The New York Herald Newspaper, May 31, 1873, Page 4

4 THE COMING POPE. An Italian View of the Next Papal Election. The Chances of Foreign and Italian Candidates. Poor Prospects of the French and Spanish Cardinals. Cullen, Schwarzenberg and Rauscher the Eligible Foreign Candidates, PANEBIANCO---ANTONELLI The Tendency of the Italian Vote. Rome, May 2, 1873. Professor Bonght Ruggiero, a member of the {talian Parliament and Protessor of Aneient and Modern Mistory at the Roman University, has just published in the monthly review, the Nuova Anto- togia, of which he is editor, along and very inter- esting essay on the probable candidates for the Papacy. Professor Bonghi is, we should preface, also the director of the Perseveranza, of Milan, which is, perhaps, the best newspaper pfblished in (taiy He is the author of severai literary, his- torical works. In short, he 1s considered one of the most distinguished members o/ the representa- tive body, and one of the most thoreugh and ac- complished writers of his country. Bearing this in mind, his words have more than ordinary import- ance, though he himself would not have his readers attach an undue value to his view-, He says:— The cardinals are, if I am not mistaken, only forty-five—that is to say, twenty-six less than the complete number (seventy-two). li does not seem probable that Pius 1X. has any intention of creating new ones before his aeath, although many pressing invitations te do so have been made. The only good reason we see for this course lies in the fact that Pope Pius IX., having some idea who should be his successor, for the greatest good of the Church, as he understands it, fears that by increasing the number of electors the election of the chosen candidate may only be made more difficult aud uncertain. FOREIGN CARDINALS. Of the forty-five cardinais only eleven are for- gigners—namely, Cardinals Pitra, Mathieu, Donnet, De Bonnechose are #rench; Cardinal Cullen, trish; Cardinal Hohenlohe, German ‘Bavaria) ; Cardinals Schwarzenberg and auscher, Austuian; Cardinals Garcia-Cuesta, De la Lastra y Cuesta, Moreno, Spanish (the fourth, Brea Cirillo, Archbishop of Toledo, died very recently). ‘The French Cardinal Billiet died at Chambéry on the Ist of May. It is three centuries since & foreigner ascended the Papal throne, It must be admitted that with the fail of the temporat power one of the principal causes of the exclusion of non-Italians has disap- peared, the Pontiff being no longer the sovereign of an Italian people. Nevertheless, it would be a most ditficult thing to get a foreigner elected, It cannot be a Gerinan without displeasing France, which country is perhaps the principal support of the Catholic Church, and, besides, the only cardinal of tts nation (Hobeniohe) is noi fitted for the place, being too young and not distinguished for any — merit or intellectual capacity, Nor can the Pope be a Frenchman witheut endangering Catholicism in Germany; nor, indeed, do the French cardinals seem to enjoy suficient esteem im the Sacred College to be entrusted with the guidance of the Church, and the unsettled condi- tion of their own country gives good reason for fear that the [ely See, confided to the hands of @ French Pope, would find the dificulties surround- ing the Church rather increased than diminisned. THE SPANISN AND AUSTRIAN CARDINALS. Itis useless to speak at length of the Spanish Cardinals, who are, for the most part, perfectly unknown to the majority of their colleagues, and whom the anarchy and weakness of ae native country would deprive of every credit id favor, no matter what their personal merit may be. Not 80, however, with the Irish and Austrian cardinals, Cullen, Schwarzenberg and Rauscher, These car- dinals would enjoy the good will of the College for various reasons, The first and third named for their learning, the second for his social position, the great influence that he wields at tue Austrian Court and for Lis own persona! character. But these three cardinals do not belong to the same arty in the Sacred College, and, before stating the jt reason which would exclude them from elec- tion, let us say something of the presumable, DIVISION OF OPINION IN THE SACRED COLLEGE. There las always been a difference of opinion in the College. But we no longer live in times when the cardinals—creatures of one Pope—could ar- range themselves against the cardinals—creatures | of another—both parties bein; nephews of either Pope. There are still in the College illustrious names of Roman or Italian tamilies—a Patrizi, a Riario (Sforza), & Borromeo, a Caraffa; but there have, perhaps, never been a Jess number than now, and more espeeially of Romans. With the exception of the second named, these cardinals do not enjoy any great reputation, and could aardly aspire; to supreme power. Nor do these names bear any longer the significance 01 former times, and they cannot carry strong parties along with them. They neither exercise influence nor determine adherence. No prince, great or small, cares about them—not even in Rome itself does any one of them enjoy special popular favor. MEN OF GREAT LEARNING never had any great success in the College. As is generally th ase inanassembly of men of expe- rience, learning is in many cases looked upon rather asan obstacle. The cardinal who is, per haps, more celebrated for his learning than the Test, 18 Piira (France), but he is considered as good for nothing but his studies. He does not care for the candic and no one else cares to try him. Not so of Cardinal Kauscher (Austria], who, with his scholarship, has always taken a lively interest in all the political and eccelesiastical questions of the day, Cardinal Grassellim (Italy) has written works of some importance, but now is no longer in & condition to write or read them, and Cardinal Morichini, Archbishop of Kologna, is one of the most esteemed members of the College. I do not Know of other scholars among the cardinals, If there be any, their fame 1s certainly not very great. PANEBIANCO. The monks are not wanting, but they are not numerous. Besides Pitra a Benedictine, there is the Minorite Panebianco, who is the true type of a cardinal-monk. He speaks little, and it is dificult to penetrate his thoughts, He is harsh to himself and to others; rigid in the observance of doctrine and practice of religion; learned in ecclesiastical matters; full of the church idea and of the suprem- acy of the Church in the affairs of the world. He is Sixty years of age, which is not considered old for a@monk. Another is a regular priest, Bilio, a Barna- bite. He took a great partin the Vatican Council, of which he was one of the Presidents aud one of the sourest. He was employed in the preparation of the Syliabus and the projects to be discussed by the Council. To separate the parties in the College we shall have to divide the members into two classes—those who adhere to the policy hitherto followed by Pius IX., and those who are averse to it. Pius IX. has certainly made great innovations in the principles of government foliowed by his predecessors, While they thought weli to retain, he has moved; what they thought well to conceal as with a veil, he has thought better to uncover and to force it on the world. And in this loading the Church with mew dogmas he has, as we have seen, brought trouble to the ecclesiastical structure: though he has, on the other hand, enlarged the influence of Catholi- cism where to all appearnces it seemed dead. Now, there are some Cardinals who believe that Pius IX, has done right, and has Jabored enly in the interest of the Church, and that it is necessary for the new Pope to follow in the footsteps