The New York Herald Newspaper, November 6, 1872, Page 11

| | “ and has three courage marks upon each cheek— | AGROSS THE DESERT. A Herald Correspondent’s Trip from the White Nile to the Red Sea. THE NUBIAN ARABS. Life Among the Nomadic African Tribes Who People the Great Desert. RAILROAD ROUTES FOR SOUDAN. The Wants and Resources of the India of Egypt. PILGRIMS FOR MECCA. The “Doorkeeper of Hell” Promoted To Be Governor of Berber. SPLENDOR OF DESERT SCENERY. Fifteen Days on the Back of a Camel and Its Varied Experiences. ARAB STREETS. The Napoleon Family of Nubia and the Beau- tiful Princess Fatima of El Bok. PALACE OF THE GOVERNOR GENERAL OF TAKKA, MONDERIEH OF SOUAKIN, } Red Sea, July 15, 1872. Adieu Soudan! Adieu to your flames that men call winds, to your burning coals that men call sands! Adieu to your malarial zephyrs, your poisoned stxeamlets, your corrupted pools, your polluted fowers! Adieu to all your complex in- famies; to your extortion, your extravagance, your commerce in slaves, your poisoned cup, your strangler’s wrist, and your cruel bastinado! Adieu to she sudden chill, the wasting fever, the enfeebled stomach, and to vaporizing vitality! Adieu to ail these unbridled forces which prostrate, diminish and kill! How few, like the writer, have been able to make this last adieu; have been able to stand by the shores of a wholesome sea and thank God “That I, too, am not a victim!” No reader pillowed upon silk and down can appreciate one’s joy in thus escaping with life. It is like being born into a new world—like having stood on the frontier of life and death, with the menace of the dark voyage constantly urging you into the eternal abyss--and at the last moment to have been snatched from the mortal peril and dropped into some indescribable Elysium! Iam not tinting or coloring. [ am simply stating how I feel—fasci- | nated with life in three-fourths of its phases, and deeply grateful for my fresh inheritance of its joys, foram truly born again. Ninety per cent of all | the Europeans perish from the climate—the major- | ity from sudden deaths during the first month in the country! This is worse than war, plague or famine. After BLX MONTHS OF TRAVEL ON THE WHITE AND BLUE NILES 1 lett Khartoum on the 17th of June, on board the handsome daha-reah of Améen Bey, kindly fui- nished by Moomtaizze Pacha, Governor General of the Sondan. I owe many thanks to His Excellency for timely favors and courtesies, and who, among his manifold plans to purge, elevate and develop the Soudan, never begrudged an hour to the HERALD correspondent. It is but justice to add that [had secured a sweeping firman, from Sherif | Pacha, the Prime Minister of Egypt (as far as that office can exist under the Viceroyalty of the Khe- dive), which document commanded all officials to extend to me every aid and facility within their power. ISMAIL BEY, who had spent cight years in the Soudan, and Mr. | Parsal, the Besch Meh-henderziz (chief engineer) of the telegraphs of the Soudan, were en rowte for Cairo; the first having been called to Lower Kgypt by the Viceroy, and the second retiring voluntarily’ from a climate which had all but wrecked his health. Both of these gentlemen had been my friends at Khartoum, and it was, therefore, with great pleasure that we joined forces for the journey down the Nile. Thus, in their company, altera voyage of nearly five hun- dred miles, by river and desert, through mountain gorges, over perilous steeps and burning plains, I reached the coral strands of Suakin in twenty- three days. Let us begin with the beginning, and briet, rvey this line of travel, which uitimately must become ONG OF THE GRAND COMMERCIAL HIGHWAYS OF THE WORLD. To leave the Soudan little preparation is neces- sary, because little is possible. You are not in the midst of an oasis of canned meats and potted dainties, nor is there the least convenience of the housewife. You have only, to gather up your shreds and fragments, your guns and ammunition and embark with a quantity of rice, beans, bread, cof- fee and tobacco. Sheep you find on the way. I hastily prepared and in two days was ready and on board. Giovani, the Piedmont Chasseur, had been given an indefinite congé on account of his Jove of rum and had been in high spirits (cognac) from the hour of hig discharge. I had, therefore, to take another domestic, This time it was tobea prince—nothing below royal blood. Zibelir is A DONGOLA PRINCE. fis father was a king among the Dongelowie, that hardy and wicked people living in the great bend of the Nile, and who have, time out of mind, fur- nished nine-tenths of the infamous soldiery by whom the slave trade has been nurtured and sustained, Zibehr was a boy of adventure and a man of travel. But, alas! his royal blood could not Stand as a substitute for the imperial dollars of Austria, current in the Sondan, and so = Zibenr —Builied his quality as a prince by soliciting employment, He came recom- mended by himself, named his qualifications as a savant, as a White Nile soldier, as the only man, in fine, who could sult me. I saw that he was a wag, given, perhaps, slightly to the sequestration of his | neighbor’s goods; but as the latter is a national trait from the scullery to the imperial throne room, it counted less than one in a hundred. I finally en- gaged him at $8 per month, and paid him an ad- vance. To recite the hourly discourses of the Prince and to recount all his adventures with the | world in Khartoum would be an endless task. The | Prince is a fine specimen of a man, above six feet in heigbt, broad-shouldered, bare-breasted always, that fs to say, three gashes, after the usages of the country, Zibelr was a friend of the famous Don- golaween, THE EMPEROR MOHAMMED KEHR, who, about the year 1860, established an empire on the White Nile and succeeded in banding to- gether several formidable peoples. The Eayptian government became frightened at the strength and insolence of the parvenu King, and Moosa Pacha, with or without orders, despatched an am- bassador to bis court to offer the homages of Egypt at his feet. The ambassador was received with a great feast, and, having established a close in- timacy with the King, the two rose from the sete together, when, in the solitude and darkness of \ day hideous with their yells. merrrees «FY re NEWYORK, ‘orime estabttencd onetact—tuat the Dongolowie are the Keenest and most ambitious people of the Nile. ‘on the morning of the 17th of June Zibehr went to. pay bis last adieax to his three wives in Khartoum. ‘They despoiled him of nearly all his money. Suddenty the tax gatherer appeared and levied upon the Prince for his government arrears to the sim of $5. ‘The Prince tried to shelter bim- self under the American flag, but [ tersely informed him. that Fwoula father none of his villanies. Ac- companied by a soldier he was consequently con- ducted to the sheik of the tribe, wno in turn re. quired him.to produce his ‘, ” (money). The Prince set out to find his wives, who for obvious reasons did not live together. His discourses to the sheik, to the mob which had gathered in the Grand place of Khartoum, his hot entreaties to his wives, his threats of vengeance against the govern- ment, his wild gestures and soaring voice, to- gether with his indignation and princely attitude, formed @ splendid scene. In the meantime Moomtaiaza Pacha, attended by his suite, came down to the river to say don voyage, We soon cast off from the