The New York Herald Newspaper, April 22, 1872, Page 3

\ - PENNSYLVANIA. WHAT THE REPUBLICAN SPLIT MEANS, A Talk with Forney—The State Satisfied and » olid for Grant—The Probable Defeat of Hartranft, the Nominee for Governor— The Cincinnati Pot Pourri vs. The Representative of Stability. PrrrsBuRG, April 20, 1872. All along the Pennsylvania line, from Philadel- phia to Pittsburg, and upon all the outposts, the political picket firing has all at once become s0 brisk and determined in the opposing republican camps as to have suddenly developed in the grand army of Grant and administration men a feeling of something like hushed expectation that the ap- proaching Convention at Cincinnati may result in something much more formidable than was at first expected. This critical attitude of the great Key- stone State has come to the front thus suddenly, of course, in consequence of the unpopularity of THE RECENT GUBERNATORIAL NOMINATIONS, ‘and the manner in which it was brought about— foisted upon the party. Every republican paper in the State, not owned or subsidized by the interests that effected the nomination of Hartranft, is out- spoken in denunciation of the Convention as a farce from beginning to end, as not a convention at all, but a parody upon the very name, an insult to the intelligence and character of the republicans of Pennsylvania, a fraud upon the voice of the people. All the best elements of the party are catching up the cry which the career of ‘Tammany started in New York, “Put not your trust im nominating coyventions.” To Hartranft per- sonally little or no objection is made for any active Part he has played to secure his nomination, the ground of opposition to him being that he had no claims to such a high honor, and does not possess the qualifications requisite to a creditable discharge of the duties of Chief Mafisgrate of next to the largest State In the Union in population, and fore- most in importance. All the bitter feeling is due to the fact of his nomination having been SPRUNG UPON THE PARTY in the interest of the personal rule, which has long been too powerful in the State, depending upon a Jong purse for its success, and which long years of triumph have made all but as bold and impudent in its unscrupulousness as was the late Boss Tweed himself, Of course this sudden and unexpected breach in the ranks of a State that can do so much to turn the scales in the next Presidential election is “just nuts” for the “up to Cincinnati’? organs, and is deemed by them a fresh, full breeze, from just the right quarter, to bear their crank craft smoothly along. They, of course, wish it to appear that the offensive nomination was THE WORK OF A FACTION, reselved on the’renomination of Grant at all haz- ards, the result of his patronage, and a part of the programme for the Presidential campaign. Like that sage character in Dickens’ ‘Tale of Two Cities” who, the moment anything went Gey th to his wishes, immediately inferred that his wife had been “tloppin’ ’—as he called her addiction to praying— and straightway proceeded to beat her, wi! ithout further proce of offence, so the “‘up to Cincinnati” organs instantly attribute any differences between republicans to government patronage, shout “Be- hold the work of the Sarrage oficeholders? Aah and seek to saddle upon Grant all responsibility therefor, just asevery low joke was put into the mouth of Lincoln eight years ago. The condition of of men who catch at straws is proverbial, but not for security and confidence. That the disorder in the ranks of the Pennsyl- Vania republicans is purely a local, State affair, has Nothing at all to do with the Presidential question, can : IN NO WAY BE ATTRIBUTED TO GRANT'S INFLUENCE, and will have no effect upon the vote which will give the State to him again by an overwhelming Majority in November, however it may affect the election for Governor and other State officers, can- not be more clearly shown than by giving the sub. stance of a conversation which a representative of the HERALD had with the veteran editor, Colonel John W. Forney. No man knows Pennsylvania better or can_more accurately forecast lier voice and action. For years he has been in the -Keystone what Thurlow Weed long was in the Empire State— a positive power in politics and a most sagacious ree manager, while never seeking office for imself. He daily speaks toa large constituency through the columns of his paper; but a journalist | has always something fresh to say in conversation which he has not said in his printed columns. A card, with “of the New YorK HERALD” upon it, being sent in, there quickly appeared a man on whom years and long service in an arduous calling acem to rest very lightly, leaving him still hate and erect, with an apparent Vigor that bespeaks many more years of activity, usefulness and power. Atfa- bie and easy toa degree that makes one fee! per- fectly at home, he signified an entire willingness for achat on THE SITUATION IN PENNSYLVANIA. “The nomination of Hartranit,” he said, ‘was most unfortunate, as great a blunder as could have been made, so far as Keeping party lines intact is concerned, Not that I have any pi nal dislike to him. He is a good man personally, with an hon- orable war record, but totally unequal to the posi- tion of Governor of this great State. The people did not know him. The nomination was sprung upon us ina most unexpected manner, and the Conven- tion was not really a Convention at all, and the whole proceeding has placed us in a most unfortu- nate situation, But the disaster, if so it shall prove, will have NO EFEECT EXCEPT UPON THE STATE ELEOTION. It will in no wise affect the vote we shall give for Grant. Itis most unjust to attribute Hartranft’s nomination to the President's influence. He had nothing to do with it, and is in no way responsible for it. He cannot be mixed up in the wrangle. ‘What inay be the result at the State election I do not know. Many things are uncertain yet, but GRANT WILL FIND THE RANKS CLOSB FOR HIM.” Here the conversation was interrupted by & caller, who was seeking an appointment to some amall oftice 1 have no places to give now,” said the Colonel. &m out of office myseif, thank God! and have no Places at my disposal.’’ Piss sfppioant withdrew and the Colonel con- unued :— “T resigned that I might be free and independent and devote myself whoily to my work. Iam proud of my profession and enjoy ba iE here in my own castic and workshop. I may not be so inde- endent of the world as the poe of the /RRALD, still 1 am much more independent than in omece. {have a warm personal regard and admira- tion for General Grant, and will make any resonable sacrifice to re-elect him. He gave me an oifice, but L resigned that so as to be able to serve him ‘and Pennsyivania the better. Ido not think THE CINCINNATI CONVENTION will amount to much. There are too inany opposing elements, interests and factions for it possibly to harmonize. If they nominate by Nabil the democrats won’t vote for him, Many democrats | have said to. me that they would sooner vote for Grant than 4 republican nominated at Cincinnati. If they nominate Charles Francis Adams, he is a democrat, and the republicans are not going to de- sert their principles to vote for a man whose record shows he has not been in sympathy with the party for years. It seems to me it will be a Convention of frreconcilabies, in individualities and principles, and Cannot unite in any way that will make them strong. Many of the men going there are personal friends of mine, men of SPOTLESS CHARACTER, PATRIOTIC AIMS AND GREAT ABILITIES, yet, T think, mistaken. Mr. Sumner has long been my warm personal friend. ‘Ihave a great regard for him, and am sorry he has taken the position he nas in this movement. But I do not fear it. I can- not doubt that the people will re-clect General Grant. When I think of the obligation | we are under to him, what he did | in war, how he has ‘managed affairs Jn peace, what a splendid position he gave up at the wish of the people to accept the Presidency, I cannot believe the country will be so ungreatful as not to acknowledge his great services by re-elect- ing him. When we get him before the country ngain the ranks will close up solid for him. We like | im here. He comes here and stays with us, is in- | sted ins. The laboring people like him, the soldiers are a unit for him, and Lam contident of his triumphant re-elecuon. When the canvass opens We stiall show what has been done with the debt, the | general prosperity of the country, our foreign policy and ajl—the old story, you know. Let me walk out hero among my acquaintances and I cannot find Mifty anti-Grant republicans, while Lean find 500 democrats who will vote for Grant. He is THE REPRESENTATIVE OF STABILITY, and that is what the great interests of the coun- try—the merchants and bankers and manufac- tirers—want, He has made imistakes—all men do, Washington did: but the people know they can trust him. Yon will learn before you are as old as » Jum that a sorebead is ainan that the world cares ‘but very little abort. He makes much noise and Pesathad when a eg 4 business comes he will he of no account, So the clamo: peeypennt: Y against Grant POUNDING ON GONGS AND CALLING I? THUNDER! When we take the field again the ‘opposition of republicans will dwindic to a corporal’s guard, and Pennsylvania, however she may resent this unfor- tunate nomination, will stand firmly by Grant. Be sure of that, Our people are very unlike New York people. It is perfectly possible to separate State } and national politics with us, whether they are in- separable or not in New York. We are a very Proud people—prond, but quiet. We are proud of our war record, and are not going back ou the man | be appointe: ' the suffrages of their fellow citizens. ; proud of our great interests ; and we are going to stand by POLICY HAS KEPT US PROSPEROUS. of our character, and the time has come when we will show that men of character, principles and ability, Mot personal ambition and wire-palling, ean sone win the support of our votes.’ rs ‘These sentiments of Colonel Forney seem re- flected in all parts of the State. There is a feeling that Hartranft may be defeated -to rebuke the “Boas” of the convention that nominated him; but nowhere ts there any doubt of unanimity for Grant or any fear of the Irreconcilabie-Sorehead-Pot- Pourr-up-to-Cineinnati Convention, sek: VIRGINIA. The Liberal Movement in the Old Dominion. Virginia Soreheads Preparing for Cincinnati— Judge Davis Their Favorite—Curtin, Greeley or Walker for the Second Place. RicuMonp, Va., April 21, 1872, Almost at the eleventh hour a liberal republican Movement has sprung up in Virginia, which, from the names of those who are prominent in its de- velopment assumes some importance. The ele- ments in the recent Republican Convention held in this city were so inharmonious and the fighting between the federal office-holders and the outside parties was 80 disgraceful that several of the leading REPUBLICANS IN THE STATE BECAME DISAFFECTED and at once opened a correspondence with Senators Schurz, Trumbull and Fenton, at Washington. At the invitation of the latter one of the sorehead republicans visited that city, where a conference was held and a plan of action agreed upon to further the liberal movement here. In accordance with that programme a meeting will be held in this city on Wednesday next, which will be attended by such men as Franklin Stearns, THE WEALTHIEST REPUBLICAN IN THE STATE, and the life-long friend of the late John Minor Botts; Dr. Charles 8. Milla, another wealthy repub- lican Judge Alfred Morton and others. Delega- tions will also be present from Alexandria, Lynch- burg and Norfolk, and if time does not prevent the calling of a regular convention delegates will then to attend the Cincinnati Con- vention. Mr. Stearns is one of the republicans who was prominent in bringing Gilbert C. Walker forward for Governor for this State in 1870, which resulted in such a signal triumph for the conserva- tives, It is further understood that the delegation to be sent from here to Cincinnati will be in- structed, TO SUPPORT JUDGE DAVIS for the Presidency, and either Governor Curtin or Horace Greeley for the Vice Presidency, and rnmor has it that Governor Walker will also be put forward for the latter position. CITY POLITICS. Will There Be an Election Next Month !—The Constitutionality of the New Charter Ques- tioned—Veto or No Veto—Forty-six Mayors—The Political Organi- zations—The Mayoralty. The prorpect of an exciting election next month by the citizens of a Mayor and a board of forty-five Aldermen, as intended to be provided for by the Seventy charter, is fading in the distance. The preparations and aspirations of all who calculated to enter the fleld as candidates for office under the new measure have received an unexpected check; while, on the other hand, the gentlemen at present holding prominent positions in the city govern- ment, and whom the charter was to have guillo- tined, have good reason to calculate on a continuance in office. The generally accepted opinion that the charter of the Seventy is unconstitutional in more than one of its prinetpal provisions, and may, in fact, be vetoed by the Go% ornor, has cooled the ar- dor of party leaders, and would-bo candidates are keeping as shady as possible under this unexpected change of affairs. The question is not now just so much what the Governor will do with this misshapen bantling of reform legislation--for it is almost universally con- ceded that he must veto it—but what action will the Legislature take consequent thereon. The prevalent opinion on this point is that the veto will be the death of the charter. The days of its parturition in the Legislature were so protracted and painful and members were so delighted and relieved at delivery from it that, veto or no veto, they won't be troubled with it again. There is no time now between this and the close of the season to heal the radical defects of the measure, 80 that the veto—if that should be its fate at the hands of the Gov- ernor—wiil be the doom of the reform charter, of which so much has been expected and which has miserably failed in results. THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF THE CHARTER will be