The New York Herald Newspaper, July 5, 1873, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD, SATHED AY, JULY 6,- 1873. NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. seereeeWO. 186 Volume XXXVI AMUSEMENTS THS AFTERNOON AND EVENING. UNTO gz THEATRE, Union square, near Brondeny. Suse Erax Matince a2.“ between Houston tx. Matinee at 2 RS THEATRE, Broadway, ‘Bleecker streets —C WALLACK'S THEATRE, Broadway and Thirteenth atreet—Mawte BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Weppxp, Yer no Wire—ALa—Tux MILixu or New JERSKY. THBATRE COMIQUE, No, 514 Broadway.—Tax Drama ov Somnmiper. Matinee at 235. ‘WOOD'S MUSEUM, Broadway, corner Thirtieth st.— Suim Fan, Afternoon and evening. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway, between Prince and ‘Houston streets—Tnx Beats or Raw Yor«. CENTRAL PARK GARDEN.—Summen Niauts’ Con- oxets. TRERACE GARDEN THEATRE, 58th at., between Lex. fngton and 2d avs —Dxx Position von MuncuxnEna. METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART, 128 West Four- teenth st.—Cyruian anp Loan CouLactions oF Art, NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— ‘Sctemce any Ant. DR. KAHN’S MUSEUM, No. 683 Broadway.—Sciznce anv Aus. York, Saturday, New July 5, 1873. THE NEWS OF YESTERDAY. To-Day’s Contents of the Herald. “NEW LINES OF POLITICAL DEPARTURE! HOW HISTORY REPEATS ITSELF! WHAT IS THE ISSUE OF THE FUTURE ??—EDITORIAL LEADING ARTICLE—Fovrrs Paas. FREEDOM'S CROWNING GLORY! PYROTECH- NICS, FIREARMS, BROADSIDES, TRINITY CHIMES AND BLAZING BUILDINGS SIGNAL- IZING THE ANNIVERSARY OF THE NA- TION’S BIRTH! TH MILITARY PARADES AND THE SOCIAL EXCURSIONS! COUPS BY OLD SOL! POLITICAL PATRIOTISM— Sixt AND SEVENTH Paces. PHILADELPHIA'S MUNIFICENT BLOW-OUT! PRESENTING GROUND IN FAIRMOUNT PARK TO THE CENTENNIAL COMMISSION SPEECHES OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE COMMISSION, GENERAL HAWLEY, MAYOR STOKELEY AND EX-MAYOR McMICHAEL! LETTERS FROM PRESIDENT GRANT AND OTHERS—!irrn PacE. HOW THE FOURTH WAS CELEBRATED IN EU- ROPE—GENERAL NE FIFTH PAGE. GRAND INAUGURATION OF THE POPULAR TURF MEETING AT LONG BRANCH! MON. MOUTH PARK CROWDED TO WIT? FOUR SUPERBLY CONTESTED RACES! GEORGE WEST, ARTISI, KATY PEASE AND TOM BOWLING THE VICTORS—Tamp Pace, A MOST IMPORTANT RAILWAY MOVEMENT! BRITISH CAPITALISTS OFFER THE ROLL- ING STOCK FOR TEN MILES OF ROAD TO THE EMPEROR OF CHINA! SECURING A CELESTIAL RAILHOLD! THE CAPITAL HALF SUBSCRIBED AND THE REMAINDER ASSURED! A PUBLIC MEETING TO BE CALLED—FirtH Pace. PARIS MAKING GREAT PREPARATIONS FOR THE RECEPTION OF THE VISITING SHAH— THE CHOLERA IN EUROPE—Firtu Page. SPANISH OFFIUIAL ANNOUNCEMENT OF A VIC- TORY OVER THE CARLISTS UNDER S8A- BALLS! RECRUITING THE GOVERNMENT RANKS—FirTH PAGE. GENERAL BUTLER WOULD NOT TAKE THE PLEDGE! A GRAND TEMPERANCE DE- MONSTRATION IN MASSACHUSETTS !| BUT- LER EFFERVESCING! ONLY A FOURTH OF JULY SPEECH—EieuTH Pace. TROTTING AT DEERFOOT AND SECAUCUS—A CHOLERA CANARD—ALLEGED WIFE MUR- DER—FATAL SHOOTING—HIGHWAY ROB- BERY AND MURDER—Tuinp Page. FINANCIAL SITUATION! THE ENGLISH GOVERNMENT AND THE MONEY MARKET! THE REGULATION OF THE BANK OF - LAND'S ISSUES! FREE BANKING! GERMAN GOLD! SOUTHERN STATE FINANCES— THIRD PAGE. THE SEAWANHAKA CLUB REGATTA! A DASH- ING STRUGGLE, WITH THE YACHTS TRI- TON, ALERT, VIXEN AND UNDINE THE WINNERS—THE NEWBURG AND ARGO- NAUTA ROWBOAT REGATTAS—SavENTH Paok. OBITUARY NOTICES—SEconD Pace. for a British in China. {mportant Movement Railway Through a special Heratp despatch from London we learn that a private meeting has been convened at Stafford House for the purpose of promoting railway enter- prises in China—that it is in contem- plation to furnish a free gift rolling stock sufficient to equip ten miles of railway as an inducement, by a practical experiment, to the Chinese Emperor to sanc tion the construction of a network of rail- roads through his dominions, and that abundance of capital can be commanded for the work. The committee on the subject are to call a public meeting under tho auspices of the Lord Mayor of London. The importance of this scheme will be readily appreciated if considered in connec- tion with the British railway project for con- necting the Mediterrancan with the Persian Gulf by way of the Euphrates River and with railway contracts, and system of Hindostan. Taking all these grand schemes and systems System together, they simply look, first, to the control and absorption of the tmde of the whole of Asia south of the Russian Empire, and to a strong political foothold from Asiatic Turkey to India on the west, and from the Pacific Ocean to India on the east, against any grasping desigus or sup- posed hostile designs of Russia. But, whether by England or Russia, the building of exten- sive railway lines in Asia, east or west, will be for the general benefit of mankind, and so we wish success to all such enterprises, Rusera aNp Avsrru—Anoruer Imprriar Visir my Prospecr,—According to one of our latest cable despatches from Vienna