The New York Herald Newspaper, May 1, 1871, Page 3

EUROPE, ne The. Pars Elections and the Increasing Unpopularity of the Commune. OUTSIDE PARIS. A Glance Into the German Empire as It is at Present. THE FIGHTING DEMONSTRATION OF THE LONDON REDS, Opinions of the English Press on the Alabama Claims. Dombrowski Denounced by His Countrymen. ‘The North German steamship Donau, Captain Erast, from Bremen via Southampton the 18th ult., arrived at tnis port yesterday with two days later mat! ‘he cattle plague is at an end tn Belgium, Amovement 18 said to be on foot in Corsica for annexation to Italy. chy Versailles government has refused to exchange Blancqui for the Archbishop of Paris. ‘There has been a tresh arrival of German: mumber of 18,000, at Cretell. M. Ozenne, Secretary General of the French Min- istry of Commerce, is to join the Brussels Peace Conference. The Emperor of Austria has addrezsed an auto- graph letter to Count GoicholsKki, appointing him a Member of the Cabinent. Hopes are now entertained in Berlin that the entry of the German army into Berlin will be made dm May or June. The Frankfort Journal says that General Von der ‘Tann has reported that the Commune has offered to him personally, not to the Germaa authorities, 2,000,000f. if he would deliver up Fort Charenton. It is believed in Brussels that the real chiefs of the Insurrection are Cluseret, Delescluze, Rigault and Tolaw, the deputy for Paris recently expelled from the International Society for deserting, as alleged, the cause of the people, M. de Kératry, the Prefect of Toulouse, threatens to place the city in a state of siege on account of disorders which have occurred there. Atamecting of delegates from the engineering trades in Newcastle, England, held on the 17th ult, it was resolved to agitate for the nine hours moye- Ment, In concert with the Sunderiaud engineers, ‘Who have been on a strike for a fortnight. The New. castle joiners are on a strike for fifty hours’ labor per Week and the bakers are asking for a reduction of their hours of work to ten and a half per day. In allusion to the ramor that Prussia proposes to restore North Schleswig to Denmark, on condition of the latter entering the Zoliveretn, the Indévend- ance Belge says that the Vaily News has exhumed an old report very inopportunely. The union of Germany has put an end w the Zolivercin in toto, for all its character and attributes lapse in the fede- ral power. Without becoming an integral portion of theGerman empire no foreign State can enter into customs union with it except by a treaty of commerce, In the Belgian iron trade a good current of orders prevails, In France the iron trade 1s in an unsatis+ factory condition. German metallurgical industry hhas also not fully revived, as a want of labor is stiil experienced. The Be\gian coal trade appears to be in 4 Worse position than that which tt occupied in Fevruary. The Hnglisn export cowl trade still iee!s the influence of the di-orders m France. The Vienna Commnnal Council adopted by a large majority an urgent motion tnat an address, ex- pressing the grateful recognition and sympathy of the inhabitants of Vienna should be presented to Dr. Dillinger, and that @ petition should also be pre- sented to the Imperial Ministry praying for legat Teguiation of the relations of Church and State. to the FRANCE. The Result of the sctions—The Positions Gained by the Government Trovps—The Prussians Kesolved Vot to Allow the Com. mune to E-joy Sriumph Stoutd They be Vict ious—C ascrets Order—Taiers’ Ofi- cial Kepo.t. {Paris (April 17) Ce TY of the London ‘vnnes. The result of the elections is a proof of the tn- creasing unpopularity of wie Commun Inaute ence is evident even in the quarters which used display special interest. Tae eleventh, twelita Beventecnth arrondissements scarcely look auy part an tie voung. THE SITUATION AT NEUILLY, Porte Maiilot has suffered much, The draw- briviges and gates are destroyed,’ the opemug Deing covered by an advanced battery across the road. The federals nave taken the town of Neulify as far as the eid of Rue Peronnier, beyond the church, within w few yards ot the bridge. ‘The latter is stil in the hands of the Versailles troops. They inflict considerable damage on the federais by fring up turough the cellar Lgais in te pavemeat, The battalons who have burue the bruntof the struggle display much lassitude. Many are without snoes, aud the greater number have received no pay forsix days. A company of artillerymen on duty at Newilly ihreatened to desert ‘wanless Instantly paid. [tis said that the houses and grounds about tie Park of Neuilly are hittered witn DEAD AND DYING to the number of 700 or 800. The ambulances being thrown ont of gear by Viuserct’s new arrangemenis, he endeavored to quisition” private soctettes, such as the Ambulances de la Presse, tue chiels of ‘Which decliued to go out at all unless’ allowed their former privileges. Cluseret’s new proclamations concerning the disarmament of refractory Guards have produced no effect. Honest me: only too glad to be disarmed at such 4 momeut. THE COMMUNE have invade’ the Palals de l'industrie, which is now a@ hospital. Dr. Chenu instantly retired, carryin with him his 520 wounded nen.” The dainage done to the Fart of Issy by the batteries of Chatillon has been repaired, LWwWo batieries having been employed in tne werk. WILL THE PRUSSIANS INTERFERE? An oMcer of the Prussian stail at St. shat Prussia will not allow tve Commane to eojoy is iriumph even shonid it gain the victory, ‘The day Of 1i8 success Will be marked by @ foreign Interven- ston, the object of witeh will be the re-establishment ofa respectable government. The Prussians have advanced as near as Auberviiliers and the Laudry road. Several newspapers allirm that THE WHITE PONTIFICAL FUAG taken yesterday was merely the eusign of an ambu- Jance.” The churches of st. Jacques and of si. Vine eenut de Pau have been pillaged and closed. The ALignty-sixth battalion, on duty wt Vanvres, has sus- famed a joss of eight Killed and ninety-six wounded 4n the combats of the last two nigats. The report hendet over fer publication announces ouly our wounded; one horse killed. THE SAILORS REFUSE CO MAN THE GUNDOATS On tie Seie unless they receive pay which 1s due to them. It i# Said Lhat the geadarmes surrounded ou the istnud of Grande Jatte have nearly all escaped, and Liat the Versadiios troops will abadon the Pans side ol the river, Which Will be heavily bombarded by Mont Valericu. The journais of the Commune announce that stringeat measures will immediately sbe taken against emigrants, traitors and refractory rsona, Two hundred men are at work upon i arricad? at the corier of the Kue de Kivoll aud the Place deja Concorde. Ivis tobe ten m tres deep, <oustructed of earthwork and masonry, and Is to bé Aarnished with torpeuves. INQUIRY INTO TRADE SOCIETIES, A commission has beeo Jnstituted to exemtne into she conditien of tue factories and Worksiops abun- ioned by their masters, and to report upon we Yueasnres nosessary for fLeir re-establishment m fworking order under (he amspices of the co-opera- Bive Workmen's socletiis.) A jury {8 aise to be formed whose duty it will be LO settle with the mas- ters the terms of cession of rhe factories to the work men’s societies, end also ths amouns of indematiy which is to be paid, ‘ CLUSERET'S LATEST’ REPORT. useret, who is now'iie head and frovt nis SVS Genera: | of the rebellion here, issned awe folowing list might REPUBLIQUE FRANCAISB—-LINENTE, BGALITE, FRA TRAN ES MINISTRY OF Wan, April 16. 