The New York Herald Newspaper, March 29, 1874, Page 15

‘. OUR SHIPS OF WAR Proceedings of the United States x Naval Institute. An Important Paper on American Naval Ar- mameuts by Commodore Jetfers, Chief of the Bureau of O:dnance. THE WEIGHT AND POWER OF GUNS. AS eae The Relation of the Battery to the Speed of a Vessel. ANNAPOLIS, Md., March 28, 1874. At the last regular mecting of the United States Naval Institute, held at tue Lyceum, Rear Admiral Barwood inthe chult, an exceedingly instructive paper upon the “Armament of Our Ships ot War’? Was read by Commodore Jeizers, Chie! 01 the Bureau Of UrGpance. An in eresting discussion Lollowed the reading, after wiich, 0,0 movon of Rear Admiral Worden, the thanka of the Institute were unanimousiy tendeied to Commodore Jeffers for his interesting and valuable paper. ‘The reain points to be considered, said Commo- dore Jeffers, in determining the armament of a ship are:— Firgst—ihat the aggregate weight of tle guns should be 1D proportion to the tonnage. Seoond—Laving decided what this weight shall be, the next point of importance is to dispose of it in the best 1 auner to develop the greatest power of which it 1s suaceptible, Third—the relation o: tho battery to the speed of the vessel; tor, although itis absolutely neces- gary that a ship of war should exercise a full power of vifence and deience within tae circie oF Which se is the centre, next to Unis, and to this | ODly, iD LDportance, 18 Ker ability to tranaier this power to snother point with certainty and rapidity. We will proceed to consider these points sert- atims— ‘To exemplify our first point we may take the old sailing ingate Consteliation as a type 01 Wwiat was couriderea to be wal the time sue Was bulit & »ell armed sup. Her tounuge was 1,236, cond the bat- tery cousisted of thirty 18-pounder canuon on the gun ueck and #iXteen Jz-pounuer carronades on the spar deck, weigning 11 the aggregute 160,700 pounds, and throwing & broudside weight of o30 Pounds of shot. in 184) the Ordnance Board, recognizing the Im- portance o: ieducing the Dumver oi guus and in- creasing the calibre, assigued a battery ol thirty- eigit 32-pourlders, weighing 174,043 pounds., throwlug a broadside weight Oi wietal o1 674 pounds, and 22 pouuds of explosive maicrial In 1s03 ber sister ship, the Macedonimn, carried a battery oi two lv-inch pivot, sixteen d-ineh and | two s2-pounders tn broausule, Wweghing in the | aggregate 163,432 pounds, and thiowing a broad. | Blde IN meral Of O72 pods, With 26 pOullds oi ex- | pPiosive waterval. | Fmatly Admiral Datigren proposed for these | ships a battery of eightcen Mine guns, weigning | | | 164,000 pounos, broadside Weght of metal 721 pounus, With au expiusive content o: 30 pounds, It wil be Observed that im these Changes, made by competent authority, the reiullon Oi Weigut of buttery (0 tonnage of ship Was c.usely adhered to, Wille wtgmenung the power of the armament vy a We Lumber Of guus and increasing the | caliure. THE INTRODUCTION OF STEAM. With the urat mtroduction, however, of steam into the havy, & departure trum tie law O1 Toativn Of armament to tonuage Of Blnp became Ubavuid- able, Decuuse the pioueer pad ie steamers did not @liord the requisite roum and conveuences ior Pi oportiouate baiterics. 1t was evident to ali sea- men that the iew guns Caried by these vessels were entirely disproportionaie to thew tounage, and the success 0: the screw Was at once uccepied by Oar best th.nkers ag a solution of the propiem. ‘Lhe Princeton, the teucituus concepiion 0 Commo- dore Stuckton, Was # move in the right direction Which we failed at the time to jollow up, and suil continved to build sidewuee steamers, Even after the screw was deteruined on as tho motor there was mantiested & great indispusition to sacrifice gun power (o iaciity O1 shitung one’s position, and tne five insates of the Wabash class nud we auxiliary power, althouga the cou- servative spirit of tae day reduced tue edective | force of the vattery one-iourth by substituting on tie spar deck 8-inch and iv-1m0k in jeu ol vinci and li-inch, 48 origuully assigned. Tuis deiect, however, has since Leen remedied by unitication of the breadside battery, aud the slips of this cass now carry a Weight in guns better propo: toned to their tonuage, thougn not excessive—viz., lorty- two Sinch, two 1i-inch and two lov-pouncer rifles, | THE PLANS OF ADMIKAL DAHLGREN. We may remark in connecuon with tiese ships that the plans of Admirai Daaigren contempiated Jor ail of taem an entire spar deck batiery of | li-inca guns, and tie details exist ior mount; IX on the spar deck O; the kranklia—m Wihicu, howev.r, he was overruled, The Nia-ara aluue was the first siup to reviize the conception ui 8, eed and power combined; but owlug to iaulis of construction she never was a favorite ship. We next come to the vessels ul the Hartiord class, Which were constructed to Carly & respecia- Die wrmnament, comvined wita iui power of move- ment. if we assume these ships to have been woll arwed, as is admitted by every one, and take the | Taio of weight of battery to tonnage, the Ugltest armed (Hartiord aud Ricumoua, sixteen of Y-inch broadside) will give us a iactor of 108 poduds ul gun to euch ton. ‘the heavier 8h ps oO: the Class— Brooklyn and Pensacoia—armed with tweuty @-ineh and one 1Ll-inch, give a factor of 130 pounds to the ton. Apply.ng the least of these iactors to the later ships, Of the Fiymouth cass, we have a total Weigat ol butiery oi 121,176 pounds, 60 tons, propor- tionate to thelr toupae Now these ships were originally designed to carry two Ll-inch im javot; bul for construction reasous the after pivob wis = guitted the battery modiied to consist ot . Weight of Broads de. One il-inch, — 16,000 15... Iso lbs. (suell.) Six S-inca, 80,000 108. +192 ibs. (sell) One 60-, ounder, 6 and Guns. ib + 60 ibs, Totals.....- 260,000 108...,.06++006358 Los. (Shell.) A Weight 0} guus and vroadside entirely dispro- portionate to tier wanage. y substruting six Li-imch guns for the 8-inch in- creases the weight of battery and of broadside to 76,0u0 Jb. und 616 Ibs, respectively, But, 1 tact, these ships should carry— Guns, Weight of Broadside. One 1l-inch, 16,000 ibs. +136 loa. (lL Ten g-inca, 90,000 Lb: (sneib) One 6-pounder, 6,000 1b: TOLAIS....+00011!,00) 108,....40....640 Iba, (suell.) It may ve clauned, however, by some, that (ese ships lve not suilicieat breadta ior the deinen, aud that their deck beams and scantiung are tuo ligut to support such weigots, Lf this ve realy thecase tuen we would propose, a3 4 compromise for such a slip, au armament of Weight of Broadside, +408 1b3. (SLELi} ‘100 Ibs. (sheii.) | Guns, Three ll-inch, 48,000 Ibs. One 100-pounder, 9, Totals.. 