His Apos- tolic Majesty Francis Joseph of Austria will visit His Imperial Majesty the Czar Alexander at St. Petersburg in December next. This is but right. The Czar Alexander has just paid his respects to the Emperor of Austria ; and | by his own presence, as well as by the presence of his escort, he has contributed not a little to the success of the Vienna Exposition. With this visit the circle of Imperial courtesies will be completed. Berlin, Vienna, St. Peters- burg, bas each in turn been duly honored. Let us hope that the friendships are as sin- cere as they seem aud that the lasting result eile bo year, - jw Lines of Political Departure— How History Repeats Itself—-What Is the Issue of the Future? In politics, as in nature, there are drifts re- sembling those which scientific men tell us mark the growth of the very earth upon which we live. Scandinavian philosophers are marking the different stages of the sea’s recession from the Swedish highlands, and will tell us how many centuries must pass be- fore the vast inland spaces, hidden by shallow lakes, are dry and fresh for the furrow. In the United States those who look at politics from a lofty point of view will note certain changes and formations. We shall in after days note by these indications the real growth of the Republic. Compared with this other considerations are vain and indifferent. What issue excites Pennsylvania or New , York, or what will result from the ambition of any man, however famous, or any party, however strong, are of little value compared with the graver questions now commanding our attention. The marked periods in American history are associated with the names of Washington, Jefferson, Jackson and Lincoln. Washington founded the Republic ; Jefferson created the party which so long represented the demo- cratic sentiment that arose out of the French Revolution ; Jackson first made the govern- ment serve the aims of party and taught our earlier politicians the fascinating and danger- ous prerogatives of the Presidential office. Lincoln destroyed the slave power, and, had he lived, would probably have finally recon- structed the Union. These are the landmarks of our history, and all political successes and experiments, the rise and fall of parties, the aims and plans of our public men, are subor- dinate to them. These men stamped their names upon their epoch. They had excep- tional power. Washington, with that extra- ordinary prescience and self-denial which make his name shine through the ages with the lustre of Aristides and Phocion, declined to use his power. No two were more apart in their character, more diverse in their purposes than Hamilton and Jefferson. Washington made them serve his purpose, which was the national security, Jefferson was not per- mitted this independence of action, and perhaps did not crave it. He was the leader of a party, and had positive radical views on political and social questions. He had lived in the flame and beauty of the early days of the French Revolution, when ‘‘liberty, ftrater- nity and equality’? were shouted in Paris strects by men not yet maddened with blood. He had a passionate, almost personal hatred ot kings. He made war upon ancestral rights, primogeniture, the aristocracy, an established church, a standing army~—all the forms and expedients by which the monarchs strength- ened their thrones. He felt that no govern- ment was greater than a people. He was the tather of Monroe doctrines—manifest desti- nies. He gave us an empire in Louisiana | and tried to open the western road to the Pa- | cific. He was an American, representing the | best ideas of the best age of France. When | he was in power his sway was absolute; when he retired his power remained. Madison as successor to himself—Monroe as successor to Madison. Even his opponents | abandoned their opposition, and we had what | historians have called “the Era of Good Feel- ing,”’ and he may be said tohave dominated American politics from the death of Washing- ton to the advent of Jackson. Whether the influence of Jackson upon our country was for good or evil has never been | determined. He made a lasting impression | upon the country and was a ruler of ever- | mastering will. He realized the saying ‘‘that degenerate courage makes one a majority.’’ | He showed the country the power which | Hamilton and Jay really concealed in the | Presidential office. In atime of peace he as- sumed prerogatives which Lincoln never as- | sumed in time of war. He made politics a | profession. With absolute convictions on all | subjects, arising more frequently from preju- | dice than reason, he used his office as he used | his pistols and his horsewhip—to remove all | opposition to his will. He taught us the | debasing custom that when a party wins power its duty is to reward its followers by pillaging the public revenues. It was then we | learned the famous political axiom that to | “the victors belong the spoils.’ Nor have we reformed this altogether, although | General Grant thinks that the country believes | he has seriously attempted to do so. That traculent, inglorious Mexican war | was one of the results of the Jackson | policy. Then came the Nebraska bill and the transactions in Kansas. Not- | withstanding these consequences the power of Jackson was as great as that of Jefferson. He named his successor. He influenced demo- cratic politics so long as there was a demo- | | cratic po He made it impossible for Clay, Calhoun or Webster, his colossal antagonists, to win the supreme fame of the Presidency. Until our civil war his name was a talisman in our politics. Nor is the spell broken. The awful events of the volcanic, tremendous | lime have not destroyed the name of Jack- son. His rugged, imperious, honest, frank nature made that mame a pleasing legend in our history. And men will honor him for his war upon a gigantic corporation like the National Bank, for his firmuess with Louis | Philippe, and his resolution in dealing with South Carolina and “nullification,’’ who for- get that he dissolved bis Cabinet because the wives of some of his Ministers would not share his views about a noted lady in the cap- ital, and was with the utmost difficulty dis- suaded from cutting off the ears of Henry Clay for criticising him in the Senate. The* party which Jackson disciplined and inspired only went down under the guns of the civil war. ‘That period we typify in the | person of Lincoln—following, as we do, the fancy men have for representing every period | by its hero. 80 Lincoln will always be the | | type of that tremendous time. He did not | | live to complete his work. Mz. Johnson’s ad- | ministration was almost a pro-slavery restora- tion ; while all the merit that General Grant can claim is the fidelity with which he has fol- lowed the dritt of Lincoln's policy. It was only as Mr. Johnson swayed from that policy | that he brought defeat and almost destruction upon himself. By General Grant's course he has carried the country. The belief which the anti-slavery fame of Greeley, Chase, Sum- ner and others could not destroy—that the overthrow of General Grant would in some way revive the rebellion—gave the President his extraordinary success He named | held the country as it never had been held by Jefferson, Jackson or Lincoln—by any one, in fact, since Washington. Mistakes in admin- istration, indiscretions in policy, scandals in sppointments and decrees, blunders and mis- apprehensions that would have seriously weakened any President, have been forgiven, because the country feels that Grant is the legitimate successor of Lincoln and means in honesty and good faith to carry out his gov- erning ideas. From these historical deductions it is, we think, safe to assume, as a cardinal principle underlying all political combinations and speculations, that the present political era is | under the control of General Grant. He is as completely master of his party as Jackson or Jefferson were masters of their party, while republicanism is even more demo- cratic than democracy in its palmiest days. He can name his successor, unless he makes up his mind to destroy his party; and we question if the act of political suicide would not be beyond the resources of his statesmanship. It is probable that this ap- parent immutability leads to the suggestion, now taking life, that he shall be again a candi- date for the Presidency. Great as General Grant has shown himself to be, and powerful as his party is undoubtedly, the suggestion seriously accepted on his part would be virtu- ally to leap from the Tarpeian Rock and leave a name in history to be remembered with the names of Burr and Arnold. We do not say this as a criticism or assault upon General Grant. We hold him in honor and kindness. But his election for a third term would be to certify to the world that republi- can institutions had failed in America. Whenever any man, however eminent or patriotic or gifted, becomes necessary to our government, then are we no longer capa- ble of self-government. The time is coming when we must consider gravely this whole question of the Presidential office. The attri- butes of the office, its prerogatives and possi- bilities, its ever-increasing power and splen- dor, the yearning of a cultivated and wealthy society for court honors and the attractions of a court life, the desire of those in office to retain power and reward, the question, in fact, whether a strong Executive does not weaken the Republic, must in time become the most important in our politics. The renomination of General Grant wowld precipitate its con- sideration, We should have a canvass of unexampled bitterness. If he were defeated his illustrious name would be stained. If he should be elected then our Republic would be as grievously wounded as when a sub- missive Senate in the Roman days permitted an imperator to assume continuous power in the person of Augustus Cesar. Whether Ceesarism is to be the next issue or not is a