The New York Herald Newspaper, May 11, 1871, Page 3

NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, MAY ll, 1871—TRIPLE SHEET. THE TREATY &F WasMMnUTON » Meeting of the Senate in Extra- ordinary Session. The Treaty Sent in by the President. Deliberations of the Senate in Executive Session. Views of Senators Cameron and Sumner. Mr. Cameron Proposes to Make the Treaty Public. Amendments to be Proposed by Mr. Sumner. OBJECTIONABLE FEATURUS POINTED OUT. ENGLISH OP.NION OF THE TREATY. WASITINGTON, May 10—Midnight. The meoting of the Senate to-day was not attended With any remarkable incidents. At the opening of the session there was more than a quorum of Sena- tors present, over forty-four out of the seventy-one, Many of the absentees arrived this evening, and it is expected that by Friday there will be a full Senate, There Was a good deal gf handsnaking and Congratulations “among Senators before the body met, but very little was said about the treaty, for the reason that few Senators had seen it. The majority of them dia not seem to take much stock in the official synopsis of the treaty written by Caleb Cushing and issued officially from the State Department a few days ago. Several Sen- ators suid they did not know it was an oficial statemeni, fof the reason that they had read the same thing, or something very like it, m the HeErap a week or two ago, and they had been informed that Secretary Fish and Earl de Grey wished it understood that nothing that appeared in the- newspapers about the treaty or the work of (ne Commission was entitled to credence. The next ques‘lon naturally arising in the minds Of Senators was, why it was considered necessary to proinmulgate this oficial synopsis, and the con- clusion reached was that {t was intenaed to make an argument in favor of its ratt- feation in advance of the meeting of the Senate. The general opinion was that atwould have been better to have published the full text of the treaty, so that Se: rs and the people, who are c,ually interes'ed, might have judged ot the wisdom and expediency of its provisions for themselves, PENING OF THE SENATE. The Senate was called to order by the Vice President precisely at noon. Rev. Dr. Newman, the chaplain, opened the session with a prayer ap- Propriate to the occasion, Most of the Senaiors looked unusually lous, as if the prayer made a good impression upon them. THE PRESIDENT’? PROCLAMATION convening the Senate was read, after which a reso- futon was offered by Senator Anthony Informing ‘the President that thé Senate was in session and would be pieased to receive any communication he had to make. Mr. Cameron moved that when the Senate adjourn | to-day it adjourn until Friday. Then there was a recess uutil one o'clock. RECEPTION OF THE TREATY. Shortly after that hour General Porter, the Presi- dent’s private secretary, appeared with the treaty, and Cameron immediately moved to go into execu- | tive session. Tue galleries were then cleared ana the Sesate was aione with the momentous treaty. The document was read at length, the reading oc- oupslog an nour and a half. General Cameron then moved that it be printed tn contidence for the use of the Senate and refcired io the Committee on Foreign | Relations. i SENATOR CAMERON AS A PARTY LEADER, Mr. Cameron, from the outstart to-day, showed that he intends to be chairman of the Fo.eign Rela- tions Committee in fact as wellasin name, “I did not seek the place,” said Mr, Cameron to a gentile- man yesterday, “but being there I intend to dis- charge all its duties.” The story that Senator Mor- ton was to manage the treaty In tie Senate ts evi- dently without foundation. General Cameron docs notintend to abandon hia place to anybody, nor, Judging from his course to-day, 1s there occasion for any member of the Foreign Relations Committee assuming his position or attempting to assume it. It is sail that Mr. Cameron has shown that he knows a good deal more about the treaty now be- fore the Senate and our foreign affairs geverally than many of his critics in and out of the Seuate. ‘This has rather surprised them. Mr. Cameron aon’t helieve in speeches, especially long ones. He makes very few himself, and there- ore some Senators are disposed to give iim credit for being nothing more than a plain business man, Tr da y Miter making lig motion to refer the treaty, he suggested that the treaty be | made public. He dtd not see any reason for keeping 4 secret. The people, he sald, were as much in- Yerested In it as the Senate, and had as much at stake, He made a motion to the effect that ihe treaty be given out, Senator Conkiing, who has great faith in secresy ans one of tho elements of diplomacy, begged Mr, Cameron to withdraw iia motion, Mr. | Cameron said if there was opposition to the matter he would withdraw the c:otion, but his own judgment was, that the full ‘ext of the treaty should ‘ve given to the people. Senator Morton offered a resolution that the oM- clal reporter of the Senate be allowed to report ihe debate on the treaty ingconfidence for the use of the Senate, so that tf the Senate saw proper the injunc- tion of secresy might be removed aud the debate published a(ter the treaty was ratified. Mr. Sherman made objeciion and the resoluttoa went over until Friday. It is thought tt will be adop ted, te REMARKS BY SRNATOR SUMNER, Mr. Sumner then took the floor and proceeded to make some general remarks upon the treaty. He called the atvention of the Sonate to its importance, At was next in importance toa treaty of peace, the latter being of necessity the Orst of ail treaties. The treaty now vefore the Senate had but one parallel in oar history, to wit, the Jay Treaty, made with Great Biliaia under tho —adininis- tration of President Washington. ‘Those two treaties were alike in the multiplicity of subjects considered. Both were treaties of recon: slliation between the United States and Great Britain, The Senstor proceeded at some length to compare the Jay treaty with that now before the Senate, The opmions held by the two nations then as to their rights and interests Were so opposite that it Was a difficult matter to make negotlations success. Tul After a two weeks dcbate tn secret session the Senate, by a vote of 20 to 10, precisely a constl- | tutional majority, ratified the treaty, with an amendment excepting the article relating to the West India trade, Probably, following this exam- ple, the Senate would first amend and then rasily the treaty before it, After the debate upon the Jay treaty the Beuate had removed the seal of secrecy from their proceedings, but had forbyiden the publicaty of the treaty, Various statements were published as to tts contents, some of them ac- companied by very malignant criticism of the treaty and the administration, In order to put a stop to ms, and wishing to get tho views of