go into the Supreme Court with heavy retainers and argue cases involving the same questions on which they will afterward be called to act in their legislative capacity. Nothing is easier than to represent their counsel fees as bribes, and it might sometimes be difficult to repel the accusation. Undoubtedly this practice ought to be condemned and abolished. It is more than indelicate; it is inconsistent with the high measure of professional and political honor. The same reasons which exclude from a jury every man who has an interest in the trial, the same reasons which forbid a judge to sit in a case in which he has acted as counsel, are of equal force | against the practice of taking fees as a lawyer and then going into Congress and voting on | questions relating to the same subject matter. These things have been done, and we have no doubt there are a thousand instances at hand of public men who have earned fees for called upon to decide: as legislators. We think there should be an end of it. who accepts a fee—as Butler did—may be as | innocent as possible in the transaction, but the country will not always so regard it. | When the popular mind is asked to decide | between a fee anda bribe the distinction be- | comes hazy; and public men who allow their | business needs to force them into this posi- tion must not complain if they are condemned harshly. Among the evils resulting from our civil war is an obtuseness of mind upon what a public man owes to himself and what is due to his profession, Things are done now asa matter of course, consecrated by custom and opportunity, that would never have been per- mitted in the earlier days. Our condemna- tion, therefore, does not fall upon the men who are involved in this disclosure, but upon the system. It isa great pity they were not brave enough to rise above the system and | make to themselves a law of Jeffersonian purity. But we cannot censure a public man | for being no better than his time. Senator | Bayard, of Delaware, shines out like a star in | the dark galaxy of present statesmanship for | | his noble letter in response to an appliantion to become a stockholder in the Crédit Mo- bilier. He had no question of the value of the | stock, but he could have no pecuniary interest in any company that would need legislation. have read from General Butler than his busi- ness communication asking for his fee. | time has come for our public men to accept the Bayard standard in their relations with | Congress. Public opinion should reform the | custom that has so long held good, and lay it | ence. The Crops in the Southwest. The Memphis Cotton Exchange, from numerous reports on the cotton crop in Ten- nessee, Alabama, Mississippi and Arkansas, estimates that in these States, from the | blighting effects of the recent severe drought, cent less than that of last year. This will be a severe loss to the States directly concerned ; but there are still more discouraging facts in this Memphis report, viz.:—Having realized advances to the extent of their interests | laborers have abandoned the picking of the cotton in many instances, and as, in addition to prices of cotton being very low, very little grain or meat has been raised, there is much | foreboding as to the future. This devotion of their lands and their capital exclusively to the cultivation of cotton has for many years planters. They have depended upon their cotton to supply them, not only with all their household and farming utensils and imple- | ments, their clothing, furniture, &c., but to supply them with provisions, to a great ex- tent, from the Northwest, when, for manufac- tures of all descriptions and for all | articles of subsistence of the temperate zone, our cotton States offer facilities and advan- tages which exist nowhere else in the world. To these important matters of Southern recon- | struction the attention of Southern planters | | cannot be too carnestly directed, Tae Saensax Wepprs he Republic | has its bright days, when politics, anger, dis- sension are all forgotten in the general appre- ciation of some domestic personal ev We | had such a day when Miss Grant was married and carried over the seas to her English home, | There was a tings of sadness in the thought that the child cf our President was to become an alien, but even this did not sharing with the Presi felicity of the happy o etood that the I ne prevent our nt and family the nm. It is unser nm will soon ap- proach the all h one of the beauttul Western belles. To-day the daughter of Gen- | eral Sherman will accept her destiny, and all Washington is in eager excitement over the coming event ceremony will be Cath- olie, and the leading prelate of the come on to honor General Sherman by giving his daughter his priestly benediction. is no man in public life wh and beloved than Tecumseh Sherman. Time, which destroys so many reputations, has strengthened his, and whatever adds to bis happiness or that of his house will be pro- foundly pleasing to the American people. ‘Tu yesterday West ha ‘There is more respected vrs of unusual interest came at Fleetwood Park. off In the un- finished trot, postponed from