1x71. To THE MEMMRKS OF THR CoMMUNE—-A determined atiack was made in the pignt, It was conducted principally against the sortot Vanvres, which had to sustain five consventive attacks. This morning the ambulance carriages covud still be ween bearing off the dead and wounded of tho aseailanta. ihe Kighty-sixth battalion deserves te be mentioned in the order of the aay for its sptend:d behavior. Commandant Ledrux #@_ also regom- mended to my notice by Citizen Endes for his ebje defence” of ihe fort of Yanyres, st Nenilly the combat continues foot by foct, every house necessitating a siege. I have given orders to act summarily, and to storm the houses, I Nave, beskies, sent engines of destruction in sul- ficient number to accomplish this dilticuit task. ‘The Versailles government renews a second tme its yain rodomontades and talks of giving us twenty- four hours to surrender. In the mouth of people who are in the habit of capitulating this language need not surprise us. Workmen, let your powder carry to them our reply. In one word, the situation fa good. It will be excellent after the complete organization of our battalions of war. The Delegate to the War Departm< ty CLUSERET. THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF WORKMEN has published the following declaration: —Consid- ering that M, Solain was eiected wo the National As- sembly to represent the working classes, and what he has deserted their cause in the most cowardly and disgracelul manner, the Parisian Federal Coun- Cll of the ‘Internavional’ expels him from its midst, and proposes to the Federal Council in London to confirm this decision.” FULL TEXT OF THIERS’ REPORT TO THE PREFECTS. Tne following is the official report in full, which, telegraphed from Versailles, was published on Sun- aay at all the prefectures in the french depart- ments:— VERSAILLES, April 16—5:45 P. M. The government was silent yesterday because it had no eveut of importance vo make Known to the public, and if it speaks to-day 1 is only that evil- minded alarmists May not abuse its silence in order to propagate faise reports. ‘The cannonade upon the two extremities of our position—Chatiion tothe south, Courbevoie to the nortt—was very insignificant last night. Our troops are getting ac- customed to sleep amid this roar of cannon, waich can only be maintained to keep them awake, We have, therefore, nothing to relate, except that the insurgents are stripping the principal’ houses in Pails in order tO sell the furniture for the beneilt of the Commane, which constitutes the most odious of spoltations, ‘Phe government persists in its system oi temporizing for two reasons which it can avow— in the first pluce, to be apie to collect forces so lunposing that resistance will be tmpossipie, and consequently less sanguinary; and, in the next ace, to allow misguided men time to recover their on. ‘They are told that the government wishes stroy the Ln a agape is absolutely false, being to put an end to civil war, tod its sole endeavor to restore order, credit and labor, and to procure the evacuation oi ‘the territory of the obitgations contracted sia, ‘these same misguided men are also told that we desire to shoot them—all which agam 18 false, the government granting pardons to all who lay down their arms, as it has: done in the case of the 2,000 whom it now maintains at Bele Isle without exacting any service trom them, They are also toid that, being deprived of the sub- sidy which enables them to live, tt is intendea to cause them to de of starvation, which is as false as the otier statements, since the government has promised them some weeks’ conttnuance of the sub- sidy to provide them with the means of awalting the resumption of labor—a resumption which 1s cer+ tain if order de restored and subinis=ion to the law obtained. To enlighten these men who have been thus imisled, whie preparing the means ol repressing their Misconduct should they persis such has been the intention of the goverment; and if some canuon shots have been heard, that is not its doing, but that of a few insurgenis who wished to make It belteved that they were fighting when tuey hardly dared to show themselves, Here is the trutt of the position of affairs complete, and for a certain number of days it will be the same, We therefore entreat all good citizens not to alarm themseives if upon any day the government, hay- ing noting to say, should prefer to remain silent. It is acting, and action is only to be judged by re- sults. Those results must be waited for without hurrying them, or they may be delayed by precipi+ tation. A. THIERS. by the discharge toward = Prus- POLAND. Dombrowsky, the Cemmander of the Com. munist Korces, Disowned by His Country. men. Count Plater, one of the Polish refugees in Switzerland, has addressed the following letter to the Swiss journals:— ‘The Commune of Paris has appointed:a Pole mill- tary commaader of that city. [ have a patriotic duty to rulill m declaring that the Poles are in no way responsible for tue conduct of one of their countrymen, wno, in accepting this command, has so cruelly abused French hospitality. They hold mouarchical despotism as much in horror as republican or socialist despotism, and their holy cause has naught incommon with the extravagant theories, the ren of terror and the violence which disgrace the insurrection of Paris, directed as it is against the power nommated by the people. Tue JO.ish cause Is that of order, right and liberty, and the new military commander In Paris has never been the head of the last Polish tnsurrection, alleged by the Commune. Truth above all, and responsibilty to whom it belongs. Count LADISLAS PLATER. Zenien, April 14, 1871. GERMANY. The German Empire—Is Unity Complete t— Feelings of the §axonians -What the Wure tembergers 'Phink—Alsace and Lorraine— ‘Tue Position of Luxembourg—Scenes Around Metz BERUIN, April 10, 1871. Though the newly born German realm ts a satt accompli tt would be iar from the truth to suppose that it enjoys the calmness and cleanliness, the serenity and conteutedness, of innocence in swad- dling clothes, Let no American think of drawing a comparison between this country, with its rival dynasties, feudal institutions, religious dissensions and most diversified imterests in the different sec- Uons, and the United States. A tour hours’ railway trip from here to Dresden would bring him to a hot- bed of Saxon particularists, who, up to this very day, make no secret of their disgust for Prussia, who buy no articles of beriin manufacture, who claim that without te Saxon aid the late victories Would not have been won, and loudly express their disapproval of King John’s having recentiy reported himself to the Emperor at Berlin, while, as they contend, it was racher the province of the