The New York Herald Newspaper, September 22, 1871, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET, JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. All business or news letter and telegraphic despatches must be addressed New York UERatp. Letters and packages should be properly vealed, Rejected communications will not be re- turned, AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BOOTHS THEATRE, 284 et, bet = Tur Livre Derrorive. er nn een aa WOOD'S MUS! ances afternoon M, Broadway, corner 30th st.—Perform- id evening—LEAH, THE FORSAKEN, autor RY THEATRE, Bowery.—Brntua, THE SEWING NE GIR NIBLO’S GARDEN, Broadway, Houston sts.—Cakt, THE FIDDLED. between Prince and GRAND OPERA HOUSE, corner of Sth av. ana 234 sh— Oorry Goort. FIFTR AVENUE THEATRE, Twenty-fourth street. Tur New Dnana or Divoncr. WALLACK’S THEATRE. Broadway and 13th street.— A Day IN PaRis—LURLINE. OLYMPIC THEATRE. Broadway.—Tum Bauer PaN- TOMIues OF HuMPry DuMPTy, STADT THEATRE, 45 and 47 Bowery.—Tor Orrna oF TBOVATORR. GLOBE THEATRE, 728 Broadway.—NEGRO EcoRNtEI- CITIES, BURLESQURS, &C. LINA EDWIN'S THEATRE. No. 720 Broadway.—KELLY & Leon's MInsTRris, UNION SQUARE THEATRE, corner of Fourteenth street and Broadway.—NzGR0 ACTS—BURLESQUE, BALLET, 20. SAN FRANCISCO MINSTREL HALL, 58 Broadway.— THz SAN FRANCISCO MINSTRELS. BRYANT'S NEW OPERA HOUSE, 231 at, and 7th avs.—BRYANT'S inernura, ape kere TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, No. _ Nexo Eccenrnicitixs, BURLESQUES, eo. sereneey TWENTY-EIGHTH STREET 0! way.—NEWOOMB & ABLINGT A HOUSE, corner MINSTRELS, STEINWAY HALL, Fourteenth atreet.— INeTEUMENTAL Gonchar, vagy biases CENTRAL PARK GARDEN.—Tazopor: T ’ SuMuEn Nicurs’ Concerrs. OT eee TERRACE GARDEN, 58th street, betwee Sdavs.—JoLiEN's CONCERTS. Breen eciann bad AMERICAN INSTITUTE EXHIBITION, and Birty-tirdatrect,-Opea day and eveniage ns rea TRIPLE SHEET. New York, Friday, September 22, 1871. —- CONTENTS OF TO-DAY’S HERALD, PaGgE. 1—Advertisements. @—Advertisements. $—Tammany’s fumbledown: The City's Liabill- tles Announced— $97,000,000 Permaneut Debt— Floaung Debt Unknown; The ‘Boss’ Speaks a Piece; & poling ton a Fight in the Courts and Ready to Buy More Real Estate; “Squire” Sweeny's Stamps; He Finds the Funds for Paying Of the Park Laborers; Hilton's Hints on Park Policy; The Seventy Solons After the Scaips of the Tammany Braves; The Voucher Vitiaius Caged; Arrest of the Court House Janitor, His Wife and the Assistant Janitor; ‘rhe Documents Burned; What Business Men ‘Think of the Muddle, 4—Tamiuauy’s Tumbleaown (Continned from Third Page)—Vepar:ment of Docks—The Na- tonal Game—The Jersey Railroad Lease Ques- tion—Accidental Poisoning—New York Roughs in Hoboken—The Mount Washington Ob- servatory. 5—Egspt and America: American Army Officers in the Service of Egypt—Fieetwood Park: Third Day ol the September Trotting Meeting—The Col ‘The Gold Excitement in Wall Street— Foreigi, Miscollencous and Notes reign Perennal Gossip—A a Girl Bewitched. - 6—Editor Leading Article, “A Word to Our Responsible | Citizens—A » to Have a Commune in New York *’—Amusement Announcements. é y—News trom France, Germany, England, Bel- gium, Italy, Turkey, Denmark, Africa and India—Terrible Earthquake on the Island of Tortula—General Butler’s Gubernatorial Cam- aign in Massachusetts—News from Wash- iIngion—Miscelianeous Telegrams—Business Notices. S=—The Fashions: Fall Opening in the Metropolis— The Prince Alexis: Meeting of the Committee of Reception—S:eamboat Raising —Movements of the President—OMiclal Proceedings of the Board of Aldermen—Public Executions in Louisiana: There Negroes Hanged on the Spot Where They Committed the Murder—The Pistol Gallery Fatality. 9—Financiil aud Commercial Reports—Betrothed, Marriages and Deaths—Advertisements. W—_The Cruise of the Congress—Oficers of the Steamship Wabash—The Stolen Vouchers of 1870—North Carolina Ku Klux—senator Brad- ley im the Fleld—Kings County Poliugs—Sbip- tng Intellizence—Advertisements, 11—Advertisements. 12—Advertements. A Ricu Trsx Move has been discovered in Utah. While this is a most valuable discovery in view of the immense amount of tin used in various ways, and its consequent scarcity, it is also valuable as an additional means, by attracting hardy Gentiles to Utah, of under- mining the polygamous despotism of Brigham Young. Tne Graxp Loper or Opp FELLows at Chicago, of which Vice President Colfax is a shining light, has amended its constitution so that only free white males of twenty-one years and over can become members. Evidently the Vice President will have to re- construct these Odd Fellows. Tne Recent Storm in the Babama Islands appears to have been terribly destructive in its effects, Wrecks were strewn all along the coast, the orange and banana crops were destroyed, the Island of Abaco was rent in twain and completely divided into two islands, and anumber of people were swept out into the sea and destroyed. Specie Comine From Evrops.