The New York Herald Newspaper, November 1, 1872, Page 6

N E Ww YORK K HERALD BROADWAY AND D ANN STREET. pectaniienpt digest JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR, AMUSEMENTS. TH THIS EVENING. BOWERY | THEATRE, Bowery. Aur AMANIA; OR, Gorn Map—ToRtLe Doves. GRAND OPERA HOUSE, “Twenty third st, and Eighth av.—Ror Canorre. be UNION SQUARE THEATRE, Broadway. between Thir- teenth and Fourteenth streets.—AGnes. OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway. between Houston and Bleecker ste. —Gunxvievs De BRABANT. FIFTH AVENUE THEATR Fux Roap ro Ror. WOOD'S MUSEUM, Broadway, corner Thirtieth: st.— ANGEL oF Mipxigut, 'Aiternoon and Evening. Twenty-fourth street,— Fourteenth street, near Third PA GERMANIA THEATRE N—MARTIN DER GEIGER. ay.—AbELAIpE—Dik Hei ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth stieet—Irauiay Drena—Don Grovannt. THEATRE COMIQUE, 514 Broadway.—Ixion ; on, Tax Man at tHe Wnxet, WALLACK’S THEATI: street.—PyGMmaLion anv (. roadway and Thirteenth BOOTH'S THEATRE, Twenty: third street, corner Sixth Avenue.—ARRAU NA Poour, — BRYANT’S OPERA HOUS: 6th av.—NxGRo MINSTRELSY, 718 BROADWAY, EMERS Exmiorian Eccentaicitirs, MRS F. B. CONWAY'S BROOKLYN THEATRE. Annan Na Pour. WHITE'S ATHENZUM, 585 Broadway.—Necro Mux- ETRELSY, &C, TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, No. 201 Bowery.— Granp Variety ENTERTAINMENT, dc. “Twenty-thind st.. corner ChN TRICITY, &C. MINSTRELS.—Grasp SAN FRANCISCO MINS’ corner of 28th st. and Broadw LS, St. James Theatre, Exuioviay MINSTRELSY, RAILEY'’S GREAT CIRCUS ANB MENAGERIE, ci Houston street, East River. DEN STONE'S CIRCUS AND MENAGERIE, foot of ‘Thirty-fourth street and East Rive: foot AMERICAN INSTITUTE ‘and 64th streets, NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— Scrence anv Art, DR. KATIN'S MUSEUM, No. 745 Brondway.—Anr AND bai ie R, Third av., between 634 ‘TRIPLE SHEET New ‘York, Friday, Nov. s 1872. | THE NEWS OF YESTERDAY. '‘To-Day’s Contents of the Herald. pes ETS EY “ALSACE AND LORRAINE! THE POLICY OF PRINCE BISMARCK: WILL IT BE A WEAK- NESS OR A STRENGTH TO GERMANY?” EDITURIAL LEADER—SIXTH Pace. HEART-SICKENING RECITAL OF THE TERRIBLE SCENES ON THE MISSOURI! A SECOND LIST OF THE LOST: ILL MANAGEMENY OF THE BOATS—SEVENTH Par. EUROPEAN CABLE NEWS! ITALIAN DISTRESS AND EFFORTS IN THE PO INUNDATION: THE PRUSSIAN DIET DEADLOCK: A FRENCH GENERAL FOSTERING PATRIOT- ISM—SEVENTH Pace. THE EQUINAL MALADY! DEATHS PROGRESS OF THE CONTAGIO: THE OXEN—EiauTa Pace. ALSACE AND LORRAL THE BATTLEGROUND OF TWENTY CENTURIES DE: D! GER- MAN POLICY AND WAR ON FRENCH COM- MERCE—FvvRTH PAGE. BISH’S DEFENCE OF THE ANGLO-AMERICAN ARBITRATION COMMISSIONERS! HE DE- NIES THE RECENT ASSERTION OF SIR STAFFORD NORTHCOTE: HIS SUPPORT- ERS—THIRD PaGE. wave SULSS—KINGS CUBAN, NEWS PERS ePORT «OF THE WEATHER BUREAU—SEVENTH PaGE, LEGAL PROCEEDINGS! MAYOR HALL’S CASE GIVEN TO THE JURY: RING SUITS: THE MODERN CHSAR: CORPORATION ADVER- TISING—FirTH PaGE. OPERATIONS IN THE WALL CHANGES! EXPANDING GOLD AND STOCKS ADVAN TICS—NINTH Pace. SCIENTIFIC WORK IN 1HE FE" BRANCH OF THE JEWELRY BUSINESS! THREE BIG JOBS BY A FORMER CONVICT: ONE LOCK EXPERT TOO MANY—Etcutu Pace. LOOKING BOTH SIDES THE CHASM IN THE EMPIRE STATE! AGGRESSIVE POLICY OF THE REPUBLICANS: A BUCOLIC BUNSBY— THIRD Pace. DISAGREEMENT AND DISCHARGE OF THE JURY IN THE JERSEY CITY BANK C. + WILLIAMS’ INCARCERATIO: OF THREE ACCOMPLICES. EXECUTION OF JENKINS, THE MULATTO W1 vIFE MURDERER HIS CRIME, TRIAL AND “CONVERSION” —Tuirp Pace. QENQUEST IN THE FOURTH WARD BANNER ‘ HOMICIDE—THE BALTIMORE- ATLANTIC CHAMPIONSHIP GAME—Tenta Pace. DEATH OF JOHN A. GRISWOLD—ALL SAINTS! FESTIVAL—SHIPPING NEWS—Tenra Paar. RELIGIOUS LIBERTY IN THE HOUSE OF REF. UGE! SHARP CRITIQUE ON THE OFFI- CIALS—SHOCKING .SUICIDE—Fourru Page, ENJOYMENTS OF OUR INDIAN VISITORS—HOR- RIBLE ACCIDENT—E1cutn Pace, BUSINESS AT THE NATURALIZATION BUREAU— ELECTION POOLS—THE CITY JUDGESHIP— THIRD PacE. ERDAY: WORK OF STREET EX- GREENBACKS: : POOL TAC- Tue Jomr Hic Comsussion we believed to lie among the things that were, but Secre- tary Fish gives warning to the world that fts miserable ghost will not be allowed to yest, The stupid farce which culminated jat Geneva is to be played over again in some of te minor particulars, if we are to judge by the on the Sir Stafford Northcote contro- which has been prepared by the Secre- of State, and an epitome of which we blish in another column. We are glad, » to learn on the authority of the gentlemen concerned in the matter Sir Stafford’s statement at Exeter, claiming jan understanding to have been had that the United States would not present any direct claims for arbiration, is wholly ithout foundation. What Sir Stafford and colleagues may have imagined on the tter we do not