shore, put for the middle of the stream just in time to catch the Prince—a fugitive from the clutches of the sheik. We rounded the sharp angle of the Blue Nile with our oars, set our leg-of-mutton sail and bade an eternal farewell to Kiartoum—a city which, were its his- tory truly written in all the horrible details that exist to-day, would present the foulest picture of human rottenuess in the Kast, The curse of God seems to be upon the town. He visits it with plague and pestilence, Tue very day that I pre- pared to leave A TRRRIBLE SAND SIMOON swept over the city and enveloped it in total dark- ness at three o'clock in the afternoon, I was sit- ting writing at my table in the midst of the glorious sunshine of Africa. Slowly the southern horizon began to grow obscure. I went out upon the “racoba” and observed a huge mountain of sand, growing grander and grander and advancing rap- idly upon Khartoum. It was a splendid sight—the sun at full blaze in another quarter of the heavens, the doom and date trees frosted with clouds of white ds, the spires and minarets slowly losing their outlines in thedense obscurity. Tho rude shipping ot the Blue Nile, with bare masts and yards trem! for their own security, and with this iecpprens in view, the population excited, closing their houses, running here and there and prepar- er @ phenomenon which has occurred but twice in the of the post. A sharp wind, a tornado, a hurricane, in succes- sion announced the advance. of that sparkling, bur- nished red mountain which was to the air, the lungs and our little world with darkness. It came nearer and nearer, Its front was absolutely per- pendicular, and once enveloped everything was in darkness. It spread over the city. To breathe was difficult and oppressive, and it was darker than the darkest night Lever knew. Sand covered the ground to the thickness of an inch, and the whole effect reminded me of Pliny’s description of the fall of Pompeii at the beginning of the Christian era. It was an absolute inundation of sand. A similar phenomenon occurred seven years since, and the great simoon forty-eight years ago. Abell Koreem, the veteran son of Aboo-Sinn, described the latter inundation as the most terrible that has ever occurred. No one knows how many were buried in the desert; no one knows how many Be- douin@were overwhelmed by the sand, and no one willever know. A simoon requires nowundertaker ; it kills and digs and fills your grave at the same time. This incident is only one of THE MANY EVANESCENT PLAGUES of the Soudan. First came small insects, which attacked the eyes and rendered lights intolerable ; then followed the deadly scorpions, then more than a dozen foul and indigenous species of bugs, each of which seemed to have his appointed season ; geccos, lizards and ‘Nile buttons,” which last are aggra- vating pimples on the skin, Can any one imagine that, notwithstanding the thermometer at 115 degreesin the shade, with contrary winds and constant rowing, the trip to Berber was not the happiest of uy life? At Berber I found the Governor. Hussein Bey, with his two provinces, had made wonderful prog- ress. The town was stored with many thousand bales of cotton, the preduct of an experiment, which made all the many-tailed Pachus of Egypt smile with incredulity. HUSSEIN BEY should not be forgotten. He mast have an impor- tant future in the development of Northern and Central Afvica, From the feared and puissant sheik of the Ababdahs he became, with the sub- mission of his tribe, an energetic and faithful sub- ordinate of the Viceroy, who raised him to the grade of Bey and to the Governorship of two of his richest provinces, He was proof against bribes, and is remarkable for being an honest man. Aiter the usual cigars, coffee and salutations I asked His Excellency how his territory was getting along. “I have made about one hundred miles of canals; one twenty miles long, They are all for the culture of cotton,”” “Will the population work ?”” “Yes, and with avidity. The Arab loves money; and, above all, loves to work off his taxes in lieu of paying them in hardcash. For example, if an Arab cultivates such a quantity of cotton or works on a canal for such a length of time his taxes are con- sidered paid. As soon as the people begin to amass money then emigration will pour in from the Hedjaz, and the wandering nomads will cluster about the cultivated flelds. But we do not intend to let the cot ion fever despoil us of durrah.” What a change for the Arab sheik! Two years ago a sheik, with a turban and a fadah, he is to-day in a position as proud as that of the Governor of an American State; and in ten years | prophesy he wiil have made of his country more than a Georgia .| or an Alabama. When Said Pacha, tormer Vice- roy, visited the Soudan, he wus received by Sheik | Hussein, whom he thanked in these terms while suffering from the intense heat:— Sarp Pacwa—Who art thou, 0 man? SHEIK Hussein—Sheik of the Ababdalis, Sat PacHa—Liar! thou art the doorkeeper of ik Hussein at that time was the Governor of the Nubian Desert. On the 26th of June we haa gathered our came!s, thirty-five in number; thirty girbehs, holding 300 gallons of water, and ull was put in readiness for the long march VROM THE NILE TO THE RED SEA, ordinarily made by caravan in twenty-four days. ik Mohammed, a dapper little Arab Cel, was | directed to select the camels, and the Governor General provided me with a comfortable maklootah, au splendid Hygeen saddle. Soliman Agar, a Turk of many years’ residence, showed us many kind attentions in Berber, sending us euch day rich | Turkish dinners. Mme. La Forgne, widow of the late Freach Consul and an Abyssinian of remarka- oe and beauty, was also Kentuckian in her hos- pitality. Pive ‘now found much diMeculty in securing the charges and loading the camels. he Bicherines Arabs, who periorm the ofice of camel men, work when they please, and their pleasure is fittul and peevish. ‘To be a good camel man one must be tirst a sailor, to knot, splice, lash and secure; then a camel sharp, then a porter, then industrious and attentive. These three-quarters nude savages, recruited from the mountains, rarely answer to any one. of these qualifications; hence delay, con- fusion and often blows. While the camels were sprawled out upon the great open place near the Governor's palace, the vrince came running to me in hot haste, an- nouncing that e A CHRISTIAN HAD BECOME A MUSSULMAN, He was much rejoiced, adding that 1 should follow the example, as the Christians in the future world would light the fires in the infernal regions where- with to roast recreant followers of Mohammed. While he was at the acme of his discourse I heard an in- fernal noise in the streets, and, throwing open the cJumsy wooden shutter, set into the mud and manure wall, I beheld the proselyte pageant. Over tive thousand gamins, canaille, half-uude Arabs, women, donkeys and dogs were formed in irregular procession, moving at a slow pace, rendering the The convert (rather the recreant) was seated upon a horse, borne by the people upon a platform, and he was gorgeously dressed in Syrian silks. All about hin were tne. flags of the Church and State of Kgy (, Turkey’ and Mecca, with banners insert: wit ents from the Koran, Two Fakirs flanked him on either side, and the first citizens of Berber were grouped about him. The mob shouted his praises, cried, “La ila u Aah Mohammed Rossoot Allah!” and “Nacer ila e Salaam."’ (God has made him victorious—he was a great lion.) The name of their infamous renegade is Abd’l Said (Slave of the Happy), and his conversion was due entirely to woridly aims. He is but an example of the mauy | Christians or Copts who sell their consciences for less than a mess of pottage. No one of broad views will stop long to lament the R acetccn of such worthless trash; but when each conversion is at- tended by a /ete, it is impossible to estimate the influence on the Mosiem mind, The fanatical son of Mohammed = believes that a new era has opened and that soon all Christianity must succumb to the posthumous puissance of the imposter of — Medina. Each proselyte throws back the wheels of progress, be- cause the ceremony intensifies and fauaticizes the Moslem people. Cases are frequent where con- verts are directly bought by an offer of a public position and others change to propitiate a favorite jemale slave or wife. There is no counter-compen- | sation, During nearly a year in the country I haye never heard of a convert to Christianity—to make that transition is to insure assassination. The | Mussuimans tell you that themselves. The Uatholic mission at Khartoum, possessing the finest prop- erty on the Upper Nile, valued at $60,000, have never made one prosely The mission pas suc- ceeded in collecting a few negro boys from t White Nile, whom it holds by filing their belie: and not their souls. Abd'l Said, after having been conducted to the mosque by the Governor, was again paraded through the streets, the people shouting. “You will now enter Paradise!’ At three P. M. the ham-layh (caravan) filed into THE GREAT NUBIAN DESERT, , ing a course east-northeast, quitted the Gener Herber. We followed at four P. M., leav- the night, the conspirator tarned upon the King and foully assassinated him uvon the spot, Tig | ing the Nile, the Arsenal and the great mountain Vo aQuiuward, dwpieried bY a Ugubung mirage t r After an hour en route the pan began to sink below the western bylis, and the wing sky and var- nished clouds vaulted all that was visibie within our vast horizon of sand, withering abrubs and moving caravans, It is, ind a grand sight—the desert at sunset. It {8 more impressive than the gory oor tcl ane ae rain ot endsuating -or lofty -it Is @ plain o: , Set in of The noise 1—rejecting light sentimentality and youthful romance—that the life oi an Arab in these distant wilds is, perhaps, the happiest on earth. His house has no roof, his soil no bound- aries, his bed no feathers, his whereof to eat no wines, sauces or salads, Rarely ill, his only dish is fontaine ard lour astone; his 01 rough cotton cloth thrown about the body after the fashion of the ancient Romans; his ae weapons & lance anda shield, his only bed the sand. Thus, bare- headed, bare-footed, he endures the Naming winds of day or chilling breezes A Eo He aapear ss a change of fifty degrees of temperature without in- convenience or suffering. He has no aspiration to be an assistant alderman or @ United States Senator, but only wishes ‘to be let alone,” and, with his pretty bronzed wife, his high-bred drome- dary, his dozen sheep and his c'! m, he can select his own oasis for a home, his own sheik for achef. Such privieges are seldom enjoyed by the dwellers in cities. We arrived at the first well, Moorkbey, two hours after sunset, and there we began to experience the attention of the Sheik Mohammed. He had given us several head of camels. The servant, Said, of M. Varsay had been thrown from his camel and had hearly broken his neck. We feared he would die during the night. Another domestic had also been laid horizontally. The camel men were very uncon- cerned, We found, to our rise, that most of our water skins were leaky and that half the water had been lost in a march of three hours we were dismayed, and the more so becaus we the from this source are vory frequent along the route, as high as fifty haying perished ata time, Twelve hours is the longest period that an adult can survive without drinking during the terrible heat of this desert. Our water skins were replen- ished from the brackish waters of the Natron wells, and at three o’clock in the afternoon, during a not sand tempest, we set out for El Bok, distant three lays. road continued to lie along a broad plain, being clearly defined by a beaten track, with two great mountains bearing northeast by east. It was for the cut between these two elevations that we steered our course. On either ig co ea ra an ate ree und on - nent, and now and then fearless mimosa, @ 8 extending from the equator to Lower Egypt. e thermometer showed 110 in the 8! an 1e heat was insufferaple. After a ride of six hours we dismounted for the night to await the caravan, and when we had fairly bivouacked it was mid- night. Again we experienced fresh fears that the water would not last, because all the girbehs leaked copiously. We bad many attendants and camel- men, and all our throats were dry. Despite all that could be done the next morning found us with half our water gone. NILE AND RED SEA RAILROAD ROUTE. Up to this point the ground had taken a gentle slope toward the Red Sea, and it was everywhere in excellent condition for a railroad, telegrapn or perfect camel route, As I afterwards tound, there is nothing to prevent the Viceroy building a rail- road from Berber to Suakui. The distange is 270 miles, the grades easy and gentle, and he 4vould be obliged to make but two cuts along this, the short- estroute. But the government seems to vaciilate upon this point. The Viceroy Wants a railroad to the Soudan, but he is not settled upon the route it must take. Years hence, when that grand future which awaits the developments of these mines of agricultural wealth shall have arrived, there will be a grand internal system of rails and wires, Why not begin with the Keel of the vessel—why make a figurehead before you have a hull? Let the Vice- roy pursue the only sensible course and build his first grand railroad along the Nile—upon the very banks of the river. If he tries to span valleys and deserts of extreme size he will. build a line for an express train, but not for way travel and trans- portation. The great hope and need of pt isin accumulating populations upon the banks of the main Nile, the Blue Nile, the White Nile, the Atbora, the Sobat, and in settling the province of Takka, which is washed for ninety days by Abyssinian tor- rents. ‘The rail, therefore, should not cross from Assouan to Berber; neither from Wady Halfa to Shendy, There is much talk of the former because several mines of gold have been discovered near latitude 20 North,, longitude 32 East. Yet no one knows their value; and it is not probable that the fortune seeker will wait for a train of cars to con- duct him to the spot. Gold has been worked at Sen- nar, on the Blue Nile, since the time of Mohammed Ali by the blacks ; but as yet it has made no one rich, The people in Lower Egypt seem to know the amaz- ing wealth of the Soudan, but they have no idea how, in what manner and where to begin its devel- opment. - THE NEED OF THE SOUDAN, Wherever the wire ts down the rail should fol- low. ‘This is a geueral and in Alrica a special maxim, The Viceroy has gent many people here to in- spect and report upon the country, and their re- searches have sin ee, but from what rea- son Lam unable to say. The truth is the Soudan is GROSSLY MISGOVERNED, There is not, with European exceptions, a capa- bie engineer; there is not a pioneer genius; there is not a practical man in the whole country. This is broad, but true. The energy, the hardihoo! and boldness by meang of which & vast empire has been hewn out of the! rests of America is utterly un- known here. There are some good men, honest men, but when they advance a new idea, one in the interest of the country they are ridiculed by the stagnant voice of the people. What then must the Viceroy do for his India’ Can he do anything? Cer- tainly. In twenty years, with vigorous and honest administration, the cotton products of the Soudan will exceed those of the United States. | have been very careful to observe the officials here, who have tg red and integrity and some idea of progress. 