—One result of the speculation in the gold market is to bring specie here from Europe, partly for the sake of the high rate which gold loans have been earning, and partly in exchange for merchandise, commerce being reduced to its elemental character by the interruption to the ugual settlements with bills of exchange, E1aut or Toe Kv Kivx on trial in North Carolina have been convicted and five have been acquitted. A rather unique defence was entered by the accused. They claimed that, although they whipped and maltreated the negro, it was not for his republican principles, but for an opinion which be had expressed obnoxious to the Ku Klux, and therefore they were innocent of any violation of the recent law of Congre Tne Uniten States Graxp Jury at Salt Lake, it is rumored, intend to indict ‘several of tbe Mormon priesthood, including Brigham Young. The Mormon Adjutant General re- cently purchased a number of arms at the govynment sale of ordnance, but it is not'=Jkely that be can muster force enough to fight the federal government with any chance of success, The latest movement on Brigham’s works will, doubtless, compel that chieftain to surrender at discretion and bie Way w some more congenial glime, A Word to Our Responsible Citizeus— Are We to Have a Commune in York? For several weeks past our citizens have been beating about on a turbulent sea of politi- cal excitement. It is time they should take bearings and ascertain in what direction they are drifting. It is notorious that prior to the passage of the preseat charter the municipal goverament of New York had become a mixed mass of corruption, irresponsibility and inefii- ciency, The republican State Legislature— at one timeeager to secure some share in the rich spoils from which they were debarred by the popular vote, and at another bought up by democratic politicians—had gone on tin- kering at our municipal laws and tampering with the rights of the people until they had delivered us over to the tender mercies of half'a score of independent, greedy metropoli- tan commissions, each plundering on its own account, and of as many boards and depart- ments, nominally elected by the people, but really free from all accountability, and at lib- erty to rob the public treasury without let or hindrance. Under this state ot affairs the New NEW YUKK HERALD, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER gains with the democratic Connollys and O'Briens and give them a fictitious appear- ance of strength in the city outside their paid House office-holders and So ex-Mayor Havemeyer made a bargain with Con- the injunction and set to work to spread abroad new stories of star- tling developments which are to last until We have warned our citizens before, and we repeat the warning, that the movement which was honestly intended by them to bring to light the frauds supposed to have been perpetrated by public officers, and to the offenders, is now being used in an unscrupu- lous and dangerous manner, only to upset one set of politicians for the advantage of another, The people de- manded, as the Hzratp has from first to last demanded, that the charges of extravagance and corruption in the public departments, past clique of Custom guerilla politicians, and the committee nolly, perpetuated after election, purge the new city goverament of and probably a worse set. or present, should be most thoroughly investi- gated, and that the guilty should be punished, no matter where the blow might fall. The political adventurers and penniless Bohemians New Court House job, which would have been impossible under a strong responsible govern- ment, was successfully carried out and bun- dreds of equally scandalous schemes were concocted to plunder the people. The new charter was passed to put an end to these flagrant evils, and it has certainly proved a vast improvement on the old system. The Board of Education, which was formerly a refage for such ward politicians as failed to get nominations for Aldermen or Assistant Aldermen, and was notorious for its immoral- ity, ignorance and dishonesty, is now com- posed of educated, intelligent, honorable men, who are rapidly gaining for our public schools areputation they have never before enjoyed. The docks, which have so long been a dis- grace to a great commercial metropolis, are now placed under a system of improvement which, if not interfered with, will in a few years render the port of New York famous among nations and add vastly to the wealth and importance of the city. The parks and boulevards, although probably the best managed of