serious question. Much rather would we put it aside as an impossible episode. But as it is we are in a new era. Old issues are settled ; old parties have dissolved. Even the famous men of the last political generation have gone to rest, their work being done. The great men of the Lincoln period—where are they? Lincoln, Seward, Stanton, Chase, Meade, Thomas, Farragut, Lee—they have gone to sleep with the Fathers of the Repub- lic, and new men reign in their stead. Of the renowned Cabinet that decreed emancipation but two remain. But two remain, and only ten short years have passed! So swiftly do events sweep into history, leaving new and grave duties to we who remain. Tous they are as momentous as any that have gone efore. History is repeating itself in our politics ; we are in an era of change like what | we saw under Washington, Jefferson and Jackson, and if this question of Cwsarism continues to assume a menacing aspect we shall have an issue more difficult to decide and more essential in its proper determination to the national liberties than any that has gone before. The Philadelphia Centennial Exposi- tion=The President’s Proclamation. Yesterday they bad a more ‘glorious Fourth” than usual in Philadelphia, in con- sequence of the legal formalities of turning over from the State and city authorities to the National Centennial Commission the grounds for the necessary buildings for an International Industrial Exposition in said city, in the year 1876, in commemoration of the one hundredth anniversary of the inde- pendence of the United States of America. .The grounds selected for this exposition are in Fairmount Park, within the cor- porate limits of Philadelphia, and a more beautiful situation could not be desired. Under the act of Congress, approved March 3, 1871, it is provided that, whenever the Presi- dent shall have been informed by the Gov- ernor of Pennsylvania that provision has been made for the erection of suitable buildings for the purpose, and for exclusive control by the National Commission, it is made the duty of the President to make proclamation of the same, setting forth the time at which the expo- sition will be opened and the place at which it will be held, and to furnish copies of the proclamation and the regulations of the Com- missioners to the representatives of foreign countries. In compliance with the aforesaid law of Congress—the conditions laid down having been fultiiled—the proclamation of the Presi- dent on the subject is made, and was read in the course of the proceedings of this Philadel- phia meeting of national, State and municipal officials yesterday, at which Secretary Robeson represented the President. The exposition is to be opened on the 19th day of April, 1876, the day of the first conflict of arms (1775, at Lexington, Mass.), between the British and Americans in our Revolutionary War, and the exhibition is to close on the 19th day of Octo- ber (the day of the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown, Va., 1781), which secured our national independence on the broad platform of the great Philadelphia Declaration of 1776. In thus adopting the time for the opening and the closing of this centennial celebration the two important events of the beginning and the end of our revolutionary struggle are appropriately chosen, and from April to Octo- ber there will be abundance of time for all the purposes of the exposition. In the next place, as nearly three years of time are still given for the erection of appropriate buildings and all the needful preparations for the exposition, and as the National Commissioners will have the experience of all the world’s fairs of the last twenty-two years to guide them in their popular undertaking, we can hardly doubt that they will make our Niu Uae laos convene Jk wad gsm Sak jae copkanpiol colebeation a mapuiicenl f Congress has declared bylaw ‘that the United States shall not be liable forany expenses at- tending such exposition or by reason of the same.” The expenses, therefore, fall upon the States and their people. Pennsylvania being most interested in the profits of the exposition is most interested in ite success, and we pre- sume that her sister States will await some further action on her part before pro- ceeding to consider their appropriations respectively. The plan of individual sub- scriptions cannot be relied upon. The expo- sition, if possible, should be made a joint stock affair of the States and Territories, and each State and Territorial Legislature should put in its subscription in its behalf. However, as the members of the Na- tional Commission, embracing a representa- tive and an alternate from each State and Ter- ritory, have been selected with especial refer- ence to their fitness for the work in hand, they will probably prove equal to the great and im- portant task they have assumed. They have plenty of time for their work and there will be no necessity for exposition buildings cost- ing forty or fifty millions