The New York Herald Newspaper, June 26, 1872, Page 4

i ! ' ‘ ' t t 4 THE ARBITRATORS. Interesting Biographical Sketches ofthe Men Who Sit in Judg- ment on Our Case. SCLOPIS, ITAJUBA, STAEMPFLI. The Herald Correspondents’ Interviews with the Count, the Baron and the Citizen, ADAMS AND COCKBURN Sketch of Prof. Favrot, Secretary to the Tribunal of Arbitration. Below we give long and interesting sketches of Count Sclopis, of Italy, the President of the Geneva Court of Arbitration; Baron d’Itajuba, of Brazil, and Citizen Staempfii, of Switzerland, the three gentlemen associated with Sir Alexander Cockburn and Charles Francis Adams, and composing the Geneva Tribunal which is to sit in judgment on the Alabama claims. These biographical sketches will prove of interest at the present time, and as they have been gleaned from notes and in- formation obtained from the members of the Court themselves specially for publication in the columns of the HERALD they can be fully relied upon, Tne interviews between the Italian, Brazilian and Swiss arbitrators and the HkRALD correspondents will enable the reader at once to see that these gentle- men have made a close and impartial study of the case presented to them for decision, and as the peo- ple of the United States claim nothing but justice at their hands, they may rest fully assured that its full measure will be honorably and fairly dealt out. Count Sclopis, the Italian Representative, President of the Geneva Tribunal. TuRIN, Italy, May 27, 1872. The President of the Court of Arbitration ap- pointed to assemble at Geneva is Count Paolo Federigo Sclopis di Salerano, the Commissioner appointed by the King of Italy. Count Sclopis is a native of the city of Turin. Born in the year 1798, he has attained his seventy- fourth year. He is the son of a celebrated jurist, the Count Alessandro Sclopis. The mother was a Countess Gabriella Peyretti di Condove. The father has left behind the record of an accomplished gentieman, and it is said of his writings that they bore evidence of greater intimacy than possessed by any of his contemporaries with the hidden beauties of Latin classics, The mother, belonging to @ renowned family, is represented likewise as a lady of high culture, uniting all the traditional qualities of her sex with a masculine mind, The son had, therefore, the advantages of a home affording early and ample opportunites to lay the foundation for a superior education. Federigo Sclopis studied jurisprudence at the University of his native city, and, already, at the early age of twenty, received his diploma as doctor- at-law. About one year later he was admitted to the bar and shortly afterwards accepted an ap- pointment in the Department of the Minister of Interior. Prosper Balbo, a man of great attaln- Ments, was at that period at the head of the Minis- try; he recognized in young Sclopis rare talents, combined with an immense aptitude for business, and took the warmest interest in bringing out the young man. It was under these auspices that Count Sclopis became associated with men who, ander the guidance of Cavour, have in later life rendered such eminent services to the Italian cause. In the year 1821 King Charles Albert came to the throne of Piedmont, Turin being then the capital thereof. That sovereign, while Crown Prince, was Bupposed to hold views highly favorable to the liveral party; but, from the very moment he came into power, he exposed that party to a course of bitter disappointment. Charles Albert threw him- self into the arms of the clericals and deserted the ranks of the liberals. For a time the latter were thus deprived of all hope of success, Federigo Sclopis shared but little in the common feeling of disappointment. In his judgment the proper time for action had not then been reached; the mind of the people had not yet matured; the country was ily prepared to appreciate the boon imparted by liberal institutions. He did not consider the cause of liberty irrevocably lost. Notwithstanding his extreme youth he knew well how to exercise patience, and for a long time Sclopis maintained the attitude of a silent and patient observer. He did not interrupt his studies, and thus successfully paved the way for future action. During that period he continued in search of that knowledge ‘which qualified him afterwards to take a promi- nent place in the ranks of the pioneers of Italian ‘unity. The first fruits of his labors reached the public in the year 1833, when he puolished a history of the ancient legislation of Piedmont. This led to the ‘publication of a still more important work, and in 1840 appeared the first volume of the “History of Italian Legislation.” That work revealed the author's mind; it showed the patient Inquirer, the indefatigable investigator. Sclopis gave evi- dence that from the very outset he had fully under- stood the duties and responsibilities devolving on the historian, With the firmness of a master hahd Count Sclopis has traced Rifle hile the pic- ture of the progress of legislation from the down- fail of the Koman empire to the period when the Napoleonic dynasty succumbed. All the great social facts which occurred during that time are exposed and demonstrated with a minuteness de- noting the acute sensitiveness ofa fine critical mind. ‘Truthiuiness prevails throughout his naratives, and one of the reviewers of the works of Count Sclopis Bays :—‘‘Without fear of exaggeration it Ed be as- serted that the work embodies the true philosophy Of the history of Italian legislation.” The subject of Roman law necessarity occupies the main portion of the book, After demonstrating the origin of the law, as well as its development, M. Sclopis discloses a rich treasure of researches Felative to the period of the trfvasion of the barba- Tians and the subsequent consolidation of the em- pire in Western Europe and the countries where the Roman law in force. M. Sclopis maintains that to all those who have studied history from the Middle Ages down to modern times it must become apparent that the influence of Roman law, although in its nature proper to favor democratic institu- K h Opposite direction, and proved injurious to the liberty of the people. ‘The provisions of Roman law have furnished at all times and under all circumstances to princes and sovereigns the neans where My ance oifered by local or {ndividual power, no matter whether that resistance emanated from the wople or whether it was generated in the castie, ‘hose who have handled the law, it is true, have accelerated the death of feudalism, but that action has had the tendency at the same time to undermine the independence of communities, It has done more—it has destroyed local liberty; placed self-government out of the question, and, While bringing on a universal decay, we arrive at an equality with despotism, This argument is by no means arbitrary; it 18 the natural result of deep study, and the outpourings, asit were, of an anxious and laborious inquiry into facts, Roman law was codified under the rule of the empire, and, however perfect in very many points, it 1s impossible to overlook the fact that great care—special care— Was taken to make provision for the annihilation of all political independence of local institutions. While subjecting all persons—individually and col- lectively—to a level of epee the Roman law pro- vides for the traction of ail and every autonomy, without discriminating local or individual interests. The natural consequences arising therefrom appear tolerably clear. The Itallan race and likewise that Portion of the Saxon race living under the influence of Roman law have always been found willing readily to submit to the yoke of an absolute government. it is further shown on undoubted evidence, notably by the schoo! of