The New York Herald Newspaper, November 16, 1870, Page 3

etait ee RANCE. Heraid Special Report from the Head- quarters of the King. THE SITUATION IN PARIS. General Trochu Expected to Make £ ‘ a Formidable Sortie. ry FRENCH DESERTER'S STORY. Moltke’s Plan to Entrap the Army of the Loire. Prince Frederick Charles, mm the March to ~~ Join Vou der Tana, AFFAIRS A ROUEN. Nmportance of the Capture of Belfort to the Germans, of the Restoration of TTapoleon. PARIS. Possibility TELEGRAMS TO THE NEW YO2K HERALD, Special Report from King Willinm’s Camp— Wintry Wenther and Gleom—What is Ex- pected from Parie—A BDesertcr from the Otty—His Narrative of the Internal Situa- tion—Strategy on the Loire—The French Successes aud Molthe’s Plan—A Cabinet Cowrier from Russia. ° LONnoN, Nov. 15, 1870, ‘The special correspondent of the HERALD on duty at the Prussian royal headquarters reports by telegraph as follows, under date of the 10th Anstant:— ARMY HEADQUARTERS, VERSAILLES, Nov. 10, 1870, } The morning opened with a very wintry aspect, indeed, Snow, mingled witn rain, at intervals was falling fast. The weather was so dark that I wag obliged to write by candle light at noon. Paris will scarcely dare to make a sortie on the Prussians to-day. The garrison contents itscif with Mring epitefully through @ dense fog. As I write my despatch Ican hear the roar of the cannon of Valréion, Ixy and Montrouge. NEW? FROM ORLUANS. We have rumors here in the Prussian camp ot severe Sighting having taken place at Orleans. The French troops at that point are said to be in such foree that a sirong body of German soldiers 19 being marched off to support General Van der Tann if mecessary. ‘Chetr places here will be filled by the reiplorcements which have arrived within the last three days. A SEVERE SORTIE EXPROTED. It is quite certain from indications which are ob- nervabie to the Prussian officers in the royal camp, as well as {rom reports which have been received from French deserters here, that Parts is preparing to make a sortie on & very large scale against the Germans at an early movement, I am prepared to predict that this movement will take place about the 18th or 20th inst,, and that it will be ina directicn south of Paris. The German leaders are accurately advised as to its possibinty, and preparations to resist the attack are being pushed forward vigorously by the Prussian otficers aud soldiers. THE SITUATION IN PARIS. During yesterday I enjoyed an opportunity of talking with a French mobile, who deserted last ‘Thursday from Paris, and got into the Prussian lines on the Tuesday following. He was almost dead from exhaustion when he arrived, having wandered through the wouds for two days vefore, ‘This French soldier stated that the poor are now suffering terribly, both from hunger and cold, in Paris, A great number of destitute persons had come in from the surrounding country. They were dependent entirely on the charity of the others for food. ‘There was a great mortality among the younger children, He had not tasted food himself for fonr days be- fore he deserted, with the exception of -three sepa- rate rations of horseflesh. Great discontent existed among some portions of the army. The regiments which were tinctured ‘with counter revo1utionary sentiments, were severeiy tweated by the authorities, ‘The spirit of the reds was vastly broken since the recent defeat of the more prominent members of their party. The citizen voting in Paris on the 4th inst. wasa farce, It did not represent the sentiment of the people, This French soldier is quite an inteliigent man. He conversed very sensibly on the political sltua- tion, He believed that if another outbreak should take place in Paris tt would be attended with a ter- rible amount ef bloodshed, as it would be really one influenced by sheer desperation. MOLTEE'S STRATEGY—THE ARMY OF THE LOIRE IN DANGER. I have good reason for advising you not to place too much reliance in the reports of successes achieved by the Army of the Loire. General Von der Tann, with & small Prussia: force, is steadily falling back in accordance with a previously ar- ranged plan, well understood. He will no doubt Jose @ Considerable number ofmen, but the sacrifice Will result the same ag that endured at Gravelotie. It Is intended to hold the French army of the Loire im oheck. Meanwhile Price Frederick Charles is pushing steadily on, Even now he ts almost within striking distance of General Paladinues’ right gank. I believe that I can confidently assure you that un- jess Moltke’s plans fail—and they have not yet failed since the commencement of the war—the French army of the Loire will find itself in a trap with its only chance of relief-in the shape of another dis- astrous capitulation. This contingency is even now imonnent, PRUSSIAN REINFORCEMENTS, A large Prussian reinforcement, with a strovg convoy of guns, made its appearance at St. Denis Yesterday. The new comers were received with hearty greetings from the investing army. RUSSIAN MISSION TO THE KING. A special Russian knvoy from St. . Petersburg reached headquarters yesterday. He liad an imme- diate interview with King William, in the presence of the Crown Prince, Bismarek and Moltke. Fresh Troops for the Germane—Ficld Guns in / Parle Organization of the French Armics— , Composition of the Second=Trochw’s Imme- diate Command—French Opinion of the :German Strength—Provisions Plemiful—A ‘oun Around the Germau Linee=Position of the Chewn Prince=Lines of the Crown Princo or Saxony —Rapid Concentration—Von Molehe’s: Regrete—Proposed Future Plans— Napoleon to Be Restered—The Fall of Paris Will Not End the War. ES Lonpon, Nov. 15, 1870. 