The New York Herald Newspaper, November 17, 1872, Page 10

10 DEFENCE AGAINST FIRE. Fhe Theories of Combating Conflagrations in Cities. THE “BLOWING-UP” PROPOSITION. + EAE ee What an Officer of the United States Engineers Thinks of It. METHODS CF DETGNATIVE DEMOLITION. Giant Powder or Bualin to Do the Work— Blowing Bown Versus “Blowing Up”—General Newton's Views. Since the great fire im Boston, which occurred enly asiort week ago, the public mind has been greatly exercised in reference to mcaus of prevent- ing the spread of condagration in cities, and scien- Wfic men have begun to investigate the problem and find a solution for it. The field, however, is so ‘very novel, and 60 much necessarily depends upon ‘the peculiar circumstances of the case which may arise, and upon the judgment of the persons direct- ing operations against fire, that no dedinite rules er plan of actioa can at present be laid down, The improvement of steam engines, so as to throw greater volumes of water and with greater force than has hitherto been em- ployed, ts naturally enough one of the first means to be suggested, Next, probably, comes the ques- ton of abundant supplies of water for engines of Wreater suction power. Various devices, also, mave been perfected for the combination of cheml- sal agents having extraordinary qualities of extin- Ament, and architects and builders have done their utmost to perfect a style of building which shafi be fireproof. It was naturally enough supposed shat iron structures, with brick and cement wterior walls and floors, would be fireproof The reat fire in Tooley street, London, gbout twelve or fourteen years ago, first demon- Btrated the fact that such buildings were not in- @estructivle by fire; for the burning of the mer- e@handise in the warchouses on that occasion gen- erated suiticiont heat either to soiten and fuse the tron, or to create such expansion of the girders and pillows that the walls were forced out aud fell. Bince the Tooley street fire there have been hun- @reds of proois that iron, brick and stone a gestcuctible in fires where great heat in gr mme sweeps through the edifices Among ite most recent propositions for DEFENCE AGAINST CONFLAGRATION Js the resolution adopted last week by the Cham- ber of Commerce, of this city, suggesting the cs- tabiishment of a Bureau of engineers as anadjunct ef the Fire Department, to be inves: with author- ity aud power and supplied with the means to blow up such buildings as they may deem neces- fary in order to prevent the spr ot fire in what deemed chreumstane imminent danger 4 con jon, restion seemed to the nity somewhat, alike by its eovipurative novelty and by the’ extraordinary power with which the Board to be tivested and the sun ymcans to be employed them. Uf course the organization of such» Boird would aaturally insure te doing of son INascentiic Manner, re Fuleror engnecniuy. mauiry, W an emetg ewusion the work of yrding to the ‘This nutaraily leads to the + is the scientific pian of action inswch ney? and inves’ sto the con- ly end that © u sped in th days since BLERALD reporter cal D Cominissioner bhaier to learn hia views on and the fest was that whic tie Gen as very can tdous in the expression of any di r ADSOI to the belies that the us: a purpose was ovjectionadle, fo achieve tie desired end. this he was fortified by the opinion of Fire Engi- neer Damrell, of Boston, who stuted that the biuw- tog up Of buildings in that city did nothing toward & limitation of the fire. One of the strong- est points urged against it was that the Gre crept more readily over the fallen timbers and ned in- 8. aébris than it could doar the building tact ia the pathy has nor been unfrequent tw such measures to check confagr erations have ustally been cond the Royal Artillery or Royal Engi are no dita to show they acted under any otuer rules than such as judgment dictated and the im- medtate circumsrances of the case seemed to de- mand, Ofcourse this would be there, as well as elsewere, largely controlled by the topographical configuration of the territory imperiled by the fire, the size, style of construction and nature of mate- rial of the buildings seiected or necessary to be blown up. rem , but the l by troops to present to the public such mforma- jentiilc character as there may be in relerence to the eesT ME where buildings « @ HeRALD reporter cal General Joha Newton, of tie United states Kngin ers, and re. | pression of his views at large on the | General Newton is the oilicer the conduct of the government in the channel at teil a large and — varied jonee as well as apping, blasting eompoune found im kis office et, and thoug tat ouce exp op the subject. THODS OF ACTION charged wiih diasting Gate, and ractienl @ 2 mmindn operations has had edncation y to sp what I think regaraing it. nree to be pursucd in such a f do mot feel Uisposed to be cons now as recommendiug auy. To begin with, L con- wider the ase ol gunpowder as an agent of demoijition in such an exigerey as en- lirely erron and — ileadvises its effect would nacura.ly “blo and sca ter tue material of toe buildbags ¢ 1 Ne the real object to be sought would be busiding down, to drop the fabric in coinpac sible upon its four un of all building ty cd y into whi wi, and 1 of face 3 is ara iL tne 1, it will heavy vertical f pack dowt aud @ fire, Suould it ign debris, Will burn’ more siowly than when subjected | to drait. All the brick, stone, marter and trou will | serve to smother the sues ganony the wood. For this reason | THE USE OF GUNPOWDER nid be Injudicious, as its eseet would be to scat. nd extend the area of combustible débris.”” xplosive would you sugyest, General, as the most judicious aud effective to ve employed? Would dualin be preferable?” asked the reporter. “I think,” replied the General, “that either giant powder oF duaun would be the beat agent to em- Woy. They would make no scatter, but if properly Applied would cut a building off cose to its founda- tions or piers and let at tail.” “Are there any rules laid down in military engi- | heering for the guidance say of an officer who cecu- a by an evacuating enemy to aid in ing the conflagration by biewing up huld- * ra “No, there are po rules on the sab) structions, He would be guided so: mediate judgment.” “What is the peculiar characteristic of giant powder in its effects as distinguished from gun- “powder ?”” “Well,’’ responded the Gene: & combination of nitro-glyc peculiar kind, It is very powerfal when t, no im by im i, “giant powder is and dy | ‘and acts on a more Hinited gnd direct surtace. | ‘Take, for example, an jron pillar supporting @ huijding. I would put ant powder | Around its base anc expl would cut that pillar of thongh cut with” a knife, ‘Wail that is to be destroyed, tirst pierce the wali, and in the same way surroqnd the plers of ma- sonry with the powder. It would blow the wail of clean where the powder was gsed and would jet the upper parts of the wal! fali verticeily. “What, in brief would be your pian of” DESTROYING NG??? “Oh, I should siivply pierce the walle so as to Jeave piers of masonry or brickwork, and surround these and all the pillars or other 3 building with giant powder. When tht ted the buliding would go dowa, ing of the aiis would) be @ matter easy of accomplishment, bet you would require workmen & litie tamillar with the nature of the work to be done. A few of our sappers would £0 drouuda building like tia and pierce the walls | with their picks in a very short time.”