67,200 Ibs. —wWhich, with @ less weight of guns tian the bat- tery first assigned, would give & power Oi 408 to 883, itis alco to ve Observe: that the pivot car- Tluges cover so any of the beams, and tue weigut peing thus distributed over w greater surivce, the 1-inch stratus the vessel legs than tie 9-ineb Mounied at the sde ona Marsilly carriage. From actual measurement, however, it appears that tne ships ol this class have at least five (5) ports of @ aide Which will allow the muzzie 0; a inch gun to come twelve inches tnsiue the port, atiora! ample space ior ioaving aud sponging in actual firing, at Which time trifes gencratly disap- pear. iu mere exercising there may not ve con- Veutent space for the in-tackie biocks; but tms inconvenience 18 surely Hot oi 80 INUCA Importance as to eacrifice to it the grave cousideration oF calibre. We next essayed (WO Classes G1 Vessels with different powers in the effort to realize the | idea 01 a iast gunboat heavily armed witn cannon of great range and accuracy, To these veloug tae Ticonueroga (1,049 toms) and whe Wachuset. (vd tons), Tu the Liconderoga Construct.ou assigns 76 tons for armament, of wuich only 22 tous were for guns and nowitze ‘The Bureau of urdnance therefore determined upon three of Lt-incn, with four 24-pound rs, huw- itzers; but before the vessel was fiuisied the 150- pooeae: (3-1uco) rife made its appeaiaace, aud jhe battery —— modified to— First Battery, Weight of Broadside. Two 11-inch, 82,000 Ibs. ++ eRT2 Ibs, shell.) One 160-;ounder, 16,000 iva... 160 IDs, (Shut) Four 24-pounders, howitzers*..... - ee Totals. + 48,000 Ibs. 422 Ibs, *Howitze: ights ure omitted, as too light. This was an excellent arrangemen: ange, power and iacility of Crrity ang wihimchoune Hier first commanding officer, however, wished to have some broadside guns. ‘thereiore the de- tail Was Changed, and the pivot battery actualy MOUSSE Y bettie, One l-inch, 16,000 Ibe. anes One 160-pounder, 16,000 Ibs. 160 ibe, x Four winch, | 96,000 Ibs, 144 Ibs, Sreut One 60-punnder, 6,000 Ibs. ++ 60 1b8, (sheil,) Two 24-pounders, Totale.......+..75,000 108.....+..480 Iba. Here the absolute weight o1 battery was some- ‘Wheat increases. while ite nower of broadside ra. miuneo practieauy the same, but imyerilled by the Introducuon of two new calivres and a diminished facuity Oo handing ina seaway. The ship wag aiterward or.ered to be fitted out tor a foreign station and the origional weights restored: but the joremast having been shiited and a torecastie boilt o: on her, there remained only room enough for twO pivot gaos. Thereiove these were mounted as a Fourth Battery. Weight of Broadside, Two ALinch, 32,000 I's,. eee e272 Ibs. (BNL) Two uch, 18,500 Ibe T2 Tha, (Bivei,) One 60-pounder, 6,400 lbs 0 tos, (shell, Pour 24-pounder, howitzers. . 490 Ibs, 494 Ibs, ic Was particularly the exponent of the “cooper around the cask’? idea—a swit, handy, light draugi.t, powerluilly armed wit, whien should be able to Keep the sea in all weatuer uncer canvas, The armament assigued was:—Pirst bat- tery, tWo I-mneh, jour 3/-pounders, 01 27 cwt.; one so-pounder, rifle; one 20-pounder, rife, Commo. dore Wilkes, wi0 hac hte faz on board when she Was first fited out, proposed an alteration of the battery to Second vactery, one 1uO-ponnder, 9,200 Mp. 3 ten Sine 3d CWhe, OF 12 32'S, OF 43 CWL— 61,000 or 57,792; Oue 8O-pounder, rifle, 3,600 lbs. He argued that tie removal of the heavy Li-inen guns and a distribution of tueir weight in broadside woult tend very much to prevent tne vessel irom rolling *o ingen, Sald he, “As ior using tue rr pivot gus, itis entirely out of the question in sea Wily, Torals, ‘The W 8 a INADEQUATE ARMOR, There is not an officer under my command but ts satisfied with the madequacy of the armancnt of these vessels atl the useiessness of having sucn large aud heavy caliore.”’ And he recommented a Drondside batvery ior all Sinai ste.mers now in commission, This subject Of vroudside and pivot guus will be discussed lurther ou; vut my own experence is that the ll-iich can be east loose aod handled in @ seaway When it would be dit. cuit and dangerous With the broadside guns, ‘The vesseis oF the Wachusett class were not intenied to periorm the Junctions 01a b Oudsiae vessel like Ule old irivates at corvettes, a8 It is evident they Would be very leebieé in toils respect, the weight thrown trom their broadside not exceeding s00 pounds, But they were intended to have high Speed, so as to overtake or leave broidslde armed vessels wand harass th m by dedbverate practice with a lew heavy shcils at ranges where the guns of broadsides could Hot reach, Their light draugnt ‘Was @isv to permit them to serve in snoal water hor accesinie to heavy vessels, Li the vesset was deficient in the primary Coaguivon, speed, the pro- posed change in battery would net ‘aiford o reinedy, As regards EXCESSIVE ROLL, that belongs to all propeliers, and increasing the weights snould moderate the movement, but it dues not appear that this can be carried w & piolt- avle extent from wan of cap.city, not is there suiticient room for 9-Ineh guns, However, ber armament bas be a third battery of Guns, increased to Welgnt of Broadstde. Two L-inch. 32,900 tbs, + 472 De Four 9-tuch, +++ 36,300 108, 140 ibs, Turee 20-pouuder (1ifes), 3,900 Ibs, 40 Lbs. TOUS. ... 6.000005 0008+ 72,700 IDS, 452 Ibe The light cruisers gi 4lu tous, Kansas lass, were dvsigneu to carry tue lO-iuch Pa rott rite (309-pounder) Of 27,000 tus.;but such guns were uever provideu, and these vease s Were, (hergfure, heterogeneousty armed. At the eud o1 the war the Kaugus cartted oue I l-incn, two 9-inch and one 8v pounder rile, Nipsio curried one 11-inch and one 30-pounder Tide. Ny carried one 100-pounder, two %inch and 16 H0-pounuer rite, Snawmut curred one 100-pounder, two 9-inch Q@uu one SU-pounder rife, oo cared our ¥-lach and one 30-pounder rifle. Saco carried one 60-pounder, six 32-pounders der rifle, * ed Que 5)-pounder, 8X 32-pounders, rifle and two z4-pouuder howitzers, tue vattery o-iginaily assigned to tiese ships Was one J00-pounder rifle abu LWo 24pounder howitzers, Sunicient bas been stated to show the priucipie on whicu te armament ts paged, First—Llue aygregute assigued to ordnance by the Naval Constructor in distribating his welzorts, Second—ibe weight Ol oatiery Which ex er ence shows Can be saleiy aud conveniently car- ried, whica ls trom turd greater to douvie that allowed on cue A displacement. ¢hird—The smahest number aud heaviest pleces Which can be conveniently handled, having due | regard to speed and tonnage, Tt 1s to be observed that since the introduction of juli power into steamers tue space below has to be careiuliy apportioned, and that the addition otevon a single gun crowds the magazine, shell and store roous, Having. then, determined the total weight of bat- tery for a given tondage, Dext in importance is 1t8 distribut.on, Witi a aue revard to the accuracy, power and range 01 the guns, {HE POWER OF A SHIP-OP-WAR may always be in proportion to ner capacity, and tie jureest sl.ps can always be made the most power.ui in Ofeuce a8 Weil as devence. The smaller Blips, on the coutrary, can never be made more exec‘ive than the iarger, unless‘ the means ol the latter are wisapplied. One ot the firsts elements to be cousidered 13 the ability to handle the pro- jecuile im the confined quarters Of a ship, Subject 1o Violent morons of roding and pitching. Fur obvious reasons Only one man can conveniently handie the shot of @ bruadside gan and out two that of a pivot gun, and experiment prov-s that the 9-1u"h and T-iueh are tne ‘argest suelis which can bo so vuudled «ith ease. Taere ave, Low ever, many persons oO. the opinion that some smatier cauiure, $2-po2nd or 8-ince, substituted In broad. side (or U-inca, May, by CelvTIY O: Ore and beng more numerous jor the sume weight of battery, more tian compensate for diminished accuracy aod power, Thig is entirely Jaliacivus, and bas oeen pletely resuted by Aduura: Dahigren im auell aad rifte guns. Lut we will here repeat the argument:. os 8 8 eR 7 @ The reasoning in favor of the 8-Inch against the 9-iich 1s, thai with the same weigut one cza Rave more Canuon dad Ure iaster; the went oF metal thrown is imucn moreased, ‘This argument is not it Was offered in 1e12 by tue cugiish tor pre- erring the Is- vander to the 24-pounder, and has ng better igundation now than it had tien.” Tue BiLch Weigis 6,500 lbs, the ¥-incA 9,200 Ibs., the rates veins 65-02, ur nearly tWo-tiirds—taat 1s, three Sch Caunon Weigh as heavy as two of ach throws three shells of 51 1ba,, 153 !bs. ; the iba., Lid bos, In actual trialat tie catvery here the 9-inen gun has veen fired five rouuds at an averuge o1 hicy- three seconds per round. Is i iikely that an 8inch gun can be fired more rapidly ? On board the Plymouth, commanded by myseh, and then Ci tisitg as Che ordaance siip, a trial Was made or rapid nring, with tae following resait:— UNITED TAIRS SHIP PLYMOUTH, OFF CaPé CaTOCHE sept. Ly, 1858 Guns manned by the regular crews; 17 to 9 {uch aud Jo to 8-Inch; guns run in aud ail ready := Nine-inch. Bight-Inch. mM. Ss. mM, s 40 28 40 25.45 28 25.46 1.45 30 12.45 57.40 3100.43 47.50 3. 