The New York Herald Newspaper, June 15, 1874, Page 3

PRISONS. OF NEW YORK, Graphic Description of Their Con- duct and Appearance. (ranks and be; LIST OF NEW YORK CONVICTS, Habits ot the Prisoners Portrayed. pnt tan SE ae THE LAPSES IN PRISON MANAGEMENT. AusuRN, N. Y., May 2, 1874, Whoever visits Auburn, whether for business or | Pleasure, is sure, before leaving town, to be asked | if he has been through the prison, That institu- | tion—the Auburn State Priaon—ts looked upon as | the Mecca that attracts all visitors hitherward, | Not only are city murderers of the grade of young Walworth, Gillen, Bleakley, McKenna, Bartolomeo, McMahon and a number of others involuntary so- journers here, but here also reside Ingersoll, of Tammany fame, and a whole host of burglars, | thieves and robbers, whose exploits have been the wonder of the day of their commission, the inves- tigation of which has occupied the time of the courts and filled the columns of the newspapers for years past. There are confined within this | dismal criminal’s home to-day 1,255 convicts of all grades, of whom fully one-third owe their reten- | tion to the sentence of New York courts, THE AUBURN PRISON 1s a gloomy structure of dark gray stone, standing almost in the heart of the city. It has a frontage on State street, directly opposite the railroad | depot, of about 300 feet, including a@ central three | story building and two wings, which are occupied &s general offices fur the prison and accommoda- Uons for the agent’s family, Extending vack at | right angles with this central structure are two Other wings, of similar architecture, containing | Cells for the safe custody of the prisoners, These | ranges of buildings are further extended by brick erections, running nearly 1,000 feet further back, nd joined by a tranverse building o/ like character, | all used as Workshops, and torming, with the prison | proper, a spacious quadrangular enclosure, which is laid out in walks, grass patches and flower gar- dens, materially softening the gloomy features of the place. The necessities of the prison have called into existence other shops of similar con- struction outside of those above described, and so | arranged as to /orm parts of & second and greater | quadrilateral, inclosing the former. On the main front of the building an extension toward the | south has been built, furnishing, in the basement, which is wholly above ground, THE PRISON DINING ROOM} on the first floor a chapel, and above, the hospital. ‘The whole grand range of buildings is inclosed by @ stone wail eighteen feet bigh and three anda half feet thick. On this wall guards, well armed with rifles and trained to shoot, patrol throughout the day. At night, when the convicts are coniined % their cells, this precaution is unnecessary. THE PRISON CELLS, The prison is provided with cells for 2.272 con- | Victs, allowing out one to a cell. The hospital affords accommodation for about fifty more, ora Httle more than four per cent of the whole num- ber, which is above the average of hospital cases in the institution. This makes the total accommo- @ations of the prison, aliowing but one prisoner to @ ‘cell, 1,322, or but sixty-seven more than now contined here. In Sing Sing, owing to the great @emands upon that prison, it trequently happens that two convicts are compelled to occupy one | cell. Acareful measurement of the ceils and cor- ridors shows that, with the apartments all occu- pied, there 1s an allowance of but 800 cubic ‘feet of air to eacn lodger. And this air is required to support life during a period of twelve hours. There is in the wall of each cell a two inch aperture leading out to the roof, and a number of Ventilator openings are provided in the ceiling of the corridors; but there are no means for forcing | fresh air into these dark compartments, the atmose Phere of which must of necessity become fetid | and poisonous in a few hours by the ordinary use of the multitude, to say nothing of their bodily ex- halations and the odors arising trom the tubs with which each cell is provided. In this respect this prison is grossly deficient. Its architect, who- ever he was, seems wholly to have ignored THIS SUBJECT OF VENTILATION, and utterly disregarded the health of the future inmates of the building. The most competent authorities estimate that there ts required tor each | baman being, tor every hour, an allowance of fresh air under diferent circumstances as follows:— Cubic feet. «trom 2,000 to 2,300 300 In hospitals, for ordinary patients In hospitals tor wounded pauents In prison... . In workshops. barracks. In theatres, Tn meetin: In schools tor chililren. In schools for adults... Remember that these figures are the allowance determined by matheinaticai caiculation and ex- periment, required per honr. Thus, each prisoner should have 2,100 cubic feet of fresh air every hour, While in this prison he has but 800 cubic feet to consume during twelve hours, 1s it not a wonder | that the sanitary condition of the prison is as B09 ag itis? jut the general reader wil be tore interested in Other views of prison life and in nearer glimpses at | the individual convict. Nevertheless it will be necessary, before parading the notables to under- gtand something of prison rules and reguia- tions, and the daily routine of prison Mife, which will furnish opportunities for seeing those whose fame fills the land. THE LIFE OF CONVICTS. The sentence that consigns a prisoner to State Prison carries with it hard labor, and the State undertakes, through its prison authorities, to tur- | Dish this lavor, The security of the prisoner and | Buitable employment are, therefore, two cousider- @tions that mos! riously engage che attention of the officials in charge. At might, when the con- vVicts are locked in their narrow cells and all com- Munication between them is stopped, theirsecurity 18 comparatively assured. The anxiety begins when the cell doors are unbarred and the whole multitude’ come forth to begin the duties of the day. In the winter season this opening occurs at early daylight; when the days become longera defiuite hour is fixed. At this season of the year the morning cail is sounded throughout the prison at twenty-five minutes past five A. At that summons every prisoner is required to rise, dress himself and prepare to leave his cell The guards take their positions on the outer walis, The keepers repair to the corridors and galleries, im readiness to receive their several charges, These preparations consume fifteen minutes, and then, at twenty minutes to six o'clock, each Keeper unlocks the cells belonging to his division, arranging the door so that at a given signal it can be thrown open by the convict. This done, a second signai is sounded, when every prisoner, carrying mis bucket, throws his door open and emerges from his cell; ther, quickly closing ranks, | the several gangs move away in regular order to | the prison yard, where their tubs are deposited | without breaking ranks, and then to their re- bpective shops, where filteen minutes are allowed for washing and such toilet preparations as re- quire more fight, than the cells afford. FURTHER PRISON REGULATIONS, At six the breakfast call is sounded, at which the gangs again form in their shops and march to the eating hall. Here the first muster of the day