the people, President Washington determined to make the treaty public. in this, however, he was antictpated, Vecause on the same day he arrived at this deter- Munation & Very Mil Abstract of the tease ADDeATed | THE COURSE OF THE ADY | of nacteting the Southern States against, the Nort | n.cessary proclamation of the Queen enjoining m ® newspaper catiea wae Aurora, printed | at Philadeiphia. In a few days afterwards a perfect copy of the treaty was furnished by a Sen- ator, and it appeared in full in the prints of the day. Senator Sumner, after citing tais historical inct- dent connected with the Jay treaty, said ne re- garded this as a good precedent for the immediate publication of the treaty now before the Senate. As the treaty was one of reconciliation it was import- ant to have the true sentiments of the people upon it, and this could only be done by laying iv before the people through the press. Mr. Sumner then proceeded to make some sugges- tions about the propriety of allowing what is known as the Engilsh claims against the United States to be considered in this treaty. Everybody, said Mr. Sumner, knows how these claims came to exist. They were the direct result the unwarrantablc course pursued by England toward the United States at a me when we were involved in a terrible civil war. prolonged at least two years by England, and there 1s scarcely a claim that England can present under the provisions of this treaty that might not have been avolded had Great Britain acted differentiy. Under these circumstances he had not been able to bring his mind to accept the proposition to put the Engiish claimants on an equal footing with our own people, who are thus made to pay twice for the wrongdoing of others, Mr. Sumner said he did not intend, at this time, to give his vicws at lengthon the treaty. He merely offered afew general suggestions. At the proper Ume he would, perhaps, offer seme amendments and give his reasons for so doing. ‘he remarys of Mr. Sumner were listened to with the most respect- ful attention by a majority of the Senators, At the conclusion of his remarks the Senate adjourned, AMENDMENT TO THE TREATY TANTAMOUNT TO RE- it is understood that the British Commissioners hold that the treaty cannot be amended by the Sen- atc—that it must be ratified ag it stands or rejected, Any amendment would be considered by them as tantamount to rejection, The practice of the Sen- ate has been to amend conventions at thelr pleasure, and some feeling 13 expressed at what is regarded as an attempt to coerce the Senate into being a mere echo of the State Department, cae: ON THE ALA- TMG. MME oc ss Asan indication of the course the debate may possibly take in the Senate on the question of the Alabama claims, there 18 considerable comment upon the attitude assumed by our government here- tofore and the basis upon which the present ar- rangement has been negotiated. The Johnson- Clarendon Treaty was rejected by the Senate by a vote of 64to1, Lhe Senate then removed the in- | Junction of secresy from Mr. Sumner’s speech and it was publisted as the oficial exposition of thew views. The foliowing extracts from that speech | show the principal ground taken to substantiaic the rejection of the treaty:— SENATOR SUMNER ON THE TREATY. Close upon the outbreak of our troubies, just one month after the bombardment of Fort Sumter, | When the rebellion was sQU undeveloped, when tho | national governinent was beginning those gigantic efforts which ended so tinmphaatly, the country | Was staruled by Une news that the British govern: | ment fad intervened by a proclamation whic! corded beiltgerent riguis to the rebels, At the e: date when Uus was done the rebels wer as they remained to the close, without ships | on the ocean, without prize courts or other tribunal | for the adminisivation of Justice on the ocean, with- | out any of those couditions which are the essential | prerequisites to such a concession; and yet the con- cession was general, belng applicable to the ocean and the land, so that by Britist fiat they became JCHNSON-CLARENDEN ocean belligerents as well as land bellt- gerents, In the swiftness of this be- stowal there was very little consideration for | a friendly Power, nor does it appear that | there was any inquiry into those conditions prece- dent on Witch tt must depend. Ovean belligerency, being @ ‘fact’ and not a “principle,” can be recog. n only on evidence showlag Its actual exist. ence. Uniriendly in the precipttaucy with whitch it wad launched, thls concession was more un- fricndiy in substance, It was the first stage in the depredations On our commerce, Had it not been & made no rebel ee could have been built in — Rugland, Every step in her buiiding = would have been _ piracy. Nor could ony munitions of war have been furnished, not a blockade runner, laden with supplies, could have left the Engitsh stores, except under a kindred pevaily. The direct consequence of this concession was to place the rebels on an equality with oarseives in ail British markets, whether of ships or munitions | ot war. As these were open to the national govern- ment, 80 they were open to the rebels. The asserted neutrality botween the two began by this tremendous concession, when the reb:ls, at oue stroke, were transformed not onty into bel- ligerenis, but into customers. . In attributing to that bad proclamation this peculiar influence £ follow the authortty of the law lords of Eagland, who, according to authentic report, announced that Without i¢ the fittiug out of asbip in England to cruise against the United States woud have been an act of piracy. This conclusion was Clearly stated by Lord Chetmsford, ex-Cnancellor, speaking for Nimseif and others, when he satd:— Ir the Southern confederacy had not been recognized as a Thgerent power, he agreed with his opie and learned 1, Lord Brougiai, that, under these eircumsiances, if fig isuman were to ut out & privateer for the purpose a states, uid be guilty of piracy. Every British pirate was « ile npisance, favoiving the British government, which must respond fo Yamages. not only to the Individuals who have sudered, but also the national government acting a8 pater jicnilia: for the common good of ull the people. Three times 13 this ability fixea:—First, by the conces-ion of ocean beiligerency, opening to the rebels ship pode foundries and manu-actories, and giving to them a flag on the ocean; seconaly, by tue organization of hostile expeditions, which, by admissions in Parliament, were nothing less than piraiical war on the United States, with England as tho naval base, and, thirdly, by welcome, hospitality and ae ee extended — to these pirate in @ of | Queen's rovernment Creat Britain became the mill- tary, naval and financial basis of meurgent warfare against the United States, We complain of the