The New York Herald Newspaper, July 7, 1874, Page 3

NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, JULY 7, 1874—TRIPLE SHEET, - THE BLACK HILLS. General Custer’s Expedition Into the Sacred Land of the Sioux. THE TREATY OF 1868 ee Excitement and Mustering of the Indians. APPREHENSIONS OF TROUBLE. The Savages Beginning the Work of | Massacre and Pillage. Sr. PAvL, Minn., June 29, 1874, Aglance at the map will show the geograph- teal position of the Black Hills, a mountainous range commencing in the northwestern part of Wyoming Territory, extending into Soutnwestern Dakota to the Forty-third parallel north latitude and thence receding west until lost in the Rocky Mountains, They are seen, ata distance of sev- enty-five miles, lying like a dense black cloud against the western sky, and covered from top to base with dark forests of pine. ‘The valleys are eens ago an earnest presses, stating the dangers and consequences, and telling the President that this expedition violates all the principles of his oft- declared peace policy with the Indians and appeal- ing to him for the sake of humanity to stop 16. ‘fhe appeal has thus far been in vain, THE TREATY OF 1868, Ihave before me now the treaty of April 29, 1863, made and concluded on that day by and between Nathan el G, Taylor, William 1, Sherman, William S. Harney, Jonn B. Sanborn, 8, F. Tappan, C. C. Augur and Alfred H. Terry, Commissioners on the part of the Cnited States, and the chieis and head Men of the different tribes of Sioux Indians on the part of the Indians, and auly authorized by them. The first article declares that from this day tor- ward ail war betweeu the parties to the agree- ment shall cease. “The government of the United States desires peace, and its honor is hereby plecgea to maintain it.’ Offenders against we udians are to be arrested and punished, and in- juread persons are to be reimbursed for all losses | sustained, Article 2, by which the Black Hails country 18 secured to the Indians and its boundary fixed, is a8 follows :— “rbe United States agrees that the following dis- trict of country, to wit—commencing on the east bank of the Missouri River where the forty- Sixth parallel Of north latitude. crosses the same, thence aloug low Water inark down said east bank to & point opposite Where the northern line of the State of Nebraska strikes the river, then west across said river, and along the northern line or Nebraska to the 144th degree of longitude west srom Greenwich, thence north on said meridian to @ point Where the forty-sixth parallel of north lati- | tude intercep%s the same, thence due east along j said parallel to the pies of beginning, includin; 0 the eXisting reservations on the east bank of sat river, shail ve and the same 18 set apart for the absolute and undisturbed use and occupation of the Indians named in the treaty,” ‘This neides what is known as the Black Hills country, tae destination of Custer’s expedition and some ieatures of which 1 have already de- scribed, The same article of the treaty provides further in these words:—"And the United States how solemuly agrees tuat no persons except those | herein designated and authorized so to do, and e: cept such Officers, agents and employés of the overnment a8 may be authorized to enter upon Indian reservations iu discnarge of duties enjoined Was attacked near Beaver Creek Hills, on the morning of june 24, by @ party of twenty-five or thirty Cheyennes. They were charged upon imme- Giately and sent flying in all directions, Four In- dians were Killed and a number wounded, In their flight they abandoned ponies, bows and ar- rows and Indian trumpery of every description, DIFFERENCES AMONG THE DOCTORS, The Neurological Society on the Dog Distemper—Can Rabies Be Prevented or Cured t—An Interesting Discussion. A large meeting of physicians and others as- sSembled in the rooms of the Neurological Society Jast evening to listen to the discussion announced to take place on the subject of Hydrophobia ana Kindred diseases. Intellectual faces abounded and among them those of the wicked curs who dit “Ada Clare” and William McCormick, and another beast with teeth filed on theory. Dr. Hammond, late Surgeon General. of the United States Army, presided, Some routine busi- ness was gone through with, including the pro- mulgation of the orders sanctioning the electton of some new members, aud a few remarks on cholera and kindred pleasing subjects, but at last the tug of war Legan with a lengthy paper from the wortay President, whose theories ag to the nerve origin of the dread disease, hydrophobia, have been so thor- oughly ventilated inthe past few days, The ob- jective case, of course, was that‘of Mr, Willam McCormick, whose mutilated body was the object | (for the suke of science) of the carnest attention of such a number of Jearned surgeons and phy- sicians. Nothing particularly new was said about him. The particulars of the proceedings at the | autopsy and of sundry and divers experiments | c with us’? a long time ana would be a + thing,” edifying some persons me tame others. But the Professor can give his views in & succinct and satisfactory shape nimsell, and there- fore lappend them im his own janguage as tol- lows :— PROFESSOR SWIFT'S VIRWS. The perehelion distance of the commet is about 63,000,000 miles, or @ little within the orbit of Venus, Consequently for the tail to reacn the earth’s orbit t would extend from the head a dis- tance of about 25,000,000 miles, Will it extend that | distance during its visibility’ I think it will, and | more; but here the question arises, will the earth | be at the right point in its orbit to become im. | mersed in the cometic matter of which its tatlis | composed? My opinion is we will escape it en- | tirely and so will the moon, | ‘The tail has been increasing in length lately at | | the rate of some 500,000 miles per day. Its rate of | increase is now much greater, and will within a | jew days be enormously greater. The comet is @ | large one and so 1s tie nucleus, which 18 very | bright, with a disc more planetary than stellar. | The tau is wide in proportion to its length, but that ratio of width to length 1s Dow too rapidly | | changing. | SHALL WE BE ENVELOPED IN THE TAIL? | Pro essor Parkhurst has given the subject much more attention than I have, and his opinion 18 en. | titled to great weight, Should the tail increase in width (which is unprobable) as well asin length, THE COMET. Success of the Celestial Star Engagement. PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS TO THE COMET. | ned Mayor Havemcyer’s Recollections of a Hundred Years Ago. Professor Swift’s Views of the Present Phenomenon. The comet is now an old acquaintance. The | 3 THE SEASIDE CAPITAL. ———— Charming Prospects for the Summes ason—The President at Home—Influy of Visitors at Long Branch—A Word About Hops and Hoppers—Peculiar In- stitutions. LonG BRANcH, July 4, 1874, Now that the President haa retreated to hit summer home--a charming little spot, just suited to his quiet disposition—it might naturally be tn- ferred