The New York Herald Newspaper, November 16, 1870, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16. 1870.~TRIPLE SHEET. Opportuaity for tie Uniied States. NEW YORK HERALD Russia and the Treaty of Parts—tireat BROADW. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROVRIETOR, GRAND OPERA HOUS: ner of 8th av. and 23d at,— Les BrigaNnns, OLYMPIC THEATRE, Wee Woe Winer. Tur PANTOMIND OF jatinee at 2, WOOD'S MUSEUM Broa ener Bh st,—Perferm- ances every ailerueou and BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Tat Fan Wes1—Toxs Gauuny Suave FIFTH AVENUES THEATRE, Twenty-fourty st.—-MaNn anp Wire. BOOTH’S THEATRE, Y3u st,, vetwoen Sib ana 6th ars.— Bir VAN WINKLE, FOURTHENTH STRERT THEATRE (Theatre Francals)— ADBIBSNE LECOUVRIER. GLOBE THEATR®, 7% Proadway.—Varic’ 5 RAINWENT, 40. Matinee at 2h a WALLACK'S THEATRE, Broad ay Pn as E, Broadway and 13th stroet.. NIBLO’S GARDEN, Bro, — $ Mote ere: Tu® RAPPAgeR; OR, LINA EDWIN'S: Tumar 20 Bi BIL = ROMERO JAFFIER JEN KING. readway.—BILLIARDS. WEW YORK STADT THEATRE, 46 Bowery.—Granp Guamaw Orgga—La Juive. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSY, 201 Bowery.—Va- BIBTY ENTERVAINMENT. Matinee at 24. THEATRE COMIQ™! IsM, NEGKO Acts, & tway.—Cemro Vooar- i. KELLY & LEON'S MINSTRELS, °. ies Tus Oviy Leon—La Rosr pe Sr. pep tendons: LOUR, £0. BAN FRANCISCO MINSTREL AALL, 685 uway.— NeOno Minowubter, Fauoesy Uue-rguee, ten HOOLEY'S OPERA MO STBRLSY, BURLESQUES, A » Brooklyn.—Nruno Mr. BROOKLYN OPERA HOUSE——Waom, Waire's Minstexe. anem. peeere 1m NEW YORK CIRCUS, Fourteenth stroet.—; um Rina, Acronats, £0. ‘Matinee at 24. sponta NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, readway.— BOIRNOE AND Arr. ONE Sa neneware DR. KAHN’S ANATOMICAL) = bE, KAHN ANs CAL MUSEUM, 745 Broadway. New York, Wednesday, November 16, 1870. “SHEET. CONTENTS OF To-! sere iS -Adver'isements, 2—Advertisements, 3-France: Herald Spectal Report from the Head- quarters of the King; The Sittation in Paris; General Trochu Expected to Make a Formida- ble Sortie; Moltke’s Plan to Entrap the Army WS HERALD. Tt is now no longer doubtful that Russia does mean to make somo use of the oppor- tunity which the present war in Europe offers her. It is true there is not much definite data on which to work; but there is not, on the other hand, any lack of ramor. Russia denies that she is making any preparations for war or that she has any immediate pur- poses to serve, But, while Russia assumes this attitude, from some canse or other Europe has taken fright; and Great Britain, not to speak of Austria and Italy, has for- gotton the war between France and Germany in contemplating the great Colossus of the North and of the Hast, in the Black Sea, in the Dardanelles and ia the Mediterranean. Whether it be true that Russia bas taken any active steps to make an end of the treaty of Paris, or whether {t be teuo that M, Odo Russell has gone to the Prussian head- quarters at Versailles to announce that Great Britain and Austria and Italy have de- cided that if Russla makes any such claim war must be the result, we have no atrongor ovi- dence than that which comes across the cable. This, at least, is not to be devied—dangerous rumors are in the air. Tf it should turn ont that Russia is deter- mined to make good use of her opportunity who will blame her? The treaty of Paris, as we said some time ago in these columns, was forced upon her. She was beat down by a powerful but, as she thinks, iniquitous alli- ance. Great Britain alone could not have taken Sebastopol; France alone could not have taken Sebastopol; but Great Britain and France combined, uot without the help of Aus- tria and Sardinia, managed to destroy one grand naval fortress and bay pence by in- ducing Russia to withdraw her war ships from the Black Sea, Turkey was, of course, placed on the same footing. So, indeed, were all the Powers. The Black Sea did not cease to be a portion of the highway of commerce. The treaty of Paris only said that the war ships of all nations must henceforth be excluded. But Russia asks herself the question to-day why she should abide by an treaty forced upon her by an alliance which no longer exists. The treaty of Paris has been trampled upon by both Prussia and France in this war. But if this were not the fact Russia might still say the situation is so changed that the treaty is no longer binding. In this connection it deserves to be noted that oi ins to daly Yon. der Tap: Charles on Se eh to Joiy Yon der Taynn: Importance of ia Captus of Belfo { ef thi pera ‘The Feeling in Switzerland, Belgtum and Austria; Possibility of the’ Restoration of Napoleon— The Friends of France—The World's High- Way; The Isthmus of hore me as a New one of the greatest Powers of the world was