Monday, Royal | | George came in abead. Arthur won the | second trot, aud Nellie Walton the third, arguing before the Courts what they would be | | How much better a letter of this kind would | The | the aggregate yield will be about forty-five per | proved a disastrous blunder to our Southern | the | A Dose for Mayor Havemeyer=Mr. | John Kell; Vindication. Mr. John Kelly's reply to the charges pre- ferred against him by Mayor Havemeyer has | been made with remarkable and commenda- | ble promptness, considering the mass of figures to be reviewed and the length of time covered by the transactions to which they refer. September 18, and Mr. Kelly did not return to the city until September 22. It has, there- fore, only a lengthy indictment, carefully and shrewdly drawn, which is known to have occupied months in perfecting and to have enlisted the ability of at least one experienced lawyer and of a number of expert accountants in tho Finance Department. This is creditable to Mr. Kelly, inasmuch as it proves that his accounts while in the public service must have been accurately kept and that the records of his official transactions have been faith- fully preserved—a fact scarcely .consis- tent with official dishonesty, which usually seeks by the destruction of records to prevent detection. As to the sufficiency of the reply there will probably be no difference of opinion among disinterested and fair-minded men, so far as the charge of official fraud and robbery made against Mr. Kelly is concerned. The ex- Sheriff appears to show conclusively that Mr. Havemeyer's figures have been trickily and | deceptively arranged for the purpose of afford- ing a seeming warrant for snch accusations, unless, indeed, we may be charitable enough to suppose that the venerable Mayor has been purposely deceived or has been led into acci- dental error by the violence of his malignity against those who were instrumental in dis- turbing his favorite egg nest in Mulberry street, Outside of its personal bitterness and ma- statements to which Mr. Kelly was bound, in justice to himself and to the public, to make | The first and most serious of the | | charges was that Mr. Kelly, while Sheriff of | A lawyer | reply. New York, had reported to the Secretary of State and charged the county of New York for about one hundred thousand more convic- tions than had actually been had during his term of office. As the Sheriff is entitled | to a certain fee on each convictiun it fol- lowed that if this charge was true he had swindled the county out of a largesum of | money, set down by Mr, Havemeyer at nearly | thirty-five thousand dollars. The Mayor en- | deavored to prove the offence against Mr. to be made to the Secretary of State by the clerks of Courts of Record and of Special Sessions of New York gave during Mr. Kelly's | victions, while the returns to the same official, | required to be made by the Sheriff, gave’ one hundred and thirteen thousand. The fact must have been apparent to all | who gave any attention to the Mayor's figures | that the discrepancy between the returns of the clerks of courts and those of the Sheriff existed only in the Courts of Special Sessions, and not in Courts of Record. The explana- tion is now afforded by Mr. Kelly. A law was passed in 1839 requiring these returns of con- victions to be made to the Secretary of Stato | from each city and county of the State. A circular was sent out by the Sec- retary of State explaining that the object of the law was to “obtain such accurate sta- | | crimes as may guide intelligent legislation.” any practical value the convictions in the | Police Courts of New York ought to be re- | | down as a rule that, between a fee and bribe | on all questions that may be questions of legis- | lation, there can be and should be no differ- | turned, as well as those in Courts of Record and Special Sessions; hence the practice | was adopted by tho Sheriff long betore | Mr. Kelly’s first term of office | menced to include the convictions in | the Police Courts. This practice was con- | firmed and legalized in 1861 by an amend- | ment to the law of 1839, which provided that “all courts in the city of New York having | | jurisdiction in cases where criminal con- | of this act, declared Courts of Special Ses- | sions, whether composed of one or more | police magistrates.” The clerks of the 'Cout of Special Sessions did not, | however, consider it their duty to | include in their returns to the Secretary of | State the convictions in the Police Courts, and | hence only reported the convictions in the | Court of Special Sessions of New York | county. This caused the difference in the re- turns, and Mr. Kelly proves by the record that in the Police Courts the convictions were | four times as many as those in the | Special Sessions. Furthermore, Mr. Kelly shows that by arrangement | with the Secretary of State’s office names of the persons convicted in the Police Courts were retained in the Sherifi’s possession, where they now remain open to inspection, while tabular statements of the number, nativity, sexes, ages and other | information required for statistical purposes | | were forwarded to Albany. Mr. Kelly might | { | | { | | the | \ | \ | have added a fact which he has overlooked— | \ namely, that in making up the statistics of | crime the Sheriff’s returns, and not the incom- \ plete returns of the clerks of Courts of Special | | Sessions, have always been used by the Secre- | | tary of State, | Other answers to counts in the Mayor's biil | of indictment are made by Mr. Kelly which } are equally conclusive, but which we must pass over, referring the reader to Mr. Kelly's exhaustive letter. When nounces that be has every record of his office safe; that he has every volume of police convic- tions, with names, offences and dates properly certified; that the name of every juror sum- moned by him in ‘sis on file, and that every book and paper in his poss open to the inspection of the Mayor and ot every nof New York, we ave bound to accept his figures as correct. But whea we | have said this we leave untouched the ssion is ques- | tion as to the official morality which allows a strictly conscientious man and a re former to take full advantage of laws which entitle him to — exorbitant fees and profits, and not to set the example | of true reform in his own person, Mr. | Kelly, finding enormous perquisites attached | to the Sheriff's office, ought, per! in the | opinion of some moralists, to have refused | the soney and used his influence while in | office to secure reform in the in- terest of the public. We admit, how- lever, that such ohilanthroov is rare. Mr. Havemeyer’s letter appeared on | taken eight days to answer | lignity Mayor Havemeyer’s letter contained | Kelly by showing that the returns required | two terms of office only twenty thousand con- | tistical information concerning convicts and | It was evident that to make these statistics of | com- | victions are had are hereby, for the purposes | during his two terms of office more than the ex-Sheriff an- | even among the model reformers of our own day. Register Sigel went into office on the shibboleth of reform, and we heard a great deal pending his elec- tion about the heavy fees and the great benefit that would be conferred on the dear people by their reduction if they would only “fight mnt Sigel’ and win the battle of economy. We have not heard that the perquisites of the office are less now than they were under | “ring rule.” The present Comptroller took office as a reformer; but the reform we have | had in the Finance Department has been in the direction of prodigality and inefficiency. The convicted Police Commissioners were re- formers; yet the street cleaning iniquities un- der their management scarcely tended in the direction of reform. The Commissioners of Charities and Correction are of the reform stamp; but their dry goods, flour, beef and false bills do not evince a desire to save tho people's money. So if Mr. Kelly did not prove himself a marvel of reform and economy while in office he cer- tainly has plenty of company. We can only advise him, now that he has given usa fur- ther proof of the untruthfulness, vindictive- ness and trickery of the unfortunate Have- meyer, to remain ont of office himself, and to use his political influence to secure those | reforms which are needed in the Sheriff's office and in nearly all other public offices before we can enjoy a government based upon truly honest, upright and economical business principles. Lieutenant Whecler’s Explorations, While Professor Hayden and his corps of colaborers for several years have been en- gaged in unveiling the hitherto unexplored | and unknown wonders of the Rocky Moun- tains, from Colorado northward to the mar- vellous geysers, boiling springs and canyons of the Yellowstone and those surrounding groups of lotty mountains in Wyoming, Mon- tana and Idaho Territories, Lieutenant Wheeler and his large and well equipped force of engineers, geologists, naturalists, botan- ists, entomologists, &c., have been doing ex- cellent service in their explorations of that vast terra incognita embracing large portions of Utah, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico and Colorado, of which regions, previous to these explorations, very little was known. From their researches in Western Colorado Lieuten- ant Wheeler and his immediate party have returned to Denver, with the report that, in their value and importance, the general re- sults of their recent expedition are far beyond the work of previous years. First, a new pass has been discovered over | the backbone of the Rocky Mountains, low | enough for a railway to the Gunnison Valley, which is described as the richest region of the | Rocky Mountain range. Gunnison Valley is | watered by the South Branch of the Grand | River, and Grand and Green rivers at their | junction are merged in that wild and terrible | river, the Colorado of the West, whose ovitlet, | a thousand miles below, is the Gulf of Cali- fornia. Fremont and Gunnison, in thei offi- cial reports, as ‘‘pathfinders,” speak in rap- tures of the natural beauties of Colorado Ter- | ritory west of the Rocky Mountain ‘‘divide”"— ; a region of rich meadows, beautiful parks, | forests, fresh water lakes