? “Would tie blowing out ofa fron ings be, under ord demolition’ “No; Eshonia think not explosion clean as | it is a piere row of buijd- aly Circumstances, a suMiclent | The fire would be apt to creep over the rains, and, per vite the weary Of Le rear vow of build) [i sueh a remedy were resorted ww im the case of fire it would not dg to hesitate about paving a house or two. It Would never do to blow OM) @ t0ut cow Bud PUD the dive o) having Wesyur | las to _ NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1872.-QUADRUPLE SHEET. Tow of buildings catoh fire esd burn the next block. ‘The only safe plan would be to ‘blow down a whole oni has the necessary gap to check a great “Would you, in undertaking such a task, blow down all the buildings of an entire block simulta- neously, or with one discharge?” “Well, no, not exactly,” responded the General. “That would be dificnit, though nov impossible ; dg would be at least unnecessary to attempt 60 AN INSTANTANEOUS DEMOLITION, and the danger, ina time of so much excitement 48 @great fire, would be much increased by such @ course. No. I should blow down one or two buildings at a time. It would not take a great while to level a block. Of course, in adopting this ‘blowing-ap’ system of deience against fire, it would not do to commence too near the actual Beene ofthe fire, It would be best to blow down buildings a block, at least, removed trom the buildings actuaily on fire; so that the work could be done c..refully end thoroughly.” “What do you think of the proposition to create ® Board of Engineers for this purpose” ‘L can’t say anything as to the advisability of creating such a public body.” “Do you think, General, that one engineer of- cer, with, say one professional assistant, would be suiilcient for the DIRECTION OF SUCH OPERATIONS in a city like New York? “{ should think so. You know the ocoasions when their services would be required would be comparatively rare, or at least we will hope so, ‘The experience of great cities im the past few years looks as though great fires are to be more frequent and destructive Laan formerly, but this may be a matter of mere coincidence.” “Would it be most advisable to lay powder trains in the basements of builuings ia order to destroy them? “That would be a matter of expediency. I should lay my traingon the first floor, on the street level; or they might be laid about as eticctivety on this, the second foor. 1 should uot go as low as the basement unless [ found some special advan- tage in it, like the €ewness or convenience of the foundation piers. In the event oi a systematic or- ganization being pean eG to do this work, it Would be necessary to select very competent cngi- neer ability; and the officer or oficers entrusted with the duty would fave to be clothed with ab- solute power to act as their judgment prompted. THE RESPONSIBILITY thrown on him wonld be very rons, and there would be great efforts made to influence his dect- sion and action, bot: by people who wanted him to blow up buildings and by those who would desire to prevent the destruction of thelr prop- erty. “Do you think it would be advisable to have a separate corps of Workinen to cary out the direc- tons of the engineer?” “So far as that goes I should think the fremen would be able to do it, They are already organized and disciplined and are used to ‘stand fire.’ It would be very easy to instruct them in the rudimentary oranches of manual sapping ond mining, laying powaer trains, igniting fuses and so forth; and hy the time such a crisis in the conflagration had been reached that it was necessary to blow up buildings, | should think the services of the requisite number of firemen could easily be spared from the ‘ine of their present duties as tiremen.” This appeared to be about all that could be-said on & subject so little studied or understood, and the Generai’s opinions donbtiess embrace all that is known at presenton the subject; so, after thank- ing him forthe information se courteously given the pablic, the reporter retired, OUR FIRE DEPARTMENT PREPAR + Appointment of Two Borrds of Examin- ers='The Strictest Efficiency To Ke cared—Incompetents To Re Retired and Good Men Vo Be Appointed—Resolved to Protect the City. ‘The extraordinary circumstances attending the Boston fire, and the blunders—at least tie so- called ones—of the Boston Fire Department in combating the progress of the destroying element, have aroused the fire departments of all the larger cities in the country to a sense of the re- sponsibility resting on them, and to a close in- vestigation of the adequacy of the means at their “command in case of the most serious emergencies. much a8 the Boston Fire Department had been con- sidered to be so well and 80 thoroughly organized that every reasonable hope might have been enter. tained of its COMPETENCY TO MEET ANY EXIGENCY that might occur in Boston, or at least be strong enough to prevent such a terrible conflarration as ph.bas laid half that city in ashes. With re them, however, that Boston has en lialf ruined by fire, the Fire Commissioners of this city have resolved wisely to profit by the sad experience of the sister city’s misfortune and to jeave nothing-undone that can tend to prevent the occurrence Of a similar catastrophe in the Empire City, whose firemen are justly considered to be a model for the whole country, yet whose fate, owing to apparently small accidents, might equal or exceed ali the terrors of eitiier Chicago or the Hub, were the fire fiend to seh it at advantage. The Fire Commissioners consuited Jong and seriously over the condition of their department, as to whetuer it would be able in its present state of efficiency to meet every demand that might he made upon it, even were THE MOST SERIOUS AND UNEXPECTED CALLS upon its strength and numbers to put it to the se- verest test. The result of these considerations was that a resolution was come to that tne effictency of the departinent should at onee be ascer- tained; that where the standard required for the servi was not reached an im- mediate change should be made; that thus the whole department being stimulated to acquire , those who were found to be incompe- tent should be removed and their places flied with better m It would seem from this that the Com- missioners feel persuaded that the department 1s, in its general arrangements, sufliciently broad and comprehensive to meet all the requirements of this great city, and that no fears need be enter- sained of the “devouring monster” provided the ordinary standard of the department is maine taived and the men do thelr duty. For the pur- ertaining fully the exact proficiency of jepartment TWO BOARDS OF EXAMINERS have within the past iew days been appointed by the Commissioners, One tor examination of the oi the various companies and another (or uination of the assistant engineers. These boards, which might properly be called the Retiring Boards of the departinent, are altogether different from the old Board oi F miners, Wich has been in existence for several years, and whose duty it has been to examine applicants and to test the com potency of ofticers beiore promotion, ‘The main object of the two r i will be to discover by whether or not auy incompetent eu- ito