of dollars. Our Drinking Water—The Pollution of the Subterranean Supply. Among the recent accounts of cholera cases in the West one of the most suggestive is that from near Cairo, in which, it is stated, several men were fatally attacked from drink- ing impure water. _It is strange, indeed, that in a land of abundant showers and rainfall there should be any occasion for using water less potable and puro than that which distils in crystal floods from the clouds of heaven. But it is a fact beyond question that the drink- ing water of many of our thriving and popu- lous towns and villages is unfit for man or beast, It may be instructive, if not very flat- tering to the public, to look at some of the sources of pollution, which should startle every community to inquire into the character of its water supply. To go no further for an illus- tration than to our neighboring cities, we find that the analytic examination of the Ho- boken and Newark water supply, as lately presented in the able report of Professor Wurtz, shows an alarming state of things. The chemical analysis of the Passaic water, as drank by our Jersey sister cities, in Winter, discloses the presence of large quantities of nitrates, derived from the oxidation of the animal execretions and other refuse that pass into the river at Newark, Paterson and else- where from sewers, slaughter houses and other sources. ‘This water, before its arrival at Newark, allows the germination and supports the growth of green confervoid vegetation in its bosom, but the sewage from that city forms an additional contamination, which the chemist tells us may be initially represented by about four grains of putrifying matter to each gallon of water. This is the bright side of the picture, and shows what occurs in mid- winter, when the mercury is often near zero; but as the report very properly states, in the absence of any analysis of Summer water, it may safely be assumed that the midsummer heat very greatly intensifies putrefaction, while the volume of water brought down by the stream in July to attack and neutralize the fecal matter is very greatly diminished, leaving a liquid which proclaims its unsavory and unsafe conditions to the dullest olfacto- ries. But great as is this source of epidemic danger to our large cities supplied from the contigu- ous watercourses, there is another of an equally momentous nature in the use of the subterra- nean supplies of water by pumps, springs and imperfectly coated cisterns, The waters of our wells and suburban springs are clear and limpid as those of the ‘‘arrowy Rhone,” but they are impregnated with the filtrations of the soil, the leakage of the pestilential sewer and the countless defiling matters which, from filth-loaded soil in every metropolitan city as well as in every hamlet, ooze through the earth and impart their chemical constituents to the underground water. It is not ques- tioned that the soil itself, especially when sandy, is a purifying agent, but there are in every city and village many places where this purifying agency is overborne by the greater and ceaseless deposit of polluting matter. If the mouth or walls of the well are not her- metically sealed and protected, the rain wash- ings increase the sedimentary discharge into the water, and, in some places, even artesian wells, as at Tours, have ejected the remains of plants, branches, moss and other débris car- ried by previous and recent rains into the depths of the earth. Mr. Prestwick, the eminent English geologist, and President of the Geolo- gical Society of London, during his investi- gations of the London pumps and wells, and others, found that this subterranean contami- nation was a source of the utmost peril to all the surrounding neighborhoods. ‘‘Not a county, not.a district, not a valley, not the smallest tract of permeable strata,’ he says, “is free from this plague spot. Bright as the water often is, and without objectionable taste or smell, it passes without suspicion until cor- rupted beyond the possibility of concealment.” He also found that the damage in very deep wells was quite decided and perceptible, and even penetrated to the deep-seated and appar- ently inaccessible springs, having its vanish- ing point only in the lower greensands. The well or underground cistern, cut off from all aeration, which would serve to neutralize many of its polluting principles, necessarily becomes putrescent in a certain degree. The mere circumstance of the limpidity and brightness of its water or its coolness should not delude the thirsty and poor around it to drink what may prove an accumulative poison. Even when the river water in our hydrants is discol- ored by mud it is better than the most pellucid and coolest well water. The water of the Chi- nese river Yangtsze, like that of almost all turbid streams, is a safe drinking water, as the depositing of the detritus mechanically pre- cipitates other impurities, while the clear water in the gorges of the Upper Stream