The New York Herald Newspaper, October 1, 1873, Page 7

/ ¢ 3 = THE MODOCS. Approaching Execution of the Captive Murderers. _- HISTORY OF THE TRIBE, ey The Late Extraordinary Campaign and Its Results. Rout and Capture ot Cap=- tain Jack. Sketches of the Chief and His Con- federate Assassins. The Herald Commissioner Among Old Acquaintances, DEATH OF CANBY RECALLED. Responsibility for the War and Its Calamities, Fort KiaMatn, Oregon, Sept. 17, 1873, The journey from New York to Fort Klamath would, some six or seven years ago, have occupied at least five or six months; butin these days of progress steam and the iron rail have-considera- bly diminished the loss of time and labor attendant on a trip from East to West. It is now just eleven days since I left New York city, and seven days by rail, one and a half by coach and two and a half by special Wagon find over 3,600 miles accomplished and your correspondent safely installed in comtortuble quarters at his destination. I leit the railroad at | Redding and tovk stage to Jacksonville, from whence I had a very pleasant drive with a buggy and team up the Rogue River Vailey and through some of the most picturesque scenery in Oregon to the abiding place of my old friends—the Mo- docs. Fort Klamath is situated in the State of | Oregon, about 500 or 600 miles due north of San Francisco, and is generally considered one of the Pleasantest stations in the Department of the Lakes. This fort has, during the past three months, been brought into considerable notoriety by the pres- ence of Captain Jack and the rest of the Modoc tribe, who are locatea there awaiting Mture de- velopments. The gurrison now comprises com- panies Eand Gof tie Twelfth infintry, F of the Twenty-first infantry and Captain Hasbrouck’s mounted battery of the Fourth artillery, all under the command of Brevet Major General Frank Wheaton, Lieutenant Colouél Twenty-first in- fantry. ‘The history of the Modoc war is probably well known by chis time to ail the reading public, but it might not be amiss, under the present cir- cumstances, to recapitnlate some of the leading features of the cam) aign, and make a résumé of the history of this extraordinary tribe, who, as much as the Seminoles of Fiorida, drew the public mind tor a season with intense curiosity to their movements. None of our Indian wars have had half the thrilling and tragic interest, nor a tithe oi the curious elements of wariare, that characterized the late | Modoc campaign. Peonle had never heard of this strange tribe of Indians until they had pro- claimed deflance of the government authority. They lived so far away irom the com- | mon stamping grounds of he redmen and they had always behaved themselves | n 80 comparatively exemplary a manner that no | attention whatevar was drawn to their existence. Little ill was spoken of them, but, on the contrary, much to their credit was recorded. “he subsequent trouble was the old story of unprincipled Indian agents, m league with equally unprincipled white settiers, setiing on ioot a scheme to rob these people of their iands and carrying out the project through the authority of government orders | secured througn unscrupulous misrepresentations, | THE CHARACTER OF THE MODOCS Was not originaliy of a bad type. They were intel- ligent enough to feel conscious that the scheme to deprive them of their huntiig grounds was a vio- lation of faith anda downright swindle besides, The explosion 0/ savage vengeance that followed, while every way ablorrent to civilized sentiment, had some mitigating elements. There was @ secret sense in peopie’s minds that this hitherto peaceable trive had been unfairly dealt with; that there was cheating somewhere, and, though necessary to assert the authority of the government, no feeling of bloodt irsty retribution accompanied the orders to coerce and conquer the Tebellious tribe. Then, when it was shown by the system of wariare (hat followed that these Indians were no commonpiace fighters, butsiirewd, skilled and intelligent warriors, something akin to admir- ‘tion of their singularly prolonged and persistent DEFENCE OF THEIR STRONGHOLD in the lava beds was felt in the public mind, Peo- pie sdid :—“These people are fighting for something | else besides the mere savage fun of fighting. They must have been provoked by some grievance,”’ But | ag usual where the Indians are concerned, few stopped to inquire what the grievance was, The repeated efforts or the | United States troops to drive this tribe from the singularly odd stronghold where they entrenched | themselves drew the attention of the whole country to the progress of the prolonged and ex- citing struggle. lad the Modocs, at the time when | propositions of aconierence to discuss peace be- tween them and the government, been wiser in their conclusions and met our comuissioners | in good faith they might have retired from the struggle on good terms and with some degree of glory for the stubborn fight they had sus- tained so long. But the Indian nature revealed itself, and by one dastardiy and cold-blooded deed they sacrificed not alone all their future prospects, | but the character they had previously acquired tor | something like @ heroic obstinacy. In the massa- cre of General Canby and Mr. Thomas they showed their true colors as pitiless and incarnate fiends, and drew from the entire country a cry for swiit and stern retribution. THE MODOC TROUBLES: and their origin were never very clearly under- | stood by the general run of readers. 1 will here endeavor to recount their historyy The Modoc tribe resided for over forty years on the borders of California anid Oregon, at a place called Lost River. This section of country they claimed as, their own. The Oregon s-ttlers and the Indians had = occasionally trouble among themseives. It is about eighteen years since one of these lawless pioneers of | the white man’s civilization, named Ben Wright, invited a number cf Modocs toa peace feast, and when he got them all together his men fired into the crowd and killed some forty or fifty. This ex. ample of treachery was not lost on the Modocs, Of course, alter it happened, there was | considerable distrust between the whites and Indians, and after: the country ,was tolerubly well settled, in about the year 157, there was some movement made to get the tribe on a reservation. In the year 1864 the Modoc tribe, or what was left of them, were residents on Lost River, near Tule Lake, under the leadership of A CHIKF NAMED SCHONCHTES, and an effort was then made by the resident In- dian Commissioner to get them to move to Yinox Teservation, on Martin River, Oregon, about fitty miles due north of Lost River. Alter considerable talk Schonches and about thirty warriors, with their aquaws and papooses, lett for the reserva. won; bur the remawder of the tribe decided to re- | going around the northern end of Tule Lake, jomed | Bob | order named. NEW Main where they were ana recognized Captain Jack as their chief, This, however, did not satisfy the Oregon settlers, and persistent effurts were made to get Captain Jack and the rest of the tribe