The New York Herald Newspaper, December 1, 1870, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR, Volume XXXV —=— AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, WOOD'S MUSEUM Broadway, corner Sith st.—Perform fnces every afternoon mad evening. ‘FietH AVENUE THEATRE, Twonty-fourty 6t.—Frn anne. penne BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.-NROK AND Neox—Tux pee AUN TERS. ‘POOTH'S THEATRE, Wd st., betwen Gth ama 6th avs,— VAN WINKLE. SWALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway una Wik strect.— Prom ~UNIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Snakrerere's COMEDY a As You Luxe Ir, )LINA EDWIN'S THEATRE, 720 Broadway.—LivTLE aon Suerrann. “e NEW YORK STADT THEATRE, 45 Bowery.—GRAND Gruman Orena—A NiGhr IN GaANaDA. GRAND OPERA HOUSB, corner of 8th av. and 23d st.— brs Beiaasns. OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway.—Tms Panvomims or ex Wituk WiInkir. A ‘GLOBE THEATRE, 728 Broadway.—Vaniery Kxtre- INMENT, £0. SURE. F.B. CONWAY'S PARK THEATRE, Brovkiya.— Ackoss THE CONTINENT. }EONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 201 Bowery.—Va- Bier Eqrenrarmcnt, THEATRE COMIQUE, 514 Broadway.—Couto Vooat- Jew, Neaxo Acrs, £0. ee LXELLY & LEON'S MINSTRALS, No. 308 fun ONLY Leon—La Bose DE St. FLOUR, Broadway.— &o. , SAN FRANCISCO MINSTREL HALL, 686 Broasway.— Aeouo Minsregcsy, Fancrs, Bonuesques, £0. ’BRYANT'S NEW OPERA HOUS 28d st., between 6th | ee 7th ava.—NEGKO MINSTRELSY, CORN TRICITIES, &0. ;HOOLEY'S OPERA HOUSE, Broeklyn.—Nruxo MIN- Prueisr, Buacesguxs, co. BROOKLYN OPERA HOUSE——Wrion, Moeure & Ware's Minsteres. -Tor InTeu.icrN1 DuTOUMAN. APOLLO HAUL, corner 28th street and Brondway.— De. Couny'’s Diotama or InRLAND, NEW YORK CIRCUS, Fourteenth street.—Somnas IN ‘ena Kuve, Acnosars, do. _NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— AND A TRIPLE T. ae : New York, Thursday, December 1, 1870. | = a eed j CONTENTS OF TO-DAYS HERALD. Poor. ‘Advertisements, y= Advertisements, ~Complete Defeat of the French Army of the J olre; the Victorious Prussians in Close Pur- Suit of It; Report. of its Capitulation; Kus mored Surrender of*Paris; Detatla of the Sortie of Tuesday; the French Repuised with Heavy Loss; Terms of Peace Arranged Betweem Na- poleon and King William; the Emperor to Re- enter France at the Head of His Army—Napo- eon: Daily Life of His Majesty at Wilhelins- hohe; Distinguished Visitors, Outdoor Exer- cise and Good Health—Russia: The Euro- pean Monarchical Strugglo on the Eastern Question; Prussia in I ndent Neutralit) and Likely to M + William’s Cal net Reviews the ty of god Sympa- thizes with the Czar; Turkey Vigtlent and Aviming on the Danube and for Sea; Russia Unaai ai to the Crown and Firm against “Hostile Alliances;” England Must “Back Down,” Swallow.the Gi Nete or Fight; A ress Certain and , ry ry ne Tavited to. \d—Injury to the Atian- C les. 4—Europe: Mail Advices to November 18; the East- ern Question Agitation; Gortchakoff’s Circular and Granville’s Heply; What Russia Really Wants inthe East; English and Scotch Pre- joey for the Royal Marriage—The African iamond — Flelds—Naval — Intelligence—Real Estate Matters—Cuba: Publication of a Decree Providing for Election of Deputies from Cuba; News from the Insurgent es—Obituary— Story of the Stonewall —General Items. S—Court of General Sessions: Close of a Brilllant Term—The Bereaved Bavarian—The Latest Mystery—The Courts—Another Unfortunate Kelly—Night Attack on a Mail Train--The St. Louis Beldge: Proj of the Work on the Great Structure Across the Mississippi—A Lunatic Asylum Afloat—Stock Speculation: Jum Fisk, Jr., in His Quondam Role as Stock Broker—Oatifornia Centenarians. 6—Eiitorials; Leading Article, “Progress of the War in France—The Beginning of ¢he End”— Amusement Announcements. y—Ealtorial (Continued from Sixth Page)—Per- sonal lntelligence—Washington: The Commit- tee of Ways and Means at Work; The Whiskey Tax Not to be. Increased; The New York Cus- tom House Troubles; The Alabama Muddie; Governor Smith Not Sustained by the Admin- istration—Tclegraphic News trom all Parts of the World—Tne Hines Homicide—Business No- tices. S—New York City Items—Oity Politics—Missourt Politics—Political Notes—Disasters at Sea— Jack Ashore—Almost 2 Catastrophe—Episco Church Consecration at Rahway, N. 1 Brooklyn Taxation—The National Game—Post | Office Affairs—Custem House Matters—The ORNS. Coal Trace—Desecration of Tombs in Trinity | Churehyard—The Murderous Assault in Trenton—Slanghter on Jersey Ratlroads— Lectures Last Night—New Jersey Items— Marriages and Deaths. 9=Financial and Commercial Reports—Confession of Crime—Advertisements. 