produce goitre. So that, in no season of the year, where a good water supply from the river can be maintained, ought subter- farean water to be used, unless for manu- facturing purposes. Many. of our most popular and crowded soda fountains boast of using spring water, which, when not brought from great distances beyond towns, is doubtless a fertile source of derange- ment of the public health, and should be abolished by municipal law. There can be no doubt that if this subject was properly put “The Glorious Fourth.” Independence Day was duly and patrioti- cally celebrated aceording to programme, fortunately with leas than the usual offsets of casualties to mar the joy of its explosive memories. Salvos of artillery saluted the sunrise on the Birthday of Freedom. As the Star-Spangled Banner rose to its place at the top of a thousand flagstaffs it was grected by as bright a sun as ever shone upon a July morning, and through the day the weather was most propitious—clear, or at times slightly clouded—and though het yet tempered bya soft breeze welcome te all, and especially so to the citizen soldiery, whose early parade and review by the Mayor at Union square was one of the finest features of the public celebration, Of course, from the first tint of dawn far into the night, Young America burned gunpowder in many forms, more or less safe and noisy, and with the net result of com- paratively few serious consequences. Several of our churches joined in the general expres- sion of patriotic joy by glad peals of chiming bells and by extraordinary religious exercises, The grand races at Long Branch, with the at- tendant pleasures of a charming sail down the Bay, took thousands of our citizens from their homes early in the day, and brought them back at even- ing tired with the pleasurable excitement. Various yacht races and rowing matches en- gaged the attention of the lovers of water sports, while many others enjoyed excursions on the rivers, Sound and Bay. The national game of base ball was duly honored by a splendid match at the Union Grounds, where some eight thousand people witnessed the sport. Central Park was the happy scene of quiet recreation for vast throngs of those who rarely on a week day take the time to breathe the fresh air and smell the sweetness of vege- tation. There, too, music lent her charms to the day, while the artistic beauty of the new fountain threw its graceful jets in honor of the national holiday. ll the other city parks had their full complements of visitors, dressed in their best, and willing to please and be pleased. Many city workers being released for a three days’ vacation there has been a large outflow of our people, with their wives and babies, into the surrounding country by the railroads and steamers. At noon the forts in and about the harbor ° shook the earth with the thunderous rever- berations of their national salute, and hinted at their capacity for annoyance and destruc- tion should ever our city be visited bya hostile fleet. Tammany Society held its customary council in the grand Wigwam, listened to big talks and short talks trom sapient Sachems, and virtuously smoked the pipe of peace while a chief read the Declara- tion of Independence. At the institutions on the islands the Commissioners of Charities and Correction did their best to allow even our paupers and criminals to join in the relaxations of the national birthday. Fire- works of every hue, in many shapes and of various formations, became in order as soon as the daylight faded. In every direction—from the various parks and public squares of the city ; from private residences ; from Brooklyn, Staten Island, Jersey City, Hoboken ; from the vessels in both rivers, from a thousand points—ascended bright lines of red, blue, green and yellow fire, singly, in clusters, or bursting into a shower of bril- liancy. In all forms which pyrotechny has devised to please the eye these blazing meteors shot into the sky in wondrous and magic beauty. These were for the delight of all who, from the sidewalks, from windows or roofs, looked out on the glorified night. But for the acrés of spectators who crowded about the exhibition stands there were still grander triumphs of the art whose materials are fire and motion. These displays were never more perfect than last night, and they were most heartily applauded by those who were fortu- nate enough to see them. Fatigue is sure to follow hearty pleasure. Probably more people went to bed in New York thoroughly tired last night than on any other night ina month. The day had been most thoroughly accepted as a holiday. It did not pass harmlessly; but, so far as New York and its immediate environs are con- cerned, no great or general calamity dettacted seriously from its pleasures. There were limbs lost by unskilful or careless use of gun- powder—perhaps even fatal results therefrom— but they were single and uncommon. Asa community we celebrated gladly, . heartily, honestly, patriotically, in our