55.55 Sonate 38.51 32 (59,64 rage time O1 fire, 47 2-5 seconds, Averag Shied the 15 trom o-inch and 15 from 9-tnch, leaving the roller, penUbraS man and one other. a s I. Ss. f. Sponge. 45 «00 Fire. 45 30,30 4 00.36 460 40.34 47 22.423 48 (ONAL 1 fire, 86 3-5 seconds, Both crews had been under carerm drt'l for more than thies montis. Ot course ne ot her pointing was: possible (hab to preserve the guns heariv in origi- Lal position when fred, The ceerity of fire, then, from the S-ineh and 91meh guns Will Lot vary mates rialiy under like carcumstances, At the same tine Ttoay remalk that every oiticer Knows that the time required to load, fire and run out is uever the standard for vecurate practice; that is controiled on shipboard vy the diticulty of pointing amidst the smoke and disturbed by the rolling and pro- gressive motions of both sbips, &c., -o that as a genuiue rule, under tar conditions, the rate of aood tring may be two to three minutes. The original diflerence in weight of metal thrown by the sinh una Winch gays should oot be anected, tnerciore, by the rate of fire, But it wil be tne fuencea by another condition, not generally con- 1 in estimating the value of the lighter ey INFERIOR ACCURACY OF THE INFERIOR CALI- BRE. That of both guns lias neen tried with the most exreusive care at a target 1,300 yards distance— the (uch was found to strike 73 per cent of its fires bu the s-inoa 50 per © this ditference Wis due entirety to conditions of welght aud re+ sis. ance Of spherical budies moving throagh the fir, and to the fointing of them, both being ad- justed with equal cure. A sample of this practice Tuy be seen at paye 242 of my work on “Sheily aud Sheil Guos,” though introduced there to tl lus! rate another apy heacion of the same p.incipie. The weigut Of snevs, then, that gcrike from an Sinch gan, Will hol, When accuracy ts involved, be equai lo that om @ Minch gun, and the diference im accuracy Wul reduce the Weight 0: metal whieh srrikes from lod and 144 Ibs 7 18. ‘rom the Sich and 20S 18, from the 9-INCh, oF mM that pro- portion, Again, the charges of the shelis enterinto the quesion—the three ch contain 6 Ibs, o1 powder, snd the two vineh a hike quantity; but each of th sinch shelis contains oniy 1% tbe., wht eucs Of the % iS consain 3 lus, und we how tia! tue action Oo; powder ts In var grearer Tarlo {han its Weurit—that ts, Ure explosive force 01 Lae deunch Ww (be H1UCh Charged ts In @ greater rauio (hab the weights of the Charges, 2 to This 18 ub Important copsideration, as wel! a6 that of colicentiation by reason o: greater weight, Again, the penetration of the %inch shell is greater than that of tue 8-toch shel, so that the former vot only enters further imto toe oppomng stip, but wali Carry with it @ far greater bursting eflect tudiv. dually, In the \oregoing data enongh is stated with ex- Aetuess to show tint tie Ordnance power Ot the two vuns.is hardy compatubie and that no effort should ye spared te use (he heavier caubre. HEAVY CALIURES PREFERRED TO SMALL ONES, Whenever naaahia ta ao above the ainah 1 want THe advise it, but never below it And the fronsides nis shown the power of the @inch broaaside as weil as the tacility of uaing such capnon. When- ever there is space on deek that will ullow the muzzle of a cannon to come in, if only clear of the inside, the gum may be fought, and any ovstacies that are removable ought to be made to give way without seruple, * * ° . * * PIVOT AND BROAD?IDK GUNS. The next point to be determined is:—“Snould the guns be mounted in pivot or broadside ?* Tue same reasons which cause tno 9-inch to be superior to the 8-tneh may also ne urged im taver Oi tae Litneh., The higher the calibre tie greater the range, accuracy and power, The li-incn suell has the cootentsand pearly the welght o1 two of §-snch; and, since the pivot gun can be fought on eitner side, and u-ually the Minch cannoy be Bulited over, if 1s practically equal to four of @-inch, while tea ft with carriage 1s litte more than that of two dine. The concentiation of edect due to the explosive apacity of tie I-inch ts eveu more iin Bd tant than thas due to penetration and size of ortdes The misfortane of the larger calibre ts that its Suostantial benefits are seldom visible before those Who counnaliy exoericuce the disadvantages of its greacer weight and size. Tue bulk Oo: the gun, the toil in haudling it and its projectile, are ever emlorced to the eye of the officer and to the exer- tions oO. the meo, But the great power itcon.ers {3 nob exnibited by the ordinary practice, and re- mains & myth Une! Che Nour Of attic discloses the fact, did poriusts the heavy cahbre to teil its own tale more eloquently than the Must convinoing ar- gum nts. if has, however, been abundantly proved that the 9-inch gun ts perfectly manuge- able on a broadside carriage in any veskel having suilcrent room ty work them; still, the writer is iM favor Of mounting thew ob a pivoted broadside carrnige in ail vessels, having reverence vere to the greater faolity of traming, and consequent greaver uccuracy Of fire and the preservation of the decks, the fibres of witch ure crused by the Weight resting on the tront trucks. THE BASIS OF ARM AMANE is eithe Givea @ ship of @ certain tonnage, draught of water and 6, ced with so many tons oF cispiac ment, assigned to orénance, how dispose of taut weigut to best advantage? Or, a8 in the Kansas class— Given a designated battery, what Ia the smalioss ship whien, on a given dravugnt o: water, will carry Unat batcerv? In every case the burean assigns tho smallest number oF toe heaviest guus to torm the weicht, and preers pivots to broadsides when tue deck arrangements will permit; ior it ty thoroughiy tabhsne t tata small number of large pieces will dither injuries beyond the power & a of small pieces. ‘In order that shen her tult measure of oftenve spe d@ Nas vecore tue indispensable attribute of every ship of war. Without i6 her powers are altogether nicomplete. te i very right that when & vessel o: war encounters & superior (urce, speed shoud be ane to ake her sate; but che necessar, diminution of oensive power should not be so great as to dis aide a first class sceamer trom matcuing any ves se: 01 her Own Class of INlerior speed, bub provided With & proper armament; Otuerwine her usual busrpess would be ruuntog—fignting the exce,- tion. Lt witt olten happen that, m order to protect Intportaut interests, tu@ battie muss be fought at all Lagarde, and toat avoiding tua aciion’ will not serv the purpose. Wuat, tun, Will be the chances O1 these costly fubrice ? SPEED. It is, moreover, certam that we have @ right to demand that onr Vessels of War shill Kave equal speed with thuse of other nations. 