10—The Hebrew Fair: The Falr Daughters of Israel in the Field of Charity—The Piper and the Haggis: Anniversary Dinner of St. Andrew’s s Explosion at Brtdgeport—Meteoro- ecord—Shipping {ntelligence—Adver- nts. 4—Adyertisements, —Adiveruseme: Ovr Drspatonus report that the French jrmy of the North has retreated upon Arras, This place is a fortress situated north of miens and south of Lille, nearly midway be- fren those places. We doubt, however, if he French will make a stand here. hey will }ather rapidly reorganize at Arras and con- finue their retreat to Lille, which place, being well provisioned and ar facilities for a vigorous defeace and more hope of success. ANNEXATION 0) ora. —A despatch from Ban Francisco indicates that a movement is on foot to aunex the nerthern part of the Mexican Btate of Sonora to Arizona. The audden and | fnexplained emigration of many leading Mexi- ban families from Sonora to Arizona gives a fe of probability to this rumor. For many rears a strong annexation party has existed in orthern Mexico, and but for the strong stand taken by our own government against filibus- x8 Chihuahua, Sonora and Lower California pos new be either within the boundaries of the United States or under the flag of a new fepublic. Pik { ‘Tue Romozep Carmvzation or Parw.— hile we disbelieve the rumor of the capitu- tion of Paris, it is certain that the city annot hold out much longer. If even the pocialists and reds fuil to get up a revolution against the rulo of Trochu and Favre—and we are morally certain they will try to get up ne—starvation will sooa compel the Frerch . lay down their arms. Tho disastrous i of the sortie of Tuesday must ave convinced them that there is po possible chance of their raising he siege by piercing the German lines, nd the defeat of De Paladines’ army destroys eir hopes of relief trom the departments ithout, As thoy cre reported to have but wo weeks’ supply of provisions left we may to hear of their surrender at any day. t fs gratifying to learn, in this connection, at the Prussians ore accumulating great applies of provisions at Versnilles for the mrpose of preventing tho Parisians dying of ed, affords greater | NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 1, 1870.-TRIPLE SHEET. Progress ef the War in France—The Be- @inning of the End. From the defeats of the French armies of the last few days, north of Paris, at Paris, and south of Paris, it is evident that the war will soon be ended. The war began with tho advance of the armies of Napoleon upon the --Ne, 335 | German frontior; and till the battle of Woerth it was the general impression that the campaign would be fought on German soil.and ended with the French occupation of or advance to Berlin, But Woerth reversed the invasion, and from that field the German armies poured {nto France. The battle of Gravelotte de- tached Bazaine from McMahon and shut him up in Metz; Sedan disposed of the army of McMahon, the Emperor and the empire; the capitulation of Metz, for the purposes of this war, annihilated Napoleon's grand army ; and, with Paris beleaguered, an improvised French republic, with its provisional government partly in Tours and partly in Paris, assumed the desperate task of expelling the, Germa: invader, ‘ t The regular French army, trained, equipped and mustered on or hard by the German fron- tier, to the number of three hundred end fifty thousand men in July, -had disappeared, had, in fact, ceased to. exist; yea, in killed, wounded and prisoners, fifty thousand more had been added to the losses of France, and over half a million of trained soldiers of the armed nationality of Germany were on the soil of the republic before this provisional French government (except in the immediate defence of Paris) began to devélop anything like an army or # system of offensive or defensive operations. All that the Germans had left of the original armed reserves of Paris were shut up‘n Paris, and for outside defensive or offensive movements France had no army. There were, however, raw ma- terials in abundance from which armies might be created and brought into the field, and to this work that part of the provisional govern- ment which fled to. Tours has been devoting itself with the energy of despair, We dare say that on Monday last, north and south of Paris, and actively operating for the rellef of Parjs, there were not less than three hundred thousand armed Frenchmen in the field, and not witheut the hope of reinaugurating the resistless warlike reaction of the republic of 1793. But since Monday last all such baseless anticipations have been dispelled. The French Army of the North, at Amiens, bas been badly defeated, totally routed, in short, and put to flight towards Arras; the Army of the South, at Beaune, in attempting to force passage to Fontainebleau, was repulsed with heavy losses in killed, wounded and prisoners, and, failing in this attempt, the Army of the Loire