historians of which Savigny was the head and front, that the functions of Roman faw had never been stopped or interrupted, not- withstanding the dreadful vicissitudes to which ag countries have been subjected at various Count Sclopis, in his works, had limited himself to the task of depicting the ntrast between the results obtained from the action of various systems Of logisiation, leaving it to the student to give pre- ference to whichever side lus imagination or his appreciation would dir him, Nevertheless, when the proper time had arrived, Count Sclopis ‘was not found wanting, His public life has shown ‘that he had not wavered in his opinions since the wi i When towards the end of 1847 that poll- jtorm loomed up which, in the succeeding year, swept all over Europe. shook the very founda- to crash the resist- | NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 26, 1872--TRIPLE SHEET, tion of the monarchical system, and the throne of Charles Albert was threatened, like many others, the hour was near when a system of absolutism was compelied to make room for reform and admit the introduction of constitutional vernment, Charles Albert could no longs resist the pressure of popular outcry; above all he had to grant a free ress. A decree dated October 30, 1847, appoin' Jount Sclopis president of a commission whose busi- ness it was to draw up a press law. This was the first step towards reform. The only journal of any note which existed up to that period was the Messa- gere Tovinese, but towards the middie of the month of December the appearance was sanctioned of two political journals—namely, the Risorgimento ahd the Concordia, Among the names of editors and contributors of these papers appear Cavour, Cesare Balbo, Lorenzio Valerio, and other prominent poli- ticlans who since then have formed bright orna- ments ip the history of Italian independence. The French revolution, in February, 1848, which sent King Louis Philippe into exile, produced an enormous sensation in Italy. Charles Albert nar- rowly escaped the fate which befell the French King by ene concessions, The republic was pro- claimed throughout France on February 26, and on or about the 6th March the Piedmontese King was compelled to abandon his former advisers, Calling upon Cesare Balbo, @ friend and companion since childhood of Sclopis, he sanctioned the formation of a ministry whose programme stipulated freedom of the press, liberty of speech, recognition of the French republic, secularization ot ecclesiastical re- lations, and so forth. Count Sclopis had a promi- nent seat in the new Cabinet, Ever since that period Count Sclopis has maintained the position of a prominent counsellor in the affairs of his country, and taken high rank among the ablest of public servants, Towards the end of the year 1849 he en- tered the Sardinian Senate, and subsequently filled the oitice of Vice President of that body, After filling other eminent positions he was finally raised to the high dignity of President of the Italian Sen- ate. ‘throughout the eventful period of the laat twenty-five years Count Sclopis has been a leadin; actor, He has earned the reputation of a greal and successful statesman, and the eminent ser- vices he has rendered as such have been recog- nized by the Italian People, while the deep and intimate knowledge of the art of his profession have secured him in foreign lands high honors. As a man learned in the law he has been associated a8 honorary member of various joreign societics, and last, not least, he has been admitted a correspond- ing member of the “Institut de France.” When the King of Italy was called upon, at the joint re- quest of England and America, to name a Commis- sioner to the Board of Arbitration at Geneva it would scem almost impossible that His Majesty could have found a man of greater talents to fili the ottice tian Count Sclopis. There was probably no man in Italy more able or more acceptable, The cardinal dogmas which Count Sclopis holds, and which T have endeavored to explain in, the foregoing, go far to prove that he is a friend of the people, and as such he recommends himself to Americans. These, at least, are the impressions which I have gained after a careful and anxious in- juiry into the record of the public career of Count Sclopis. Feeling a lively desire to see the im- ppaicns confirmed, I solicited and obtained an interview of Count Sclopis, who resides at Turin, his native city, and 4n whose municipal affairs he takes an active and lively interest. At twelve o’clock punctually I proceeded, by ap- pointment, to Count Sclopis’ residence, situate the Via Milano, at the angle of the Piazza della Citta. I was ushered at once into the study or library of His Excellency, whom I found in the com- pany of another elderly Cael who, I believe, shares with him the labors of investigating the “case. 1 aplained that, in order to acquit myself con- scientiously of the task of making the public In America acquainted with the history and persons of the Geneva judges, I had taken the liberty of ad- dressing myself personally to His Excellency. He readily acceded to my request, and the result of the information which I have obtained is substantially given in the above summary. Alter handing me & few notes, and the business object of my visit being accomplished, the Count entered into a general con- versation on leading topics of the day. He asked me whether I knew it to be true that Mr. Adams had already proceeded to Geneva. My reply was in the aMrmative, it being well known that our Com- missioner had dined a few days before with the Prince and Princess of Wales, who were then so- jJourning at Genev: L inquired of Count Sclopis whether he was aware of the actual stage at which negotiations had ar- rived respecting the treaty, but His Excellency assured me that he possessed no means whutso- ever of ascertaining actual facts. I readily believe he knew nothing beyond the rumors which had resched the general public through vague tele- graphic reports, Count Sclopis evinced a great desire to be made acquainted with the actual state of public opinion, Nothing seemed more natural than the expres- sion of that desire, since there is no information which reaches this city from America except through British channels. The news which comes from the New World is filtered and translated in Engiand, and in that way I explained to His Ex- ceilency the great fuss which had been made about certain petitions submitted to the President of the United States regarding the withdrawal of what was styled “indirect claims.’’ These petitions, to believe the Italian papers, embodied the opinion of the American people, but, I respectfully sub- mitted, that was not the case. The city of New York, it Was weli Known, had close business rela- is With England: some citizens of our great mercial metropolis Were apprehensive that, in ase of a failure occurring in the pending negotia- tons, the trade and commerce between the two countries might be exposed. ‘hose who vntertain these notions are naturally in favor of patching up au alrangement at all hazards, New York, I pointed out to His Exceilency, was a city essentially cosmo- politan rather than national, giving shelter, as it did, to nationalties collected from all parts of the lobe. Yet, isolated reports fromm New York, which in MOSt cases have to pass through an English filter, seemed to be accepted, as a general rule, as the opinion of the American people. Count Sclopis said that so far he had paid no attention whatever to the controversy going on outside, all his time had been taken up in studying the voluminous docu- ments, Indeed, he said, pointing to a huge mass of books, if you consider the work before us, you must at once perceive that we have