of the present Pon- tim. There are others, on the contrary, who think that Pius IX. has been following a wrong cotfrse ; they would have preferred no changes, and believe that so venerable an institution as Catholicism should not be too much shaken or agitated, but be touched with extreme care and delicacy, even When it is necessary to improve or invigorate it. CARDINALS, SAINTS AND POLITICIANS. I remember that Cardinal Pallavicini made a dis- tinction among cardinals, dividing them into saints and politicians, and declared that the Church had never been jeopardized except when rene by @ Pope of the former class, The car- inals, It may now be suid, are divided into two classes—the one accepting this principle laid down by one of their most illustrious predecessors, and the other rejecting it. To the first (the saintly tendency) belong, among the Italians, Patrizi, Barnabo, Panebianco, Bizzarri, Sforza, and among foreigners, Cullen. To the second, perhaps, among the Italians, Sacconi, De Angelis, Vanicelli, Asquini, Carafa, Morichini, Pesci, Antonucci, Milesi, Trevisanto, De Luca, Guidi, Mona Valletta, Consolini, and ameng the to Schwarzenberg, Mathieu, Donnet, Rauscher, Garcia-Cuesta, De la Lastra, De ‘Bonnechose, Hohenlohe, Moreno. CARDINAL ANTONELLI must be left entirely out of consideration. His tong and unhappy misrule of the Court of Rome de- rives him of every hope if he ever had aay, Upon im rest ali the misfortunes that have befallen the guided by cardinal- Pontificate since 1548; but none of the love and sympathy which the nature of Pius IX. has in- apired. More tolerated than loved by his sovereign. fhe is not liked by his colleagues, and would not be tolerated as Pope. Of a keen intellect, though nar- row in range, he has seen all his artifices and com- binations go off into smoke. He has no reputation NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, MAY 31, 1873—TRIPLE for sanctity of life; of Roman charactor, Be is able to appreciate the political side of a question than the retigious. He should be & conciliatory ruler, but his long management of the affairs of the present Pontificate makes him just the most untit to acquire the confidence of his colleagues and to change the policy hitherto pursued by the Papal government. It does not appear (hat lis influence in tne conclave will be very great. THE BLIOIBLE FORBIGN OANDIDATES. Of the other Cardinals, the state of their respec- tive countries exclude some—there remaining only three, Cullen, of Ireland, and Sehwarzenberg and Rauscher of Austria, who have the characteristics quatifying them for etection. Others are excluded on account of their age; some are too old, like De Angelis, seventy-nine yéars of age, who is one of the most esteemed men in the College, not only for the qualities of his mind, but also ior his moderate views and conciliatory spirit; or too young, like Cardinal Bilio, who jorty-five, and Cardinal Monaco La Vailette, one of the vest of men, for the purity of his life, tor his learning and for the moder- ation of his opinions, but he is oniy forty-four years of age. Others are excluded on account of ‘their age or the little esteem they enjoy among their col- leagues: like Cardinal Borromeo, iorty-niue; others for the little credtt they ratig nd their naines, lke Cardinal Bonaparte, who is forty-three. The Mental capacity of others is an*insurmountable ob- stacle to the election, as Cardinals Milesi and Praa- selini, Patrizi and Carapa, being excluded for a lack of intellect, Cardinals Caterini, Bizzarri, Barnabo, Arnat, Di Sorso, Asquini, Vanniceld are likely to be excluded on account of bad health, Cardinals Sil- vestri and Mertel are likely to be excluded for the courseness of their manners, want of judgment and lack of experience in the affairs of the world; Car- dinal di Pietro will be considered too liberal, and Cardinal Ferrieri a3 lacking ¢ JeCeBSi ELIGIBLE ITALIAN CANDIDATES. It isseen that the choice is very much reduced, Among the Cardinals disposed to follow in the foot- Steps of tne present Pontitt—i. ¢,, disposed to exag- gerate ecclesiastical doctrines and to dety the legal authorities, are Cardinals Panebianco, Cullen and Capaiti, the second aud violent President of the Vatican Council. Ameng the Cardinals inclined to halt and look around to see where they are stand- ing and seek to bring the ship of the Church into smooth water; in short, a Pius VII, rather than a Pius V., are Cardinals Sacceni, Schwarzenberg, Morichini, Pecci, Rauscher, Antonucci, ‘Trevi- sanato, De Luca, Guidi, Berardi, Cons. lini, Among the Cardinals considered more advanced than the College, and disposed to be liberal, Barile. I have not named CARDINAL SFORZA, and yet I placed him in the first category and I find ne special reason to exclude him from the election. He also seems to have speeial, favorable conditions—of a noble family, of ordinary intell little learning and enjoyimg the entire confidence of the party which now. prevails at the Roman Court. He has nothing to say as to the system and doctrines prevailing there, and does not depart from them. He accepts the Sylla- bus, the infaliibility, Nevertheless there is some- thing practical in his conduct that prevents him from becoming an enthusiast, and he may be ac- ceptable to his own party and to the party of moderation, He has likewise arrived in some de- Rree to understand the present condition of Italy. He distinguishes what in his eyes is desirable and the possibility in the reality of things. Persuaded, for example, that—right or wrong, as the case may be—it is impossible to drive the Italian government from Rome, he endeavored that the priests should not be expelled trom the schools o1 the municipality of Naples, and by his onal influence, good sense and modesty he succeeded, He seems in- clined to adopt a system of action—to which the 4 ‘al party itself is constantly approaching—of itting or adapting himselfto the new political aspect of things in Italy, in order to save the prin- cipal parts of the religious edifice, It is possible that other cardinals entertain the same views, but they have not as yet had the courage to express them openly, THE FOREIGN VOTE. If the number of cardinals be not increased be- fore the death of Pius 1X. it will require, to make up the two-thirds vote, thirty-one voices to elect the new Pontiff, All the foreign cardinals, with the exception of Cardinal Cullen rade Incline to the view that it were prudent for the Holy See to moderate the actual tendencies of the present gov- ernment. There may be, indeed, beyond the Alps, those who approve it, besides the Irish Cardinal; but it does not appear that this class who approve itin France, Germany and Spain are represented in the College, The number, both of laymen and clergy,who wish to push things to extreme, is more humerous beyond the Alps than in Italy; but this will have no influence in the College. During the Vatican Council nearly all the foreign bishops and cardinals were opposed to the extreme nature of the fesolutions there passed, such as the absolute supremacy of the Pope; and when they found that they were unable to oppose them successfully they tried to modify them as much as was in their power. If they afterwards yielded, in deference to the authority of the Church, they have been taught by the events of the past two years that the ad- Vice they then offered was prudent. We can then assume, with certainty, that these foreign cardinals will be inciined to elect a Pope of moderate, conciliatory aud discreet sentiments— one who would cast water rather than oll on tue tire that the present Pontiff leaves burning. Their