subjected, however, to another test should the Governor not veto it, or should it be passed over his veto. The present heads of departments are not going to be unconstitutionally legislated out of rich offices if they can hold on to them le- gally. They are determined if pushed from their stools to take the charter into the Courts and test its constitutionality there. There is high legal au- thority to encourage them in their resolve, and of course plenty of lawyers to take the case in hand. From all appearances, therefore, there is little chance of a spring election under the new_ charter, every prospect that the present heads of depar' ments are secure in their places till the lst of Jan- uary next, and no earthly probability that the half. dozen or 80 spoken-of candidates Tor Mayor will have an opportunity of ventilating their claims to But it might be said that it is not one but FORTY-SIX MAYORS that would have to be elected under the Seventy's charter, inasmuch as the forty-five members com- pate the Board of Aldermen have also, with the layor proper, extensive powers in the appointment and removal of high officials. This completely ignores the first great principle of popular govern- ment responsibility in the chief executive officer of the city, The powers conferred upon the board of Aldermen as to appointments and removals from office are most unusual innovations, and stamp the charter very objectionable and bungling piece of legislation. THE POLTTICAL ORGANIZATIONS had entered upon the work of the canvass, so far Race, for the holding of primaries for the nomi- nation of candidates for Aldermen, but nothing de- finite could be done till after the passage of the charter. Now the measure is itself in such jeopardy that all political movements are at a standstill, and speculation upon what was to come would be waste oftime., What will be the action of the Governor engrosses exclusively the attention of the poli- ticlans, though, as before stated, the general im- pression {s that no election will be held this spring, and that things must go on under the present cha: ter until another Legislature meets, With regard to THE MAYORALTY, It_may be stated that the candidates for that office were exerting all t influences, inside and outside of party lives, in furtherance of individual self, There are more than haif a dozen of these Richmonds in the field, Ex-Sheriff and ex-Member of Congress John Kelly was spoken of in connection with the Tammany interest, and his name was gen- erally favorably received. Ex-Mayor Havemeyer, despite his burden of years, is not averse to take again upon himself the labors of a chief magistrate, Sammy Tilden looks for his reward) in the ‘work of reform to a nomination by hia party. He is again in fall communion with St. Tammany, thongh he still worships occasionally at the shrine of Apollo, in the temple of the ‘reform democracy. Senator O'Bricn, who recently sent an ante-dated resigna- tion to the President of the Senate, but which he | has since withdrawn, has been for some time ing the oracie among his friends aud sappor and the leading men of all parties, in fatheranc: his aspirations, after the Executive chair of the city. Then comes another Ri don the fietd, in the person of Wiillam H. Wickham, chairman of one of the city reform general committees. A, R. Law- rence comes next on the list. Mr. Lawrence has been one of the most active and zealons laborers in the work of city reform, and has contributed a | great deal to the success of which has attended that movement. He is, however, opposed on constitu- tional grounds to the Seventy’s charter, and, in conjunction with Henry L. Clinton, has drawn up and submitted an opinion to the Governor on the illegality of cumulative voting as pro- vided for by that instrument, The name of H. G,. Stebbins, formerly Chairman of the Committee of Seventy and now President, and Treasurer of the Department of Public Parks, is prominently spoken of in reform circles. The probabilities, however, are that the gentic- men will have to possess their souls with what patience they can command until the fall, when the regular election of a Mayor, in the usual manner of voting, will most likely take place. In the mean- time it is as well that the citizens should know b forehand the men who aspire, cue their saf- Trages, to till the highest office in the city, | ' FANNY HYDE, Set ietieindeeanenetied THE END OF A REMARKABLE TRIAL. The Jury Disagree and Are Discharged. Ten for Acquittal and Two for Man- slaughter in the Third Degree. An Extraordinary Proposition by the Ten Jury- men—They Offer to Agree to a Verdict of Manslaughter in the Fourth Degree and To Pay the Prisoner’s Fine— The Two Dissenting Jurors Refasing to the Last, The strange spectacle of a Supreme Conrt in ses- sion on Sunday was witnessed for the first time in Brooklyn yesterday, when the Court of Oyer and Terminer opened to receive the jury empanelled in the case of Fanny Hyde, the alleged murderess of of George W. Watson. The jury had beén locked up all night by order of Judge Tappen, and when they appeared in Court at seven o'clock yesterday morn- ing they looked pale and weary. It was evident that none of them had enjoyed much sleep. They had been sent out at midnight Saturday, after they had em- phatically asserted that there was no possibility of agreeing upon a verdict, but Judge Tappen thought that they ought to consult longer, and ordered them therefore to be confined for the night. Judge Tappen and Associate Justices Voorhees and Johnson were on the Bench yesterday morn- ing. Notwithstanding the early hour and the Sab- bath day, there were many persons in the court room anxious to learn the result of the jury’s de- liberations, The foreman, Mr. Hugh Allen, stated to the Court that they then stood just the same as when they first went out, and that it was impossible for them to agree upon a verdict. Judge Tappen inquired if there were any further instructions that would probably lead them toa conclusion, ‘The foreman replied emphatically in the negative. Judge Tappan said that this was an important case, and he had deemed it his duty to keep them out a8 long ashe had, As there was no possibility of their agreeing, he discharged them. They were out twenty-nine hours. IN THE JURY ROO! It subsequently transpired that ten of the jury- men were in favor of acquittal and two in favor of rendering @ verdict of manslaughter in the third degree. ‘The latter two were Mr. Allen and Mr. Tapscott. They adhered to this to the very last. ‘he ten, it is sald, offered a compromise on man- slaugter in the fourth degree, and said if the two would agree to that verdict they, among them- selves, would raise $1,000 to pay the prisoners’ fine. The penalty for the offense is either fine or imprisonment, The two jurymen peremptorily de- clined to agree to anything of the kind, and ad- hered to the stand taken by them to the last. A REMARKABLE TRIAL. Thus ends probably the most remarkable and in- teresting trial that has ever taken place in Kings county. The cases of Radtzky, the Spanish mur- derers Gonzales and Pellcier, Edward Perry, the assassin