the departmen ¢ companies 4 er by old age or any otuer c THE PXAMINATIONS wi'l be held in part at the headqua ters of the de. partment in Mercer street and in part at the com panies’ quarters in the several districts, the object of! this being to fest the practical knowledge of the oiticers in regard to apparatus, horses, scertain tie and of inteliige sessed as to general requirements, It is intend that the whole department shall be thoroughly organized by these examinations, for promotion shall nto the deserving, While those hol ing responsible positions at present shall be either DEGRADED OR DISMISSED as they may be found wanting in the necessary knowledge of their duties, The board having charge of the examination of the oMlcers of com- panies consists of Chief Engineer Perley, Aesistant Chief Bates, Assistant Engineer Nash and Assistant Engineer Shay. ‘the Board of aminers for as- sigvant engineers consists of Catef Engineer Perley and Assistant Chief Engineer Bates. It will be necessary to have at least one of the board, but all the Commissioners may be present if they so cho se. It was intended that the examinations should eommence yesterday, but owing to the absence in Boston on important business of Chief Engineer Perley they were post- poned antil to-morrow, ‘The examinations oi the examining boards are hot final, it being necessary to submit to the Board of Commissioners an accu. Tate report of the several tests, with a view to ultimate perfect eficiency in the department. NOT THE DREXEL BUILDING. To THe KOTOR OF THE HERALD: The remarks !n to-tay'’s HERALD in relation to vabuge Vuilding on Wall street going up with every accepted fire-proof appliance about it, and yet surmounted by a en roofol the Mansard ttern almost ax combustible as a fra t e to the 1 building on Wall street is being built, and as being entirely constructed of iron and and Will he as fire-proof as the rest of the ng, itcannot be much more so, Will you publish this correction and oblige, New Youn, Nov 187: JOS, W, DREXEL. A MISSING WAN, Mr. J. FE. Van Doren, who was connected in busi- ness with one of the New York newspapers, and reviding at 669 Lalayetie avenue, Brookiyn, left his home on Fri morning for a day's duck shoot- ing on Long Island, since which time he has not been seen or heard from by any ef his trienas, His wile and family are reaily alarmed, and tear that some serious accident has befalten him. They have visited the hospitals and Morgues of New York and Brooklyn without success, and will grate. fully reword any person who will id them any information that may lead to his discovery, He wae thirty-five years of age, of medinra heipot, with large brown eyes, dark hair, beard and mustache, ADO Wae clothed iy ap gxdipary dark puit, The necessity of this step on the part of the fire | departments seemed to be the more needed, inas- | Commissioners present at each meeting of either | ENGLAND AND THE SLAVE TRADE. An Expression of British Opinion on the Hor- rors of the East African Traffic in Blood as Displayed by Livingstone and Stanley. {From the London News, November 5.] A crowded and enthusiastic meeting, presided over by the Lord Mayor, was held yesterday at the Mansion House, to pass. resolutions on the evils of the existing African slave trade. Large numbers of ladies and gentlemen were unable to obtain admis- sion and the speakers, owing to the thronged pas- sages, with ditliculty made their way to the plat- form, Among the distinguished persons present were the Baroness Burdett-Coutts, the Rev. R. Moffatt (the veteran South Atrican missionary) Mr. H. M, Stanley, the Ion. A, Kinnaird, Bishops Claughton and Ryan, Mr. Otway, M. P., Mr. Gilpin, M.P., Lord Lawrence, &c. Mr. Stanley, who was received with much cheering, sat to the Lord Mayor's Jeft and the Bishop of Winchester to bis right. ‘The Lord Mayor, in opening the proceedings, re- Minded the audience that early in his mayoralty a meeting was held in the Mansion House, the object of which was to draw the attention of the government to the slave trade in Eastern Africa, From the expres sion of feeling that then took place the government had, in a very proper manner, taken up the ques- tion, and had placeed in the hands of a very dis- tinguished man the opportanity ef completely settling the question. No one could doubt but that Sir Bartle Frere was the fittest man for the work, (Cheers). It was to be regretted much that the government of the day was so unwise as to make @ treaty with the Sultan of Zanzibar, but there was every reason tohope that the talents of Sir Bartle Frere wonld soon enable us to get rid of what everybody must feel was a disgrace to the country. He (the Lord Mayor) would say nothing of the Pacific Ocean, but would contine the atten- tion of the meeting to the fearful slavery of astern Alrica, England at last was about to do something, and no doubt we should have to make arrangements of probably a costly character to sapply the Sultan of Zanzibar with the amount of income he was deriving trom the iniquitous tratlic, In conclusion His Lordship read letters of sympa- thy with the objects of the mecting from Lord: Shaftesbury and Sir Stafford Northcote. The lat- ter said that no abler man than Sir Bartle Frere could have becn selected for the mission to the Suitan of Zanzibar. ‘The Bishop of WiNcrresTeR moved the first reso- lution, namely, “That the same imperative duty which rested on Great Britain to appre the West African slave trade binds her to the suppres- sion of that from the east coast.” This motion, he said, must tead him to say something on the gen- eral question, ‘The trae instincts of the city of London had jomed the old with the new anti-slavery movement; and the crow«d- inz of the hall and the interest inani- Jested in every countenance showed him that the blessed fever had again broken out, which in the time of our fathers swept away the curse of slavery from tho West, as tt now pledged itself to sweep it from t st of Africa, It would require but few words to show that the work they were tering upon was one to which Great Britain in ciple was already cowmitted, In the first » the evil was the same. ‘Thronghout the great warfare against the West trade, the language of the movement was Pot so much the West India Islands as r plo whole Acnean ters ot against slavery in against the devastation of Africa and tle great the evi and injastice dene to the African people. Tn- dignation was r against the cruelty in almost every degree Which wis practised ia the collection of the slaves, in tie stirring up of one petty chicl tain against an ar, and the consequent promo- tion o: internecine wariare, durmg which peaceful villages were fired and the inhabitants kidnapped and sold, That was the evil of old; this was the abomination now. As regarded the pas- sare of hay m the interior to the iy greater, and was of ity in every et, because the ac a1 trade always devastated and depopulated as it progressed, driving turther buck every year the game preserves trom which the stealers of men gathered up their wretcued victims, The evidence Sir Leovold Heath, tain Vivian and others, that, where | two years ful populations were if , and cotton growing, and ture, they travelled one hundred and twenty miles without findiug a single human habitation, The accursed trace had passed over it like a tire, hav- ing