number, excepting Cardinal €ullen, is ten, and never had greater probability than gow of being present, since it will be the first conclave held with Europe covered with railroads, Their vote will have no little weight. It will not be a vote dic- tated by governments, but by the conscience ofthe individual. The times do not permit that any one should giory in the name of Cardinal of the Crown. Tn the eyes of the cardinals themselves the moral and religious conditions of their respective gov- ernments is not such as to justify them in being the bearers of royal vetos. The very governments which have the ancient and recognized right thereto—Spain, Austria and France—would avoid making use of their rights under existing circum- svance: Yet I am inclined to the view that the foreign cardinals will vote fora pontiff whe shall at least be acceptable to their government—a pon- til who will not further exasperate, but will en- endeavor to remove the religious dissensions of nations, THE ITALIAN VOTE. Now, the foreign cardinals, with a smali number of Italians, would be suiticient te exclude Cardinal Cullen not only, but the two others of the ultra party—Panebianco and Capalti—so that there | does not seem any probability of these individuals being elected. But, in order to gét nearer to the probable result, itis necessary to study the views entertained by the majority of the Italian cardi- nals, upon whom, after all, the election will de- pend. it is necessary to observe that it isa char- | acteristic trait of the Italian nation to compro- mise. The majority of the cardinals will prefer to | pause, in order to study the times, to study the igns and indications. Free from every connec- ton with the Itahan government—since it would have no other infduence upon them than to make them reject any cardinal suspected of being favor- abie to yet they see and ieei that the new Pope must either quit or live in Rome, where he can no longer be considered as a temporal sovereign; and everything goes to prove that to remove the seat of the Papacy to @ foreign land would be much more inconvenient and dangerous than to remain in Italy, and that, though it would be a very easy thing to depart from Rome, it might be very diffi- cult to return thither, The majority of Italian cardinals will have, there- fore, two objects in view which they will endeavor to obtain, They will desire to have a Pope who will not recede from the doctrinal position assumed by the Church at the last Council, since retrogres- sion would bring discredit on the erable ecclesi- astical edifice; but, on the other hand, they would desire a Pope who would not go further than the last one has done—oue who should have wisdom enough to prevent him from taking false steps in the future. As a natural reaction following au an- fortunate Pontificate, they would endeavor to avoid enthusiasm and to remove from the suc- cessor all those influences which have proved dis- advantageous to the predecessor. It seems prob- able, therefore, that the ig hs of Italian cardi- nals will not dissent from ie foreigners in the character of the person to be elected. It would be dificult for Italians to resolve on the election of a foreign Pope. If they should decide to do so the choice would be BETWEEN SCHWARZENBERG AND RAUSCHER. Their nationality is in their favor. Austria, | driven out of Italy and of Germany by the war of 1866, has become, from the most hated Power that | she was the one most liked; the one esteemed alike .| by France and Sere, and On most excellent terms with Italy. Pins IX. leaves the affairs of the Church in @ very wnpromising state in Germany, and an Austrian Pope would be betier qualified than any one else to bring order out of chaos there. The two Austrian Cardinais stand very high in the cateem of the College. They have none above them in the qualities capagitating them for the Papal chair. Their conduct during the Council was as decided and dignified befere the passing dogma ey as it was prudent and manilike after once the decision had been mac are well acquainted with political life from a long intercourse with the governments, and each wieias a great and notable influence, These are reasons to which no slight importance should be attached, ott will be taken into due consideration by the College. Yee fear these reasons will not prevail. The two Austrian cardinals are exactly those with whom it is probable that their government may exert an influence. Besides, the Austrian govern- ment itself could discover many causes of embar- rassment arising to it through ‘@ pontiif of its own nation. Yet, after all, the Italian bishops bel that the traditions of the Roman Court, w they are net ready te renounce, will be better p: served by an Italian than by one who, a stranger, cannet 80 well appreciate them, The memory of the last foreign Pope, though distant, has remained pain- ful to this day. Besides the cardinals themselves, we may be sure that all persons connected with the Curia lower in rank than the cardinals themselves, yet whe ina variety of ways can exert an influence on the College, would be still more opposed to a Joreiguer than the cardinals themselves. It seems likely, then, that the Papacy will remain | the inheritance of the Itallans. Among those who seem more likely than the rest to obtain the coveted honor are Cardinal Sforza, the most mod- erate among the zealons, and Cardinals Pecct, Tre- visanato, De Luca, Guidi, Saccont and Barilé, are ihe most esteemed among the moderate, Yet in the case of the three last we must take into ac- count the possibility that the zealous may succeed in excluding thein; the first named (Guidi) bein disliked for the part he took against the dogma ol infallibility; the second, and, more especially the latter, suspected of being inclined to ‘yield too much to the Jesuits, as has been the case with Pius IX, Kuch of the other five seems fit to receive the votes of those Cardinals Who desire that the next Pontid shall be observing. ter | \s moderate and conciliatory. The one who will be triumphant is he who, trusting more the party of ‘he zealous wil (rizhten lesa the moderate. As to the part the Italian government will tuke, it is a8 aasy as it is clear—to lataser fatre, vo wait, and to respect the feit aceompli. Deputy Bungini, there- tore, places Siorza, Pecci, Trevisanato and De Luca as the most eligible candidates for the Papal Throne in case of the death of the present occu pant. There is ap old Roman proverb which says. “He that enters ¢\¢ Volioge as Pope returns from it as Cardinal.” And this proverb must be kept in mind in all specule ens concermug the candidaies for the Papacy. Malian Politics and the Pope’s Recovery> ' Rome, May 2, 1873. The Lanza Ministry, which has been in a totter- ing condition for some time, haa just come toa sudden downfall. Everybody anticipated that the Religious Corporations bill would prove an insaper able stumbiing block to the Capinet which has held the reins of government in Italy for the last four years, but nobody supposed that it was going to be extinguished by so comparatively an unimportant question as that of the immediate construction of a maritime arsenal at Taranto, Hence arises the suspicion that the Lanza Ministry bas willingly availed itseif of the first majority of the House against its own views to throw up that power which it foresaw could not survive the perplexing question of the religious corporations. The Pope's malady has rendered that question more delicate than ever. ‘To be harassing the last moments of the expiring Pontiff by the suppression of his spiritual staf would have exposed ministers to the indignant