4 deepateh fron’ Verafilies rays that the rear of NEW YORK HERALD, WHDNESDAY, NOVEMBER {6, 1870.—' RIPLE SHEKT. the armies investing Paria is protected by the arrt- val of fresh troops. FIELD GUNS IN PARIS, A despatch from Paris, the 9th inst,, says General Trochu now has equipped 1,050 feld guns of new and approved patterns, ORGANIZATION OF THE ARMIES. ‘The organization of the three armies into which the garrison is divided 18 a8 follows:—The First army, commanded by General Clement Thomas, consists of 266 battalions of National Guard, Seden- taire; one legion of artillery and ten squadrons of cavalry. ‘The duty of this force is to garrison the enciente, and it numbers 390,000 men, Its cavalry is commanded by Colonel Quilet and its artillery by Colonel Schoelcner, COMPOSITION OF .THE SECOND ARMY, The second army is commanded by General Du- crot, and is divided into three corps. The fret id commanded by General Vinoy, the second by Gene- ral Renanit and the third by General D’Exea, This army consists of cight divisiens of infautry and one division of cavairy, and numbers 125,606 nie’, all veguiars, Its duty will be to make sorties, or strive to force tts way threngh the Prussian lines and join the army coming trom the Loire, TROCHY’S IMMEDIATE COMMAND, ‘The third army is commanded by General Trochu, and comprises seven divisions of infantry and one of cavalry, and numbers 130,000 mobiles and ma- vines. Its duty is to defend the forts and undertake operations near them. Trochu’s general staff is composed of (ieneral Senmitz, Chief; General Guione, Chief of Artillery; Generals Chaband and Latour, Cilef Engineers; General Wolf, Chief Com- missary. The e'ght divisions of the Third afmy are com- manded respectively by ‘Trochu, Sanmain, De Tunte v, De Beaufort, Conread, De Hughes, Laron- ‘etére and Pothnan. FRENCH IDEA OF THE GERMAN STRENGTH, Trochu informed the troops in a recent speech that the whole force of the Germans around Paris is only 200,009 men, spread over a circle of invest- ment sixty miles tp circumference, and when the proper time had arrived he would easily break this atienuated circle, PROVISIONS PLENTIFUL. An oficial report shows that provisions are suf- ficient to give fresh meat, bacon, breaa and dried vegetables, in all two pounds of solid food per day, to cach inhabitant until the 20th of January, THE PARIS GOVERNMENT ACCUSED OF FEEBLENESS, A correspondent at Versailles, writing on the 11th, says:—'‘Paris papers have been received dated the 8th. The press slll accuses the government of fee- bleness and treachery, but Trochu and his colleagues are evidently brave and full of power. The pubile feeling is still for resistance,” PRUSSIAN S1BGB WORES, ‘The Prussian siege worke are still unfinished, but they are now abie to resist a sortie, the men being better massed and reinforcements having arrived, ENGLISH REFUGEES, A number of English refugees arrived here on the loth. They left Paris on the &th, and were obliged to walk nearly the whole distance from Paris, by Charenton, thence thirty-five miles of a circuitous rouie to Versuilles, Some gave up and returned to Paris. A TOUR AROUND THE GERMAN LINES. A correspondent writes from Versailies on the 10th inst.:—“I have made’ @ tour around the whole Ger- man Circle of investment, beginning at Sartronville, @ point on the Seine eight kilometers northeast of St. Germain-en-Laye. POSITION OF THE OROWN PRINCE. The army of the Crown Prince holds adoubie line of intreached positions extending from the West to the southeast side ofthe city to Chelles a point on the Marne, near the junction of the Stras- bourg Railway with the river. This line is forty-five miles long, taking in St. Germain, Marly, Versailes, Bceaua, Ohoisy-le-Roi and Nolsy-le-Grand, LINES OF THE CROWN PRINCE OF 8AXONY, The army of the Crown Prince of Saxony holds a line extending from Ghelles around the north and northeast of the city, twenty miles long, touching Montiermeil, Severan, Georges and Sano, The troops are quartered jm all the houses of the vil- Jages, and some in wooden barracks, and are so scattered that it Is ditleult to determine their strength. é ABILITY TO RAPIDLY CONCENTRATE. They are apparently 40 sranged