to move in the same direction, They, however, had = made occasional visits to the reservation, and, finding that game was scarce, preferred the plentiful supply from Lost River to taking the chances of living at the ' government's expense, The troubles, however, still continued, and in the fall of 186% Mr. Lindsay Applegate induced Captain Jack and his band to move up to the Yinox reservation. They remained were duritig the months of September, October, November, December and January, and then re~ turned to their old quarters on Lost River, Cap- | tain Jack stated as one of hig : ReaSONS POR RETURNING thas mney had nothing to eat on the reservation, and that they nad been inveigiea away from their old home ‘on Lost River in order to steal their lands away from them, The Modocs had a good many-quarrels with the Oregon settlers, who were @ rapacious and unscrupulous set of men, always on the aggressive and ever ready to take ad- vantage of the red men. The Modocs were striving to behave themselves as well as they could in their old quarters, when in an evil moment Mr. Odineal, the Indian Commissioner, in collusion, it is alleged, with the Oregon settlers, wno wanted the Modoc lands at Lost River, determined to re_ move the tribe to the Yinax reservation, where they had heretofore been, but found nothing to eat there. To effect thisa display of force was thought necessary. A combined movement was conse- quently made on Thanksgiving Day last November. A party of soldiers from Fort Klamath, under the command of Mayor Jackson, visited Captain Jack’s party, and simultaneously a party of Oregon set- tlers, well armed and under the command of Oliver Applegate, went to the camp of the party, under the leadership of Curly-headed Doctor. THE FIRST MODOC FIGHT. A discussion ensued between’ Captain Jack's band and the troops, and as the former refused to | leave their quarters to go and starve to death on the reservation a fight ensued and both parties claimed that the other fired first, . In this fight two Indians were killed and several | soldiers killed and wounded. in the meantime the Curly-headed Doctor’s band had nearly been pre- vailed on by the settlers to go to the reservation, being told that Captain Jack’s party had surren- dered, but, hearing the firing on the other side of the river, they fefused to go, and presently both sides began firing. The citizens finally retired, leaving one of their party dead on the field, and the Indians state the whites killed a squaw and two pappooses in the fight. This party then broke loose over the country and murdered some twelve or thirteen white settlers, and then, Captain Jack in the lava beds, Captain Jack and his party had retreated there immediately afier his fight witn the soldiers, but kept on the California side of the river and went into the lava beds from the southern side, They did not murder any citizens on their retreat, and, in fat, told a settler, named Samuel Watson, to go home, as they only WANTED TO FIGHT WITH SOLDIERS, not settlers, It is piain that bad fatth and mis- management on our side provoked the train of calamitous circumstances that followed. When Curly Headed Doctor’s perty arrived in the lava beds Captain Jack would not let them go out murdering again, but kept them with him to fight soldiers, not settlers. The first inteiligence of the Thanksgiving fight that was brought to the Battle Creek Flat settlers came by Samuel Watson, the man who had been sent back by Captain Jack unharmed, Messrs. Fair- child, Doris, Ball and others then paid i a visit to Shack Nasty Jim’s party, who wero re- siding near Fairchild’s ranch, and found them very much excited, as they had heard the Oregor set- tiers were coming over to clean them out, Fair- child and party told them to keep quiet and they would see that they were not harmed. These In- dians had considerable CONFIDENCE IN FAIRCHILD, as they had lived close to him for years without trouble, but hearing that the settlers of a place called Linkville had an intention of attacking them, they storted offone night to the mountains and joined Captain Jack in the lava beds, rein- forcing bis command with fourteen of the best warriors in the tribe. A conference or big talk jollowed, and a_ letter trom Major Green, In command of the military, was read, offer- ing as terms an unconditional surrender of the murderers and the immediate departure of the re- nfainder to the reservation. Captain Jack refused to go to the reservation, and then and there com- menced the war with a big victory tor the Modocs atthe start, They occupied asa stronghold the famous place known as the lava beds, This spot was composed of immense blocks of rocks that looked as if they had been suddenly upheaved from the earth and had fallen in in- describable contusion one over the other, There were deep _ fissures and crevices over @ hundred feet deep and all kinds of rocks, forming natural fortifications that five men could de'end against a huncred, It was Major Wheaton who commanded the troops in the first battle where the Modocs triumphed. He was relieved by General Gillem, and then iol- lowed a series of peace and war approaches to the | Modocs which alternately saddened and amused the country. Imay here recall my visit to the camp of the Modoc warriors, There was much to contend against, for the enterprise was frowned on by those in authority at the headquarters of the army, and as for the Indian agents and the Peace Commissioners, they threw every obstacle in the way; but in spite of all I contrived to reach the cave of the Modocs and meet there the chief men of the tribe, The jonrney was tedions and trying, and it is needless to recall its in- cidents. I shall only recount what happened alter I got fairly down into the cave among the rocky fustnesses, where the savages were assem- bled. Alter sitting for about half an hour round the fire, which time was passed in distributing to- bacco and making the acquaintance of several painted savages, I was told by Matilda, | the squaw, that there was a little dif | ference of opinion as to whether the | HERALD correspondent was to be admitted to the | council, The friends of literature finally prevail and a messenger soon arrived with orders to con- vey our party to the council cave, accompanied by Whittle and his squaw. 