The New York Herald Newspaper, July 2, 1872, Page 3

LIVINGSTONE. Herald Special from Central Africa. FINDING THE GREAT EXPLORER. Exciting History of the Successful Herald Expedition, Perils and Losses by Sickness, Hostile Tribes. and Jungle Disaster. Arrival at Unyanyembe---A Reign of Terror. MIRAMSO, KING OF UJOWA. ‘The Herald Carries the War Into Africa. ALLIANCE WITH THE ARABS. Two Villages Captured---The Natives Killed--- The Herald Commander Fever-Stricken. An Ambuscade by Mirambo—Slaughter and Flight of the Arabs. Rallying Under the Herald Leader and the Americax Flag. FORW ARD TO UJIJI. A Further Journey of Four Hundred Miles. IN SIGHT OF TANGANYIKA LAKE. A Triumphal Entry to Ujiji---Drums Beating and Colors Flying, THE MEETING WITH LIVINGSTONE. A Picture for History---The Grasp of the Two Explorers. " AXPLORATIONS BY DR. LIVINGSTONE ‘The Ohambezi the True " Source of the Nile. > ———_ TT IS NOT SUPPLIED FROM TANGANYIKA. Great Doctor to Remain The ' Two Years Longer. TELEGRAM TO THE NEW YORK HERALD, The following special despatch has been received from the Heratp correspondent in Lendon:— Lonpon, July 1, 1872, THE GLORIOUS NEWS. It is with the deepest emotions of pride and pleasure that I announce the arrival this day of letters from Mr. Stanley, Chief of the Henatp Exploring Expedition to Central Africa. I have forwarded the letters by mail. Knowing, however, the importance of the gubject and the impatience with which RELIABLE NEWS fs awaited, I hasten to telegraph a summary of the Henatp explorer’s letters, which are fall of the most romantic interest, while affirm- ing, emphatically, THE SAFETY OF DR, LIVINGSTONE, and confirming the meagre reports already sent on here by telegraph from Bombay and duly forwarded to the Heratp. To bring up the thread of THE THRILLING NARRATIVE where the last communication from him ended he proceeds with his account of the journey. It will be recalled that when last heard from ho had arrived in the country of Unyanyembe, after a perilous march of eighty-two days from Bagamoyo, on the coast, opposite the island of Zanzibar. The road up to this point had been in THE REGULAR CARAVAN TRACK, nd the journey was performed in a much shorter time than the same distance had been traversed by previous explorers, The expedi- tion ARRIVED AT UNYANYEMBE on the 23d of June, 1871, where he sent forward his communication. The caravan had need of rest, and it was necessary to refit while an opportunity was ut hand through the me- diuni of the Arab caravans then on their way to various points on the coast with ivory and slaves. The expedition had suffered terribly, but the heart of the Hxnatp explorer never Bave out. « THE TERRIBLE CLIMATE of the countries through which it had passed told on it even more than the difficulties of tho tribos at war among themselves and upon everything that pamo their way ond which Urundi CAST DIRECT MANEMEH or MANYEMEH S, ASSERTED LUCALITY | br Dr LIVINGSTONE} 4870-4, ge sin 1_-+SIERRA isa .MUXINGA. WWING STONE COUNTRY 130 they were in sufficient force to attack. The caravans met at the various halting places threw every discouragement in the way, which tended to destroy the morale of the expedition. SEEDY BOMBAY, however, the captain of the expedition, proved invaluable in controlling the disaffected, whether with tact ora wholesome display of force when necessary. THE INCESSANT RAINS, alternated with a fierce African sun, made the atmosphere heavy, charged with moisture, and producing a rank, rotten vegetation. In the mountainous regions which we traversed the climate was, of course, much better, and the result was that the expedition much im- proved in health. The miasmatic vapors and other hardships of the journey had played sad havoc with its number and force. THE TOTAL Loss up to this point by sickness had been one white man, two of the armed escort, and eight of the pagazis or native porters. The two horses had also succumbed, and twenty-seven of the asses had either fallen by the wayside and had to be abandoned or else the rascally native donkey leaders had allowed them to stray from the kraal at night. As a conse- quence, a considerable quantity of the stores were either lost or wasted, but the rolls of Merikani (American cloth)—for shukkah and doti—the beads and wire—had been as far as possible preserved, they being the only money in Central Africa, In July ALL WAS PREPARED TO MOVE through Unyanyembe ; but before long it was found that almost insuperable difficulties were interposed. The country there is composed of thick jungle, with large clearings for the cultivation of holcus. The utmost alarm and excitement were spread through the native vil- lages at THE