our public works under the old system, are now under- going the most vigorous development the city has ever seen, and their progress under the new management has been really marvellous. The Tax Department, which was formerly given over to anarchy and confusion, is now administered with acknowledged efficiency and uprightaess. The Police Department has felt the beneficial effect of responsible and united government, and the force is now as near per- fection as a force can be. The bravery of the men was shown in the scandalous riot of the 12th of July, bringing the efforts of the mili- tary into ridicule by comparison, and saving the city from most deplorable results. The Health Department, whose inefficiency under the old system is a matter of laughable noto- riety, is developing its efficiency in a splendid manner, and has already proved its value tp the city in a dangerous crisis. The Croton Water Department, one of the most important in the city, and concerning the fate of which much apprehension was felt, is a model of good management under Chief Engineer Tracey. The reservoirs are full to the brim and there is now no thought of the danger of 4 water famine. The Fire Department—only @ few yeato- wy — naan 22 -ee—-2- peaceable citizens—now boasts an admirably disciplined and efficient force, and insurance stock is one of the best securities in the city. All this praise can be honestly and fairly bestowed upon the new charter, and this was in truth the condition of affairs when the so- called reform excitement began. It took its origin in the fact that exorbitant, and, no doubt, grossly fraudulent bills contracted under the old order of things—the mixed re- publican commissions and irresponsible elec- tive departmenta—had been audited and paid by officers still in positions of trust under the new charter. It was natu- ral and proper that the people should feel indignant at the discovery that several millions of their money had been squandered upon a set of political favorites and that they should doubt the honesty of those public officers who had secured the payment of the excessive accounts and who had suddenly risen from compara- tive poverty to the position of million- naires. The citizens demanded an explanation from the city government and the detection and ponishment of any official who might be found to have been implicated in the robbery of the Treasury, One of their number, in his capacity as a taxpayer, brought the matter before a judicial tribunal in an application for an injunction to restrain the city government from raising any more money, in order to try the question of the criminality of the heads of the city departments. This wasa legal course to pursue, and the result proved that the Courts could be relied upon to do justice to the people. But the politicians took ad- vantage of the excitement and set to work to turn it to their own account. An unwieldy committee was raised to take the conduct of an investigation, and it was com- posed mainly of highly respectable citizens; but behind it stood ward politicians and parti- san organizations, prompting ita work and ready to pull the wires and control its action at their will, The object of these men was, not to secure reform—not to punish unfaithful public officers—but to ‘‘break down Tam- many ;” to upset one set of ralers and one set of office-holders and install themselves in their places, An injunction against the city was granted, to remain in force until the head of the Finance Department, who was judicially declared to have been criminally negligent of his duty, should withdraw or be removed from office, The citizens who honestly desired re- form demanded that the condemned officer should retire, but the politicians nipped the first effort at reform in the bud and set to work to hold him in his position. It would not answer their purpose that Connolly should be expelled from office, First, the embarrassment of the government was their main object, and the order of one of their number—ex-Mayor Havemeyer—bad gone forth, “We must stop the supplies,” To be sure this would stop also the great works of improvement going on in the city, and would throw thousands of laborers out of employment; but it would break down Tammany, put new leaders at the head of the democracy and enable the Murphy bolting faction of republicaus to make bare who have claims against the city which they cannot get paid, or who hope to share in the drippings of municipal plunder, from which they aré now excluded, are doing their best to screen and defend the real culprit and to turn the excitement of the people to their own dis- honest purposes. We warn all good citizens to pause and see where they are drifting. Ten months ago Oakey Hall was elected Mayor