de- struction of our merchant marie by Britten ships, manned by British seamen, armed with British guns, despatehed from Britih dock- yards, sheltered and harbored in British ports, We complain that, by reason of the poiicy and the acts of the Queen's Ministers, Imjury incalculable was inflicted on the United States, ‘Yhe President is not sot prepnred to Jronannos on | the question of indemnittes which he thinks due by | Great Britain to individual citizens of the United | States for the destruction of their Boe by rebel cruwers fitted out in the poris of Great Britain, nor is he now prepared to speak of the reparation which he thinks ue by the British government for the larger account ol | the vast national injuries it has infitcied on the United States, nor does he attempt now to mea- | Sur. the reiative efiect of the various causes ol Injury, whether by un'imely recognition of belligerency by suffering the fitting out of rebel cruisera, or vy the supply of ships, arms and munitions of war to the Confederates, or otherwise, in Whatsocver manner. WHAT PRESIDENT GRANT SAID IN 1859, in December of the same year President Grant, in his message to Congress, used the fotlowing lan- guage, in alluding to the differences between the United States and Great britain: — The ipjuries resulting to the United States by reason of the course adopted by Great Britain during our late civil war, in the Increased rates of insurance, in the dtmimution of exports and imports | and other obstructions to domestic industry and Production, in its effect upon the foreign commerce of the country; in the decreuse and trang- fer to Great Britaia of our commercial marine; In the proiongation of the war and the increased cost, both In treasure and lives, of its suppression, could not be adjusted and satisfied ag ordinary commercia! claims which constantly arise between commercial nations, and tees the conven- tion (Johnson-Clarendon) treated them simply as such ordinary claims, from which they ditfer more widely in the gravity of their character than in the magul itoye Of Weir amount, great, even, as is that difference, ROE ES ce SECRETARY FISM'S CHANGEABLE VIEWS, One year thereafter, on the 18th December, 1870, Mr. Fish addressed a letter to Benjamin Moran, Charge d’Affairs of the United States Legation at London, commenting on Mr. Motley’s course. It shows @ singular contrast to the Secretary's de- spatch of September 25, 1869, and the President's message of that year, as above quoted. In that let- ter to Mr. Moran Mr. Fish says, A main point of difference between the views of the President and those advanced in Mr. Motley’s memoir was in connection with the amount of stress to be laid upon the time, the manver and the rightfulness, as a measure justified by public law, of the concession of belligerency to the tusurgents gf the South, by Great Britain. The President eld, in accordance with the doctrine | the best writers upon international law, and with the precedents of our ome hustory, an as @ logical yesilf {rom the fact of national sovereignty, that it 13 the right of every Power, when a civil confict has arisen within another State and has attained a suticiont complexity, magnitude and complerences, to define its own relations and th of its eltizetis and gudjecta towaid the parties to the conflict, 60° fir as ther rights and interests are —_—necessaril; af- fected py it. Mr. Motley was tustrucied that such were the President's views, which he was to present, if he referred to this point in the question, and that while the President regardea the necessity and the proprieiy of the ortginal concessicn of belil- gerency by Great Br “questionable,” he re- garded that concession as part of t.e case ouly so Jar as It shows the beginning and the animus ol that course of conduct which resulted so disastrously to the United States, If was Important, not so much in itsell, but in that It foreshadowed subsequent events, Instead of saying what he had been su- thorized to say in relation to the concesston of belli- gerency, Mr. Motley informed the Earl of Clarendon that the Prostdent recognized une rizht of a sover- eign . Power to issue proclamations of neu- trality between = an insurgent portion — of a nation and the lawiul government when such insurrections should have gained the necessary magnitude, consistency, extent of organized power and probability of success; but that such measures at always be takea with a full view oi the grave onsibilities assumed, Attention 13 attracted to the marked difference between Mr. Fish’s two presentations of the case, or his seeming forgetfulness of the language of the President's Message of December, 1869, It 13 ap- parent that the “Treaty of Washington” has been negotiated under the inspirations of the letter of December 30, 1869, and not under the convictions 50 forcibly expressed in the despatch of the 25th of September, 1869, and In the President's Message to Congress in December of the same year. THE FISHERY QUESTION, The ianguage of the treaty with reference to the fishery question 18 & transcript of that used in the Reciprocity treaty of 1854, to the effect that the Agreement 1s to go into eflect only upon being sanc- tioned by the Legislatures of the colonies affected; but England agrees to use her good offices to bring about the necessary favorable legislation. THE CANADIAN CANALS. With reference to the Canadian canals Canada has Yet to give ber sauction to the plan, aud the United States agree to use thelr good ofeces with the States owning canals, especially with the State of New York, to induce them to admit Canadian vessels upon similar terms as American vessels are admitted to the Cunadian canals, Canada has always permitted American vessels to use her canals upon payment of the regu- lar rolls, but Canadian vessels are not permlited to navigate the internal waters of the United States, ‘The treaty makes the usage reciprocal, provided the States owning the canals consent. Opening of the Extraordinary Sossion of the Senate—Keception of tho Treaty trom the President. WasHinaron, D. C,, May 10, 1871, Half an hour before noon the floor of the Senate Champer was well filled with Senators and others, and the meetings of personal friends and old asso- clates were marked with great cordlality. There was also a fair attendance in the galleries, The ships Forts of the British empire. Snow elther of these and the lability of England 18 complete. Show the three, and this power 1s bound by a wipie cord, and yet down to this day there is no ackiowledgment of this wrong—not a single word, Such @ generous expression would be the beginning of @ just settlement, and the best assurance of that harmony between two great and kindred nations watch au must desire, Mr. Thorntin, {he British Minister, in @ despatch to the Earl of Clarendon, dated