1 followed our guide, and after clambering up the rough walls of ove chasm, we walked, or rather crawled, about 100 yards over some broken rocks, when the guide suddenly disappeared down a dark hole, The HERALD correspondent followed, but not being acquainted with the nature of the country, went down faster than necessary, and found himself IN A LARGE CAVE, lit up by a blaze of fire which was burning in the centre, and gave sumMcient light to enable me to see some flity or sixty Modocs seated round in cir- cles four or tive deep, Edging my way through (he motley throng, I came to a vacant spot in the front circle, but before sitting down | shook hands with Captain Jack and Scar-faced Charley, on whose leit, with considerable courtesy, 1 was placed. | took my seat there like the rest, It was a strange scene, and a fit subject for some figure artist, for certainly | no troop of Italian bandits could have made @ wilder or more picturesque picture, As soon as I had recovered from the first, flutter which the Pale of so many celebrities had excited, ventured to take a quiet look around, | and ound that IL was the object of general attention, and judging from the favor- uble glances received it appeared the party were inclined to tolerate my presence. Mr. Fairchild explained that I was A PAPER MAN, and that [ had come from far off—from the big city by the sea—and that I was anxious to hear the Indians’ own story of their troubles, and that I had followed their trail in the snow, This speeca | was translated by Bogus Charley and was received | with genuine approbation, expressed by a choras of grunts sounding like a guttural pronunciation of the ietter “A.” Captain Jack looked very sick, and was sitting with a blanket around his’ limbs and supporting himself by resting his hands on the handle of one of their root diggers, which was stuck in the ground before him, Bogus Charley sat on his right, and acted as interpreter, and Schonchin was to the right of Charley, Snack Nasty Jim sat to the left of Captain Jack, and then came Fairchild, Scar-Faced Charley, the HERALD correspondent, and Bob Whittle, in the ‘The rest of the Modocs were sea ted around in circles, and ¥ noticed that many of them had washed off their paint, and came to the coun- cil without their arms. Shortly after my tntroduc- tion Mr, Fairchiid prodoced his instructions from the Peace Commissioners, and read them by sen- tences in English and Bogus Charley translated th They simply informed Captain Jack who comprised the Peace Commissioners that the President had sent, and how they were willing to delay the grand counctl until the arrival of Judge Roseborough and their friend Elijah Steele, of Yreka. It also alinded to BEN WRIGHT'S TREACHERY, and said that Ben was @ bad man. Mis allusion, | took place which resulted in they have acherous ‘intentions.’ Generals Canby and (car AUGHED AT HIS FEARS, ' and the ya ‘y flually started on their mission, from which t. vever came vack alive. The party con- sisted vf eral Canby, Dr. Thomas, Boston and Bogu: sey on toot, Mr. Meacham, Mr. Dyer Kidd his squaw Tobe, on horseback. General Gillie did not go, being laid up with | illness, | They all walked quietly towards the rendezvous, and arrived there without any incident of importance occurring | ont o: his pocket, snapped a pistol at General however, was rather an unhappy one when it as translated the noble savage evinced the most decided disgust at the introduction of such @ reminiscence. After Fairchild had got saroane ang! stated he had come to make arran, for the meeting, John Schonchin, of Schonchin the old ohie& He said:—“white chief, ten your people white men shoot first, 1 tell no tie, ” give away all my country, keep little piece on Lost River, yet the: shoot me. Idon’t know what for, I gave them my land, water, grass, everything. I don't charge nothing tor my country—give away all, ni the; shoot me, Want little piece on Lost River, don't like to fight. I told them so, They shoot squaws, little girl 2 JACK'S TALK. Captain Jack :—said “I talk with one tongue; Mr. Meacham got two tongues, All boys here ore mind, Want whites all one mind. I teil him truth. I want to tell him gas before fight same as white man aiter fight. Want same law for white and Indian, Meacham’s side oniy halkminced. ‘This side all one mind, ‘Tell Meacham I want lim to come to no gassing. ‘Tell him not be scared this man fiom paper afar om. He come to hear me talk, Ue hear Ba Me hear no more bard stori¢s about me. EES Fu yee te. *h3 incew Heep soldiers where they wre, Come soon; want paper man to come, Come first day ready; tired waiting; want to talk.” From what I saw at this time of the Indians in the lava beds, and from what [ learned of their his- tory I considered they had been badly treated, and that the origin of the war can easily be traced to a tew Oregonians, Not long after my visit to the lava beds ‘ THE FATAL CONFERENCE massacre of Canby and Thomas, It occurred in this way:— Boston Charley, who had been acting asa kind of courier and Spy tor Captain Jack, had arranged, in behali of the Modocs, to secant the terms then of- fered by General Canby to go to Angel Island until a reservation had been selected for them in seme distant country. In pursuance of this treaty he asked for three or four wagons to come and meet them at Klamath Lake on the Monday tollowing atnoon. He said General Canby and the members ae Peace Commission might come, but no soldiers, GENERAL CANBY’S WARING. On the Sunday evening Tobe Kfddle's squaw came to General Canby and beseeched him not to g0, saying it was a plot among the Indiams to Massacre them all and securg the horses out of the teams. Both Generals Caby and Gillen, Mr. Elijah Steele anda number of others laughed at the 1dea of such @ thing, and both Riddle and his squaw were looked upon as playing a double game. For over a week not’ @ day _ passed. by without one or more Modocs coming into camp, ostensibly to talk, but in reality to bég and trade with the sutier, They brought in their | feathers and sold them to the sutler for clothing, soap, matches and other articles. Food they got im plenty, a8 General Canby was too kind-heirted to refuse any of their demands tor food, and they generally returned to ttieir camp each carrying @ full bag of provisions. Boston Charley was in nearly every day, and was in the habit of mak- ing his headquarters in General Canby’s tent. The day before the massacre Boston Char- ley and Bogus Charley came into camp and made arrangements for the meeting of the succeeding day. ‘They arranged to meet at a spot about half a mile from the camp. Two meetings had been held at the same spot and a wall tent was kept pitched on the ground so as to give shelter in case oj rain, This little flat, covered with bunch grass and loose scoria, and which subse- quently became notorious as the scene ol the massacre, was hid trom the Cae by some inter- vening rolling.ground, but was in full view of the signal station on the bluff. AN UNHEEDED WARNING. Early on Friday morning, the d I the massacre, Tobe, Rtddle’s squaw, came to Meacham and beseeched him not to go out, a8 she was certain the Indians meant to Kill them. She gave her reasons and Mr. Meacham went to General Canbv and the other Commissioners and related her story, but neither General Canby nor General Gillem-nor Dr. Thomas would put any credence in the statement. Dr. Dyer ielt somewoat like Mr. Meacham, and said that he could not #ee what Tobe had to gain by lying on such a subject, General Canby said that he looked at the case in another light, and could not see how she Indians would help their case by murdering them, with 8® many troops on each side of them; it would be only precipitating a war, which they were anxjous to avert. Dr, Thomas said he was satisfied the Indians meant no treachery, and that nosbould go, as he felt certain that the God