of the city by twenty-five thousand majority. The charter makes him the Chief Magistrate of the city and requires him ‘“‘to be responsible for the good order and efficient government of the city.” The politicians, having set up the Com- mittee of Seventy, are now striving to induce it to usurp the powers legally belonging to the Mayor. They desire anarchy; they are lead- ing on to riot and bloodshed. When Mayor Hall and the Corporation Counsel announce their intention to prosecute the fraudulent contractors who have robbed the city, the re- publican organ cries out, ‘‘No, gentlemen, it is too late! You must keep your hands off— we have taken the government in hand.” An English guerilla print, published in New York, goes further, and hints ata riot and a fight with the police, if necessary, to overthrow the legally elected municipal government, al- though the experience of the 12th of July ought to convince the British journalist that mobs cannot indulge in their vagaries in New York as they can in London. This insurrectionary course can have but one ending. While the Committee of Seventy is composed of reputable men be- hind them stand the worst characters in the city. Ward bullies, Blackwell’s Island con- victs, prize fighters and gamblers are flocking to the standard of revolt against properly con- stituted authority, These men are reckless and unscrupulous. How long do such gentle manly insurgents as Havemeyer, Tilden, Pierrepoint and Clews suppose they can re- tain the leadership and control of an insurrec- tionary movement against the regular city government? How long do they calculate it will be before they are pushed aside by the rowdies, shoulder-hitters and thieves who are eagerly watching the progress of this first at- tempt at Communism in New York? Let those who under the inspiration of political arabe storm. aware last they reap the whitlwt Fut Them on the Stand. The committees which are now busily en- gaged in examining the city accounts should not forget that the examination of persons, as well as of papers, will throw considerable light into the dark places in the Comptroller's Office. Connolly has stated that Tweed and Sweeny and Hall knew of the abstraction of the $3,000,000 vouchers in 1870 when they were taken away, and now a prominent city official asserts that Connolly has uttered a falsehood, and adds that he could have told the truth by stating that the first anybody living, with the exception of Connolly himself and his late deputy, Storrs, knew about the abstraction was when the suggestion was made to have the Chamber of Commerce {investigate the city accounts, Then, asserts the official, Connolly let the cat out of the bag by confessing that, but for the fact that it might be discovered that vouchers for $3,000,000 had been taken out of his office, he would not fear the investi- gation. Now, in the face of these contradictory statements, let the committee go to work and find out the whole truth, We demand it as a duty they owe to the people that they call upon Mr. Tweed, Mr. Hall and Mr. Sweeny to tell what they know about the matter, They will doubtless not shrink from an examination by the committee if they are innocent of the charge Connolly makes against them in refer- Let the Com- mittee of Seventy do their duty thoroughly in ence to the missing vouchers, this matter. The people expect that they will allow no means to escape them by which light can be thrown upon anything that relates to the city accounts, and the examination of Tweed, Hall and Sweeny may be a means of clearing up a great deal that looks foggy about this affair of the $3,000,000 vouchers, Will the committee do its duty? Roongrort SENTENcED.—Rochefort, tion as the founder of the Lanterne, favorite representative of that noisiest partisans of the Commune, wealth which it contained, does not accm wholly unmerwed the Bombastes Furioso ot the Paris Commune, whose trial had been so often postponed that there existed a doubt as to whether he would be tried at all, has at last met his doom at the hands of the Versailles Court Martial, Roche- fort is of aristocratic origin and a literary man of no mean ability. He first attracted atten- Roche- fort was one of the most bitter oppo- nents of the Emperor Napoleon and the class of Parisians whose bad instincts he flattered, After the collapse of the empire he was chosen member of the Government of National Defence, and was allowed to waste his ener- gies upon the erection of barricades, At the outbreak of the Paris insurrection he sepa- rated himself from the government and became asthe editor of the Mot d’Ordre, one of the It was he who started the idea of demolishing the house of M. Thiers, calling attention to the artistic In view of these and other charges