EXPECTATION OF A WAR. The inhabitants were shy of intercourse, and it was with great difficulty that supplies could be obtained. A little further on the villages on either side of the track were found to be filled with Arab CARAVANS AFRAID TO ADVANCE and gathering together for security, The cause of all this alarm was soon discovered. The ku honga or blackmail levied by the head men of the tribes as a sort of toll for passage through their territories, had been inordi- nately raised in the Ujowa country by MIRAMBO, King of the Wagowa. Obstinate fights had "NEW YORK’ J /UZeanzaN G\_____ NuWINGS TONE FEBISG’7 ——— y)} Victoria i (MASHONDE yanza jf UR KITANGULE ‘ 3553Fr ABOVE S ea i : ‘ SAUANZA WH NAS wii, Ne SABAKI 20065 Fr. Z Wise KILMAND JARO § Sper ! RANG G CATION ent SENE NLIVINGSTONE 1869 tog Mare ygn2! R UNYAMW EZ1 ~ > \UNYAMYEMBE \KAZEN ney HERALD, TUESDAY, JULY 2, 1872. S EQUATORIAL AFRICA. The Mourtains, Lakes, Rivers and Routes of Exploring Parties. so too 200 kokora Oke > Ky (3 ere - VAS Sichiiitcsansac pees! ‘SOSA ‘ BEMBA4500F* PLA RAUorLOBISA already occurred in which small bands of his soldiers had been beaten, several being killed. He had, therefore, declared to the traders that no caravan should pass to Ujiji except over his body. The Arabs hereupon held a council and, finding themselves strong in fighting men DECLARED WAR ON MIRAMBO, The Heraup commander took part in this. The Arabs appeared to anticipate a speedy victory, and preparations for a jungle fight were accordingly made. The ammunition was looked to, muskets inspected and matchlocks cleaned. The superior armament of the Heratp expedition made their assistance a matter of great importance to the Arabs. THE HERALD GOES TO WAR. An address was delivered to the members of the expedition through Selim, the interpreter, and the forces, with the American flag flying, were marshalled by Captain Seedy Bombay. THE FIRST FIGHT. At daybreak on the day following, accord- ing to previous arrangement, the armed men were divided into three parties. The van- guard for attack, the rear guard as immediate reserve, and the remainder, consisting of the less active, were stationed with the impedi- menta and slaves in the kraals. The advance was ordered and responded: to with alacrity, and the first village where the soldiers of Mirambo were lying was at once attacked and speedily captured. The inhabitants were EITHER KILLED OR DRIVEN AWAY. Another village followed the fate of the first, and both were left in ashes before night- fall. The troops were wearied with the hot day’s work, but all were elate at their success thus far. The commander of the Hzratp expedition, on his return to camp, passed a sleepless night, and morning found him IN A HIGH FEVER. He was therefore obliged to remain in camp, and his forces refused to fight except under his lead. This weakened the Arab force con- siderably, and, although the dreaded Mirambo and his followers, thirsting for vengeance, were known to be in the vicinity, the day was passed in fatal inactivity. THE AMBUSH OF MIRAMBO, The third day seemed as if about to pass like the preceding, the Heratp commander still suffering from the fever, when shots were heard in the direction of the Arab kraals, and it soon became evident that the wily Mirambo had ambushed the Arabs. This, in effect, was the case, A superior body of natives, armed took refuge in the jungle. The fourth day brought with it the fruit of the disaster. The Arabs could not be prevailed on to renew the fight, and desertion and flight became the order of the day. Even the MEN OF THE HERALD EXPEDITION DESERTED, leaving but six with the commander. Miram- bo now threatened the town of Unyanyembe. By stupendous exertion the commander col- lected one hundred and fifty of the fugitives, these being convinced by their numbers, when collected together, that resistance was still possible, resolved to obey the commander. FORTIFYING FOR A SIEGE. With five days provisions on hand the hcuses were loopholed and barricades erected, videttes stationed and the defenders told off as well as their numbers, armament and morale could be individually depended on. THE AMERICAN FLAG WAS HOISTED, and the trembling inhabitants awaited the ex- pected attack. This, however, was destined not to come off, for, to the general delight, a Wanyamwezi scout brought in the joyful intelligence that Mirambo, with all his forces, had retired, not caring to risk an engagement, except in the jungle. Mustering what force was possible, the intrepid Herary commander then STARTED FOR UJIT, on the Tanganyika Lake, or Sea of Ujiji. The Arabs endeavored in vain to dissuade him from this, Death, they said, was certain to the