by the treaty of Paris wantonly insulted. The United States of America, which had taken no part in the atruggle, were compelled to submit Route of Commerce—Awtful Child Murder, An infant Killed by its Insane Mother in West ‘wenty-sixth street, eke Napoleon’s Correspondence ; Histor; of the French Empire in Its Decay to the Vall, The Princess Louise and the Marquis of Lorne—The Tribunes at War: The Demora- ization of the Republican Party—Brooklyn City News—The Rate of Taxation In Ktug's County—A Convict Made Happy—Naval and Army Intelligence—Exploit of a Convict—The Gallows: Execution of Two Negro Mur- derers in South Carolina; Horrible Scene at the Scaffola—The Actors’ Frolic—The Coming Eclipse — Dartmouth College Alumni — An Erring Girl's Wiltulness, 6—Garroting: Its Increase and Punishment—The Freaks of Love—Leciure at Cooper Inatitute on “Ireland As It 1s and Was"—The African Slave Trade—Asia—The Yote of Hudson |. J.—The Reading Rooms tn Brook- lyn—Boss Tweed's Epigram—The Westchester Supervisors—Caging Newark Roughs—A Mys- tery Explained—The Public Health—A strik- ers’ Kiot: Bloody Attack on a Belt Railroad Car—The Wild White Man of Kansas—A Pnb- Uc Avenger—The Government Rebuked—New News—Sunday Horse Cars for Orange, N. J.—An Aicohol Killing Case—New England’s Ascendancy—The Wages ol famy : Revolting Depravity tn Jersev Uity— Poughkeepsie’s Maiden Miser—Almost a Cen- tenarian, G—Editorials: Leading Article, “Russia and the Treaty of Paris—Great Opportunity for the United States"—Amusement Announcements, Y=—Editorial (continued from sixth page)—Tele- raphic News from All Partsof the Worll— jovernor Hoffman : The Governor on the Re- cent Democratic Victories—Amusements— Personal Intelligence—A Floating French Arsenal—Business Notices. a i S—Proceedings in the Courts—The New York Cen- sus—Real Estate Matters—A Dreadful bream — Financial and Commercial Reports—a Doubt- ful Wonder. Q—Horrible Murder in Rochester—Forging a@ ‘Will—A Curious Family Dispute about Bonds— Court of Appeals Calendar—Marriages and Deaths—Advertisements, L0—News from Washington—Senator Trumbull: Interview with the I!}inots Senator—Obituary— Shipping Intelligence— Advertisements, Advertisements, Q—Advertisements, In- Twompty DergaTep for the Legislature! That is bad for Twombly; but how much good will his defeat do Tammany ? A GarrotTer was sentenced by Judge Bed- ford yesterday to fifteen years’ imprisonment. On hearing bis sentence, with gallows bravado, the rnffian said, ‘Thank you, Judge,” and the commonity at large will heartily join him in the remark. Tue Catoaco Tribune (republican organ) settling their own affairs at Versailles, in | oy 1956, Observe the course of our foreign animadverts sharply upon party reorganiza- tion. What else could have been expected, when the editor of that paper was thwarted in his aspirations for Congressional honors? SwrrzeeLaNn’s NgvTRALITY is now reported | naval strength of Great Britain and Turkey | 1858. to be compromised. Does this mean that Bis- marck entertains an idea of recevering the cantons which Germany was compelled to | States have suffered » common wrong with of the Crimean war) it was fourteen million cede to the Swiss in 1848? It must not be | Russia, as thousands upon thousands of our | dollars in our favor—that is, we were forty forgotten that the peeple of these cantons are of German origin, and more Teutonic in their manners, custom and language than the in- habitants of either Alsace or Lorraine. Tax Case oF THE CoLorED Caper Smits, who was court martialled for whipping a schoolmate and for impertinence to a corporal, has been ended. The court martial found Smith guilty of the first charge and specifica- tion, and sentenced him to walk post from two o’clock until retreat, under charge of a guard, for six consecutive Saturdays, but the Secre- tary of War, thinking the sentence inadequate to the offence, has disapproved it and ordered the release of the cadet prisoner. M. Tarers has his say regarding the recent armistice negotiations with Bismarck. He claimed the revictualling of Paris for at least the time the armistice might be pending, as he held that otherwise starvation would go on, and at the close of the armistice the Prus- sians would have advanced by so much in the prosecution of the war andthe French would have retrograded. In other words | World, so Russia is bound to rule the Old, As | ported from Newberry, 8. 