before it rden of Eden, leaving behind ita desolate willerness. Every year, therefore, the slave trade was ailowed to continue the distance no the victims had to march was in- Already, according to Dr, Livingstone’s » but one in seven or ten of ths natives captured ever reached the coast, and if the trade thrust itself further into the interior of Africa the proportion would soon become smaller, Already those great intertor lakes, which Livingstoue had made known to us, saw the slave traders’ boats launched upon them, aud were used for the transportation of the slave traders’ victims, The march trom the intertor— who could coiculate its wretchedness? And then, when arrived at the coast, their sufferings were not at un end, for they w: crowded into Arab dhows, to be transported across the sea. Some of them were, according to that wretched treaty with the Sultan of Zanzibar, taken up and down the coast, but the greater number were carried to Zanzibar for transportation elsewhere, and that in such numbers that of the 20,000 estimated to pass liom the port of bo in one year, only about 1,700 were needed in the dominions of the Suitan of Zanzibar. Unfor- tunately, the very efforts of British cruisers to put down the trade adicd to the sufferings of the victims, because the danger there was of capture caused them to be crowed together in the hold of tue dhows, on the principle of sj icing several for the sake ofone, Zanzibar reached, there were the horrors of the slave market, where the victims received treatment to which no ¢ ¢ in England were subjected, Upon this part of the subject Bishop Ryan gent to the House of Commons one of the most harrowing de: scriptions ever written. It could not be said of these poor East Africans, as it used to be said of that they were taken from ristian lands. There were ny some who that the «itleulty lay in the fact. that this slave trade was not ‘carried on by Englisnmen and thit we were not bound to stop was being done by Arabs, objectors maintained that we were not bound ty. His answer Fade was 11 the , carried on by Britist tish capitalists. “The ri van going itt the inte; main, if capital adva: Hanian wivertised a car 0 or to lect. hides, gum, copal, and, above all, and the cara bemg fit out, was it to an Arab adveutur It was well kKnowa io e English Con- vanzibar that th 19 going, na by vine to the tofthe number of an was bringing, o: tie hin, But there was , wad as long as intestine w it as nour no evidence apon which to prd the tr with the Suitan of Zanzibar existed tt was impossible to chees what was going on in the iuterior, ‘The money for this trafic was furnished hy t Banian, who was a British subject, 1 therefore this was as much a British ques- tion as was that respecting the West Indian slave t 23 and = ineidentally it was more, ause there was not « single Banian house in India, or the protected States, or even at the Courts of Zanzivar and Maseat, who were not de- penitent upon British influence. Through our co! merece, through our protection of the native mer- chants, through our intimate connection with the governing states of the East, Great Britain was Just as dioectly bound in the sight of God and man to remedy this evilin the East as she was in the West. ‘The most conclusive of all reasons was that Great Britain had, in the face of the world and in the name of God, undertaken this championship. She had declared that the slave trade was a@ piracy and should not exist on the seas, She had piedged herself as Em- pres# of the Seas, as the Power to which the God of Justice had given command to say that the ‘an paths sould not be contaminated by the ave traders’ track; and When a great people un- dertook a canse like this, in the sight of God and man, it was not for it to shirk duty merely because it beea atroublesome question, Great Britain had undertaken the work and Great Britain was bound to carty it throngh, The one thing necessary was ‘a union of the Christian Powers to enforce a decision to put the slave trade down, At this moment there was, thank God, & tendency in all the Christian Powers to unite with us in this noly undertaking, Germany, France and America had already a great commerce rising and risen with the port of Zanzibar, and the slave trade was the enemy of all righteous commerce as the bandit and assassin were the ene- ties of ali righteous travel. This readiness on the part of other Christani nations marked an opportunity which might never occur to ue again, And not only Christian nations, for Persia had prohibited altogether one great branch of the slave trade in answer to our continuous entreaties, The chief pundits of the Mussulman Empire had reported that slavery Was not only contrary to the Koran but also to ti ecial prohibitions of Ma- homet. The ruler of pt had joined with us to a great degree, The (Queen of Madagascar had agreed to abolish whoily the slave trade in her Island. Our Queen’s speech had com- mitted the throne of his realm to the righteous work of abolishing this accursed trade. ‘The mode in which it might be done might very well be left to the noble-minded man who had consented to leave home, and peace, and comfort, and home tes to give his great abiilty aud experi ence to doing away with this dreadiul evil. (Cheers.) Mr. KIRKMAN Honason, M. P,, seconded the reso- Jution, urging that the nation was as sound now upon the question of anti-siavery as it was in the days of Clarkson and Wiiberforee, ‘The resolution was carried unanimously. Mr, STANLEY, Who was next calied npon by the Lerd Mayor, was received with loud and long cheer- ing. He said Le hag been requemsed to move the second resolution—*That all who desire to promote the abolition of this trade should make its enor- mities as widely known as possible.” It was for this purpose be Te ee The enormitics of the slave trade Livingstone took as his text letter alter letter. At the the he was Ke peng to have been lost in a dark and fabulous region, he commissioned him (Mr. Stanley) to ef the complaints to England. He had done go, and had now to tell the meeting what he had seen personally as regarded the slave trade, Let them imagine themselves at Zanzibar, There were some seventeen thousand Banians in the town of Zanzibar, exceedingly wealthy, and several Arabs, But the Banians were opulent, and lived at their ease; and whenever they wanted to make their ventures into the interior of Africa, they sent these Arab adventurers, who went down from Muscat. For the advance which these wealthy Banians gave the Arabs they received as much as one hundred per cent on every dollar, The Arab in his caravan took irom $3,600 to $5,000 worth of cloth, beads or wire to Unyanyembe, The slaves there were too dear, and he went to Ujiji, where they might he cheaper, peregpe fetching as much as $8 or $10 per head, at was too dear, He, therefore, undertook an expedition across the Tanganyika, the region just explored, and there eighty or one hundred guns were amply sutti- cient to conquer any of the small tribes an sub- tribes to be found there. He had seen two or three handred slaves brought in chains to Ujlii, and could verify what Livingstone had said regard- ing the beauty of the natives. These Arab traders marched into a village and exhibited their beaas— “the breakers of women’s hearts’—and while the women were examining them, and the men