not been lale, and that but little time was leit for any other matter than the study of the “case.” those papers have been carefully studied, and a bas undergone a minute examination, When the Count spoke in the plural he referred to the gentie- man above alluded to, a friend, who shared the labors, which it may be taken for granted have been arduous. The personal appearance of Count Sclopis is graceful and pleasing. He has a head covered with rich, white hair, @ clear, open countenance, with a high forehead. His manners are charming and dignified, denoting bonhomme and good feeling towards his fellow man, without intermingling it with that patronizing air displayed so often by men holding his position. Count Sclopis not only gave me the information I desired, but invited me to renew my visit in afew days, during which time he thought it might be ible for him to pick up a printed biography of his past life. The conversation was spread over nearly an hour, during which he asked me many ques- tions which showed the deep interest he takes in American affairs, and that he had_ thoroughly mastered the spirit of our language. It has been erroneously stated elsewhere that none of the ar- bitrators had a knowledge of the English tanguage. So far as Count Sclopis is concerned the report is not correct, but, on the contrary, his knowledge of English is unimpeachable, though he speaks natu- rally with a strong accen Baron d’Itajuba, the Brazilian Repre- sentative. Panis, May 8, 1872. The Baron d'Itajuba, the Brazilian Minister to France and one of the five Judges of the Geneva Tribunal, has not intruded much on the notice of the general public, but he is well known and his fame stands high in the diplomatic world. He was born in Brazil in the year 1806, and has consequently entered upon his sixty-seventh year. His birth- place is Minar, a small city situated in one of the provinces forming part of the empire of Brazil. A provincial city of South America, especially at the beginning of the present century, was little calcu- lated to offer scope sufficient to satisfy the ambi- tion of an enterprising youth. It must have been extremely diiicult in those days in any part of Bra- zil to satisfy even an ordinary thirst for learning, and nothing, therefore, would seem more natural than that those in search of the sources of know- ledge should have turned towards some part of the Old World, Many young Brazilians looked upon it as an imperative necessity temporarily to leave the paternal roof for purposes of finishing their educa- tion in Europe. Among those was young Itajuba, who at an early age visited some of the principal colleges on the continent of Europe, and spent sev- eral ‘8 at the universities of Paris, to study juris- prudence and international law. It is well known that Paris offers to the student ample opportuni- ties, not only to acquire a knowledge of Roman law, but the studies embraced in the code of vari- ous foreign countries, It is thus that the educa- tion, though probably less profound in some re- spects, offers the advantages of a wider scope and more amplitude of intellectual views to those. who are willing to study. Young Itajuba seems to have fully comprehended the importance of those advan- tages, He proved an ardent student, and very shortly after returning to his native country it be- came apparent that, notwithstanding an extreme youth, he had eminently qualified himself to hold an important position among his fel- low citizens. In the year 1830 M. d'ltajuba was called to fil the professorship of jurisprudence at the University of Pernambuco. He held that position until the year 1834, when the failing health of a beloved wife made it imperative to seek & more genial climate. Leaving the profes- sor’s chair, Baron d’Itajuba was induced to enter the diplomatic career. The first appointment which he received was that of Consul General to the Hanse Towns, and in that capacity he resided for several years in the city of Hamburg. The mission entrusted to him was one of great importance, both in @ commercial and political point of view. At that period Hamburg was, and I believe it still holds that position, the largest coffee market in Europe. On the other hand Brazil desired to foster emi- gration from Germany; there was consequently a large fleld to display energy and intelligence. I had some time since the opportunity of meeting with several prominent merchants from the Han- seatic city. The conversation turning incidentally on the subject of the Alabama claims, the gentle- men referred to were unanimous in their praises of the Brazilian Envoy. They were eminently im- pressed with the significance of the appointment, and with the important servic es which Baron d’Ita- juba would be able to render whenever the Contfer- ence at Geneva should meet. In recognition of the efficiency with which he filled his post the Brazilian government soon extended the scope of their ze: ous and intelligent representative, ron d’Itajuba received successively the aera as Minister tothe King of Hanover, the King of Denmark and several of the minor Courts of Germany, till he was ultimately (I believe in 1850) named Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy Extraordinary near His Majesty the King of Prassia. That position he filled with great honor till the year 1867, At that period the Baron was further promoted, and appointed to fill the diplomatic mission at the Court of tre Tulle- ries. He continues to enjoy the confidence of the Emperor and the government of Brazil, and Baron d’Itajuba represents his country vis-a-vis the repub- Ite of France. ‘The foregoing forms, of course, a mere outline of the Baron’s career. I had often observed the Bra- zilian Minister on public occasions, but never had the privilege ofa lengthy conversation. With the view of becoming better acquainted with him I resolved to wait on the Minister, and to learn, if possible, from his own lips, whether or not I had correctly sketched the outline above given, Therefore I repaired to the Brazilian Legation, ituated near the Pare de Monceau, Rue de Théh¢ran No, 13. { was informed that his Excel- lency had just sat down to breakfast, but, added the servant, that does not occupy any erent space of time; the Minister would, no doubt, ready to receive me if I shortly called again. On my reap- pearance I was ushered into a small apartment, which evidently served as a study or library, The bene all around me were simple, Tut full of taste and neatness, Everything in the room de- noted order and method, His Excellency did not aeee me waiting, I had hardly time to examine the bookcase, which seemed to contain nothing but works of international law and matter of kindred interest. LT informed His Excellency of my mission, which T estimated to be one of peculiar interest, inasmuch as the American people were justly entitled to learn, through the medium of the press, someth'm, about the judges of their case. At the same time informed him that I represented the New Yor« HERALD, and ventured to express an opinion that, whatsoever might ultimately be the issue of the pending trial, the whole country was placed under deep obligations towards those gentlemen who had undertaken the arduous labor connected with the investigation of our unfortunate differences, His Excellency courteously complied with my re- quest, and in the main confirmed all the informa- tlon I had been able to gather outside, with this exception, that he avoided mentioning anythin, that seemed to bring him prominently forwa) It had never been his aim to seek public admiration, and he religiously adhered to a desire not to be ex- posed to publ: discussion. At any other period, when less weight of public business pressed upon him, the Baron