care to examine; it we are pleased, even at this late to learn that our side of the question was the right. At the time of the discussion we for just such o rejoinder, and can say that its delay until the eve of Presidential election is not creditable to Georetary or just to the other gentlemen honor and veracity were impugned by Englishman. Its publication now may serve guide some historian of the future when endeavors out of the tortuousness of our y's diplomacy to find the facts in the ase, although it will never alter the verdict f the present or the future on the bungling nd backsliding which were so noted in ite onduct, Alsace and Lorraine—The Polloy of Prince Bismarck—Will It Be a Weakness or ao Strength to Ger- many? We print this morning a letter from our staff of correspondents in Alsace and Lor- raine, giving an exact narrative of singular events now transpiring in that renowned and interesting country. Our letter, or rather report, is a condensation of many reports gathered by correspondents in different parts of the territory, reserving so much of the nar- rative as might be interesting to American readers, and presenting it in a narrative and historical form. And certainly few chapters in the marvellous history of this romantic century will be read with the interest which attaches to the story of the exodus from Alsace and Lorraine. It would be folly to approach a question of this moment with any of those sentimental feelings which many of our statesmen apply to foreign politics, and especially to the rela- tions between France and Germany. We may denounce the Germans as tyrants and ridicule the French as an effeminate and dying race. We should be unjust in either judgment. The German nation cannot be dismissed with the sentence we should pass upon the Romans who burned Jerusalem, or the Turks who destroyed the Library of Alexandria. Nor can we call a nation that has shown the activity and financial stréngth of France an effeminate race. The Germans are astonishing Europe by their skill in war, their enterprise in peace, just as France has again and again astonished Europe in more auspicious epochs of her his- tory. The American people have watched with solicitude and gratification the various steps by which the house of Hohenzollern has made Prussia one of the great Powers of the world and bound around its throne all the cle- ments of the fatherland. The patience, the courage, the veracity, the foresight, the pru- dence, the inexorable and widely-reaching dis- cipliue and drill, the sagacity to adopt every means of science, experience and art, the wis- dom to insist upon universal education as tho only sure foundation of a nation’s strength— all of these qualities we have observed in the rulers of Prussia since the time of the great NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, adventure, or, as they como to America, to find easier means of livelihood. But here are men flying from a country which is strong to a country which is weak; from comfort and kindness and protection under one ruler to exile and uncertainty under another; giving up home and business and prosperity for the insecurity of emigration. Within the last three months two hundred thousand persons have left Alsace, and it is not too much to say that but few of them succeeded in leaving without making sacrifices that may embitter and harden their whole way through life. Nor do we see that the Germans have given them any motive for leaving, beyond the fact that they are conquerors of the territory. It is not that they have found the Germans tyrants, but that their heart and home are with France. It is impossible not to be moved by the spectacle of this patriotic devotion to France. And there must be something in French rule, that it can take a province that two hundred years ago was German and in many parts of which eyen now German is only spoken, and make it as French as Normandy or Cham- pagne. No one who loves his country can hesitate to honor this love of country, and we are not surprised to learn that it has created profound emotion , throughout Germany. Princé Bismarck has pressed on to the achieve- ment of high ends—the consummate master of the policy which his admirers regard as the policy of “blood and iron.'’ We readily con- cede that the political and commercial results attained by this annexation are worthy of his genius and toil, worthy of the extraordinary efforts and sacrifices of Germany. But we cannot overlook the shock which has been given to the traditions, teachings and ideas of the age—the age of universal suffrage, emanci- pation and nationalities—and it may be that Prince Bismarck has paid too great a price for what he has gained. Many not these provinces be a weakness rathor than a strongth, an unhealthy, ulcerous member, draining life from the body of the Empire and giving no return? And is it not possible that Prince Bismarck, or more likely his successor, may find that what he fondly regards as the crown- ing stone of his mighty Empire may, in the hour of German extremity, prove a burden too grievous to be borne? Frederick. have achieved the astounding success which culminated at Sedan, and that they should have given us in Prince Bismarck the largest historical figure the world has seen since the fall of Napoleon. We are not, therefore, surprised to see, as is so clearly explained in our letter from Nancy, that there underlies the annexation of Alsace and Lorraine on the part of Ger- many profound principles of statesmanship. We have all along known that the annexation of Metz was a strategic measure, and that con- siderations of military prudence led to the reservation of Thionville and the country bordering on Luxemburg. We have heard with interest, but without paying much atten- tion, the rhapsodies and fine poetic fervor about Alsace and Lorraine returning to the arms of bereaved Germania, who has mourned for them so long. But a still higher consid- eration seems to have actuated Prince Bis- marck. He has left sentiment to the journals and poets, His plans now show the unfold- ing of a scheme that has long been a favorite measure of Prussian diplomacy—the creation of a German route from the North Sea to the Adriatic and the severance of France from any commernial dew:- ‘-— ves suutnern Germany. Nonaideei the importance of the overland route to the East—an impor- tance that increases every day—we see that to acquire such a route independent of France is to strike a blow at the commercial supremacy of that nation more terrible than the indemnity or the military results of the campaign of 1870. Prince Bismacrk has suc- ceeded in doing this. By the annexation of Alsace he has direct communication with Ant- werp and Ostend. He can compete with France in all carrying trage. He puts his hand upon England's route to India. And when the St. Gothard tunnel through the Alps is finished the supremacy of Mont Cenis tunnel will be at an end, and he can travel from the North Sea to the Adriatic with- out seeing the French flag. Add to this the unchallenged control of the Rhine, and it will be seen that Holland becomes to Germany what Louisiana before President Jefferson's time was to the United States. The Missis- sippi River was an American stream, and yet France, a foreign nation, held its mouth. We contended that this should not be, and ob- tained control of the river by purchase. The Rhine is a German river, and Holland holds its mouth. Prussian statesmanship will seck @ way to overcome this, and well will it be for peace if it can be done by purchase. By the building of this tunnel Bismarck cements the Prussian alliance with Italy and renders unne- cessary the traditional dependence of that in- teresting kingdom on France. With Belgium on the north, behind which is the power of England; Spain on the South, under a Prince of the House of Savoy; Germany on her frontier and Italy a Savoy kingdom under German protection, France will be- isolated from political as well as commercial influence in Enrope. We recognize the supreme wisdom of the statesmanship which has attained these re- sults. And yet it is not without pain that we read this story of the annexation of Alsace and Lorraine, It is not too much to say that the civilized world looks on in grief and amaze- ment at the scenes now taking place in that unhappy land. The rigid, unrelenting course of Prussia was to be expected. Prussia is even more severe to her own people than to the Alsatians. But no one expected—and certainly from a people as feeble and trifling as the French are said to be—such an extra- ordinary manifestation of patriotism. Fields abandoned; places of business closed; work- shops idle; families turning their household gods into money and swarming over the frontier; fathers of families leaving homes that they and their ancestors have occupied for centuries; resisting temptations, blandish- menta, kindness, offers of sid and security— fiecing from the sway of mighty and triumph- ant Germany to cast their lot with dishonored and beaten France. This is not the first exodus history records. Men have left their homes for the sake of liberty of conscience, and crossed the angry, pitiless, mid-Winter seas for freedom to worship God in their own way, Men have been driven from their homes by persecution, or to avoid threatened perse- cution, Men have gone forth in @ spirit of It is only fitting that they should | The Progress of New York. Ina late speech Abraham R. Lawrence, one of the candidates for the Mayoralty, speaking of the