several wiys, according to our ages; and we are already looking forward, anticipating the glad repe- tition, next year, of the noisy, smoky, sense- less, happy antics of yesterday. Our nation has a birthday, and we are glad and proud of it. The Suite of the Shah. Americans have, no doubt, wondered at the delirium of happy excitement which is shown by our English cousins over the visit of the Persian Monarch. ‘True to our nature, we have guessed at its cause, and given it up as an unanswered conundrum, At last we have the riddle solved. It is not the glitter of the Oriental’s diamond star, as big as Mark Twain's hand; not the fact that an ancestor's sword, eighty years ago, won the sceptre over the Persian fire worshippers and disciples of Mohammed, and lodged himself and his sons in the throne filled long ago by Xerxes, by Cyrus and by Darius, so that the august visi- tor from the East may write himself King of Kings; not his absolute sovereignty and practical ownership of his ten million sub- jects, as well as their lands, their flocks and their herds; not even the loveliness of his three hundred and fifty-two wives left at home in distant Teheran. None of these things, though of themselves sufficiently capable of inspiring admiration and satisfaction, com- pare with the magnificence of the list of royal and distinguished personages who accompany His Majesty the Shah, and reflect glory upon the Western barbarians by their presence. A careful perusal of the high-sounding names, which are given in another part of to-day’s Heratp, is about the only satisfaction America before the public it would be o most valuable | can extract from this momentous state visit, ashould pales) to, Sond Gi 0 eB as REN salgzuard, Alorenshe Wer who spires to the highest happiness attain able, without seeing with one’s eyes the King: of Kings, should cut out the list and read it: aloud as an accompaniment of each meal Having also read the Hznaup's account of the: august proceedings (which took place im June), a8 told by Mark Twain and Edmund Yates, they need never lack enjoyment in the memory of the Shah’s entertainment by the British. PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE. Ex-President Johnson has just escaped an attack of cholera. The Schouler monument tn Boston has been con- tracted for. That ts a good step towards its completion. ‘W.S, Robinson, late “Warrington,’?of the Spring- fleld Republican, succeeds Mr. Ballou as editor-in- chiet of the Boston Globe. Governor Washburn, of Wisconsin, gave a bril- lant reception to Mr. and Mrs. Ole Bull, a8 a fare- well party, prior to their departure for Norway from Madison, Wis. The Boston Transcript regrets that Boston, which has Crawford's Beethoven and Ball’s Washington, should have no better specimen of the work of Hiram Powers than his statue of Webster. Dr. A. P. Longstreet, of Effingham county, Georgia, one of the most prominent and successful Planters in the State, died recently. He was @ relative of the author of “Georgia Scenes.” Young Wo, Sam Yup, Ling Yung. Hop Wo, Yang Wo and Cun Chow, having emigrated from the Oe- lestial Empire, are now doing an extensive laundry business in Chicago, The numerous washerwomem im that city are highly ind:gnant, Ignatius Donnelly, ex-member of Congress from Minnesota, is trying to fool the Western farmers into sending nim back to the House of Representa- tives, He wears a mickory shirt, biue denim over- alls and plantation shoes without stockings. Congressman John Hancock, who took his back pay, justifies the act on the ground that a Represen- tative ought to have at least ten thousand a year te live decently in Washington. And the namesake of the immortal signer of the Declaration of Inde- pendence is more than half right. Rev. T. De Witt Talmage has aecepted a call te take charge of the editorial department of TAs Christian at Work, a religious journal of New York. He will enter upon his duties as editor about the middle of August, on his revurn from his trip to Colorado, whither he will proceed next ‘week. General John C. Breckinridge’s letter announcing his inability to be present at the laying of the cor- ner stone of the magnificent Masonic Temple of Memphis, was deposited in the corner stone, to be exhumed, according to the Louisville Courier-Jour- nal, a thousand years hence by the children ofa new world. There is an amount of pathos in this little news paragraph from a Western paper, that could not be forced into a romance:—“At present she is serving out a heavy fine at the workhouse, and, when not at work, stands near the door of the room where the drugs and medicines are kept, begging and pleading with the clerk to give her morphine—morpbine};'a drug for which she is will- ing to sacrifice all ner happiness in this world, and her hope in the lifeto come. The once bright eyed, rosy cheeked country girl has become a miserable, wretched creature.” WASHINGTON. WASHINGTON, July 4, 1873. The Howard University. The Committee of