that he would be left to that delightful se- clusion which the place suggests and which the fatigues of his great office necessarily demand. Unfortunately, the eyes of the nation follow with anxiety the footsteps of 18 Chief Magistrate wherever he wends iis way, Nor ts the feeling that prompts this Watcufuiness one of mere curt- osity. Iv is suggested, rather, by an affectionate in terest which the head of the nation should al- ways command. It 18 uoticeable, among other things, that since President Grant arrived at Long Branch tne characteristic gloom of the | whining hotel keepers bas ceased in that part of food of gossip in every household tnroughent the Jand. In the city she has created a perfect furore. She is called the Coggia comet, but the boys and girls of the Bowery, who have their own peculiar way of getting around names of foreign spelling, call her ‘‘Codger’s comet," another enormous audience, extending from the Battery into the primeval forests of Westchester, | It i a great mistake to | suppose the visit of the Coggia comet is responsible for all the irregular things that have happened within the past few weeks, Astronomers have at | the tall than on the previous evening. last reached the conclusion that the visit of a Last evening she had and even further north, and should it be not too much curved, ft is not im- whole country is talking of her. She is the staple | possible but tua: we may be enveloped Init. But1 | the world bas commenced to disappear, De- question tt we should be sensible of itifwe were, | spite what may be urged to the con- | the matter of which it is composed being 80 rare. | trary, his presence has the talismanic effect | THE BLEMENTS OF THIS COMET | do not agree with wny comet that has appeared | Of attracting to his vicinity @ large part of the during the last 2,000 years. As ips Orne is n0 Ce | fashionable world, and already the regisiers in the arapolle it 1s Visiting us for the first and the | “ ast tlie, By the spectroscope we will learn dur- | best hoteis tell their own tale in black: and white, ing tae next two weeks more about the physical | Just as the Wunte House 1s the cynosure of obser- mate ol comets than we have learned during the | vation during the winter montiis, so likewise is ast 4,000 years, SIDENT" - Last night was the first since the withdrawal of Lappe leloieabera tela Spiga the incon, but unfortunately the sky was cloudy, | large or small though it be, the centre of attrac. From a few snatched views J had of it, tarough | tion during the summer, or so long as the Prest- the rifts in the clouds, I came to the conclusion | gent of the United States chooses to remain in it. | Altogether, apart from the political bores, buze that there was less indication of a subdivision of That, how- | | Sraticee be quickly done ina world of so much | zards and barnacies that generally clutch ana cling, ) activity. heavily timbered, of the richest black loam, dot- ted here and there with prairie and meadow and comet 1s purely of @ scientific character, comet comes on This to power in any shape, the residence of the chief magistrate of the nation, were itonlya hut in by law, shall be permitted to pass over, settle afverwards have been pretty fully given to the | upon, or reside in the territory described in this public already, commented on, disagreed with, THE COMETS MOTION. The rate of motion, even now, ls enormons, being | watered by a dozen or more mountatn | article, In consideration of this grant the Indians supported and otherwise disposed of. A SPECIAL VISIT thirty miles a second, and almost directly toward | ‘Texas, must always command atteftion from the agree torelinquish Other territory, to withdraw ®! | us—but its directi Ww Will begin change, streams, The provisions of the treaty | af opposition to the construction of all. railroads NOTHING VERY CONCLUSIVE to the Washington Observatory. She recognizes | “Tne distance of the comet Irom theeartiat thia | best people in the land. Although President Grant of April 29, 1868, entered into on | now being bullt on the plains, to permit the peace- | in this matter or any other was reached last night. the ability of Professor Eastman and his entire | gate is, roughly sneaking, 60,000,009 mules; longi- | 18 naturally fond ofseciusion and retirement, the iui construction of any rauroad not passing over their reservation.” ‘the sixth clause of the ninth article allows damages to the Indians Jor crossing their reservation with any road, THE EXCLUSIVE RIGHT OF THE INDIANS, | The persons excepted in the ubove provisions | and allowed to enter the territory are described | and enumerated in the treaty. They are to be | employs of the government im the discnarge of duties enjoined by law. General Custer’s expe- | dition by no construction of the treaty can pos- sibly be Included within these exceptions, But, as if to add stronger lorce and obligation to this corps of assistants, The eccentric action of Mayor Havemeyer in restoring the discarded Police Com- missioners is due more to the influence of the moon than of the comet, Should the latter come near enough to Long Branch President Grant will | er are make along speech, He will say that the Empire | THE VIEW FROM WASHINGTON. | is peace; that it is on easy terms with all foreign | Nations except South Carolina, Louisiana and | Arkansas; that these turbulent nations tried in | vain to disturb the solid foundations of the Empire tude of pereheiion about 272 degrees; of nod high office he holds will, of course, draw towards about 120 degrees; inclination o: orbit to earth’s | orbit some 6$ degrees. These elements are only | Mm those who believe in sustaining the dignity of approximate, ag its apparent motion 1s so slow. | the position, and it may readily be inferred that | But a small part of its visible orbit has been seen. | nis advent at Long Branch will bring together é that class of people whose refined cuiture make fashionable life at the capital so enjoyabie during the long wintry mopths, Of the many brilliant men who have filled the oMce, perhaps President Grant is the least anxious for display, yet it 1s the part of the government by the Indian Commis- sioners, Generals Harney, Terry, Sanborn and others, and the Indian ‘chiefs and representatives of the Sioux tribes, solemnly reserved this entire region for the exclusive occupancy’of the Indians. “3, It was expressly stipulated in that treaty that Delther government troops nor other expeditions should enter or occupy tt. The military posts within its limits were abandoned and have not since been occupied, Mutual obligations were im- Doctor Hadden, the McCormick tamily physician, detailed the symptoms of the case at length. He confuted the popular idea that there had been any particular and abuormai pain attending the last moments of the deceased, He said the spasmodic action or “jactation” of the limbs was no more than might occur in a severe colic with a child, | and that the popular remedies, Which he tried, of hypodermic applications of morphia and atropia or beiladonna, so warmly encouraged by the medica! | press of the entire civilized world, had no more | ee WASHINGTON, July 6, 187: | The third night of the brilliant heavenly per- | formance of “uid Codger,” as the come; is now provision and to remove all possible doubt of its | etrect than eth * oy | doubtless, fondly hoped by those who will centre posed by the treaty upon the Indians, but on the | meaning, 1 quote now the sixteenth article of the |'to swallow were, PAmastimbaavauoeenalaa ane | and are now figiiting among themselves like the | sqmitiarly called, attracted such a crowd of visitors | 1n his immediate neighborhood that the season express condition that the Black Hills country | treaty, Witch is as fOlloWs:— oe berayy agrees | Frees Was n GtTONE,, eRAmOULS action,” and fea canal cats, of whom the tails were the | to the Ubservatory as to render it tmpossible for | Will not pass without some of those enjoyanle re~ ould remain their ex asession, The | . “ARTICLE 16,—The ice Was violently ejected When offered, He bad | Only reminders. rotessor! 