progress of New York, said: —‘In my own short life I have seen it increase from a cont- paratively small city—so small, indeed, that it might have been called a village—until it be- came the great metropolis of our country, in which not only you and I, but the people of this whole United States take an interest. And I believe, in order to carry it on in this grander and more modern style, and promote its prosperity, you need men at the head of the administration who will recognize these facts.” Thisis an appreciation of the situation in which every onlightened citizen will concur. We owe the sudden greatness of our city to the unceasing energy which has been the dis- tinguishing characteristic of our community. While the Rip Van Winkles of the country were still dreaming the busy minds and bold hearts that congregated in New York from every land, and every race, built up the great- ness, wealth and influence of the city until they made it the metropolis of a continent. The history of the growth of New York will ana dow wond Hie- ~ @tey wie; DUt, Wonderful as its progress has been in the past, there is before us a still more brilliant future, if only we display the same enterprising spirit which marked the men to whose genius we owe the prosperity we at present enjoy. It is by broad and generous measures of public improvement that the commercial in- terests of a great city are best served; for though private enterprise ought to be allowed full and free scope there are certain works of general utility which in the nature of things must be carried out at the public expense. Any delay to fulfil this duty has in all cases the effect of cramping private speculation and circumscribing the area of general activity. Unfortunately the obvious truth of this prop- osition does not strike certain narrow-minded individuals in the community, who seem ca- pable only of calculating the expense of an undertaking, no matter how useful or de- sirable it may be, without being able to recog- nize that in a short time the investment more than repays itself. These Rip Van Winkles would be only too happy to stop the wheels of progress and set the city back twenty years if they could show that by so doing they would have a million or two more greenbacks locked up in the Treasury safes. They never calculate the immense loss which must re- sult from impeding or checking the pros- perity of a great mercantile city which can never remain stationary, but must progress or decay. We do not believe that the citizens will place men in power who are likely to adopt a reactionary policy, for while it is well to reduce public expenditure when money is being spent without any adequate return, it is altogether another question when an attempt is made to save some few thou- sands of dollars by abandoning works of great public advantage. What we desire to see in- troduced into the city government is a wise supervision of the outlay, which will rather encourage than check the expenditure of large sums on such works as may contribute to the beauty, tho health and the prosperity of the city. And whatever steps may be taken in this direction will receive the unfaltering support of the public. But we must not allow our city to be converted into a Sleepy Hollow under the pretence of enforcing measures of a wise economy. Whatever faults our city rulers may have committed in the past, they at least earned the gratitude of New Yorkers by their broad and liberal views on city improvements. But, though much has been accomplished, work not less important or necessary remains to be done before large outlays of public money can be stopped with advantage to the welfare of the city. We have on many occasions called attention to the want of rapid transit, and the necessity for the adoption of some of the schemes which have been from time to time suggested has forced itself during the past week on the notice of every inhabitant of the city. Whether we adopt the viaduct scheme, or the underground railway, or the elevated track, makes no real difference, so long as passengers are enabled to reach any point of the city rapidly and conveniently. The advantages of having the transit system of the city undef the charge of the authorities are so great that the city government ought not to hesitate to un- dertake the building of the necessary rail- roads. The present absurd system, which makes Westchester county practically a foreign State, cannot be continued. It would be intolerable. It is, therefore, clearly the interest of the people to construct railways, which they will own, rather than allow speculators to build them for private profit. There can be no doubt that financially any reasonably well managed city line would be an immense success, even under existing