of Private Watchmen Hayes and Yates, the murderer of Policeman Curran—all excited a great dea) of public interest, but. nothing like that felt in the case of Fanny Hyde. This was District Attor- ney Britton’s first murder trial since he has held the office of District Attorney. He was opposed by Samuel D. Morris, who has had great experience in murder trials, having been once Connty Judge and for nine years District Attorney. The prosecution was con- ducted in a dignified and able manner, and Mr. Brit- ton’s closing address to the jury was considered by members of the bar as one of the most brilliant ef- forts ever made under such circumstances. Mr. Morris was assisted by General Catlin, Thomas E. Pearsalland P. Keady. His examination of medi- cal experts and his address to the jury showed pro- found research, WHAT NEXT? Mrs. Hyde wept when she was remanded to jail yesterday after the discharge of the jury. District Attorney Britton will try her again at the next term of the Court, in June. In the meantime an effort will be made to adinit her to ball. To-day her coun. sel wiil make an application to have her releas on bail until the next trial. Counsel on both 8 have been taught a great deal by the experie ft this trial, and it is thought that the next will be fully as interesting as the first has heen. THE TWO DISSENTING JURORS are Hugh Allen (the foreman) and James J. Tap- scott. Mr. Allen resides at 189 Harrison str is a shipping examined he could rt ty merchant and married, When to his competency as a juror he said ler a verdict according to the evi- dence, He had no bias and no conscientious seruples against capital punishment. Mr, Tapscott resides at 74 Cohimbia street, is a i shipping merchant and unmarried, He scruples about capital punishment, and preferred that some one else should serve. He had never served on a jury before, but he could render a ver- dict according to the evidence. THE TEN remaining jurors are:—W. W. Rouse, 104 Court street; Martin J, Cooley, 615 Henry street; Charles R. Bloomer, 61 Devoe street; Henry Hewitt, 2! Eighteenth street; Charles C, Curtis, 270 Hen street; James M. Rowan, 655 Pacific street; Jaco! H. Brown, 212 Wilson street; John R. Dayton, 356 Schremerhorn street; Alfred Armstrong, 247 South Ninth street, and Mr. Cregier, THE CASINO SHOOTING AFFAIR. tenia Two Victims Instead of One—Condition of the Wounded Men. The. disturbance that took place in Houston street¥on Sunday morning ended more fatally than ‘was at first supposed. Clemmens, the young man who wae carried to Police Headquarters, had been scarcely removed from the Fourteenth precinct station house when another man, named John Cummings, of 302 West Twenticth street, was sent into the station house, suffering from a wound received in the same general fight. Cummings was not so badly injured as Clemmens, as the ball had only entered the cheek, passing out again at the back of the head. His wound was dressed by the police surgeon, and he left the station house for his home. Through the courtesy of Warden Brennan a reporter of the HrraLp was permitted an interview with Charles Clemmens yesterday at | Bellevue Hospital. He stated that the disturbance was the result of a disagreement that took pivce on Saturday last among a number of young men who live up town. What the original cause of the bad feeling was he could not tell, as he was not con- nected with it. They seemed, as far as he | could judge, to be a perty of friends who had got jipto some misunderstanding and | they were talking it out. On Sunday morning, & | few minutes after the dancing had ended at the Casino, and as the people were leaving the place, the dispute broke out again. Ciemments noticed one young wan more nolsy than the rest, and wishing to PUT A STOP TO THE NOIRE if he could, he tapped him on the shoulder and | asked him to walk aside for ® moment. | This young man, whose name he did not know, immediately pulled a_ pistol, fired two shots at him and then rushed down the stairs to the ladies’ dressing room and by that means gotaway. As he was going down the stairs, however, he turned half round and fired a third shot that Clemmens sald he thought must have been the one that injured Cummings. When Clem- mens tapped = the young man the shoulder to attract his attention the fo mer turned rapidly and seeing who it that accosted, said, “Oh, ite you, Is it? I hear you can fight,” and then he drew the Weapon. McNamee, Who Was arrested by Captain | Clinchy, and whom Lynci identifies as the man | who fired the pistol, Clemmens said {s entirely in- | nocent of any such thing. McNamee was his MOST INTIMATE FRIEND, and never carried a pistol. But McNamee and Clemmens are now under bonds to appear as witnesses in Officer Tully's case, Clemens slept the greater part of the day yesterday, whiie his mother watched by the bedside, but his conditton during the night was very critical. The physicians have not yet found the bullet, and they consider the case ap extremely dangerous one. Tle | is a young map, about twenty-four years of age, | has offered any resi worth about $24,000 that hit father left him when he died, two yeare ago. The rumor that | gained currency on Sunday morning to the effect that “Butt Riley’? was concerned | in the affair is entirely without foundation, as he was not in the neighborhood of the Casino at the | time of the diMiculty, Namee and the witness | Lynch were taken to the Tombs yesterday morning, and McNamee was committed to await the result of Clemp: ens inj: 8. SENTENCED TO DEATH, Memrnis, Tenn., April 21, 1872, In the Supreme Court at Jackson, Tenn., yester- day the verdict of guilty in the Criminal Court of this city against Don Smith (colored), fer the mur- der of Mr. Merriweather last summer, near this city, was affirmed, and sentence of death pro- nounced, THE GREAT DRIFT PROBLEM, Professor Agassiz on His Way to Patagonia. From Rio to Montevideo—Quarterdeck Lectures and Salt Water Experiments—Northern and Sout Drift—The Professor Quar- jed—Goes Ashore—Is Arrested with Rocks in His Pockets. Unirep STATES Coast SURVEY STEAMER HASSLER, MONTEVIDEO, Feb, 26, 1872. Early on the morning of the 15th of February we left the harbor of Rio Janeiro, where we had lain for some three weeks. The weather was not very pleasant, and our last glimpses of Rio and its environs were through a heavy mist, which soon became @ drizzling rain, At nine o'clock we took our departure from Raz Island, distant about ten miles, the course being fixed at southwest-half- south, The wind, at first somewhat irregular in. force, s00n freshened jnto quite a severe gale, which at last compelled us to lay to until it abated, Fully two-thirds of our first forty-eight hours out were spent in this manner, the sea running very high, and often dashing completely over us. No material damage resulted, our only losses being the PEAK OF THE SPANKER GAFF and one of.the leadsman’s platforms. On the 17th we were able to resume our course with tolerably pleasant weather and fair winds, which continued for several days. On the 20th one cast of the dredge was made in about fifty fathoms of water, but the bottom was