0., where two negro Prussia would continue the war by starving Paris, and France alone be debarred from striking 9 blow in return. All this is clear enough and so is Count Bismarck’s statement on the other side; but the statements of both are of little importance now except as they show that Paris is in dread of starvation and that Prussia looks to it as her most effective | 7'rébwne and the Chicage 7’ridune—par nobiles | were dropped once more, with 9 more satis- weapon, to the terms of a treaty in the formation and | commercial point of view, of the terrific arrangement of which they were never con- sulted. It was well eneugh to compel Russia | aniance between England, France, Austria, to keep her war ships in port; it was well Turkey and Italy, against Prussia and Russia, enough to compel Turkey to keep her war ships south of the Golden Horn; it was well en ough also for France and England to make ® little apparent sacrifice in order to magn ify the grandeur of their triumph ; but the closing of the Black Sea against the war ships of the young republic of the West was regarded at the time, as we have already shown, as a wanton insult; and to-day the United States feel, with Russia, that those obnoxious clausos of the treaty of Paris ought to be expunged. If Russia insists upon the modification of this treaty, if she is plueky enough—as we believe she is—te make war on the issue, who is to oppose her? England, of course ; Austria per- haps, and mayhap Italy. But what does Rus- sia care for Austria? Austria has already far too much on hand. The empire already trem- bles in the balance. It struggles for oxistence. The success of the German armies in France has allenated what has hitherto been reck- oned the most reliable section of her popula- tion. The other sections of theempire hang so loosely together and gravitate so weakly around Hungary as a possible contre of the future that Austria is positively powerless for foreign war. Even if she could count on what still nominally remains to her the finances of the empire emphatically forbid any out- side undertakings, Austria may thus be counted out, And what is the condition of Italy? Ultimately, no doubt, more hopeful : but immediately quite as desperate as that of Austria. Italy has the Pope on her hands, and that is quite enough, As there is no other European Power whieh can be thought of in the premises Great Britain would alone have to fight Russia if Russia undertook to float her war ships through the Bes- phorus, While France and Germany were Paris or at Berlin, Russia and Great Britain would meet face to face in the Dardanelles, at Constantinople or in the Black Sea. In such a case Turkey would fight well and Russia might find it difficult to resist the combined, all the land forces being on the side of the allies, If we in these United people think we have, why cannot we adjust the balance, help our generous friend and ally and take our revenge? Is it not in our power to say to Great Britain ‘(Hold off?” So far as Turkey is concerned, the time seems to have come when she ought to retire from Europe. Her presence in Europe is a perpetual insult to Western and Christian civilization, She is maiatained on this side the Bosphorus not because Europe loses her, but because jealous and avaricious Britain cannot see her place filled by another. Let Russia seize her opportunity and let General Grant seize his. If he would settle the Alabama claims, do justice to the country he represents, save his party, make his re-election sure, he cannot do a wiser thing than advise Russia to move southward and send her the needed encour- agement by ordering some of the United States war ships into the Black Soa. Russia and America long to shake hands; they may aswell shake hands at the Golden Horn as across the Pacific. As we now rule the New we muat be friends, let us be friends at once. It is good to be on hand and in time. We have had a great deal too much of diplematic palaver, What we want now is action, Let us have it at once, Tue Trrunes at War.—The New York fratrum lo tho radical ranks as well ag in name—are at loggerheads about the canses that eventuated in the republican defeat in this State. ‘The Chicago paper has rather the best of our home contemporary, but as both have Congressional disappointments rankling in their bosoms the republicans when massed may govern themselves accordingly, The War Situation—A Trap for the Army of the Loire, General Von Moltke is said to have per- fected another trap, by which he proposes this time to capture General Paladines and the army of the Loire. General Von der Tann withdraws cautiously before tho army now stationed about Orleans, and Paladines, elated by his successes, follows confidently. In the meantime Prince Frederick Charles, with one hundred thousand men, moves southward from Chitlons to Troyes, apparently with the intention of continuing the general move- ment against Lyons, but suddenly his advance appears at Sens, a city of some importance on the River Yonne, about sixty miles from Orleans. Thence he can