Emperor to come to Dresden and pay his respects to King John. Going a little fur- ther—to Munich—he would soon learn all about the lofty pretensions of the Wittelsbachers, and on what conditions respecting reception ceremonies and royal honors to be shown him King Ludwig II. would only cousent to pay a visit here, But there are far graver questions, and of the most intricate nature, Which still await settlement, The German navy 13 one of those INSTITUTIONS OF THE REALM which at preseat ts uader Prussian control, and the organization and administration of which are en- tirely dependent upon the will of the King of Prussia, Until now the vessels have been simply named “His Majesty's,” and in publishing their orders the Admirais and Commodores speak of the King only. ‘There was formerly a Prussian, which was afterwards changed into a North Ger- man navy, but its chief command remained in the hands of Prussta, If the impertal dignity is the symbol of union, a8 Prince Bismarck styles it, must not the navy become an tmpertal navy, and thus mvolve & material alteration of the constitu- tion? Another duliculty consists in the river navi- gation duties, levied since Ume immemorial by the rapacious kuights whose castles trowned down upon the barges tramicing on tne streams—duties which have been exacted ever since oy the ruling succes- ‘8 of these former highwaymen, Considera! sums are required to abrogate these Noxious tas on the Bibe, the Over, &c.; but the newly tncor- porated Southern States have no interest whatever io tie abolition of them, for which in their own sec- tion they fuve made provisions long ago. Why should they, then, be asked to pay towards an onject irom Which tey ao not derive the ieast veneti? WURTEMBERG, Asif foreseeing the necessity of increased taxa- tion, Wurtemberg is offering already a proposition to raise the duty on tobacco, or, which tt would rather prefer, to Make tobacco a’government mo- mopoiy. Jt 18 & somewhat awkward proposition, im- mediately afer the termination of the war and the estabusiment of tie reaim, to heap a new burden upon the pesple, and this Inoreover in the shape of a government monopoly. The Prussian tinanciers, Knowing the opposition which ft will moet with on the part of the lwerals, are pected to cast their votes against Che proposition, thus giving Wurtem- berg a reason for dissatistaction, ALSACH AND LORRAINE, Weil-meaning voices have been heard from Alsace Advising, ax the Very best means of Conciliaung its Vast incustrial population, the razing of the fortiil- cations o. Sirasbon But, far from entertaining any sach pau, the War Departmentis busty eu gaxyed With te preliminary surveys and draits tor the erection of a whole series Of detached forts, at the cost of untold mullons of money, it would be easy to continue enumerating such instan oL coliding interests throughout the couutry, many of which, however, will become topics of discussion Im the Parliament, and that, too, contrary to the inteniton Of the government, which would fain avoid debates calculated to str up sectional passous, ‘The short session allotted to the First Reichstag, Which, resuming work on the 12th instung, Is expected to adjourn early ia May, indi- cetes Bismarce’s desire to dispense with ail matters of an embarrassing nature likely to disarrange or soil tie aiplesaid SWaddiing clotues. Thanks Lo this determination the draft of the bili for the mnion of Alsace and Lorraine with the Geren reaim does nov contain, a8 We are accustomed In similar tu slances to see, & hundred or more paragraphs, but barely three, ize We, William, by the grace of God, German Em- peor, King of Prussia, &c, &c., decree, in ihe me of the German reain, With the Consent of the ni Bund Council und Reichstag, as lollowsa:— us. L. Tho Territories of Aisnce and Lorraine, ceded, by Px Pr sacoordin, to tae prelinioary Pag Ad peace ot Feo. 26, 18/1, are wa.ted forever with the German realm. 8 IL The Corman congitution wil 0 into force ta tbe two provinces January 1, 1874. By an imverial decree, en- doraed by the Bund Council, some of tbe constitutional pro- Visions may be put into force previous to that time. Pan. lil, The logisintive rights of Aisnce and Lorraine, even in such matters as arv usually left to the decision of the State authorities, are vested, until the introduction of the constitution, in the Emperor, with the concurrence of the Bund Council, Au executive ‘rights belong to the Emperor. LUXEMBOURG, With respect to the rature fate of Luxembourg we hear of two opinions—ihe one matntaming 1s immediate incorporation tuto the German reaim, the other, Its —— from Holland and estabiisn- ment as an independent principality under Prince Henry, the present Stadihoider, Who would, In that case, append it to the realin, It must be considered that Luxembourg, @ neutral Stave, but connected With the German Zoll-Vercin by the treaty of 1:67, occupies & very curious position. If any conflict arises with other States Germany 1s bound to pro- tect the Zoll boundary of. Luxembourg, while the laver does not contribute an tote to the G muitary budget. Its participation in the verein is mitted by Luxembourg to be a question of ite and death with it. Hence the present moment is looked upon in the Rhenish provinces as extremely favoravie to the solution of the annexation problem. Prince Bis- marck, however. does not seem to favor any steps im the matter; heis probably looking to the yeur 1877 when the Zoll-Verein treaties will have expired, and the inttiation of requesting Incorporation into Germany will be forced upon Luxembourg. DARK SIDE OF THE PICTURE. Private letters received from iandwehr ptoneer ‘troops describe the horrible work they have to do on the vast battle fields around Metz However great were the battles of August of last year, what a terrible sight the thousands of Killed and wounded, how pestilential the odors which rose froin the shallow trenches |—they cannot exceed the degree of shuddering disgust which we lave experi- enced for three weeks, Guy after aay, nh our labors of disinfecting these dismal mounds, It may be called an easy job to pile earth on graves exhaling abominable “iutasms, where, we rain hav- ing washed uway the oil, portions of corpses are lying bare; but to open these trenches, to bury deeper the half-decomposed bodies, to strew disinfectants over them, to search out the bodies of ofticers, or to tuke out, us often happens, all the bodies and transter them to a more suitable place, 13 a work of indescribable horror, Still 1t 1s & necessary labor, a3 otherwise the whole of the neighvoring country would be ummnabuable, The etiluvia has so penetrated our garments thas we cannot get rid oft day or night. Disgust and nau- a deprive us of appetiie andsleep, Even cognac 48 hot relished and fails of its efiect, as alter drink- ing it we are chased by appaliing dreams, in which our ghastly work rises up before us, ‘the worst of it 1s that we can see no end to a task so exhausting and injurious to health, and that ten times the num- ber of men engaged upon it would be lnsufiicient to Set in order Uills city of Le dead. Notfor the sake of contrast, but