found to be muddy and but few spect- mens were secured. The following day we en- countered another gale and were again forced to head up to the wind, but resumed our course ina few hours. On the 22d SEVERAL DREDGES WERE MADE as we approached the mouth of the Rio de 1a Plata, and were more successful than the last, bringing up a number of living specimens, chiefly mollusce. On one of the days when the weather was propitious we had a lecture from Professor Agassiz on a sub- ject which, a8 we near Patagonia, is rapidly be- coming very prominent in our thoughts, viz., that of “Glactal Action.” Some explanation may be ne- cessary to make our hopes and anticipations upon this Subject and its connection with our work ap- parent. Our last sight of the coast of New England when we started on this cruise was from TARPAULIN COVE, OFF NAUSHON, the largest of the Elizabeth Islands, Two rocky bluffs, rising near the sea, constituted a very con- spicuous feature in this somewhat barren land- scape, but were chiefly interesting from the fact that about their origin and the origin of similar ones there have probably been more disputes and controversy than upon any other scientific question, On examining them and their surroundings more closely it has been found that between them lies a conglomerate composed of clay, sand or loam, and interspersed with rocks or boulders of various sizes, shapes and materials. These boulders are not ar- ranged With any reguiarity as regards their position in the mass, but they have one characteristic which is almost uniform. Whenever their chemical or physical constitution is such that they will bear ex- posure to atmosyheric and other influences without undergoing disintegratéon their surfaces are found to be MARKED IN A PECULIAR AND DISTINCTIVE MANNER. They are polished often to as high a degree of smoothness a8 could have been attained by artifi- cial means, and are grooved, the grooves always running in straight lines, never in curves. Some- times mud or sand is found adhering to the surface of these boulders or filling up the grooves, looking asifit had been subjected to great pressure. A short distance from these rocks one might find on thesea beach pebbles and stones consisting of the same mate@Mls—quartz, granite, feldspar, lime- stone, &c.—but having an Kgs distinct appear- ance, being rough, rounded, washed clear by the action of the water, and being neither polished nor grooved. It has been found that there are spread over the whole northern part of our Continent immense quantities of a loose de- posit, often two or three hundred feet in thick- ness, and containing boulders, the vast majority of which are mar in this Way. The underlying rock is also generally found to be smoothed and hed in a similar manner, and grooved with * varying in gize from such a8 are made by an engraver on steel or glass to furrows a foot or more in depth, These grooves have always one general direction, RUNNING FROM NORTH TO SOUTIT, and are found on the north side of elevations of ground and not on the others. ‘They invariably pre- sent the same direct, continuons, réctilin eries, and may be found, by a careful examination, on every hill in our land whose composite material stance to disintegrating intl ences. In some places long lines or ridges of loose sand, stones and rocks extend for miles nearly parallel to each other. The same appearances have heen observed in the northern parts of other con- tinents, and for a long while nothing definite as to their cause was kuown, although a number of theories existed. ‘They were for some time ascribed to floods, cata- racts, inundations or mighty tidal waves, which, sweeping across a country, were supposed to have carried with them these various materials and to have produced the markings described by bringing them in contact with the surfaces over which they passed, They were therefore called by geologists drift, the term being used to denote both the loose ieee gravel and the boulders which it con- tains. The difference already pointed out between drift rock and those which have been waterworn, the regularity in the character of the markings, their constant southward direction and the immense size of some of the boulders, exceeding TWENTY THOUSAND CUBIC FERT, are evident and mighty arguments against the the- ory of transportation by water, and it is not now considered to be at all tenable. About the com- mencement of the present century some Swiss shepherds conceived and promulgated the idea that all these appearances could be accounted for by glacial action, and subsequently Venetz and Charpentier demonstrated that the glaciers must formerly have been much more extensive than at the present day. In regions where the average annual tempera- ture exceeds thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit the snow which falis Is gradually changed into ice, which is called “glacial.” It differs from ordinary pond or river ice in not being stratified with lines of separation between the layers, marked by bubbles | of air; but it 1s, on the contrary, made up of angular fragments formed by the compression of the snow, When on a high mountain a certain level is passed a similar state of affairs is found to exist; but here the attraction of gravitation, together with the vis @ tergo of fresh falls of snow, induces a gradual coune er motion of the whole mass, so that gla- clers DESCEND TWO OR THREE THOUSAND FEET or more into regions where they could not possibly have been formed. They carry with them during this descent great quantities of stone and earth frozen into their lower surfaces, and long linies of rocks and clay, which fall upon them from the sides of the hills, and are called ‘“movaines.” It may easily be imagined that the immense snperincum- bent weight of the glac pressing together the rocks which it carries with it, and the surface over which ft moves, are sufficient to polish and groove them both. When it ay comes to rest, and is melted or rot by heat and other agencics, the various materials which it carried are left rest- ing upon the subjacent ground, and the ‘‘movaines” form the long parallel ridges already mentioned, On account of these and a multitude of other facts Professor Agassiz came to the conclusion, some thirty years ago, that the whole of the North- ern Hemisphere of our globe must at one time have been covered by avast sheet of ice, which trans- ported the boulders, rounded the hills and polished and grooved the rocks, and he then established the giacial theory, as it now exists, The truth of this theory has since been so fully demonstrated that there is probably not one living geologist who doubts it, and the time during which this movement took place constitutes in geological chronology a division of the post-tertiary period, aud is known as the glacial epoch. One interest in these facts at the present time ts due to the following causes :—In the whole Southern Hemisphere no one has ever described a singlo ledge of rock as bearing the marks which wero shown by Professor Agassiz to exist over the entire northern half of our globe. It is known that there | are loose