march in less than five days to Orleans and compel a change of front on the part of the Army of the Loire, a retreat ora battle, in which the German troops, thus heavily rein- forced, would overwhelm thoir adversary and drive him back upon Tours. The situation of Paladiaes, it will thus be seen, is some- thing like that of Lee when Sherman came striding across Georgia to the sea, although it is not nearly so desperate. Paladines can, at least, fall back and fortify without any immediate prospect of a close siege, and he can also move forward rapidly, strike his enemy vigorously and defeat him before Prince Frederick Charles can reach him; but this requires veteran experience on the part of his soldiers and full confidence in them, Even then it is dan- gerous, The starvation process is evidently having its effect inside Paris, A deserter states that the poor are suffering dreadfully and that another outbreak is imminent at any moment. The previous riets were put down by the stern hand of the military, the utmost severity being used, and the people's dread of the soldiery is all that restrains them now from a most bloody uprising. A General European War and Its Results Upen Our Commerce. Io view of a probable embroilment of all Europe in a war to arise out of the complica- tions connected with the present war and the strategic movements and ambition of Russia in the East important considerations are in- volved with reference to the result to us, in a struggle which would ensue. With a grand itis not difficult to see that the war would destroy the enterprises of the Old World and drive every European vessel from the sea. We should thus fall in for the carrying trade of the whole world, and, as a neutral nation, would have unrestricted com- merce with every country included in the bel- ligerent Powers. Terrible as might be the consequences to the people of Europe, such a dire conflict would render our country pros- perous to the highest degree. The farmer, the mechanic, the operative, the miner, the sailor, would all find lucrative employ- ment, It is a curious fact that the Cri- mean war was the first influence which ever seriously turned the balance of trade in our favor. On a few occasions—viz., in 1813, when our war with England prevented im- ports; in 1821, in 1823, and in a few other years between 1790 and 1850—our exports were larger than our imports, but the balance in our favor was trifling, while in the great majority of years our Imports were enormously in excess of our exports. On the outbreak of the Crimean war our foreign trade turned in our favor, and the impetus so given to our industries enabled us to keep the upper hand for several years after the treaty of Paris had been signed and peace proclaimed, the prostrated enterprises of England and France taking many years to recover. In fact it was not until we had become rich and luxurious, in the epoch pre- ceding our civil war, that we lost the supre- macy in our foreign trade. To be more explicit we give a comparative table of our exports and imports during the period from 1854 to 1858, which includes the time of the Crimean campaign. The war commenced in the fall of 1854 and terminated in the spring trade :— Fiscal Year Ending June Imports. Exports. 1854. $304,562,381 $278, 241,064 1855, 261,468,520 275,156,846 1856. 814,639, 942 326,964,908 360, 890, 141 282,613,150 In 1854 the balance of trade was twenty-six million do'lars against us; in 1855 (the middle million dollars better off. In 1858 the impetus given our enterprise was such that we sold forty-two million dollars more than we bought. In 1855 the field of the war was limited to a small area on the Black Sea, The impending war is likely to spread over the whole of Europe. In 1855 England, France, Russia and Turkey were the belligerents. The pre- sent Franco-Prussian war is likely to include every nation in Europe. Governor HorrMan delivered the usual post election speech to his serenading ad- mirers in Albany last evening. He madea very strong arraignment of the administration for its interference in the elections, but ad- mitted frankly that the election was a very fair one, Evéry one agrees upon that point, and the republicans themselves are debarred from making the usual plea of fraud and ua- fairness, Governor Hoffman claims that with aunited democracy in this city his majority here would have been 75,000. AyotoeR Horripirz Hanaine Soxne is re- men were hanged a few daysago. The crowd, as usual at scenes of this sort in the county towns down South, was thick about the scaf- fold. The drop fell and both ropes broke, letting the choking criminals heavily to the ground, where they writhedin agony, They were mado to walk up again, however, and factory