1 ir as , unions in which the aristocratic and fashionable * heir exclusive possession, The | and sripulaces that the country north of the North | from cases occurring two years ago come to be: pee ne the professors to proceed with thelr astronomical reasons will be manifest further on in this narra- tive, SILENT PREPARATION FOR THE INVASION. unceded Indian plate and also Rae IA as ies os wr agrees that no white person or persons shal 1 For montis past preparations have been | permitted to settle upon or occupy ony portion of silently made to fit out a military expedition to | the same, or without the consent of the Indians, invade ths last restins place of tne Indians. The | Hrst had xnd obtained, to pass through the same; as i and it is further agreed by the United States that movement has been kept quiet. Not a word Wa8 within ninety days uiter the conclusion of peace breathed of it in Congress; the country has been | with all the bands be ae er ROE ie ey | ent | posts now established in the territory in this Eene sr enrense ol ee rosa re. ete CE, article named shall be abandoned, and that the when it has become full blown aud ready to start | yoad leading to them and by them through the on its mission that the facts have become known. | settlements in the Territory of Montana shall be | The expedition was advertised to start June 30, | closed.” trom the camp about two miles from Fort A. Lin- ’ coln and some five or six miles from Bismarck, Platte River and east of the summits of the Big | observations. Horn Mountains shail be held and considered to,vé He will continue in his remarks to say that the THE NEED OF A SPECTROSCOPE. idea of Mayor Havemeyer, of New York, a village | Great regret is expressed that Congress did not just west of Long Branch, seeking a third term 13 | provide for the spectroscope until too late tor tt to | one of the most absurd conceptions of the age. | pe of any use im the tests to be applied to the “Your Celestial Highness,” the President will say | Gogyia Comet. Nothing can be expected trom the (his speech being already in the hands of the Asso- | largest telescope in the world, simply because clated Press), “should understand thatI am op- | Congress did not see the utility of a spectroscope. | posed to this third term theory. I+ has tne posi- | As already stated in these despatches, the only | tive effect of sapping the efiictency of the civil giass at all serviceable at the Observatory is service, and of making the servants of tne people | tne comet-seeker, and this is so small the tools of an autocrat. I am down on it tuott | that a person unacquainted with the motions of | and nail, and my wisn is that atthe end of my | the heavenly bodies can in two minutes’ time term, in the year 1890, a pure, iresh stream of | jearn to train and control its movements, Yet world so longingly desire to participate. MOVEMENTS OF THE PRESIDENT, This was a bracing day at Long Branch The very best of teams were out in force, As pre- viously stated few were aware of the Presidenv’s arnval here until the announcement in the HERALD Of Sunday. The fashionable world there. upon bestirred itself, and all day vigilant eyes were ol the lookout for a glimpse of the Presiden~ tial chariot. It did not appear, however, for the President remained at home the entire day,’ re- ceiving few callers and manifesting a determined desire to be let alone. 1 may mention tiat the President, despite the cares and troubles of his great office, looks hale and vigorous, and, as seen strolling through tue grounds of his handsome cote lieve in the granular degeneration with the fatty and Oily symptoms noticed by Dr. Hammond, Dr. Hammond again insisted on what lie calls his PATHOLOGICAL TRIPOD, 1, The damage to the cortical substance of the brain, with corresponding hallucinations, 2 The trouble with the mediila obiongata and consequent trouble in swallowing. 8. The mischief with the spinal accessory and hyper- glossai pneumogastric nerves, the eftects of which have been already fully set forth in the HeRaLp, Dr. Hammond was by no means so certain last night as he had been that hydrophobia was nota | poisoning of the blood, He noticed the tetanold condition of the sufferers as well a8 the possible derangement of the nerve centres ad initio. He instanced causes of epilepsy and peripheral excite- ment, especially of one young lady in a state of | These forts—three in number—were subse- quently abandoned and the entire territory placed at the exclusive and absoluje disposal of tie [n- the present terminus of the Northern Pacific Rail- | Pee Gress ae eon Located en horrific ra whieh, seemed ie support | Water may be turned on, and the foul places of | out of the throng of ladies and gentlemen who | \8?s, seams Ie Eater eae Aah peste road in Dakota Territory. It went into camp on | {he 24th of February, 1969. it is How the law of | pites “imight “be “initicrea hy ymoPHeme | oMcial Ite bo swept clean. Your Celestial High | assemoled at the Udservatory to-night, there was | brazen-faced office hunters will leave lim to tag the 19th inst, and was to have started on the 25th, the land, its obligations binding civil and miittary | ina rabid condition, and was supported by the | before the assembling oF Gongera. Oonorenes | Rot one who was not better, satisfied with a peep | "enjoyment of his wellearnee renee ae but was delayed by the non-arrival of arms and | authorities alike. 