16 is by this equality only that our vyexsels wha” select and = retaim = —s tha distances they preier, and less speed than this suv not be adinitted ip any digcussiun Of ble Bab. ject. inis does not mean that eve-y United Stares Bbip shall equal in speed tie best ships of other nauoba, but thatthe average speed 0. our navy, taken collectively, stall be equal to that or others, Hise taken Collectively. L, however, vur aniv .s in- lerior mm speed, them the chance 01 distance is with the enemy, Who 18 kapposed to prelef eluse quarters; but if Our sip 18 pro, erty armed, ue can ouly reach this position alter pussing starough the desperate fire o: poweritt wands, In 1862 Assistant Secretary Fox propused, Admral Dahtsrea ve- signed the armament, ana Constructor southall the null, of W Wessel oO: the same length as tue neaster, Dut with inore beam, to carry twelve ich guus in broadside pivets on Main eck, and o 11-inch iu cent ras pivots on spar deck, Tus antes dates by some years the hogheh imeunstant and Shah (late Klonde), with a similar arrangement oF armamenr, Tue great majority of CRUISING SIN1PS Must continue to be wooden or (ita equivalent) composite Vessels; but with the im rusuctiou of trou-cinds, Of various degrees Of resistance, these woude) ships should be caravic of euective Offensive action against moat cruising iron-cladb. And aithough the preceding reasu: ing 18 based on our present armaments and wooden ships, i ta equally appltcavie to an iron-clad deet; and tuere Is no reason Why oar ships, heretofore saperior (0 all others in armament, cannot ber sturcd to ap equal toy the tine has now come when we Must prepare jor an entire chanze in the arma- ment of our ships, although the pringipie tor de- ternuning it remains undisturbed, 1am aiso of the opinion .hut this change must be the introduction Of the rifled Gannon as the en- tire armament of our ships, Obnerwise We shall find ourseves in a war with any leading Power overmatcued Hol only tu numbers but im power of individual sulps, Tis we caunot afford; our snips, fi lew, should be the best of tuvelr kind, and hith- erty, 80 iar as armameat waa concerned, were superior to all joreizn ships. A c.ever English writer remarks Of our 8 1pa, 10 1812:—"d¥ saDsti- tut.ng long gane instead of our ahors ones, they secured for theimnsetves the imnense advantages of being able, witnout loss or damage, luxuriuusly to pumiuei us to death at ranges: whieh they had pre- calculated they would be completely out at vur reach.” But otwer Powers have siuce udopted our system of a lew heavy wups. and have, aiter many years 01 experiment and millions oF expenditure, established two, or periaps THREE SYSTEMS OF RIFLBD ORDNANCR a3 Worthy a conddence. First—ihe sysiem oi breech loading known as Krup,’s, to whom {t owes its experimental de velopment, th ugh it is understaud thas this ays tem was presented to Captain Wise, one of my predecessors, years beiore Krupp aaopted tt. ‘Ine essential ieatires—the round backed wedge, the locking screw und he gas check—aie due tw our countryman Broadweil, Iti, however, provable that tt would not have proved a success ta our hanus, owing to the state ol the steel manulacture im our cuuniry at bnat ime. This, which hag Second—The French system, been successintly applted to the largest caltores, te also an American invention, developed in #rance, Third—The Woolwich, Miuzgl -tuauing, bas mes With Success a3 a UN, VUE ity 8 Usded projectile is far inie. ior to oar expandin, sysrem, Yue principal advantage 2 Mmited cannon congas in their greater penetration, due to the coucen- tration of elfect on a stmailer and vetter iurm of Fulace; next, in greater explosive content lar sain> welgnt, then range, and lastiy, accuracy. Tae accuracy o: Spice. cad projectiles is, however, quite sulfluient at usaal engaging distances, aud the cference ave toa rifled projeetie ts quite lust in the uitictities of aiming and tue motion of Lota vessels. Thit the riffle to be adopted should be a brevon- loader is, I tak, obvious, and fur two princt,al rousons Farst—In order to utilise & slow powder, less ue- structive to the gun, the bore must have grearer Jensth, in order tu eau of @ fonger time ior the Gases fo act. Sccond—since guns wear out by the rush os gas over the piojectile, in muzsie-iwaders, scormg ibe bore 1s largely prevented by brevoh-lovding, ‘Yo these we may add that, with the imereased Ten,th ol gun, ‘he beam oi very lew 8aips will per- mit the muzzie o: the gun tu come wiihin the port for convenient loading; that there is BO risk of averdeut trom overouding, aad thac incipient crucks are easily detected. Havtug uo columer, 16 is not probavie that we will ever construct cruts- Ing 1ron-clads; nor does it appeur to Le necessury, since must of those now mn existence may bo pierced by their OWN guns, or such guns ua they should carry it properly armed, Slwce the generat itroduction of armor ships THE CONDITIONS OF WARPAKE HAVE BREN ALTERED and the suyject of penetration has become oP para- mount importanee. With wooden ships the mere lodgment of a shell in the side before its expiogion migt Ladies a latal in,ury, but against armored ships complete perio ration is essential. The lorm of tue projectiie, ite material, cross Secon, Weight aud Velocity OO impact must ve such as to insure this, oy it will be practically harmless, LXperiment has proves that shells contaiuing a suitavle bursting charge may be driv through pintes of aihiexnes® equal to the calore ut short Tanges, and this 18 about the Mut OF aselul eitecr. thereiore, with tue present types oF armored sips carryimg from 43¢ lo 6 inches ol armor, 7-inch 18 the lowest calibre on which we can to insure perioration, taking into conside a tion oblique Lupact, even &t siort range. ibe Bogush have, however, sevsied ou tae 8-inch, the Prussian 84-ten (2 centimetres) ana the Frenen 75-ineh (t centmetre) as the yan ior general service, Weightng Irom 17,000 to 20,000 Tbs., Hiring wits tue Charges Of 27.5 (O35 ibs, of powd projectii¢ trom 116 bo 180 tba Capabie of pertorating © menes o1 tron at 1,600 yards, THR MONITORS, The monitors are deficient in speed, though formidable autagonists at Cloge quarters. ‘net sphe-e Of oflence does vot exteBu besond 600 yards, Which might be inereased to 4,400 yards vy The substitution OF un ellicient rife of tue same weight, 10 or H inen calibre, \urious projects ave been brough’ forward to convert our present smooth-bave guns Jato rifles, but these are ail “make-shits,”” O: her nations possess much larger etecks of con- vertible guns, but none have thought fit to con vert them, tor can tiey be converted, to breech. jouders, which I consider the essential jeature in The possiditity af a new t3sue af tnoonvertidle paper I regard with amazement and anrvety, and, in my judgment, such an issue would de a dere ment and a shame.