is made, to determine the presence Of all the risoners, Reports have previously been made to he Deputy Warden of the various details of pris- oners employed in the kitchen or as waiters, de- tained in hospital or under close confinement jor pee and elsewhere held, and the tables ve been set for the exact number that shonid ‘be seated. When all are seated euch keeper 1s re- quired to report at the Deputy Warden's desk that Nis allotted seats are all occupied. If the aggre- gate of these reports, added to the sum ol the various details otherwise accounted for, corre- spond with the aggregate of the prisoners that should be under confinement, THE SIGNAL “ALL RIGHT” is given. If one or more vacancies are shown, the meal arecaede and meanwhile the details are visited and counted. If this fails to explain the discrepancy, when breakfast 1s finished all prison- ers are marched back to their cells, when the va- cant cell or celis discovers who is the absentee. Then asearch of the entire enclosure is made, when, if he is not found in concealment some- Where, an escape is supposed to have occurred and pursuit is at once commenced. Under the present administration, however, escapes are of rare oc- currence, the frequent musters and constant sur- veillance being such ag to render it almost a hope- Jess undertaking to get ayer If the morning muster shows the company all resent or accounted for, as soon as breakfast 1s Hnished the gangs again form and march back to their shops, When the work of the day is begun. Twenty minutes is allowed for this meal. After breakiast work continues uninterruptedly in the shops until the dinner call, which is sounded at Ofy minutes past cleven A.M. At noon precisely | when all are shown to be secure the day’s rouune | appointed by the Prison Inspectors, | gardiess of time, whenever its stoppage is asked | give [4 NEW YORE HERALD, MONDAY, JUNE 15, 1874.-TBIPLE SHEET. the second call is sounded, when the close order is again formed . Sa xanew 20: pnonn occurs. At the dinner table asecond muster is freee | at breakfast. Twenty minutes are al- lowed foF this meal, and then work is renewed at “the shops and continued unt! @ quarter to six o’clock, when the bell announces the end of labor for the day. Fifteen minutes are then allowed for Washing, when at a second call the fall into in ren to the cells. us march leads by what is the tub ground, where each -prisoner takes his proper tub on his left arm, without breaking rank or halting, Then, passin; through the into the basement of the central prison butiding, they pass long tables covered with. asins, each containing @ ration of molasses and about four ounces Of bread. Each prisoner in assing takes in his right hand one of the tin usins, atthe head of the table stands a waiter With an extra supply of bread, whicn he passes to any who may consider the allotted portion less than their appetite requires, Then the march pro- ceeds to the cells. ‘These have all been pu order by a detail appointed for that duty. On a little shelf just beside the door Is @ tin cup contain. ing & quart of fresh water. As the prisouers enter their celis they deposit their puckets and basins of supper, then step out and get their cups of water, and as they finally enter draw the door nearly shut, but not so close that the lever holding it closes, Then the keeper passes along to lock. Ag he puts his key tn the lock the prisoner ts required to draw the door close shut, watch causes tne lever to fall with.a sharp click, when the key is turned to secure it. When all are ‘locked ‘the keeper repasses, testing with his strength each Jever, while at the same time each prisoner is re- quired to shake his door to see that it 1s secure, ‘This duty done, the Tepe 8 report tothe Deputy Warden, deposit their keys, which are received only when every prisoner is accounted jor, and 1s ended and the confined lodgers are leit in charge of guards, ROUTINE. PRISON This routine is varied on Sundays, when no work is performed, in the lollowing respects:—The morning call and regular proceeuings up to break- Jast ls the same as on week days. After breakiast the gangs are reformed and marched back to the cells, those only who are permitted to attend Sun- day schoo}, a8 a reward lor their good behavior, being leit out. These proceed at» once to chapel, where they are employed in ordinary Sunday school exercises until nine o’clock, when all the prisoners are marched to chapel for religious ser- vice. ‘tnis is performed by @ chaplain regularly ‘The present chaplain is & Methodist preacher. woo conaucts the service in accordance with the form of that denomination, Immediately after service, which usually closes at hali-past ten, the prisoners are marched back to the ceils, passing by the tables on which thetr dinner is set outin tin basins, which they take with them and eat at their leisure in tie soliiuae of their narrow rooms. After this they remained confined until Monday morning except in very warm or close weather, when they are taken out into the yard for an hour, at four P. M,, for washing, alrmg and to empty their buckets, and to allow a cuange Of airin the corridors an cells. At five o’clock they are returned and finaliy lockea in for the night. THE PRESENT BOARD OF INSPECTORS have, in tue name of reform, caused an oil lamp to be provided for each cell, the use of which is allowed until nine o’clock every night to all prisoners whose good behavior entitles them to consideration, ‘ne prison is provided with a library 0: 1,509 volumes, kept vy the chaplain, to whom also benevolent outsiders frequently send contributions of pampiiets, old newspapers and illustrated publications, which are eagerly sought alter by the prisoners, and read in their cells at night by the ald of their lamps. The deprivation of these trifling privileges is deemed a sore pun- ishment, and tue iear of such deprivation cxerts a wholesome influence in restraining minor inirac- tions of prison discipline. CORPORAL PUNISHMENT In the prisons of tms State generally was avol- ished by law @ number of years ago, yet until quite receutly prison officials have been ailowed a cer- tain discretion, witich they have exercised in ex- treme cases. In the Auburn Prison, under the resent administration, this is an extreme resort. in cases Of insurrection the paddie has been used in one or two instances upon obstinate and ugly leaders, The shower bath has not been used for several years, Slight infractions of discipline are punished by deprivations of privileges. Greater oileuces invite the application of tie hood, an iron Cage resting On the neck and enclosing the head. The dungeon, with @ diet ot bread and water, sparingiy administered, is an extreme penalty, Lagy ieliows, who persist in shirking work, are made to stand at a sort of trapeze with their hands elevated about to the level of their heads, which soon becomes a very painful attitude. All punishments are inflicted for the purpose of securing subordination and obedience, and are, therefore, continued until the subjec' asks to be relieved. The punishment ceases, re- Jor With a promise of compliance with prison rules, THE BNTIRE PRISON COMPANY is divided into gangs of about fifty men each. Each gang is intrusted to the charge of a keeper and | assistant keeper, one or the other of whom is