con- ditions of population. But the establishment of such means of communication as we urge would have the effect of keeping within the city limits thousands who now seek homes elsewhere. And the additional facilities for the transaction of business would exercise such a beneficent influence on the growth of the city that in a few years we should look back with the same feeling of gratified pride on our progress as do old New Yorkers to-day. With such incentives to the election of able and competent men to the direction of city affairs, it will be a lasting disgrace if we do not choosé for Mayor a man of broad and liberal views, who is capable of appreciating the wants of a great community, and who has the vigor of character to inaugurate and carry through works of great public utility. The Roumanian Jews—The Coloniza- tion Scheme. As announced in the Heratp of yesterday, a letter has been received at the General Land Office, in Washington, to the effect that a move- ment is on toot, the object of which is to settle a colony of Roumanian and Continental Jews in the United States. It appears that a com- pany has been organized to encourage and superintend the exodus. The company is in possession of a paid-up capital of one million five hundred thousand dollars. It is intended to settle in this country some eight thousand families, numbering in all not fewer than forty thousand persons. The question, as presented to the Land Office, is whether the United States government will extend to the company a title to a tract of land—say two hundred and fifty thousand acres—it being the intention of the company to forma distinct and separate settlement, composed entirely of the sons and daughters of Israel. The answer given by the Acting Commissioner is that there is no law providing for such a disposal of the public lands. The whole question thus opened up is of large scope a. of deep and general interest. The condition of the Israelites in Eastern Europe has long been a scandal to the civil- ized nations. Latterly the treatment to which they have been subjected in the Danubian Principalities has recalled the memory of the Dark Ages, when they were looked upon as the enemies at once of God and man, and when Christian governments, so called, con- sidered it first their privilege to rob them and then their duty to torture and destroy them. We can conceive of no more harrowing record of human suffering than would be a history of the persecutions of the Jews. In Spain, in the days of Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catho- lics, a decreas was issued expelling from Spanish territory every Jew who refused to deny his faith and declare him- self a Christian; and this harsh de- ree was rij rously executed. It was then that the Inquisition was established in Spain ; und it is stated on good authority that eight hundred thousand Jews were sent homeless and penniless into other lands. The same merciless policy was pursued by the Emperor Charles the Fifth, who was Emperor of Ger- many and master of large sections of Italy as well as King of Spain. Flee whither he might, the wor Jew could find neither home nor friend. The position of the son of Abraham was not one whit more comfortable in France ; and every reader of history remembers how in England the hidden treasures of the provident but persecuted race were discovered by the cruel process of plucking out their teeth. The French Revolution and the decrees of the First Napoleon were great gains to the Jew- ish people. Since then their condition has been greatly improved in all the great nations of the Old World; and in France, in Great Britain and throughout Germany the sons of the long down-trodden people have dis- tinguished themselves in all the learned pro- fessions, winning high places as statesmen and philosophers, and distancing all- com- petitors as masters of finance. In Eastern Europe, however, and particularly along the line of the Danube, they have remained in their originally wretched — condition as an outcast and accursed race. It was only on Wednesday last that, in the Lower House of the Servian Parliament, a motion was with difficulty rejected providing for the exclusion of Hebrews from the landwehr service. With the cruel treatment of the Jews in Roumania, and with the indignant remonstrances which have been addressed to the government of Prince Charles by the government of the United States and by all the leading govern- ments ‘of Europe, our readers are too familiar to permit us to enter into details. The won- der is that the Israelite in those semi-barbar- ous regions manages to maintain his existence. All things considered, we wonder not at all that the wealthier and more comfortable of the race should seek in some final and satisfactory