—CHARLES SUMNER, ‘Ginx'’s Baby” Jenkins is tm trouble wits the Ca- Dadians in Ragland, They protest against the language he used in his recent speoch in Dundee, Scotland, and are determined to petition the va. nadian government to revoke the appointment of Mr. Jankina M4. PB. oa ita Parliamentary agent, j Were placed in HAWAII. Funeral of King Lanalilo and Reception by King Kalakawa. clade “LE ROL EST MORT--VIVE LE ROI!" ee Murderous Attack on the Assembly by Queen Emma’s Partisans. _ A KAMEHAMEHA FAOTION FIGHT. Ciainaeaaantinae American and British Marines Restore Quiet. The possibility of a new issue af tnconverttole paper If regard with amazement and anzlety, and, tn my judgment, such an issue would be a detri- ment and & shame,—CHARLES SUMNER, HONOLULU, March 4, 1874, Just now our newspapers are filled with ac- counts of the late King’s funeral obsequies, audi- onecs with the new King, recepuons at the palace, appo utinents to oflce, columns of diplomatic cor- Terpondence, and—last, not least, but most ridicu- Joas—culumns of “rules and regulations,’ “ar- ticles of War’? and “general orders,” or, to be more exact, “general order No. 1” from the “Ha- wailan War Department,’? A KINO L D IN 118 TOMB, Of the King’s funeral it may be said that It was, to @ certain extent, imposing and somewhat solemn. It is safe to any that there was more hearty forrow evinced by the natives than has been witnessed tor many days in this tand of royal deaths and iunerals, Strange to say, there were more natives along the roadsidy than there were tm the procession, fund as they are of assisting on ali Opcasions of public importance. The principal feavure of the procession, out- de of «the imposing funeral car and avtendant hans (featier brushes) porne by per- song Wearing the royal feather capes, was un- doubiedly tie naval division. The English ship ‘enedos, and American smp3 Benicia, Tuscarora and Portsinouth, contributed 600 men and ofMicers, being @ third of the number an line, estimated to be 1,600, The procession was but seventeen min- utes im passing a given point. For several days be.ore the fuucrat took place there had been ru” mors that an attempt would be made to assasst- bate the vew King and heir apparent, and the more timid ady.sed that His Majesty should not take part in the procession; but he resolved to make no change in the programme, the only pre- cautions taken being to have a special police force of tty men surrouading the royal carriage, and an extra guard at the police station, armory and barracks, fhe remains of the late King the Mausolcum in Nuuana Valley, there to remain until the execu- tors of bia will have completed a tomb in the Kawalahao churenyard, intu wiich the re- mains o bis Motierand hiinsels are to be placed, He isieported to have sated that he “had lived with the people, been made King by them, and ween dead he Wisaed to be placed with them in Lue Ghurcuyard Of Lae Miss.on cuurca.’? BEQUESTS. The King’s will provides .or building a home for age), Sick and pour natives, and a fund for iis munintenauce, The story goes buat bis iatner will coutest the will AT AUDINCB WITH THE NEW MONARCH. The toreizn Miniwters and Vonsuis and naval Oiicers have beeo granted an audieuce at the palace. Jn response to the address ot tue Ameri- fan minister, tue ming said:—“lt auords me pro- ound Sa isiacuion Go receive from you the sincere good Wishes and congratulavions which you have JUsLeXpressed upon my accession to tie throne Wud We appointment O1 my Lrotuer tu succeed me, fauall never forget tie prompt im nner in whica you und the ouicers aud men of we United pbutes Blips = ten mm port answered to the cali Of the authorittes on the 12th uit, fu ussisuug = to que = tne sudden and and Unexpected disturounce o: that duy, and you und Captuna Beikuap uud SkerretS tave added vhe more to tue uiuost mnuwerabie obugations for wiuch my Ultic Kiogdom stands ludeyted to your great Kepublic, und Wuich bave assisted in Becuring CO 1b 1u the past the blessings oO peace, bappuess and prosperity, Wuich you uesire lor ib duruyg wy reign.” APPOINTHENTS. Judge Johu M. Kapena has been appointed Gov- erueru: Mant ‘tne nou, samuet Kipt, member of the Legislative Assemb.y irom tilo, tas uven mace Goveruor of Hawai, Messrs. Koyd, Moenonua, Kauai and Kawaluua nave veen appounted to seats wu the Privy Counett, Mayor soya nas representea honuiulu ii tue Assemoty several seasiuns, Mayor Muenduus end Mr. Kaat are meiubers or the As- semuly Whicu just voted ior tue King. Mr. Ka- Wallul 18 ussistant editor oF the Auoxod, the iead- Ing tuwausn Rewspaper. It 13 rumored that ower chunzes will oe ude, Which renders we “ms? uncomlortable and the “uuts” correspond: ingly couiortabie, ‘111M MINISTRY OP WAR. ‘Yhe Was Lepartuwent documents have produced Anytulny OUb a reussuring elect upon the public Muud —Vorunteer companies are piadcea upon ie sume footing with tae Koyat Guard woen in ser- as WW ratious, discipline, &c. Lue one com. Com,osed vf foverguers do not hke (ns arrangement and mt 1s Luougat there may be die Heuity in mhang the r: they reason aier tuts ATU LU tHE Wanss Of Dauves are Just as lisely co be turoed agaiiss tue authoriues xs in support, Which recent experience proves, We are Willng bo preserve iaw and order against NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, MARCH 29, 1874.-QUINTUPLE SHERFT. & mob hunding Stones Aud staves, DUE we ate NOt | uispored to Culle in contact With a body of men better armed taaa any volunteer Company.’ The coumuurty, geneeuby, grumples because the tor- mation Ola royal guard of fiity men means the SUppPsTL O. MN esiaDLSHMeNLO! as many Olicers, Ab UD eXpeuse LO LAXpayers Of $30,000 OF $4u,000 a ear, : DIPLOMATIC ISSUES, When the Cabinet was annouuced it was sup- posed ibac there would be an end of pomp aud parade aud the attevoant expense; (bat measures: Wouid be wiliateu lovking tO the reduction of tue Cspenses vl ue goverument, Auotuer cause OF dissabsiaction 18 the puvication im tne gov Ineut Organ OF an aricle setiung iortn the ‘policy OF the uumiuistration,” cousisiing O1 a striug of geueraities, uucaing to the purpose. We ure told Tait the Cxoimet is @ UNIC as LO NO cession of ter- ritory, Wien We dil KLOW tat the project uf ces 810. 18 a dead suc, not only here, but abroad as well, We ure aino toid Ulat aickering Witu the Un.ted ptates sor a treaty of” coumercial re- ciproeity will also come to an end until th Diates make overtures, We are also toi syuyatoies OF King aud Cabinet must be with the great religion ot Coristianity—that wonderial 1th abd eaching Which BeemMs to adapt itself to ail cutnes aad to ail races and to commend itself equally tO tue inte.iect Of the philosopuer and to the untmored wind of the peasaut; whica re- stratus aud jumbtes tae proud prince im the day ot bis Liuuipt oF seuthes aud comiorts the distressed in toe vour of aluetion.”