outeries of the clerical party, who would not have failed to compare them to the donkey in the fable, scornfully kicking the aged and dying lion, and itis certain that they would have proposed a postponement of the discussion of that question in Parliament if His Holiness’ ulness had continued. Fortunately Pius IX. feels so much better that, as I informed you by telegraph, he was able to take air and exercise so far back as last Sunday, when, on returning from the Vatican gar- den, he RECEIVED THE CONGRATULATIONS of the French Ambassador, and tola His Excel- lency that he hoped to witness the celebration of his episcopal jubilee with as much solemnity as his sacerdotal one, which was commemorated in 1869, with all the pomp and splendor tor which the Pon- tiflcial Court was then celebrated, and the re- newal of which would seem to imply a restoration of the Pope’s temporal power. Pius 1X. was consecrated Bishop on Pentecost Day, 1827, by Cardinal Castighone, and appointed to the Archiepiscopal See of Spoleto by Pope Lee XII. Cardinal Castiglione became Pope two years later, and assumed the title of Pius VII. We shall, therefore, expect to see Pio Nono’s hopeful prediction verifled in 1877, the fiftieth anni- versary of his episcopal consecration, That His Holiness continues to improve -in health and spirits is evident trom the intention he has manifested to receive the French, Belgian and other distinguished pilgrims, now en roule for Rome, on Monday morning, the festival of his sainted predecessor, Pius V., when he will say mass for them, administer the Holy Sacrament to each of them and conclude with @ general address, To promise so much shows that His Holiness feels quite up to the mark. The ap Bice will have & second audience, it is expected, on the 13th of May to congratulate the Ponti on the commencement of his eighty-second year. THE MINISTERIAL ORISTS. To return to the ministerial crisis—the cause, as I have said, was that the House voted for the construction of a naval arsenal at ‘Taranto, in ten years, at @ calculated expense of 23,000,000 lire, according to the project of Major Prato. doubt Taranto occupies a magnificent situation, well calculated for the defence of Southern Italy, but Signor Sella, who handles the pubiic funds and knows how difficult it is to provide money for every scheme, deciared that he could only authorize the use of 6,500,000 lire for the proposay works at Taranto, a sum deemed by the House in- suficient for any useful improvement. This was on the 30th cre Yesterday the Prime Minister announced that in consequence of the contrary vote he and his colleagnes had offered their resig- nations to the King, whose resolution in conse- uence would be taken in three days. He, there- fore, invited the Wouse te adjourn until Monday, the 5th instant, when His Majesty’s determination with respect to the new Cabinet would be officially communicated, Meanwhile let us take a glance at the different candidates for the Italian premiership. It is natural to turn, first of all, to the head of the opposition, Signor Urbano Rattazzi, who seems to be the only candidate whom the members of the Left have to put forward. $ Unfortunately Signor Rattazzi has already been Prime Minister three times, and each time he was im Office some signal disaster befel Italy, whether through his culpable negligence or not historians must decide. Atany rate they are not pleasing precedents. Moreover, Signor Rattazzi’s health is so wretched just now that he is really quite unfit for business. The Ministers who have just resigned are said to have recommended Signer Pisanelli—a distin- guishea Neapolitan Deputy—to the consideration of His Majesty, to form the new Cabinet. Signor Pisanelli has already formed part of a preceding ministry with the portfolio of justice, and, as he belongs to the same political party as Signors Lanza, Sella angi their colleagues, and only headed the anti-Ministerial vote on the Taranto question, apparently for secondary and local considerations, there woula PaO, be no material change of policy adopted if he were to come te the head of the government. I hear, however, that he has already declined ottice. . General Marmora 1s also spokerf of, and the Baron Ricasoli, both statesmen who have repeat- edly wielded the supreme ministerial power, but both of whom would probably wish to make mere concessions to the Vatican in the affair of the reli- gions corporations than wouid suit the present in- clinations of Parliament. But the main and apparently insuperable obsta- cle to an acceptance of office by any of the leading Italian statesmen is the ugly inheritance of the Re- ligious Corporations bill, to which they would have to succeed. The Lanza Ministry having had the nominal, if not real, merit of bringing the Italian capital and seat of government to Rome, 1s pledged to carry through this bill, and if nobody else can be found to undertake the difficult ti the King will proba- bly be onliged to refuse the resignations proffered by Signor Sella and his colleagues, and con- firm them in ofice until they have taken the ecclesiastical bull by the horns, There is little doubt, however, that, what with delays and modifications of projects and other legislative tricks, the actual Parliamentary session will be worn away Without the momentous bill be- ing definitely discussed, Hot weather and malaria will be pleaded before the middle of next month as reasons for the Deputies’ to abandon the feverish capital and return to their respective homes. ictor Emmanuel, who was to have gone to Sor- rento yesterday to pay his promised visit tothe Empress of Russia, has been obliged to delay his departure, sending meanwhile his telegraphic ex- cuses and explanations to Her Imperial Majesty. ‘This contretemps has bothered the King immensely. The royal decision will be anxiously expected on Monday. The Pope and the Pilgrims. Rome, May 6, 1873. In spite of renewed reperts of the Pope's tailing health, his Holiness carriea out his programme yesterday of receiving the French pilgrims who ar- rived to congratulate the Pontiff on the occasion of the festival 01 St. Pius V., which was yesterday, the 5th, and on the recurrence of his own birthday, which will be on this day week, the 13th May. It was evident that the Pope's returning indis- position was of no importance, for he was able to receive @ number of persons on Sunday morning, the 4th inst., among whom was M. Hennessy, formerly attacned to the French Embassy in Rofhe, wut now belonging to the Legation at Athens, for which city ne took his departure yesterday. M. Hennessy had not seen his Holiness since the entry of the Italian treops in September, 1870, but the Pope recognized him at once as anold ac- quaintance, and received from him a letter aad re- mittance of money from the Bishop of Angouléme, The Pope saia that his doctors had given hima good dese of medicine on the preceding day, but that he felt better and hoped the returning fine weather would set him up altogether. PILGRIMS IN THE ETERNAL CITY. The arrival of the expected caravan of French pilgrims, a8 they choose to denominate themselves, had nothing selemn or impressive, for they reached Rome in separate batches from Florence, Ancona and Civita Vecchia, like ordinary travellers, each on his own account and in as comfortable a form as possible, Some enthusiasts of the party had proposed to alight at the station nearest Rome, on the Flerence line, which is Monte Rotonde, a dis- tance of about eighteen miles, and to proceed thence on foot to the Holy City, with the broad hat, staff and cocklesheli which for centuries have dis- tinguished bona jide