re- | quired to be constantly with his men while out of their celis. .Each gang works together, eats toe gether, and its members occupy adjoining cells at night. These gangs form compact companies, and are trained to move mechanically in tne pecuhar close order and with the monotonous lock step that prevails up _alt pi The men working in one workshop ‘usually form a gang by them- selves, though in some of the larger shops two gangs are “employed. No prisoners are exempted from this close _relation- ship with the others. The convict dress and the march breast to back, are the most odious tea- tures of prison lile to those who retain any sensi- tiveness. In the formation oi the gangs blacks and whites, the hardened criminal and the victim of circumstances, the low born and vulgar and the weulthy delinquent, are all on a level and are re- quired to occupy the assigned niche, however re- pulsive the association may be. Lawyers, doctors, merchants, bankers and even ciergymen— for that profession also has its represen- tatives within these walls—stand on an exact level with the ignorant, the besotted and the wholly depraved. Thus it happens that as the gangs move to and froin the presence of specta- tors the faces of many are carefully’ averted, indi- cating ail too plainly those whose associations in lite have been very different from that in which they are now placed. Thus at dinner time specta- tors are allowed to stand on the rear steps of the prison office and see the gangs march in to their meal. It .s then easy to single out from each gang, despite their unlorm attire and general similarity of appearance, those who have forfeited respectable positions in life, For instance, take the gang coming from THE HORSE COLLAR SHOP. The leader is @ stalwart, broad shouldered giant, who marches with head erect, boldly looking every- body in the face, his Whole demeanor indicating a sort of pride in his position which can only be con- sistent in @ hardened criminal. Half way down the line is a well formed figure, whose convict’s garb fits nicely, his straight biack hair is carefully combed, and the side view of his averted lace shows ieatures of intelligence and refinement that are at once seen to be out of place im that com- pany. ‘That is James H. Ingersoll, of Tammany fame, whose haste to get rich has brought upon him this painful degradation. He now marches with his delicate hands clasping a burly negro who precedes him, and with a noted burglar bee hind him, These two form his neighbors at meals and are entitled to all the consideration accorded to him. They are bis nearest companions in his confinement, whose association he cannot escape if he would. Another gang approaches. auer are all young he cigar gang— men, The keeper says they are tl that is, men employed in @ shop making cigars, ‘They are ail young men, and every one of them hails irout New York. It may be interesting to A LIST OF THEM, and the names will certainly be familiar to every policeman and to all who have any acquaintance with the criminal classes, They are as follow j % When ys|> rame. Creme. x Convicted. me het EEN Se Es ‘Thomas Burke. Feb. 14, "7 5 | Lewis Bachma ch. 5 436|19 | John Brady ie 3 Thomas Coil Ba 2 2 }19 8) 7 {) 7 19 Meh. 18, 173 AB. j22 | Dee. 5,"'72) Arson 14% |40 Web. 19, °73 420 M °73] Petit larc 5 16 ; Pent larceny...] 5 |22 Mi 3] Robber; 215 7 212M |19 Charles Hahn 1) 8. 135 &. 0.0, F. Hi “| 8 Ns John f 236124 William «hig *Wiiltam 5 | Dan Kelly 4 Burglary. “12 [18 Isane Lyon’ » Feb. 19,73) Reo'v'g stn. gas. 5 $30 Mar. 27,73] Robbery..c.s.../15 120 | “|Mar. 31, 173/Pettt larceny...] 2° |19 i 15 19 2 115 Powers. 334 |26 | Anthony Smith 244128 Joun shea 23619 Jacob Smith s° [19 Jonn Subivan 4 19 Henry Wilson 434 |28 John Warren, 20° | 28 Janes H. Drai 5 [26 ‘Thomas Doisey an. 4 | Patrick Hallick’.:../.jduly_8, 5 fis *Negro, The above are ali employed in one shop, and are afairsample of the young rougbs of the metro- jolis. The delegation from New York scattered hrough the prison is much more numerous, as the following list will show :— FRUITS OF NEW YORK EDUCATION. When Convicted, btairas Name. Henry Brown .|Feb. 21, '72| Robbery .. John Coughia’ Meh. 21, 173] Robbery ‘ Moh, 28, 73] Grand larceny. vo] eb, 18; 773) Assay ¥ -|Meh. % *73) Assaul James Enpis. .|Mch. 7, '73| Manslaughter .. James Fole: “73) Grand jarcen, “William H. “Leopold Gristabl Chauncey Leaver | When the physician allowed bim to occupy a be James BMA). Tame, Crime, Thad. E. Wadsworth. Grand larceny.. Herman Webs. “ts 28, ‘'73| Burglary........) 5 Grahd taréeiiy: 173] Rape. i John Smith... Vatrick Slatterly, John Sunith Grand larceny. Joho Ryan. MlGrand larceny.| 2 Charles Procioi Burglary. -..---| 4 John G, Prim, \Grand larceny. | 2! John Patterson [Burglary 2 George Nierny. Grand lare! 8 Thomas Matone; 74) Robbery . 20 Burglary.......: Grand larceny... ‘74\Grand larceny.. Charles MeLaughiin David Matzenbacher, Michael McNamee... Jaines Lennon: F George &. Dunham Peter F, Dunn.. *Enoch’ Davis. William dw: John Elliott, *sndrew J. Freeman, Charles Fowler. Peter Gillespie. Peter Goodman. Larry Grifen.:: Willam Graham Henry Huho Henry Hanlow.: a ESSETES SPSRERET ENSNESUEBSSSRENERESENERE | Grand larceny. La John” Haggerty Grand larceny. | 2 William Hf. Johnson. burglary... Hi John Kteny. J Burglar William Ki Burglar John Keete. '74| Manslauj D. Kelly (in xi] F Burglar 2 D. Lewis (“rubber”). |Jan. 27, 74|Grand p Joseph Lopese.......{Feb. 10, 4ldrand larceny, | 3 George Anderson... . 19,74) Petit larceny’. Ballie Bartolomeo. 6, 174) Manslaughter . & SNSSCESEERESNESE: James Brennan Robbery........|10 Yohn Bly Chula Burglary, 5 John J. Blair. Burglary. 4 Joseph Brenni ¥ Petit. lai 23) Herman Braun . Burglar Fiat Jerry Carroll e. 18, '73|Grand {arceny.| 24 ‘Alexander Corbeit..‘|Dec. 19, °7$|Burglary.. 20 Charles" “Cordeais (“French Charley”)|Jan. 29, '74] Burglary John Collins. an. 27, °74)Grand lai 19 Giovano Cava’ jan, 29) 174) Burglary. 622 Daniel Cauifield.....-|Feb. 2, °74|Grand larceny..| 234/19 James Collins (Mike}| Dee. 10, 73] Burzlary 20 | James Connor... Feb. 6, '74] Assaul {20 Pat. Conway (Pat, sey") John Col John Walla Feb. 20, '74 Feb, 1, ’74) i" Dec. 6, °73} Frank la, Walworth..|July 5, '73|Murder, James Ryan. 28, '73| Petit latceny, | ‘Thomas Roze 14) °73| Bu ‘m. Lawless ov. 20,17: Hugh Maxer. ot, 2, 173 James McKen: OV, 24,73 James Moore: Yohn Martin. Wilham Mille Frederick Morse. James McMahon. Benjamin P. Mal Charles McEvoy. John Murph: Jolin MeGintz..--.: Johu MeDougaii... ry Stein... James Shepherd Charles sims... Edward Walsh Thomas Whitmore. Robert B. Ad: John Brown. rglary Grand larceny . 3] Assault. Samuel L. Bri George Brown. ‘Thomas Clark 2 [33 Peter Conway. 25 Isaac De Costa % F4 John W. Dial 3|Grand larceny. 30 John Fagan. 3, °73)Grand larce Charles Fran Petit: larcen: John Fisher al John Viic Nov, 24, '73]Grand larceny.| 244/21 Joseph Fishe Sept. 19,°73|Grand larceny.| 25455 Richura Gleason.,.."|Dec. 2, %73|Grand larceny.| 5 |26 John Harmon alias d 173\Grand larceny..| 4 |23 7, “73'Grand larceny..| 4, |2L 3| Forgery. . 5 33 Nov. 25, '75]Petit larcen, 236) 26 Noy. 24, 78|Grand lareeny.| 25,|21 Nov. 13, °73)Grand larceny.) 24/22 Oct.’ 22, 173)Grand larceny.