as to be able to concentrate 60,000 oF 70,000 men on any point attacked within two hours. To cencentrate a larger force will require six or seven hours. No doubt the health of the troops is greatly impatred; the sick lists are daily growing more alarming. VON MOLTKE'S REGRET AT THE REFUSAL TO SURRENDER. A correspondent at Versailles, writing on the 11th, says:—Moltke sald yesterday, ‘Paris will be avie to hold out about four weeks longer, I deplore the folly of the French in refusing to yield and the necessity for devastating the country,’ The opmion of the army concerning the entry of Paris coincides with that of Moltke. The men, however, are ter. ribly anxious to get home; they don’t care about seeing Paris now. PROPOSED FUTURE PLANS, ‘rhe belief prevails among officers that as soon as Paris is vccupled the majority of the troops will be quartered in the city and there remain all winter, superintending the Constituent Assembly and keep- ing a wide circie of country under subjection, while the army of Prince Frederick Charles pacifies the rest of the country, until the army lately under Bazaine is brought back to France, to be used in strengthening the hands of @ new, strong govern- ment, with which peace will be made, NAPOLEON TO BE RESTORED. Atthe head of this government will be Napoleon, This 1s the reason why Bazaine has been sent to Wilhelmshihe, and of the continual communications between Napoleon, the King, Bismarck and the im- perlalists of Engiand and Belgium, THE SIEGE OF BELFORT. TELEGRAMS TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. Number of Prussian Troops Under General ‘Treskow—The Defence of the City—French Peasants Pressed into the Ger Service. Lonpon, Nov. 15, 1870, By our special correspondent at Basle (Switzer- land) we are informed, under date of November 10, of some interesting particulars concerning the siege of Belfort, which should by no means be lost sight of among the important movements of the war, Our correspondent writes that he has just re- turned from the cantonments of the Prussian army investing Belfort. “The troops,” he says, “are under the command gf General Treskow, and are ee OO Pe We IS st one estimated at 100,000 men, but, from my own obser- vation, I belleve that 50,000 would be nearer the mark. The country from Lure along the route taken by three divisions of the invest. ing army on the 8ist of Octover is very desolate and = deserted, consisting of wooded and mountainous districts, the nature of whose conformation fits them pecullarly for the operations of the Francs-Tireurs, and scouting par- ties of Germans are kept out continually on duty, watching for such hostile bodies, The approaches of the bestegers begin at the Castle of Souvenaires, on the road from Lure. The earthworks of the besieging army have gene up rapidly since the ist inst, and already begin to assume a formidable appearance, The labor of a large body of peasants from the neighbor- ing villages and the surrounding places has been impressed by General Treskow for the completion of his operations, which thus far have been unintur. rupted, notwithstanding the constant firing of the forts. It 1 the opinion of the German officers that it Will take @ month to reduce the place. The strength 1 the garrison, including the Gardes Mobiles, is said to reach 90,000 men. Belfort has the appearance of being @ strong fortification both by nature and by art The citadel stands upon a steep rock, and is surrounded in its entire encetnte with strong bas- tiens. In addition to these fortifications there is the Roche de Beyort (Rock of Belfort), so-called, which rises at ita loftiest point to the heigth of 200 feet above the Fiver Savonreuge. Belfort ie, more- OF PARIS over, defeaded by a permanent fortified camp (le cainp rétranchd permanent de vation), which 1s capable of containing 20,000 men; and also by the Imporiant forts of De La Miotte and De La Justice. in addition to these, again, are stronger and more recent outworks, called Les Barres les Hautes. The purchase or forcible possession of this place would still more emphatically secure the possession of Southern Alsace to Germany, It 1s at the junc- ton of three railways, viz.