? ‘The ‘act mus! be told that this community 1s 10 straits, only (00 leady to find Juul with every- tuing or anybody, and that the position of Cabinet Minister is Dot desirauie, save in a money point of view. ROYAL VISIT TO AMERICAN WAR SHTPS. Rts Majesty visited the American vessels of war on the 6i6 1st, and took especal interest mm ex- amuivg the deep sea sounding upparacus on beard toe buscaror Gun practice Ou vuard (ne beuicta aso tuteresced aun greatly, as he bas made gunners aud lorcticatiovs a study. ‘Loe olficers ot tue ship are very lavorably Impressed with the King, oWlug WO bis imteligeace, ready wit and cowmuaua oF linguage. Av the collatiod ou bourd the penicla he responded most’ setcitously to tae Loast proposing bis weaito, SPEAMSHIY COMMUNICATION, The steamers we new Englisa tine have not arr.ved Ou Gide as yet, @ 1act Wiica Americans ad- Vise oUF English iiends oO: With a boven of heny Asa retort jor the avase heaped upon the Weod hine while they per.ormed the service. The Riot in the House of Assembly— L @ing and March of American and British Marines—Order Restored at the Point of the Bayonet, HononuLv, March 6, 1874. History has been making very fast ior tie two weeks to February M4. Anotuer crisis has been met and providentially passed, leaving scars, how. ever, that mar the page, We had our first ex- perience with a native mob, and were compelied to call tna foreign force to restore order; but iet me give your readers tho RECORD OF RVENTS ae whey transpired, Al last advices you were told that the Queen Doweger Emma had caused a proclamation to be fasued setting forth her claims to the throne of this kingdom, and that her act had caused no htile excitement. Preciamations, broadsdes and extra Janues at anr neal nanara tallowad in rapid succes sion, GNU sole elgnteen of more had appeared, setting forth the claims of the rival candidates, some wisely worded and some otherwise. The Queen's strongest suit was based apon the fact that the late King had showa a deciued leaning towards her a3 his suvcessor, ugh, us we must believe from the atatement of his ministers, he had never mentioned his preference to them. It was urged that as the Qneen was a lady of wealth sie would not need to draw oa the public purse for a support, while the Prince was #0 poor that new taxes wonid be levied to sup- port himend his family. When the morning of the 12th inst. dawned, It was patent to the most cisual observer that the Queen had distanced the Prince, so far as the natives of this clection district were concerned, and common report gave the Queen a rapidly growing party tn other ais- tricts on this island. Upon the other islands the Prince was the favorite, It 1# claimed, however, that the Ministry, having charge of the only steamer in the coasting service, had sent her of to bring the Representatives to the capita), aud that the partisans of the Prince hai made the most Of their opportunity to work up their candl- date’s cause, leaving the Queen entirely out of the canvass, PARLIAMENT DI3?ERSED BY A MOB. At noon of the 12th the Assembly met and pro- ceeded to organize. The Queen’s adherents had not settled upon a pelicy to govern them in the Assembly ; they were too weak !n numbers to hope to gain much upless by skirmishing. At one time it was proposed to raise a question as to the right of the newly elected m-mbers to sit, as the term Tor which the members of 1872 were elected was ho! compieted. ibis plan had some lorce, as it was Known that the Ministry had obtained the onion Oo the Justices of the Supreme Court to the effect that the old members were alone entitled to eit, Attwenty minutes to three P. M. the As- sembly prepared to vote ior a sovereign, and in five minutes the vote was annonunced—'45 votes cast, of which Kalakaua has 39; Queen Emma, 6°? A laine cheer was raised ied spectators in the As- sembly Hall but suppressed by tne authorities. During the hour preceding the vote the crowd on tuc outside of the hall had been Larangued by persons im the interest of the Queen, and ¢ ose ob- Servers now Claim that they could see that @ riot would be the result of Kalakaua’s election, some of the Prince’s adhcients appeared on the plat- form on the seaward side of the hall and taunt- ingly said, “Kalakaua {ts the sovereign.” It seemed some minutes before the mob vutside fairly comprehended the situation, Meantime the As- sembly had appointed a committee to wait uy the King elect and msorm him ot bis eieeuon. ‘Thi committee was headed by Major Moehonua, on o1 the Prince’s stancuest friends, The committee had taken their seats in a carriage in waiting to convey them to the palace, and were about to drive of when the carriage was seized and demol- ished, while the members were attacked with clubs, runuing the gauntlet of the mob while striv- ing to regain the building, BLOOD, The members of the committee were more or less injured, the Major being badly beaten about the head and bleeding protuseiy, The Assembly now adjourned, to meet the next day at ten o’cluck A. M, ‘The mov had now asaumed larger proportions, and shouts and threats of vengeance on the Rep- resentatives woo had failed to vote or the Queen Went up trom @ fuadred tnroats, causing the Rep- resentatives toremain in the hall, The mob now aurged toward the entrances to the building in Jront und rear, but were kept back fora time by tne determined action of a tew foreigners, the native police force lating to aiake an efiort to check lngress, A Woman now tlrew a stone at a win- dow, and this was a signal for a shower of missiles, The mob nad now gained the interior of the paild- 3 ie tng and tie furniture trom the offices on the ground floor was soon sent fying ont oi the windows. Tuble and desk legs were wrenched off und used as clubs. rhe moo pushed } their way to the staircases in order to reach the next floor, where the Assembly iial! was located. Members were now trying to get out of the build- ing, and as fast as they appeared they were most cruelly beaten. The wildest confusion now pre- vailed, Although tie rioters looked and acted like madmen there was that metiod in their mad- nesa that led them toailow white men to pass among them without molestation, When the mod reached the natl most of the members had es- caped or secreted themselves. The few that re- Muined Were struck down and beaten with ciubs, One reached a window and got into it only to be pushed oni, faliing mto the crowd below, wiere he Was beaten watil he was supposed to be dead, RECORDS DESTROYED, The building was now pretty thoroughly gutted and the Representatives out of it, with the excep- ton ol lour Who were secreted—one in the horary ol the Supreme Court, the otuers being in the oilice of the clerks of the Court, these being the | only rooms spared by the mob. In the clerks’ room Were stored all the records of the Court, in- | va.uable toevery person in the kingdom. This room was defended by twoor three foreigners, who Kept the door, Just here tt mignt be perti- nent to ask, Where were tue authorities ? Stand- ing about, perfectly powerless and seemingly dazed by the lury of the mob, ‘The military voi- unteer compauies, in the case of natives, could not be trustea, while the only company of for- eignera and hail castes could not be yot together. The police in most instances were qu etly ooking on, whrie a iew were helping the rioters tnto the windows, and one with a club tried to brain @ Representative. The only white Representative Was allowed to go away without iovlestation, altnough it was Known that he nad voted tor tne | Prince. Jt was now about .our o'clock, and there 48 a lull, the riote:s having exuuusted. them- ives on the windows, ‘urniiure and Representa- tives, Threats were now mude to set the building ou fire, and the ceijar doors were broken opeu. FORBIGN AID. the King | At this juncture a message from reached the Ministers, Wno Were standing in the street with the specrators, and the Foreign Mivis- ter immediately caiied upon the Aincrican Minister and British Commussioner jor assistance from te Vessels Of War im the naroor, Within five mninutes the order was countermanded, as it was thought best to call upon the Queen to address the mob, Wita the hope of quieting 1. Messengers went for tae Queen, dud Sue promimed to proceed to the scene ot action; but alter waiting about twenty minutes a messenger arrived stating that she re- fused peremptorily, in the meantiine the oMcers of the ships were Prepanig to jand when sixnal should be mace. Uruers how came to make the signii agreed upon, and in ten minutes the marmes and satiore were tanded from the United States ships Tuscarora aud Portsmouth, iolowed in about five minuies more by the jorce from tae Britisa sup Teneaos, ‘Yne Amertcan jorce landed opposite Bremer & « store, aud, Marching aon Queen street, ap- | peared belore the buliding Ot about a quarter be- | lore five v’ciock. ‘The British sorce lande! at the loot of the Hapianade aud came up Fort street, ar- Tiving a few minutes aiter. When the Americans a peared quiet reigued, 80 that the steady traup Oi Lic Men and the Fumo, Of the Wheeis oi the Gailns gun could be distinotly heard ior some distance, ORDER RESTORED. ‘The fight was now ali out o1 the mob, and they evacuated the building on the doubie quick and | Mingied with the crowd of Spectators. ‘The Ameri- cans had come to a aait, Waitng further orders 11om the local authorities, ihe pause became awkward wid Captain Skerrett was obliged to ask tue cruwd Wo “tacre was anybody in authority apout he build.ng.”