materials. SCATTERED OVER SOUTH AMBRICA, but Darwin, who investigated this region many years ago, ascribed them to the tropical torrents Spreading over the pampas, and says he saw no auch markings. In a lotter sent by Professor Agassiz to Professor | Benjamin Pierce, to which allusion has been made in @ previous communication, after speaking of the origib of the theory that glaciers had more than a local significance, the Professor wrote as follows :— “There is, however, one kind of evidence wanting to remove every nay ag doubt that the greater extension of glaciers in former ages was connected with cosmic changes in the physical condition of our globe. All the phenomena related to the glacial period must be found in the Southern Hemisphere with the same characteristic features as in the north, with this essential dimerence, that RVBRYTHING MUST BE KEVERSED— that is, the trend of the glacial abrasion must be NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, APRIL 22, 1872—TRIPLE SHEET. from the south northward; the lee side of rocks must be on the north aide of hills and moun- tain ranges, and the boulders must have been de- rived from rocky exposures, to the south of their present position, Whe this is 80 or not has not yet been ascertained by direct observation. 1 expect to find it so throughout the temperate and cold zones of the Southern Hei here, with the sole exception of the present glaciers of Terra del Fuego and Patagonia, which may have transported boulders in every direction.” In the lecture, which he delivered on the quarter-deck, the Professor reiterated those opinions, and predicted that the next land at which we would touch would give un- mistakable evidence of glacial action. ‘This lecture was followed by one on “Classifica- tion,” and we have also had the pleasure of listen- ing to the first of a course of instructive discourses by Dr. Thomas Hill, ce) physicist of the expedi- tion, Immediately after leaving Rio a series of ob- servations upon the ORGANIC MATTER AND SALTS OF SEA WATER were commenced, and a former series upon its tem- perature and specific gravity were resumed. Our approach to the point where the Rio Plata pours its immense volume of tinted and discolored water, the drainage of half a continent, into the ocean, was marked by these tests twelve hours before Cape Santa Maria came into sight, which was about noon on the 22d, From this hy measuring to Cape San Antonia, the width of the river 1s 170 miles; but here, at Montevideo, it has decreased to fifty-three. The same appearance that Darwin noticed when he entered this river in 1882 was very perceptible as we steamed up it on the morning of the 22d—that is, the slowness with which the waters of the sea and river mixed, the latter, from its less specific gravity, floating, muddy and discolored, ean the surface of the salt water. By six o'clock e DOME AND TOWERS OF THE CATHEDRAL, the ey building of the city, were plainly visible, and at eight o'clock we dropped anchor in the Bay of Montevideo, a shallow indentation in the northern shore of the river, about one and a half mile in diameter. The city—the present capital of Uruguay—stands on a gently rising ground on the east aide of the bay. On the west side is El Cerro, or the mount, from which the city takes its name. It rises to the height of 465 feet at three-quarters of amile the beach, and is crowned by a fort, on which there isa lighthouse, serving as a conspicu- ous and casily recognized landmark. We were soon visited by the Health Officer of the port, who, to our surprise and disgust, AWARDED US FIVE DAYS OF QUARANTINE, and compelled us to shift our position to the outer harbor. He gave as bis reason for this action the fact that we had touched at Pernambuco for twenty- four hours; although while there we had the least possible communication with the town, and although more than a month had elapsed since we left there. In addition to these arguments we advanced the facts that we had not a single case of sickness on the vessel and had a clean bill of health from Rio; but all without avail, We have had some consola- tion in the receipt of our mail, it having twice made the passage between here and Rio in pursuit of us. On the evening after our arrival A DELIGHTFUL SERENADE WAS GIVEN TO THE LADIES on board by the brass band of the flagship Lancas- ter, sent over to us with the compliments of Admi- ral Lanman. On the next morning Professor Agassiz, having with much diMculty obtained per- mission to visit the mountain or hillon the west shore, went there with a couple of companions from the vessel. The result was what he had anticipated and we had all desired, We found the hill to con- sist of vertical strata of silicious clay slate pierced by small quartz veins, both materials being of great hardness, yet WORN OFF EQUALLY INTO ROUNDED OUTLINES. Scattered over the mount were also large granite pebbles, undoubtedly erratic, differing in all physl- cal characteristics from their surroundings and haviig been transported from their original home, possibly hundreds of miles away in the heart of some mountain range, by tte same power that had worn the jagued, irregular edges of the strata into the form of the roches moutonnes of the Alps. The surface markings seen in the Northern -Hemisphere are more rare here on account of the greater ac- tivity of the erosive and disintegrative forces; but the above appearances, ecu only marking the first footstep in a vast, untrodden field, were amply suficient to CONFIRM THE PROFESSOR'S THEORY and establish the correctness of his assertions. A laughable mishap occurred to the party while engaged in investigating these phenomena. A de- scent was made upon them by a vigilant guardian of the suburban safety, who, although not armed “in complete steel,” carried a sabre long enough to have furnished the material for a full suit of armor, He escorted them, with sundry glances of distrust and suspicion at THE ROCKS WITH WHICH THEIR HANDS AND POCKETS ‘WERE FILLED, to the nearest guard house. There they were for- tunate enough to find an officer, who, on learning the facts of the case, immediately set them at liberty, The me perils of the followers of scientific truth have decreased since the days of Galileo, but it is evident that they have not en- tirely vanished, While we have remained here, waiting for coal, the observations on the water have'been continued with the view of determining the relative effects of the tides and the currents as caused by the wind, found to predominate greatly on the surface, a fresh wind froma southerly or southeasterly ‘direction increasing the saltness of the water in spite of @ strong ebb tide. The existence of a bottom layer, denser and salter than that on the surface, was also established and its variations noted, It may seem that the question of drift is foreign to the purpose of the expedition, which is primarily deep sea dredging, but the following paragraph from the Professor's letter will make their conne tion at once apparent:—“If drift is not of glacial origin, but the product of marine currents, its for- mation at once becomes ® matter for the Coast