has withdrawn. Several-sorties from the west and south sides of Paris~in force were easily repulsed by the Prussians, and with severe losses to the French. Grouping all these movements together, as parts of a general plaa of operations agreed upon between General Trochu in Paris and the active government at Tours, we reach the common object in view and the extent of the failure. The common object was the relief of \ Paris, and the failure seems to involve a speedy capitulation of Paris and the imme- diate abandonment of Tours by Gambetta and his colleagues in the government there. We are not exactly informed of the move- | ments of the main army of Prince Frederick Charles, From such hints as we have, how- ever, it would seem to be bis purpose not to drive away the French Army of the Loire, but to cut off its retreat southward and to enve- lop and capture or divide and disperse it, and at the same time to take possession of Tours. But whatever his designs, the disasters of the French at all points since Sunday last justify the conclusion that their hastily impro- vised armies are powerless against the disci- plined Germans, and that General Trochu’s three or four hundred thousand troops in Paris are wholly unequal to the task of raising the siege or cutting a way of escape through the enemy's lines. We return, then, to our first proposition, that this war on the part of France for the expulsion of the invader, or for the relief of Paris, is at length proved to be worse than useless, and that in these late French defeats we have the beginning of the end. It is reported that the Prussians are coll ect- ing near Paris an immense quantity of pro- visions for the immediate relief of the inhabi- tants with the capitulation of the city. Count Bismarck, some weeks ago, called the attention of the world to the difficult question—How { aro we to prevent the starvation of thousands of the people of Paris if the capitulation is deferred until the city is reduced to famine? | How are we to supply, even fora day, those two millions of destitute people thrown upon our hands when it is as much as we can do to supply our ewn army, and when the country, for several days’ march from any of the gates of Paris, is utterly exhausted? If this report, however, of the accumulation of provisions by the Germans is true (and we hope it is), Count Bismarck, in a practical way, has undertaken to answer his own question; and in view of the expected capitulation we trust that in this benevolent stroke of military diplomacy he will achieve a glorious success. But if the war approaches its termination { what will be the terms and results of peace? | Rumors of intrigues for the resteration of the Napoleonic dynasty and empire are still indus- trionsly circulated; the younger Bourbons are still said to be hopeful; but we are rather inclined to the opinion thatif King William can get his ‘‘material guarantees” from the present French government, such as it 1s, subject toa ratification by a constituent assembly from the French people, he will consent to the estab- lishment of the republic os the shortest way to peace with France and peace in Germany. ‘The opportunity, we think, has certainly come when England may do something great and gracious for France and for Germany in behalf of peace. Having escaped a conflict this time with the Russian Bear the British Lion ought to remember his powerful ally, France, in the Crimes, and step forward mag- nanimously as a mediator for her relief, if for ne other purpose, to make sure of France when wanted again. Drap Low Water 1x Wau Strret.—The Wall street markets have drifted into a con- dition of nearly complete stagnation. The excitement of the Auglo-Ruggign question bas died away, and the Franco-Prussian war occa- sions no new interest. Gold hangs lazily in the vicinity of 111, and stocks are lifeless, A Fisk, a Drew or a Vanderbilt is sadly nooded to stir up the lethargic markets. ‘The War Situalion in France. It is almost hoping against hope to look for- ward and expect anything but disaster for the French arms. Beaten at Amiens, repulsed at Paris, driven back at Beaune-la-Rolande, we cannot see what the armies of France expect to accomplish by a continuation of the struggle with the Germans, From the battle of Saarbrack to the operations at Amiens, Paris and Beaune, within the last few days, the prozress of the Germans has ap- peared more like a trinmphal march than the hostile iavasion of a country whose people were the boasted warriors of Europe. Every telegram which flashes across the cable from France is but another confirmation of French defeats, A despatch from King William to the Queen announces the ‘victory of Prince Frederick Charles over the Arm f_ the Loire.’ In this. battle ere adines was wounded. It {s. but jnstice to the stricken soldier to admit that he has done well by his country since. he was Sppointed to the important command which for a brief time cheered the drooping ‘spirits of the French nation by a temporary success. But the hope which that apparent advantage called inte existence must now fade away into the gloom which the recent disasters cast over the Army of the Loire. The end approaches, the tragedy draws to a close, and the fall of thecurtain on the last sad act oannot now be much longer delay ed. De Paladines’? Defeat. Either the strength of the French Army of the Loire has been greatly exaggerated or the material of which it is composed is or was (we are uncertain if it still exists) very poor. In the battle of Beanne- la-Rolande it is reported to have been completely defeated, and yet its total losses are set down by King William at not more than sixty-six hundred men in killed, wounded and prisoners. The battle could not have been a very sanguinary affair if the loss was no greater. De Paladines was sald to have under his command nearly a quar- ter of a million of men; but if hia force did not exceed one half that number his casnalities would have been greater had the French fought with their traditional heroism. We are inclined to believe that his men were badly disciplined, disheartened, and consequently demoralized, and that they fought badly. This belief is strengthened by the disproportion of losses sustained by the Germans—set ‘down at one thousand by the King of Prussia. Our latest despatches mention a rumor that the Army of the Loire has surrendered; but the story is doubtless false. De Paladines’ rear was unobsttucted, and he certainly would not capitulate while he had a safe line of retreat to Angers and Nantes, Queen Victorian and Eugenic, Her Majesty the Queen of England paid a visit to the ex-Empress of France yesterday. It was not a mere state ceremonial compliment of form, after the Buckingham Palace style, but a downright womanly, friendly mission of comfort, and mayhap of consolation. The Queen remained at Chiselhurst full three hours. Now, any two women in the world, no matter how uneducated they may be, can talk an immense deal of matter in the space of three hours, and if the conver- sation which took place between the two royal ladies yesterday could only be given to the world verbatim it would form one of the most important dialogues which has ever been pub- lished, There was excelleat progress made, no doubt, in repairing the balance of the world, as it has been affected ever since that unfortunate escapade of Helen at Troy. Eugénie is excellently well posted on the “Eastern question.” This fact has been patent to the world since the publication of the HERALD special letters in which we reported the opening of the Suez Canal and the after progress and exercises of the Empress of France in Egypt, with her chaplain Pere Baner, almost exchanging the vestments: of Rome for those of the Oriental Church. The Pere took notes in Egypt; he was the Napoleon ‘‘chiel amang them,” the only dif- ference between himself and Robert Burns’ hero being found in the fact that the reverend Father did-na ‘‘prent 'em.” Eugénie and the priest met his Majesty the Sultan at that time. The Turkish ruler is a particularly gal- lant gentleman. Could he refuse to give a “ittle light from the Orient” to the fairest and most dazzling of the lights of Eurepean beauty? Scarcely. Queen Victoria may have been anxious to talk over this whole East- ern subject with Eugénie yesterday. If she did so Premier Gladstone and Earl Granville had better ‘tread up” a little before they moet her Majo ty in that next Cabinet Council relative to the Treaty of Paris and the Black Sea navigation, We are pretty certain that the Queen will be well posted on all matters “‘appertaining thereto,” and have a line of policy of her own. Mr. Gladstone must look out for the ‘Great Seal,” and think if there are amy means by “which our sovereign lady the Queen” can lend a helping hand to a royal sister in dis- tress, and, at the same time, absolve and atone for Waterloo in her great charity as head ef the Church of England. We shall see. Would the Empress undertake a mission to Constantinople? Would she ‘‘see” her friend the Sultan on the subject matter of the Old World crisis and its causes? Would her son, the Prince Imperial, accompany her, and pre- sent a royal missive from England to the Poxte? It would bea grand opportunity for the young man. His anxious mother will not neglect itshould it present. GeweraL Beavreaarp left this city yester- day on board the steamship Ville de Paris, bound for France. If he has started with the intentien of entering the French service he will find on his arrival that he is too late. The