—those leading to Paris, Southeastern France and Switzerland. It defends the passes between Southers Alsace and the valley of the Doubs, especially the road called the Tronce de Belfort, which is the key to the passes between the Vosges and the Jura, ‘There are rumors of French forces gathering in the neighborhood, with the purpose of attacking General Treskow, but the present state of the road is terribly bad aud the Weather 1s getting to be sovere, THE SITUATION AT ROUEN. Dee IEELO SOE TELEGRAM TO ThE NEW YORK iieAato. Inspiriting E@ect of the Victory at Orleans-— Ne City Defencer, but an Armed Force--The Prossians Not Feared=Wayslde Vigilance The Mail and Trade. LONDON, Nov. 15, 1870. ‘The Henaxd speclal correspondent at Rouen tele- graphs, under date of the 13th inst., as follows:— ‘The spirit of the people here is excellent, The vic- tory obtained by the French arms at Orleans has produced a most tremendous effect in favor of the nattenal cause, ‘The Prussians are reported as belng still at Gisocs, having made no movement northward, There are about 26,000 French troops here, includ- ing a large force of artillery. Rouen is not fortified. ‘The city contains 170,000 inhabiiants, besides many strangers and persons from the surrounding country, who have taken refuge for shelter in tne town. ‘There exists a great want of good artillerists and marksmen practised with the rifle or musket, Horses are very scarce. ‘The Seine ts filled with idic shipping. During my journey from Amiens to Rouen I found quite a number of the wayside stations barricaded, but the line communication was perfect both by rali and telégraph, An advance of the Prussians on Rouen Is neither feared nor calculated on by the tohabitants just pow. I met two gentlemen in the city who were await- Ing & favorable wind tn order that they might be let out as bearers of despatches by balloon to Paris, A mai! balloon was also ready at Amiens for the same service, i There are several Englishmen engaged In travel- ling through the department canvassing for orders for army contractors, GENERAL MILITARY RE- PORTS. TELEGRAMS TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. Nothisg UfMeial—An Entrenched Camp at Arthenay—General De Paladines Promoted— French Report of Prince Frederick Charles’ Movements— Prisoners and Booty=Ba- varians Deserting—Activity of Franes- Tireure—Spirited Dush Near Prael—A Pras- sinn Repulse Near bolemAuxoune Invested— General News. TooHS, Nov. 15, 1870, Nothing official from Paris or the Army of the Loire has been published to-day. A FORTIFIED CAMP AT ARTHENAY, The French camp between Arthenay and Orleans is now strongly fortified and armed witn cannon of long range. ‘This will serve as the base of the army of the Loire. GENERAL PALADINES’ APPOINTMENT, General Aurelles de Paladines is, by decree of the government, appointed commander-in-chief of the army of the Loire, os FRENCH REPORT OP PRINCE FREDERICK CHARLES’ MOVEMENTS. Prince Frederick Charics is now within five days march of the army of the Loire. A despatch fom Gien reports that the German forces are at Seus, PRISONERS AND BOOTY. It is rumored that @ large body of Bavarians sur- rendered near Arthenay yesterday. On the German prisoners taken around Orleans were found large quantities of French jewelry and gold. BAVARIANS DESERTING. It fa reported that the Bavarians of General Von der Tann’s command are deserting in considerable numbers and the peasants capture and bring them into the towns, ACTIVITY OF THE FRANCS-TIREURS. Advices from St. Teravy show that there have been constant engagements between the francs- tireurs and the Prussian scouts for several days past, Many have been killed on both sides. SPIRITED DASH NEAR PRAEL. A despatch from Mezieres, dated yesterday, says a force of 800 troops made a sortie there on that day and disengaged a body of Francs-tireurs whe were surrounded at Prael. One hundred Prussians were Placed hors de combat. REPULSE OF THE PRUSBIANS NRAR DOLR. It 1s ascertained from Dole to-day that 900 Prussians attacked that place yesterday, but were handsomely repulsed by the Natienal Guards, AUXONNE INVESTED. The town of Auxonne, in the Department of Cote @Or, has been nearly invested by the Prussians, THE NATIONAL GUARD COMPLIMENTED, The government, in the Montieur, thanks the National Guard of the Department of the Seine-et- Marne for their gallant conduct in capturing a body of Prussian cavalry, and mentions their exploit in an order of the day. RECALLED TO GRAY. A despatch received here from Dole says that the Prusstan force at Chevigny, about 4,800 strong, has been recalled to Gray, in the Department of Haute Saone, owing to the recapture of the city of Dijon by the French. PXEOCUTION OF MUTINEERS, A despatch from Lyons announces that the muti- nous soldiers of the Garde Mobile have been tried and three of them executed, FORMATION OP NEW CAMPS FOR DRILLING SOLDIERS. In addition to the forces now organized and in tne fleld, four mtrenched camps are to be formed, where in all 560,000 men may be drilled, General Cambricls Threatencd—Prince Frede- rick Charles Marching to the Assistance of Von der Taun—Recapture of Dijon by the French—Recrniting France-tireurs in Stras- bourg—‘Miscellanedus Items. LONDON, Nov. 15, 1870, The Prussian column from Rheims threatens the army of Generai Cambriels, PRINCE FREDERICK CHARLES MOVING SOUTT. Despatches to-night report that Prince Frederick Charles is moving southward to strengthen General ‘Von der Tann, and his troops occupy Donlevant, ‘Troyes and Seus. The latest reports state that he has reached the river Youn, Mis colamns converge at Seus, and he will cross the river to the