4 great authority, Dr, Fleming, in his belies, Hydro- | town? ‘Peesitent Grant will thus deliver meer | S¢duplter and lus quartet of woons than With the | to imagine, | But to, sce lum at his ease, quietly | ARMS AND AMMUNITION, phobia thay even arise spontaneously, Fright will | to the comet when she dips down to Long Branch. comet, nucleus, tail and all. seated on the verandah of bis unpretentious man. equipments. The last requisition of arms and equipments p ie Branch, “OLD CODGRE’S” APPEARANCE. sion enojying the breeze irom the far resounding sea, it seems @ pity that his privacy should be obtruded upon. He passed the day quietly | and received calls from a few friends who went to | greet him for ms own sake, and duripg the atter~ noon held pleasant commune with those whom Jong acquaimtance had made him familiar, Aiter | dinner nis fine team was hitched up, and as the HER LUMINOUS PROPERTIES. | sun was sinking in the west his carriage roiled out eG comet seeker Was so arranged ne only the | met ee eck aa anes aa es en ace ict ® choler reflection of comet? fell upon the ovject | handles the ribbons like a rand Hee eee ee Ae ENE eARee ECR CUTTS tee ee re eer otra tee peeaue of that glass; Sy ODLTHATAS can eetinonnerthesine | whirled past the West End Hotel to the admiration | tinently gave up the ghost. Hydrophobia, alter | feavure. Her present location is between the Dip. 3 is sy { | terior rument dis Ms embie: pong, ust stretched out, tem and so was insanity, curiosity felt in regard to this comet among all the q 7) 1 " p | and the night dark, the comet was not so well de- a numer of mad bo renee Rea I TOTS a CA Pe pag at Ne ia’ neutral light. ‘The display for a few | It was a delicious evening and the avenue was Seabids) The fatality of hy chia wr O’Ryan. The Great Dog and Little Dog have got'into | jnore evenlugs will be attractive. Aiter this Week | crowded with splendid equipages. Alter a very were rabid. The fatality of hydrophobta was only | 9 snarl over her, and the Lion roars and the Bull | good oy “Old Codger,” lor the chances Of a fine | spiritea drive the President returned to his cobs SE ee eae eine hemes caniy ean Ra the i Pe Peal and Pollux take ti | display will decrease day by day tage, Where he passed the evening in comparative t a Ben easy, knowing they have fasiand abunaans Iriends ca : ‘ate {th genuine cases in a year, including those of Butler 4 ~ ——— retirement, only a few intimate friends being ; cause it, destined for Custer arrived here a day or two ago, | and was Immediately iorwarded to Custer by way of the Northern Pacific Railroad, It is reported | that Custer’s advance guard moyed on the 30th, The rouie of the expedition 18 along the valley of the Hart River, from Bismarck to the Cheyenne, | and thence to the Black Hills, There is abundant | Lyssophobia, or the dread of hydropho- bia, is as fatal as hydrophobia itself, The whistle of a locomotive had been kuown to kill a dog, and other unexpected pleasures of u like nature have been known to kill men and women, especial- ; It will be the longest and most remarkable speech | of his life, | STIR AMONG THE HEAVENLY CONSTELLATION | ake comet Kept seat Geyeed in the heavens | 0 until Near two o'clock A. M. ‘The tail showed con- ly women. Cholera was frequently contracted by | giderable development since the previous night. pure or tmpure nmagination. The doctor instanced | The spectrum Was more positive, and as scen the trite case of the Russian Consul, who was | through the telescope the luminosity was intenst- | placed in the very clean couch occupied by the | fled, ‘Ihe nose of the Great Bear seemed to have | Ozarina, and, under the impression that it had | peen squeezed a little, as the comet appeared to | ITS ORGANIZATION. The expedition is in command of General Custer, who is Lieutenant Colonel of the Seventh cavalry | and the only eld officer with it, Generali Sturges, | the Colonel of the regiment, remains at St. Paul, | and, so far as ig known, has nothing whatever |} ture; the water Is somewhat bad, but the route to do with it, It is really Custer’s expedition, | fe'without otuer aificuities, ‘The distance trom gotten up under his auspices ana for his benefit, Bismare , or the camp, is about 200 miles, or ten and that of his brother officers, if it ve possible | Gays) march. | oe CEST noERee that any good can come out of it. The organiza- provided with sixty days’ rations and expect to be | tion is composed of teu companies of the Seventh absent about that length of time. cavalry—five under the immediate command of + * Guster and five under Forsyth, of General Skeri- THE HOSTILE SIOUX. dan’s staff, who came on here a few days ago sy “Old Codger” has never appeared to better ad- | ‘antage than to-night. bove the nucleus, for | fully a degree, the light was intensely bright for a cometary body, while the tail spread out like that of a peacock, and at times gave all the evidence of auroral influence, intensifying, then soitening into an almost imperceptible light. THE TAIL OF A COMET. with Colonel Fred. Grant, to accompan Pa ¥ cases in 4, “ OI aud admirers, but the Kagie and the Great Bear Be cipate in his hospitality. a2 - the oxpedition—two companies. of intutry | They Foar Nothing in the Absence of Custer— | Sud McCormick, Entyrlstio was a tydropnovie | are Scencoe meas “DEATH ON THE PALE MORSE.” PFeR OT tO PTE INFLUX OF VISITORS.” 9 | 3 . | Sighs, BU pie, SCIENTIFIC ANALYSSS OF TITE COMET, \ iu 8 the Lé under Major L. H, Sanger, a A Herd Captured Under tue Guns of Fort MR. JENNINGS, THE DOG DEALEK, Professor Rayet, of whom mention has previously tat uh Sah! Jin eigetc A pope anne ea ate one Benen: hat Has Occurred at the Hippodrome | Duxing One Hundred and Thirty- | , produced evidence to suow that ‘Ada Clare” died | heen made, aud who knows more about comets | -V of fright. due “dorg’” that bit her bit him and he | than fifus nm, declares that since astronoufers was a right. Pilot Cowmpissioner Biunt sent a han Most mon, declares sha 4 | of three Gatling ‘ana one Rodman guns, com: sai oe 5 Lincoin—Cavalry Needed for Pursuit. Yhatded by Lientenant Josiah Chance, and a de- ‘the time tue last tack 1s pattened into the carpet until the last trunk disappears en route tO the cit) | \ battery | } as have used the spectroscope in research in celestial | ne tains asmile. 1tis a game of chance wit! tachment of engineers under Colonel Ludlow, with | Bismarck, Dakota Territory, July 5, 1874. communication to the cect that he knew aman | phystes no brilliant comet visible to the unaided | Wight Performances—The Walking | 1 ere opening tote foes: end; like a phi sixty Indian scouts, commanded by Lleutenant | me sioi hot only bolder about here, now | WHO tied of supposed, hydrophobla In the Dublin | eye has appeared in the portion of the heavens that | Mateh of the Letter Carriers=Station A | losopler, nis silo is perpetual. ‘t supgose most : Z % | Sioux are ly le a Hospital, while the offending dog lived comfortabiy | they are able to explore. The problems that such | people estimate the success of a season by the Wallace, General Custer’s stat are Lieutenant | nat they believe that Custer is sofar away that he | and died respected in years afterward, Sedma would witheat doubt abtve are numerous, |. Vietoriows. Calhoun, Acting Assistant Aajutant General; Cap- tain A. E. Smith, Quartermaster; Assistant Surgeon J, W. Williams, Chief Medical Ofiicer. Colonel Frederick Grant goes as acting aid, Pro- fessor Winchell, Minnesota State Geologist; Pro- fessor Grinnell, of Yale, and practical miners and explorers accompany the expedition, which has been provisioned for sixty