inspecting the texture of tie cloth, the ruiflanly commander had his men posted in ambush, and immediately there began an indiscrimmate mas- sacre. Livingstone had described such a scene on the Lualaba River. je the women, as was their delight, were chatting over the goods, an Arab posted his men, ninetyin number, ail round the market place and fired volley aiter volicy upon them. In horror and dismay at thar tre- mendous sound, which they lieved to have been stolen from heaven, they rushed ter- ror-strieken into the brown waters of the Lualaba and were eaten up by crocodiles or picked off by the traders’ Lullets. We might, there- fore, imagine the unutterabie loathi ng and disgust kindled in Livingstone’s bosom when he saw this, No wonder that Livingstone kindled with anger. He had seen him with eyes ‘lashing in telling him of these things, He had seen him ready to cry out at the horrors he remembered. Lf was these enormitics that the resolution said ought to be made known. If he had gone from Zanzibar to Ujijt some flity years ago he might have seen the natives regarding with curiosity the people from the sea. In the eagerness of barter and pursuit of wealta the traders were uniortunate enough to sell muskets aud guns to the tribes, What was the conse- quence ? To-day we saw the tribes standing up everywhere for their rights and demanding: tribute from the Arabs. This was the chunge brought avout by the traders themselves, and the trives in the interior had been taught to level those guns against the Arabs who gave them to them. It was only in Unyanyembe they saw the slave trade now, except in river whose mouth was opposite to Zanzibar, A gun- boat might easily ascend that river to the town of the son of the Sultan of Zauzibar. By going up this ttle river in @ launch they might in three days reach the town, and a march of ten days would bring them into the very heart of the slave country, It was sad to think that many who were kidnapped had now become faithtul pupils of the, kidnappers. ‘The question might still be askea— Why was this trade sti'l in existence? Constitu- tionat scruples, we are told, restrained the Foreign Minister of England from dealing with the slave trade on the east coast of Africa in the vigorous manner that it ought to Le cealt with. But justice to suifering humanity had no suena seruples, Justice and mercy unitedly called upon us to advocate its immediate abolition and its im- mediate termination by constitutional means if possible, and by unconsiitutional means it neces- sary. (Cheers and laughter.) The civilized na- tions of Europe had over and over again expressed their abhorrence of the atiocities com- mitted, and, whatever England undertoox in this matter, she might rest assured that tierce would not be one dissentient voice raised against her, Ifother nations had not been so ready to assist us in crushing tis spark of the great evil that existed im old times over the surface of the habitable globe, as we were incline use tie litany of the murde’ nates had not so often resounded through their halls, and because they had no such champion of their rights lilt relating tneir grievances n we have had the person of David Liv- ingstone. Frequently, time and time again, we had heard their yer, “Save ns from the Ishmaetites Who tear us and convey us aundreds of miles to a couutry not our own, Who sucdue us with the vengetul arm and mighty hand, and seit us, our wives and clildren.”’ ‘These poor blacks were not beasts, tley were not four-footed brutes, they were me: oved bla possessing feelinzs, us quick to tn wrong they were to aporeciate a kiudnt they had sen- sibilities, passions and ieclings liké ou: sclves, and personal likes and disitkes, as we. Was it not, then, singular that black men, becanse they were black, sould be persecutea by yellow men. should be’ subject to tne caprices of organized bands of yellow kidnappers, Who go avout buying, selling, stealing, murdering black people, and we whites looked on unconcernedly and without in- terest in the matter? Had we no interest in these people? Why did Livingstone feel resentinent because they were dealt with thus hardly? Simply because he had lived among then so long and found thein to be of similar natures with white people, and perceived that they could suffer as well as we when visited by wrong, and re- joice when pleased in the same manner that we did. Let us imagine a state of things in London such as existed in Africa, We see u crowded ba- zaar, wherein several chained gangs of white slaves are being brought in for sale. What kind of people are these ¥ They are old and young—some fare strong and sturdy-looking, others are thin, wearied, sorrowful-looking creatures; some al sickly and others are healthy; some are merry, reckless and wiid; others are sad, with a hopeless, woe-begone and despairing look: som are naked, others have bits or shreds of cloth aroun their loms; they are all dirty and have a hungry 100k as they are being brought in, The buyers, an- timated by various feelings, throng eagerly around them. One man wants help for his farm, another requires a slave for household work, another for his store, another would iike to possess one for other purposes, The auctioneer takes his stand and be- gins the strange work of selling men and vid o1lr homes, women of his own 8 es, like unto hin m all human attributes, The sluve is forced to exhibit his or her points— the strength, physical formation and beauty that he or ahe possesses, The arms and legs, the breadth of the back, the depth of the chest are freely des- canted npon; the eyelids are drawn up so that tending buycrs may see the iull circle of the eyes; the lips ai radcly drawn aside, the mouth is opencd, the tecth examined and felt if they are ail iirm and sound. Even the tongue must an- dergo inspection; the back and chest are punched to test their firmness; & smart stroke is laid with a cane on the shoulders to exhibit the slave's character; and all this time the intended buyers are irecly descanting upon him, as if le were a four-legged brute, What should we say if we were to sec such asecne in London? Yet sucl a scene visible each day in the market plice at zibar, wita all the degradation of lunmanity must follow snch an exhibition. ie to congratulate the meeting and the nmeni on the ointment of ere as commissioner to see what by negotiation at Zanzibar. In his presence he would only say that Sir Bartle’s sauvity makes him eminently fitted tor the position of a diplomat wit) the Sultan at Zanzibar, The Sultan thought himself harassed and annoyed by the energy of Churchill, and bore no good will to the present politica! resident. With sir Bartle Frere he would bear hi ( ditferently, and when the gov- ernment of Great Britain, through its chosen representative, informed him that the slave trade must be stopped, because of the courtly sauvity of Sir Bartle Frere, the Sultan would be inclined to listen to the ways and means, For his own ‘the could not quite commend the idea of a great Power stooping to pay @ subsidy to a semi-barbarous Power like that of Muscat. To him it was iat as ifa counterieiter were to be compensated by the judge with an allowance of money on the condition that be would retrain in the tutore from pursuing an unlawful course. (Cheers.) Slave trading was regarded by all civilized pat.ons as unlawiul