brought and proved against him the sentence of transportation far life Some light promises to break at last upon the dark mystery of the stolen vouchers. Two men, the janitor of the new City Hall and the captain of the watch, are under arrest and have been held for examination by Judge Dowling on the charge of having burglariously purloined and ruthlessly destroyed by fire the precious documents. The wife of one of the prisoners has also been captured and taken before Justice Ledwith on a similar charge. The parties are ac- cused in the affidavit of one Mary Conway, who was in the service of the janitor, Haggerty, as a cook. It seems that Mary rose betimes on that famous Sunday morning when the Comptroller's plate glass suf- fered at the liands of the robbers, and accord- ing to her statement Mrs. Haggerty, in night- gown arrayed, endeavored to persuade her té return again to the snug shelter of the sheets ; but “being as I am up,” said the wakeful Mary, “TI guess I'll dress myself.” Accordingly Mary did put herself into presentable garments, and, leaving her chamber, her attention was attracted by the sound of knocking. Be- ing doubtless imbued with the customary amount of fominine curiosity, Mary deter- mined to ascertain who it was that was “knocking at the door,” and she was re- warded by the discovery of the two men issu- ing from the Comptroller's office, with bundles of papers in their arms, tied with red tape ; and Mary is very precise, as a lady ought to be, on the subject of the red tape. Afterwards Mary found the kitchen grate filled with the ashes of these bundles of paper, tied with red tape, and saw one of the men carrying away yet others, stuffed into a pillow case. ll this important knowledge Mary kept to herself until last Wednesday, when her conscience troubled her, and she unburdened herself to Comptroller Connolly, not, as she naively ex- plains, ‘for any reward or money, but to clear the Comptroller in the eyes of the people.” There appears to be some sort of fight going on between the Police Justices for the possession of the prisoners implicated by the conscientious Mary. Two of them have been taken by the Police before Judge Dowling, but the Committee of Seventy, who are just now running our muni- cipal affairs, seem to have an especial desire to arraiga them before Justice Ledwith, and the latter has actually succeeded in getting the female prisoner into his clutches. It is to be hoped that full justice may be done in the matter, whoever may examine the case, and that the parties who stand behind the accused may be brought forward to take their share in the punishment. At the same time it must not be forgotten that these are not the only vouchers that have disappeared from Connolly's office. If Haggerty and Baulch are found to be the guilty parties in this instance, let the committee next go to work to discover who stole the vouchers that disappeared before Mr. Watson's death. There is something quite as mysterious about the first robbery as about the second. It seems singular that Deputy Comptroller Storrs, sitting on one side of a desk, should have addressed a formal letter to Auditor Watson, sitting on the other side of the desk, asking for a return of the vouchers, and that the letter should have Dead men tell no tales, and it now and then that they cannot contradict official statements. But, as there is just now afever for investigation, why not bring Con- nolly the younger back from his European travels, and ascertain whether he has it in his power to throw any light upon the first voucher robbery? Haggerty and Baulch are secured, and it would have been fortunate for them if the lesson of the former loss had served to make the Comptrol- ler more careful of such documents, Now let us know something about the Watson batch of vouchers, They embraced some heavy and important accounts, and the people would like to learn whether they, too, have been smothered in a pillowcase or redaced to ashes in a cooking stove. Fall Openings of Fashions. The abrupt ending of the summer resort season, which was caused by an unexpected visit of cold weather, brought all our fashion- ables back to town in'a hurry, and took many of the modistes by surprise, so that when the general opening day, yesterday, came there was an ominous dearth of fall fashions in the leading establishments. Some had not yet returned from Paris; others said that it was too soon to think of exhibiting their goods, The shrewd business people, however, were equal to the emergency, and had their salons decked out in the prettiest manner possible, We regret to find some of our milliners still clinging to the delusion of Paris fashions, as if the fiery ordeal through which that un- fortunate city has passed had not