April 19, 1869, com- municating the result of the Senate’s action on the treaty, criticised Mr. Sumner’s speech in the follows ing style:— Your Lordship will perceive that the sum of Mr. Sumner's assertions 18 that England” insulted the United Siates by the premature, unfriendly and un- neutrality on her Majesty's subjects; that she owes them an apology for this rent that she Is respou- sible for the property destroyed by the Alabama and other Confederate cruisers, and even for the remote Aamage to Americsu shipping interests, tucluding tho increase of the rate of Insurance; that the Vonfede- rates were so much assisted by being able to get arms and ammanition from England, aud so much encouraged by the Queen's proclamation, that the war lasted much longer than it would ‘otherwise have done, and that we ought, therefore, to pay imaginaty aaditional expenses ura upon to United States by the prolongation of the war. The idea of Pngland belig PS3pPUlisiblé for a certain portion of the expense of the <Armerican civil war Oo account of its prolongation due to the policy of Great britain and the presence on the seas of Confederate cruisers, Seems almost too preposterous to entertain; but the pbsaratty of it appears at once by the consideration that 1f the pretension were to be admitted, @ nice examination would have to he made, What proportion ff the losses on shipping {n- teresis and by increased qearanes, would bo due by ns on nccount of the Alabarha a al proportion should be assigned ly the other Confederate cruisers, two of which, the Sumter and Nashvifle, actually sailed from Confederate ports with commissions from the Confederate government, and further, if we are to be responsible for a part of the expenses of the war on account of its prolongation, we should have a rigut to Kuow how far the United general topic of conversation was the probable duration of the session. Ten days or two weeks seemed to be the period almost universally axed for its continuance, OPENING OF THE SESSION. The Senate opened with prayer at noon by Rev. Dr. Newman, the Chaplain, in the course of which he said: Almighty and Eternal God, author of law «nd source of power, trom whom coineth the sight to rule and the auty to ovey, before Thy throne of majerty and mercy we come wit ‘national thanksgiving. Through a century Thou bast been our father and our friend. From a handiul of weak colonists it bas pleased Thee to elevate us to commacd the Teapect of mankind and give direction to the thought and enterprise of tho world, In war thou hast crowsed our aring with victory; 1a peace Thou hast biese@d ua wth pros- perity. With hearts full of joy and graiiude we rejoice this, the grandest of the ages, for the {increase knowiedge, for the authority and the beneficence of law, for te higher imcentives to virtue, for the dawn of that ‘better age when tue earth shall be one neighbor vod and ali men sual practise justice and live in the bonds of charity. May it please Thee, Heavenly Father, to hasten the time when national enmitiex and Jealonstes when swordy shail bo begten into ploughsharce fig hooks, eetiss peace on earth and good will men’ shall be the universal Prayer of mankind. Upon tho United States And upon Great Britain we tnvoko the benedictions of wisdom and peace, By no Satanic ininence, relations of oF x moment, by po errora of statcemanship may the friendly ¢ iets great Powers 0 te carth be futerrp Tn snen an hour as this may ru give to the world an exumpl [vent national questions; and grant , th iy guard a nation’s honor’ and ‘vi citizen, the representatives of both and liberal views. m Vreaident, upon our Senators and 6 of Him who Is the Prince of ULOMMIETEE TO WALT UPON THR PRESIDENT. The proclamation convoking this extraordinary session was read, when, on motion of Mr. AN- THONY, (rep.) of R. 1. it was resolved that a com- mittee of two be appointed to wait upon the Presl- dent of the United States and inform him that a quorum of the Senate had assembled and was ready to receive any communication he might be pieased to make, States government are responsible for it, and t insist upon an Mo eded jury to examine into ‘ang decide upon fee acral conduct of the naval and majlitary operations during the war, 6n tite 25th of Séptombet, 1865, MF. Fish addressed a long despatch to Mr. Motley, the American Min- ister to England, atirming the strongest points in Mr. Sumner’s speech, and in which he said:— It Is not necessarily facumbent on the Prestdent to express approval or disapproval of an act of the Senate, But the President deems it due to thé Senate, to himself and to the subject to deolaré that, he concurs with the Senate in disapproving of that Ils own particular reasons for this ention. ro jon are sufictently apparent in this deapaich, Tn addition” to these — genenal reasons he thinks the provisions of Convention were inadequate to provide reparation for the United States in the manner and to the de- gree to wien be considers the United States en- Utled to redress, I assume, therefore, pretermitun; deteiied discussion in this respect, that the negie fence of the oMcers of the British government in the matter of the Alabama, at least, was “gross and inexcusanle,” aud such as indisputably to devolve On that government full responsibility tor all the depredations committed by her. Indeed, this conclu. sion seems tn effect to be conceded im Great Britain. atali events the United States conceive that the proofs of responsible negligence In thts matter are so clear that no room remains tor debate on that polnt, and it should be taken for granted in all future negotiations with Great Britain. We com- plain (hat the insurrection in the Soutuiern States itt did not exist, was continued and obtained its enduring | vitauty by means of the re- sources it drew from Great Britain, We complain that by reason of the imperfect discharge of its nentral duues on the part of the Messrs, Anthony and Casserly were appointed the committee, It was ordered that the dafly hour of meeting be twelve o'clock. On motion of Mr. HaMuin, (rep.) of Me., it was resolved that the standing committees of the Senatq be and they are hereby reappointed forand during the present session and tbat the Vice President will ON any vacancy that may exist, ‘The Senate then took a recess till one o’clock, On the reassembling of the Senate Mr. ANTHONY, from the committee appointed to wait on the Presi- dent, reported that they had performed that duty, and the President nad informed them that he would immediately send to the Senate a communication in writing. RESOLUTION TO ADJOURN. Mr. CAMERON (‘ep.,) of Pa., Offered a resolution that when the Senate adjouro to-day it be to Friday next. Mr. SUMNER (rep.), of Mass.