way to make an end of all this suffering and sorrow. It is impossible for us to write in other than terms of approval of the company which has been formed for the purpose of affording re- lief to the suffering brethren of Roumania and other parts of Europe. Thatthey should have thought of the United States as the Promised Land for the children of this proposed new exodus was not unnatural. In these United States the Jew has literally found the Land of Promise, the land of the vine and the fig and the pomegranate—a land flowing with milk and honey. But if it must be admitted that this country is suited to,the Jew, itis, on the other hand, undeniable that the Jew is not un- suited to the country. If he gets he gives. If he has found a home he has sought to im- prove that home and adorn it. We have no more prosperous citizens; but to them pros- perity does not come as, the reward of indolence and ease. In all’ our large cities, and in almost every department of trade, they are to be found among our most active business men. None of our citizens are more peaceful and law-abiding. Of all the nationalities they are the most careful of and kind to each other. Seldom is a Jew found in our prisons; and when they are poor thev ara na cost to the community. a NOVEMBER 1, 1872.—TRIPLE SHEET. Most of our large cities owe much of their beauty to Jewish taste and Jewish wealth. Their residences are built and maintained on ; and their synagogues, for symmetery of structure and grace of adornment, put into the shade our finest Christian temples. It is no source of amazement to us that Israelites in increasing numbers should seek these shores ; but we bid them come and welcome. ~ The colonization scheme, however, we can- not approve of. It is not in harmony with the spirit of American institutions ; nor could it be advantageous to the Jewish settlers them- selves, They have prospered in this country, not because they have stood aloof from their Gentile brethren, but because they have freely mingled with them. Our laws know no man according to his religious belief ; and coloni- zation in the manner proposed would to a large extent rob the settlers of their citizen rights. Let the forty thousand persons come ; but let them scatter themselves over the coun- try as their brethren have done before them. As we have said, the concession of so much land for such a purpose would be unwise on the part of the.government, while it would be no gain, but-rather.a misfortune, to the immi-’ grants, The Low of the Missourt. Few additional particulars have been re- ceived concerning the terrible disaster which proved fatal to some seventy-six lives off the Island of Abaco, Bahamas, on the 22d ultimo, by the burning of the steamer Missouri. Ac- cording to the advices of the Atlantic Steam- ship Company we can hardly expect to know more of that dreadful scene before the arrival of the Morro Castle a week hence. The fated Missouri perished in nearly the same waters which were lighted only a few weeks before by the destruction of the Bienville. A sad pic- ture of inefficiency and entire lack of prepara- tion for such an emergency as the breaking out of a fire is presented by the meagre re- ports. We are told fire was discovered during broad daylight, when all the eighty-eight per- sons on board were wide awake, astir and in full possession of their wits. How could it be that the flames were not promptly put out? How was it that every one of the steamer's lifeboats was lost? ‘To both questions the answer is obvious. There was ng instruction and discipline in the ship competent to make the captain master of the ion, Doubtless he was a brave and faithful —he died with his ship—but his crew were not drilled so as to be useful in that supreme trial. A pas- senger had his own boat on the steamer. He had the courage, skill and presence of mind which enabled him to set it afloat and to save a dozen lives. If this disaster shall teach our steamship owners that, to meet the public de- mands, their officers and men must be exer- cised and instructed in the use of apparatus for quenching fire and saving life by launching and managing boats, rafts, floats and all arti- cles capable of affording aid, this terrible sacrifice of life will have wrought an improve- ment imperatively demanded. There were boats enough for all, and Inndy yas near ; but they were unskilfully thrown away at the cost of so many lives. All-Hallow E’en. Since the fourth century the Christian Church has hallowed the first day of Novem- ber as a festival in honor of all the angels and saints of heaven. Not only has All-Saints, or All-Souls Day, been observed by the Roman Catholic Church; it has had the recognition of the English and the Lutheran Churches as well. In the beginning