said he was quite willing to give me a few notes in writing, so as to enable me to be ininute and accurate. “But,” he added, “1 am so overwhelmed with work that I cannot promise to do so immediately. I will endeavor to tind time when you again visit me in a week or two.” In the meantime the Baron enumerated the salient points of bis long and varied perience in the diplomatic service, confirming substantially the statement above given, which, as already mentioned, I have been fible to gather from outside information, It will be seen that the services extend’ over eight and twenty years, during which period many important political changes have taken place in Europe, and con juently I was induced to observe that His Excellency haa evidently had ample op- portunities to acquire a most thorough knowledge of European affairs, Baron p'lrasuba—Yes, I may truly say that 1 know Europe well. Moreover, I have had the Meta 5 always to ma‘ntain an independent: l- tion. Happily 1 was never mixed up with the heat of party strife, and, from my standpoint, I have been able to take notes, and to observe, without exciting the jealousy of opposing parties, CORRESPONDENT—It would be unbecoming in me to ask questions incompatible with your position us Judge; still, am I permitted to know whether it is likely that Your Excellency will put in an ap- pearance at Geneva ¢ Baron p'frasusa—We know absolutely nothing. There ts no telling whether or not the conference is to take place. We have a solemn duty to per- form, which consists in standing aloof from all out- side controversy. CORRESYONDENT—That controversy has caused ee irritation in the minds of the public ou both sides, Baron p'Irasvpa—It is very unfortunate, the More 80 as there was no occasion for it. It ought to have been avoided, CORKESPONDENT—Too much has been said and written on the subject. Baron pD’ITasvBA—Just so, and it ts astonishing to witness the amount of’ ignorance displayed ; those who cry out the loudest khow apparently ti least of the subject they are discussing. CORRES?ONDENT—The press in England has done much in fanning the Names of irritation, which has laid hold of public opinion. Baron pD'ITasjupa—Precisely, CORRESPONDENT—AS matters are, we seem to have come to # standstill (émpasse). Baron p'ITasvuBa—That is very unfortunate ; it ought not to be so the case was there; in what- ever way it presented itself; whatever construction it could bear—all that was not matter for public discussion, To expose the whole to premature and outside judgment was wrong altogether. The case once entrusted to arbitrators, should have been left in their hands; they would have given it an im- partial consideration, and pronounced judgment accordingly, CORRESPONDENT—Your labors, Excellency, must have been arduous, and, calling forth as they do the thanks of the nation, tt would be deplorable if all that work should prove useless. Baron p’IrasuBa—I am at all times much occn- pied with the current affairs of the Embassy, and there (pointing to a huge pile of books and docu- ments) you see the extent of work before us. I have not nearly finished reading the entire mass of evidence, and every hour not occupied with work of dally routine is necessarily devoted to the study of the “case” and the documentary evidence, CORRESPONDENT—Before taking leave of Your Excellency 1 must reiterate the assurance that [ was unwilling to intrude on your privacy, but the immensity of interests involved should necessarily plead my logy. Baron p'{rasuBA—I shall be pleased to see you again when in Paris, but, as yon well know, that mass of evidence demands & long and profound study to befit us to arrive at just and equitable con- clusions. ‘The personal appearance of Baron d’Itajuba is agreeable, Leis of medium stature and carries his years well; seemingly he is of a wiry nature, and displays great energy of action. His Excel- lency has a@ frank, benevolent countenance; the eyes are keen and searching, but denote a warm, enial disposition. His conversation is sympa- hetic and remarkable for an entire absence of hauteur, His Excellency inspired me with the idea that, in case I nad any private dificulty pendin, settlement, I would have no hesitancy to abandon my interests, unconditionally, to the judgment of Baron d’Itajuba. I am impelled to express this idea from a strong conviction that he is one of those few men found willing to look a difficulty fair in the face. Iam inclined to think that he would base his judgment not on the sound of words, or on legal quibbles. His deductions would depend on points of equity and his decision be given in a fearless, honest. manner. This 1s the impression I carried away from the Brazilian Embassy. The intuition of men like Baron d’Itajaba is calculated to judge matters by @ standard of high morality rather than by legal dogmas, Mr. Jacob Stacmpfil, the Swiss Rep- resentative, Berne, Switzerland, June 1, 1872. The Executive of the Swiss Confederation, in con- formity to the provision of the Alabama Treaty, appointed Mt, Staempfi, a prominent politician, and a@ gentleman who has filled at three different periods the ofice of President of the Confederation, to act as one of the judges at the Geneva Tribunal of Arbitration. Mr. Jacob Staempfi was born in the year 1920, at a@ small village named Schuepfen, situate in the Canton Berne, Being only in his fifty-second year, hei the youngest member of the tribunal, Unlike the other jndges, Mr. Staempfi 1s a self-made man. His parents—plain country people—were unable to provide for an education other than that offered by the medium of the schoolmaster of a rural district. At an early age he entered the office of @ village notary; but soon got tired, threw up the situation, and, crossing the Swiss borders, went into France for the purpose of acquiring a knowledge of the French language. For some time he worked hard for his living on & farm as a domestic servant, and never neglected an opportunity of instructing himself. Returning to his native country he was enabled to commence @ career and to study law under the guidance of Mr. William Snell, Towards the end of the year 1843 be had qualified himself as an advocat or furoprecher, and was duly admitted a member of the bar at Berne. He gained rapidly the reputa- tion of a politician, holding extreme radical views, Though his occupation as a practical lawyer left lim apparently but few leisure hours for outside work, he nevertheless turned his attention to jour- nalismn. In 1844 he appeared as chief editor of the Berner Zeitung, & journal established for the avowed purpose of obtaining a revision of the then axigting constitntion. He was for radical reform. fearlessly advocating @ system of central federal- ism. To those principles he has courageously ad- hered until the present day. In July, 1846, Mr. Staempfi was elected a member of the Counciljof his State; in that, capacity assisted in framing a new constitution for the canton of Berne. Shortly after coming into office civil war broke out. Seven cantons made strenuous efforts to secede from the confederation, the questions at issue between the antagonistic parties being that of religion and edu- cation. Staempfi violently opposed the alleged right of secession, counselling not only a recourse toarms, but took himself an active part in the fight, which ended ultimately in bringing back the Tebellious cantons, Mr. Staempiil, with varied success, continued to take an active part in all the leading questions con- cerning the politica of his country. Unhesitatingly, never for a moment looking behind, he followed tn the track he had commenced—namely, that of advo- cating reform and progress, Having filled with honor various offices of State as well as of the Confedera- tion, he