—Why not make ita later day? ‘The resolution was adopted. . WAR CLAIMS OF FORBIGN SUBJEUTS. On motion of Mr. MORRILL (rep.,) Of VI., It Was re- solved that the President be requested to furnish the Senate with a copy of all reports made by William Whiting, as Solicitor of the War Department, upon claims made by the subjects of any foreign nations for damages in consequence of the war againat the rebellious States, from 1861 to 1865, inclusive, and which are supposed to be on fie in the State De- partment, THE NEW TREATY. General Porter then appeared, announcing he had been directed by the President to deliver to the Senate a message in writing. The treaty was then handed the Vice President, EXECUTIVE SESSION, Immediately Mr. CAMERON moved that the Senate @0 Into executive session, which was agreed to. The Senate, at a quarter past three, adjourned, The Treaty Considered in Executive Sea- sion—Senator Cameron in Favor of the Treatv—Senator Sumacr’s Views. Wasuincton, May 10, 1871. The Senate went into executive session a few minutes after one o'clock to-day. The first thing done was the reading of the treaty of ine Juint Ingh Commission, which occupied about an hour. This was merely for information, Senator CAMEKON, chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations, made a brief statement to the effect that the treaty was honorable to both coun- tries and negotiated in the interest of peace. He hoped, therefore, that the treaty would receive the approval of the Senate, and suggested that 1t be given to the press of the country, But to this several Senators interposed objections, as they could see no reason for departing from the uniform practice of the Senate, Senator SUMNER is reported as saying he did not approve of some portions of the treaty, and thought they ought tobe amended. He, like Mr. Cameron, said the public shouid be furnisied with the full text of the treaty, im order that they might fully understand tts provisions in advance of the final action of the Senate, He was of opinion that the claims of British sutyects should not have been meorporated in the treaty, as they grew out of things done on the part of Great Britain itself during the late war, They would not have been admitted if decided opposition had been expressed by our own Commissioners, The simplo and better plan would nave been to make out @ far bill for the Alabama and kindred depredations; but he would not now ask Its payment in the way of exem- Plary or vindictive damages. Other matters might afterwards be adjusted. He did not, however, indt- cate whether he would vote for or agatust tne treaty, as he had not yet had time to examine all its fea- tures, some of which were of an important national character. The question of removing the injunction of secrecy, so as to enable the press to publish the full text was not brought to a vote, ‘the Treaty was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations, When it shall have -been re- ported back from the committee, with a recommen- dation that it be ratified, ir will be for consider tion, and taken up asin Committee of the Whole, when everyone will be free to move ® question on any particular article or to propose an amend- ment thereto, etther by imserting or leaving out words, and on each of ealid questions the concurrence of two-thirds of the Seuators Present will be requ'site to decide aMirmarively; and when, through the Committee of the Whole, the proceedings will be stated to the Senate, and the questions again severally pot thereon for confirmation, or new ones proposed requir- lug in like manner a concurrence of two- | thirds for whatever is retained or inserted. The votes so confirmed by the Senate are required to be reduced into the form of a ratia- cation, a8 may have been decided, and must be pro- posed on a sequent day, when any one shail ogain be irce to move amenaments erther by tnser'- ing or leaving out words, In moving @ question two-thirds are reqnisite to carry the affirmative, as well as order the final question to advise and con- sent to tho ratification in the form agreed to, Deliberations of the Forcign Relations Vom- mittee on the Treaty. WASHINGTON, May 10, 1871, After the adjournment of the Senate to-day the Committee on Foreign Relations held a meeting continuing two hours. ‘They will hold another meeting to-morrow. The reading of tho treaty created a good im- pression, and the indications are that it will be rati- fled. Althougn the treaty was put in type at the in- stance of the Secretary of State not more than eight copies were to-day in the possession of members of the Senate, Including those of the Committee on Foreign Relations. A message was sent to the De- partment for a fresh supply, but they were not ob- tained, The Senate, however, has ordered the usual number to be printed for its own use. A majority of the Senate are in favor of removing the injunction of secrecy, 80 that the treaty may be now made public, and this would have been the result bad the question been pressed to a vote this afternoon. It may come up in the session of friday, to which time the Senate has adjourned, ‘The London Times on the Treaty of Washing- ton. Lonpon, May 10, 1871. The Times of to-day, in an editorial on the treaty of Washington, says that neither England nor Canada ever raised the auestion of exclusive privi- Jege In the navigation of the St, Lawrence, The Times says the terms of settlement of the San Juan boundary are satisfactory to England, and that the ouly dim. culty is as to the plan of adjustment of the Alabama claims, The Times doubts whether the treaty will be immediately ratified by the Senate, but nevertheless trusts that it will be adopted and be- come the final solution of all the dificuitics between the two countries. ‘The Kuickerbocker Company Solvent and the President Vindicated. The few disaffected policy holders of the Knicker- bocker Life Insurance Company held an adjourned meeting last evening at Hubner’s Hotel. Mr. George + Kieim presided. Mr. Quackenbosh, chairman of the committee, who had been appointed to take action in regard to the complaints of the agerieved policy holders, stated that it aiforded him great pleasure to state that the repori of Supérmiendent Miler left the solvency of tie company beyond doube or cavil. ‘The committee had waited upon President Lyman, and been received by him in a fair, irank and houor able manner. Every facility had been afforded them to examine lito the potictes of the company, for the | purpose of ase ning the conditions under which they were issued. Their investigation, which was thorough and complete, fully satisfied them that the company Was well mauaged, and that batt Ae ip Oveupied @ position secoud to that of no other in the Yoong followed with some strictures on the manner in which some policy holders who had been deceived by the misrepreseutauions of agents had heen treates Mr. Grecubaum