and criminal, but now Great Britain proposed, he believed, to pay the subsidy of 40,000 crowns to the Prince of Muscat, provided Prince Burghash, of Zanzibar, would put a stop to the slave traffic along his coasce, In his opinion this was compounding with villany instead of punishing it. (Chegrs.) But if England desired to impose upon herself pecuniary obligations of this nature, let her step to the rescue of Prince Burghash and save him from paying the tribute, (Hear, hear.) Let her give the Prince of Muscat to understand that she would protect the Zanzibar Prince from paying any such tribute, since it pro- dnced so much misery, 80 much evil and human suffering. The presence of two gunboats—one at Muscat, the other at Zanzibar—would be amply sumicient to save Prince Burghash a visit from hts brother at Muscat, (Laughter.) England, m- deed, was the means Heald of imposing the tribute upon Zanzibar, when she might have done better by protecting Zanzibar from the descent meditated upon it by Muscat. If the tribute was the only bar to the removal of the slave trade, let the tribute be abolished; but he believed that it Was sentiment run mad to offer to pay it to Muscat, provided Prince Burghash will make an edict that the tramMc in slaves must cease, on pain of death. (Cheers) Why should England be thus magnant m ? (Hear, hear.) No civilized nation ex- pected it of her; but all expected that she who rules the Indian seas should use her utmost en- deavors to repress the slave trade carried on there. He would advise Sir Bartle Frere, on his way, to make a cal) at Seychelles and find out what was going on there. Sir Bartie wouid find that the English government had been selling slaves and taking paeoth for them. For every huinan being sent to Seychelles there had been five, SLX, seven or eight dollars taken on board the slips. If England wished to be called the champion of the slaves she must have nothing to do with the ac. cursed = thing, She must provide — estab- lishments for these people in healthy Places, and not sell tiem to these people at Seychetles and Mauritius for five, six, seven or eight doilara & head for a term of years, We should call it tring out, perhaps, but it was slavery after all, and he advised Sir Bartie Frere to go to Seychelles apd Aud it out fur bimsell He ad Livingstone about this, and fi Beankers tole ay ray the English people do not » (Cheers.) He said, “Do you Ber ance Tete ee ne ‘ yor et nto tl and.” He had now ur return Tous this, (Cheers.) He cones _— me ne i people who had got these slaves from 80 vane money per head. He therefore, taken the speediest time to inform an English audience of it, and had done what the resolution he now submitted to the meeting boy pene the enormitiés of the slave trade as widely known 4s pos- ible. He asked his audience, therefore, to give their verdict with regard to the resolution aud pass it unanimously. Bishop PreR3 CLAUGHTON seconded the resolu- tion, He said he was convinced we should find there was some mistake in what Mr. Stanley had said respecting the Seychelles Is!ands, (Cheers.) Sir Bartle Frere wouid go there, aud Mr. Stanley would, he felt sure, be the first to thank us for the opportunity of refuting the statement. (Cheers.) ‘The right reverend prelate described his own expe- riences of the East African siave trade. ‘The resolution was carried unanimously. The Earl of HarRowsy proposed the next resolu- tion, viz:— ‘That this meeting pledge itself to promote by a!l con- stitutional me: 16 abolition of the East Airican slave trade, and rejoices in the recent appointment 4 government of the special mission which has tor iis end this great object. He was gad to find that something of the oid feeling which used to make men rally round the name of Wilberforce still existed. Mr. Orway, M. P., Seconded the motion. When he witnessed the recoption accorded to Mr. Staniey he saw in it encouragement for proceeding upon this great slavery question. Why was this Amerti- can citizen received so enthusiastically? It was because that vast Assembly felt that they saw in Mr. Stanley @ man who had done a great work, who having put his hand to the plough had no looked back, and who, when others hesitated, went, ou—(cheers)—and did not stop until he had achieved the object of his mission and had in- formed us of the safety of Livingstone, (Cheers.) Let them proceed in the same way in prosecuting the great work of the abolition of slavery, whic! they had undertaken, Although they were now acquainted with the great responsibil.ties of this country with respect to the slave trade in Past Africa, they had not realized their direct respo. ties, M dou! liament was deeply committed in the matter, House of Commons had yoted money tor carrying out the stipulations 0: the treaty with the Suitan of Zanzibar, and we hat but one course to pursue, and that wastoget rid of the treaty (Cheers.) How that was to be done might well be leit to the di tinguished statesman wito had unde: taken to zo out to Zanzibar. We should not have dene enough when we had abrogated the treaty; we must proceed to action, not only at the place Where the slaves were exported, but at the place were they were re- ceived. During the last live years ti spor! slaves from Zanzibar had excdeded by many sands the number reached in previous years, He seconded the motion with his whole heart, beli ing that the government never took a step more likely to bring about a successful result than in the appolatment of tae Zanzibar mission, and placing at its head such & man as Sir Burtle Frere. (Cheers) Sir Bartte Frere, who had been compelled to leave the room through illness, returned ainid Joud applause, and apologized for his temporary absence, He vongratilat-d the Lord Mayor upon the results of the first meeting held in the Mansion House, and upoa the growth of public op:nioa since that time. Alter the speecics which hud been de- livered, he had really nothing to say o1 the horrors of the slave trade, but with regard to the treaty with the Sultan of Zauzi- bar, he begged to say that at the time that engagement was entered into it w. made with the most periect conviction tiat it w as far as at that time it was possible to go. It was made by men who had the cause quite 2 heart as we had ourselves, and he fel) those men were present among us in this wenera- tion, though they might regret to see that their work had not been attended with the su they expected, they would most cordially have joined with the mecting in tne more decided Measure it recommended, But whatever might be the case wth reyard tothe governments of times past, there could be no doubt or hesitation regarding the government 0! the time prese ‘The Britisa government of this day were whoie and determined in this matter, and whatever might be the result of the mission he could most decidedly Bay that ilit was not attended with success it was not because the goverminent had not given it most cordia! aud ¢: ve support. — (Cheers.) There was no better anthority on this subject than Mr. Otway. ‘the question was with that honorable geitieman the question above all others wich attracted his av on wien he was at the Foreign Otiice, and he (Sit tle) was quite certain the foreign Onice B: 2 c had not departed trom its traditions of tormer days in constituting itself the foremost champion o: anti-slavery measures