in wh he trusted would guard over him while §¢ went on such a mis- gion. After som juctance, and with evident mnisgivings as tr result, Messrs. Dyar and Meacham conserted 9 go, and the party were pre- paring to start woon Riddle called them all into General Gillem’s teat and said:—“Gentlemen, I want you to hy ae blameless if any harm comes to you to-day, anc | lee! confident the Modocs mean no good. They will not shoot me, because I am married to one of their tribe, but I greatly tear but it was noticed that Boston Charley stopped behind them a little and looked behind. as ti! to se that there were no soldiers about. General Canby and the Peace Commissioners, when they arrived at the tent, were shortly alterwards joined by Captain Jack, Joun Schonchin, Shack Nasty Jim, | Hawker Jim, Ellen's man and Black Jim. The | party finally sat down in a kind of broken circle, General Canby sat facing the wes with Mr. Meacham on his left. Dr. Thomas sat to the lett of Mr. Meacham. A little back and adjoin- ing him were Riddie and his squaw. Captain Jack | sat neariy opposite General Canby, with Schonchin, Black Jim = and Eilen’s man on his leit, and on his right were Mr. Dryar, Shack Nasty Jim, Hawker Jim and Boston Chartey. Mr. Dyar was standing alongside of Jack during the conference, holding his horse, and Mr. Meacham’s was tied a little in his rear. Bogus | Charley was not sitting down, but kept moving | about ina restless manner. Mr, Meacham opened | the talk {na long speech, in which he told the In- dians how anxious he Was to arrange a peace with them, so that the President would be pleased and there would be no more fighting. Mr. Meacham spoke for nearly half an nour after wifich ‘General Canby talked, telling them not to be atraid oj the soidiers; they were their friends, and would not hurt them, Nothing could have been kinder than his speech to these savages, and the tender-hearted old gen- tleman talked to them as if they had been his own children, Dr, Thomas then | taiked in his kind. quiet way, and was telling | them how dificult it would be for them to. live at peace in this part of the country, and how much better it would be for them to go with their fami- lies to some other place, where they would be fed and clothed by the government. THE MASSACRE BEGINS. While Dr. Thomas was speaking Captain Jack rot up and walked back to where Meacham's horse was tied, and then, returning, said aloud “Hetuck”’ (Are you ready?) and, pulling his hand Canby. This was the signal for the murder- ers, and they instantly began their bloody work. There was no hurry or confusion in their manner; each man had selected his victim, and | they had only been awaiting the signal. At the first ( snap of Captain Jack's pistol General Canby got up and ran in a southerly direction, followed by Captain Jack and Shack Nasty Jim, who both fired at him. The poor old. gentleman ran about fifty yards, when he threw up his hands and fell, Bogus Charley, Shack Nasty Jim and another In- dian then thew themselves upon him, and, after stanbing him in the throat, stripped him of every- thing he bad on, They did not leave a vestige of clothing on his body, and the only portion of his apparel found was @ snail black necktie. Mr. Meachem rose at the same time as General Canby to receive a bullet trom the pistol of John onchin; but he ran off a short distance, about ty or eighty yards, and thea fell, shot in four place His murderers then stripped him to his underclothing, and left him, as they supposed, a ghastly, bleeding corpse. POOR DR. THOMAS : was shot through the head in the first fire by Boston,Charley, the treacherous brute, who had breaklasted with him the same morning. He stag- gered a few yards and fell on his knees, at the me time asking Boston Chariey to spare his life. ‘The flend replied by firing another bullet through his head, and at the same time Bogus Charley said to him, “Why you no belfeve squaw?" Boston Charley, alter stripping the body of Dr. Thomas to the waist, ran to where Meacham was lying and com- menced scalping him, when the squaw Tobe shouted, “The soldiers are coming!’ and the cow- ardiy devil ran oif, Mr. Dyar was standing on Jack's right when the first shot was fred and he immediately turned and ran for camp, followed by Hawker Jim, who fired two shots after him. Dyar, thinking that Hawker Jim was gaining, drew his Derringer and, turning round, snapped it. The istol did nov go off, but the coward no sooner saw | { than he wheeled and ran back to where the rest | of the party were finishing their bloody work. This whole scene was RNACTED IN A VERY FEW MINUTES, | and before the troops got on the ground the mur. | derers were safe in their rocky fastnesses, A shout from the signal station brought the troops | out and they soon arrived on the scene of the mur: | der. When they came to where the body of their beloved General was lying coid and dead, dis- | figured with his wounds, they did not at first recognize him ; but, learning the horrid truth, they dashed forward among the rocks eager to revenge | his murder, but General Gillem heid them back to | reserve their vengeance ior another time, Mr. Meacham survived his wounds, This cold-blooded massacre, of course, ended all peace negotiations, and shortly afterwards General Gillem moved forward “to mete out the punisii- ment’ that had been so justly earned, GENERAL GILLEM'S FORCES mustered about 600, and the attack was made from the east and west, Cojonel Mason commanded the eastern division, Major Green the western division nd General Gillem, assisted by the signal Corps, superintended the entire movements, Alter three day's fighting the mortar battery, under the command of Captain Evan Thomas, of the Fourth artillery, succeeded in aang Cap. ey tain Jack’s stronghold rather uncomfortable, and the Modocs broke out and took up # position about five miles to the southward, Nothing was then done for some Aays, and on the 26th of April Cap- tain Evan Thomas Was sent out to recopnoitre the Modoe positton, with @ small command selected | ment: from the Fourth artillery and Twelith infantry. ‘This expedition resulted very disastrously, as che pay, were ied into an ambuscade and the army tthe services of Captaia Evan Thomas, as gallant @n officer ag ever breathed; Lieutenants Wright, ' . YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 1, 1873—QUADRUPLE SHEET. Howe, Cranston and Harris, Acting Assitant Sur- n Semig was aiso shot in two places while ressing the wounds of a wounded soicher in the field. marty aiter this event General Jefferson Davis arrived in command of the Department of the Lakes, General Wheaton was reius!atedin com- Taand Of the torces in the field and General Gillem returned to Benicta, Cal., to the command of his reg iment, After several skirmishes, in which Captain Hasbrouck rather distinguished himself, the Hot Creek party o! the Modocs came in and surren- dered, and General Davis, holding their wives and children as security for their good faith, armed four of the band, and was led by them to the lurk- ing place of Captain Jack, who With the rest