and perennial | streams. A feasible route for a railway to the | heart of this inviting region will doubtless | soon be followed by the building of the road and the settlement of the country. | Our despatch from Denver on Wheeler's dis- | coveries next informed us that the finest collec- tion of fossil remains ever found in America had been secured by Professor Cope, paleon- tologist of the expedition ; that on the shore of an ancient ocean in New Mexico forty-seven | specimens were found in one day, and that the | megatherium, the mastodon, and all classes of saurian monsters illustrating the animal life | | of the saurian epoch are among these valuable | specimens. But the ocean here referred to ‘emust have been a fresh water lake, for those | animals, like the rhinoceros and hippopota- mus of the present day, were fresh water | creatures, and lived upon the vegetation of fresh water lakes, rivers and swamps. In the | southeastern corner of California and extend- | | ing up into Nevada there is the bed of an | ancient inland sea or bay which in ancient times was but an expansion and prolongation | of the present Gulf of California. For this | | Dow dry desert basin Senator Jones, of Ne- | vada, has secured a survey, for the purpose of | ascertaining the cost of reconverting it into an inland sea by means of a canal to the Colo- | | rado River, only some fifty miles distant, the | general level of the basin being two ane | feet below the sea. The fossils of this desert basin indicate | their salt water origin as distinctly as those of | the ‘great bone yards’’ ot Nebraska, Dakota, | water habitat. Doubtless when the Colorado | desert was an arm of the sea immense areas of the now elevated and arid plains east and west of the Rocky Mountains were fresh testified that Phelps was able to make ezaet imitations of his own and the State Comp- troller’s handwriting. The State Treagurer Ought to have been watchful of 50 accom plished a cierk. A Great Nautical Invention. One of the greatest inventions in steam machinery which the fertile genius of the age | has produced has recently been announced and successfully tested in England. Like all other really valuable designs for giving safety it acts upon the principle that an ounce of pre- vention is better than a pound of cure. The contrivance is an automatic engine governor, whose work is to regulate the motion of the steamship's propeller, so as to save the ship from the frequent and fatal breakdown by straining of the machinery. The mammoth passenger steamship of the present day, onco at sea, is almost wholly de- pendent on the strength and safe working of her screw. The safe and efficient action of the screw depends on ths immobility of the water in which it revolves and in its sufficient immersion, Every sea-goer on the great steamers has felt the shock and peril of the “vacing” of the engines when, in a heavy sea, the propeller is lifted out of the water and the revolution is four or five times increased. In. stantly a sudden check is brought to bear on all the connections, the whole apparatus is subjected to an intense strain and then comes the ominous breaking of the shaft, leaving the vessel at the mercy of the storm. The invention to which we allude applies an anticipative correction of this catastrophe by its automatic action. It consists of a pneumatic air chamber, which communicates with the sea through a sea-valve and with the throttle valve of the engine, and acting some- what after the principle of the Westinghouse air-brake on steam cars when the train is broken. This pneumatic governor, so simple and instantaneous in its operation, cuts off the steam from the engines by the transference of pres sure the instant.a heavy sea begins to lift the screw out of the water. The adjustment is such that when or before the propeller is raised out of the resisting medium, and before acceleration can ensue, the throttle has served its purpose and the shaft been relieved from all tension. Nothing could be simpler and more summary in its working, and scarcely any in- vention could afford greater safety, comfort and economy to all steam vessels employing the screw. The economy of steam, and consequently of fuel, by closing off the supply of motive power from the boiler when the propeller is in the air, must be very great in long voyages, The enormous saving of the wear and tear of the facings and gearing and the relief of the shafts and rods from the tremendous tension of the rolling waves must be still greater economy to the steamship company. But the outweighing consideration of the great security to life and property from so cheap and self-acting a contrivance will very much evhance the popularity of every ocean steamer which itis known employs it. The sim- plicity, inoxpensiveyess ard self-evident utility of this invention should strongly com- mend it to all our steam lines, especially on the boisterous Atlantic, and no time should be lost in fitting it upon their vessels before the winter gales set in. Wuere are tue Orv Leaprrs?