? An otiemt appeared and the “ooys im blue” were ordered to mareh in and pos- ses3 tne pbuilding. Ip ies3 ume tuan it tages to narrate it the marimes and sauors appeared at every window in iuiland quiet possession, When the Head ol the British column caine in sight toe natives made the welkin ring With eheers and | shouts, hats were tussed into tie air and the | croWu larly danced for joy. Poor, misguided fel- lows, they had oeen led to Delleve that tue Britis had landed to check the Americans and support the claims of Queen Emma, Vos dream | was radey dispelled Waen the force marened into the sqtttre opposite tue building and, side by side Almericaus, competed the crowd to leave the euclosure, it Was & sitange and Lumiuatiog Sigil that DOW met the gaze of the natives. Where, bat a tew moments beiore, a mob shouted aud yelled for the bood of the Kepresentatives, an armed jorce of Lngiisa and Americans held posses- siou uuder (he Bags ot their respective countries. A teport Was soo started thac a mob oF natives, witn clubs tn their bands, had assembled at the reakience 01 the Queen, Where they Were listening to an inflammatory address from ver adherents, A detachment trom tie bngiish force proceeded to | the Spot und, uader the direction of Attoiney Generat Judd, severai arrests were inade and the premises piaced tuder guard, The wea thar the bngish intended to support the Queen's claims was by Cis time dispeled. By sundown the city Was quiet, under the joint occupation and protection of the joreign 1orces, AnneXalonists ANA cessionists Were juolunt; some Of them veIng INdiscrect enough to Say that the force Would never again ieave Liese shores. LIMPING LEGISLATORS, Next day (Friday, 18th), the Legistative Assembly met at their fai, under the provecwon of tne American | and ager some time spent in securing & querun proceeded w business. A Message Was received irom the King accepting the Toyai ust; and votice was given that tie King would lane the oarn vi office at the resideace of Co.onel | veudergast, Near the palace, Several of the wounded memvers O4 tue Assembly putin an | Qppeurance with taeir heads bundaged and arus - JAPAN, Citizen Clamor for War Against Corea. YorouaMa, Feb, 23, isi, The dissatisfaction of the Samourat with tha policy of the administration has at last culminated in Open revolt, which has very nearly assumed tha proportions and importance of @ revolution. The rising commenced tn Saga Ken (formerly the Pring clpality of Hizen), where the insurgents assembled in a temple, and, after stating that they demanded an immediate prosecution of the war against the Corea, attacked a bank, causing the clerks to flee, and helped themselves to the contents, aboug $200,000. The Saga men were joined In a few daya by Samourai trom Chikuzen and Geishiv. At. tempts have also been made to induce the men of | with ¢he Corea would be the inevitable result, | chief OF the insurgents 1s said Lo be Yeto Shimpei, | atte | laws and the tuxes can be cortrotted sh | 1.00 years at thing Kiushin (Satsuma) to join them. But althougts the people of this province are exceedingly dise Satisfed and almost ripe for a rising, they have noe yet responded to the call, They are watting only Jor & Word from one of their own chiefs to join, BATTLE WITH THE TROOPS, As soon as the government heard of the revolt they sent troops aud men-ofwar to attempt te { quell it, In the first brush the insurgents had wittt the government troops, the tora succeeded im driving the latter back and killingseveral of tha officers, since then Okubo has been sent down to see if he cannot restore quict without a further recourse to arms, GUARDING AGAINST PRESS CANARDS. On account of the extremely mischievous remark, which have been indulged in by the newly developed local Japanese press, the government has pronin- ived any officer from furnishing these papers wi any items of news, Ac the sane time, recogniz. ing the fact that the people will have some in formation of what 1s transpiring in government circles, the Prime Minister has sent the following letter to the Governor of Tokio for publication. The tenor of the manifesto is undoubtedly ine tended to allay the fears of foreigners and the rege idents of Tokio and its vicmity :— Information has been received that the Samonrai of; Saga Ken have openly rebelted since the end of January, ‘on the subyect of the Corean expedition and the restora- tion of the teudal system. The government, being firmly determined, has sent Naima Kiyo Okubo Ictzo and sev; al other officers to the west to put them down. Nay and military officers, wih a suMcient force, and judicial’ officers were ordered to tol ow, and leit on the 14th inst. 5 so they will be quieted ina tew days Though there ara reports that Saga ken Samoarai havo tried to excite popular feeling on the above subjects in other clans,. none of the people'in the neighboring Kens agreed with’ them. The Kagoshima samourai. in particular, have been very quiet since Saigo b. mn among them, although’ they were sumewhat excited before. Ti ort of Naimu Daijo Hayashi who was an eas; and besides, reliable information of the q this Ken hag been continually received. Although af, one time the Kochi Ken (Tosa) “people were sald to have: been excited, yet repeated examinations proves that much of this iy @ mistake, and at present the Ken is per- ctly quiet, The persons who committed the outrage on vakura Udaijin were captured within a week and have contessed their crime. As, however, there are stil some fellows who were accomplices, strict search must con- tinue to be made; and this inustbe in every Ken. The Vdaijin, was very’ slightly wounded, and js recovered now. In a few days ho will return to his daty. received that some part hin is disturbed, Jlunil Siimedzu made ap- to Hix M that he thould. be seut to 1 he was actuated Ly pure patriotism the smperor complied H plied with his request. | He sutsequently lest tor Kogostuna, ho imaging there may be some that Shimadzu has ‘gone for a bad purpose; this, there- fore, tw declared to remove this apprehension. ‘Yokel ta Very quiet, and since the mistortune of the Udaijln the officers have heen most industrious. The newly raised police are gradually arriving. so protection is pertect. he o b Informauion baving of Ki t of government is tinchanyed, and the Ken rdered to increas« the vigtlance of the police, iety may be relied upon. In some districts s cométinies excite the people by spreading reports, and it is made much of even if a high es irow bis place. Each Ken should strouly guard, each main Cho, ul to let the peop.e under= stand their duty. NEYOSHI, Daijo Daijin, A PROVINCIAL PACIFICATION, Fearing that the Satsuma men might also join the insurgents, Schimadzu Saboro, who has been in Jeddo tor the last six months, and who is said ta be in periect accord with the Ministry, requested permis:ion to go to Kiushiu, to use his influence ta prevent the en of his province trom rising. The Joilowing letter was sent to im by the Mikado prior to his departure :— You Schimadzu, feeling anxions about the condition of the Westerm provinces, have lately more than ence expressed 4 Gesire to proceed the Ken of Kagoshima. 