of the party were shortly alterwards captured. The Mo- docs were then removed to Fort Klainath, and | afterwards tried by military commission, THE CLOSE OF Tre WAR, ~ The little Modoc {orce dfRappearo4 rapidly when ry ser to the Wall, Firs Game the surrender of he Bot-Creek Jod'i5, sixteen in number, and this broke the backoene of the war. Captain Fairchild perce tal mie four of those wio surrendered, of i 8 Charlie. looker Jim, Shack Nasty Jim and Steamboat nk, and by their aid to discover the bm Place of the rest. On the 29th of May, after a@ long chase, Boston Charley who murdered Dr. Thomas, finding himself sur- rounded, delivered himself up, Seven squaws, in- cluding Mary, Jack’s sister, Were captured at the same time. On the following morning the trail was taken up, and before sundown tie Modocs, seeing they were about to be corralled, threw up the sponge at once. Scar-Faced Charley gave up his gun and said he would fight no more. Charley was told to go back and bring fn all who wanted to surrender, and next morning he returned with nine others, making eleven Modocs in all. On the 1st of June Perry’s command, which had joined the expedition, was on the tail, his Warm Spring Indians following it back near to the camp on William Creek. A Warm Spring discovered one of Jack's scouts, stole upon him and disarmed him. He promised to show them where Jack was, and the Warm Springs soun had the doughty warrior in their hands. There were now as prisoners Oaptain Jack, chief; Schonchin, Boston Char- ley and Scar-Facea Charley, the murderers of the Peace (© S| mmissioners. Still twelve men were out and the troops continued the scout, and between them and the Oregon volunteers the re- mainder were finally taken. ORDER FOR EXECUTION. General Jef. C. Davis directed that Jack and his conlederates should be executed the next day aiter capture, but while he was preparing a ligt of those he intended to execute @ courier arrived with instructions irom Washington, “Hold the risoners until further orders.” tthis time the riends of the peace policy in Washington raised the guestion whether the Modocs could be legally tried by & military commission. The point was made that General Canby was not acting 48 com- Mander of the military forces, but as Peace Commissioner, which «is the posi- tion a@ civilian, and, therefore, a milita) ommission cannot legally take cognizance olthe crime; that the killing of Captain thomas and the other oificers and soldiers should be viewed | as an act ol war being performed wile the parties Were engaged in hostilities. These objections, however, were overruled by the President, and a military commission tried the murderers and con- demned them to be hanged on the 3d oi October. CAPTAIN JACK. He ia a thorough Indian. His head Is large, quite Square and sits firmly on his shoulders; his eyes are black and bright and his face broad, with prominent cheek bones; his nose is symmetrical and slightly aquiline; his lips are thin and clean cut, and, combined with his chin, indicate that resoluteness of purpose that has won him Ai notoriety; his complexion is dark and , hi face has rather a pleasant look. Take him all in all he is astriking man. Place him among thousands and he would be taken for a chief by any observing stranger, Those who have seen him do not wonder thac he is the leader of the Modocs, Though in ins and on the brink of eternity he is yet leared and respected by the Indians about iim, Wien captured and told he was to die he said he was not afraid and had no idea of running away. As lie spoke lis eyes snapped and he looked a very lion ina rage, He states his age at thirty-six, He said the white men had mur- dered bis people years ago and that what he had done was only in payment of old debts, When aroused Captain Jack has anything but an ami- able expression of countenance. Hyjs look aud voice had a surprising effect at such times on lis followers, He was quick to resolve and ex- ecute, and he infused tato the men he commanded much oj the same character he possessed himself. Dressed in civilized costume Captain Jack might have passed for a Western farmer a good deal ex- posed to the weather. Originally Captain Jack bore an excellent character Jor iaithtul performance of his promises, He was not intrinsically bad; but feeling that he had been cheated by the whites, he made up hismind to wage war eternally rather than submit to what he deemed the swindle of being moved away to the Yinax reservation. The selection of the Lava Keds as a strongh in which to defy the whole military r of the United States was due to the genius of Captain Jack, svho shortly after the fight on Lost Kiver re- Ured there with his jollowers, and kept up that long and wearying defence which, but for the dark and bloody deed of the murder of Canby and Thomas, would have deserved to rank asa glo- rious Chapter in the annals of Modoc history, Of the * FARLY LIFE OF CAPTAIN JACK it is related that in the year 1851 he went to Canon- ville, in Oregon, to the house of Mrs. Joseph Knott. He Was one ol the Rogue River Indians and vb longed to the tribe then located on Con Creek. Mrs, Knott noticed that he appeared to be an ac- tive, keen, sirewd-looking boy, and, with the con- sent of her husband, took him to raise. With them he remained jor several years. AS soon as the boy was assured that they mitended to keep him, he m- | sisted on having a “Boston” name, as he called it, and wished to be named after the bestdooking of Mrs. Knott’s children, This bemg appreciated by the mother, she decided to name him aiter her son—their ages apparently being about the same— and this son was J. Knott, better known as Jack Knott, of saloon fame. the boys grew together, and many were the days they together in the sports of the chase. On one ow | sion, after he had veen with thet some time, he became offended because he was told to leave the room, aud loaded his rifle with the intention of shooting Levi Kuott, but was discovered in season to prevent his design. This circumstance led to his expulsion from the family, ana iroin that until the present time he has not been seen vy them, except in 1855, (ue year in which he mur- dered Mrs. Harris, aiter which Jack went to the Goose Lake Country. His mother was a full sister to Rogue River John, who attempted to seize the steamer Columbia while she lay at anchor in the haro or of Crescent city, and also a hail sister to the war chie: Sam, of the same tribe, and Chief Joe, who received his appellation from having fought General Joe Lane. SCAR-FACED CHARLEY 1s one of the most remarkably agile In the whole tribe. He is tailand weil ballt, and as supple and active a8 any gymnast. He isan wnerring shot, a wonderfully fast runner and a splendid scout. It is recorded of him that in a run of 100 yards from a company of United States soldiers, he turned six somersaults, evaded flity shots fired after him, and managed to wound four o/ his pursuers by tiring off his rifle between his legs and loadiug at ull run. BOSTON CHARLEY is about twenty-eight, and carries in his face the character of a desperado. He is