result, America’s Hight in the Black Sea~Tlew to Enforce Them. The formal repudiation by Russia of the humiliating obligations imposed by the treaty of 1856, which not only limited her naval force in the Black Sea to a petty squadron, but barred the approaches to the sea itself to her men-of-wur, is a new source of danger to the peace of Europe. Russia will now insist upon the exercise of a right that has been held in abeyance since the Crimean war, and we shall doubtless soon hear of the presence of ker Mediterranean squadron off Consiantiaople, pushing its way into the waters of the Black Sea, Such an apparition would surely be regarded as a clear casus belli by the signing Powers to that famous treaty which guaran- teed its enforcement. But who will take up the gauntlet? Prussia is in no condition to intorpose force to Russia’s action, as the small German fleet is shut up in Kiel and Wilhelmshaven, too weak to break out and encounter the hos- tile French squadrons, Austria is disinclined to imperil her naval laurels gained at Lissa, and Italy has no wish to undertake a war against the mighty Power of the North. It is quite certain that France has her hands full already, and will not despatch a single ship to protect the Sultan. England alone may aid Turkey by her powerful navy, providing, always, that it is not held in check by the presence of complications with the United States arising out of the unsettled Alabama claims. That this contingency is apprehended may be seen in the renewed efforts of the British government to resume the discussion of the Alabama ques- tion, Until that is settled the United States always have a good and sufficient ground for war against England. We do not anticipate an early declaration of hostilities, but we believe that General Grant is taking the right steps in placing our navy on a strong footing.’ The country will heartily endorse him in his policy of reinforcing our European squadron, It is eminently fit and proper that our naval force shall be strong enough in European waters not only to afford protection to American interests in Europe, but to lend moral support to any movement having for ils object the final vindication of the right of all nations te the free navigation of thehighseas. The United States have pro- tested against the stringent regulations of the treaty of 1856, excluding our men-of-war from the navigation of the Dardanelles and the waters of the Black Sea. Its policy has never changed. Tribute was refused to the Algerine beya in the early days of our national exis- tence, and our little navy, after many severe combats, vindicated the justness of our posi- tion. We declined to pay Sound dues claimed by Denmark, and the system was abolished. We now assert our right to pass into the Black Sea, and the claim must be allowed. The present is an auspicious time to settle the question. Our navy can at once be placed on a war footing. Already we have in European waters a squadron consisting of the frigate Franklin, 39 guns; the sloops-of-war Brook- lyn, 20 guns; Richmond, 15; Juniata, 8; Plymouth, 12; Shenandoah, 11, and the gun- boat Saco, 3 guns, making a total of seven ships, carrying 108 guns. The frigate Guer- riere, 21 guns, is under orders to that squad- ron, In three months the following ships could be sent into the Mediterranean :—The corvettes Albany, 15 guns; California, 21; Cauandaigua, 10; Hartford (sloop-of-war), 18; Iowa, 28; Iroquois, 6; frigates Minne- sota, 46, and Wabash, 46; corvettes Monongahela, 10; Nevada, 23; Omaha, 12; Nipsic, 3; Narraganset, 5; Paw- nee, 13; Powhatan, frigate, 17; Ten- nessee, 23; Ticenderoga, 10; Wachusett, 6; Worcester, 16, and Wyoming, 6 guns; besides four powerful iron-clads, the deuble-turreted monitors Amphitrite, Miantonomoh and Terror, each carrying four fifteen-inch guns, and the Dictator two fifteen-inch guns. We have in the North Atlantic squadron, now at sea, the Congress, 16; Nantasket, 7; Severn, 15; Tus- carora, 10; Swatara, 7; Yantic, 3, carrying in all 58 guns, not including the Dictator and Terror, iron-clads. Thus It will be seen that Admiral Porter could collect in the Mediter- ranean before spring a fleet of thirty-two sail, supported by four iron-clads, and carrying 451 guas of heavy. calibre, and leaving a powerful squadron of wooden ships and iron-clads for the protection of our coast. Such a force, under a resolute commander like Porter, would vindicate our rights in the East far better than a thousand diplomatic notes or Cengressional resolutions. Let Porter fly his broad pennant in the van of a splendid fleet, and the gates of the Dardanelles will open and remain open to our flag, while the moral effect of the display will deter England from engaging offensively against Ruasia’s efforts to free herself from the humiliating and unjust obligations of the treaty of 1856, Prin of FRrEDERIOK CHARLES’ ARMY.