| 2 "|19 % May 8) 73) Murder 2d lite|39 Francis Gillen. July 2, °73|Murder 2a......] 1:te/23, *Negro. Ol this interesting company of representative criminals from the metropolis, Gillen, who shot his innocent young wife one Sunday evening in Elm street, has, perhaps, the least public sympathy. He 1s a young brute, all whose instincts are pad. On his reception here he announced himself as a steam fitter, and was put to work inthe machine shop. He does his work mechanically, manilests no particular dislike for prison life and’ discipline, and is an average well behaved prisoner. BLEAKLEY, WHO SHOT HIS NIKCE in a disreputable house, manifested unmistakable symptoms of insanity soon aiter his arrival here, and now is @ confirmed maniac, under treatment in the insane asylum connected with the prison. He is so violent in his demonstrations and so de- termined to do himself injury that it nas been found necessary to conine his head in a padded hood at nights and secure his hands in a leather mud. Before these precautions were taken he re- peatedly attempted to beat his brains out against | the walls of his cell. During the daytime he 1s very moody and silent, and never speaks of the crime jor which he is confined. Dr. Willle, the Medical superintendent in charge of the asylum, is of the opinion that his insanity antedated his crime, It will be remembered that the plea of in- sanity was interposed in his defence at his tal, but was not sustained to the satisfaction of the jury. YOUNG WALWORTH, when first received here, was set to work in the shoe shop. The contractor complained that he was incapable of acing his work and useless to him. There being @ great scarcity of work in the | prison now, and upwards of 500 idle prisoners, con- tractors are particular in the selection oi their men, and object to any who are not accustomed to work. Walworth also developed epileptic sym- toms, upon whicn Dr. Button, the prison physician, had bim assigned to the hospital, where he is now under treatment, and at the same time is required to labor as an attendant on the other patients. Ingersoll from the first has veen a well behaved, tractable and willing prisoner. He asks no favors, | does What is required of him without complaining, and claims no exemption from tue rigors of prison discipline. He is employed ina shop where rush horse collars are made. At first he was aasigned the ordinary tasks, but the contractor soon found that he was more valuable as an Overseer or general clerk, and he now fills that position in the shop, though’) he is required to march and eat with his | gang, and occupies @ cell at night the same as all prisoners. He was troubled for a iew days with rheumatism, induced by the dampness of his ey in the hospital, but with the disappearance of the malady the exemption trom confuement at night ceased. The pauic of last fail had as serious effect in the State Prison as elsewhere. Previous to tiat general collapse business was brisk here and em- ployment avundant. All the labor that could be jurnished was in requisition, and contractors were clamorous jor men, But WHEN THRE BLOW FELL the situation was materially changed. A number of the contractors failed, and were compelled to throw up their engagements. Others who man- aged to Keep afloat were anxious to do as little work as possible, and instead of clamoring at the Warden daily jor more men, were careiul to take as few as they could, and rather keep under than over their contract engage- ments, One-third of the shops were absolutely closed, and ‘more than 600 convicts were left with- out employment, And that is the condition of the prison to-day. Beardsley Brothers & Uo. are just getting under way a contract for filty men to be employed in the Manufacture of portable steam engines and_ boilers tor agricuitural purposes and neral machinery work. The Archimedian Axle ‘orks are still running, One shoe shop is in full blast, also one cigar shop, a horse collar shop, har- ness shop and a sbop for the manufacture of bench lanes, The idle prisoners are regularly marched the shops under the care of their keepers, and are kept there during the hours allotted to work. Any jobbing required to be done about the prison is done by these men, and the rest o1 their time 1s spent in Making nick-nacks and trifies, which they are permitted to sell to visitors, the Warden ree, ceiving the ancney and holding tt, with the amounts receiv for overwork and from other sources, to be paid on the dis- charge of the convict. Thus fragments of bone are very ingeniously worked up into tooth- picks of various designs. Scraps of hard wood are secured from which to make toilet and work boxes, which are beautitully finished in inlaid designs. ‘Toy iurniture of the same style of work is made in large quantities, Puzzles and curiosities are man- ufactured from bone and wood, all of which com- mand a ready sale with such visitors as care to take away with them a relic of their visit. But, notwithstanding this voluntary employment, to Which the incentive of all the profits would seem to be great enough to cause all to engage in it, the men spend many hours in absolute idieness, lounging on the benches, and thus prepared to en- gage in all manner of conspiracies, Indeed, con- sidering the large number df idlers, the discipline of the prison is remarkably good. The present Warden, Mr. Lewis E. Carpenter, took charge of the prison early in January, 1873 During the two months immediately preceding that time there had been no less than twenty-two escapes, of which seven- teen eluded all pursuit. On the day preceding Mr. Carpenter’s induction six men had walked away in body, and the prison, in consequence, was almost in @ state of mutiny. Yet notwithstanding These adverse circumstances there has been but one successful escape since that time, This fact speaks volumes in praise of the present adminis- tration, THE LAST ESCAPH from the prison prior to Mr. Carpenter's accession to office was that of Noble, the Lord nond roboer, with five other convicts, including the notortou Dan Kelly. ‘These all marcned out at midday an made good their fight. This was a notable esca- pade, and deserves more detatied mention. It was planned outside and effected only with the aid of unfaithful keepers. Noble bad succeeded in getting employed in the hospital, and there had access-to the wardrobe in which the citizen cloth. ing of the convicts was kept. Kelly had been placed in charge of the water wheel house, arti. which power is brought into the peises At dinner time Nobje came down stairs wn the hospital, ae cryin buck t. He was allowed topass out into the pi yard; guards supposing that he bad business thefé, which was not unusual. It seems that he had secured citizens clothing for himself and com- anions from the wardrobe, which he had hid in is bucket. On reaching the yard, ne went directly vo the wheel house, where Kelly and the others were waiting for him. The whole company soon threw off their convict garb, and stood dressed as citizens, Then descending to the shatt under the wheelhouse, they followed that under round to the prison wall, a distance of thirty feet, ‘cols had also been provided with which to en- large the shatt hole through the thick wall, and by three o’clock they were ready to go out, At this ; time there was a sentinel posted on the wall directly Over this shaft, but he happened to be con- veniently blind, as the