asa matter di- rectly connected with the mourniul picture just given, we may mention extensive prepuratious on the artillery shooting groanus around this city for the purpose of testing, during tue coming summer, a@ Variety of different orduance, newly composed powder, monitor platings and especially projecules of the largest culluge, ENGLAND. The London Democrats and the Paris Come mone—vlass Meetizg in Hyde Park—ithe Universal Republic. {From the London Standar1, April 17.) A few days ago piaca.ds were posted on the walls inviting the men cf London to assemble in Hyde Park yesterday afternoon to vote an address of sympathy with the Commune, the National Guards and working classes of Paris. ‘(he leaders of the¥ movement made Clerkenwell Green their starting point, from whence, at about half-past three o'clock, they marched in procession, carrying red fags and headed by a brass band, along Fiect street, the Strand and Piccadilly, to the Park, In expectation ot their arrival a few hundreds of peo- ple stood at various convenient places along the route, and @ few hundreds more gathered in groups around a clump of trees about mid- way between the Piccadilly entrance and the Maible Arch, A platform was made of a coste monger’s cart, and business forthwith b There were onthe cart Mr, 8. Owen, Mr. James Murra: Mr. Radford, Mr. Johnson and’ several supporters. Fortauately for the success of their demonstration the rain had cicared off, and when they began \he proceedings the assemblage round about was pro- bably not iess than 6,000 In number, Mr. Murray was called upon to take the enair. Mr. Munray addressed those around him. He d clared this to be one of the most important mx ings ever held in Hyde Park. Their brave brotuers in Paris were not merely fighting for the rights of France, but “they were fighting for his rights and ther rights,” and for the liberation of labor throughout the civilized world from the trammels of capital He deliverately charged the men who conducted the press of England with ha ing done a great «eal towards bringing about th state of bloodshed going on in Paris. lt was not the red republicans, but their enemies, who had ever been the cause of bloodshed and of the worst calam- that had afflicted the human race. It was b: e the ruling classes of the world wished to live in ailiuence without labor that the working ciasses had risen in revolution. This meeting would show Jo the people in Paris that the men of London shed tears 0; sympathy for chem. Mr. RADFORD Was called upon to read an address “To the members of the Commune, the Central Co: mittee, the National Guards and the working cias of Paris, adopted by the people of London as bled in a public m ing held in Hyde Park on day, April 16, 18 em- uns ? Belore reading the document the speaker mentioned that Mr. Reynolds had senta letter stattug that he could not be present, and ex- pressing sympathy with the object of the meeting. He then read a jong printed address of twenty-one paragraphs, the frst of which ran thus. BuernreN—lWe send you fraternal greeting in the nama of the Universal Republic. We tender you our most ieart felt thanks for the sublime Work you are doing m bebalf of human iierty and in defence of your communal rights. We recogalze in you the ploneers of progress and the urch: of a new aud p state, while we rexard your preasors, the men stiles) an the the Man of December, and as the cowa instruments of Europran despots. Matuly priestridden peasantry, with Prussian Unroat, to setie simply the condi tion ta’ ended, and that ignominio: tion of your ‘vountrymen to the theless they stil exerelse the “authority gate to themseives the right to ensiave you. The document went on in ihe style of a royal speech, paragraph by paragraph, wishing success to the Commune, rejoicing that they were “deliberating on important ‘questions relating to organic social reform,’ approving of the selling of palaces and the appropriating of Crown tands to national pur- poses, expressing gratification at the separation of Church and State, acquiescing in the wisdom of aboushing conscription and banishing standing armies, and anxiously watching the progress of committees on labor, eaucauion, finance, and other urgent matiers. 1t contained au abjuration pious Hes promulgated by our veual and corrupt press, which 1s the instrument of despousms that thrive on monopolies of all kinds,” aud concluded with this paragraph:— And although our unscrupulous and moribund “povern- ment” ma Jno doubt are seeking, in collusion with the rebe rsaiiles, to precipitate forvign interven. tion in order to annibilate your righta, we, the people of London, belleving you to be fighting for the liberty of the world and the regeneration of mankind, hereby express our profound admiration forthe grandeur of your enterprise, nd tender you the honest, uncompromising hand of friend ship and felowship, Mr. Radford delivered a long and energetic spe which was in effect an echo of the senuments ex. pressed in the address, Mr. Jolson, a young man, spoke next, and ne- gan by styling writers for the press literary prosti- vutes, Who Would write for as many guineas as they could get. The time would come, he said, when they, too, would have to fight for thetr liberties, When men were crying tor want of the necessaries of life, and while there was plenty of land in the country to sustain them, it was simply murder that the ricn should ride over them in luxurious las- civiousness, Acesolution, “That the address Just read_ be for- warded to the Commune of Paris on behaif of this meeting,” was carried by a show of hands, only three or four voting against it. The vast: majority never held up their hands atail. It was then re- solved that the great want of the time was a daily republican newspaper, and agreed that support should be given to any eflorts that might be made to establisn one, At the second platform Mr. Weston presided, and the resolutions were advocated by Mr. Owen, Mr. Rogers, Mr. Le Lubes and a Frenca speaker. ‘The proceedings ended about a quarter before seven With three cheers for the Universal Republic, and with the singing of the Ma Haise, The pro- cession carrying (ue fags returned by way of Oxtord street. Tho English Press on the Reported Setric. ment of the Alabama Ciaims. The London Zines “falls the promise of a settle- ment of the Alabama dispute with a genutne satis. faction, although by no means disposed, even for the sake of permanent goud will, to go a step be- yond what tt believes to be the proper measure of international obhgations, There seemsa fair chance that within @ reasonably short time this troublesome question wul be detinitively settied. The temper of the Senate is, perhaps, the most doubtful element in the case. HH, as we iuay confidently hope, the Powers invited to nominate members Of the arbiirating Commission accept this duty, the Commission, con stituted of their nominces And the nominees ot the two pringtpals, will be sirong enough to construe the new rule of international law so far as may be hecessary ior its application to the Alabama case. ‘Tney Will have the statute before then, and us Jude and jury