an active, mus- cular Indian, with small, restless eyes, and ‘a gen- eral expression of murderous daring combined with cunning. It was he who, on the morning of the massacre, took breakiast with poor Dr, Thomas, and afterward murdered the old man with savage ferocity, friug repeatedly into his victim when the first bullet had already done the work intended. JOHN SCHONCHIN is a fine looking Indian, abont fifty-five years of age, with an Intelligent countenance, which he seldom disfigures with paint. He received a bad = gunshot wound in the first fight, which shattered his arm pretty badly, but he recovered in a wonderfully brief time and took an active part in the rest of the war, He was just as desperate as any of the younger members of the tribe, and when he shot and mutilated Mr. Meacham he was, no doubt, satisfied he had finished his victim forever. In the Sone of the tribe he ‘ranked’? next to Captain acl HAWKER J1M. < Bawker Jim is over thirty years of age, five feet nine inches in height and of stout and compact proportions. His name was celebrated in the late war as one of the leaders of the band that mur- dered the Oregon settlers on the day of the iirst fight at Lost River. He was indicted by the Oregon Grand = = Jury r murder in the first degree. The victim Hawker Jim selected for slaughter was Mr. Dyar, who, thanks to the feetness of his legs and to his presence of mind in turning round when he though his pursuer was gaining on iim and level- ling @ Derringer at him, saved himself on the day of the massacre. The foregoing constitute the five who were immediately concerned in tha massacre. Prom- inent among the other captives, however, are a | few more who have been repeatediy heard of. SHACK NASTY JIM has made his patronymic, if nothing else, con- spicuous. He is over thirty, muscular and active. le was reputed to be an expert in the use of the rifle, and asa scout had no equal. Captain Jack had great reliance in his shrewdifess and caution, and gave him several perilous missions to per- jorm, STEAMBOAT FRANK ig nota bad looking Indian, about twenty-three years of age, five feet bey Oh in stature and weigh- ing about 160 pounds. In the war he went armed with a Spencer breech-loading carabine and equip- adorned with the letters U.S. He carried @ belt full of cartridges slung over his shoulders and a revolver and knife. Frank be- longed to the Hot Creek Indians and was one of that party that Fairchild and Dorris would have taken safely to the Yinax reservation if they had not been stopped by the drunken roughs of Link- ville, Oregon, BOGUS CHARLEY, to look at, ig @ rather nice looking youth of about twenty-one years, fis looks, however, give no index of the base treachery of his nature, and, though apparentiy gulleiess as a child he ts a most cunning and bioou-thirsty Indian, He velongs to the Hot Creek tribe and speaks English tolerably weil, ONARLEY MILLER is one of the worst Indians in the tribe. He hasa repulsive face and pears an anmistakable aver. sion to the whites. Ip oneregard he was superior to his fellows, and that was tn his frankness, What he meant be both looked and said. ‘ Of the rest ander sentence are Black Jim, Barncho, alias One-Eyed Jim, and Sloluck, alias Cok Modom WALL STREET. ‘A Valuable Christian Lesson from the New York Stock Exchange. | HOW TO BEAR AND FORBEAR. Taking the Ball by the Horns. The Corn in Egypt Typically Re- ferred to America. Io TRIUNFO! Penta eal The Great Conservative Growth of Our Business People. FEEDING THE HUNGRY. The events of to-day constitute this an import- ant era in our financial history for transcending, in its great results, those dreadfml episodes of the past, known as ‘87 and '57, In the familiar lan- guage of “the boys,” we are twenty-one years old to-day, that is, we have passed from the gushing Period of adolescence, into the station of man- hood, when boyish dependence gives place to manly self-reliance, We have reached the stature of a full growth, however much may yet be leit us to mould that stature into the fulness of grace, and give ita dignity and character worthy of its birth, The important incident of the day, and which it may be said gave color to its entire his- tory, was the reopening of the Stock Exchange. It was THE GRAND CLIMACTERIC of feeling,expectation, thought, anxiety—of possible rest. Seemingly the mass crowded in there thought- lessly, curiously, expectantly, When the call wag anxiety, the President, bringing down his gavel, claimed silence. With asurging mass of brokers before him, calmed, however, by the interval which bad occnrred since its last meeting ‘rom the wild- ness that ‘‘migtt have been,” he briefly stated the new conditions under which the Exchange was opened, the reguiation in regard to settlements and other points necessarily observable in respect to dealings. The result was a quiet market, some purchases were made first by an eflervescent investment spirit, which advanced prices, but iater there was | @ reaction, an! business, as the HERALD has pre- dicted, after the flurry natural in such an event, Settled down to a quiet, conservative tone, before closing Abram B. Baylis, chairman of the Committee of Conference with the Clearing House, ascended the rostrum, nounced ‘that THE COMMITTEE ON SETTLEMENTS, which had been in session from 2:15 till 2:45 o'clock that all disputed contracts brought before them had been satisiactorliy settled. The announce- ment was greeted with loud applause. S. T. Russell, the Chairman of the Committee on Settlements, when questioned alter the closing of the Exchange, said that the committee had been positively astonished to find all dificuities settled harmoniously. Disputes which involved many knotty questions and were expected to give a great deal of trouble were among those settled to the mutual satisiac- tion of the parties. Men who were not expected todo anything and who had said that they would do nothing had come forward and. put up satisfactory security. committee had expected a great number of suspen- sious, but, a8 announced by Mr. Baylis, not asingie one had occurred. He believed that contidence was rapidly returning, During the day Vice President Wheelock read a | letter in the Stovk Exchange from tie firm of Smith & Seaver, brokers, announcing that they had made their account good, and were ready to pay all claims against them in full. Of the actual operations it may be said there was generally A WELL DISTRIBUTED BUSINESS throughout the list, but the prominent features were Western Union, Lake Shore, New York Cen- tral, Rock Island, Pacific Mail and Wabash. Amon, the investment shares Delaware, Lackawanna and 88 a 59 a 86% 283, Western Union rose from 68 to 70, declined to 61, recovered to 66% aud closed at 66 &@ 664. Lake Shore fell off trom 77 to 72%, recovered to 75%, with latest sales at 744% a 75; New York Central receded from 92 to 90, rose to 9244, and still later reacted to 91, with closing transactions at 9135 a 91% 3 Harlem sold at il4a 115 & 110 @ 1111's, Kock Island at 90 a 914; a 884 a 91 a 9044, Pacitic Mail at 35 @ 324 a 34, Erie at 51 a 52 @ 