pligrims, Probably these gentlemen received some wholesome advice re- Specting the excitement now prevalent here and threughout Italy on the subject of Gxsholic pligrim- ages in too demonstrative form, for they abandoned the project of entering Hg barefooted and sing- ing eed canticies, In fict, had they done so they would have had to enter by the same te as the invading [taliags in 1870, the Porta for the SHEET. Salaro Bridge, which crosses the Anio on the road from Monte Rotond» two miles trom Rome, and which was blown up by the Pontifical general in 1867, to prevent Garibaldi approaching the city on that side, has not yet been repaired, su that travel- lers have all to come round to the Nomentano Bridge instead, ‘The recognized leader of the caravan, altho not im practical pedestrian form, was the Count de Damas, a nobleman of a very ancient family, which distinguished itself in the crasading period. This gentleman has been to Rome betore, and a tew Years ago brought out a useful but never executed peat for restoring the ancient Roman port ot tia. It was not possible for the Pope to administer the holy sacrament to the pilgrims, as he had in- tended, for, besides his own indisposition, several of them only arrived yesterday morning, a few hours before the time fixed for the audience, which was at bali-past eleven A. M, The aadress read by the Count de Damas was signed by about seventy rsona, representing pilgrims’ committees in ifferent departments of France, but 1 am in- formed that there were not more than forty-five delegates present. I give an abbreviated version of what was said on this oceasion :— THE ADDRESS READ BY THY COUNT DE DAMAS informed the Pope that devout piigrimages were again becoming normat institutions in France, and that the Council General of French pilgrims hud se- lected tor their celestial patron the blessed Joseph Labre, a Frenot mendicant, who died in Rome, in the odor of sanctity, half a century ago, and was recently canonized by Pius IX. Like Labre, the delegates present were Frenchmen, Catholics and pilgrims, but_he had the happiness of seeing the successor of Peter in his splendor, while they were obliged to mourn over him in chains. The address affirmed that if France had been present Rome would never have been violated, and the Pope, in- stead of being a prisoner, would have had a faith- ful ally to overthrow the great modern enemy of Christ—revolution—as his glorious predecessor (St. Pius V.) found a valorous sword to overthrow great enemy o! ancient times—Mohammedaniam, The ambition of the pilgrims was to re-estublish France, the eldest daughter of the Church, as the Pope's defender, They would go from sanctuary to sanctuary to Lag J for this result, and begged the Holy Father to biess their pacific crusade. THE POPE REPLIED in terms of affection and gratitude towards France, and said that the Saviour would soon manilest Himself again to that great and Cathoiic nation, as Christ said, “A little time and: ye shall not see Me, and yes a little time and ye shall see Me.’’ A tem- porary separation was perhaps necessary to excite , renewed sentiments of piety, as now demonstrated by prayers, pilgrimages and the sacraments. is Holiness, alluding to St. Pius V. and his vic- tories over the Mohammedans, said that it would be advisable to implore his intercession to obtain vic- tory over the present enemies of the Church, ‘‘who, to their shame, are not Turks, but Christians.’ Centinuing in the same manner to exhort his hearers to have courage and constancy in the struggle, the Pope wound up with the consoling text “If God is for us, who shall ee against us?’ and so dismissed the pilgrims with his apostolic Venedicuion, admitting each individual to the honor of kissing his hand’ and presenting to each @ medal commemorative of the Ecumenical Coun- cll, and a bunch of flowers for the absent ladies of the family. The Pope also sent two magnificent bouquets a eague dl to the Church of Santa Maria Maggiore, 'o be placed before the crystal cofln containing the embalmed body of St. Pius V., which was ex- hibited to the public in the chapel dedicated to that Ponti. The mummy was dressed in a white robe and scarlet silk mantle, with ita feet in red velvet shoes, embroidered with gold, and it bore a rim resemblance to the marble statue of the ‘ontiff above. In an adjoining room were ex- hibited several sacred vestments and utensils worn and used by Pius V., which, although three centuries old, are s¥illin @ perfect state of preser- vation. THE MINISTERIAL RESTORATION. I will explain in another letter the motives which have induced the Lanza Ministry to retain office, Suffive it to say here that the President of the Council announced yesterday in Parliament that he and his colleagues would remain in power, “out of deference to the sovereign command,” This a'ternoon the discussion of the Religious Corporations bill commenced in the Chamber of Deputies. Suppression of Religious Houses. ROME, May 9, 1873, The grand Parliamentary battle of this session commenced on Tuesday, the 6th, the reinstated Ministers having, in compliance with their ac- knowled engagements, brought before the House ‘the bill for the suppression of religious corpora- tions. This measure consists in the extension to the city and province of Rome the laws on that subject already in vigor in the rest of Italy, but witn speciai modifications, supposed by the govern- ment to be necessary for the maintenance of the Papal guarantees, and to prevent the infringement of what are considered to be international rights enjoyed by the heads of religious orders estab- lished in this city as the centre of church govern- ment. HISTORY OF THE MEASURE. The first jaw of suppression in Italy was that which bears the date of the 7th of Juy, 1866, The Parliamentary debate commenced at Florence on the 7th of June, and the voting took place on the 19th, when, out of 225 Deputies present, 179 ap- proved of the bill, 45 opposed it and one declined voting The next law, regulating ecclesiastical property and relating also to religious orders, bears the date of the 15th August, 1867, and was brought forward by Signor Rattazzi. The" .ebate commenced on the 5th July and occupied twenty-three sittings, and at the final voting there were 204 favorable votes against 58 untavorable. THE OPENING DEBATE. Signor Di Falco, Minister of Grace and Justice, announced to a crowded House, on Tuesday after- noon, that the government accepted the modifica- tiens made in the bill by the Parliamentary Com- mission, in accordance with the report presented by Signor Restelli, but reserved the right of making amendments in some of the ciauses in the course of the debate. ‘, Immediately afterwards the debate opened with a speech from a smart young Bolognese advocate, Signor Casarini, a member of the Left, and there- fore @ strenuous opponent of th8 law proposed by government, not because it was intended to suppress the religious corporations, but because it was not ea calculated to destroy them root and branch, He spoke of the course of events in Italy since 1866, demonstrating the always increasing antag- onism of Church and State. He accused the gov- ernment of having constantly endeavored, since its establishment in Rome, to effect a reconciliation with the Papacy, and, when convinced of the fal- lacy of that hope, of, having declared that Ital ought to be proud of the privilege of giving hespi- tality to the head of the Catholic Church, and that it would be a great misfortune i! the Pope were to depart, forgetting thus altogether what the pres- ence of the Pope had cost Italy in blood, tears and obstacles to the