1 have studied their administration, and know almost every instance of individual or official cor- ruption in the Soudan during the last few years, What should be done? First—Consolidate the nine provinces of the Sou- dan under a central government at Khartoum. Second—Instead of confiding the power to one Pacha, vest it in @ council composed of the fol- lowing officials, who have been tried and found faithful, capable and zealous:—Hussein Bey, pres- ent Governor of Berber; Adam Pacha, General of | the black troops of Khartoum; Moomtaizze Pacha, Governor of Khartoum; Munzinger Bey, Governor at Massowah; a European ratiroad engineer, with asub-bureau in each province; a European tele- graph engineer, with a sub-bureau in each prov- nce; an American cotton cultivator and sugar planter of great experience, with several assistants and a sub-bureati in each province. Let this com- mission of seven assemble and organize a tribunal of justice, a bureau of military and civil engineer- ing, place under Adam Pacha (@ negro) all the black tribes in the dominions of the Viceroy; place under Hussein Bey (@ great Arab) all the Arab tribes from the Red Sea to Dartur; place under Munzinger Bey (a German and Christian) the de- Pradeep of justice and rears place under foomtaizze Pacha the administrauion of the Nile and vate gp Third—The Viceroy shall formulate a code of laws for this commission. Robbing the govern- ment and people should be punished with death, as that is the only punishment that will stop the business; and flogging is too salutary a remedy to be abolished, Fourth—The Viceroy should sppoint an eminent Mimster for the Soudan; one who will come and see the country and return to Cairo and organize adepartment there. The man tor this position is M. de Lesseps, of Suez Canal fame. General Lor- ing, an American officer in the Egyptian service, could also fill the position acceptably. The com- mission and the Minister for the Soudan should always be of accord, and no officer deposed in Khartoum should be employed in the department at Cairo, This is different now. The consequence is that all plans for progress are frustrated. Fifth—The local goverument of each province should be well organized, but in no case should an officer above the grade of major be erp’ Gov- ernor, and upon the slightest incapacity he should be removed, and for dishonesty be shot. Pachas are personages, and it is dificult to remove a per- sonage. ‘sath—Five out of seven should decide a question, with the right of appeal to the Viceroy. —Under this government the development of the Soudan can begin at once and upon a gigan- tic scale. Fighth—Complete the telegraph lines now con- templated—one from Kordotan ,to Khartoum, one from Berber to Kassala, one from Massowah to Suakin, one from Sennar to Khartoum—then Cairo can talk with every province. Lay the rail up the Nile and begin at once to put down a track between this port (Suakin) and Kas- sala, The route for the latter is level; the steepest grade ia 1,800 feet in forty miles; the route runs through a fertile valley to the frontier of Abyssinia ; it will drain Abyssinia of all its products, make Suakin the highway ¢ Cairo seven days from Kassala, and bout £4,000,000, Afterwards the rail can be laid to Berber. This road would induce an im- mense emigration from Arabia, and the mother country of the Orient would seek her fortunes in this new world precisely as our fathers did in Ameriah. Ninth—Turkish oMcials should be employed be- fore Egyptians, because they are much more ener- ree maniier and better taught. I can say noth- yy, Ba the Egyptian official. He is a zero. ith—The caravan routes should not be forgot- ten. Each route should be organized, with cisterns every twenty-four hours’ of march, with camels, attendants, water-skins and reiays. Such a@ sys- tem does not exist on any one of the twenty dider- ent routes in the Soudan, Were such a. pian carried out the Red Sea would become white with canvas; Saukin and Massowah would take rank among the most important ports in the world; the great steamshl instead of steering by this coast in contempt to find harbor on the coast of India, would eagerly demand a cargo of cotton or sugar, and the blood of prosperity would flow through ail the arteries of the Egyptian territory. ’ MENDICANT PILGRIMS TO MECCA. On the following day we were up at sunrise, a tule from which no one geviates in the Soudan. We started from El Bok at an easy trot into the mountein road, the ‘hills to northward. “At noon we nt spread our tent in the middle of the desert and lay down for ir millions of bales of |. HERALD, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1872—TRIPLE SHEET. ® pack of Mecos mendicants, which ance of the most aggravating character. we saw allalong the route. the western coast of Africa, and Tunis, Some of these unhappy w irs in crossing the Cont ee on the way. informed Ms this subject—how thes: stilence In Mecca at their grand /étes by leaving he flesh of sheep to decompose upon the heights of the sacred mountain; how, subsequently, cholera diseases disse: and epidemic are over Ki by these malarial pro} notwith- standing contrary, and medical reports to the Christians thus pay the Mohammedan piper. doubt if ages will overcome tne superstitious fever which annually carries to Mecca. 200,000 pilgrims. RGYPTIAN EMANCIPATION DEMANDED. Unhappily the plocngy dose not believe in deliv- ering his people from twin yoke of the Fakirs and the Koran, but prefers to rule them by the despotism of their re! . The moment you whis- per in the ear of the par the Arab or the lack “that you, the people, have rights,” it will only need some fresh oppression to make them “Oh,” they tell me, “the Egyptians are poltroons—don’t you believe they will ever rise.” There is truth im the statement; but the mere force of numbers must overwhelm the Viceroy and his whole government if he. does not undertake a radical change of policy. He is abso- lute, He is responsible to no one, hecause he pur- chases the endorsement of Constantinople by a huge tribute. He personally is the commerce and Wealth of the country, and as for the Assembly, it is a mere imposition. There is no voice of the neople. The Viceroy means well, but his political economy is artificial. le is student of Napoleon I and an ardent admirer of the policy which brought France to the deepest pit of hu- miliation. Of course Egypt will go on and pros} the same under his government. He is an able and skilful man, and will, I belieye, avert the coming danger by timely measures. There is much that is a le in his administration, ill-founded and wretchedly conceived as most of it is in its funda- mental