was elected Vice President in the year 1 and in the usual course of events he was elect President of the Confederation in the following year 1856. The constitution of Switzerland does hot admit the re-election as President for two consecutive terms, the term being one year. But in 1859, Mr. Staempfi’s turn came again; he was elected President and filled that office again and for the third time during the year 1862, Sr that period Mr, Staempfi has ceased to de- vote his attention exclusively to political matters, and became eminently useful in a commercial sphere of action, In the year 1864 he created a banking establishment at Berne, with branches at Zurich and elsewhere. Mr, Staempfi was elected President of the institution known as the ‘Federal Bank,” or, to give the true German title, the “Kidgenoesische Bank.” The bank building, oppo- site the railroad depot, is one of the principal buildings of the city of Berne, and it was here where I called upon the President of the bank, conversation with the gentleman was of but short duration, Mr, Staempfi being a man of few words, He is evidently one of those few persons we meet on this side of the water who knows the value of time, and whose conversation is always to the point. He motioned me to a seat, and listened at- tentively to the matter which formed the object of my visit. Regretting that nothing had been published to which he could direct my attention with the view of obtaining information regarding his past life, he said that some two months ago an English publication had printed what professed to h biography. Mr. Staempfi added that he was unacquainted with the author, nor was he aware of the sources from which that person had gathered the information, He was very much averse to being discussed in public; still, as the whole career of nis life had been spent in public almost any- body In Berne could tell me his history. His re- ception was exceedingly courteous. Mr. Staempfil is the very type of a Switzer. His personal appear- ance, as well as his manners, strongly remindea me of Prince Bismarck. The latter, however, is taller by several inches, Mr. Staempfll only Ly fad ex- ceeds five feet or five feet two inches, le has a ull round face, clean shaven except mustaches, Everything about him shows _ firmness, resolution and energy, and from the most reliable sources I have gathered that he entered heart and sout into the examina- tion of the Alabama question. At or about the end of the month of April last Mr. Staempfii left the city of Berne and retired to St. Beatenberg, a small station near the Lake of Thun. At that retreat he remained more than three weeks, solely for the purpose of studying the case. He absented himself from business, and desired to remain un- molested during his absence, in order to devote his undivided attention to the task before him. The bank oiticers received strict orders from Mr. Staempfli not to disturb him on any consideration, Save of the most urgent necessity. Mr. Staempfil isnot the man of half measures; whensoever he undertakes anything it is done thoroughly. There- fore he had set himself the task of mastering the Anglo-Saxon tongue. His modest and retiring habits do not permit Mr. Staempfl to boast of this fact; nay, he willnot even acknowledge it; but when the hour of meeting at Geneva arrives it must not be surprising if the Switzer, in his clear, firm voice, shall give unmistakable {indications of his success. As stated above, Mr. Staempfii, although engaged in mmercial pursuits at present, has not aban- doned the tenets of his former political life, In fact he may be considered the very head and front, as it were, of the movement which at this moment agitates Switzerland, namely, the revision of the old federal constitution. As stated above, Mr. Staempoi, with unflinching tenacity, clings to the doctrine of central federalism, The difficulty which arose in the year 1846 regarding the “Sonder Bund,” already alluded to, was nothing but an attempt at breaking up the federal pact, and, on a small scale, the controversy may be assimilated to the Ameri- can civil war, Mr. Staempfi, ever since the experl- ence of 1846, has advocated strong meastres, Our representatives to the Swiss Confederation have borne witness to the fact that Mr. Staempfli has always expressed a strong and warm friendship toward America and our people. The records at the State Department will undoubtedly bear out this assertion, if the despatches of our Ministers be had recourse to. ‘The people of Switzerland look upon Mr. Staemp- fias the ablest statesman of the present Fearless and regardless of consequences, he 100! a difficulty into the face. His bold attitude hi more than once saved Switzerland from being exposed to humiliation. The Confederation has at many periods narrowly escaped perils of annihilation, or at least of seeing her independ- ence assailed. When, after the Italian campaign, a portion of Savoy territory was transferred to France, the Swiss government energetically pro- tested. While some of his colleagues counselled moderation, and neld to the maxim that for a small country itseemed prudent ‘not to provoke the hour of peril, with insufficient forces at home and without hope of receiving aid from without’’—when these views were uttered Mr. Staempiil boldly came forward, asserting that “‘when it appeared evident that the hour of peril was nearing it was far more preferable at once to face the danger rather than cowardly to await its ap roach.” That Mr. Staempfi firmly adheres to these views he has shown on more than one occasion. Thus he acted with equal firmness when the Prussian gov- ernment raised a difficulty in regard to the sov- eveignty of the canton of Neufchatel. Threats were held out that 300,000 Prussians would march into Switzerland, and that threat was replied to by a eneral call to. arms. The people of the canton of Berne took the initiative, saying, “We certainly ES peace to war, but the Executive having ex- hausted all means to maintain an honorable peace Wwe must forthwith prepare for war.” It must not be supposed, however, that Mr, Staempziiis asort of firebrand, Quite the reverse, He is cool, but de- termined. In support of this assertion an incident is referred to, which occurred during his last term of office in 1862. Under the First Napoleon, in the year 1804, Switzerland lost a small strip of land, known as the Valley of Dappes. For more than half a century the Swiss authorities had not ceased to claim the restitution of that valley. But the government of France persistently refused to recognize, and the Parisians Ks as violently opposed the just demands made by the Switzers. Mr. Staempfii renewed the demand, and in December, 1862, the territory was restituted to the canton of Vaud. The success was due to the ability of Mr. Staempfil, but above all to the secrec; with which the negotiation had been conducted. In this connection [ may mention that Mr. Staemp- fi has won again the admiration of his fellow citi- zens as regards the Alabama question. He has never been heard to breathe, publicly or privately, a word respecting our case. His most intimate friends have not heard him make any mention of it. Although weeered up in silence, the general belief among his friends tends to prove that he de- plores the publicity which has been given to the negotiations between the administration at Wash- ington and the British government. However that may be, it is quite certain that vacillation and want of decision are words noi to be found in Mr. Staempfli's dictionary, The whole course of his life gives ample Rea that when once arrived at a resolution he willstand by it, irrespective of con- sequences, “Under the circumstances,” »lded a friend of Mr. Staempfi’s, “you may judge for your- self what his ideas are about the pending ‘uncer- tainty in regard to the Geneva arbitration.’ The banking establishment over which Mr. Staempfi presides is the largest, and, I am told, the most prosperous in Switzerland. Independent of his financial operations, Mr. Staempfi takes the greatest amount of interest in the development of ‘the Swiss railroad system. To a stranger it would appear that railroads in Switzerlana were con- structed, not for the use of the public, but for the benefit of hotel-keepers, There are no night trains in any part of the Confederation; there are but few express trains, and the inconvenience of being compelled to travel by freight trains is greatly aug- mented by the fact that but few of the roads have a double track, The immediate consequence ts that the roads do not enjoy a great degree of prosperity. Mr. Staempili recommended, some years ago, the adoption of radical measures, He insisted that the only means to prevent further mischief would be found in the consolidation of the entire railway system, and, for that purpose, the central govern- ment to purchase the roads. So far Mr. Staempfii has not succeeded in overcoming the opposition with which he was met. The public debt of the Confederation is at present @ mere nominal mat- ter, and the railroad scheme would involve the necessity of borrowing at least $100,000,000, Sir Alexander Cockburn and Mr. Charles Francis Adams. The selection of Sir Alexander Cockburn and Mr. Charles Francis Adams as the representatives of England and the United States at the Geneva Court of Arbitration has been eminently wise and pru- dent on the part of the two nations most interested in the result pending before the Court, These two gentiemen possess in an honorable de- gree the fullest confidence of the countries they pe resent, and rank mage © the most distinguished cit- izens of both nations. Sir Alexander Cockburn was promoted to the high position of Lord Chief Justice of England on_the elevation of the late Lord Camp- bell to the Woolsack in 1859. Previous to the at- tainment of this lofty distinction he occupied the post of Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, a posi- tion to which he had been promoted in 1856 on the death of Chief Justice Jervis, his redecessor in office. He was Attorney General in 1861, and continued to hold that office until the dissolution of Lord John Russell's Ministry in the Gabinoe he tebumea Mi pore Hee eee ace fence of the for ar the late Lord Pal. merston on the question proved him to be iis prod We eter au tat iy baines from ex the Mes. ne Os essed asa posser clan. This speech, when Pronounced one of the most AG ever delivered in the House of Commons, “gaint Regarding Mr. Francis has been said and written of hon elboe ln spe ointment as arbitrator, and so character, qualities and abilities vunderstond ay In United States, that it is unnecessary at this mo- ment to reproduce what has already been printed in the columns of the HERALD regarding him. His biography is already in the hands of our readers, Professor Favrot, Secretary to the Tri- b 1 of Arbitration. GENsvA, Switzerland, June 8, 1872, The functions of the important office of Secretary to the Court of Arbitration have been entrusted to Professor Favrot, a resident of Berne. Alexander Favrot is a highly cultivated gentleman, a native of the canton of Neufchatel, about thirty-five years of age, who, while residing in England, during @ period of seven years, acquired a thorough know- ledge of our language. Not being a politician, the name of Professor Favrot never appeared very prom- inently before the general public; but in his own home he has the reputation of a man of consider- able literary attainments. He is renowned as a great linguist, and in that capacity the Professor ts certain to prove himself eminently useful to the members of the Board of Arbitration, as well as to the public. Mr. Favrot is the nominee of Mr. Staempfil, the choice of a secretary having been gracelully ceded to the member appointed by Switzerland as an act of courtesy, in consideration of the fact that the Board depended to a very great extent on the hos- Pitality of the Swiss people. Reference has already been made to the erroneous reports circulated in regard to the extent of knowledge of the English language possessed by the foreign arbitrators. The item involves considerations of the gravest nature. However bigh a degree of proficiency a person may attain in foreign languages, it must be readily con- ceded that it is exceedingly uncommon for men to think in the forms and moods of foreign language. Trresistibly we find as our thoughts assume words that they take more of our native country or that tongue which was acquired in the nursery, and speech becomes mere translation. Exceptions are of couse admissible, but as a rule man will preserve even under the most trying circumstances the use of the mother tongue. Diplomatic intercourse ignores completely the Babel of tongues, and French has been adopted as the universal language in which diplomatic nego- tiations are usually carried on. To a certain extent that usage must, of necessity, obtain among the members of the Board of Arbitration. Yet itshould be borne in mind that although all of them are pro- ficient in French not a single member was born in France. It is probably a matter of speculation what amount otf influence attaches to that fact. Without further inquiring into the question it will become apparent that the Secretary, Mr. Favrot, holds a position of great trust, and that on him devolves an immense amount of responsibility. It is gratifying to know that Professor Favrot is intimately alee with most of the living lan- uages. I visited that genticman at his residence in Berne a few days ago, and I deemed it no empty compliment when, at the términation of a lengthy conversation, I was enabled to congratulate him on his nearly faultless English, Seldom have I neard a foreigner express himself with so much ease and elegance. The deplorable manner in which public docu- ments have often been transcribed by translators worked an incalculable amount of mischief in old and modern times, We need not go back far in history for facts, The Franco-German conflict abounds in numerous examples of a variegated character to illustrate the assertion. From the very outset French documents were translated into German inamanner which seemed to convey a total absence of courtesy, and thus irritated the nation, while, on the other hand, the text of German papers when rendered in French, implied a mean- ng which could not be discovered in the original. The Ruryy, as well as the brevity, connected wiih telegraphic correspondence has generaily served as an apology. But the mischief was done. IJt will be remembered that several days prior to the ac- tual outbreak of hostilities the Prussian King, as reported by a Belgian journal, had alluded to the demands of the Emperor Napoleon as an “un- heard-of insolence.” No such words had ever been used. The German text ran thus:—‘‘bie unerhirte Anmassung des Kaisers Napoleon,” The careful translator would have said this: “The enormous pretensions o!, &c., &c. In lieu of that it was given as “Vinsolence tnoui,” and that unwar- ranted interpretation caused an immense sensation throughout France, the people, of course, having no opportunity to refer -to the original. Hundreds of examples can be cited of that character, and even of a more mischievous tendency. I took the liberty of calling Mr. Favrot’s attention to this. fact, and at the same time informed him that our people would regard it as a great source of satisfac- tion that the important oitice of Secretary had een entrusted to a gentleman possessed with'a