assistance of Von der Tapn with an army estimated at 100,000 men, RECAPTURE OF DIJON BY THE FRENCH, A correspondent at Dole saye:—“Dijon has been recaptured by the French, who, after a brilliant en- gagement, drove the Prassians from the city. The Prussians gre retreating northeast, along the road leading through the towns of Marebeau and Man- toche to Gray.” PATRIOTIC WORKMEN, A correspondent with Garibaldi at Le Creugot says:— Eight hundred workmen came yesterday to Autun 48 a deputation to Garibaldi from Le Creugot, offer. ing to place themselves and their whole establish- Ment at hie orders to manufacture mitrallleuses, Cannon and chassepote, er put on the red shirt and Aight. All unmarried men from nincteen to forty Fears Of age Dad previously beep enrolled, aya of} by hie ¢ p remainder, all marvied meu under forty, now start for the feild, GARIBALDE AND THE PRIESTS, ‘The priests have all been turned out of the seml- nary at Autun by Garibaldi’s order and the pupils sent home. Gambetta ts reporied as being displeased At this, but has not countermanded the order, General Michel has been superseded and Oratzst Appotnted as his successor, THE ITALIAN GENERAL'S COMMAND, ‘The same correspondent, writing on the 12th from. Autun, says; — Resiottt Garibald) 14 to command the Francs. Ureurs composing the fourth brigade. One battery and some Spencer rifles have arrived. sozaks? quarters are at Kpinoc, He had a long interview to- day with Garibatd! to perfect plans for operations, ‘The ground is covered with snow, DETAILS OF THE SURRENDER OM VERDUN. A correspondent at Verdun, writing on the 9th, say! 1 Lave just envered the town, the fortreas of Which surrendered to General Von Gayl, with 4,000 Prisoners, icluding two generais and about 100 Ofleers ‘The citadel has suffered much from the Dombardment, and most of the casernes and store rooms are In The bombardment was to have been renewed. General Mantouticl, with bis corps, was already on the march to assist the detachments hitherto be- aleging the fortress; but the officers of the citadel were not able any longer to keep the soldters under diselpline. The republican party resisted the sur render last night and took up arms against the gar- vison and a fight ensued in which several were killed and wounded, OCCUPATION OF THR rontRess. ‘The Prussians entered Verdun without receiving any demonstrations from the inhabitants. ‘The citadel is stil provisioned for several weeks, Many rifles, guns, qnanuties of ammunition and otner war muterials were thrown into the river. Last night General Wallersback, the commander, lett for Wiiheimhie, RECRUITING IN STRASTOURG. The Prasstan authorities in Strasbourg have dis) covered aud broken up @ recruiting ofice for the French service. ‘The establishment, though con- ducted with great secrecy, had been in si essful operation for over a fortnight, and had enlisted and sent out 290 Francs-tireurs, MISCELLANEOUS "ITEMS, Additional French reports confirm the recapture of Dijon by the Army of the Fast, The churches in France ave offering their bells to be cast into cannon. THE POLITICAL QUESTION. TELEGRAMS TO THE NEW YORK HERALD. Belginm and PrussiamA Denial from Bis« marck=The War Not to End with the Capiare of Parinm—German ity—A Charge Against Gladstone—Switzerland Compre. mined—The Fecling in Vienna=—French Thanks to Neutrals—Election in Marscilles. LONDON, Nov, 15, 1870. The Belgian government replies to the complaints of Prussia about the tone of the Belgian journals that the press of the country is constitutionally free. BISMAKCK'’S DENIAL, Count Von Bismarck denies the authenticity of the despatch reported to have been sent by him to the North German Minister a* Florence, IF PARIA 18 CAPTURED, WHAT THEN? The London Times to-day, in its editorial article ‘On the situation, 18 disposed to believe that the war will not by any means be ended when Paris ts taken, ao intense 18 the bitterness of the French. GERMAN UNITY. A despatch from Berlin says that the negotiations looking to German anity are still pending. Prussia recently made @ proposition that all legislation re- lating to the press and the matter of public meet- ings should belong exclusively to the Federal Par- liament. NEWSPAPER CHARGE AGAINST GLADSTONE. ‘The Post of this city (t) charges that Mr. Gladstone interposed im the interest of peace between France and Germanyggst long enough to admit the negotia- tion of the new French loan. SWITZERLAND COMPROMISED. It is sald that a number of documents found in a balloon, which wes recently captured by the Prus- sians, seriously compromise the neutrality 0 Swit- zerlaud, HOW PEELING RUNS IN VIENNA, A despatch received here from Vienna says that grest enthusiasm was created at the Bourse here by the announcement that the Prussians had evacuated Orleans, NEUTRALS THANKED BY TUE FRENCH. Anote from the French government thanks the neutrals for their late mtervention in behalf of