muzanyu (white man) and his followers. This frightened the already demoralized pagazis and caused a serious loss to the expe- dition in the person of Shaw, the English sailor. Undaunted by the forebodings of ill and the losses by desertion, the caravan once more was on the march and pushed forward, BY ANOTHER ROAD, to the one where Mirambo and his Africans were awaiting the first caravan. This road lay through an untrodden desert, and caused A GREAT DETOUR in order to come again upon the caravan road in the rear of the Wajowa. No great mishaps were met with, and when the villages and cul- tivated fields of sorghum, and holcug were reached everything progressed favorably. AFTER A FOUR-HUNDRED-MILE JOURNEY the outlying portions of the province of Ujiji were reached. Word had reached the expedi- SCALEorENGLISH MILES 160 —TRIPLE SHEET. 250 OLE AN with muskets, assegais (spears) and poisoned | tion of the presence of Dr. Livingstone in the arrows, had suddenly burst upon the Arabs, A TERRIFIC SLAUGHTER ENSUED, which ended in the rout of the Arabs, who province within a recent period, and accord- ingly preparations were made for A TRIUMPHAL ENTRY INTO UJIJL. The pagazis who chanced to be unladen proceeded, beating drums and blowing upon Kudu horns, The armed escort fired salutes every moment, keeping up a regular feu de joie, and the American flag floated proudly over all. In the distance lay the silver bosom of Tanganyika Lake, at the foot of the stately mountains in the background, and fringed with tall trees and lovely verdure. It wasa won- derful relief to the pilgrims of progress. Be- fore them lay the settlement or town of Ujiji, with its huts and houses looking dreamily like a land of rest. THE ASTONISHED NATIVES turned out at the unwonted display, and flocked in crowds to meet them with deafen- ing shouts and beating of drums. Among the advancing throng was noticed a muscular group of turbaned Arabs. As they advanced still nearer ONE OF THE GROUP who walked in the centre was noticed to be differently attired from the others. The group halted, and the word was passed back that a muzaugu was among them. Spurring forward the Heraup commander indeed saw that, strongly contrasting with the dusky, sunburnt Arab faces, was A HALE-LOOKING, GRAY-BEARDED WHITE MAN, wearing a navy cap, witha faded gold bandand a red woollen jacket. It wasa trying moment, wherein every emotion of hope and fear flashed through the brain. The fatigues faded in the intensity of the situation. The questions, Was this he who had so long been sought, or could it be a delusion of the mind, or was the whi’) man some unknown waif of humanity? crowded the mind bringing their changing feclings w.th them. A few feet in front of the group the Heratp commander halted, dismounted and advanced on foot, A HISTORIC MEETING, Preserving a calmness of exterivz before the Arabs which was hard to simulate as he reached the group, Mr. Stanley-said: — ‘Doctor Livingstone, I presume ?’’ A smile lit up the features of the hale white man as he answered: — “yes, THAT IS MY NAME.” The meeting was most cordial, and the wearied caravan, joyous at the triumph of the expedition, were escorted by the multitude to the town. After a rest anda meal, in which milk, ‘honey and fish from Tanganyika werg new features, LIVINGSTONE TOLD HIS STORY: which is in brief as follows: — In March, 1866, he informed the Henan explorer that he started with twelve Sepoys, nine Johanna men and seven liberated slaves, ‘| He travelled UP THE ROVUMA RIVER. Before they had been gone very long the men became frightened at the nature of the journey, and the reports of hostile tribes up the country they were to pass through. At length they deserted him, and, as a cover to their cowardice in doing so, circulated THE REPORT OF HIS DEATH. Livingstone proceeded on his journey in spite of the isolation, and after some difficult march. ing reached the Chambezi River, which "he crossed. He found that this was not the Portuguese Zambezi River, as had been con- jectured, but, on the contrary, wholly separate. He traced its course, and found: it called further on 2 THE LUALABA. He continued his explorations along its banks for 700 miles, and has become con- vinced in consequence that the Chambezi is DOUBTLESS THE SOURCE OF THE NILE, and that this will make a total length for the mystic river of Africa of 2,600 miles. His explorations also establish that the Nile is not supplied by Lake Tanganyika, Ho reached within 180 miles of the source and exe plored the surrounding ground, when, FINDING HIMSELF WITHOUT SUPPLIES, he was obliged to return to Ujiji and was in a state of destitution there when met by the commander of the Heranp