days and armed with the new Springfield guns. THE SAUTE SIOUX SCOUTS. On Monday, the 22d of June, twenty-eight Sante scouts, Who bad been sent for by General Custer, arrived in St. Paul under charge of the Rev. Mr. Hinman and proceeded directly to the rendezvous, They were reluctant to come, but whon ordered by General Custer such 18 their loyalty to the government that they Immediately obeyed. These scouts belong to the Saute Sioux, composed of the old Warpkutec, Medawakanton and Sessetons bands, who were engaged ip tbe Sioux massacre in Minnesota in 1862, but are now peacefully settled near Yankton, in Nebraska. These saute Stoux, numbering about 2,000, under the labors of Bistop Whipple and his missionaries, have decome completely elvilized, THE BLACK HILLS COUNTRY ig a central rendezvous tor the Sioux of the Upper Missouri aud mountain regions. They all have au equal interest in it. Itis tue great reserved iunt- ing ground of the Sioux nations, to.which, in case | of a scarcity or failure of the hant on the 7 elsewhere within their boundaries, they can always resort, Itis their great game preserve, where, according to a geperal national game law, gaine ts careiuily preserved and cared for to supply their necessities and prevent starvation in time of need. No vand is allowed to establish a viliage in the Black Hills, because that would lead to too great a destraction of the game. It is the common property of all, held sacred and inviolate. The valieys of the Black Hills, covered with deuse forests, abound in game, At certain seasons of the year the Sioux, there assemble to hunt and to celebrate their mys- | tic rites and ceremonies, but are always careful not to diminish too much the means of support. Those living on the plains obtain there the tent or | tepel poles with which they construct their rade sheitering from the storms and cold of winter, ‘There they pasture their horses during the winter, | plished by them this morning. the forests affording protection not found on the snow-swept prairies. SEALOUSY OF THE INDIANS. For fifteen years this country bas been a terra | clausa, or forbidden land. So jealous have the In- dians been of its possession and so fearful of losing ‘this their last dependence fora living that no white man has been perinitted to enter it within that | eriod, Smati expeditions that have ventured in hat direction have been invariably driven back or massacred. The Indians have regarded the country as their own, lplding it bythe title which God gave them, and sanctioned by the most sol- emn treaty obligations of the United States gov- ernment. It was set apart, years ago, as their ex- clusive possession, It was sacredly stipuiated that no troops should be sent there, and when the Indian Commissioners, Generals Harney and Terry, and their associates were appointed by the Presi: cannot punish them, but they seem disposed to display all their original and native flerceness, The posts are not sutliciently protected since the withdrawal of the troops comprising the Black | | Hills expedition, and the need of cavalry is strongly felt. It will not be surprising it some in- stance of great cruelty and horror should arouse the country and the higher authorities of the army to a consciousness of the SAVAGE INSTINCTS AND TRAITS still existing in the Indian organization, notwith- standing that nothing to surpass the depredations | of the Modocs has occurred since the annihilation of that tribe. The public mind was too easily de- ceived by the comparative quietude along the frontier which followed the tragic and sanguine events of the month of May, 1873, into the delusive thought that the savage intellect-had received a sufiiclently convincing demonstration of the use- lessness and foily of provoking to anger the great mass of the white people. But TUE MUITERINGS OF DISCONTENT and mutiny which have continually arisen from the reservations of the Sloux during the winter and spring forboded something still more serious, Nothing more elevated or more reasonable than fear could have kept them in check, and the main | object of this wholesome feeling on their part was | General Custer. Siuce the movement of the Black Hills expedition began they have supposed him to be at the head of that command, and Killings and robberies have become suddenly more frequent. The Sioux tribes are growing every day more saucy and unlicensed in their behavior. THE INDIANS CAPTURE A HERD, A bold and successful foraging raid was accom- A band of sixty Sioux, painted in their hideous hostile colors and armed with a large number of weapons of various kinds, burst suddenly upon the view of the sentt- nels about a mile and @ half from rort Lincoln. It was about seven o'clock in the morning. A herd of cattle and mules were grazing there, and they | were rapidly stampeded by the savages, SEVERAL SHELLS WERE FIRED at them from the guns ofthe fort, but they re- treated successiully with their yaluable booty. Had there been leit at the fort by Custer any good | cavalry they might easily have and severely punished. would not probably have been as bold in their ad- vance. What will be the next outrage by the Sioux it is impossible to anticipate, been overtaken The Sioux Massacring Settlers. fy. Pavt, Minn, July 6, 1874. ) ment after bein, | Stroke. But in such a ease they | Prevention by excision was urged by several gentlemen, at any time prior to the development | of the disease, with ligatures, &c., to isolate the | wound. Schivardi, the Italian, was quoted in his | galvanic treatment, ag already jully detailed in | the HERALD, THE DOG THAT BIT M’CORMICK, @ happy looking beast, frisking his stubby tail, Was introduced to the audience as the offending | man slaughterer, He has had his teeth flied. i Resolutions to file the teeth of dogs and giving \ reasons tuerefore were introduced and adopted nemcon. Bergh will be accordingly reqnested to devote himself to dog dentistry with laughing gas. Dr. Dalton made some remarks about the imocu- lation Of the virus of hydrophobia, and was lis- tened to with great attention, So was another gentleman, who contended that a bite from any dog or cat, rabid or not, Was ex- | tremely dangerous, and adduced incidents to prove his views. DR. LENT’S YIBWS, Dr, Lent confinea his brief remarks to two prac- tical points—measures for prevention and treat- bitten. He thougnt hydrophobia largely consisted in & state of mal-nutrition of the nervous system and believed firmly in BEEF TEA AND BRANDY, Chloroform, hypodermic injections, &c., he con- | sidered simply “bosh.”’ Quiet and galvanism he thought excellent, but not essential. Another geutieman discoursed on the saliva of | the rabid dog, and Dr. Beard went 1n for a heavy | cannonade on THE GALVANIC QUESTION. He would galvanize the pit of the stomach witha positive pole aud the spinal cord with the central | galvanism, 80 useiul in hysteria, as well as the | great many comets. anterior sternum muscles and the pueumogastric nerves, He would ulso use icebags, &C., &3 In sun. He believed in the knife, not so much in nitrate of silver, but in anything which would seize the trouble at once and protect the surrounding tissues against the virus, Several other gentle- men spoke. It was a very, late session. NATIONAL PYROTECHNICS, The Last of the Fourth of July Powder Burned Last Night, The display of freworks which was postponed onthe evening of the Fourth in consequence of the rain came off with great success yesterday evening at Union square, foot of Canai street (North River), Tompkins square, Washington square, Fort Washington, Fleetwood Park and in their spectra, | ing school, now running around on her vacation. | He wilt keep his eye on her, however, for the sake Itit only regent ha eo ee etl (al oar ee i] \ of the wave lengtlis of the three bright pands o. elt " d since that date there have | their. ‘spectra and the datermination of the | 0 the 17th of April, and aince geese pict chemical composition of the bodies to which they | been given 138 performances, and the following ts belong. All comets which become: visible to the | alist of the accidents that Dave occurred in that | unaided eye tt is important to stndy and to watch | time:— Si és 2 while visible, in the hopes of discovering changes ‘Miss Hess, arm broken by being thrown from uer horse; atthe same time two otner ladies were | thrown but not hurt. Miss Lewis, hurt by being | strack with the pole of a chariot. Miss Alice Cos- tineigra, hurt by being thrown from the racer | | Castro and having a horse Jump on her; Castro was instantly killed, but the lady has since re- | ported for duty, Frank Dooley, leg broken while | riding an elephant Trace; the man was badly dis- | eased, and, amputation being necessary, his ner- vous system could not stand the Knife, and deaty | ensued. Mrs. Anna Davis, collar bone broken by t the horse Spot falling with her over a hurdle. The attraction at the Hippodrome last night was the letter carriers’ foot race, for which the follow. | ing gentlemen started, the prizes bet first, gold medal; second, a Silver medal, and the third like unto the second:—New York—Joseph Allen, station A; George Brought, inka F; W. H, Egan, station A; J.C, Foley, station Uj By fe i mae at The performances at the Hippodrome commenced The spectrum of the bands is composed of three lines, Which, irom their reirangibility, are found in beh pi all the green and the blue. The ceatral band is long and bright, and when theestit of the instrument bel geen 8 closed it is terminated both toward the red and the violet by sharp, narrow lines, There is nothing of the appearance of stad. | ing toward the violet that is noticed in the usual | telescopic comet. When the light of the comet | becomes suilicient so that the slit can be made very narrow, it perbaps will be possible to reduce 1t toa bright line. The yellow and blue band have | f brilliancy of about half the other, and they are a | litte pigs, Sowara the edge, approachiig the ordinary type. CURIOUS SEARCH FOR THE COMET, The search for the comet has run into the most eccentric forms, At & camp meeting down at | Rockaway day before yesterday, night came on and the ladies retired to their canvas tent for rest. About midnight three young men of scientitic tastes were discovered on hands and Knees rais- eral Post Oflee, — Brooklyn farpenter, | ing up the canvas ol the tent and seeking to enter. | General Post Ome Much interest was mani- | They were caught in the act, and on being brought | Jested in this i and espectally so when | belore the reverend gentleman in charge of the | it was understood that Gebhardt and Hernan, | who had entered, had withdrawn, These men, it seems, Were looked upon as fast walkers, and after | them came Foley, of Brooklyn, and Egan, of sta- tion A, New York. The betting on these men was nearly equal, Egan being the favorite with New Yorkers and Foiey being backed by his Brooklyn | friends. ©. R. Carpenter, of the General Post Of fice, Was also looked upon with Javor, but his great effort from the start exhausted his strength, and toward the last his stock found but few buy- ers. Joseph Alien, of station A, and George Brought, of Station F, dropped out | ‘Another comet came along im 1787, and he | Of the race beture a quarter of a mile had been | aud his friend Matsell started out with boat- | made, and very general was the hissing that hooks to fasten on to the lail, but Matsell had to | greeted their efforts to walk a matcn they were un- | return to see after iis goose, and Havemeyer | able to see to the end. After the firat half mile | alone was unequal to the occasion. The Mayor has | Was made it became a foregone conclusion that | rather acontempt for the present comet, He | Egan had the race all his own way, and so tt jooks upon her as a young chit fresh from a board- qeovee He won the race in 9m. ss. beating ‘oley second and Carpenter third, Tue walking | matches will continue till the 11th of this month. DBATH OF MBS, CHARLES DAVIS, | Mrs, Charles Davis, who was injured at the Mip- { pourowe on Friday night by the Jall of her horse encampment, they declared one and all that they were looking for the comet. MAYOR HAVEMEYER’S RECOLLECTIONS. Mayor Havemeyer says le recollects seeing & He remembers a famous old | comet that appeared in 1770, and as he sat fishing | in the canal, at the present junction of Hudson | and Canal streets, he was greatly surprised to ob- serve the fish float up to the surtace of the water. Looking upward, he saw the tail of the comet hanging down. He says, as well as his memory serves lim, he could have laid hold of that tail. of her mother, with whom he became acquainted 100 years ago, If she tatls to behave hersell prop- erly Matsail will be directed to send a posse coni- tatus alter her, EX-SHERIFF O'BRIEN ON TIF COMET. He says that this is no comet. He looked for the other places. The crowds which assembled to wit- | tall through the largest tumbler in the Fiith Avenue | in the hurdle race, died yesterday morning at her Dess them were by No means so large as those who | Apollo, and that bis appearance at this time ind. | turned out on the Fourth, but still the concourse | of people was very great, and in a mood to enjoy themselve y were evidently anniversary of American independence seemed still tO bave possession of the people, und every | one was apparently determined to enjoy himnseit as well as the occasion would permit and to | be as jolly and good humored as possible, At Union square there was a very large and, for the most part, respectable crowd, comprising a large number of ladies. The pyrotechnic display was of the usual Indeed, the spirit | of fun and irolic evoked by the celebration of the | | tion with the comet by a kite covered witn s Hotel and failed to find it, He is now certain itis | residence, No. 145 East Twenty-sixth street. Mrs, Davis had been several years engaged in the dar- cates that the Apollo Hall democracy will carry | ‘ the next election. “This thing about comets i | ing exercises of the ring, was formerly attached played out,” observed the ex-dheriff, It was tuld | to Lent’s