peace, The note says the acceptance of the harsh Prussian terms would have been virtually subscrib- ing to our own subjngation, THE ELECTIONS IN MARSEILLES. Adespatch from Marseilles, dated the Mth, by way of Tours, gives the following:—The returns They foot from the municipal elections are all tp. up as follow: Republicans Communists ... The city Nas been and is perfectly quiet, FRIENDS OF FRANCE. Opening of the French National Bazuar—A Grand Demonstration and a Great Succes Speeches by the Consul General of France, Richard O/Gorman nnd Others, It 18 @ special quality of American ctvilization that the joys and sorrows of peoples dl- vided from us by the wide seas find here an echo, Let gaunt famine stalk through the British Islands and affright continental Surope, the warm American heart is moved; let peace and plenty reign in tne kingdoms of the earth, and the citizens who live under the free flag rejoice. It 1s an evidence of progress and an indication of enlightenment when, within the body of a great city, the popular pulse beats high for humanity; when men and women in countiess thousands are found to join in the rejoicings and to weep over the misfortunes of fellow creatures though living in distant countries. Instead of this water-bound territory being named and known among the nations by its present d:signation it should be entitled Cosmos, Rome may be the city of the soul; ours is the metropolis of the world. Embracing within her wide arms men of every na- tlonality, she gives help and strength to the unfor- tunate from all lands, and is great in her charities and generous in her gifts, A visitor to the great national bazaar in Thitty-fifth street, organized and gotien up for the suftering French, which was opened last night under the most favorable auspices, was a spiendid filustration ol these accepted truths, There were there within the armory of the Seventy-first reginient, which Was splendidly decorated for the occasion,a bright galaxy of fashion and beauty. On the platiorm devoted to distinguished people and jn the hall there was an array of the Inteli¢ct and wealth of he Amert- can nétropolis rarely seen congregated undér one roof. All ythat money lavishiy spent, and taste be- couingly displayed, could do was done to render the tout ensemble of this cnaritable bazaar magni- ficent. More hy oa than can be spared would not suMice for an adequate description of it. Let it sul. fice that It was, as seen iast night at the open- ing, the finest afair of the sort ever wit nessed in New York. Jt was an enthusiastic gathering of the wealth and fashion of the city, and multitude most liberally inclined. There could not have been less than five thousand people pre- sent in the several rooms, and certaluly notone inch of room was unoccupied. What the proceeds of the sales were it 18 impossible to say, and what they wil will amount to before the fair closes it would be equally impossible to estimate. That it {8 gome to 8 great success, however, there isno room for disturbing doubt. Judge Henry Alker, of the Marine Vourt, presided, and M. Victor Place, CSusul General of France, made the first address. After the band of the Fifty- Afth, members of which regiment were engaged, armed and equipped, in keeping order in the room, had blown off several patriotic airs, Mr. Place spoke from notes his excellent address. He Gloquently pointed to the condition of affairs in France, depicted tae horrors ef the war now rag- ing with tury over her fair delds, and amid mucl enthusiasm Concluded by a fervid appeal for sypcedy aid and succor for his guttering countrymen. He was followed by Mr. Richard O/Gorman, who fer half an hour kept the great audience enchaine a @loquence. He pictured the aorrows and sul ferings of the women of France, dwelt largely on the necessity Of Americans showing at Uuls ume a pr ! sympathy for her ancient ally, and, in brit: to@ brilliant conclusion, tte, in Which that friend of America sent to the suffering Pennsylvanians, 11 1780, @ noble donation, Mr. O'Gorman was loudiy cheered, Mme. De Lussan then, after the band had player the ‘‘Marsejlaise,” rather indifferently it must be confessed, sang, with teiling effect and much force #nd expression, an aly from ‘Charles VI.” and was loudly appiauded. She alse received the compli- Meat ol # magnificent boquet. More speaking and Lnore music followed, and the Dumerous assemblage did not retire until a late hour, ‘The faty began well, Jt will be open every night for some time, and will, doubtless, result In great good for the saifering France. wounded of invaded THE WORLD'S HIGHWAY. The Isthmus of Tehuantepec as a New Route of Commorce—The Wealth, the Beauties aud the Traditions of Central America—Ite Geographical Featares and Commor- cia) Advantaces, Atthe regular monthly meeting of the American Geographical and Statistical Society last eventing, in the Cooper Institute, @ crowded audience was deeply interested in a lecture by Mr. Simon Sievens on the “Iethinus of Pehuantepec asa New Route of Commerce.’