independence, liberty and unity of the nation. Signor Caruttl pod next in favor ef the bill hoping, however, that the amendments propose by government would render it more temperate, aa, aithough the obligation Imposed on Italy by the convention of September, 1 to respect the political sovereignty of the pe hi ceased to be in force, the moral obligation of defend- ing the religious liberty of the head of the Catholic Church could never be cancelled. speech had a clerical tendency, which was strongly contrasted by the following one, de- livered by Signor Damiani, who combated the Dill as insutlicient, and deplorea that the government Junta of Rome, immediately after the entry ef the Italians in 1870, had not solved the question of abolition of religious corporations then and there, 80 as to spare the government a world of subse- quent embarrassment and opposition, Signor Pecile came next, advocating the bill, ex- cepting in the preservation of houses for the gen- erals of orders, His speech was not concluded on the 6th, but was resumed tn the sitting of the 7th; but the principal feature of thatday was the elo- quent speech of the Honorable Deputy Corbetta, whe, although a member of the Right, strenuously ee the bill, especially with regard to the clause im favor of the generals of orders, and Seer the opinion of the great master of modern ‘talian policy, Count de Cavour, that no interna- tional character could be attributed to negetia- tops between the Papacy and the Kingdom of italy. Signor Corbetta made a very eloquent speech, Sheretl total abolition instead of partial meas- ures, and his desertion of the government on this bill is sure to be followed by that of a considerable number of deputies hitherto belonging, like him- self, to the Right, but whose defection will render the success of the ministerial measure more uncer- tain than was anticipated at the beginning of the debate. A CROWDED CHAMBER. On entering the Chamber of Deputies yesterday afternoon, | found Signor Minghetti rising to de- liver his speech, The Chamber was more crowded with auditors than with deputies. The public tribunes were crammed, and the reserved and diplomatic tribunes were unusually fall. I saw M. yeatgiee and the German Minister and Sir Augus- ‘aget, with their respectives ladies and at- tachés, but Mr. Marsh, United States Minister, wilo has been absent at Naples and has only just returned via Ancona, was not amon: the auditors, Signor Minghett! is an experience: politician, and was ene of the Pope’s ministers twenty-five years ago, when Pins IX. was a com- stitutional sovereign. He speaks easily and weil, and was received with evident marks of attention. orted the bill but repelled the accusations onorabie Signor Vasarini that its partisans desired to conciliate the Pa yA He maintained that it was in harmony with the policy initiated by Count Cavour and followed by his successors. tle examined its various clauses and said that with regard to the generals of orders it was the wish of the government that foreign institutions should not be deprived of the means of communicat- ing through them with the Pontiff, The government would have to steer throngh the opposed exagger- He su of the ations of the clericals on one aide and the eadicais on the other, create the observation of law without diminishing libe: ty. Signor Minghetti's speech, which was a I one, Was applauded frequently, but at ita conclusion Signor Cacarivi rose to reply in & very sarcastic and amusing manner, sayin; that Signor Minghetti had ‘quowed. the liberty afforded to the Charch iu America and Greut Britain, but that ir the Pope and his cardinals, surrounded with Catholic Powers, were to be placed in Amertea, instead of Italy, America would speedily transier tiem to Paraguay, As to Great ritain, or Casarini reminded Signor Minghetts of Henri Vill, and Oliver Cromwell, and inquired if he would be prepared to employ similar means to insure liberty of conscience, He reasserted the conciliative tendencies of the members of the Right, and quoted an articie of Signor Bonghi’s in the.Revue des Deux Mondes, mentioning the well known phot Fonte poeaalte of the Pope walking arm la arm with the King of Italy and saying that it represented the prevalent wish of the country. Signor Bonghi, of the Right, got up te reply, and atter htm came SignorsyMiceil, of the Leit, and Mas- sari, of the Right, alternately attacking and defend- ing che policy of the Ministry until night closed in. ‘These debates are very interesting to attend, and aford Capital examples of the inexnaustible vi- vacity and overwhelming flow of words wich dis- tinguish Italian orators, T attended the debate again this afternoon. The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Signor Visconti-Venosta, spoke first (in iavor of the bill, of course), adduc- ing the desirability of respecting such rights as bore an international character. Signor Piiia fol- lowed with a heavy attack from the Left, which Signor Berti, of the’ Right, parried and replied to a8 well as he could, the principal argument tn bis speech which struck me being that the right of in- dividual liberty in matters of conscience was al- ready too firmly fixed in countries constitutionaily overned, such a3 italy, for any apprehensions to entertained respecting concessions that might be made in favor of the Church, ‘There was a violent storm this morning, and the electric fluid discharged itself very near the Cham- ber of Deputies. ‘The clerical journals will call this ominous. ‘The King returned from Naples this morning at ten minutes to eleven o'clock. THE PRESIDEN?’S PARENTS. Two Northern Sight-Seers Visit Mr. Jesse KR. Grant at Covington, Ky.— Health and Appearance of the Vener- able Octogenarian and His Wife—A Quiet Chat on Personal Matters—The President the Pride of the Family. Dayton, Ohio, May 24, 1873. To THE EDITOR OF THE HeRALD:— Yesterday, having business in Cincinnati and wishing to show a visiting friend from the North the beauties of this thriving city, we left in the morning train, and, after spending a tew hours sight-seeing around the town, proceeded over the great suspension bridge to Covington, Ky., tor the purpose of paying our fespects to President Grant's father. We frst proceeded to the Post Office and learned that he was at home, not being very well, About five minutes’ walk brought us to @ modest-looking two story. brick dwelling, with a silver plate on the door and the name “J. R, Grant” thereon. We rung the bell, and in a few mo- ments the door was opened by an elderly lady, who wore spectacles, We announced ourselves as on a visit to Kentucky, and wished the pleasure of a few minutes’ conversation with Mr. Grant, if not intruding. Mrs. Grant, whom the lady turned out to be, in repiy said we should be favored, though Mr. Grant was far from well, having some eighteen months ago received a paralytic stroke, and in we walked to a small parlor to the right, The furni- ture was plain, but comfortable. Quite a number of chromos hung about the room, and one was U. 8. Grant In muihtary*uniform, which we thought rather a poor hkeness, In another part of the room Were taree quarter-sized colored photographs of the President's father and mother. We aiso no- ticed chromos of Mr. and Mrs. George Washington. While sitting quietly py ourselves we presently heard a siow, tottering step in the hail coming towards us, which proved to be that of the vene- rable father of our filustrious President. He was Jeaning on a crutch cunder hig right arm, this side of his body being paralyzed. We shook him gently by the leit hand; he seemed taller than hisson, and a heavy, firmly-knit