expedition. On the 16th of October, 1871, THE TWO EXPLORERS LEFT UJUT and arrived at Unyanyembe toward the end of November, where they passed twenty-eight days together exploring the district. They then returned and SPENT CHRISTMAS TOGETHER at Ujiji, The Hzraxp explorer arrived at tha: point of sending this important intelligence on the 14th of March, 1872, leaving Livingstone 7 at Unyanyembe. LIVINGSTONE’S FURTHER PLANS. He will explore the north shore of Tangan< yika Lake and the remaining 180 miles of the Lualaba River. This herculean task he expects will oceupy the next two years. STANLEY'S FIRST LETTERS, Hope of the Herald Special Ex- plorer in the Year 1869. His Resume of Livingstone’s Early Life and Later Intent for Discovery—The Journey to Africa and Disappearance—First Ideas of His Whereabouts—Native Reports of His Death by Murder—What Was Be- lieved and Hoped Previous to the Organization of the Her- ald Search Expedition. ISLAND OF ZANZIBAR, Africa, Feb. 9, 1869, Of all modern travellers David Livingstone heads the list. Wonderful is the energy which imbues him; and, in truth, when one surveys the list of missionaries, there is a temptation trresistible almost in @ man's bosom to place this unparalleled character even at the head of these, taken in the true and proper sense of the word as understood bv the Saviour when he delivered his commands to the Aposties to “preach the Gospel to every nation.’? Around every hearth the story of his travels in South Africa had been a theme of interest, not only to the adults sitting comfortably in armchairs, but to the wonder-loving Juniors of both sexes. And though the details of his labors seem to have run glibly from the point of his pen, yet, while reading the story, one feels compelled to lay it down often ta pause and consider upon his fortitude, his deliberata courage and the praiseworthy self-denial, which is @ notable characteristic in a selfish age. There is a disposition to hug self at the thought that the ceutury now rapidly flitting away could conceive such virtuous fruit, And the virtue that in him lies evidently has made itself manifest to the unetvilized children of Southern Africa; for without laboring to prove any landaple act that he had committed, whereby he might command the love and respect of his dark associates, the reader of his missionary labors feels convinced that there must have been a magnetic goodness in him apparent to infuse savage souls with love for him and the Holy Gospel which he preached, Without pretending to be an author or a literary character of any note, there are but few litterateurs who could have produced a book sa modest, so full of general information, so truthful an account of lus travels during sixteen years ot his life in South Africa. LIVINGSTONK'S LIFE HISTORY, Though there are but few people in Amer ca of England who have not read his first book which contains the very shortest biography ever written by himself, your correspondent feels if incum- bent upon him to preface his letter by a short sketch of the renowned traveller, David Livingstone, M. De Dr. Livingstone, abont whose fate the whole Anglo-Saxon race on both sides of the Atlantic have felt anxious, is a native of Scotland and is now in his fifty-third year. His parents were poor but honest. According to his own statement, the early years of his life were passed in hard labor, being compelled to turn out soon to support him- self. At the age of ten he was employed in a factory as a piecer, attending a night school regu- larly and paying for his tuition out of what he could save from his scant wages, As the school hours were not sufficiently long to educate him ag speedily as he wished he generally con- tinued his studies until twelve, midnight, when, as a very natural thing, his mother, worried and made uneasy by his persistent attention to his books by feeble light from arush light, used to snatch his books from him and incontinently send him to his bed. Hard labor at the factory from six in the morning till eight o'clock at night, with but short intervals for dinner and supper, and studies until midnight, was continued until he was sixteen. Sometimes he used to have a book fixed before him on his spin- ning jenny, studying and working at the same time. This manual labor at the factory trained him to undergo the fatigues of his travels through coun- tries proverbially ill suited to Europeans. Books ot travel were his hobby when he was a boy, though he neglected nothing that might improve his general knowledge of science, geography and medicine. At the age of nineteen he was promoted to cotton spinning, and out of his earnings he managed te CONTINUED ON SEVENTH PAGE,