six men passed out, Once outside the wall their way was easy. meaning close to the wall they passed along to the front of the prison on State street, then boidly walked up State to Genesee street, the principal thoroughfare of tne city. They fol- lowed Genesee street eastward to Augusta street, im the outskirts of the city, and there entered & house which had been provided for them, ana where they remained for three weeks. In tue meantime, as soun us the escape was discovered, which was during the afternoon, an alarm was | sounded and pursuit organized. Detectives and keepers were sent in every direction, but no clew to the fugitives could be found. At the end of three weeks a sleigh drove up from Syracuse and conveyed the rupaways to that place, where they took cars for various points. Noble went directly to New York, and was soon on board a vessel bound for Beigium, where he safely arrived in due time. He has since been arrested in Europe for crime committed there, and has further illustrated his Ingenuity by regaining his liberty. One circumstance that has materially aided the present warden in keeping his charge in subjec- tion is the prospect of increased commutation | service under the law passed by the late Legisla- ture, The old law allowed to every prisoner, in consideration of good behavior, A COMMUTATION OF SERVICE as follows:—During the first two years, one month for each year; for each subsequent year to the filth, two months each year; for each subsequent year to the tenth, three months each year; for each subsequent year up to the twentieth, four months each year. The new law more than doubles this commuta- tion, as will be seen by the followmg:—For the first two yeurs, two months for each year; for the third and fourth years, four months for each year; for each year aiter the fourth and up to the thirty- fifth year, five months each year. Under this law, if it meets the Governor’s ap- proval, upwards of 150 convicts will be entitled to iImmedtate discharge, provided they do not lorieit that right by any act of insubordination or at- temptvat escape. This is a large reward tor good behavior, and cannot be without its salutary eflect. Many prisoners are to-day solicitously watching the news irom Albany, hoping every day to !earn that the Executive approval has been given to this bill. The food provided in this prison is exceptionally good and reasonably varied. Good'tresh beef and potatoes, corned beef. pork and beaus, wholesome soup and codiisn each have their day, and the prisoners are in no measure stinted in their allow- ance, Waiters pass aiong the tables three times during each meal to replenish the dishes of those who require it, The bread baked. in the prison is ofa very superior quality, all wheat, and, though dark, very palatabie and nourishing. It is tur- nished at all meals in unlimited quantities. Adjoining this prison, and under the same gen- eral supervision, is an asylum for insane convicts, the only one in the State, and the recipient of pa- tients irom all the prisons of the State. ‘This asy- lum now contains nearly 100 patients, and is un- duly crowded, two patients in most instances being required to occupy one room. An addition is now in process of erection which will more than double THE CAPACITY OF THE ASYLUM. This addition will be ready for occupancy during the present season, The asylum is under the im- mediate charge of Dr. James W. Wilkie, whose success in the treatment of unfortunates bereft of reason is well kuown, His administration ts based wholly on principles of humanity. His theory is that the insane convict is confined jor pur- poses of care, treatment and cure, not tor punishment. ‘The statutes provide that “no act done by a person in a state of insanity can be punished as an ofience; and no insane person can be tried, sentenced to any punishment, or punisiied for any crime or offence Wiule he con- tinues in that state.” Thus, in the case of inmates of this establishment, though all criminals, the law pitsrponed a stay of proceedings and sentence is virtually suspended, And so the humane super- intendent ts justified in treating all committed to his charge with the same kindly consideration that, would be bestowed upon the most innocent per- son afflicted with the same malady. Dr. Wilkie is ably assisted in his duties by his estimable and plous wile, who acts as matron and considers her- self personally responsible for the comfort of each of the patients. She is most admirably adapted for the work she has here assumed. She moves among the family of unfortunates with as much freedom and courage as one would expect were they all her own children and tree from mental disease, They all know her and seem to love and re et her. She never passes one of them with- oud kind word and some well timed recognition of their peculiar halluctnation which invites their confidence and gives her an influence over them that could not otherwise be secured. i The asylum is divided into tour wards, three of which are occupied by males and one by females. The mate wards are all full; in the female ward there are at eee but eight patients. The most Prominent of these is THE NOTED VEILED MURDERESS, whose history has been so repeatedly written up. She is quiet and harmless under the treatment she here receives, Minnie Davis, the New York fre- bug, 1s also an inmate of this asylum, bereft of reason, The occupants of each ward form a colony by themselves, By day they have the freedom of thetr broad corridors, a keeper being continually with them. At night they are provided with com- fortable beds in good sized rooms, two usually’ occupying # room though each having a separate bed. Of the whole number now in the asylum—ninety- eight—forty have committed murd Of the mur- aerers several are aggravated cases. Asa Kettle, @ young man, barely twenty years old, born blind, is held here without conviction tor the mur- der of both his parents, near Troy, a few years ago. He is not insane, but of weak intellecy, and was considered irresponsible for his acts, and, thereiore, consigned aaa ante to this institu. tion. Asa’s father was a miserable drunkard, and, when in liquor, extremely violent. They were poor, and all compelled to work. The mother one evening Went out to milk, leaving a babe in Asa’s charge, with instructions, should the father come in during the mother’s absence, not to allow him fet hold of the child. The father did return, and made some demonstrations to take the child from the blind boy, threatening to throw it out the window. Asa screamed for help, and at the same time struggled to elude his father. While so struggling the child was snatched from his arms, The boy supposed his tather had secured it, and, groping about he found an old horse pistol, which he aimed in the direction indicated by the screams of the frightened babe and fired. The ball pierced his mother’s heart. She haa come into the room and caught the babe from the boy’s arm, unknown tonim, When Asa learned what had been done he became violent, and, diel: the pistol, pursued his drunken father and beat hi His intellect 18 80 clouded that he scarcely realizes that he has committed any serious crime. He mourns somewhat for his mother, but maniiests no regrets at the death of his father, ANOTHER OF THE UNFORTUNATES here confined is