1 appreciate your loyal motives, and al- though itis hard to dispense with your pre: ata time when ihe press of public busin fFeah as It appears that, dnder the circumstances, therg IS no Other aliernative, you will proceed to your Ken at once, and exert yourself to tho best of your ability. You are expected fo return to deddo as soli alter as you pos sibly can. Schimadzu was accompanied by several of his old retainers, among them Ligiara, or Hatakayama, the President of the Imperial College of foklo, & gentieman well known in America. He is a man ol considerable importance in tis clan. If Schimauzu is sincere | have no doubt that be can do a great deal towards tranquillzing the southern provinces, But there are some persons who assume toat he ts, at heart, in favor o1 the inpar- ants, I helleve, however, that both Okubo and Schimadza have beeu instructed to iniorm the re- volters that the war with the Corea snail be under. taken in due time, bub that at present it would be Uuwise to commence hosulities, from the fact that Japan is uot yet properly prepared for so import ant and grave an undertaking, The army is nov on @ proper footing and tue treasury 18 Lot suf ficentiy flush of cash. Some British men-oi-war have, however, been ordered with haste to Nage- saki. CABINET CONSEQUENCES. So far the troubdies in the South have not assumed any formidaole dimeusions, But 1b Gare Okubo and Senimadzu suould fail in their missions, affairs would look serous. A complete change of the Minisiry must foliow, and an immediate war The oue of the officers who sigued the lished in tis correspondeuce ta the subject Oo; representative yove the Insurgents be appeased and quie to believe taal the government wil great cicmency towards those WhO toon U, but it will probauly go a htite hard wi Iwakura bas entirely recovered ior his Wounds, but "is position in the nO meaus plevsant, t heard y aay. from an oMcer of considerable importance in the govern. ment, that fs attack was by ho mejns the fret Apt made upon gim, [ was intorimed that a lew days belore this att Was male Yeto, Gote and Soyespima calied upon Iwakura with tueie swords hidden in their umbrellas, but that Lwa- kura reiused to seo them. THE INDEMNITY PAYMENTS. The representatives of Holland, Great Britta wice have each received a check for $125,000 on account of tae balance of the wopalt Shimon. esekt Indenmity lund. The proportion for tne maui!es month, pub: ots Cabinet is by United States is held in abesance unt binstractions: ived from Washington, RY FINANCE. Minister, has ay in the ol shall nave been TREA: Osuma, the Finance following report as to agains Ihave the honor to report to Your M the im- provemenis wien have taken place in the department under my charge. Under the feudal sysem Ute rates of the land tex and the provincial boundaries became in volved, so that the number of feld and the w the land tax was uucesiain. Now the foc of ment haying been centralized as in ancient t the state finaoclal over ihe whole empire ) aot be perk account of the rice neids and the tas inquired into last year. i First—The extent of the ries fields in this country is 8,516,079 cho, 4 tan, Sse. and 7 tsubo. The revenue iron ties lands’ amounted to. H.Ss000_koxu ot tice am 1,30),900 yen. ‘This eatentition is based upon the reposts sentin to Ukarasho by #u and Ken during the 6. Meiit (si. the customs duties amt other taxes a 3 Serond—The registration ot the people has led for along dime; bur it has now been te \y, omplished, and the census shows the poptiacton of mv are Ly be $3,110,000, “rine incronse in the people y be thas ween Whird: jough the gold and silver coinsge has been perieeted, the copper coms were nol cowploced, and the Want ot them catised much inconveniene ely the Mint has noutle! the Okurnsho iM: i. wow tnedaed ; and now, the three kinds of wouey being cireulated, the lueonveritence has been 1 Fourth, The Japanes* money in America und engiunt. Of the stock wats @2ly yen per 1), but iA during tue present w f crmment has borrowed Last speine the price raduatly the price r it has reached: n per 100, Puch ts the rise Within a year, four counry Were looked wyon as poor and weak this rise would not have taken place, even urough id, inv u amount of interest. This shows the con@- Seeee of ret ners in Japan, and it serves to Hlustrate fo us the progress we are matin; Poth —t iormerly esiimated the debt of the okt nang As amounting to CUL0LDCW yens but having closely ex- Amie? ho accounts | Bad it yréatly reduced, being only Zid V yen. Besides this many Samourat have gladly returned the old paper diencing the accard between the people ani t at ‘Sizth—Last year, by uh inate estinntes tor the mi Atthac time ( ealeulated that the sarpins of income over the expenditure would be 210,00) yen, and 1 reported accoraigly. + became apprcbensive, however, lest weveral he nd pected deman would have prevente rpins mm rice and mot ts actually 4.416,( 5. yen St sens iD sitnys. =‘Tuke it altogether, ths day's session presented @ strauge sigat. In the corners ol the hall could be seen the wreck of desks und tuvier, Upon the floor and upon the Walls povis and spots oi dived gitll re- Mained as sient witnesses or the fray of the day betore; nobies, Representatives aus spectators oc- Cups tig the avaiiade space in tue midule OV the hail, while Amencan sattors, armed to tire teeth, paced vetore the doors and affurded that proteo- tion whic natives would bot be trusted to give, AL nuou the King foox the oath 0: omice in the presence o/ the aipiomatic and consular corps, the oMmvers of the wur vessels atd nobles and Kepre- sentatives. in @ jew remirks whieh be was jeased to Duke belore taking the varh he said that it nad vecn his wtention “to grant a new constitu un to his people; bat, owing te the ex- cilement and vieturbance, be lett thas % wus his | were fret by the different men-ol-war lance on hand on ihe Ist of Jana. ists MOL exactly crieuinwal (the Accounts are HOt yet closed), yet when revenue and CX Auvure are compared beds will ea surpivs “Mle i doubted, “Aithoush Lam but ignorant, Your Majesty's benevos ited me Okra Kive;and, as in duty bound, & Rrive might, ani dai duties of my otlice- Looking back upon never has there been such rapid pro-resy as S2t reige, _Tuerorere 1 Baanbiy siieve thes vee esty sit romulzute your wise designs fey varsassing that ol irceign® uations, shall be cata: lished forever (lit. tor 1,00 , ears). AN OLD FASHIONED CELEBRATION, The 1ith tnat. was observed turoughout Japan as @ grand holiday, being the anniversary o) the ioand- ing oj the Empire and tue commencement ef tie reign oi Jiamu Tenuo, 2,584 yours Cal salutes duty to do ail that te covld to Rivenythen the | Lott Jupansse and ivreign, aud te séfes cont oun dationa of nower,” dor three drys,