finally suggested the appointment of acomtuittee, whose arduous tas shoutd be to discover whether the policy holders who forfeited thetr policies by failing to pay thelr premiums ha any legal redress. One of the speakers said that eminent counsel had Deen consulted, who gave it ag their opinion that the alleged agarieved policy hoiders no cause m_ whieh to Giaim the interference of the courts, From the remarks made by several of the speak. evs ILappeared that they entertained & very coniused notion as to the principies which underlie life in- surance, Many seemed imbued with the delusion that a company would benefit In some mysterious way by cancelling the policies of its stockliolders, TELEGRAPHIC NEWS ITEMS. now Ce!) to the depth of three tneheg 6a North Mountato, on Tuesday night, Rey. Samuel Venton Blake, pastor of the Methodist Epis- copal ¢hured, died in Raltimore yesterday. Governor Ciaiin, of Massachusetts, haw appointed Snily Ward Howe and Mra, Stevens, of Gainbridie, Juaitces of the peace for Suifolle, James Perkins, democrat, waa elected Mayor of Williams port, on Tuesday. The republican candidates for Ro- corder and Treasurer were elected. Wiliam Hamiiton, actuary of the Franklin Institute, with whieh he had nm counected forty years, died in Philadet- phi« yesterday, aged eighty-one years, Rosanna Lang, a child two yearsof age, was ran the Norristown Railroad yesterday afternoon at M asaburb of Philadey Both legs were cut off above the knee. She lived but f minutes, Confederate Memorial Day w: N. 0, ord: v eatebrated at Wilming*o In the afternoon all bust cia visited the cemetery, of outiawa on Tus Lowry and his band into Lumberton, tn Testation, though @ company of United States soldiers was quartered in the town. A contest came off in Philadelphia yesterday morning be- tween two comporitors for prizes offered by tho propriet of the Printers’ Circwr for the awittest type-setting. “Gi Abronsberg eet 1,877 eme aud Rickard Nelvean 1631 om an bour, Anna Gibson, alas Patterson, the notorious confidenc: woman, was arresied in Rochester yesterday on thi of defrauding and attempting to defrand dil ons. She was com™ ited to nwait the action of the Grand Jury in Ootober vext a a ' | | rai BUrLRR—There 18 another class of officers m change 13 desirable. [refer to Triai Jus- tices, Not beiug properiy distributed, intem; | men, ra than ase the orainary legal age | ask is thal, i | SOUTH CAROLINA. Visit of the Taxpayers’ Commitiee to Governor Scott. The Old Patricians of the State Arranging a Financial System With Governor Seott. TWO MULATTO OFFICIALS TAKING PART. Harmony and Brotherly Love Prevailin Spoech of General Trenholm and Other Titled Gentry in the Convention. CoLUMBtA, May 10, 1571, The Governor’a Room in the State Ifouse tn this city, Which is one of he most magnificent edifices tn | the United States, presented this morning an un- usual scene, A commi(tee of eleven gentiemen, headed by Major Gencral Butler, late of the Con- federate army; George A. Trenholm, ex-Confederato Secretary of the Treasury; Mr. Richard Lathers; Colonel Ball, of Laurens; Mr. Gabriel Cannon and | seven other gentieinen, most prominent tn the State, | Who had been appointed TO CONFER WITH THE GOVERNOR to And some means of remedying the abuses now prevalent, held an interview in accordance with resolutions passed in the Taxpayers Convention now in sesston here, retary Of State Cardozo, a mu- latto; Lieutenant Governor Ri er, & brown man; Comptroller General Neagle, who weighs about 11) Pounds;;State Treasurer Parker, Financial Agent H. Hl. Kitopton, Auditor Dean, State Superintendent or Education Jillson and other ofitctals were present, It was the first time siuce 1865 that these gentlemea, representing any deliberative body, had met any oficial representing the republican government of South Caro!ina, and some of the com- mittee had never met or spoken to Governor Scott, and consequently vhere was much curivaity excited to see HOW THR INTERVIEW WOULD RESULT, Au invitation had been extendel to tie Judges of the Supreme Coart of South Carolina to attend, but they were not present, The committee ranged them. selves around the Governor's Roo. and took scats, aud the Goveraor entered, neatly attired in a black broadcloth — suit. feneral Butler, who 13 a weodeh leggen veteran of the Lost Cause, read the resolutions of the Convention separately to the Governor, and stated the ovject of the commit. tee briefly. General Butler, as chairman, opened conversation by saying the committee appeared, pur- snant to the resolutions, not as partisans or members of any political organization, but simpiy as citizens | of the State, to ascertain im what particular they could be able to co-operate with his Excellency tn bringing a better condition of affairs outh O; olina. That there were corruption, violence and a ; generally disturbed condition of socicty all partes | conceded, but with proper understanding aud an | exhibition of the right spirit he believed THE DIFFICULIMES MIGHT BE REMOVSD, | rnor Svott expressed his gratification at the | opportunity to lay before the sentative tax- | payers of the State all f pn relating | to the finances of the State, 1t has been wildiy con- | jectured that tlegal aud irreguiar manipulation of | the public funds had taken place, but not}: had | been, doue involving the credit i the State not strictly authorized by law. Both the Exccutive and State cals invite full investigation into thetr books and accounts, and the committee will thus be able to correc! many false Impressions. ‘I desire cordially to co-operate with you in satisfying the public mind on this sab- ject. Atmy own invitation the Treasurer, Comp- trotier, State Agent and other oMiciala are prosent, and all express the utmost willingness ty pad theur aid to the cominitree.” CONCERNING THE PUBLIC DEST STATEMENT Made by the Comptroller, I believe it is substan- tially true, Of necessity ihe expenses are accumu- lating, and are greater than they ought to be; but when there is distrast of public credit, the State which owes money 13 always forced to pay a Gov larger rate of Hence the vali and the dial sed. For | ponstdle, and [ think the officers have done everyullug they could to give conddence to the pabluc concerning the fauness with wich their duties have 2 is i. sal BUTLER—I am happy that the State Trea- surer and Coraptrolier have tndicatcd a willtagness 19 facilitate the investigation, Lhe sy have been at work this morning. ‘Lie es the cor t of the dept. Now t woatd the resolution Laquiring to cers have been unneces- Wa county, for instance, twenty-seven men are required to perform duties coanected with the essment and coliection of twXes discharged before the war by one. 1s it not | possible that & portion of these can be dispense?! with, ihus redacing local