prospect now is that in a few days France will bg beyond the hope of recovering from her terrible reverses. Had M. Gambetta ac- cepted the services of General Beauregard two months ago we might havo been telling a different story of the progresy of the war. Now it is entjroly too late, ete The “Rovenue Retormers”—What They Ask and What They Fall to Ask—-The ‘ Rise of a Grest Party. There was something more than a dinner in the meeting of the free tradera at Del- monico’s on Monday evening. Mr. ‘Bryant represented the old free trade democratic party, and was probably impatient at the limitations imposed upon him by the younger followers, who strain at free trade—pure and simple—but yearn for what they call ‘“reve- nue reform.” With Mr. Bryant free trade is what the doctors would call a specific or a sure medicine. He has been debating its virtues, its restorative and health-giving qualities for fifty years, and now ‘ataids like Moses when he looked upon thé’ promised land which he was to see while others would eccupy. The young men from the. West are the true leaders. As Scott and Wool and Harney were crowded to one side by sturdier and more active generals like Grant and Sher- man and Sheridan in our civil war, se younger men, like White and Grosvenor, have taken the 0 Marshall, oi 4 Foe ht Slat Sc Ta Hl sand grore discussion is the absence of any recruits in the army of protection. Mr. White quaintly and truly expressed this weakness when he feasod his Ignorance of any knowledge of Mr. Greeley’s trinity of protective deities—Forward and Mallory and’ Snyder, When a cause must needs find its representatives in mon dead and buried a half century ago it is weak indeed. The trouble with Mr. Greeley is that, as a politician, he too frequently lives in the era of 1820, He became a protectionist when a boy up in one of the whig gounties of & Yankee State, and he has never changed hia mind, as, indeed, he has never changed his mind on any question. Failing to win new followers, nothing is left to the protec- tlonists but to invoke dead memorles and rake up the objects of adoration in the bones and ashes of the past. Who cares for Simon Snyder now? The old Pennsylvania Governor has gone to peace, and is probably by. this time an oxydized tron formation in some iron county of the Keystone State. Who cares for Henry Clay? We might as well seriously Napelees, Bazaige and Mexico. The special telegram from Wilhelmshihe Prussia’s Position Towards the Treaty ef Parle—North Germany Gaved from the War-Making Attitude. which we publish to-day was by crsuatnd By cable telegram from London, under | London, and thence through the Atlantic date of yesterday, we have a special report of | to New York. It supplies an important ox- the main peints of the Cabinet communication | hibit of present events as they sre developed which King William's government addressed | at the castle prison of Bonaparte, It also to the British Ministers, setting forth the posi- | recalls the past history of France at many of tion which Prussia holds towards the Treaty of | the vital epochs “which bave tended to his | Paria, ite alleged violations by Russia, and the | dethronement and exile. Eastern war question agitation generally. The Emperor continues to enjoy excellent The exbiblt is of great interest and import- | health. He rides out frequently, journeying in ance. It stands out as another and further | royalstyle in his carriage, with outriders, or attestation of the sagacions, far-seeing diplo- | 0 horseback. He is visited by his friends, macy of the Berlin statesmen. It also affords | former companions in arms and in the palace additional hope that peace may be main; | halls of the Tuileries. Eugénie's diplomacy is tained in Europe by the neutral mediation | still active, Pletri is at his post, We have, in- of Bismarck. In this note the Prussian | deed, an inkling of a coming change in the for- government calls the ‘attention of Eng- | tunes of the family, It may befor the better. land to the facts that the King’s envoy | King William bag had consultation with the in the Paris Conference of 1856 signed the | chief officers of Franco who are now pri- Treaty of Paris only, but that he, with the | soners to the Prussians, -Bazaine says that representative of Italy, declined to sign the the Prussian monarch wishes to know how additional articles of convention by which the | he can suppress the Parls canaille most 0) 7 eu of seeep reat paetre nore 2 sal i and effectually afte + of Mie ‘Tie Troops.” Marshal Bazaine treaty = cagus belli against the offending remains near to Napoleon, The Marshal Power. Prussia, under these circumstances, | 8°°8 company in'a quiet way. Our special regards the present orisis calmly. She can- | Writer enjoyed a soolal chat. with the