—From London and Tours the despatches agree in reporting that the German army commanded by Prince Frederick Charles has arrived at Sens, on ils way te reinforce General Von der Tann. Sens is situated in the department of Yonne, about seventy miles from Paris and some sixty-five miles from the French position at Arthenay. It will thus be seen that unless the French army under General De Paladines strikes Von der Tann quickly it will ran the risk of being crushed by the superior numbers of the Germans, Prince Frederick Charles’ forces alone, it is said, aggregate one hundred thousand men. From the line of march it would appear as if the Germans were moving on the right flank of the Army of the Loire, Tne New Parry.—Senator Trumbull, in a conversation yesterday with our Washington correspondent, sets at rest the report going about the country that he was about organ- izing a new party. He says he proposes nothing of the sort. He thinks President Grant goes along very evenly in hia duties, paying off the debt steadily, and he thinks that is the best thing the party can do at present, Tue TargateNngp INvNDATION about Lille and Dunkirk brings up a new and originial question of neutrality. Belgium will suffer seriously from the inundation, and the ques- tion is whether France will be violating the neutrality of Belgium any the less by invad- ing her soil with water than by invading it with troops, English and American Newspaper Press. The present war in Europe has shown in a remarkable manner the enterprise of the newspaper press, both of England and America, and shows by comparison which is the most enterprising. The superior enter- prise of the American press is acknowledged even in Europe; but the English newspapers, and especially the leading London papers, are protty well up to the wants of the public for full and late news. The thrilling and rapidly succeeding incidents and movements in all great wars at the present day keep the public mind on the stretch, waich looks with avidity to the daily press for the latest and fullest information. Proprietors and editors understand this and rival one another in their efforts to get news. This is the secret of the wonderful development and magnitude of the enterprise of modern journalism. Of course the race is to the swiftest and the battle to the strongest in this as in other things. In other words, the newspaper that shows the greatest foresight and energy and is in a position to gpend the most money for getting news must be first and most popular in public estimation, We remarked that the superior enterprise of the American newspaper press was acknowledged even in Europe. Indeed, the press of the Old World is astonished at the lavish expenditure of money and activity of the press on this side the Atlantic in collecting news. The Heraup has paid out over one hundred and ten thousand dollars for European correspondence and cable despatches since the commencement of the present war. Our contemporaries of this city must have ex- pended a large sum also, though only thoso with means and business enough to admit of The large expenditures can bear such a continued strain upon their resources. The telegraph is the most important agent of the newspapers, but it is an expensive one. Sometimes wo have special cable despatches from- Europe covering a whole page of the Heap or more, and this was so with one single despatch the other day—that reporting the interview of our correspondent with Napoleon. These cost in a single day many thousands of dollars. And while we can, without boasting, speak of our own unparalleled outlay in collecting news, we give credit to our contemporaries of this city and of the American press generally for their enterprise. The war in the Crimea first began to de- velop this extraordinary agency of the press in such eventful times, and the chief English newspaper took the lead on that occasion. But during our war we went beyond the Eng- lish in giving the earliest news and most copious details of army operations and the general situation. In the Abyssinian war we beat the English on their own ground, and both the British government and press acknowledged their indebtedness to the Heratp for the most important news of the war, In the war in Italy and the Austro- Prussian war which ended at Sadowa the American press maintained its supremacy. The existing war in Europe has shown a still further development of such enterprise, Though the European press has caught the spirit from us, and is following to some extent our example, we still keep in advance. The managers of even the leading London