expenses? We ask nothiug which may not be comp! with consist- ently, in our judgment. Onr object ts not to impair your administration, but to aid it in every possible way In exercising economy in the goverumeut. GOVERNOR—I Ieel gratified at your friendly assur: ances on behalf of the Convention, The inerease offices was due to the belief that the new syst government would require aduitional meau AM satisiied that large nuinvers of persons can pro- fitably ve dispensed with, Certainly it costs two much to collect taxes, and there 18 abundant room | for retrencuiment. ‘Tiere 18 no question, nlso, that | of course, reqnives time to ver the statem: year been attached until year after, No sales have been forced for delinquent taxation im my knowledge, Mr. Tkentonm—SUll the penalty was incurred, and it would be very desirable if the public could be Assured that the penaity would not be lucurred by moderaie delay. Lav es 1 necessary, ulin p@:suaded iat nothing more GCOVERNOR—The ait If the pablic oa iy ae Se avoid 1s — ‘ion Was made that the collec. ton woull be deferred tl the 1st of Maren, or the penalty not attached, Would it mot be equivatent to saying (0, the peoplts “Your taxed are not wanted en?”’—ths tudtoing those who volun: tarily pay to walt tll the last mement Panes Mr, TRENIOLM—tlow Would such su as this do—that after the period for the Of taxes has elapsed you should make announces Ment that all delinquents who paid taxes before first March should have their penalues rematted ? Governd That will do, Richard Laruers—What the Convention desires isto apprise the public that, inasuuch as the law bears oppressively upon them daring ti year, although exceptional, you will announce now that (ime will be granted those who are unable to pay until the Ist of March, GOvVERNOK—T am perfectty wiliing to do that, Larngns—That, | think, Will be satisiactory to the taxpayers of the State, WEATHERBY—I think It Important that books especially ved in view have happy, gestion liection E shonid be opened at the thme provid: for the collection of the polliax. — f bei Governor's remarks tt would icial efivet on people and fnances. Colonel Bart, of Laurens county—If our people | can pay the tax at all it is during the mouths of November and Devember. The etop 1s tuea realized and arrangements are made for the ensuing year. LAtHees—What, then, ay we woderstand, Gov- Goyernor—That, after the time elapses to which the penaliy woot attach, unttl the ist of March will be given those unable to pay without the penalty. ‘The Conversation now became more general, the i nor speaking With fraukness on all questions inded. His Views on tie subjects discussed having been aiready published this unnecessary to recapitulate, As the Committee were dbout sepa rating the Governor, agier expressing his gratifica- interview, sail, “lam satisfied the Cou- AN accomphah their object readily by put- Ung forth lufuences that will atd ta the maintenance of law and order, and [Lam glad to see such @ dispo- sition manifested,” BurTLek—And if we take that course you will give us good onicers? GoveRNon—Of conrse I will, ‘The visit here terminated, both parties separating apparently MUTUALLY PLEASED ults and prospoot of reaching an early pxisting dificuities. All of the committee were present an invitation; Lieuten- gat Governor Kansier, Park State Au(liior Nagle, Kimpton, Cardoza. Be ach and Jillson also were intcrested spectators of the curtous scene, The conversation lasted neariy four hours. During ae interview of the special coaiumittee with Governor colt with the r solution of tne chic THE TAXPAYERS’ CONVENTION Was in session in the Senate chamber, Governor Porter tn the cl olution Was Offered by Judge Aldrich, 0: rinpowering the Execu- tive Committee and President to call the conven- hor wheu deine: sdieur, dud that the ordered, throuza the subs a@ report of th yndition of he war. a resotntion lustructed to forret ont and prosecute oficials unity of embeze alement of pubiic funds and members of tho Legise jatura guilty of wz bribes jor vyoivs, Colonel | Smart, of Beanfors, off ition oO posing re- nm, and at noon tie ‘ention adjourned to Allow members ty attend the decoration of Coufede- rate suldiecs’ graves at Eimwood Cemetery, this beng MEMORIAL DAY | ot the Sonth Alarge nunber of the delegates, however, attended the great chicken dispute be- tw and kdgelleld counties, several is of Wh Lumenabled to p that th hi took place to-day. state cock FIGHT | so far stands at a tie between the two counites, and renewed y. to-morrow. AL th graves ol ne Cohvenion IS Ayu IM session and ywied with attentive listeners, negroes, ‘The nl Thuiatto Sec toutsude the bat vol r Scott was escorted to @ seat on the floor, ‘ikomas, of Rockland county, made an elective speech mn favor of cumuative voling a the only remedy for the abuse aud griev- Ances of the present government, cing ine system tu Hbuois and declaring that God Almighty bad made an indeeastyie Hue of demarcation petween the negro and the White loan, and tuat ae white man must eventually DRIVE THE NEGRO from all participation ta legislation, unless the sys tem of cumulative votlug or mivority represcnvallon were adopted. Mr. Treaholm is now speaking with mage miticent it au ‘sal suffrage ecepted law of all moc band repuolfcan nations, and thet Uugh slavery was now sup- posed to be an ottous word—it never had been an odious word to him; vet God Almighty bad | decreed tn His wisdom that’ it suould be abolished, ar | he did not believe that a single member of the Donvention, who had nearly ali been siaveholders, | ifasked to vote on such a question, Would iit his volce tn favor of restoring slavery or having their former respongitiliues come back to them ag | masters. ‘To-might the watleries are ¢ i THE NEGRORS are all astonished at the wisdom, eloquence and moderation displaye! by the Conyention, and are visibly impressed, The procecdings of tie last two days bas vistuly improved the flnanclal it of the State, and tt is irked here thar tne bonds of Soult Curoliua have gone up two aud ball per cent. IMPOR ANT TO DISZILLERS, New Ralivgs im the Toternai Revenue Bureau. WASHINGTON, May 10, 1371. The following opinion of Attorney General Hil, relative to the internal revenue law requiring that every package of distilled spirits shall be properly stamped before it is placed in the market, has jast been made public T. AKERMAN, Atior ey Ge beg leave to submit the foiowinz opinion upon the question referred by you to me, of how far tie Commissioner of Internal Revenue lias authority DevartTMest OF Justror, Wasi, N, May 8, 1871. “al wd the resiainping Of casxs of distilled spirits: and fermented liquors where the stamp has become | detached and royel without fat on tre part of aay one. By we act of 20th July, 1868, provision was tade for the