Levi Bodine, twenty-itve years oid, from Ulster coutity, a deaf mute, the son of a negro mother. He was reared in the Ulster county Almsbouse, and had no education, In time he was indentured to @ Wealthy farmer. His master one day loaned a pair of pet steers to a neighbor, which so exasperated the boy that he took an axe and deliverately split his master’s skull. The jary, on account of his ignorance, would not hold nim re- sponsible for his crime, and he was sept to this asylum as an irres| jonsible being. ‘The case of Asa ettle, above mentioned, in so far as the killing of his father was concerned, was deliberate parricide. There is another case here, more sorrowful still, William Pierce, of Herkimer county, now nearly fifty years old, shot his fatner dead thirty years ago, because of some punishment inflicted updn him. He was then a bright and healthy boy, and escaped the gallows only because of his tender years, le is now a hopeless maniac, though miid and gentile. He remembers his act roc does not manifest the slightest sorrow for Bleakley, the murderer of his niece, of whom pu a8 already been made, is also held in this asylum. Dr. Wilkte in his reports very properly criticises the tendency to ignore the plea of insanity so often interposed on the trial of criminals, and shows conclusively that a large number of his con- vict patients were insane when they committed the crimes for which they were convicied. GERMAN DEFENCES AGAINST FRANOE. The Cologne Gazette of June 2 says that after the traditional entrance for French armies into Ger- many—namely, the Black Forest, has been effectu- ally barred by the annexation and strong jortifica- tion of Alsace and Lorraine, it is extremely proba- ble that in their next attack upon Germany the French may advance through Switzerland, In order to guard against this danger it 1s proposed to refortily the old fortress of Honentwiel and to convert the once formidable castle into an impreg- nable fortress of the larger modern type. The situation of Hohentweil is most suitable for this urpose, and the expansion of the railway system as added to its material resources. Singen, which is scarcely a mile distant, is a junction sta- tion of three lines, by means of which ample bi ports as well as provisions could be brought up in case Of war ina very short time. In addition to the jortification of Honentweil it has been sug- gested to make doubly sure by means of an tron. clad flotilla, which ts to be permanently stationed in the Lake of Constance, which would cowmand all the lines converging in that district towaras the German frontier. lothing seems as yet deter- mined with regard to the flotilla, but the tortifica- tion of Hohentweil 1s actively engaging the atten- tion of government, is brains out with it. | PACTS FOR NEW YORKERS, Lines of Trade and Manufacture in Which New York is Retrograding. | How Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago and St. Lonis Are Gaining on the Metropolis. It 1s not always pleasant to tell the truth, but it is generally better to hear an unpleasant truth from one’s family or friends or newspaper, one’s own a8 it were, than from strangers, enemies or rivals, especially if the truth, though unpalatable in itself, is one which, if thoroughly learned, will have a beneficial tendency. Now New York has so long, so often and so justly been called the metropolis that 1t may almost seem like heresy, a8 well as bad faith or bad policy, for a New York newspaper to doubt metropolitan su- premacy in all points, Yet truth is truth, and the fact 1s that of late years, independently of the recent panic and present depression (though, of course, modified by these elements), the city of New York has in various important branches | of trade and manufacture lost, or rather is gradually losing, her supremacy, while in these very points other cities have been gaining on the metropolis, This being the case, and believing that as soon as these facts are known the energy and amour propre of New Yorkers will cause them to be rectified, a represqntative of the HERALD has investigated this subject in its various branches with the following results :— In the line of dry goods New York has of late wofully depreciated, and has fallen (in comparison) behind some other cities. One house in this city— the largest in the wholesale dry goods trade— which has been doing @ business of $50,000,000 per annum, is now doing, and is only calculating on | doing, a business of $20,000,000, Another large wholesale house, which averaged a yearly business Of $8,000,000 or $9,000,000, is now transacting | business at the rate of $3,000,000 per annam, and does not expect to exceed that figure. A prominent dry,goods merchant assured the HERALD representative during his inquiries on this point that the ten leading dry goods houses of this city.(counting the firm which the gentleman himself represented) Mave among them lost at least $55,000,000 in the falling off of their annual trade. These figures, he said, were rather under than over the truth. At the same time, the merchant stated that Cni- cago had not lost her dry goods trade to any great degree—certainly not to anything like the degree prevailing in New York; while in St. Louis the dry goous trade remained comparatively firm. In fact, the depression in dry goods is vastly greater and infinitely more marked in New York than any- where else, Our informant expressed the positive conviction that ultimately the dry goods trade of New York Would revive, but at the same time he ex- pressed serious doubts whether it would ever again recover its former immense volume. In the boot and shoe line, also, New York has of late retrograded. Boston, of course, has always led New York in this item. Probably the voot and shoe trade of Boston has always been three times the volume of the corresponding industry in New York. Labor is so much cheaper in Massachu- setts—there are so Many more facilities for manu- facturing; woman labor, which is alwavs cheap labor, 18 so abundant—that Boston has always kept the vantage ground in this important in- dustry, but during the last two years even the little that has been done in the boot and shoe line has become less, A representative of a leading boot and shoe house in this city stated that the business ia his line has depreciated about thirty per cent more than it has in Boston, and that he thought this rate of depreciation was likely to be the rule for some time to come. In the line of cloth and talloring goods New York has retrograded. There is as much capital invested in this line as formerly, business ls care- fully conducted, and there have been compara- tively few iallures, But either from lack of energy or for want of advertising or other causes, there has been a lethargy in this line in New York | beyond what would naturally arise from the panic. While, on the contrary, the city of Philadelptua seems to have experienced a sort of revival of the cloth line, and some of its cloth merchants are not only advertising largely, but are doing a large and profitable trade, Our metropolitan cloth merchants, however, seem to be generally san- guine that this state of empire city depression and Quaker city exaltation is only temporary in its character. | . It must be remarked, in justice to Philadelphia, thut, however