? Mr. Stevens began by saying that “the history of commerce is the history of the world. Radiating from the centres of wealth and civilization, te paths of trade have always been the channels through which the mental and moral wealth of nations and peoples have been dis- weminated.’? Alter iMustrating the general thesis by @ historical survey of the routes opened by con- querors to the East—as the Bust was defined in Aucient Limes and In (he Middle Ages—the lecturer showed tat Columbus and the other discoverers who immediately succeeded him sought by no means @ new World, but only a new route, whereby Europe might once more enjoy the wealth-giving commerce of Asia beyond the Ganges. Even at the present day ali goes to confirm the primeval law of human commerce, that “the trade of Asia ts the wealth of nations.” But ‘n seeking to secuce this grand ob+ ject Western Europe has regarded mamly her own interests, losing sight of the peculiar futerests which we in America have in it, and of tne pecullar relations .of the American continent to the commercial geography of the world. “Ever since the nations of Western Europe have found in the fast expanding trade of America still another “Orient” from which to dain wealth for thei capacious cofiers, they nave utterly ignored or failed to comprehend the fact that America is, after all, truly the; central Coatinent and must bere- ; alter hold the keys to the trade of the world, Mr, Stevens then proceeded to justify the predic- tion by unfolaing considerations drawn from the physical structure of the two continents of North and South America, He indicated the large shave which South America, with her untold and undevel- oped wealth, is bound to have in the western com- mercial system. He then entered upon the subject of the attempts which have been made from the days of the early Spanish explorers of America to discover @ feasible route from the Atiantic to the fic. When, he sald, the slow and arduous task of ascertaining the true nature of the geography of the Americas was accomplished, and the great fact waa unwillipgly accepted that na- ture had left no break in the rugged varrier which extended from the frozen sea or the North to the Straits of Magellan, and even sooner, the quick and fertile brains ot the early navigatora grasped the conclusion that what nature bad omitted must be supplied by the ingenuity and courage of man. ‘The thought was promptly supplemented by deeds of exploration and investigation, so daring, so judi- cious anc 80 exhaustive, thatif the records of their observations now in Madrid should at this day be examined we should require but little additional imformation on the American Canal What Spain already nental nature of away to the knew of the the regions which north and — south, conti- widened veya to the long and irregular reach of narrow land which extends from Southern Mexico to the norihe western shoulder of South America, At many dif- ferent points in this 1,700 miles of forest, lake and mountatn enthusiastic explorers were positive that an eligible Tocaut mn Pad peer discovered for consiru@ion of transits froni sea to sea by ship canal or otherwise. Then a8 now, how. ever, the attention of the worl became rapidly concentrated, and before long the names of the Tehuantepec, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Darien and Atrato routes, were as familiar in ine mouths of men as they are today. There wax then, however, but one question to ausw ONE PROBLEM TO SOLVE, “What is best for Spain? By which of th if more than one Is practicable, can the comm Spain reach the Indies?’! There could be no ref thus to the reqnirements of an American comune! system which had not yet been called into istence, or any consideration of a politival natur Affecting the interest of ihe yet unborn giant of the West, So far as American interests are concerned the Europe of to-day 1s a8 contemptuously regard- less a8 Were the Spanish explorers, and tie only re- cognition we tnay look for is the negative one which shall put the locality of the proposed enterprise as far as possible beyond our jurisdiction, The reason of the neglect 1s obvious when we - sider that hitherto @ route for a cana! has sought by or through European eyes, and tho i of cach locality have been considered nly wiih refe- rence to EUROPEAN COMMERCIAL INTERESTS and the cmployment of satlanie capital. ‘This, too, has permitted a spe of judicial hinds ness which has fatled to discern that only the route which was best for the trade wich needed 1t most could be most advantageous for all, Any such work or enterprise must be vitally important to and be protected by some ample and intelligent guareian, or, like the old Suez canals, iywill, soouer or later, be Jost to the uses of all the world, Let us once more turn to the map of North