principles, While we were sprawled out under the tent, try- ing to cramp ourselves into the narrow shade, a huge negro from Darfur, on his return from Mecca, presrasea himself for alms. We all feigned sleep. é rascal, undaanted, knelt down by bs ac and, finge his string of beads, began to recite a prayer from the Koran ina high key, beseec! Providence to provide the best abode in Paradise for us all, in consideration of which he demanded money and bread.. He went away without rendering a re- ceipted bill. Many humbugs adopt the profession of the fakir; and the charlatans, for money, will preach to the mob over the tomb of Mohammed, change into a macereau for a few plasters, or be- come @ barber or drink mixer with equal facility. At three P. M. we were again under way. Patches of verdure now began to embellish the route, and occasionally & mimosa, or asmall shrub, I was hot surprised to find vast deposits of remarkable stones here; all the hues of marble, all the textures of slate and great boulders of granite, A mile from the route A WONDERFUL STONE rose perpendicularly from the sand toa height of about flity feet. It resembled an obelisk. This caprice of nature was surrounded by other clean shaven rocks, which gave the tout the ap- pearance of a primitive ruin, It may provoke a smnile to talk of the treasures of the desert, the por- phyry, the marble, the slate, allof which the Orient Deed so badly ; but one forgets often that these val- uable elements of the desert formation are easily accessible to the commerce of the world. lonally Bicherine Arabs, mounted upon dromedaries, bearing merchandise to their tribe, crossed our path, on an average one caravan a day, like a sail at sea, reminding us that an outer world still breathed and moved; but beyond that there was no life on the grand desert. Water alone was our constant solicitude, and there being some forty people in the party did not augment our feelings of security. Two years ago, nearly half way between Berber and Suakin, SIXTY SOLDIERS PERISHED FROM THIRST. A battalion had been sent by the Viceroy for the garrison of Khartoum. Arrived at Suakin, de- tachments were sent across the desert, It was to one of these that the fatal accident occurred. It seems that the Colonel was in command. A dis- pute arose between him and the guides, and, of course, the Colonel acted with the usual military impertinence. He assumed the responsibility, act- ing on his own judgment against — their advice. kach soldier had but one water- skin and, not knowing that water in the desert is blood, they wasted it extrava- gantly, They approached the mountains of El Bok, and refusing to be checked by the guides they drank all their water, confident of their ability to reach the well. The heat was consuming. The camels broke down one by one. There was a ter- rible, general thirst. The men became prostrated, In a few hours the majority had died in horrible agony, after killing the camels for milk, blood ana water; but in vain. It 1s, perhaps, the most frightful of all ends—to perish with your tongue in- flamed, your body on fire, your brain gone !—one exhausting delirium? Near noon on the 20th, much to our surprise, we arrived at 4 great rain-water basin formed in the rock, four days from Berber. This point is a god- send te the traveller. During the day more than two thousand camels were watered there, and great herds of beeves and flocks of sheep, That evening we atrived at the sand cliff’ overshadow- ing El Bok. We were obliged to ascend and de- scend four distinct ridges. At the summit of the loftiest I obtained a view [ had rarely seen equalled in Africa, Many hundred feet below and to westward was the plain we had just crossed, stretching away to one of those gorgeous skies that can uly be seen in ¢his clear air; then the caravan, ith its motley people, slowly winding up the incline, lost now in a deep shadow, anon tinged by the setting sun; the veins of colored marble taking a softer tint from the mellow twilight, and the whole face of nature sub- dued by prodigious space, Deopled only by an ardent imagination. ‘ne evening is poetry and joy, the oy toil and rage. That night we arrived at the well. THE DESERT HOME. OF EL BOK. El Bok isa Leyte of an Arab camp of twenty scattered familiies, The habitation for shelter is simply a mat made of palm leaves, staked to the ‘ound and shored up by a centre pole, making the height about three feet. The family craw! under this shelter during rains. Ali the family pioperty is generally kept thereunder, consisting of a bottie ot grease, a pack of amulets, several races (bowls) for milk and skins of animals. We had many visitors at El Bok. Our principal guests were the members of the Napoleon family, 80 named because of the resemblance of the scion to the Little Corporal. He always brought with him his two sisters, Fatima and another, whose name I forget. Fatima was Seer, beautiful, with the face ot the Ma- donna, and was very neatly attired in the long cot- ton garment of the Bicherines, But with all her clothes her person was not more concealed than a slightly veiled Venus. She was bare-footed and .bare-headed, and certainly withal the most beauti- ful Arab girl 1 had ever seen. Her teeth were pearls. All of the Arabs, men and women, have fine teeth. They occupy about two hours ever: day in cleansing them with racki wood, abundant here, and they and = drink nothing imjurious to them, Fatima ad- mired a bottle which I had in the tent, and which had formerly been in the service of ‘mixed pickles.” Of course I gave it to her, and nothing coulda exceed her joy. A bottle 1s money here. You can buy anything with one, and so highly is the article esteemed further south that the pride of the family is always named after the word “glass,” whatever the translation may be in the numerous dialects, THE DESERT POPULATION. The condition of the nomadic Arab tribes, taken as a unit, is not good. They have been robbed by their sheiks and by the government officers, and now they complain bitterly. Each tribe, besides its chief sheik has hundreds of sub-sheiks who govern the villages and roving squads. The rule is cruel and oppressive—the authority almost abso- lute. The Arabs still kick secretly against the government, cut down its telegraphs, attack travellers and then escape to the mountains. From the best authorities here I have tried to tabulate the population of the Arabs, and the re- sultsi give are only approximate. No census or even estimate has ever been made. Among all the Arabs of Upper Egypt the Schur- keriehs are the most famous for their dromedaries ; the Hadendowas for their camels and cattle; the Bicherines for swift hygeens also; while the Ababdahs are accomplished in almost all the Arab arts. The Hadendowas are the richest, for it is among them that the cotton bas begun to grow, and money is now flowing into the country. The Peo] les are estimated to number— ladendowa Arabs Refaha el Hooh.. 150,000 (lat. 15 deg.)... 250,000 Refaha ah Shak.. 100,000 Bicherine. .. Gahanah... Schurkerieh Doh-hal-noh. sword hunters) 20,000 Basen, Barea, Ma- e +++ 100,000 where, ot - 180,000 counted........ 