of the seventh cen- tury Pope Boniface IV. dedicated to All Saints the Roman Temple of the Pantheon, which had been built by Marcus Agrippa, B. C. 25, in honor of all the gods, and the edifice re- ceived the Christian name of the Rotunda. From very remote times the evening before the 1st of November has been popularly es- teemed in England, Scotland, Ireland, France, Germany, in short, throughout Lurope, as specially under the dominion of all good sprites and fairies, as well as all devils, hob- goblins and other masters of mischief, who then, with many supernatural revels, haunt the atrial earth and celebrate their anniver- sary. Hallow E’en, or “Snap Apple Night,’’ was @n occasion of peculiar importance to love-lorn swains and maidens, and many curious games and traditionary customs cele- brated‘itsannual recurrence, These have come down to us, who are the heirs of all European ideas which contain enough of poetry or ro- mance to survive a voyage across the Atlantic. So many a merry home in our city last night saw plenty of frolic in family and social groups, of various races by descent, but all Americans. Strange rites and mystic were performed by the gay worshippers of fun. Cross-sticks, candles, nuts, raisins, coins, thimbles full of salt, mirrors, water, wine and many other things were conjured with by those who desired information from fate in re- lation to the uncertainties of love and matri- mony; and the occasion was made one of joyful reunion, something in the manner of our native American celebration of the Au- tumnal Thanksgiving. So the youths and maidens last night in New York kept customs and performed rites which, through the lapse of many centuries, have descended to us from Druidical times. To-day devotees of diver- gent dogmas will, with appropriate forms of worship, celebrate the day long ago conse- crated to the memory of All Saints by the Christian Church. Tar Dory or Every Ormzen who believes in reform—city reform and State reform and national reform—is very clear. In the evening, when his day's work is over, and in the morn- ing, before it begins, till Tuesday morning next, it is his duty to look over the lists of the can- didates up for his vote, for Mayor, for Alder- men, for Judges, &¢., and for Governor, State ticket and Assemblymen, and for Congressmen at Large and for all the other Congressional places to be filled; and last, though not least, let him inspect the. two sets of candidates for Presidential electors and their bearings. Let the independent voter be for himself a com- mittee of investigation upon all these candi- dates, and then let him vote for his own men, and he will have discharged his duty to, city, State and nation as it becomes 4 freeman or a freedman—reform or no reform. A Premium on THe Nores or Bnroxen, Banxs was a rather anomalous offer made in our advertising columns yesterday by a broker- age firm soliciting the currency of defunct banks, The explanation is that the notes can be used as a basis for the organization of new national banks ia districts where the quota of banking privileges is already filled up. Tho fact stands, therefore, that a national bank note is worth more if the bank be rotten than if the bank is sound. The Floods om the River PomA Stormy October in Both Hemispheres, From Rome we have despatches which inform us that, from the overflow of the river, the floods on the banks of the Bas) (which courses Italy above the boot top from: Mont Conis to the Adriatic Sea) have not abated ; that four thousand workmen are en- gaged night and day on the dykes, or levees, to confine the river, if possible, within its banks; that the damages caused to property and crops in Mantua and Ferrara are incal- culable; that in Ferrara alone forty thousand persons have been rendered homeless; but, that from all points relief is coming im to the suffering people. Farther, it ap- pears that many persons have been drowned, and that the Italian Minister of Public Works, who has gone to the scene of destruction, is superintending the work of relieving the distressed people. ‘The basin of the Po is the garden of Italy, and, from its fertile soil of ‘river bottom lands,” as we would call them, and from careful cultivation, is exteedingly productive. The periodical floods of the Po, which would otherwise regu- larly overflow its bottom lands in the lower river, are now kept in by its artificial embank- ments, except in cases like the present of unusually heavy freshets in the numerous tributaries which descend into the main stream from the Alps. Unusually heavy rains in the Alps, with an increased dissolution of the ice and snows of their lofty plateaux, peaks and ridges, are therefore the immediate causes of this inundation of the Po; and if these Oc- tober