man, eyes small, a round, full forehead, with a nearly straight but well set and sharp-pointed nose and projecting chin, strongly indicative of force of character; teeth nearly all gone, but good flesh about the face, giving him the apfearance of being @ much younger man—in fact, a good, healthy, Fuddy hue. After some iytie exertion he ‘managed to sitdown in a large rdtking chair. After a tew words of apology on my part for the visit he told us he was nearly eighty years of age; that he felt he would notlivea month longer; that he had written to the President touching the state of his feeble health, and that he was anxious to have at least an hour's talk with his son bejore dying. He thought he might die any moment; he felt no par- ticular pain, lis wile, he said, enjoyed excellent health, and would no doubt see many more years. They had lived together happily and contentedly for forty years. He asked if we had ever seen the President. We replied we had on several occasions. We found him considerably deat—in fact, he so informed us, and requested us to sit near by on this account. Our conversation seemed to distress him a little. He talked hesitatingly and somewhat ina low tone, Mrs. Grant, who sat vis-a-vis, ventured to say they bad a daughter living near New York, and, on Geen we found it was Mrs. Corbyn, at Eliza- beth, N. J. A pardonable vanity of the old gentle- man’s. We noticed, was that when talking of his son he would usually say ‘The President.” He remarked he had rot received any reply trom the President to his last letter; that he partly expected mim, as he was visiting somewhere in the West. Mrs. Grant inter- rupted by remarking he had returned to Waghing- ton. We ventured to say, we Nad no doubt the President would visit him the moment his impor- tant public duties would admit. He told us he was Postmaster of the town; but the duties, on account ofhis present indisposition, were principally done by an obliging young man very acceptably to the public, He wasin the habit of going aown every other day or so to see all went well. Mrs. Grant looked hale and a with a round, pleasant face. It was about haif-past one P. M. when we called, the interview lasting some half an hour or so, Shaking hands with both, and wishing the old gentleman many happy days yet to come, we de- parted tor Cincinnati. iH THE PRESBYTERIAN GENERAL ASSEMBLY. rene PHILADELPHIA, P8., May 30, 1873, The session of the Presbyterian General Assem- bly to-day pened with prayer by the Moderator, Rev. Dr. Scouller. Standing committees were an- nounced by the Moderator, and credentials re- ceived from Rev. John E. Adie, LL.D., Professor of Biblical Literature and Exegetical Theology to the United Presbyterian Church, and Rev. Henry Calderwood, LL.D., Professor of Moral Philosophy in the University of Edinburgh, a3 delegates trom the United Presbyterian Synod of Scotiand, The Committee on Narration and State Religion reported that forty-five Presbyteries had reported to the General Assembly. The report states the aggregate increase of membership during the year to 082. The Treasurer of the Genoral Assembly reported receipts for the General Assembly Fund for the past year, $1,927 47; expenditures, $1,460 91; balance on hand, May 1, 1873, $457 56. Superannuated Ministers’ Fund—Balance on hand May 1, 1872, $585 63; receipts, $1,727 27; ex- penditures for the relief of superannuated minta- ters, $800; invested, $572 50; balance on hand, 1940 40, The death of the Rev. Dr. Thomas Beveridge, of Xenia Presbytery, was announced, and a feeling eulogium of the worth and piety of deceased was ba Age by Rev. Dr. Cooper. A recess was then taken. Upon reassembling @ resolution was offered by the Rev. Dr. G, C. Vincent, sending eting to the Constitutional Convention, and asking that they coniorm the constitution to that great fundamental truth—recognizing our obligation te and ciaiming protection from Thefresolucion was ubanim- ously adopted. A resolution providing for the collection into one book of the various enactments relating to the order was discussed, and re- ferred to the Publication Committee. A resolution providing for the appointment of a special com- mittee to revise the constitution of Church Boards was referred to the same committee. Invitation was accepted from the session of the First United Presbyterian Church of Monmouth, lil, for the Assembly to meet there on the fourth Wednesday of May, 1874, Delegates from the Synod of the Presbyterian Churches of Lower Canada, from the Relormed Church and from the Evangelical Church of the Waldences will be heard to-morrow, and delegates from the United Presbyterian Church ef pScotiand and {rom the Presbyterian Church of the United States on Monday. An overture to the different Presbyteries for re- duction in ratio of representation was defeated. The Rev. G. F. Heddon, of the Associate Re- formed Synod of the South, was introduced, and addressed the assembly. In the evening a conterence was held on Sabbath Schools. Pulpit appointments were announced, and the assembiy adjourned until to-morrow morning. ART MATTERS, The Bethesda Fountain This Afternoon. The Bethesda Fountain, the new work of art recently completed by Misa Stebbins, and of which we recently gave quite a long description, will, this afternoon, be set playimg fer the pleasure of the Central Park public, There will be no formal unveiling, the work having already been fitished a few weeks ago and saocemsfally expertinented upon since, If the weather prove fine a large and weil- pleased crowd may be expected, er oe TONE WT POLICE. Doings and Developments in the Department< Bumors and Facts Regarding Its Future Administration—Will Charlick Re- sign! — Probable Changes and Promotions—Street Cleaning. ‘The rush of oMce-seekers to the Central Umice continues unabated. Corridors and waiting rooms are filled at an early hour with men desirous of serving the city. The Commissioners are scarcety visible, unless to a favored few, aud the measures of precaution taken by them are highly neceasary. President Smith is besieged day after day with all classes of applicants and rarely gets a moment of peace. He is doing everything in his power to please all parties and at the same time secure an eligible and competent class of men for the service. RUMORS OF THE RESIGNATION of Commissioner Charlick have been flying around freely for some days past, but it seems unitkely now that he will give up the effice. In conversa- tion with a representative of the HERALD yester- day he said :— by “I did intend to resign, and, indeed, do now, but recent events have combined to make me remain longer than I had anticipated. When His Honer the Mayor requested me to come here I explained to him that [I did not want any office, ana Particularly one that demanded so much time and attention as this. Still, I yielded to his pressure and came, with the understanding, however, that I was to be allowed to retire when I chose. Well, my inclination suggested to me to go out at once, for I saw this place required a good deal of a man’s head, and I want all mine for another undertaking I tookin hand some years ago. This is a very responsible position and in the Mayor’s opinion, and, indeed, in mine, ought to be filled by @ gentleman of very amiabie disposition, of great intelligence and discretion. So far as we have gone everything seems prosper- tng. Our Superintendent is doing wonders, and the men under him appear to be catching the spirit of their superior officer. I am glad to see that, for we want everything to work harmo- niously. We intend to do all in our power to assist the Superintendent in suppressing crime, and we also intend to have CLEAN STREETS.’’ e “We are a unit on that subject,’ said Commis. sioner Garaner, who had just entered the room, “*Yea,"” continued Commissioner Charlick, “we are going to bave clean streets, no matter what it costs. Our first care will be to see that they are kept clean, and then we will look after any leakage there might be. The people expect clean streets; they are willing to pay for them and I promise you that now they are going to have them.” “The Board is determined upon this,” sald Com- missioner Gardner. A meeting was held by the Board yesterday morning, but no business of importance was trans- acted. The five Commissioners, at five e’clock last evening, went to inspect the work done by a new street sweeping machine at South Fifth avenue. It was imported from iro by the Department, People who pretend to be posted say, that notwith- standing the firm Vie lee taken by Commissioner Charlick, he really intends to retire from the Board at an early day. Mr. John Morrisey had a long interview with the Commissioners yes- terday, and this would seem to give color to the report, for it is known Mr. Morrissey was of signal service to the Mayor at a critical moment in the recent troubles. Mr. Morrissey is no doubt arrang- ing for the successor of Commissioner Chariicl and some persons say the choice’ will fall on Justice Ledwith. This magistrate was eeronay urged upon the Mayor for the place by the Morrissey party before the names of the present Commissioners were sent to the Board of Alder- men. The Mayor would certainly have complied with the request to compliment these gentlemen for the favors done him, but other matters seyeee in at the last moment and Judge Ledwith had togo aside to await events. It appears that the Morrissey wen spent a whole night in the endeavor to bring over the democrats in the Board, who were opposing, to terms. They held out and re. mained faithfal to the, private combinations until they were threatened with being pub- licly denounced by Tammany Hall as traitors. The terrible thunder of the triumvirate shook them in their shoes, and they walked down to the plates and lapped the milk like verv docile and humble little kittens, The hangers on and walters for something to turn up, who are massed every morn. ing in the hallways and passages of the Central office, indulge very frequently in peculiar and in- structive conversation. One of these gentlemen said yesterday to another :— “Lhear them fellows upin Albany have $3008 piece for running that charter through.” “That's so,” was the answer. ‘But they might a’ had eight. Our folks sent 2 $800 a piece to’em to beat it, but they thought it was safer to take the $300 and go home to their vill honest men. Shed Shook spent $10,000 on that thing and got EUCHRED AFTER ALL.” Ex-Inspector Jamieson has sent in an application to have his case reopened, and asks to be sun re- stored to his former position. In the petition he says that he was unduly, unlawfully and improp- erly deprived of his office, and offers to bring forth testimony to prove his assertions. The case is to be brought up at once, and is very likely to be decided in favor of Mr. Jamieson. we was rem@ved from the department through political intrigue. Two resignations are said to have been sent in from the detective office. The names of the officers on the papers are John Mc- Cord and George ford. REMOVALS TO POST DUTY from this bureau will be made on Monday. The list, containing eighteen names, has been submit- ted to Captain Irving by Superintendent Matsell for approval, and he has endorsed the catalogue. An almost entirely new set of men are to be put in the squad. Inspector McDermott reported yesterday morn- ing to Syperintendent Matsell that there was A DANGEROUS HOUSE at 571 Broadway, in which “banco” was played and that countrymen were enticed into it by very elaborate circulars setting forth that enormous prizes were to be gained by the risk of a small amount. Superintendent Matsell placed the mat- ter in the hands of Captain Irving, who de- tatled detectives Heidelberg and tare 4 to watch the place and ‘when they found the game oing on to arrest all the persons oun in it. The detectives re- mained in the vicinity oi the house for some time, and, being assured that every- thing was In order, entered and ar- at rested James Bell, the proprietor, and Ge Holston, nis assistant, On the door of the room in which the game was played was a card settin; forth that Goodwin & Baker kept offices tnere, bul the firm turned out to be the swindling gamesters. Captain Irving says that ‘‘banco” is a very disrep- utable method oj picking pockets, for the parties playing have no chance whatever of winninj miy @ few evenings ago a guest at the Metropolitan Hotel lost $100 at this place, and When he spoke to & policeman about it, the intter desired him to peep att t and the money would be returned to him. ie Captain of the precinct does not stand ina very desirable light from this cir- cumstance, He must have known of the existence of the house. It is sald he was in it on two occa- sions. Superintendent Matsell intends to keep the detectives doing this kind of work so that they shall be @ check on the captains and allies, the ward officers, Mr. Mat- sell spoke yesterday of the success of the detectives in arresting thieves during the present few days. The one taken by Detective Dusenbery, and the other arrested by Detective Heidelberg, were both sent up for sixty days by uaye Dowling. Mr. Matsell is having lists made out Of all police- men that have been detailed to precincts, and who have remained in those precincts without ever being transierred. The object of this is said to be to promote men who have served long ana faithfully. SOIENTIFIO INTELLIGENCE. Curious Facts Concerning the Great’ Ghizeh Pyramid. The recently discovered corner stone of the great Ghizeh pyramid, the first and largest of the Egyptian pyramids, was found by the discoverer, an English clergyman, to have the same remark- able relations to geometry that had been ascers tained, by the Astronomer Royal of Scotiand and other mathematicians, to exist in the pyramid ag a witole and in various of its parts. The cerner stone, which had escaped, by being covered, the general stripping of the stone facing of the pyramid, was iound in situ, to measure multiples oF the pyramidal cubit (a little more than twenty- five inches) on all its lines, and tne angle of its outer slope to expreas, with mathematical curacy, the ratio of the diameter to the perimeter of @ circle, The pyramidal cubit is exactl; 0,000,000,01 of tife shortest radius of the earth, ani the height of the restored pyramid, 222 cubits, the 0,000,000,000,1 of the distance of the sun from the earth, according to the lately corrected value ef this distance. Similarly the so-called sarcophagus inside the pyramid has been feund to be an accurate measure of contents, based on the pyramidal cubit. A relation to the mean density of the earth is also found to exist, and it is a curious faet that the anit of measure adepted by the euilders of the pee supposed to be at ieast 8,000 years old, and to have been erected by a race anterior to the historical Egyptians, possesses a geometrical accuracy which does not exist in the French one, which, as is known, is not, what its designers in- tended it to ve, in exact decimal relation with the meridian, owing to errors in the arc, Whoever the builders ef the Ghizeh pyramid, astonemy must have been far advauced among them to enable them to caleniate the distance of the sun at the amended figure w which it has been redaced only within the last three or four years