journals would be rather appalled if called upon to. pay the large sums for news which we expend. But our reward is found in the appreciation of a discerning public. The great and most useful institution of modern times is the inde- pendent press, particularly in this free, mighty and progressive republic. In this, as in many other things, America is the pioneer of pro- gress among the nations of the world. Strikes on Our City Railroads. Scarcely a month passes over without the car drivers on some of the many street railroads having a strike. Often these strikes last for days, occasionally for weeks, causing consider- able trouble and ineonvenience to persons who use that particular line on which the strike occurs as a means of transfer from one part of the city to another. The cause of these strikes has not yet been very satisfactorily set- tled. The car drivers have their story to tell as well as the officers of the company. One party has a complaint of unjust treatment and the other of arbitrary dictation. These state- ments or charges are made upon the most reliable aathority on both sides, Bethe mat- ter as it may, the public are interested in these troubles to some extent, and it would be well te know at whose door to lay the blame for the inconvenience the citizens are compelled to bear during the existence of these disturbances. The Belt Railroad drivers have now been on strike for some days, When the trouble will be ended we cannot say, but the sooner the better. In view of the disturbance which took place yesterday it is not very consoling to any one accustomed to travel by that line to know that, altheugh the driver is guarded by a brace of policemen, a passenger’s head stands in danger of coming in contact with a paving stone intended for the driver; and then the uncertainty of reaching the proper destination is another consideration not to be overlooked, So long as the drivers are eompelled to work the long hours they do at present—numbering, ia many instances, sixteen hours out of the twenty-four—we are inclined to think that there will be no abatement of these nuisances of strikes on our oity railroads. A Crosz Vors in the Legislature is the best thing for the democracy. We understand that Assemblyman Thomas C. Fields takes himself out of the way for the Speakership, leaving that position to the late incumbent, Mr. Speaker Hitchman, Mr. Fields is in the field for State Senator, from the Eighth diatrict, in 1871, and bis almost unanimous vote for re-election to the Assembly from the Nine- teenth district this year is a guarantee that he will be the successful candidate for the upper braneh of the Legislature next year. Rear Esratg Sates.—An important sale of real estate property at Washington Heights takes place to-day, to be followed to-morrow by a sale of upwards of a hundred building lots in the neighborhood of Central Park. The high prices which uptown property has been realizing at recent sales go to show how strong and prevalent is the belief among our business men and speculators of the rapid extension of the city northward and tha great value which real estate in that direstion will acquire ip the immediate future, ————aa The McGarrahan Case—A Tempest Teapot The enemies of the administration, as well inside as outside of the republican party, but especially those inside of it, have been making most malicious efforts to defame President Grant in connection with the now celebrated McGarrahban case, There never was a more miserable pretext for abusing a public officer. President Grant acted in that matter within the exact line of his duty. The question was one of which the House of Representatives had assumed jurisdiction, and when the Pre- sident learned that Secretary Cox designed deciding it on his own responsibility, regard- less of Congress or of the courts, he simply warned him not to Interforo with it, but to leave the matter where it was—in the hands of the House of Representatives and its Judiciary Committee, The case itself is a remarkable ono, twenty years ago and more McGarrahan, thea a merchant in San Francisco, purchased a claim which one Gomez, a Mexican, had to a three league tract of wild land in California. This claim had been presented to and rejected by the United States Commissioners who were appointed to examine and adjudicate private land claims in that State. It was rejected not because of any apparent dofect in the grant itself, but because of want of occupancy. Subsequently, in the famous Fremont oase, the decision was made by the Supreme Court that want of occupancy was no bar in law to the efficacy of a Mexican grant, Thereupon Gomez's case was presented to the United States District Court in California, the decision of the