300,000 +, 200,000 ion the Dongolowie probably count 300,000, This curious people are neither. negroes nor Egyptians nor Arabs. The best proofs indi- cate that they come from the neighborhood of ‘Tunis, They are strong, cunning and avaricious, ‘They, however, claim thetr parentage in Yemen. An Arab tribe changes its numbers but slowly. Since the flood of Arabs from Asia began to flow into Africa few have returned, save ona ta, bt age to ina or Mecca, The Soudan has been recruited trom the Hedjaz, Yemen, Aden and Bagdad. Of course the Arab aristocracy comes from the Hedjaz, and tt is not rare to find a sheik claiming direct descent from Mohummed. The Ha- dendowa Arabs resembie Jews both in person and character. Formerly Abyssinia extended into the country they now occupy, and it is probable that some Jewish blood exists among the people. The oldest living sheik is Aboo-Sinn, of the Schurkerieh (over one hundred Pye old), and the wisest; Aboo-Rof, of the Rajah Bt Hoo, the richest and plus canaille; Sheik Moosa, of the Hadendowa, the finest camel rider, who is reported to have rid- den from Xassala to Cairo, over fifteen hundred miles, in thirteen days; Sheik Wadzida, of the Dobin-i-nah, in Lennar, the boldest and bravest; Sheik Mahomet, of the Ababdahs, the most epi- curean, suave and bon-vivant. The famiy of Aboo- Sinn is the most numerous and rapacious, NATIONAL WEALTH AND ;OURCRS, Upon the Serritory occupied by these Arabs are found gold, all Kinds of building stones; hard woods, irom mithosa to ebony; Coffee, cotton, We kaye cacd to Lave pear wa bag GAP of, o™red WIGRTY MRUCGN bua Gh HOQIAUIGin tes bo git peber mre dye beers teases, | guaiatition vnioh 7 ids gn inferior quinine ; fine lands ens ee eatetor ot I rid; lovely oases and almost absolute pendence. ee What have they done arith eis tanerte. ance provinces Sennar has the brightest itu neraan be produced all ‘the marvels of India. Already the population work gold into the exquisite jewelry of and Geneva and straw Sa tite nee an pt ro aa and dural Bs negroes the shores of the White Nile are, however, far Superior in their workmanship to those tribes in close contact with civilization. THE DRSKRT JOURNEY, We stayed at El Bok a day and a half enjoying the society of the regent mily, the members of which were very civil in supplying us with ful milk; and at three o'clock, 1, we started for Awy-Yan, situated in the mountains, one day's march from Kokreb, Near midnight, and while we were still under way, a storm came up and we lost our way. We set fire to the patches of dry grass and soon an immense sheet of flame snot up to the skies, and before an hour's time the caravan had found us. In hunting this precaution often be- comes necessary to scare off the Arabs who might attack your camp. Our guides were always on foot, and though we offered to mount them they refused from motives of pride. Hussein, who ac- companied our advance, always had a severe and tedious journey. He supported fatigue with ex- traerdinary good nature. The mercury stood in the shade at 115 degrees; the scorching sun beat down upon his bare head, and yet he rarely fell behind our camels on a trot. These men are vastly superior to the lazy fellows on the Korosko desert, and are true children of the desert. All the Bicherines have a contempt for the white man, whom they say is “uncooked in his mother’s belly." On July 2 we entered a most beautiful country, 8,000 feet above the level of the sea, situated in the bosom of a cluster of stupendous basalt cliff’. The verdure was fresh from recent rains, and the air was deliciously soft and balmy. From that hour until.the day before arriving at Suakin the climate was charming. At sundown on the 2d we began to penetrate (he mountains to reach the third beehr eo along the route. The path was rocky and langerous, and after @ serpentine course of an hour, climbing with our camels into strangely out- of-the-way positions, we sought repose on a of sharp stones situated on a plateau 1,000 yards from the well. The following day we had another steep and dangerous ascent to make, after which we emerged upon a plain leading to the great mountains of Kokreb in the distance. Of Kokreb Thad formed an extravagant idea. From all the descriptions I expected to find a paradise, ft alone Jor angels. We were sadly disappointed. The approach to Kokreb is over a vast plain toa high Promontory, throwing a aeep shadow over a great extent of country to southward. After Tains and high winds we again camped during. the eat of noon in a_ beauti- ful patch of verdure, where we found Arabs and sheep. It struck me that this country would be @ most valuable ground wherein to carry on a series of meteorological observations, In the course of an hour the wind blows from all points of the compass; terrible cyclones he sand ow yy and form lofty sand spouts, which sail over the desert like an interminable mast, To eastward there may be rain; to westward there may be rain, and yet. you may occupy a square mile un- touched by the storm. island in the tempest, Away on the mountain tops streaks of water corru- gate the skies; black clouds settle like storm gods to guard the irrigation, and the torrents swell into streams and the streams into rivers, which jn a week's time leave but a dried water course abd a stagnant pool as relics of the storm. ' These moun- tains form the sources of no rivers; the tnirsty sands swallow all before a stream can cut a path- way either to the Nile or to the Red Sea, At Kokreb we found no Arabs, nothing. It is here that the route enters a narrow gorge, some- times following a torrent bed, sometimes piercing a thicket of thorns, some times pushing over bare rocky mind, Such is the camel way to the resting place by the Red Sea. Passing through countries where we saw hundreds of horses, gazelles, ante- lopes and wild agses, some of which afterwards burdened our modest table, we reached Fekka Treek on July 6, where we again sat down to rest, The dog, Daboose (Needle), here amused himself by endeavoring to tear an aged Arab woman to pieces, which made some little excitement among the Arabs who had come to visit our camp. The next day we continued our march to Suakin, travelling as much as possible in the night time. Going through this ravine is very annoying. Thorns tear what small fragments of clothing you may have left aftera long African voyage, and your skin, Al peeled by the sun, is rent also by the shrubs, At the end of the journey iny whole body was burned through my linen clothes and drawers, and [ am now pnsereong, the charming expericuce of being “parked.” THE WELOOME SKA. On July 9 the Red Sea came suddenly in view, a narrow sheet of silver appearing to border the sandhills of the coast. We were happy. The sainted family of pilgrims who had accompanted us from Berber were more exhausted, particularly the women. The husband, with admirable seli-negation, had ridden the camel the whole 270 miles, while his wife and daughter had walked every step. This ntricity of the Egyptian caused several little disputes, in which the wife would strike the hus- band, but which he always decided by mounting and riding of, Weentered Suakin at sunrise on the 11th of July after a painful voyage. SUAKIN, THE SEAPORT OF THE SOUDAN, The view of the city from a ‘distance is exceed- ingly beautiful, ‘The town 1s built upon an f#lund, and was a Turkish possession in the last century. ‘The Viceroy purchased it from the Sultan for $125,000, and it is now the aeakoas of the Soudan, Its future must be great. Already the wharves and piers are loaded with cotton; a telegraph runs down to Kassala, and the Bicherene and Haden- dowa Arabs are settling a large city on the con- tinent. The houses, built