Survey to investigate, and I believe that it will be found in the end that, so far from being accumu- lated by the sea, the drift of THE LOWLANDS OF PATAGONIA have been worn away to the present extent by the continued encroachments of the ocean, in the sam manner as the northern shores of South America and Brazil have been.” We hope to find, during the next month, a number of facts tending to estab- lish firmly the accuracy of this belief. Our mai! here, being first recelved in a tin box and fumigated, will be taken ashore to await the departure of the next English steamer. As soon as the weather will permit us to receive on bourd the necessary supplies of coaland water we will pro- ceed southward, the next place from which we will be able to communicate with the States probably being Sandy Point, Patagonia. MURDEROUS APFRAYS IN BROOKLYN GIN SALOONS, One Man Fatally Stabbed and Two Seriously Injured. ‘There were two murderous affrays in Brooklyn gin saloons on Saturday night, and in one case the probabilities are that it will result fatally. ‘TNE FIRST AFFRAY into a dispute after having imbibed rather’ freely, anda rough and tumble fight followed. Wres had some of his ribs broken, and he then set da nent, inflicting serious if not fatal injuries about the head," The ery of ‘Police’ attracted some ofiicers of the Eighth precinct, and the wounded men were removed to the hospital. THE SECOND AFFRAY occurred at a late hour, in the liquor saloon of James Hayes, 190 Twenty-first street, between two men, named Thomas Lowery and Mathew Bradley The parties, it is said, had been drink- ing and were quarrelsome, and they got into an altercation, which led to blows. In the course of the affray Bradley got his pocket knife out and stabbed Lowery in the abdomen, inflicting a wound which the physicians pronounce of a fatal character. Bradley was ar- rested by Roundsman Driscoll, of the Eighth pre- cinct, and locked up to await the result of the in juries inflicted, and the wounded map was taken to his home, ROBBERY IN A HOTEL. An Aged Professor of Music Losing His Money and His Watch. Professor G. W. ® Jones, of the Madison Avenue Hotel, went to Police Headquarters yesterday afternoon and complained to Captain Irving that Nora Flanagan, of 224 West Twenty-fourth street, who had been formerly employed as a servant in the hotel, had robbed him on Satur- day night of $200 in money and a gold watch worth $70. The Professor, a portly gentleman, who is seventy-six years old, gave Detectives Clapp and Walling a description of the girl, and the officers started ont to look for her. As Norahad held a situation in Prince street before going to Madison avenue the detectives went to look for her in that locality, and were fortunate enough, after A SHORT SEARCH, to meet the young lady in question. They took her to the Central office, and upon searching her found the Professor's gold watch and $60 in money. Dora’s, story is that the Professor has been atten- tive to her since she left the Madison Avenue Hotel, and, by appointment, she met him on Thurs- day bight last ON THE CORNER OF EIGHTH STREET and Third avenue. He then desired her to call at the hotel on Saturday night, and she did so, The Professor also cautioned her against letting any one see her as she went through the hotel; but this she was unable to do, as Mrs. Babcock, the proprictress, met her on the staircase and she could not avoid talking to the lady, She went into the hotel at nine o'clock in the evening and left it about two o'clock in the morning. ‘The Professor assured the prisoner yesterday in the cell that none of th® particulars of the case would be published in the papers, as he was all-powerful with the press, especially the HERALD. ra will be sent before Judge Hogan, at the Tombs, this morning. Ann Casgrove, residing at 95 Ninth avenue, ap- peared before Justice Ledwith yesterday afternoon and complaéned that on Saturday night last Hugh ve other young men entered her house pea ede tA ts and forcibly outraged her person, after which they stole several articles of jewelry and money frou the house, was in Volman’s liquor saloon, at the cor- ner of Thirteenth street and Fifth avenue, South Brooklyn. Two men, named Ke- | ferd Wresden and _ Henr, Mahler, = got knife with which he made an assault on his oppo- | Schoolship Mercury, of the New Yor| Charities and Correction—The Con- | duct and Appearance of the Boys—Miscellaneous News. Rio JANEIRO, March 23, It would seem as if every one of my later l@rs sent from Rio to the HERALD readers has borrghe intelligence of the death of some prominent here, either connected with the affairs of the zilian government or in the service of some ofhe foreign Powers. I am now reluctantly complied to add to the list the name of M. Nicholas Bodbo, Secretary of the Russian Legation to Brazil, w! decease will be a matter of more than commonn- terest to Americans, inasmuch as he was bornpn American soil, and his mother was an Amerin lady, and he has a large circle of friends in Ame! His brother, occupying the post of Consul Gen@l, of Russia in the United States, has lately foi one of the suite of the Grand Duke Alexis dur his American tour, and will be grievously pained| learn of the loss of this absent member of family. M. Bodisco, with the other members of the dipll matic corps, has been passing this unusually heate| summer at Petropolis, a beautiful village amon, the mountains, four hours from Rio, and the Very sailles of Brazil, the summer residénce of the Cor and the resort of the wealth and fashion of Ri Bodisco was occupying apartments at tha Hotel Biraganza at Petropolis. Though stout, an SEEMING PHYSICALLY WELL, yet during a number of weeks he has occasionally, complained of feeling ill, though no one aferibed it to anything more than the customary enevation of, the hot summer days. Three or four ecg sto to his death he made a visit to Rio upg business’ of the Legation, but was unable/to attend to it, and returned to Petropolis as sooy as he could, make the journey, and while in the ‘city was 80 affected by proplosl weakness that heremained at! the house of a friend, not attempting to go any- where at all. Returning to Petropolis quite ill, he immediately upon reaching his chamber in the hotel sent for his physician, Dr. Toré, who prescribed for him. The prescription, however, seemed to do him no good, and in the night HE CONTINUALLY GREW WORSE, until Dr. Eiras, a Brazilian ae occupying the next chamber, was called in. It is belleved that the remedies so promptly applied by Dr. Eiras saved M. Bodisco’s life at that time, and he ex- pressed himself afterwards as having every con- fidence in Dr. Biras. ‘The convalescence of M. Bodisco was very slow, and at times he expressed himself as having a presentiment that he should not live through the phos yet this my be ascribed to the dejection and low spirits resulting from his ilness—disease of the liver, Feeling somewhat better than usual, on the 2d of March he indulged in a hearty dinner, and afterwards took a drive to the top of the hills, as is customary there, to meet the travel coming in 4 from Rio. Afterwards he passed