driven from the minds of its daughters all ideas of frivolity and extravagance. Even during the days of the empire half the styles sent here originated in the Madille and such like delectable locali- ties, With all respect for the well known good taste of French ladies, we must say that our own can give ideas and sug- gestions equally good and artistic, if they only make the experiment, Fashion has always been a fickle and uncer- tain subject, but, in certain particulars, it comes under the domain of art and is amen- able to the rules of taste. Why should it, then, be confined to Paris, and why should our American belles fear to originate and se- lect their own toilets? This delusion is happily dying out, however, and the best and most enterprising of our modistes depend upon themselves for the fall styles, It is humillat- ing for any American woman to be forced to acknowledge that she has not sufficient taste or judgment to select a toilet for herself, but must send to the Closerie des Lilas for a pat- tern, Therefore, the less we bear nowadays about Paris fashions the better, as the Prus- sians and the Commune have swept them all away. The openings this week are very numerous and the styles of sufficient variety to interest even the most exacting, In a fortnight more the milliners will have their fall and winter stock complete, and then we can speak definitely about what Dame Fashion intends to put on the backs of our lady friends this weasoue ‘TRIPLE SHEET, Convolly’s Stolen Vouchers—Light at Last. | Italian Unity=The Anniversary of the Oc. cupation of Rome. Wednesday last was the anniversary of the occupation of Rome by the troops of United Italy. From our telegraphic reports we learn that the day was suitably celebrated, not in Rome alone, butall over the Italian peninsula. Rome seems to have been remarkably gay on the occasion. It was a true “Roman holi- day ;” such a day as Rome has not witnessed, perhaps, in some centuries. The city was literally festooned with flags and flowers, and tapestry was profusely displayed. Business was suspended and the political and other as- sociations paraded through the principal thoroughfares, accompanied by bands of music and carrying flags and banners inscribed in honor of United Italy. All day long the streets were crowded; in the afternoon there was a review of the troops; in the evening the city was illuminated, the theatres were crowded, patriotic speeches were delivered; but although there was an occasional cry of “Down with the Pope!” there was, neither during the day nor at night, any disturbance. One conspicuous feature of the day’s proceed- inge was the presence in the procession of the representatives of the Armenian Church, This anniversary celebration is interesting to us chiefly for one reason. It is convincing proof that the Roman people, properly so called, are as much in favor of the new state of things as the inhabitants of the rest of Italy. It was long a cry that the citizens of Rome were perfectly contented with Papal rule—nay, that they preferred Papal rule to any other, The various letters and addresses of the Holy Father always take this for granted; and we have again and again been asked to belleve that Rome is a conquered city, and that the inhabitants submit, because they cannot help it, to the yoke of the stranger. In this sentiment we never shared, because we knew to the contrary, It is well, however, whon in affaira of this kind the evidence takey such shape that even the doubting Thomages are left without excuse, This anniversary celebration ought to finally set the question at rest whether or not Italy isa unit, All things considered the news is most gratifying, aud the Italian people them- selves and the many friends of Italy through- out the world ought to be abundantly satis- fied. After years of division and misrule the inhabitants of the Southern Peninsula, who have so long spoken a common language and worshipped at a common shrine, are now brought under the enjoyment of common political institutions, with the additional ad- Vantage of nnity tm eocuuvit, xeaty 1uug en- joyed the ignoble advantage of being a claimant on the sympathy of the nations—a sort of national pauper. The land of Cicera and Virgil, of Michael Angelo and Raphael, of Rienzi and Savonarola, is now free and united. Territorially and in regard to population it ranks among the great nations of the earth ; but now it remains to be seen what the Italian people can do for themselves, and whether they are to prove worthy of the liberty and unity which they have won. Oa his last hoad there are many doubiers, but we see no good reason why we should despair of the sons of Italy yet recovering most of their former power and reviving not a little of their former