the Board of Trustees of the Howard University appointed last week to prepare a reply to the statements lately publisned regard- ing its financial condition and the voting of $11,000 to General Howard as back pay for services as President, met to-day with the Board to submita drait of a report, and it is undefstood that this will be given to the public on Sunday by Hon. EK. P. Smith, Commissioner of Indian Affairs, who ts one of the most active members of the Board. This is the third meeting for the consideration of the finances of this institution. A meeting was held a jew weeks since to arrange a plan for obtaining money to endow the University. The resolution calling on the trustees jor @ full financial statement waa voted down. One member of the Board said that if the resolution was passed it would simply serve to attract attention to things not best to scru- tinize. A prominent professor said that after care- ful inspection ef the treasurer’s books he could say that there were transactions recorded which, if published, would forever prevent the Howard Uni- versity from obtaining a dollar of endowment. These statements were followed by a discussion which brought to light the main features ef a great Teal estate speculation, of which the Secretary of tne Board of Trustees and also a late professor of the University, are chief managers, Tne operation ‘was denounced as one of those by which the present financial troubles had been brought about. It seems that early in the present year Professor Barber, who was acting President during General Howard's absence in Arizona, pre- vailed upon the Committee oi Trustees, one being a Commissioner of Indian Affairs, to recommend the sale to him of twenty acres of University grounda nearest the city for purposes of speculation, The statement was made in this meeting that the trus- tees had sold Barber this property for $135,000, four small houses to be taken by the University im part payment at $20,000, and for the rest a note for $115,000, bearing seven per cent, and running ten years without the payment of any por- tion of it till the end of tnat time. The sale was made ostensibly for the purpose of taking up a debt of $85,000 at tne Freedmens® Bank, bearing ten per cent, and for which about thirty-two acres of the University property ia mortgaged. No clear explanation of this transac- tion was made and the subject was passed over. The speculation thus partially exposed has been largely advertised in the city papers under the name of “Le Droit Park,” in which lots have been selling since Spring. it has not heretotore been known, however, a8 & Howard University opera- tion. At the second meeting held to consider tha late publications regarding finances and back payja resolution was offered and carried at the opening of the meeting that the President should proceed to ask each member of the Board whether he was in any manner responsible jor the publicity given to transactions of the Board. After the Board had satisfied itself who had farnished transcripts from the records, and Commissioner Smith had in- formed them that he was ashamed to be a member of the same Board with a man who conid give out such information, the Board proceeded to appoint acommittee to prepare such a defence as cireum- stances seem to require. It ix not believed that any defence will be attempted of the Le Droit Park #peculation or of several sales to officers and protessors of the University. THE GLORIOUS FOURTH AT HALIFAX. HAuiPrax, Nova Scotia, July 4, 1873. ‘The number of American flags displayed to-day throughout the city sufficiently indicate that this is the glorious Fourth, The American ensign was conspicuously displayed, not only from the American Consulate, but irom the Consul’s residence, where Judge Jackson, the Con- sul of the United States, and his lady re- ceived large number of visitors. Among them were Sir William Young, Hon. William Annand, President of the Executive Council, Hou. Mr, Tobin, of the Canadian House of Commons; Attorney Gen- eral Smith and Commissioner Fiynn, oi the Pro- vincial government; the Mayor of the city, the members of tne City Council and other prominent citizens. At Prospect, about twenty-one miies from Halifax, the day is being duly observed by the New York Wrecking Vompany, and quite a number of their friends from the city are in attendance participating in the celebration. RESCUING A PRISONER. While Officer Wilson, of the Twenty-first pre cinct, was conveying William Quigley to the sta- tion house yesterday he was set upon vy aerowd of roughs, who had followed him through/Thirty. sixth street. Some other policemen goltuy to the assistance of Officer Wilson, the crowd was dis- persed, They then retreated to the teneanent house opposite and hurled stones and bricks at the om- cers from the windows. A squad of men was then sent irom station house, and the gang waa driven away. As they retreated down the street the police suceeded in arresting eigh,os Wha tings,