the evening wit! pelenee Panis, whist until eleven o'clock, when he returned to his hotel. The next morning, the 3d, Colonel R. C. Shannon, + Secretary of the American Legation, had just. re- turned from his bath to his rooms and was dress- ing, when Mr, Gomez Ferreira came to his door and asked him if he had not heard a noise in M, Bo- disco’s room, which was opposite. Colonel Shan- non said he had heard ia when Senhor Fer- refra said that for the last two hours he thought he had heard groans and even cries proceeding from M. Bodisco’s room, and he feared that something was wrong. Colonel Shannon instantly went tothe door of the room and tried it and found it fastened on the inside. He then called out to M. Bodisco, but the only answer was A PROLONGED GROAN. Colonel Shannon, without further delay, burst open the door, and found Bodisco extended on the floor, lying on his face, breathing with great dim- culty, and with hardly the power of speech, The Colonel immediately gave the alarm, and in a mo- ment Dr. Eiras was treating the sufferer, He was found to have suffered a paralytic shock in the left side, and the doctor pronounced it to have been immediately caused by the severe attack of indigestion from which he had been suf- fering. During that day, the 3d, he was exceed- | ingly sick, and most of the time deranged, At niglit he grew calmer, and appeared better, but the next morning all hope was abandoned, and at half- past three on the afternoon of the 4th he passed ‘away from earth, after having received every at- tention and care on the part of the physicians, the people of the hotel, and his colleagues, all of whom happened to be present in Petropolis, ex- cepting Mr. Anspaach, the Belgian Minister. THE FUNERAL CERGMONIES took place on the next day, the oth, at_ the German Protestant church, Senhor Mesquita ofMiciating. The ises were conducted in Portugeese, and were simplest chara —at Chapter read from the fe, and a short extempore prayer. The following gentlemen served as pall bearers :— Count Koskul, the Russian Minister; Hon. James R. | Partridge, Ame Envoy and Minister; Colonel R. C. Shannon, Secretary United States Legation ; Mr. Phipps, Secretary British Legation; Senhor Gen- til, Secretary Portuguese Legation; Marquis Can- nete, of the Italian Legation. ‘The remains were buried in a specially prepared grave in the Catholic cemetery, and can at any fa- ture time be easiiy uncovered, should his family de- sire toremove tliem. This most lamentable inci- dent suddenly gave Petropolis a very melancholy look, that must cast its shadow over the remainder of the season, M. Bodisco had been in Brazil nearly or quite a ear, he having succeeded Count Schmeernott, He haa won the esteem and interest of all who had | met him and was a general favorite. His mother | was Miss Williams, of Georgetown, D. C,, and he was born in the city of Washington in'1844. THE NEW YORK SCHOOL SHIP MEROURY, Captain Pierre Giraud, under the immediate gov- ernment of the New York Commission of Charities and Correction, has been here. She came in on the Ist of March and remained until the 12th, and was an object of uncommon interest. Never was anything of the kind seen in the harbor of Rio before—a ship load of nearly three hundred Log be chattering like monkeys, reading, sewing or lying around deck during hours of leisure; but during drill or exercise quick, apt, obedient, accomplishing more actually than the same number of sailor men in the same time, as, for instance, loosing or furling sail, in which they excite the admiration and surprise of all witnesses, The only school they have known has been the streets of New York, and while they may have learned there much of evil they have, as well, learned ch of human nature, the keenest per- ception, quickness of movement, and so it has not | all been bad; and when they come on board this vessel they have ample opportu- nity to practice their better traits, they havo good influence surmounting them, and imbibe that | justifiable spirit of independence which ts a part of sailor life. The result must be that from them many will become worthy and efficient seamen, to become identified with that extensive marine service which we earnestly hope is in the American future. The Mercury is admirably adapted to this service, and ts as clean as a pet man-of-war, THE SIGHT OF THE SCHOOLROOM, with its forty desks and 120 boys behind them, is worth seeing. ‘The Commission were certainly fortunate in se- curing the serv! of Captain Giraud. A most com- plete and finished seaman, he is at the same time a polished and cultivated genuleman. Few officers, regular or volunteer, have seen the arduous war vervice of Captain Girand, or won such enviable reputation, and though he attained the highest rank in the volunteer service, and the regular ser- vice was open to him, le resigned his post and com- mission when it was certain the war was over, choosing not to remain where he was liable to be under the orders of some uniformed stripling, to whom he could teach both naval courtesy and sea- manship. A son of New York, he is, then, emi- nently fitted for the responsible station in which he has been placed. The Mercury was visited by many here, amon, them Captrin Brooker, R. N., senior British Naval @fiicer here, and with Captain Girand he visited every part of the vessel, expressing himself as pe- culiatly pleased with the ship and its appearance, and the excellence of the plan. ‘THE BIRTHDAY OF THE PRINCESS REGENT occurred while the Mercury was at anchor Bore and all the snipping in the harbor was cressed x i bunting, and for the first time the flags of New York State and city—blue ground and white coat of arms—were displayed in Rio harbor, and as they flew aloft from the Mercury's topgallancmasts tney excited the interest and al el wonder 0! val as well as merchant men, moaptain Giraud, on his course here from the Canaries, inside the Cape de Verdes, then bes a direct line to Bahia, on the Brazilian coast, has e soundings, making in one taken regular deep sea ah instance nearly, 1f not quite, 3,000 fathoms, and hag gone into the scientific part of it, ascertaining the Character of the soil as those depths, and deep and surface temperature, and thus making the New York Commission of Charities and Correction ns of universal benefit to mankind, ptain Girand sailed from here for St. Helena, thence to Barbados and St. Thomas, and then to | New York, which he expects to reach in two months one ere no American men-of-war here, have not had in some time, and cannot tell when there will be any. Perhaps when the ten new sloops-of-war are built one of them will come here, on her way somewhere else, At present the Brazilian coast rarely sees an American naval vessel, and it does seem as if could the American Congress take a look this way and see the matter not alone as Americans see it, but as all foreigners see it, and could the American naval authorities remember that there ts a large American representation here in Brazil and an extensive American business, the; would certainly maintain something on this cous! which might be considered a feet, | ' ; {