50% @ 51% a 51%, Ohio and Missis- sippl at 29%: a 30 a 283% & 2045, Pittsburg at 80 a 7934 a0, Northwest Common at 434s a 414; 443, pre- Jerred at 67 a 64 a 65, St. Paul common at 3545 a 32% a 35 a 34, preierred at 57% a 56a 59, Wabash at 46 a 435; a 45, Hannibal and St, Joseph common at 24a 25a 234 a 24, C., U. and I. CO at 2a ia 22% a 23}, and Union Pacific at2la19% a 97 _ & 19%, . ‘Ihe main feature of the day in respect to general anxiety was the foreign exchange market. Prices fluctuated extensively during the day. The leading bankers advanced their quotations step by step until the close, when the asking rates were 106 for sixty days’ sterling and 108 tor sight. Karly in the day sales were made at 10544, and afterwards up to 10644, or within % per cent of the asking price. Sight bills sold all the way from 107}; to 107%. Commercial bills were in demand at quotations aboutials per cent below bankers’ sterling. This improved condition of the foreign exchanges will start the export trade, and once more set the crops in motion. The benefit: likely to arise from the improvement in the exchanges to-day cannot be over estimated. Thus it may be said, Have we reached the end the wind up of a period of distrust that threatened dire disaster? And how? ‘ihe average news re- porter ontside of a legitimate newspaper connec- tion would picture the Stock Exchange to-day asa scene of tumult; but we wish to correct this im- pression, as follows:—The Committee of Three, appointed by the Governing Committee of the Stock Exchange to adjust differences between members under the rules adopted yesterday, met at fliteen minutes past two o'clock and adjourned before three o'clock, It was jound that nearly everything had been settled up privately, and en that there was no business for the commit- ee, : Jo Triunfo might be safely uttered by the mem- bers of the New York Stock Exciiange upon the events of yesterday. GOLD DECLINED from 11214 to 111%%, and closed at 111% a 111%. The market was moderately active, but speculation was hot attended with any special features. ‘The rates paid lor borrowing to-day were 1-64 and per cent to flat, and, for carrying, 7, 1-32 and 1-16 per cent. The final rate was 1-32 for carry- ing. FOREIGN BXCHANGE was firmer, on the basis of 106% asked for sixty days, and 108 for sight, A further withdrawal of £50,000 of bullion from the Bank of England for shipment here is reported, IN BREADSTUFFS the flour receipts were 11,740 bbls, There was a better tone to the market for all grades, though the business was not particularly active, still holders were not so anxious to realize, The de- mand for shipping stock was improving and lines of extras were inquired for to a fair extent. The bulk of the sales was of a local character and ag- Rremated 8,600 bbis., including Western shipping extras at $6 25a 36 75, State extras at $6 35 a $6 50. Wheat receipts were 473,109 bushels, The improved tone in the market which prevailed Mon- day still continues and buyers are operating quite jreely, some holders even asking a little more money, but the stock on hand is large and buyers rather have the aavantage. Sales were in good part for shipment, as the market for exchange was becter, Sales ail told were 128,000 bushels, inciud- ing car loads of No. 2 Chicago at $1 33 and full boat loads at $1 40, No, 2 Milwaukee at $1 43 @ $1 45, No. 3 spring at $1 35 @ $1 364s, and Northwest, $1 40. MON: Lag is once more in motion. Earlyin the day lenders exacted }¢ per cent per diem, but later the rate fell to 4, and at the close loans were made between the brokers at 7 per cent. Tho events of the da: are likely to unlock a large amount of money and restore to active circulation the currency with- drawn through lear last week. Greenbacks were ata premium of 2 a 3 per cent early in the day, bur large amounts came out hoards, and towards the close the premtaum was more or less nominal. PRAISR FROM COMPTROLLER KNOX F. B. Tappan, the President of the G | Western were the principal features, selling at | announced, amidst the most eager striving and | Just | The members having been called to order, he an- | reported that no new failures had occurred, and | The | | absolute and Knox, di Se act 20, proves “of the ew York Loan ardson the Fifth Avenue Hotel conference, Mr. ty thought that any action on the part of depositors in tre way of protesting against their payment with certified checks could not be taken without protesting national bank notes, and greenbacks were too plentiful to make the attempt a success, Thus have we tided over a great ble event, We do not give it the full vaiue it may perhaps ciaim to some sufferers, sur- vey of the general situation makes us regard it rather aon incident. Whichever it may be, let it pas worst ove! We have hrough a trial that hi simply pu us of some fungus accumulation, the of an undue speculative purpose, which losing sight, in times of excitement, of a substantial wandered into dangerous eventualities, The feature in the gold market, apart from its quota- Vions, was the sudden change irom a high borrow- ing rate lo a high carrying. rate. This showed thy pressure for settlements first, while the hour for clearing vavitig passed, gold became drag. ‘The scarcity of currency, notwithstanding the re- Nes to-aay, is apparent in these changes. ihe ar- rivals of gold from England, pow nearly due, will soon determine this changefu: condition. THE SUB-TREASURY. The only thing of any interest which transpired at the Sub-Treasury during the day was the paying of of the clerks of the Custom House an 8 Office. The system of paying these clerks at she Sub-Treasury, instead of at the Custom House and the Post Office respectively, is carried out ina very simple wav. Each clerk gets a check for the amount of his salary for the month, signed by the Collector if is of the Custom louse force, and by th Postmaster if he is a Post Omce attaché, This check made payable to the clerk or bearer is presented to the Sub-Treasurer’s clerks appointed to pay the men off, and each one of the check bearers gets im return an envelope containing the full amount of his salary. ‘nese envelopes, with amounts ranging from $50 up to the highest monthiy salary pee any of the employ¢s of the two establishments in question, are made out days im advance of pay aay by a sub-division of the Sub-Treasury clerks; and thus it will be seen that the paying off ts done very rapidly, thanks to the simplicity of the sys- tem adopted. THE TRUST COMPANIES. Affairs at.the Union Trust Company, such as the sting of the accounts in the ledgers and examine ug depositors’ books preparatory to the promised resumption of business, went on4n the usual hum- druin Style yesterday, There were but few callers. Mr. Scheil was on and all day personally attend. ing to the work that was bejng carried on. The Secretary of the National Trust Company stated to a HERALD reporter in. the afterneon that the company would make a statement in afew days, but on what exact day he was unable as yet to decide. “At any ra‘e,” said he, “you can rest | assured of ene thing; we intend