—A Riche mond correspondent paints asad picture of the state of Southern society and politics since the war. He criticises Mr. Davis sharply, and presents what will with some softening of tone be undoubtedly the historical estimate of this singular man. The passing away of the men who were leaders in the rebellion, out of all relation to reconstruction, is one of the saddest phases of the whole situation. The South will never assume her true place in the Union until her real leaders come to the front, PERSINAL INTELLIGENCE. eR SS John Cochrane’s Convention was Lanigan’s ball. Soutuern Culorado is “Purple with wild plums,” Captain A, Bland, of the British Navy, is quar: tered at the Windsor Hotel. Mr. Dewitt C. Littlejohn, of Oswego, is sojourn: ing at the Metropolitan Hotel. Rear Admiral J. H. Strong, United States Navy, is registered at the Everett House. Judge E. G. Loring, of the United States Court of Claims, is residing at the New York Hotel, Mr. R, B, Angus, Manager of the Bank of Mom. treal, bas apartments at the Brevoort House. Lieutenant Governor John C. Robinson is among the recent arrivals at the Metropolitan Hotei Lieutenant Colone: A. McD. Mclook, United | States Army, has quarters at Barnum’s Hotel, Wyoming and New Mexico indicate a fresh | water lakes, swarming with the monstrous | | the shop windows. aquatic animals of the saurian epoch. But these recent explorations, in a practical view, have resulted in far more important discov- eries than the fossil remains of extinct ani- | mals, They have greatly enlarged the area of | habitable and productive lands in our new | Territories beyond what it was supposed to | | be, and have thus proportionately increased | | our country's general resources of wealth and | prosperity. A few years hence from these ex- plorations the existing blanks on the maps of | the western division of the United States will be filled up with the mountains, rivers, lakes, and plams belonging to them, and not till | then shall we fully realize the grandeur and | the resources of our goodly dnheritance, | Governor Kentoca ox His Derence,— | Governor Kellogg has issued an address to ; the people otf the United States, in | which be attempts to justify his original | usurpation of power im the un fortunate State he misrules, and next, to prove that his carpet-bag government has been an honest one. The best thing he could | do to satisfy the people of the United |s States would be to relieve the people | of Louisiana of his presence, and | to leave them free to choose their own State government by a fair vote of all entitled |; to the tranchise, black and white, give of his honesty. Of course we do not ex- pect him to give it. Tne Case or Pars, th the 0 defaulting clerk in the State Treasurer's office, is now Leing tried at Albany, Mr. Raines, the Tresaurer, This | wonkl be the most conviucing proof he could | | years, | the Russian Grand Duke Constantine. Ex-Governor Alexander H. Bullock, of Mas sachusetts, is staying at the Filth Avenue Hotel, At Arras MacMahon was salutad with the shout “Vive L’Empereur!" and responded “Vive La Ré. publique |’? Samuel H, Pook, United States Naval Constructor at Charleston Navy Yard, has been ordered to Brooklyn. Mr. Orlow W. Chapman, Superintendent of the New York Insurance Department, is at the Filta Avenue Hotel. Authority in France attends to very small mat- ters. Now ut ts seizing the portraits of Bazaine in Lieutenant Colonel J. H. Baxter, of the Meatca) Department, United States Army, is stopping at the Fifth Avenue Hotel. Assistant Surgeon General Charles H. Crane, United States Army, arrived from Washington yesterday at the Gilsey House, President Thomas A, Scott and Vice Presidente JN, Cullough and William Tharr, of the Pennsyl vania Railroad Company, are at the St. Nicholaa Hotel, Princess Elizabeth Stirbey, née Cantacuzene, and formerly joint occupant of the throne in Wal- lachia, died at Geneva recently, aged seventy-two She was a reigning princess beiore the Hohenzoliern went into her country, 1t was rumored in Paris that the police of that clty had discovered a conspiracy against the lite of Whether among Russian socialists or Polish exiles is not re- ported. Larkin G. Mead, the American sculptor who | designed and executed the elaborate monument to Lincoln, erected over his grave at Springield, Ti., has just arrived from Florence, and will pio ceed to Springfield to Attend the inaugural ce’e monies of his great work. Dreadful discovery in economical Geneva. The Duke of Brunswick left a legacy of a million tranca to an Englishman, and the Canton has paid it over withont the reduction of the tax on legacies which would have amounted to $24,000. Corruy tion, ring, robbery, &e., Kc. Pretty old boys in Europe, Guizot died at eight seven, and Prince MentschikoT at eignty-fived just taking a run from Russia to Paris, He is ? grandson of the first of the family who made delicious pastry that Peter the Great promfd him to politics and the Cabinet, At Camoridge, Englund, the pavite decay 8¢ deeyly interested in a domestic drama thafhey were not satisied at tho fall of the curtaiy? 52¢ the villain of tae piece mounting tae OWS jo bina They wanted the curtain up again hanged and thoy made a row avout it,