cvillectiul of the dulles upon liquors and tobacco by Means of revenue stamps. By the provisions of that act the form of the stamps for spirits 18 care- fully prescribed and detatied directions are given tn respect to Wie manner th which it snali be alixed, No provision is made for the cave of the destrnet: too much money is paid to Senool and County Commissioners, Unfortunately they are | not surrounded with suitictent checks, If | the Convention would take positive uciien and xpress an opinion concerning many of Lie oPlees | : stitution L believe it would have | Legistature, and indace economicat | crea weight with tn resirictions. sioner gets @ thou one school in the ¢ the Comptroller Of Stare 2A tal inight n One Of the conntles tie Commis. | rye and dollars sa) ‘That ts ah There ts rdiiy. neral might discharge Hitoy, ana the Assistant Adjut 16 abolish bat | a0, to secure them without tr lempted to take the law toto their | ‘hese things tend to violen Ali we | Whiie We have to sup: ve govern | ment, We may enjoy the benefits t low from a | gooa one, Give the people honest olticiais, end you Will have no cause of compiaint. Govrryxos—t faily appreciate your remarks, Bad | oiicials have prooabiy beén one of the most fruitful causes of trouble dung the last months Until recently, however, fro: stances beyond imy control, I've had difficvity in finding: le persons fr Trial Justices, My = impres js that the law should be d by the people Tam w ne ference to the law is owing to the fuel ple have not had the means of ¢ within their own reach. With rei Intion tnquirtug tato * THY NUMBER OF RONDA signed and disposed of the report of the Comp. | troller, gives ali the information L possess. The Governor here recapttuiated the statement, using eabstantialty the same feeis pubitehed. He added that the only real increase Wo the Stave debt, | in bis jndgment, vas the issue of $1,255,000 for funding of Mills in the bank of the Stats, and from that 1 Hold tiat baiance is merely ach »in form of dept, As rego ramora conce’ sue of bonds, they have no foundation wiatever, In reply to a question of General Butler, 93 to his | opinion on minority representation, the remarked that while it would be an extri nary | act of magnaniinity on the part of the majority to | concede the privilege, it is of the greatest import- ange to the people, | believe it will do more TO DESTROY PRE|UDIOK, prevent tll-felling and eancate the majority than any event that could occur. They would be the gainers should the Legislature next session pass au act pro. viding for minortty representation, [ Know many poitical friends disagree with me, but | feel it my duty to support measures for the good of the people. Lurbsr--One of the clef complaiuts of the people arises from the recent change tn the time of the cole lection of taxes, compe.iing during the present year the payment practically of two levies, We should ve glad to hear your views on the propriety of post- poning the collection, if such a course ts practicable, Goverson—The principa, object of the change may briefly be stated. @ found ourselves every year on the 18t of January without money. | The Interest on the public debt Is payable at that time, wand it is always expensive then to borrow. Again, A large clasa of persons realize from their crops in cing wnabl « ‘ence to the reso. Andife | hi of the stamp without fault ou the part of the tiliers, Reverting to sections 2 quiring the use of stamps, the Assista jeueral continues:—Tie ‘question pre your opinion seems to be, whetier any of these stamps can be used for the purpose of 8, under direction of the Commis 1 Revenue, Where the stamp pre- viously adixed thereto has been destroyed without the fault of the Aistilier, and sach use of stamps be ise 27 and 28 of that act, re Attorney ted for aliowed tn setting the accounts of collectors, This case 1s hot provided for by iw Whether power to direct such a resiamping 01 to the Commissioner of Interual Revenue by tapli- cation from all the provisions of the statute is, perhaps, amore dulicult question, No tax. ts ree quired to be more than once, and whiie the Jaw. requires a stauep to be aliixed to rits as the only legal evidence of the payment of the tax, there is no pro- vision king the stamp the sole aod conclusive cyiionee that the tax has been paid; or, in other words, Making tho taxpayer the mserer of the Stunp adixed by the e officers to Le casks of spirits. Ib would require the niost unequivocal legislation to make than prina Jacie evidence ol the ; tox, or to compel o [ax e paid a second time, because the stau been lost wit on the part of a taxpay Nevertae: leas, a stamp ts ret very tinute regn- Jations wilh respe er in wile stamps shail be tasued to collectors and in waich taey shal be used and the use of luem be acconpted for would seem to de any implication of an authority in any one Wo direct ther use In a diferent mode or for different parposes from those pointed out. I am of opttiton that the remedy — for the injustice nh would follow from com- pelling “a manufacturer to pay @ tax a second time, because the stamp hag been destroyed without fault on his part, is to be found in the power of the Commissioner of Internal Kevenue to resand taxes wronglully assessed, Power to do this ts given ni in language which ts, unquestionably, bread enougb to Inciude such a case as Unis, (13 Statutes at Lanse, 240.) Where a stamp has beeu des.royed and the taxpayer in consequence ts forced to ailx @ new stamp, the Commissioner, upon proof oi power to ditect the ne these facts, clearly has the price of the secoud stamp, or r second time exacted, to be would seem to be the most jeyitim ing the diMioulty until there can be Congress, 1 bave the honor to be “ ant, LEM dient serva “Assistant Atto! Approved, A. T. AKERMAN, Aliorney General. SONIGL COMMIZSIONERS AND SUPERINTENDEN ” CONVENTION. ‘Dria, N. ¥., May 10, 1871, At the State Convention of the School Commia- stoners and Superintendents now in session here the following oficers weve to-day elected for the narz-Presidont, A. B. Weaver, Albany; gente President, fthau M, Allen, Williamson, Wayne coumiy; second Vice Present, Geo ; & . tho tax thus a anded, and this rhe Way of meet- legislation by your very obe- a WILT, the fali, and during the months of November and December have more fun than om any oiher season of the year. Conseq the poll and other taxes, withe den, This would add muiny trousamt Goners to, whe Treasury—pernay ay half the year’s inte! ie pnblie ‘dork. vy Fegards the penaity, it has mo onroe, Orange county; Secretary, Sevea! Nord Hanulbal, Oswego couaty; Corres spouting Secretary, G. Cc. Anderson, sorodins, Onondaga county; Treasurer, Cyrus Stewart, Glo- ville, Fulton county. verre eveuing session an address was delivered by #roteasor North, of Hauailton Coliege,