soon to resume business, and we are now actively at work to bring | the resumption about.” THE CLEARING HOUBE ASSOCIATION, | The Loan Committee of the Clearing House As. sociation were in session ag usual yesterday, but | the applications for certificates were so tew that it | was decided upon by the committee to sit here- aiter only one hour a day. Tnat looks as though everything looks well,’’ said Mr. Camp, the man- ager, whei questioned as to what the committee | intended to do in the tuture, THE BANKS AND BANKERS. The banks went on with their business as usual, and nothing of any moment transpired at any one of them to create even a ripple of excitement among depositors or others. On the contrary, the depositors deposited their money more freely than on any day since the panic began, and the bank ofticers say that legal tenders are coming In froin the country and that confidence seemed to be generally restored, Mr. William B. Duncan, of the firm of Duncan & Sherman, who arrived from Europe yesterday, was met at his oMce by & HERALD representative during the atternoon. He declined to say any- | thing about what his views were ol the situation. | He stated, however, that when he left Europe peo- | ple over there had simply just heard of the failure of Jay Cooke & Co, and were rather in a fog as to what had brought it about. Neither he nor his fellow passengers knew anything o! the other failures and the terribie ement which had foliowed thatin financial until their arrival here. They were, he | stated, Hat 4 much astounded when they did learn oi al! that had happ@ued. As to what be thought | of the future, financially speaking, he remarked | that he saw nothing to be Irightened about, Though | he had not been at home long enough to know just | What the situation was at present he felt confident | that the outlook was not a bad one. “Individuals | may go under,” said he laughingly, “but I don’t hink @ panic of this Kind or any other kina can kill a Whole communit;.” " THE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION. | Presentation of the Plans for the Great Building in Fairmount Park—Beauty of the Designs Submitted=The Art Gallery To Be Fireproof. PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 30, 1873, The elegant rooms of the Centennial Commission, located upon Wainut street, presented a scene of great excitement all day long. The occasion was the formal presentation of the plans for consid- e ation aad one can well imagine the anxiety with Which the architects will await the developments. of the next few days. Among the ten plans this day submitted there 1s none which in point ot magnitude and grace of architecture does not sur- pass the conceptions which have already been used in the different exhibitions of the world’s history. ORIGINALITY OF THE PLANS, Our architects have taken the lessong of France, England and Austria to heart. ‘heir plans are neither copies nor reproductions. Every feature calculated to recall the ideas of their Kkuropean fraternity has been carefully abandoned, There is ‘nothing in the main building, in the wings, in the construction of the domes to remind one o! Paris in 1867 er Austria in 1873. Every one of these plans is so beautiful and so perfect thatit could be used with entire satis- faction, aud would at the same time present to the world architectuarl beauties and attainments creditable in the highest degree to the designer aug also fitting monuments to American genius and common sense. ‘The opinion tnat I yesterday entertained that, with a view to economy, the committee might select a building which would prove too temporary and dangerous ior the exhibition of the most vatu- able works oi art, at this momeatI find entirely removed, THE ART GALLERY of every plan, while being of great magnitude ana beauty, is perfectly fireproof, separate and distinct. Jrom the main structures, and in the most part formed of stone and iron. Foreigners may rest assured that they can entrust their most valuable productions to the American Exposition with perfect confidence that they will be pores in rich display and will receive periect protection. Every gallery in- corporates admirable arrangements in case of fire, stationary engines and all other fire ap- paratus being provided ior in the con- | struction of every floor, and the galleries will . be guarded day and night. All the contending architects have made tile art gal- lery an especial seature of their plans, and, though until the selection is made [ cannot describe its torm, I can nevertheless make the statement that all afford ample security and protection to @ fuller and more thoroughly organized extent than the art galleries of either the French or the Aus+ trian building. THE WORK OF THE ARCHITECTS, These plans came in one waiter anotner, drawn upon fine canvas, Which in its turn is handsomely colored and mounted, One plan is composed of twenty pieces, each one of which is handsomely framed like @ picture, and each of the frames will measure six fect in length and four im width. It #8 said that to form these pians and illuminate them in colors, the architect in one or two instances assumed an expense’ of over $200 open each. Another plan represents the interior of memorial Hall at an expense which could not have been less than $500, while the frame enclosing it ts worth $80 at least. The plans almost Mil the rooms of the Commission, and the hall outside is crowded in every part. One would readily imagine from a glance that thage were 100 plans here in- steal of ten, and Colonel Myer Arch, Assistant Secretary of the Commission, assures me that all the parts of several designs have not even yet been handed in. set bed ainets ae THE EVANGELICAL ALLIANCE, Opening of the Conference on Friday, The grand opening services of the Evangelical Alliance Conference will take place in Steinway Hail (instead of Association Hall, as previously an- nounced), on Friday morning, October 3, at ten o’clock, when the opening addresses will be deliv- ered, oiticers elected, &c. The subsequent sessions of the Conference will be held in Assoctation Hall and several church hear by, All these sessions will be open to t public. ‘the social reception will be given to the dele- [ela on Tharsday evening, October 2, in the par- ors of the Young Men's Christian Association, THE TRENTON TRAGEDY, An inquest was held in Trenton last evening om the man Harry Hall, who was killed by being vbrown from his wagon by a locomotive, at Davis’ crossing of the Pennsylvania Ratlroad, as published in yesterday’s HeRatp, Mr. Charles B. Mead, a well-known farmer, testified that he bi ht the dangerous condition of the crossing to th otion of the railroad authorities a year ago, but that he Was treated with contempt. He cited several narrow escapes that had been made there, The Tintin Na- | Ponte, ga tional Bank, of this city, produced a despatch yes- Sally approved throughout the city. jury rendered a verdict in accordance with the facts, and severely censured the railroad com- the same time calling on the Grand Jury te the case. The verdict was udiver>