strange it may sound, it 1s never- theless an undoubted and readily proved tact—a fact which can be rendered visibte by a visit to the rival cities—that while New York has been of lite unusually depressed, beyond the recollection of the oldest inhabitant, Philadelphia has been, de- spite the panic, full of energy and of comparative prosperity. There has been a good deal of health- jul, re ae Speculation; there has been @ good deal of building, and what with the new ship yards in its vicinity, the establishment from the city direct of an ocean line of steamers with Amer- ican bottoms, the revival of vhe clothing trade and other industries and the preparations for tne Centennial celebration, Philadelphia, at least, can no longer with justice be styled provincial. Periaps nothing has contributed more to the depression in New York than ‘‘the strikes” of its various bodies of laborers, and the comparative stagnation ip building operations, Although a few great enterprises in this line have been car- ried through of late, yet there has been a notable falling off in the erection of average buildings and residences and stores, and in the total volume of the building trade. But while the metropolis nas thus gone bebindhand tn its building, other cities have done more building than usual. The thriving city of St. Louis has been full of energy in this direction. There @ new and superb bridge has been built; a aot depot is in the progress of erection ; magnificent new hotels are springing up, and new and superb structures are being erected for occupancy by the leading dry goods houses of the city. Even Boston, despite the pressure brought upon her by the immediate necessity of rebuilding the burned district, has increased the volume of her buildings outside of the purned dis- trict. In tact it may be stated that, take the cities of New York, Boston, Philadelphia, St. Louis and | Chicago, for the last two years, there hag been less building by filty per cent in proportion to its de- | mands in the first mentioned than in any other city. As for ship-building, ia which New York city for- merly was pre-eminent, itis now unfortunately a matter of public notoriety that this pre-eminence is lost, Our own ON ekg are silent and deserted, while the mammoth establishment of Mr. John Roach has converted the vicinity of Philadelphia into a scene of activity and ee This tact has been by some accounted for on the ground that Pennsylvania, being the great natural centre of coal and iron in the northern section of the country, the shipbuilding of the country must per- force concentrate itself there, especially since the tendency of the age has been developed 1n the con- Struction of iron ships in preference to wooden ships, ia the making of ye the metropolis once distanced all rivairy. However it may be ex- Plained, the unfortunate fact itself admits of no | dispute, and there are those who strenuously insist that the supremacy of New York in this line is one for ever; that, however important as @ arbor for ships from all parts of the world, New York as a centre of shipbuilding has ceased to exist. Certainly the recent record of the metrop- olis on this point is one which is the reverse of creditable to our people, and if instant measures are not taken the worst prognostications of our croakers will be realized. As a distributing point, too, of grain, New York is bebind for opportunt- ties. This fact has been often insisted upon, and is constantly forcing itself upon the attention of interested parties. In this respect Chicago is much the more enterprising city. True, Vander- bilt promises an elevator, which, when completed, will meet all the requirements of New York; but the public are by this time pretty familiar with the promises of railroad corporations, and there is a homely adage which says, “While the grass grows the horse starves.”” There 13 every natural reason why New York should be = the great grain distributimg centre of the country. Only the proverbial carelessness of the metropolis can prevent such @ consummation. Kven in New York's favorite lines of speculation and railroad enterprises other cities have of late been gatuing on the metropolis: though the latter, of course, still preserves the lead. The city of St. Louis, for example, has in the last three years done more to develop her railroad facilities than has New York city in the same period. In proportion to its needs, its wealth and popu- lation, the city of St. Lous to-day has more ratl- road facilities than the city of New York. In fact, the city of St. Louis has become the New York of the West, and seems to be developing with all the resistless. go-ahead energy which was once so sa- premely charateristic of the metropolis, Having experienced no flery affliction, like its only Western rival, Chicago; having, theresore, no $80,000,000 mortgage upon its gooas and struc- tures weighing upon them like an incubus, St. Louis bids fair, i Nien In its present energy, to equal If not to ultimately Mg) Chicago, and to set even New York a lesson Which the metropo- lis would do well to learn. It 18 Somewhat encouraging to know, however, that in the line of groceries and provisions the metropolis has held steadily its own, The tea trade Wot been as depressed ag was at first supposed, and provisions genera! have been firmly held. The Prospects of the crope are excee lent and there ex! No reason why the metropo- should go behindhand in anythi! Fapineness Of the citizens permite ital re THE KNIFE IN BROOKLYN. A Man Fatally Stabbed Without Prove ocation=Two Men Stabbed in @ Quarrel. About two o'clock yesterday morning, when most of the citizens, wearied from thetr day’s labor, had retired to rest, Morris Murphy, a hatter by trade, strideda a hydrant at the corner of Myrtle and Franklin avenues, Brooklyn, After having been seated there about fifteen minutes, two men, named Christopher Saver and William Burns, came up and wanted to know what the devil he wanted to be sitting there for at that time in tho morning. Murphy indignantly replied that it was none of their business and if they did not wish to get in trouble they had better clear out. ‘The two men were Inclined to be quarrelsome, bué they moved on for a short distance and held @ consultation, in which they resolved to return andi teach Murphy @ lesson ior his impertinence. Saver, being 4 little cowardly, took out his pocket Knile, so a8 to be ready jor action. The quarrel’ was renewed, and after a few words had passed Saver, as alleged, made an assault on Murphy with’ the knile, cutting Lim on the left eye, on the’ back of the bead and in the abdomen. Murohy, of course, defended himself as well as he’ could, but was overpowered. Alter the affray bis assailants fled, leaving him to take care of him self, He was subsequently picked up by a fremam and taken to his home, No. 130 Franklin avenue. Surgeons were called in, and after an examination! pronounced the wounds of @ fatal character.) In the meantime the police, having beem’ apprised of the affray, went in search of the assailants, whom they found at their, homes. They took them into custody and as it was reported that Murphy was fatally injured; they were taken before him for identification. He identified Saver as the man who stabbed him and Burns a8 having assisted him. The aifray was