in this country. He would now say a word or two as to Wnat might be done in London and in Engiand wnilst he and the expedition were absent, he had to say he would suw up hope that we should keep the of public opinion upon them them to do their duty, and take care attention did not nag on the s a they would call him and his colleagues to account for what they had done, according to the means Placed at their disposal. The great leaders of com- Inerce could often do more than diplomatists, and he believed he spoke the conviction of the Foreign Office, and all who knew the question best, when said that all the political measures in tue world have been compar: meffeetual had not been ba the eee exertions of great cial men in this great centres of commercial indus- try in the country, and he had no doubt that, as im many other cases, they had reaped thetr reward. He only wished it were ten times greater than it had been; but this he knew, that the work was un- dertaken as a work of Christian love, and not as a matter of sordid gain. It could not be too much im- pressed upon the audience that in their own sepa- Yate sections of the great Christian Ch rch each should do what could be done in planting Christian coionies upon the coast where these slave horrors existed. He believed it was from such nucle! that not only the Christian truth but civilization and Jreedom would spread over Alrica. All testimony told us that docile and in many respects tractabie as tae people of Africa were, they were very lar be- hind those of the other three coniinents tn the general arts of life and practices of civilization, m tie pressure to and it was impossible to piace down any settlement of Christian men upon tie coast, which should not in time become the cevti of civilization as well as of freedom and Christ. anity. He was quite sure that morality and inc try must go hand ju-hand, and we could not a berter than enabie our missionaries to becor centres of industrialimprovement, There was ot thing he hoped would never escape the memory of the people of London, ‘They were sending out a representative upon a mission to Alrica, but they must recollect they had already in the Africa & most elticieut and accurate representa- tive of the best features of bnglisa Dr. Livingstone, (Lond cheers.) Dr. Livingstone Wasnot ouly har Majesty’s Vice Consul to the tribes of Central Africa, but Ne was also a representative Englishwan, who exhibited the best features of the An, character, He (Sir Bartle Frere) certain that the mere pre: ence a travelling through = Atrica of Anglo-Saxons of the doctor's ty and he trusted he might include im the our friend Mr, Staniey—(cheois)—must and wo act as a charm upon the people of the countr. (Cheers.) We inust not iorget that, though br. Livingstone himseli was in Air In this country there was what was most precious to him, and we should look upon his chiidren as children of the country, as children of England, and never allow Dr. Livingstone to come back and jee} that those most dear to him had escaped our memory in his absence, (Loud cheers.) ‘The resolution was passed, Lord LAWRENCE moved a vote of thanks to the Lord Mayor. He was quite certain that if our gov. ernment were only determined to pat down this slave trade on the coast of Airica it might be done, though not perhaps without difficulty. No better man could have been selected to carry out the wishes of his countrymen than Sir Bartle Frere, Having known that gentieman’s worth for many years, he knew how well he united those qualities which were all-important on an émbassy of this nature, He was pretty certain that the Sultan of Zanzibar would not neglect the advice which was given tohim, The present Sultan and his prede- cessor were under great obligations to the Englisa government. But when we had accomplished the main object, viz., a suitable treaty with the Sultan, our real ditticuity would begin. The great point wouid be to make the Sultan adhere to his agreement. No doubt he would agree to whatever Sir Bartle Frere proposed, and no doubt Sir Bartle Frere would tie him up to the best of his ability, Never- theless, having some conception of tne character and antecedents of these chiefs and their leading men, he (Lord Lawrence) felt that unless we were ready to come down promptly on whoever offended against the treaty there would be but little good even from sending such a man as Sir Bartle Frere to Zanzibar. (Cheers.) The motion (in the absence of Mr. ©. Reed, M. P.) was seconded by the Rev. Dr, MOFFAT!, who was received with enthusiasm as great as any mani- fested during the day. The vencrable missionary, who has labored fifty-five years in the chuana country, was at one portion his speech at a loss for a word, which the meeting bah to him. Tapping his forehead, he said that half a century’s study and practice of ee languages—the Bechuana language was unwritten until he wrote it made it difficult sometimes for him to speak his own. He referred with much feeling to the interest feit by all classes in the welfare of his son-in-law, Livingstone, The compliment to the Lord Mayor having been passed, the proceedings terminated. BURIED ALIVE. Rallroad Laborers Near Flushing Ine jared. Frank Miki and Joseph Boletta, Italians, em- ployed im building @ branch to the Flushing and South Side Railroad, near Flushing, were com- pletely buried by the caving in of an embankment yesterday alternoop. Their companions succeeded in getting them out alive, but they were unable to reach usin velore five o'clock, when they re- ceived medical attention. Both reside at 47 Crosby street, New York, where they returned late in the evening ta make | THE METHODIST MISS ONARY COMMITTEE. Third Day's Procsedings—The World Almost Encompassed with Missions—$859,525 Ap- propriated—The Colcred People of the South Prefer Methodism to Ca- tholicism —New Missions ? Yet To Be Established. The Methodist Missionary Committee mes yester- day at ten A. M., and after devotional exercises and reading the minutes the appropriations to — annua! Conferences for domestic missions were re~ sumed at the point where the committee left off on/ Friday—Ohio. To Oregon $1,500 was added, contingent on an extension of the work. To the Rocky Mountain Conference, recently organized by Bishop Foster, $3,000 was added for new work and extension, This Conference covers a termgory 400 | miles wide and 1,000 miles long, and has fifteen; ministers and a membership of 201. They have jus opened an important mission in Provan, among the { Mormons. The missionary appoimted there has beens East, and by lectures and private appeals raised! $6,000, and gone back agatn to build a church there. There is agreat religious movement among the apostate Mormons, and the Methodist church: there has great power over the people,’ and especially over the children, and, they could very easily use to advantage a much larger stm than that asked for, Texas obtained $14,000, of which sum $5,000 is contingent on new | work. Rey. A.S. Lakin said that emigrants were) flowing into that State at the rate of more than, one hundred wagon loads aday. The settlemen: of that State during the last three years is beyond all precedent and beyond all expectation. There! 