gallant not percelve that the Czar threatens the in- | Oflcer a few days since, Buzaine talked on tegrlty or independence of Turkey. The Ros- | ® Variety of subjects, and we wust acknow- sian statesmen have declared that.the empire | ledge there. was a very ample supply of French docs not require addftional territory; they “dirty linen” hung out on the occasion. The have glvon up the idea of a Greek empire in Marshal blameg a lady—the wife of the late Constantinople, and they do not seek to found | Prince Salm-Salm—for having maligned a great naval arsenal on the shores of the | bis good name and fame in connec- Black Sea. Russia merely wants to enter the | tion with the Mexican expedition, He Black Sea as a neutral water, and—in entire | *leges that this lady was actuated by conformity with the idea expreased some days | Personal malice. She bad been slighted by since by the Huzatp—Prussia does not seo | Madame Bazaine’s family in Now York, and, why the Treaty of Paris cannot be revised so | having ‘‘a great opinion of her own good as to allow Russia a peacefal outlet eastward | Wallties,” aud, as “neglect indeed requires a by the neutralization of the Black Sea, | #aint to bear it,” the Marshal affirms that she Prussia hopes that European diplomacy will endeavored to take a woman's revenge with effect this; so do we. Prussia tenders her | that sharp instrument of feminine offence—her good offices for mediation; the Haraxp hopes | tongue. Against this Bazaiue pleads through most sincerely that they may be accepted, the columas of the Heratp. He tells of the Germany looks ahead ; the German peoplesare | °Pportunities which he enjoyed of becoming reaping the benefit. rich in Mexico; of bis disinterestedness un- ma der Maximilian. Then, again, we have facts The Conference and the Work Before It. | relative to the campaign around Metz, De- uote hig opinions on internal improvements, fhe war th Soe He oc deposits, as to regard him with patience on a question like revenue reform. These’ mon are the remnants of a palwozolc age, and we may say of them as Colerfage of the good knight— ‘Their swords are rust, Their bodies are dust, And their souls are now with Christ, we trust, In the famous comedy of ‘‘Rip Van Winkle,” the old man, with rheumatic joints and white flowing hair, and trembling limbs and rheumy eyes, stalks down among the villagers and seeks some familiar face. ‘Does anybody here know Dick Vedder or Jacob Stein?” “Why, they are dead twenty years.” And he goes on to ask, if they are dead who is he and why is healive? This is very much the position of Mr, Greeley as he wanders. through the Tribune from day to day asking if any- body has heard of Forward and Mallory and Snyder. The men and the times have changed. We have a new North and a new South. The business interests of the Northern States flood new channels, The South is in the hands of a@ new people. In other days the industrial people of the South had no interest in the de- velopment of the country. They were bought and sold at so much a head. They were simply ao much property, like so many oxen or horses | or sheep, With them life was only hog and hominy and molasses. Whether trade waa poor or thriving, whether crops were full or barren, whether there were railroads or canals or industries, was of no value. But now they live and think. The negro has an interest in every ounce of tes, every pound of sugar and tobacco. It repre- sents his own industry, and he must guard and hoard it if he would prosper, To the South, therefore, questions of taxation and impost and revenue are vital and immediate. In the West the people need cheap iron, lumber and coal. Next. to salt and alr fron is of more necessity to modern civilization, te the comfort and happiness of mankind, than any substance known in acience. The price of iron affects us as much as the price of wheat or corn, Cheap iron means cheapness in transportation, in household furniture, ia agriculture. Every new country needs cheap iron. One railway in Indiana and Kansas is of more valuo to the country—a larger con- tribution to its wealth and prosperity—than twenty iron mills in Pennsylvania. So a tax upon pig iron, while aiding a few ironmasters, is virtually « tax upon every bushel of wheat— upon the labor of every farmer in the West. The argument that the labor of the men who make the iron is protected—that without pro- tection the mill would stop and they starve—is absurd; for if they cannot puddle iron ore at small wages in unhealthy mills. they have only to go into the cheap western counties and tillthe ground. For this reason the revenue reformers, in demanding cheap iron, strike a chord to which the Western Territories and It may now, we suppose, be taken for | Spatches which pissed between Napoleon