will find a verdict, If at should ve agamst Us, We inust bow to their decision; but we shall go into the arbitration wiih a good neart. We have fair grounds for confidence that the honesty of our attempt to carty out the rale, though It was at the time a self-imposed obligation, ana not a matter of International myht, will be made $6 apparent 4s to entitie us to an acquittal.” The London News says that “the principles on which the Alabama claims will be considered 18 set forth iv a rule adopted by the contracting Powers, to the evect that a neutral is responsible for depre- dations comiuitted apon a riendiy Power by a ves se! fitted ont and manned at a neutral port. | Tae practice of iaying down principles for the guidance of djplomatisis 18 a et desirable, though very onets at thelr eace, their mis. e wale of a por- brigands, Ne: Xacted, and arro- recent, innovation, t dates, in jact, from the Londan vonierence on tite Black Sea. hitherto the practice ax been 1 extract principles irom usages, rather than to conform aeee to them, and, as usage has been the renection of the power and self-interest of the stronger party, international Jaw bas often been separated oy & great gulf trom ORK HERALD. MONDAY, MAY 1, 1871—TRIPLE SHEET. common sense and sound morality. It wonld be impossible fairly to criticise the rule adopted by the Commi-sion until its precise terms are before us, Apparently it adopts the just view that though a ship of war may be exported to a belligerent as an arucie of merchandise, it cannot legally be sent out in & condition to make war without firstentering the port of the Power to which it 14 sold, The objection that, asin the case of the Ala- bama, @ vessel may be prepared to receive au arma- ment jn Liverpool, and may actually receive tt inthe Azores, is very littie to the polut, it only shows that the responsibility was divided tween two neutral Powers Instead of being confined to one. The plea that the v was not armed in an Eng- lish port, and that it was not bullt in @ Portuguese one, 1s like the defence of the confederates tried for shee p-stealing, one of whom truly urged that he had not taken the animal, while the other insisted that he had not got it.” The London Standard thus discourses on tne subject:—“We can have no doubt that it is for the benefit of all the family of nations that neutrais should prevent their ports being made the bases of hostile expeditions undertaken In the interest of one belligerent against another. If, however, the principte is established, the accual Investigation of the several Alabama clatms 1s to be remitted to a commission of five, to meet at Washington, one commissioner to be appomted by the ueen and one by President Grant, while the Emperor of Brazil, the President of the Swiss Confederation and the King of Italy will be Invited to nominate a member. apiece, It 18 added that no decision will be binding on either party unless agreed to by one of the Commissioners representing them—a provision somewhat unintelligible, unless: it refers to the extremely unlikely contungency of the three nominees of the friendly Powers being ranged on she side against the Commissioners of the Queen and the President on the other, In any case, if the Commissioners thus ap- pointed are unable to decide any claim within two years it is to be reierred to a new board of three, appointed severally by the Queen, the President and the Eraperor of Russia, whose aeci- sion will be final, There thus seeins a fair chanc that within @ reasonavly short tme this trouble- some question will be detinitively settied, The tem- peroft senate is, perhaps, the most doubtiul ele- ment i. the case. I, as’ we may condvenily hope, the Powers invited to nominate mem- bers of the arbitrating Commission accept, this duty, the Commission, constituted of their nominees and the nominees of the two principats, will be strong enough to constrae the new rule of international law so far as may be necessary for its application to the Alabama case. They will have the statate before tiem, and, as judge anda jury, will find a verdict, if itshould be oeaniey us, we must bow to their decision; but we shall go into the arbitration with a good heart. We have fair grounds for contidence that the hone-ty of our attempt to carry out the rule, though it was at the ume @ seif-Imposed obligation, and not a matter of international right, Will be made so apparent as to entitle us to an acquittal.” The London Telegraph contends that “the lability of England, morally and legally, depends upon wwe #tmple question what the law was at the timo; morally, because America had certamly taken large advantage of lis laxity, andhad no right to com- plain ifwe did the same, Granted that thelaw ‘was bad; that is a good reason for altering It in the future, but no reason for assuming tt to have been what it ought to be, .buc notoriousiy was not; and the very language in which the new rule Js promul- gated “assutucs that it is new. ‘the Com- mission are In fact applying to an International offence that which is considered in municipal iegis- Jation to be the neight of mjustice—an ex post yacto or retrospective law, It may be said that America would not agree to the change on any otner terms; that she had suffered by the ola law, and if she were not to be compensated for her sutiering would preier to retain i with a view ol avenging her- seif onus. But, for many reasons, we cannot think that America could have permanently maiutaimed such @ position, It would be too mean and du creditable for a high-spirited peop.e; and 1t would be unjust in fact and in history, for the Americans had been the first, the most frequent and the most audacious offenders against the new principle, and in sending out a score of Alabamas we should only have requited their treatment of oursely ot Portugal and of Spain in bygone times, As we re- fused to measure our present duties by their past errors, and stopped the Alexandra and the rams, though American courts had constant'y afirmea the legaiicy of similar enterprises against ourseives aud agains! other Eoropean States, so we juight fauly have asked America to establish a just law for the tuture, and leave the past to be tried by the law of the past. The just and honest course, as Americans temselves must feel, woud have been to refer the Alabama claims to arbitration on the express understanding that they should be tried by the actual law of nations; and 80 clear was our case on that ground that, if the understanding had once been come to that our liability suould be mea- sured so'ely by pabilc law, we siould not have scrup'ed to refer tie subject to # tribunal compos of American jurists. But tne factious hostility of M Sumner and nis colleagues to the then i'resident threw out the Johtveou-Clarendon convention, and forced the federal governinent to devise another and less creditable solution, and ihe present is perhaps AS good ag might be expected.” The Pal Maui Gazette concludes an article as tol- low: There 1s some difficulty, as the Zunes oOmMts Out, IN seeing how the rule established by the Ligh Commission is applicable to the Alabama. Tha rule 18 that ‘a neutral ponsible for depreda- tions committed on a iriendiy Power by a vessel fitted out and manned at a neutral port.’ The Alabama does not ajpear to come wader this rub for it Was Qi fitted out, if fitted out means supplied With it8 armament; ner was 1t manned, that means supplied with its fighting crew, in an Eng- lish port. However, We reirain from further abse: vation on that point, Which is at preseat unc Jvis almos: a pity that we receive incomplete or doubtful news on such Important matters as these, even thougil it goes very near the exact truth.” SUNDaY’'S RUM. uréerous Affrays and Stabbing Case terday—Three Men Probably Murdered, At seven o'clock yesterday morning Matthew Har- rington and Patrick Ryer, hostlers, employed in the Manhattan Hotel stables, 125th street and Eighth ave. nue, quarreved about cleaning horses under their control. After indulging in a number of epithets that were not complimentary to elther one, they squared off in regular P. R. styie and were en- couraged by their companions, who stood around and applauded efther or the other who happened to get in @ telling blow on bis opponent, After considerable sparring, in which both were severely punished, Harrington succeeded in knocking Ryer on the floor, and, jump- ing upon his helpless victim, commenced to beat and pummel! him in a bratal manner. Join Brown, THE JAPANESE MISSI * en Movements of Governor Ito and the Members of His Suite. Studying the Governmental System of the Country. A NEWSPAPER PRESS FOR JAPAN, What the Japanese Dignitaries Think of the New York Herald. America Teaching the East and the West the Neience of Civilization. WASHINGTON, April 30, 1871, On the Ist of February last Governor Jushe Hiro- bumie Ito, Assistant Minister of Finance of the Em- pire of Japan, accompanied by several secretaries, arrived in Washington, having been sent to this country as a special Commissioner not only for the purpose of studylag our financial system, but also to acquaint himself with a knowledge of American insti- tutions generally. He was accredited to the United States by the Mikado, and brought letters of intro- duction to the Secretary of State and Secretary of the Treasury from our Minister at Japan, Mr. De Long. THY MOVEMENTS OF GOVERNOR ITO since his arrival in Washington have from time to time been faithfully chronicled in these despatches, aud now, that his labors are completed, he will leave here to-morrow evening for the North, purposing to visit New York, Boston, Niagara and Chicago, and proceed thence to San Francisco, sailing for Japan some time in June next. Although but three months have been devoted to the object of his visit, those who have been most intimate with this first Commissioner sent out by the new Japanese government to acquire an understanding of the American system of finance say that he has made wonderful progress, and that he has been un- remitting in his efforts to become thoroughly posted even with the minutest details of methods of recetpts and expenditures of the government. He came for the purpose of learning, and his instructors have found it a pleasant labor TO EXPLAIN TO HIM THE INTRACIFS of different plans of accountabitity. Governor Ito, 8 Soon as he became settled in the quarters he was tooceupy during his stay in this city, reported to Secretary Routweil, and the Secretary designated Mr. J. H. Saville, the chief clerk of the Treasury Department, and Mr. Ross A, Fish, of the warrant division of that department, a3 Governor Ito's in- structors. These gentlemen, selected for their pecu- liar fitness for the duty assigned them, proceeded in @ systematic manner to unfold the intricacies of th circumlocution offices in the Treasury Department. When the records had been mastered, the party proceeded to Baltimore, to gain an insight into the customs revenue, In company with the Collector of Customs of that port they embarked on the revenue cutter and BOARDED THE FIRST VESSEL hating from a foreign port. The customs officers proceeded as usual in such cases, and the preliminary steps for guarding the custody of imported merchandise was explained step by step, until the vessel was moored at a dock in Baltimore, and the duties of the Ap- praiser and Naval Officer were also carefully ex- plained. ‘The dutiable value of the articles com- postng the cargo and the manner of collecting the duties were learned from observation, the labor not being cone! 4 until the money paid had been de- posited to the credit of the United States Treueurer. The revenue marine service and the oMce of the special agents of the Treasury were Ikewise made known ‘ and their rela- Uons to the customs service made clear to the Japanese Commissioner and his secretaries. Having finishe with the customs revenue, the workings of the internal revenue system were next attended to, and the machinery of the assessors’ and collectors’ offices explained with the greatest care. As tn Baltimore, the Japanese accompanied our in- ternal revenue officers in this city in the fulfilment of their duties, and learned with the same fidelity the system of deriving revenue by direct taxation, THE EVENINGS OF GOVERNOR ITO have been devoted to receiving instruction from one o1 the most eminent lawyers in Washingion in law forms, the methods of securing real and persons property, the nature of deeds, notes and mortgages, the routine of the office of the recorder of deeds and wills, and the manner of acquiring tides to pro- perty. All this it is the intention of Governor Ito to report to his government with the view of securing to the people of Japan as perfect tities and rights to their property as are enjoyed by the people ot the United States, Another branch of the Treasury Department, the Light House Board, has received the careful consideration of Governor Ito, ne character of our light house system, the various d signs for warning mariners of reeis and roc buoys for indicating the channels, and tn fact every- a hand employed in the stable, bvecoming enraged at the unfair manner in which Harrington was beating his helpless antag- onst, rushed up and dealt Harrington a blow over the back of the head with a pitcniork, which felled him to the floor in an insensible condl- tion, He was attended by a police surgeon and will be removed to St, Luke's Hospital if able to stand the fatigue. The surgeon staies Harringten is fa- tally Injured and has litle hopes of nis recovery, as he thinks his skull 1s fractured. Brown and Ryer were arrested by officers of the Thirty-second pre- cinct and will be arraigned before @ police magis- trate this morning and held to await the result of the injuries. STAUBING IN MULBERRY STREET. At half-past twelve o'clock yesterday morning Frank W. Helberg, aged sixteen, of 162 Bleecker street, and Mattie Winiers, of 211 Mott street, had an altercation at the corner of Mulberry street and Jersey alley, during which Winters stabbed Helberg in the te-t side with a penknife, infliciing a severe, though not dangerous, woond. The assassin, after juficting the wound, made his escape, and 1s still at large. ‘he injured boy was attended by police sur- goon Frazer ana given into the