1s, therelore, j A GREAT DEMAND FOR MEN and means to take that country tor Christ. Kise pecially are men needed who can organize so~ cieties. The bishops who nave been over that. ground a'so favored this contingent approprtation,, which was granted. Phjlade!phis asked for $10,000. to plant .missions inthe Lehigh and Lebanon Val- leys and to give vigor to their city missions. Dr. Patterson, Dr. Trimble, Bishop Peck and others participated in the discussion that arose, and gene< rally condemned the practice adopted in Phila- deiphia and elsewhere in diverting missionary) collections and local mussions. But the re: son assigned was that there is no city misslonary society in Philadelphia, and that the churches dispose of their own money in local missions, Bishop Janes said thai Philadelphia contained a larger missionary popula: tion than many of the Conierences to which larg appropriations sre made Philadelphia raises Jarge sums for the Missionary Society, but ft doe: not on that account ask for large appropriations, but because it needs the money, An appropriation of $7,000 instead of $10,000 was then made ; $2,001 More was added to the Rocky Mountain contingent appropriation, so as to make tive total $20,000. Ir view of the division of the Western New York Con Jerences by the last General Conference, and thi consequent chanuyes in the time of holding thei. annua! session, some disarrangement has occurre: in the distribution of mission tunds, Central New York Conference was there ore given $400 for it, work until the next meeting of the Conferenee. NODISM FOR THE NEGROES, eased appropriations were asked fo the Soutiern Conterences, Rev. L. Re DUNN re questea iufortiation ag to the success oi ti Catholic missionaries, wio went down there som time ago with a great flourish of trumpets, Bisho SIMPson responded that, (rom all tue informatio! sand irom p al observation, he be in Cathotic church was making ver ogress. bishop Lynch Wos very pronounce, on the rebei side during’ the war, and though: t exercises a great deal of power over the whites 1 When in 3 Sonth ‘olina he has very little miluence wit the colored people. They have establishes in Maryland tue training of colored men in the south, Jn Louisiana th have gained largely ou th ani many of the crcoies are comi) Bishop Ame priestaood Methodists Cathoiucs, to the Methodist Episcopal Church. wit | Pomarked also that the colored people liked Met! odist singing and Methodist preaching, and had u Jove jor bowing bore a.tars and worshipping i he paraphernalia of Romanism, He tad no lew of the it if the Methodist Episcopal Gaus would do her duty, for the Lord is with ner, ‘The appropriation for the publication and grate itous distribu jon of the Méss.oniry Advocate dre out a discussion which Occupied the closing part + the morning session and almost the entire afte noon session. ‘the Secretaries, who are the edito: of tite paper, asked authority to eniargs the pape to twice its size, and tu give them away in the rat of one to seven members of tue Church; and ( this they want $24,000, After a variety of motion resolutions and suggestions had been acted upon. some of them very ludicrous, and which secupic the afternoon session until a quarter past four the committee returned substantially to THE PROPOSITION OF TUE SECRETARIES— namely, $24,000 were appropriated, and $1,000 w: added, for iilustrations In the Advocute. "The se retarics and the Board of Managers were alt requested to continue the gratuitous distributic ofthe paper on the basis proposed (one to seven and to seli it at cost price, twenty-five cents copy, until January, 1874, aiter which date i gratuitous circulation will cease. In tne mea time they are to canvass the ground and ascerta whetuer it be not advisable to change the time publication of the Advocate {roi monthly to week or seml-monthiy, and to start a first class month missionary mas al besides. It was t general limpression ot ommittee that peop did not care much for that which cost the nothing, but if they had to pay for the paper th would read it. Hence the gratuitous distributi: must cease, and the only question was as to he aud when, Some were ior ciosing up next mont but Dr. Reid showed that out o: its 270,000 circu tion 100,000 suvscribers at tweuty-tive eenis ea might be obtained during the year, This wor pay tee cost or publLeation and would give a go basis for an catire subscription list in 1874, Bish: Haven and several other editors present endors thea views und they became the senge.oi the co mit By request et this potnt General Fisk, the ari metical Secretary, announced that the APPROPRIATIONS ALREADY MADE amounted to $850,525 74—over $150,000 more th basis on which they started. The bishops, ho , thought that the income, by the energy the secretaries, would be in excess of the estimat and they weie still sate enough. But thent question of establishing new missions was taken in its order, and Mr. Gibson got the floor a pleaded carnestiy for @ mission in the province Canton, China, to supplement 8 work among | Chines in California, The e contal 60,000,000 inhabitant ere mait on interference wiih the British Wesleyan missic alrei there and the belief that many Chine converted in California will return to th own land and preach the Gospel just the Swedes have done. Mr. Gibson said they bh sent one nan back, but one waa not enough. 1 paganism t: is now Pecctatt on our shores, jJeated, would uitimately poisou us unless we tc it in its incipieucy. As a resuit of it there are n six heathen temples in San Francisco with th gods and incense altars and priests, just as tt have them in China, And they will be muttip! by and by. Bishop Ames, Dr. Trimbie, Dr. Das!) and others opposed this proposition, and pend its discussion the Committee adjourned until M day at ten o'clock A. M. The following are the . APPROPRIATIONS MADE YESTERDAY. ‘Appropri- Conference. lations, Conyerbnee, hi + 8 Troy ... wcton 00 West New York West Virginia... West Wisconsin ib Wilmington: W) Wisconsin St. Louis... South Carolina . 8. E. Indiana .. Southern Illinois. 11000 2 14,000 A Girl Accused of Killing Her Th ; Hligitimate Children. | A correspondent of the Hallifax (N. 8.) Chron | under date of Caraquet, N. B., November 2, say: | Information was laid before Justice Blackal) this parish, by parties unknown to the public the effect that there were very good reasons to lieve that a young Woman in the upper } or the district had given birth to child and had done away with it in rather mysterious manner; but as did not care to go further into the matter t wonld leave it to him to arrive at the f immediately ootained a wary for the young woman's arrest, and a search ¥ rant, which were handed to a constabie rosecution, Afthr the girl was taken in chi Mir. Blackall then went to her place of 1 dence to assist in the search, in which 1 were #0 successiul that in less than half an J they obtained the skeleton of two children and body of a chiid in a perfect state. When the pri er Was brought before the examining magist ut on avery determined look and deci , When the ‘tor oy m if she her innocence ; howev from Bathurst she was net able to stand “not guilty” attitude any longer, but im confessed to being the mother of the tt dren, and other evidence was obtained to show | she had don vay with them iiegally. pie is in Bathurst, awaiting trial at the next Co) Court, which opens next week, when It she will receive a sentence of punishment eau the maguitude of her crimes