wit-, nessed by a young man named Phaion, who was a friend of Murphy, and he is held as @ witness, Coroner Jones was notified to take the antes mortem statement of the wounded man. Stabbing Affray in Front Street. Yesterday morning Cornelius McGuire, Michael O'Rourke and Patrick Garvey. after taking several rounds of drinks in some of the Fifth ward saloons, gotintoa dispute in Front street, near Hudsom avenue, Brooklyn, McGuire put a sudden ter- mination to the controversy by drawing bis knite’ and making an attack on his associates. They en- deavored to get away, but, beiwre they could do, 80, he stabbed bota, inflicting some severe thougi’ not dangerous wounds, The mjured men wera, taken to their homes, and McGuire was arrested at his house. No, 209 Prospect sireet, about two bourw alter the affray. A MUBDEROUS AFPRAY. There was a raffte for a watch on Saturday night, about twelve o’olock, in the liquor saloon of Peter. McKenna, No, 438 Eleventh avenue, the result of which was very disastrous to at least two of the parties coucerned. It seems that Patrick Prior and Patrick Mc€abe quarrelled about the way im Which the dice were thrown, Prior claiming that McCabe counted more than he threw. The men had long been bitter enemies, so that but @ slight provocation was required to incite an ugly, and, it seems, a murderous fight. Drawing from his pocket @ large revolver, Prior stepped back and fired at McCabe, the ball taking effect in the leit breast of Michael Dougherty, inflicting a fatal wound. Notwithstanding Pricr at once discovered the mistake he haa made, he fired again ac icCabe, this time hitting him tn the leit leg below the knee. He then fled from the saloon, and, despite the efforts of some half dozen men who attempted to seize him, made good his escape. Both the injured men were removed to Bellevue Hospital, where Dougherty now lies in a very recarious condition. The ball was extracted trom cCabe’s leg, but the surgeons refused to attempt to remove the leaden messenger irom Dougherty, fearing the result would cause his instant death. Prior is a well known desperado, and the police have been soorine: jor him since last January, when he beat Officer Haloran, of the Twentieth Precinct, nearly to death. He is also believed to have been connected with the Hank robbery im Ninth avenue. Dougherty lives at No. 652 West Thirty-seventh: street and McCabe, who hasa family, lives a¥ No, 454 West Thirty-second street. PROBABLE WIFE MURDER, Margaret Traynor, aged forty-two, residing at No. 140 Sullivan street, was beaten by her husband Frank ‘Traynor on the 6th inst, and, it ts supposed, fatally injured. Frank’s statement of the affair ts that he came home from mis work last Saturday nighs, and, Anding his wife intoxicated, he beat ner. On Satur- day night the police of the Eighth precinct were notified by the neighbors of the condition of the woman, and they calied tn the aid of Dr. Cook, Who pronounced her in a dangerous condition and notified Coroner Woitman to take her ante- mortem statement. Traynor was arrested and locked up in the Prince street station house. The woman now liesin @ critical position at her residence, PROBABLE MURDER, Margaret Watson, aged torty years, residing a No. 219 West Twenty-eighth street, had an alters cation with Michael Burns, of the same number, the night before last, which resuited in Burns kicking her in the abdomen, causing severe inter- nal injuries. Last night the police of the Twentieth recinct were notified of the affair and arrested urns, Whom they locked up in the Thirty-seventi Street station house. Last evening Mra. Watson’s condition was precarious in the extreme, and the Role authorities thought it necessary to remove e7 to Bellevue Hospital. Burns will be arraigned at the Jefferson Market Police Court this morning, MUBDERERS LYNCHED IN LOUISIANA. (From the New Orleans Republican, June 10.) Several weeks ago the Republican gave the de« tails of a horrivie crime on Bayou Macon, near its junction with the Tensas, wherein @ Mr, Ar- | buckle was murdered in the presence of his wile, and his flatboat robbed by three young men. They were subsequently identified, One of them, named Lewis, managed to escape, while two brothers, named A, B, and Thomas L. Norris, were arrested and incarcerated at Winnsboro. These young men—twenty and twenty-four years of age, respec. tively—were connected with some of the most respectabie families of the parish, and their crime has excited an unusual amount of inaignation, This ae culminated last Saturday in a party of some thirty disguised men visiting the jail, dis- arming the keeper, taking the brothers to a con- venient tree and lynching them into eternity without the benefit of clergy or a moment's respite. forrepentance. The record of Franklin parish has for years been black with assassinations and mur- ders, but this latest crime has been unknown in the parisn since the War ttil now. AN ENGLISH VIEW OF ROCHEFORT, [From the London Telegraph.] We might have hoped tnat the some-time editor of the Lanterne would return from exile a wiser and asadder man, If ever any human being hadi cause to feel gratitude for the fact that he was still numbered amid the living it is the author of “Paris-Bohime.’”’ Of the men shot down at Satory there were few who were so morally gulity of bight treason against France as Henri Rochefort. He had wilfully identified himself with all the horrors of the Commune, and he was utterly unable to plead the excuses which might have been urged in behalf of many, if not most, of his fellow traitors, He was not a fanatic, like Rossel; he had not, like Dombrowski, retrieved the infamy of his conauct by the Uae of hts courage; he was not, like Courbet, a half-crazed fool, who could haraly be accounted responsible for his actions; he wi not even @& man wedded to the socialist creed like Felix Pyat or Paschal Grous- set. Without fanaticism, without convice tion, without heroism, he had made himself the champion and apologist of the vilest excesses ofa worthless cause. It was his reputation jor talent which alone saved his life, in our more stern and less sentimental country a man who had been @ willing accomplice in crimes such as those of the Commune would have been hanged without’ pity or regret, even If he had united the wit of Sheridan to the genius of Swift. But in France Whatever popular judgment was more lenient. 8 Sins Might be, Frenchmen had a kindly ynioae, for the brilliant littérateur, the witty, cyni epigrammatic pamphieteer; and so, while many better man was shot down at Satory, Rochetors Was treated with exceptional leniency. His sen- tence of death was commuted to imprisonment; his imprisonment Was alleviated by special favor and it was only in deference to public opinio that he was anally banished to the remote island, where he was subjected to no penalty beyond that of exile, and from Which be has escaped aiter afew months’ confinement. WOMAN'S RIGHTS ABRO. [From the London News.] Six young ladies are at this moment “studying for the Bar.” They are reading in chambers under competent direction and are working through the same course as the studonts of the other sex. One of the young ladies was & “prizeman” tn political economy under Professor Cairns, and their aptt+ tude Jor law studies 1s said tq be astonishing, CCl. eee