fame, It was once the home of science, art and literature. The conditions are still favorable, and if Ttallago sive the true to themselve oe “the favored capital of Europe. It would be absurd to expect that a people so long divided into sections and cut off from all the advantages which sympathy imparts should at once spring into fulness of national vigor. This we do not look for. Italy must have time to recuperate—time to undo the many evils which have been done—and she has much to do before she can find out her own strength or give any solid proof of it to the world, She is burdened first of all with an enormous debt—a debt the annual in- terest on which is but little short of the an- nual interest on the debt of Great Britain. Year by year the Minister of Finance has to report a huge deficit, and while the taxes are in the last degree oppressive they are griev- ously unproductive. In Italy, of all countries in the world, it is most easy to impose taxes, butitis most difficult to collect them. Time is necessary to enable her to develop her re- sources; but how the non-productive interval is to be got over is one of the serious questions which affect her existence, Then, again, law- lessness prevails as it prevails nowhere else in Europe. In 1863-4 crimes of blood were re- ported by the Minister of the Interior to be 29,637. In 1869-70 the figares had swelled to 55,825, Inthe eight years previous to 1870 not fewer than 176,608 sanguinary offences had been committed. These figures speak for themselves, and show what uphill work the government of Italy has before it. Educa- tion, too, is at a low ebb all over the kingdom, In 1866 it was found that of a hundred persons who had signed their marriage contract sixty- nine per cent could not write. In 1869 there were celebrated in Italy 203,287 mar- riages, The contracts were signed in 36,923 cases by both husband and wife; in 43,116 cases by the husband orily ; in 5,243 cases by the wife only, and in 120,005 by neither of the parties, Out of a population of some 26,000,000 there are not fewer than 18,000,000 who cannot write. From a memorial pub- lished in 1866 we gather that in Southern Italy eight or nine out of every ten persons were totally uneducated, while in Piedmont the proportion was less than one to ten—a fact which sufficiently explains the superior force of the Italians of the North, What with a wretched exchequer, with abounding crime, with the grose ignorance of the great body of the people, the new Italian govern- ment has certainly hard enough work on hand. Not to-day nor to-morrow will these evils be eradicated. Work, it is sometimes said, is half done when it is fairly begun, and it is gratifying to know that the government of Victor Em- manuel are fully alive to the task which they have undertaken, The educational wants of the people have particularly engaged their attention, and strenuous efforts are being made to remedy the evil. Free schools have been opened in almost all the principal towns. The province of Naples alone furnishes a good example of the progress which has been made. In 1866 there were in that province forty schools and three thousand scholars. Now these aro qne hundred and forty achoolm with sixteen thousand scholars, besides four cold leges for the higher branches—all maintained by the State, at a cost of eight hutdred thou- sand lire. Itis complained that the Italian People take little interest in Politics, and that for this reason popular government in the true sense does not exist. Where so much ignos rance prevails this is not much to be wondered at. Education is the one remedy for this evil, and the manner in which the government have set about prov.ding for this want inspires us with hope. On the whole, in spite of all ler difficulties, Italy has o fair field before her. If the Italian government and people prove then- selves equal to their opportunities we shall be glad to rejoice with them on the occasion at their second celebration of the anniversary ol the occupation of Rome, The Vindication of Jules Favre. The trial of M. Labuye for libelling Jule Favre, the late Foreign Minister of the French republic, bas, as our readers are already in- formed, commenced and ended. The account of the proceedings in the French courts, which was received by the last foreign mail, enables us to forma just opinion of the merits of the case, as well as of the effect which it produced on the minds of the Parisians, Seldom has & stranger scene occurred in a court of justice, and this statement we make with a just appre- elation of the scenes which from time to time have taken place before French judges. The libel which the ex-Minister complained of rested on a peblication made by M. Labuye ia the Vérité and Avenir Liberal, The