custody of hts riends, Captain Walsh has detatied a number of oiticers, Who are scouring tue city for the would-be murderer. A CUP ON THR HEAD. linutes past two o'clock yeeterday afternoon Michael Canty, of 433 st Kighteenth Street, and an unknown man quarrelied at the corner of Bighveenth street and First avenue, during which Canty received a slight cut onthe head, He was removed fo @ drug store, where his wounds were dressed, after Which he weot no’ He quested the police not to arrest the nan who had attempted to take his life, STABBED IN THE BACK. John Callaher, aged twonty-two, phy, aged twenty-three, both residents of 86 Henry street, yesterday afternoon quarreiled in Henry street. As Callaher was getting the best of his op- ponent the latter drew a knife trom his pocket and stay bed Callaher ia the back. The injured man was attended by police surgeon Waterman and sent to Bellevue Hospital. Murphy was arrested by oiicer McGrath, of the Seventh precinct, and will be ar- raigned at Essex Market this morning. A CUT ON THE HAND. Abont nine o’clock last night Michael McKenna, of No, 643 First avenue, while standing at the corner of Thirty-fourth street and First avenue, got mto an altercation with some unknown parties and received @ severe cut from some sharp instrument on the back of the hand. ‘The assailants made their escape and are sull at large. The injured man was con- veyed to the Twenty-first preciuet station hoase and atiended by a physician, aiter which le was given 1 charge of his friends and teit for nome. STREET RAILROAD CASUALTY. Mr. H. J. D, Hunt, residing at No, 169 Mercer street, New York, accidentally fell from a car of the Grand street and Newtown Rallroal yesterday afternoon, near the Manor House, Wiliamsburg, and was £0 seriously injured by the wheela of the car passing over his jet leg and crushing it that he Was sont to the Brooklyn City Hosptial, Andrew Gtidersvede, conductor, and John Brush, driver of tie car, were arrested and Jocked up to await the result of Mr. Hupi’s injuries, At twent nd John Mur- PRIZE FIGHT IN ALABAMA.—There are rumors Scene oe trous of the prize ring that there is a prize fight to come oft in this victoity some time dur- ing the next month between @ man named Allan Cay tahman, wane namo ty Ton ep ers polioe Dreveut it,—Selma (Ala. Ternes, April die thing belonging to this department of the revenue, has been fully explained. But perhaps the most at- tention has been given to our minis and coinage. AS has already been announced the Japanese government has adopted the decim: aystetn of the United States and thelr gola and silver colns will hereafter bear a relative value to those issued by our Own government, With the as- sistance of Dr. Linderman, of the Philadelphia Mint, and Mr. E. B, Elliott, of the Treasury Department, Governor Ito prides himself that he is fully capable of inaugurating In his own country asystem as com- plete tn all its details as our own, It has also been determined to adopt OUR NATIONAL SYSTEM of government bonds and currency. The bureau of the Comptroller of the Currency, the deposit of bonds a8 security for banking capital and every other detail connected with that bureau relatinggto banking have been inquired into for the purpose of developing the same system in Japan, and it ts un. derstood that negotiations have in fact already been entered into for furnishing the bonds prescribed by the Japanese government to carry into effect this most important measure. Tut finance has not alone absorbed the time of our Eastern visitors. fhe free common schools and TITE FREE PRESS OF AMERICA have tmpressed them with the importance of trans ferving to the ancient empire privileges as great as those enjoyed by the people of this country. The free schools of Baltimore and Washington have been visited. The grades established for the pupils as they advance in their studies, and the text books used, from the lowest to the highest grade, have all been made familar to Governor Ito With Vie free schools, im the opinion of the Japanese government, there shouid like. Wise be establisned a free press, and to the sys- tem of American journaliam not only has Governor Ito pad particular attention, bui one of his secreta- ries, Foukouisi, was editor of a Japanese weekly paper, published in the imterests of the old govern- ment of the Tycoon, but which was suppressed dur- ing the revolution in 186%, and apon his return to Japan he will start a weekly journal of his own, to be devoted to the dissemination of the new ideas gained during his eojourn tn this country, Speaking of the relative merits of THE LRADING JOURNALS OF THE WORLD, Poukonutsi says that the New Youk Heranp ts his ideal of a standard newspaper, and just such a ove as It will he his ambition to establish In Japan. While he admires the enterprise of the HERALD, its periect independence upon every subject of national Interest and its world-wide circulation, what strikes him as most wonderfal is its army all 8 parts as a newspaper the HERALD stood as THE HEAD OF ALL THE PUBLIC JOURNALS Of the world. He says that whenever the opportu. nity offers Japan shall have a newspsper that, if it cannot rival the leader of the American press, shail at least be worthy of the name of @ suc- cessful competitor. He looks forward to the day when by means of the cable and telegraph the inhabitants of Jeddo shall be as well informed of what ts going on In ail parts of the globe as are the people of New York to-day through the columns of the HeraLp. ‘That the Japanese government is really in earnest in this matter, and that it proposes to introduce for the benefit of the people all the arts of modern civilization, may be inferred when it 18 known that already some fitty Japanese young men, selected for their worth and intelligence, have been sent to the various universities of Europe and America to receive A COMPLETE COLLEGIATE EDUCATION, Every enlightened nation is to have two or more representatives at its principal institution of learn- ing, and yesterday a delegation ot twelve Japanese students arrived here to pay their respects to Goy- ernor Ito prior to their trip abroad. Of these six will enter English untversities, three Belgian, while one goes to Heidelberg, and two remain in this country, In addition to oral imscrac- tion, Governor Ito has purchased over $7,000 worth of books, principally the standard encyclopedias, treatises on international law, political economy, histories of the United States, the writings of all our distinguished statesmen from the Revolution down. In addition to these the government has presented him with COMPLETE SETS OF OUR STATE PAPERS, the public documents issued upon subjects of Ine ternational iuterest, while the Treasury Depart- ment has supplied him with the planks, books and forms used in keeping the financial record of the government, These, together with other purchases: suflctent to fill several cars, wiil form the baggage of the first spectal Commissioner of the Japanese government to the United States on his retarn to his native country. Wherever Governor Ito has been he has won friends, and the eagerness with which he has