Commissioners was reversed and the right of the claimant decreed. In that stage of the case McGarrahan became the purchaser of the claim, paying for it a price equivalent to its apparent value, for the land embraced in the grant wag of little worth for agricultural or pastoral pur- poses, and no minerals had then been discov- ered on it. But very soon afterwards, and before McGarrahan could have it surveyed and patented, it was found to contain rich and extensive deposits of cinnabar. The miners who made the discovery squatted upon the land, and a quicksilver mining company, now known as the New Idria Company, waa formed, which took possession of and now works these mines, which are not very inferior in value to the New Almaden quicksilver mines. Under the general mining law passed by Congress a few years ago each miner hag @ pre-emption right to a certain space of mineral land; and the members and employés of the New Idria Company, each claiming the space allowed, cover with their pre-emption claims the whole mineral bearing surface of McGarrahan’s grant. ‘As the law allowed to the governmont or to a claimant a term of five. years to take an appeal from the decisien of the District Court to the Supreme Court of the United States the decree granting the patent to. McGarrahan was appealed from, and some most remark- able proceedings took place, involving the integrity of judges, district attorneys, clerks of courts, attorney generals and other persons high in office, and in the course of which it appeared pretty con- clusively that Gomez’s pretended grant was a fraud, that the papers in support of it were forged and the evidence sustaining it was per- jary. The Supreme Court therefore decided against McGarrahan, and he, asserting that the Supreme Court had no legal jurisdiction of the matter because of the expiration of the time when the appeal should have been taken, appealed to Congress for relief, and his peti- - tion was referred to the Judiciary Committee in the House of Representatives, That com- mittee heard most elaborate arguments on the subject last session, but has. not yet made any final report or been discharged from its con- sideration. This is the condition of the case at the pre- sent moment, and was last August, when Secretary Cox proposed to cut the Gordian legal knot by issuing a patent for the property to the New Idria Company. It was that act of usurpation which the President prohibited the Secretary of the Interior from commit- ting, and hence all this tempest in a teapot. Asto the claim to the Panoche Grande rancho— the title by which it is known in the proceed- ings—it is pretty clear that neither McGarra- han nor the New Idria Mining Company has any legal right to it, the original grant in the one case being a forgery, and in the other case miners having no right to squat on lands cov- ered by a claim, The equity of the case, how- ever, is with McGarrahan; for he bought in good faith a claim adjudicated on and passed by the United States District Court after all proper formalities, The property really belongs to the government of the United States; and the proper disposition to make of the whole matter is for the government to oust all the claimants and take possession of the land, to dispose of it afterwards as may be deemed best. Srmt Anorngr Sgiy-Conrzssep NATHAN MURDERBR appears onthe scene, This time the anxious candidate for a few days’ noto- riety, even at the risk of premature eternity, makes his bow to the Sheriff in Boston, wha conscientiously and kindly locks him up. We have become perfectly incredulous about these conscience-stricken fellows. We shall not believe any man who claims to be the mur- derer of Nathan until he clears up the mystery of that case so succinctly and fully that he cannot escape the hangman’s rope immediately after, no matter how many new stories he may make affidavit to or how large an amount of oraziness he mag claim to possess, Jursey City has produced the latest and most terrible horror. A den for the abduc- tion of young girls and their sale to the pro- curesses in New York city has been discovered. The woman who carried it on, her husband and two of the young girla who were her vice tims, are in the hands of the police. pRERESL SNE Se AEE Usirep States SENATOR FROM Massa- OnUSETTS.—The Boston Traveller states that, while the recent election in that State “has asgured the eleotien of a republican Senator to, the Congress of the United States, itis not yet quite certain who is to be the man, ft has been supposed that Senator Wilson would have no fermidable republican rival for that position, and the Legislature was elected with that opinion prevalent in the minds of the voters: but.” gontinues the, Traveler, “it in Some .