superior knowledge of foreign languages, and who was thts able to avoid the dangers alluded to, The Court and the Duty It Has to Per- form. GENEVA, June 9, 1872. The balance of power, it will be conceived, rests, necessarily, with three foreign arbiters. It is, Perhaps, not presumptive to suppose that Mr. Adams’ judgment is likely to take the best view of the American side, while Sir Alexander Cockburn is equally likely to beleve the British view of the case perfect as nearly as possible, and the judgment of both gen- tlemen might, in a general way, be regarded as not diMcult to penetrate in advance. Neither the British nor the American lawyers will much hope, therefore, to influence by their arguments the two English-speaking judges. It remains to be seen what effect can be produced on the mind of the for- eign judges by the pleadings of General Cushing and Mr. W. M. Evarts on one side, and by Sir Roun- dell Palmer and his coadjutors on the other side. All the voluminous mass of evidence, as well as the “case” itself, were translated into French. Pari- sian lawyers of note have been employed for the purpose, and last, but not least, it may be men- tioned that Mr. Bancroft Davis is an experienced French scholar, It has been not inaptly suggested that the dificulty might have found a solution by following the example of theologians. The whole, it was thought, might have been translated into Latin, that being a language all lawyers, irrespect- ive of nationality, are supposed to know. Hon. Charles Francis Adams resides as yet at the Hotel des Bergues. He has the intention of retiring to a villa during his stay at Geneva, but in view of the actual state of things I believe he has not com- pleted the bargain as yet. The villa is one lately occupied by Mr. Gallatin, of New York, situated on the lake, a short drive from Geneva, in one of the loveliest spots, Mr. Adams is accompanied by his family, and apparently enjoys the rest which he is now taking. On my calling yesterday he expressed @ hope that he would not be interviewed, for if such were my intentions he could only tell me that he had no more knowledge of what was doing than he presumed a HERALD correspondent would already possess. He would rather, he added, look to me for news, as he had really none to give. Mr. Adams conversed cheerfully on current topics, but it struck me that he was somewhat doubtiul as to whether the proceedings in the British Parliament had the tendency of saving the treaty, Mr. Adams dined with the Prince of Wales when the latter passed through this city, and British sub- jects are echoing with ap arent satisfaction the laudatory remarks which His Royal Highness made respecting Mr. Adams. Of course we are entirely in the dark what shape matters may assume by the 16th of this month. [here have been some idie ru- mors mows porecne yet but those familiar with the terms of the treaty are fully aware that such is impossible. The Court must assemble on Saturday next. Whatever course England may decide on, whether the protest regarding the so-called indirect claims will be withdrawn, or whether she decides not to go on with the arbitration, are questions which must be brought before the Court. The latter will, therefore, assemble, no matter whether business comes up or not. The truth of the matter is well known to all who have followed the controversy in its various phases, If all were known, or rather if all could be known, we would be told that the brit- ish government has ascertained the fact that judg- ment will be given in favor of the United States on all the various counts. The Judges have had the cage in hand for nearly six months, and it is not unlikely that in some Way or other they have ex- pressed opinions. If not in words, a slight shrug of the shoulder or an ominous look must, tn the course of conversation, have convinced the British lion that he stands little chance, and that Uncle Sam is the favorite, FISH AND GRANVILLE. cnisenreanstopacnnetiaien Their Despatches about the Washington Treaty Redaced to an Amusing Di logue—The Finale of the Anglo-Ameri- can Farce. (From La Patrie June 11.) In spite of all the efforts of the administration o¢ General Grant to conceal the disadvantages of the Treaty of Washington they did not escape the atten- tion of some sagacious American statesmen. As the time stipulated for the meeting of the arbitrating com. mission was ft became more and moré evident that several clauses in the treaty would meet with great opposition in the Senate. Mr. Fish thought to avoid the dimiculty by surreptitiously in- troducing in the ‘‘case,” to be submitted to the arbitrators, a modest claim amounting to some- thing like five (francs) for idirect damages. Strange’ and incredible! But it was only after atx weeks that the British Foreign ofica perceived the interpolation of the claim for five milliards. Then followed an avalanche of notes and de- spatches, which have jist been published by the New Yor« HERALD, and which have kept the twe Worlds in suspense for more than a month. We ‘ive the substance of the dialogue between Lord ranville and Mr. Fish, which at times is very drei and amusing. Lord GRanviLLE—Are you really in earnest about your demand for indirect damages? You know ie eee that they have not been included im rr. ‘But no. I don’t know anything of the sort, If it, however, puts you to inconventence we can agree to @ sum in gross, and don’t let us go out of the way for such a trifle, aete fas we qiide! How you talk! We in Tug! nor = detail. pent CAstnRes Oey ir. FISH—How untractable don’t fet any We are Done mn ihe irene claim for five milliards frightens you we shall re- duce it by one, or two, or three milliards. You un- derstand, my dear fellow, that we didn't expect five milliards, That was only a figure ot Lord GRANVILLE—Neither a mililard nor, inde: a penny, Withdraw your claim, or all is brows oe ir, KISH—You are disgusting. EN, dien/ so be it; we shall not insist at Geneva on’ those indirect damages. Now, then, are you satisfied? Lord GRANVILLE—Not at all. What Stgrenten have I that you will not insist on them at Geneva? I can't take too many precautions after the scurvy trick you wanted to play me, Mr. Fish—All right. You'll get your gnarantee, Let us exchange notes, by which we shall mutually engage not to claim indirect damages, no matter what bad tricks we play one another in the future if one of us should be a belligerent and the other @ neutral. Lo:d GRANVILLE—That isn’t enough. The ques- tion ig not about the future, but about the past. Besides, in that case, what will become of our fine phrases about the principle of arbitration and the strict observance of neutralitv? Mr. F1sH—A fig for our fine phrases! the treaty, or we are lost. Lord GRanvi.Le—I am willing enough. But you must first withdraw your claim, aud then we shall make a new agreement about principles. Mr. Fiso—Withdraw! No! modify, Yes! I re- peat it, let us exchange notes, suppressing these in- irect damages. Lord GRANVILLE—How often shall I tell you your notes are not sufficient. We must have a supple- reese treaty and withdrawal of the claim, or noth- ng. Mr. Fisn—We have not the right to make a sup- plemental treaty without consulting the Senate. Lord GRANVILLE—Eh, bien sapristi! Consult the Senate, Mr. Fisu—You are right. That’s a capital idea be a hard We shall consult the Senate; but that wi ordeal to pass. Lord GRANVILLE—Very well; but don’t forget to withdraw these consequential damages. Mr. FisH—How obstinate you are! What's the use of worrying. If1 tell you that we shall make an supplemental treaty what more do you want ? rd GRANVILLE—That’s all right. But here is the text of the supplemental treaty, It must pass © just as it is. Mr. FisH—Suppose, now, we leave