libel de- clared that Jules Favre, while in authority, made use of his power to gratify a secret grudge against M. Labuye. The verdict of the jury in condemning M. Labuye to a fine of one thousand francs and one year's imprison- ment vindicates the character of Jules Favre as & public officer. The cause of the enmity between the late Minister and he who defamed him in the publie journals originated some years ago and arose out of a law case. Before this difference the two men were fast and warm friends. Labuye was well acquainted with the Private character of Favre; he knew, as he alleged, that the great advocate waq living in a state of concubinage with the woman whom the world regarded as his wife ; he knew that the children which bore hisname were illegitimate. All these things he was perfectly well aware of before the quarrel originated which was the means of making them enemies, but not until a fancied wrong did he commence an onslaught on the man ~ith wham ha waa at one time on terms of the closest intimacy. Favre was silent, be pain and sorrow he bore the attack aiuesotar asa private citizen gullied by the stories of a bitter enemy, and it wasfot untji his public character was slander the’ ~ undertook to defend himself, me “fence, ' ht to the however, of his public course bps! life. pablic gaze the conduct of his Private ot For the first time, for a certaints did the wor 4 learn of the errors of the mar Whose name igh at one time, and is eval now, among had foremost of France, The stories descr - previously been published were regarde in falsehoofls, owing to the high leeks 3 which he was held. From Favre’s own UP \ four omvee wuurse of an it learned the story bitterly he must have felt his exposé when we find the mag whose daring and courage have time ‘and F time again been acknowledged shedding tears of bitterness before the Court and in the presence of the assembled multitude. M. Favre's defence of his private life, however, we can regard only as an apology; but as tha explanations given in it appeal to the heart of every man, and though judged from a moral point of view he cannot be excused, still pity and compassion for his innocent children and sympathy for the man himself compel us ta deplore the exposure and regard him with charity, So far as his public course is con< cerned, it will be best explained in his own words :—‘‘My duty was to invoke the justice of my country, not to allow the govern- ment of my country to be dragged through the mire by suffering it to be believed that a mam invested with a public authority had been suf- ficlently oblivious of his duties to employ his power for the gratification of personal malice.” Secure THE PxiunpererRs.—Rumors are 4 floating about that some of the city plunderera may soon put the broad Atlantic betweem : them and our law officers and courts, The plot thickens hourly; and, in view of ad- ditional revelations that may be made ta fasten guilt upon those who have robbed the city, it is not at all unlikely that some of the rogues may slip away, amid the noise and confusion, unless prevented. It might be con- venient, too, for the rest and to defeat the ends of justice that some of these rascala should disappear. There should be no delay in arresting them or in attaching the persons or property of all who can be reached by the law. An ordinary debtor cannot leave the city without giving ample bonds, if his creditor chooses to prevent his departure; and, we suppose, the shrewd lawyera who are after the municipal robliers would find no difficulty in holding them here, Let every one of the plunderers be secured at once. Mr, BouTWELL AND THE GOLD GAMBLERS.—< The Secretary of the Treasury had another tilt with the gold gamblers yesterday, but was ignominiously vanquished. He sold six mil- lions of gold to break the market, but the “bulls” received this enormous sale with a gracefal bend, like a base ball player recoiling to slop and catch a hard ball, and them marked the price up again. He sold the six. millions at an average of about 1144. The gold market yielded to 1134 (sic), and then rose to 1144. A week ago gold was 1134. Meantime he has sold ten millions of gold, yet the price has advanced over one per cent, How high will he put gold if he sells all he haw in the Treasury ? pa hi Goversor Horrman stated to our corres, spondent at Niagara Falls yesterday that he certainly did not intend to call aa oxtra ses- aion of the Legislature to take up the munici- pal muddle. It would certainly be nonsensical to suppose that he would, The city itself haa made the municipal troubles, and it must be left for the city to kill the scotched snake. — Albany interference was really the origia of the whole trouble, and would not be likely now to sight it