Circus, had been a member of the Hippo- Mr, O'Brien that the comet might possibly destroy | qrome company since its formation, and was | highly esteemed for her private worth as weli as for her equestrian accomplishments. Dur. | ing the last two years she had several attacks of | bleeding from the lungs, and was under treatment by Dr. BE. B. Miter, of Let nb gh sth ta sumption, As she was quite weak, Mr. Castello, in his daring undertaking, the Squestrian director, nad cautioned her against giving Way to excitement in the races. Her horse, a weil trained animal, was considered pertectly the earth, and he replied, “Well, so’ long as she lets Apollo Hail alone she may rip.” . To-night Mark Twain will try to make connec- a 07 bis latest contributions to the daily press, It ts to be hoped that he may not be lost to the publishers | the deep bosom o} | Superstitions people affirm that since the fal rotit or loss of the parties who run the hotels. ertain it Is, however, you can never ascertain one Way or the other trom the hotel people them- selves, for where there is opposition there ts likely to be exaggeration, From present indications, however, there 1g reason to infer that Long Branch will hold its owa this summer. If the visi- tors at some of the establishments are not perma- | ment, the sudden rush on Saturdays and race days goes far to compensate for the lack of guests darmg the week. But, after all, tue hotel business, good or | bad, is a somewhat doubtful criterion so tar as the factual enjoyment of the residents are concerned. It should be borae in mind that Long Branch ts studded with enchanting villas, whose fashionable residents care little whether the Saturday train brings 100 or twenty times that number ot pleasure seekers. The presence of a throng cannot change. the pure and Lr eet atmosphere waited from the ocean, spotl the charmin drives or affect the delightiml retirement whic! the locality atfords. Until the sea washes away the avenue and warns the inhabitants to retreat, Long Branch will ever have its attractions, To be sure the hotels possess an element of interest in twat peculiar institu known as eae Hors If the exhibitions of Saturday night last be takem criterion of success in the hopping line, & ‘say without fear or favor they were about as lively as an empty circus, I witnessed two or three of them, and the result confirmed the im- pression the first display suggested, tuat the visi- tors did not want to hop at all. In most instances the music was unexceptionable. But flute and fiddle ag best they could the musicians’ art failed* to tempt the guests to a turn on the spacious floors, and altogether it seemed guite evident that ‘Terpsichore had come to the wrong quarter. Granted that young, tail girls, with very short dresses and boots of every hue whirled about ‘until their light httle heads became giddy, to the edification of their aged parents; granied that & jew couples had the courage to trip ts to the lively: strains of the band, and that, too, in view of scores of lookers on who had not the courage or inchna-~ tion to imdulge, it must be confessed that the “hop” as now carried out ts a very lame affair. , Al the season progresses, however, the sentimental crutches may perbaps be dispensed with, THE HOTEL TENOR. day when Adam, our genial ancestor, was induc py his Jair partner to tuduige in the jorbidden, fruit a slight protuberance was made manilest thereafter on the human throat by way of warning. ‘This may or may not be the case. Certain It 18, however, that as a geueral rule the hotel tenor) has “the apple” largely cevelney like a huge bar- pacle on the stem of a ship. In nine cases out o} ten he proves to be a nuisance, You meet him at every turn, and you will know him by his teeth, which, being usually kept tn good trim, are always. exposed to view, consequent upon the cnronio grin he manages to mamtuin. le is harmless, to be sure, but when registering your name it would be weil to inquire where be sleeps. He is awake at any hour from six.o’clock in the morning. His vocal excursions commence When his feet touch the ground. Asageneral thing he goes of on & tangent and breaks down from tue eifects of bad whiskey, and then foliows a series: of quarrels tn his larynx of a distressing character, until finally, unable to bow! any longer, he _ begins to whistle, to make believe he was ouly. humming ‘at random as well as to !mpress) upon tne adjacent chambermaid who accompanies | | | PROFESSOR SWIFT AND THE COMET. He ti ke the leap. On Friday night, as she | ler work with a musical Whine, that he knows all . | wan to take tire last urate, she urged the horse — the operas at his fingers ends. But the notel tenor ‘with the whip and lifted him prematurely, In con- | must be seen at night to be appreciated, What he Rocuesrer, N. Y,, July 2, 1874, When extricated she | does in the morning 13 a mere bagatelle, however’ A despatch to the Press, from Pembina, says that | a party of Sioux Indians attacked the settlement | of St. Joseph yesterday and killed four persons. | nd, and the evening being calia | and intid had a very imposing eflect. Atthe foot of Canal street, North River, the crowd Was mostly composed of workingmen and dent the Sioux made the recognition of their ex- clusive right to the Black Hilis the condition of « the treaty of April 29, 1968, as wili be seen by a @ reference to tts provistons. sequence he fell with her. It is understood by many here that the object of | the expedition 1s to produce such a series of events | as Shall result in driving the Indians from the Black Hills and lead to their settlement on the Missouri, so that white adventurers may seize their lands and hunting grounds, rob them of their timber and plough up the soil in the wild and crazy search for gold. This is one Of tue objects, Another, it is alleged, 18 to give Custer an oppor- Unity to distinguish himself so that he may gratity his restiess and rash ambition and secure his fur- ther promotion, Perhaps, however, some personal feeling enters into this charge; but it Is an opin- jon generally entertained by tue best imormed in She inetter. s THE INDIANS MUSTERING. The Indians are not ignorant of the purposes of | the expedition, They are assembling from all directions, resolved rather to die atonce than to be reduced to the alternative of a lingering death by starvation, They regard the expedition as a challenge to them to fight. They cannot under- Bland it otherwise or see any other motive. There is no railroad or boundary survey to be Protected, no forts to be established and no ob- fed to be accomplished but their own annihila- ion. They are flocking, from all quarters, to this sacred ground of their nation, well armed and prep jared to resist until the death. Missionaries Qnd «thers wei informed estimate tac there are wlready 5,000 of them assembled within the black Hills (O resist this invasion and alleged wanton outrage on their rights. REMONSTRANCES WITH THE PRESIDENT. Knowing these facts and apprehending sueh se- flous and dangerous results Bishop