the question of indirect claims open until next year and then have it settled by a nice little commission. This would keep us both In the Ministry. Lord GRANVILLE—Oh, bother! jokes, my dear fellow. Mr. Fisu—Well, well; we shall try to ca through your supplemental treaty. But if you thin! that it will be easy to swallow for the Senate and the nation you are mistaken. Lord GRANVILLE—That's all the same tome. A supplemental, or all 1s broken off, rt. Fiso—It will pass, this confounded supple- mental, but with some very slight modifications. Lord GRANVILLE—Let us see those modifications. But I tell you in advance I won’t be humbugged, Here the dialogue stops. To judge by the last declarations of Lord Granville in Parliament the dénouement of the Anglo-American farce is ap- proaching, or, at least, the curtain falls on the second act, probably to rise again upon the final haggling scene, when the Americans will have to pay, instead of receiving, and Congress will have si ratify and carry out the decision of the arbitra- ors. Let us save None of your bad BROOKLYN EDUCATION. Opinion of the Rink Reformers as to the Necessity for New Schoolhouses. The Rink Reform Committee has been looking over the estimates of the Board of Education for the year 1873, and finds that there 1s no necessity for the further expenditure proposed upon new school buildings. The committee reports as follows :— The schedulge of expenditures for the support of the schools during the year 173, as recently submitted to the oard of Estimate, asks Or $731,000 (wee, thelr report) a propriation from the city, In addition to the State fund, which this year is estimated at $205,000, and in addition to the $00,000 authorized by the Legislature for building pur- yoses AD ast year's balance, of $6447, making Total of $1,114668 fof the year. 1S73, being’ about $429,000) more than Ba} he total expenditure of last year. Of this $1,114,658 the Commissioners of pose expending $229,000 (in thefr estimate) and the $90,000 above stated, king $319,000 for schoolhouse purposes during the eniuing year. That this tormidable sum of $1,114,658 is not necessary may be inferred trom the following exposition :—During the five preceding years there has been expended for the urchase of sites and building.and enlarging school- ouses $986,710 (see thelr reports 1867, '68, ’69, ‘70 and ‘7D, and for repairing and furnishing the ‘houses’ $270,000 (see same report). In the schedule of purposes, presented by the Board of Education for the year 1871, they asked for an_appropria- tion of $880,000 from the city for sites and houses (see re- port,of Board of Estimate of that year) in addition to the 01,000 authorized by act of the Legislature for the same purposes, ampunting to $470,000, which sum, however. the Board of Estimate reduced so'materially that instead of spending $470,000 the Board of Education limited their disbursements for these purposes du ne that yoar to about $70,000 (see their report 1872, table No. 1), That there was no serious inconvenience for want of accommodation for the children is deducible from the fact that during that year (1871) there were 9,222 seats more than the daily average number of scholars in at- tendance (see their report, 1372, appendix, page 13, able 3). A startling fact exhibited by the several yoarly reports is that, whereas the average annual expenditure for schoolliouse purposes during the three years preceding 1867 was only $01,000, the disbursements for the same pur- oes during 1367 and the three succeeding fears averaxed B2o.000 per annum (see Report 1872, paze 16, table 6), be- ing an inc per cent within three ahd @ half years: while during the samo three and a half years the siverage daily number ot scholars increased 3s per cent (see Pele 1872, page 15, table 5). ‘The amount of money alleged to be necessary for buy- {ag lote and building schoolhouses appears very Ia Schoolhouse No. dl may be cited as an example. After having expended $100,770 the Commissioners asked for 27,00 additional, but ‘their request not being granted their next aunual report shows that they had completed the building by, the payment of only $1,207 (see their re- port 1872, page 2, table 1). If this were the only instance of the kind it might be apologized for as an‘accidental incident, but there being several similar instances no satisfactory cause can be as signed for such remarkable discrepancies, n the first paragraph of this report it is stated that the “Board of Education now ask for an aggregate of $1,114,653 for the Geet | year.” That this large sum is in excess of the actual needs of te departinent isevidenced by the fact that the sum total expended for all purposes luring the Jfat 7 was only $687,495, as shown in their report of 72, table No. 6, ‘AS during the past five years $986,00V has Veen expended for schoolhouse purposes, as shown in their several re- ports of those years, it is difficult, to believe that a neces- sity exists for an expenditure of $229,000 for the same pur- Poses during the ensuing hho ‘And, moreover, as the large sum of $276,000 has been expended for “r pairing and furnishing’ during the last five years, it would appear that the additional appropri- ation of $50,000 now asked tor these purposes is unueces- ba 3 4 and unreasonable. The culminating point er pests $9 be their now aski the taxpayers to place at their disposal nearly $400, more than was needed the previous year. The erry contemplates that instead of increasing the appropriation from $560,000 of last year to $731,211, as now: asked for, it should be reduced to $400,000, which, with the State fund (this year estimated at $205,000) and the $9) authorized by the Legislature and th previous year's: Dalance of “$48,000 on? hand, would amount to $733,000, being $95,000 more than was expended for all purposes during the year 1871. it is not a new thing for the claim of the Board of Edu- cation to be reduced by the Board of Estimate, In the lucation pro- se of nearly 39 year 1871 the sum asked for was reduced 240,000, a8 shown in their schedule of purposes, and in the mes- B And, not- sage of Mayor Kalbfleiseh to the Jolnt . withstanding this large reduction in the amount asked for. the schools Were assatisfactorily conducted as during any previous year. mong the jorty-five members of the Board of Educa- tion there Is no réason to doubt there are as many pure- d men as among the same number in any other de- of society, but the expositions herein contained # trength to the censure expressed by Mayor Kalb- flelsch, in his message of June 6, 1870. In relation to the transactions of the Hoard of Education, that “the merest o in arithinetic must, on examination of these figures, ome at once convinced that there is @ screw loos ewhere.” ACCIDENTALLY SHOT. Monday night last a gang of ronghs went into the liquor store kept by Thomas Vaughey, at the corner of Elizabeth and Spring streets, and after getting several drinks refused to pay forthem., Vaughey remonstrated with them, when they began beating him in @ most brutal manner, Seeing that hia life was endangered Vaughey drew a revolver and dis charged the contents towards the crowd, but un- fortunately did not hit any of them. One shot, how- ever, took effect inthe thigh of Ann McDonald, who chanced to be passing at the time, Vaughey was arrested and yesterday morning taken before Judge Hogan, who committed him to await the result of the woman's injuries, THE TWO ALLENS, What Do the Initials E. A. Stand Fort Astor Housg, NEW YORK, June 25, 1872, To THE EpiTor oF THE HERALD I am no descendant of the late Colonel Ethan Allen of Revolutionary fame, nor am I such an Ego- tistical Ass as my namesake shows himself to be by ENIAN ALLEN. his insulting letter of this guprn! Resvectfullv,