of coral, are lofty and creditable to the commerce of the port. The heat is terrible, the thermometer standing at 120 de- grees, and sometimes running higher. Munzinger Bey is the Governor, with this capital at Massowah. This gentleman isa native of Swit- zerland and came to Africa thirty years ago as a savant and travelier. He speaks thirteen lan- guages; is honest and thorough. It was he who conducted the British army to Magdala. His wife is an Abyssinian princess of rare beauty and graces. As I leave for Massowah to-morrow to visit his Excellency, I shall speak of him fully here- after. Captain Rugeby, an English electrician, has shown us many kind attentions here, where everyday comfort and a glass of “pale ale’ are worth more to the tired traveller than “the free- dom of the city in a gold box.” Suakin sustains a petty commerce with Jedda, Suez and Massowah, which is reputed to be “within a quarter ‘of an hour of hell;” and the Viceroy has sent here colossal engines and boilers to be moved to the banks of the Atbora for the de- grainage of cotton. A few more seasons and it is believed that all the steamers plying the Red Sea will touch here for goods and passengers, who are now obliged to hazard the transit to Suez on the deck of an Egyptian sarcophagus. INFORMATION AND ADVICE GRATIS, As a final word let me say no one should visit the Soudan as a traveller without a stout heart, a definite purpose and a rigid self-control. He should | be able to laugh at dangers and disappointments, | to smile under exhausting sickness and be per- | fectly easy under delays of months or years. [i he | be an hunter, better the sport in Abyssinia; aspiring to discover the Nile’s source: tter low Speke and Grant and leave from Zanzibar; it | willing to risk his all for the pleasure and reputa- tion that years of wandering in Africa will acquire him, there is no better land for search or contem- plation. But to those who start for the Upper Nile | with vague ideas and a broken blunderbuss I would say, “You willrue the dayof your depart- ure.” THE NAVY. oe The Forthcoming Report’ of Secretary Robeson, The annual report of the Secretary of the Navy is well advanced, the chiefs of bureans preparing the matter pertaining to their several departments for Mr. Robeson to digest and arrange upon his | return from his political tour. The report, which will be in print within three weeks, will be fall and | explicit and contain new and important sugges- tions for the consideration of the naval committees of Congress. The strength and condition of our present navy, the composition, distribution and service of the various squadrons, the ship-canal surveys and the Polar expedition, will be topics of the report, and will show little variation from the report of last year. The interest in the coming re- port will turn upon the Secretary's discussion of our future requirements. _ The last yearly estimates submitted to Congress called for $20,000,000, and those in preparation amount to about $1,000,000 more. No addition to the naval force has been made during the year, nor will the forth- coming estimates attempt anything higher than making good the wear and tear of the fiscal year, | to begin next July. The bill for constructing ten | steam sloops-of-war is before the House Naval Com- | mittee, and its friends outside the Navy Depart- ment will press for immediate action, so that Con- | gress Will have an early occasion to assume the re- sponsibility of deciding whether or not the navy shall further decline, and the Secretary will not attempt to prejudge the matter by oifering esti- mates for construction of new vessels, But the necessity of doing something will nevertheless be urged in his report, and he will endeavor to aid | Congress in forming a judgment by pointing out what the needs of the country are in respect to its navy, and how they can be best supplied. As we are not to have any more ocean combats, with hostile fleets arrayed in line of battle, our future Necessities relate only to the protection and de- velopment of our commercial interests abroad aud the defence of our ports at home. Being distant from powertul nations, and therefore compara- @ great Meet tike that of Fn; Pranoe, can safely leave other Powers to’ wore ol tee costly problems of armor plate agains and aude heir decision. fa other the premds nem borne armor 5; im sl ive pg aa ry . Our naval constructors ri existing iron-ciad fleets aa costly failures: Sed cone sider that the establishment of the practicabinty of putting and exploding a torpedo under a mov- ing vessel by means of a fast subaqueous torpedo boat reduces the iron-clad {serge 0 & matter ot no prgctee consequence. But, whatever the tute of iron-clads and torpedoes, we want cruisers for the protection of our commerce and peoplé abroad, and this want is immediate. There are veaseta enough on paper, but too few aflout, and those im lal numbers wearing out aud becoming obsolete and useless. Our squadrons abroad are too smail to afford by division the necessary surveillance exercised by other maritime Powers over their in- terests in foreign countries, and American mer- chants are too often left without protection frou their own flag, and glad to accept favors from ‘lish, French or German war vessels. According cretary Robeson we need new types of cruis- ing vessels, with improved and economic ma- chinery. Vessels of medium size and easily handled, wilh heavy batteries of from eight te twelve guns on steady platforms, and of good speed under steam, are the good fighting ships es- sential to our immediate service. Everything ef minor importance, even toa reduction in number of the guns, should be subordinated to a speed of fifteen knots under average favorable conditions. The only bureaus that lave increased their eati- mates are those of Construction and Repair and of Ordnance. The former bureau wants an extra $500,000 in patching up the existing navy, as the vessels will have an additional year’s decay LS them by the time the appropriation is avail ¥ and the Ordnance Bureau desires to continue tha experiments with torpedoes for harbor defence, considering the fortifications . to be worthiexs under the modern conditions of warfare and the money spent on them as squandered, On this latter point, however, the army enginee: who are busy with modifications of the seac defences, will claim the right to be heard in the re- port of the Chief of the Corpa Engineers, THE NATIONAL BOARD OF TRADE CRITICISES ——_- To THe EpIroR oF THE HERALD :— Stmm—Every citizen of this Republic is interested in the proceedings of this important body, and will rejoice in every expression which gives evidence af its wisdom and enterprise. Such a body of men, representing the commercial, shipping, transporta- tion and industrial interests of the country, must necessarily collate and bring out for the future good & vast amount of useful information, calculated, if rightiulty used, to advance the general welfare of the whole nation. Hence the responsibility resting upon the National Board of Trade is very great. Every well-wisher of his country will extend hearty words of encouragement and criticise with torbear- ance. The original organization of this national inate tution was heralded with favor by the press and people, and when we remember its early promise we yet hope from this institution great iuture use- fulness, and from this standpoint we propose te speak