Hare, the Episcopal missionary Bishop of Nebraska, trans- y } of the ma Gitied to President Grant some two oF wreg. Several children are missing. Ac any of Soldiers have started for the scene sacre and a volunteer company is being organized. THE CHEYENNES SAUCY AND SAVAGE, the Warpath—Attac k- Preparing for ing Regular Soldiers—Kour Indians | Kilied. WASHINGTON, July 6, 1874. The following copy of @ telegram was received at Army Headquarters this morning :— Sr. Pact, Minn., July 2, 1874. ASSISTANT ADJUTANT GENERAL, Military Division of the Missouri, Caicago, Ill, :— Stanley reports (rom Sully this morning that the Indians at the Cheyenne agency are saucy and are kiiling thetr domestic catile, ‘They probably think | got of, D. D. GREENK, Assistant Adjutant General. Major C. F. Compton, of the Sixth cavalry, re- ports that on the 2ist of June, while en rowe trom Fort Dodge, Kansas, to Camp Supply, Indian Ter- ritory, with the Camp Supply mati and an escort of one non-commissioned omicer and four enlisted men, an attack Was made by a party of Indians near Bafalo Creek, but they were soon driven of. One man of Company B, Third infantry, was wounded in the arm, On his return from Camp Supply Maior Compton, with a forea al twapaytera man, | ister is off beyond recali, as Stanley asks tf he has | | their wives and caildren, but there was & material | diference in the general characteristics, Wasuington square resembled Union square in | | every respect, and so of most of the other places, | At Tompkins square the crowd was to a great extent German, course, were madly Ukered in the Leutonic | dialect. . On the whole the affair passed off with general \ satisfuction, and every one seemed pleased with the display. HOW GARRETT WENT TO SARATOGA. Albert E. Garrett is @ salesman in a jewelry house and boards at No. 354 West Twenttetn street, Mrs. Mary A. Cornwall, a lady possessed of some means, boards in the same house with her sister. onthe 20 of July Mr. Garrett called on John Crouch, of No, 112 Macdougad street, and requested an advance of $750 for immediate use, tendering as security a promissory note, payable three months alter date, signed Albert. E, Garrett, and purporting to be indorsed by Mary A. Corn- wall. Mr. Crouch, being a friend of the family and well acquainted with Garrett, furnished — tne | amount. Garrett immediately started for Saratoga to spend the Fourth, and returned on Sunday, when he was arrested by Oilcer Hillman, of the Sixteenth precinct, on a warrant issued by Justice Murray. rs, Cornwall and Mr. Crouch appeared yesterday at the Jefferson Market Police Court and preierred a charge bad him of foray, Garrett was contrite and offered to restore §: of the money he had procured. Judge Murray com- Mijted Wo ip derauit of 82,000 bal, + | Professor Swift's comet have created great in- and the expressions used, of | | terviewed him on the subject. ‘Pho articles lately publisned in the HERALD on | was immediately put into the hands of Dr, M. 5. | Buttles, of No. 41 St. Mark’s place, the surgeon at- | tached to the Hippodrome. He found her collar terest here and elsewhere, and, knowing that & | pone broken, She had aiso @ hemorrhage from | few words from the Professor himsell would be | the lungs. ‘ ee = or OW DAyalaan, eo | F - . | Was carried home, f ci te read with great avidity, your reporter to-day iu- | Miller, called, Dr. Buttles continuing in "Sone Professor Swift is a gentleman of some fiftv years of age, and since his residence in this city has been engaged in tne mercantile business. He is well read-up in as- tronomy, but has not made the study of comets a specialty, a8 Professor Parkhurst has. He says, | however, as will be seen by his article appended, | that Professor Parkhurst has made some SENSATIONAL STATEMENTS, The assertion that this evening the tail of the comet would enwrap the moon was a great biunder, Indeed, there is no probability of its ever reaching that point, or the earth either; so that those persons who have been trembling in fear of being Wiped out of existence by a whisk of its flery tail can repose in the certainty that their exit will be in some other form, and probably less grand and mragnificent, Professor Swift knew, before the announcement of his discovery, that Coggia had discovered a comet; but knowing the evanescent tendencies of the visitors he had no tdea tnat the one he dis- covered was identical with Coggia’s, A brief view OC6hS COMCL GOMYARGEG Dim that at Was 10 “Atay suitation witi him. She appeared to be recovering trom the injuries caused by her fall, but on Sun- day night she had another and uncontrollable re- turn o/ the bleeding from the lungs, which yoster- day morning terminated fatally. Drs. Buttles and | Miller gave a certificate of death from consump- tion, which belug presented to Dr. Harris, Regis- trar’ of Vital Statistics im the Board of Health, and the circumstances of the case explained by the two physicians, was accepted without a posi- mortem eXumination, EX-JUDGE OURTIS. It was published yesterday that while at Bath, L. J., on the Fourth of July, ex-Judge Curtis was so seriously beaten that his life was despaired of. Farther mvestigation shows that the injuries in- fiictea were comparatively insignificant, and the | punishment was administered under the apprehen- sion that he was behaving improperiy towards two ladies. A ORIEF JUSTIOBSHIP DECLINED, PROVIDENCE, R, 1, July 6, 1874, Mr, George H, Browne has declined the office of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, to which he was elected ky We General Assemuy. great the extent of the profanity his execrable noise may provoke, He howls in the pariors Ww! + | jong: distended neck, and, flavtered with bogu: approbation, howls again until the chilly blasts irom the ocean and the roaring of the surf warn him to go to bed. Deaptte all this, the hotel tenor lives in an atmosphere of delirious joy unknown ta | sane minds, | THE BATHERS, The arrangements for begat are now of the | most complete character, and if only ordinary caution be exercised no danger can be appre+ | hended. Thus iar ho casualty has occurred to mar the pleasure or create any feeling of alarnfamon, | those who love to revel in the rolling billows the sea, MISCEGENATION MORONEY, | Michael Moroney, a brawny Celt, appeared be+ | fore Justice Murray yesterday morning at Jeffers | son Market agatnst Nellie O'Connor, @ colored lady resident of No, 148 Thompson street. Mis@ O'Connor requested Michael to treat to beer an the twain repaired to her abode and ‘took several quarts together, When Micni ne | the name of the lauy he was so weil pl ‘th he prolonged the mterview. While await ‘th return of his companion, Who was temporarily ab- sent, b./9 other colored women entered the room and asked him ifhe had lost any money. He ex« amined his pockets and found that $45 were miss. ing. They then told him that Nellie had asked them to hide some money for her, which they de- clined to do. Moroney procured ber arrest at once and she was held in $1,000 to answer at the General Sess10n3,