granted that there is not to be an Eastern | 24 Bazainc, hitherto unpublished, are war. On the Paris treaty question there is | siven in our special telegram. They go to not to be a fight between Great Britain and | Confirm the opinion which has been already Russia, The presumption is that Russia’ wil | ¢Xpressed in our columns, that Bonaparte had withdraw her “note; that a conference will be | 20 defined plan of action for the war, that his agreed to, and that on some new basis Europe armies were not well found in war material, will start afresh, the different nations keeping and that there was no identity of communica- the peace or not keeping the peace, abiding tion between the Emperor and his leading by the treaties or not abiding by the treaties, | Senerals from the very beginning. There as they may think most convenient. was plenty of petty complaint, of: wants, of Taking it for granted, as we do, that a con- requirements unfulfilled and demands unat- ference must be held, it is not an impertinent | tended to. A prescience of failare Sppears question, what will a conference do? Its first | #8 1+ were in every lino of the papers. Our duty will, of course, be the revision ef tho| special telegram will be read with attention ; Treaty of Paris. That this treaty, obnoxious | it illustrates history—is perhaps creating: it, from the first to Russia, will be in’ many important particulars modified, is no longer to be doubted. But other questions must find place.- If Russia is to have free course in the Black Sea, will it not be fair for Prussia to insist on little more useful seaboard? What good reason is there that Holland should remain out of the German Confederation? Inside the Confederation would, she not be stronger, richer, happier? The Grand Duke of Baden, the King of Wurtemberg, the King of Bavaria, by joining the confederation of the North gain perhaps more than they lose. Holland is not aouch leas German than is Bavaria. As Duke of Luxembourg the King of Holland is not without certain German affinities, Then, again, there is Denmark. Denmark is in the way of Germany. The Danes are not Germans ; but unless Denmark and Sweden can make some common arrangement Denmark is in great danger of being absorbed by her almost omnipotent neighbor. Tho Treaty of Prague, which seriously affects the future of Germany, must be considered by the London Conference. Great Britain has a big hunger which nothing but eastern pabulum can satisfy. If Great Britain makes concessions it may safely be relied upon as fact that she will demand favors. What she needs, and what she will do her very best to get, is Egypt. By her Indian empire she holds on and means to hold on. Egypt is the natural highway between the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean. | Tho great railroad and the now famous canal, which both cut the isthmus, thrive and prosper because of Brilish trade. Will it be wonder- ful if the London conference adds Egypt te the British empire? A Pitt, a Castlereagh, a Palmerston, would have seized his opportu- nity. It remains to be ‘seen whether the Gladstones and the Disraelis, the Granvilles and the Stanleys and the others are up to time. We fling ont these questions. must solve them. Wnritz Too Much CrEepENok must not be Careless Driving. In the case of the poor gentleman, a resident of Brooklyn, who was run over on Broadway and almost instantly killed by the tender of @ fire engine, the*verdict of the jury has exonerated everybody from blame, as is usual with coronors’ juries, who consider their duty a mere matter of form, which they are to get rid of a3 fast as possible, Nevertheless, it appears by the evidence in this case that the man was killed by the tender, although the driver and fireman declared that they were utterly unconscious of anybody being hurt by their. machine. An accidental spec- tator, however, swears that he. saw the man knocked down and run over by the wheel, and notified the driver of the cir- cumstance, but no notice was taken of it. The fact is that there is altogether too much recklessness in driving vehicles on Broadway, Life is not safe there during the busy hours of the day, notwithstanding the well-timed efforts of the police squad to get ladies over without being crushed to death, Atnight it is equally dangerons, as the death of this gentle- man proves. Some rule should he adopted by the authorities to regulate the rate of driying on our. principal thoroughfare. While the reckless mode of driving now in fashion con- tinues (here is really no safoty for any one who attempts to cross Broadway. ENGLAND Must “Bao Down” og Frant,— A Heratp special telegram which reached us from London at an early hour this morning states positively that England must either swal- low the Gortchakoff note on the Eastern ques- tion, and thus ‘back down” from her position, or fight.. The Queca’s Ministers are agitated and the Council d. The Russian note remains. It presents as a stern, solemn fact, almost realizing the spirit and consequences of the brief yet jubilant despatch of old Suwarrow to Catharine when he wrote, ‘Glory ' to God and the Empress, Ismail is ours,” Our telegram asserts that the British states- men of the Manchester and Liverpool schools are ready to put up with any international in- Time, not we, dignity sooner than go to war.’ This may be so, ‘These genilemen are excellently good calcnlators. ‘They have no doubt counted the States will respond. Another stropg point in this new platform placed in the statement of the London Zimea, that terms of peace have been arranged between Napoleon and King William, it ‘is quite likely to prove true, The Prussian authorities have, doubtless, ascertained the sentiments of the French soldiers now-held in Germany as prisoners of war, and if these be favorable to the Emperor Bismarck wou!d cer- tainly agree to the programme as given. Napoleon, it will be remembered, was always very popular with his soldiers, and we should not be surprised if he still retains their confi- dence to a sufficient extent for them to prefer him as ruler of France to either the republi- can leaders or the Orleans princes, Crime aNd Irs Penarty.—Tho records of the Court of General Sessions, which has just closed its present term, show how vigorously law can grapple with crime when it comes within the jurisdiction of the courts, The accounts of the closing session, which wo publish to-day, are replete with evidence that justice has been ably vindicated. - The penalty which properly awaits the commission of gross offences against the law and the peace of society has been meted out—without straining the quality of meroy—by the City Judge to notorious ruffians whose absence from the community for some years to come, while placed in the safe keeping of the State’ Prison officials, will not be regretted. The result of this term of the General Sessions is therefore @ matter of general satisfaction to the public. is the removal of the tax upon wool and lum- ber and coal. Why should wool be taxed? This article enters into the economy of our daily existence so absolutely that every penny put upon it is a tax upon every laboring man who wears a woollen coat or who buys his wife a woollen dress, Is it nét of more importance that the millions of poor laboring men should have cheap clothing than that we should have large herds of sheep, especially as in the pro- gress of national growth agriculture will protect its own sheep growth? The tax upon lumber is virtually an embargo upon our ehip- ping and a hindrance to the social develop- ment df our new civilization, Lumber is soant enough in many parts of America, If o farmer builds a house at the base of the Rocky Mountains he must bring his lumber Chicago. In that item alone transportation is a grievous tax, and when to this we add a protective impost we put upon the farmer heavy burden, America wants cheap lumber’ for the sea, just as she wants cheap iron the land. Our shipping is deady from the sheer inability of our capitalists to build shi in competition with the builders on the © While conceding these salutary rofl these revenue reformers halt. Now, true nue reform should go deeper into this tion of removing taxes. We look through the speeches of the eloquent at Delmonigo’s to fod any sugges } cost and are satisfied about the consequences, Another Redan might revolutionize the nation, and Manchester itself is not exactly ready for rovolution, with communism in the distance. Britain is likely, therefore, to swallow the note and go into a congress, if her subsequent fit of indigestion will allow her. INTERRUPTION or CABLE TELEGRAPRIO CoMMUNIOATION wit Evropk.—The two eld- est of the Atlantic cables ‘have suddenly ceased to work, aud our comzaunication with Europe is now limited to the line last laid, known as the French Cable. Curiously enough, the latter operates freely in one direction only—viz., from east to west, which is rather fortunate just now in view of the Importance of events in Europe. Mr. Cyrus Field gives notice to the public that for the reasons just enumerated messages for Europe will be refrsed uatil a restoration of better facilities fur their transmission, Repairings vessels have started to the supposed point of interruption, and due notice will be given of the resumption of electrical communication. Oxy Kine Winriam is, as usnal, prompt with his report of the victory won by Prince Frederick Charles over De Paladines, Al- though he does'nt return thanks to Providence for this suooess, we may rely upon (he accu- raoy of his despate),