of a few points to which our attention haa been called during its recent annual session in this city, Lt came out during this session that out of about eighty Chartered Boards of Trade and Chambers ot Commerce in the United States only about thirty were actually represented in this annual theeting, and from examination of ita last annual report only about twenty-four were represented at St. Louis in 1871. In looking over its proceedings we tind that of the thirty-two original bodies which united in founding this institution in 1868 the following have with- drawn or omitted to send delegates to this annual meeting :—The Mitwaukee Chamber of Commerce, Cleveland Board of Trade, St. Paul Chamber of Commerce, Dubuque Provision Exchange, Denver Board of Trade, Charieston Board of Trade, Albany Board of Trade, Peoria Merchants’ Exchange, Pittsburg Board of Trade, St. Louis Merchants’ bx- change, Toledo Board of Trade and Wilmington Board of Trade, It is a noticeable fact this year that but two cities on Lakes Erie snd Ontario had representation, while but one city east of the great industrial States of Pennsylvania and Ohio were represented, and but one city repre- sented trom the entire Pacitic coast. In the course of the proceedings we were sorry to hear the atare- meut from one of the committee that tive or six others, for some cause, had‘intimated their intea- tion to withdraw. It is complained that one of the original pur- poses of this organization has been almost ignored, and the circumstance of no repre tion of the industrial interests or voice in iti nual meetings is mainly due to the fact that but chartered institutions are admitted to member- ee in the National Bourd. ihe original questions to which it was proposed “to secure the proper consideration and motuve for the organization of the National Board” were stated to be “The financial, commercial and tn- dustrial interests of the country at large.” It was therefore one of the reasons why popular fuvor was originally extended to this institution that these three great interests would meet and canvass to- gether—great interests that necessarily belong to- gether and must have joint consideration betore any recommendation for the general good can be- come an intelligent guide to Congress or the gov- ernment. ; Admitting that, however constituted, this body must have and has among its members truly great men—able, experienced and practical, and whose judgment would be entitled te very high consideration—y we see a large number of mere men of ‘iness, not versed in general political economy; but they swell the list to make a majority vote. Is it, there- fore, surprising that a body thus limited aud con- stituted should find its recommendation upon # most important question to have been radically er- roneous and the necessity for reversing tt withim one year forced upon them by an inexorable law * It was stated inthis meeting that the govern- ment had acted upon the recommendations of the National Board of Trade, e in 1871, at St. Louis, in contracting the to lions during the past year. 5 sions and earnest condemnations of the policy which had thus induced the government to cony tract forty-five millions may not be seen by the pub» lic till a full report is published, but the resolution asking Congress to revise the entire national bank system was voted with great unanimity. While we hope to see this institution open its doors and widen its field of usefulness, we have no purpose to scatter its forces or weaken its power for att | that is useful, Myr, Frearly, its eminent Pre: tells us “it is on trial before this great country, and cherishes hope for its greater usefulness.’ ‘This sentiment will be shared by every lover ol his country. We, therefore, insist that a more general discus. sion and a wider range of interests must be em- braced in its conclusions before it can rightfully im that the recommendations it puts forth are national or a true guide either for Congress, the ¢ | administration or the general public, ‘The proposition for restoring the Canadian Reet- procity treaty, on condition of a canal enlarge- ment, by which our inland carrying trade shalt also be practically transferred to British bottoms, and at the same time outside of our own territor limits, is a scheme which proves that only # smati portion of the territory and diversitied interests of ths nation had a voice in its deliberation. What can more clearly demonstrate the ey of Congress or the people being guided by such @ sided body than this experience’ To-day the commercial men of our great cities are assembling outside of Boards of Trade to avert the threaten- ing financial crisis, by requesting Secretary Bout- to reissue this forty-five millions and reverse the forced upon the country through the pit inendation of the National Board of Trade. Does prove the necessity of revising: the basis on which the National Board is founded? The vacuum made by the withdrawal of this forty-five millions has been filled witu foreign capital, and how much the abstraction has contributed to force in time of profound peace the Bank of King- land to raise its rate of discount to six per cent we leave others to discuss, The inference is plain. If capital sia in demand here at twelve per cent, under a period of American contraction, English He op will not be content with three or four in ting- and. In connection with this financial question we are glad to notice one sensible conctusion of the National Board of Trade. Its resolution in favor of the repeal of all usury laws is wholly in the right direction, and will receive the thanks of not only the lender, but the borrower, upon whom they have always borne the hardest. These laws lave been a farce long enough—as weil fix a perma- nent price upon a pound of butter. May we not hope those who have this insti- tution in charge and desire to restore and establish its claim to public confidence as a National Board of Trade, designed, in the language of its organtza- tion, “to secure unity and harmony of action im order to secure the proper consideration of qtes- tions pertaining to the financial, commer industrial interests of the country at large," will either open its doors to admit representation of the industrial interests, or expunge that portion of its claim to public favor and consideration? HORACE A. DAY, DANGEROUS STABBING AFFRAY. A Fatal Result Feared—Ante-Moricm 4 Statement, Last Saturday Week & mansnamed Kurtz, living at 179 Duane street, and the nephew of John Dann, an aged German, became involved ina quarrel at hove number, during which Mr. Baan inter- fered to separate them, when, itis all@ged, Kurts seized a large butcher's knile, the edge of which be brought down upon Dann's right wrist. and aca. with so much force as to sever the muscles and tendons, thus inflicting a very dangerous wound. Since that time Mr Dann has been: under smrgical treatment and for a time he di¢ well, but a day or two since the pe aed became quite alarming, and the attending 1 yaician, fearing a fatal resuity, notified Corouer Keenan to take Dana’s ante- mortem statement, at his. residen 2 bide this not most bie tively safe’ from sudden attack, and en- tively free from danger of starving for supplies if blockaded 4 an enemy, we M2 WB WANG CRNA OF Gag Secretary, cegalg nard street. Kurtz, who was ar ed ab Lae tine of the marderous assault, ts stili in prison awaiting [tess aggeit al ad WACaN's SUS He