rains of Northern Italy have extended southward over the Apennines we shall next hear, no doubt, of another overflow from the Tiber at Rome. Next, recent despatches from London state that the weather in England and along her coasts has been tempestuous; and from several despatches of the same purport within tho last three or four weeks it appears that the month of October, 1872, has beet Yemarkable for” its heavy rains and storms in the United States, in the British Islands, and across the Euro- pean Continent to the Alps, and beyond them, to the Lower Danube. These general Autum- nal rains in both hemispheres are due to the same general causes or a operating upon the great equatorial current or currents of the Atlantic, from the Gulf of Mexico, the great rain boiler of the United States, to the tropical stream which is diffused around the British Islands. Astronomers tell us that the all-suffi- cient primary cause for this exceptionally rainy Autumn north of the Equator may be found in the tremendously increased heat of the sun, from its recently increased volumes of incan- descent magnesium. For the present, how- ever, the facts we have mentioned are partieu- larly interesting as evidences of the same gen- eral causes governing the fluctuations of the seasons, from the Rocky Mountains to the Alps. Lace in the United States, trom the groat Plains, if not from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic, and from the Gulf of Mexico to the Gulf of the St. Lawrence, we have just passed through some of the heaviest and most extensive Autamna! nor'easters known in this country for many years. Several snow storms, unusually heavy for October, have marked the weather reports of the month for the silver mountains of Utah, and doubtless these snows have cov- ered all the loftier peaks and ridges of the Rocky Mountain chain from Colorado up into the British possessions. This Autumnal sea- son, ina word, has been a remarkably stormy one in both hemispheres, within the latitudes of the United States; and while these abound- ing rains’ this season have saved us from a re- currence of those sweeping prairie and forest fires which were so disastrous in the Northwest this last October one year ago, the enormous downpourings from the Alps have flooded the most fruitful of the plains of Italy. We pre- sume, however, that these inundations have not been so disastrous hs to require from other , | nations a helping hand for the suffering Ital- ians. But if they want assistance from abroad, they have only to say so, and the American people will promptly respond, remembering the universal relief which came to Chicago and the foresters of Wisconsin last Autumn upon the wings of the lightning. Sovrnwarp THE Epimuirric Taxes Irs Way.—It has appeared in Pittsburg, Balti- more, and also in Norfolk and Portsmouth, Va. This is, indeed, startling, and looks as if it would traverse the entire Continent from North to South. In the city there were nearly os many deaths yesterday as on the day pre- vious, the total loss to us in horseflesh reach- ing probably three hundred animals. It will, of course, be understood that these are gen- erally the least valuable, as horses worth more than the average have been well cared for, and so escaped for the present the final fate that attends equines. On the other hand, outside of the wretched beasts owned by the car companies, this loss falls om aclass badly able to bear it. The trotting stock seems to have escaped thus far with very few cases of fsickness, Ix THe McWrizaas ( Case, x Jensey Cry, the jury disagreed yesterday, nine being un- derstood to stand for conviction and three for acquittal. The burglars who gave evi- dence against the Chief of Police and Detective Doyle of their alleged share in tha conspiracy to rob the bank received heavy sentences as a recompense for their devotion to the interests of the State, At Trentow they will have some fifteen years be- fore them to ponder over the sad treatment they experienced at the hands of an unappre- ciative community. It will bea sad warning to burglars generally to attend to their own business and not meddle in other people’s afftirs, We suppose the accused will be given the benefit of another trial, which they should hasten to claim, in order to give another jury a chance to come to a definite conclusion, As the case stands they must naturally feet rather confused on the question of their innocence or guilt. bs ohe Tue Frenoa Consenvatrvys DemonsrnaTe® in favor of a restoration of the monarchy at Bordeaux yesterday. The after-dinner speeches were significant. 'Thé conservatives wish. for an opportunity of toasting ‘ King and Princes of the Royal Family.” General Ducrot’s proclamation to hia tro stands, pointedly in the way. . /