devoted himself to the study of our institutions assures all who know him that, if he 18 spared to carry out the purpose of his visit to this country, another decade will not haye passed pefore the people of the United States can number among their warmest friends the na- uves of a country Whose ports were first opened to the civilized world by our navy, and who now gratefully acknowledge the mission of Commodore Perry and ask us to aid them in acquiring the biessings of Amertcan civilization, THE DEATH OF MR. HAIGHT. In yesterday's HERALD Mr. John O'Reilly was ree ferred to as having, by his brutal conduct toward the wife and servant ot Mr. Heury M. Haight, an aged gentlemen, residing at 685 Eaghth avenue, so ted and excited bim as to cause his sudden de- se. Mr. O'Reilly now denies that bis conduct toward either Mrs, Haightor the servantwas bratal, and red himself to have been extremely aient, considering the provocation he had Fee 4, die further states the damage to his goods: servant, for which he attempted to get re- , Was the opposite of idental: that having cailed her attention to the fact that she was be> spattertug his goous by the careless use of water in the cleansing of the windows she became augered and seized a filled dipper, dashed the Auid Lull upon the goods and then retreated up stairs, barring the door alter her. He having procured her arrest, Mr. Haight exerted himself so unusually in altempling 10 bring avout her release that i and the proneness of flesiy persons to sudden decease broaght about hs unlooked for death, A FUNERAL INGIDENT. jemive Oration. Joon F. Dickipsen, Interruption of an The obsequies of Mr. aiternoon in the Cook street Methodist Episcopal chureh, Williamsburg, in the preseuce of a largo congregation, The Rey. Mr. Jonnson, city misston- , conducted the exercises, and the sad event was Appropriately alluded to, tuitl, in very bad taste, he alluded to the life of the deceased, and commenced to tell an anecdote of an old man and & young man in Judea who practised gambling, of correspondents scattered throughout the world, constantly telegraphing and communl- cating the latest important intelligence from tho four quarters of the globe. Alluding to the comparative merits of the London Times and the New YORK HRRabp as the leading journala of the Engheh speaking nations, he said tt appeared to bum Mat the HekaLp was to America what the Here the sister of the deceased arose and In an excited manner commanded Mr. Johnson to stop bis remarks, Saying that tuey were altogether unenied for aid jaapproprinte. This appeal caused quite @ Mr. Jounson apologized ior what he The pastor of the church, Rev, ved Lhe services by oitering up & he remains of John Fletcner Dick- sensation, fervent prayer. inson were followed to Union Cemetery by a large number of citizens mourned hit ind who knew him ath A DEAD 2OOY FOUND. Great Excitement in Newtown—The Coroner ified, Who Discovers that It ts the Body Revolutionary Soldicr Killed in the y the Coroner of Long Island City was notified by a m nger, Who had ridden in great haste from the scene of the excitement, that a dead body had been found that morniig at one of the ex- vations which is veing worked a Thompson's at Newtown, and inat there were grave suspicions of foul play. ‘he Coroner immediately hastened to the scene, 2nd found atone of the eXcavautions re- Jerred to in Newtown that the workmen had une earthed a perfect skeleton with tragments of clothing still adhering vo It, together with the beard and hatr. At firet the surrounaings gave the lmpresston that the man had been dead bas a short ume, perhaps two or tires years, and that foul play mixed ap with the transaction; bat further ine vestigation disciosed the fact that the ground had been undisturbed for at least twenty-five years, and from the remnants of clothing found on’ the boned no doubt the wan was a soldier and buried at the time of Wie occupation of the island by the British, during the Revolution. A pipe and other curiosities: were iyund on the pi ; in ie and eta ACCIDENTS YESTERDAY. At eleven o'clock yesterday morning Jesse Silvers, aged thirty-fve years, a boarder at the New England Hotel, corner of Bayard street aud the Bowery, was found on the floor tn his room dead. He waa dressed in black clothes and bad black hair and side whiskers The Coroner has been noufied, and will myestigate the matier to-day. ‘Thomas McCarroll, aged four years, residing at No. 74 King street, Was accidentaly tua over by . ixth Avenus line, breaking his . The driver, Was arre by Detective Von n, of the Twenty-cigiith precinct, and will ighed belore Justice Snandiey, at Jeiterson Ss morning. jast vight Alexander Graham, re- siding at No.2 Orchard street, while enacavort to geton acarat the corner of Canal str ‘and Bowery, fel under tie car And was severely cut on che he He was attended by @ physician aad seut home. At hail-past six Charles Middleton, residing in Norivik street, near Hester, fei ac the corner of Grand street and Bowery and broke his leg. He was attended by & police surgeon und seat to Belle. vue Hospital. nus Hogan, A STEAMB AT ROBGERY. Some romantic individual yesterday afternoon entered the cabin of Willard A, Hasey, on the steamer South Carolina, lying at the foot of pier and No. 48, Sorta stole @& satchel con- hunting $ antity ot jewelry, ‘The thief 18 described a¥ XVve feet two tnelies high, dark complexion, black eyes #ud thin Whiskers, ‘Yhe police will probaoly catch the thief avout tue said Huse they do the Nathan murderer, river, THE EXT PRESIDE... GLEGTION—WHAT THE SOUTH ASKS. {From the Savannah Republican, April 23.) The South has no uegro issue to make in the coms ing contest, All her views are pavional and cons servative. We tuink we kuow the temper and oplmous Of her people on that question. and, at the Fisk Of a note Of dlssent from a lew extremists, we now take oceasion ty emory them. in the following sitions, Which, We betleve, will meet the cordial nt of ninc ty nine out of every handred demo- crats in the South. aca i regurd African slavery a8 abolished, nally and foreve e-ond-—Wqual civil right to every class of Amer can ettizens Without distinction. tan government, Third—W bile we hold that repul Wo be Wise and & must rest apon tie virtue intelligence of the poople, and yiew with serious ap. prehension the incorporation of a large servile clase Of uuiettered persons, Wholly unfived by previous education, dabit or associauon, for an Te of the elecuve franchise with the voting popul of the Union s sudrage without distinction of race, color of previous condition, has become en- grafted upon all the constituttons, Stato as well as federal, we accept the change as law, and, repudi- anng all respuust? lity therefor, will give It @ fair trial, leaving to the future to determine, by the light of experience, whether a continuance of the system saail or shail not be safest and best for the country. ai the ithern ‘Tuese propositions. In our {ndemnen views of the great oody of inteiligeat on the Moy thie oy tan if the J can make aking sae wis thane thes are welcome to the vetorp popular spordng man, were celebrated yesterdays,