America. At the centre of ite pentiern, projection, almost landlocked by the coasts of Cuba, Florida, Yucatan and the mainland, the Gulf of Mexico, the Mediterrancan of America, has been scooped out by nature precisely whore it can best answer the demands of American commerce, ‘The great interior river navigation of North America finds Bere its outlet through the Mississippi, while a region larger and richer than all Europe west of the Adriatic slopes gently tn al! directions towards its circling coast line, It ey toe to over-esti- mate the importance of this Inland sea, and it would be something akin to insanity to dismiss it trom consideration in connection with such a subject as the development of the American system of trade. Let us now draw a@ north and south line, as nearly as possibie, through the centre of the habitable Con- Unent. We find that it reaches the southerly ter- minus of the Guif of Mexico a little west of the pe- ninsula of Yucatan and at about the narrowest por- tion of the istumus. If North America had been made an independent continent here would have been our soutiern extremily, Our Cape of Good Hope. Here is, truly, our southern chpe, our commercial apex; for here 1s that Tehuantepecg pass through which the trade of the future between our Eastern and Western egasis is to ebb and flow. Herc, and here ouly, can THE TRADE OF THE GULF of Mexico aud our swarming mterior, alike with that of the Atimntle ahd Pacific, a8 well ay that of Asia and of Europe, be fully accommodated. 1 16 be possible to coustruct at this pomt an avatluble passage for ships nothing but the discovery of something approaching to @ natnral strait. should carry ns further to the southward, beyond the bold promontory of Yucatan or through the dangerota navigation of the Caribbean Sea. In peace, which i may be regarded as the normai coudition of our American national sisterhood, a ship canal cross the ae or Tehuantepec would pring the Gulf porta nearer the har- bor of San Francisco, by more than 2,600 miles, than would a similar work tn connection with the Atrato at Darien. A similar advantage would here be attained, in varied proportions, gov- erned by respective localities, ior the Atlantte ports of the United States and the commercial cities of Western Europe, and this continues true, in a more or less marked degree, whether we compare the Tehuantepec with Darien, Nicaragua, Honduras or any other proposed line of interoceanic transit, ‘The trade lines from either coast of Souta America with either coast of North America, and of the enure west coast of our doubie continent with Europe, can be made advantageously converge at this point, Nowhere elsé cai all that vast preponderance of the Asiatic trade, which is compelled by Pacific cali: currents and trade winds to follow what is call the northern pa: » accomplish such a saving, either in absolute mee or in the specific faciit- ties of ocean navigation. No more vivifying stimu- i could be given to the swift development of our uuthern tler of States, no greater boon could be conferred upon the Valley of the Mississippi than A DIRECT CONNECTION BY WATER with our Pacific coast and Asia, for, in these days of costly steam navigation, should any neediess day or mille be added to the time or distance of their future transportation. At the same time selfishness itself forces upon us as @ not unimportant consideration that no stronger stimulus to her commercial ayniem, no better guarantee of future prosperity, could be provided for our sister republic. The statesmen of Mexico have loarned to look upon tl ee eri) canal as one of the bright siars hope in theirnational future, It has been said that the history of the Suez Cana, groping back as it docs among the tombe of Pharacis, Ptolem Roman emperors and Morlem caliphs, iy @ mine arcbeclogicn remance; byt, if that is true of 3 isit, ft inay he repeated wit tentold roing (he central lauds of Anierica, recent researches Of ihe Aby* Brassear de Bourbourg have removed sonfe points of Central in archwology rom the realia of coweeture placed them among the established [acts of soi- ence. Lven an imperfect allusion to the TOPOGRAPHY OF THR ISTHMUS leads us to observations (ending tu correct a some- what widespread popular fallacy conceroing Tehuanterec route, While nuch of it lies through & Vievin wilderness, and wiil encounter the obstacles appertaining (hereto, that very wilderness is itself a mine of wealth. here on the globe 18 there # healthier or more eanabls climate, in spite of ~—sits—sinterirepical locality. Nowhere are there such — boundless — #up- piles of the most valuaile woods kuown to the arts and mechanical necessities of the human race, Pine, oak, mahogany, logwood, ligaam vite, ebony and many other valuable varieties of tives are supplemented by the rubber tree, medici- hal plants, dye stuffy wd a soi which wil produce in tobacce, indigo, bananas, orunges and" endl fruits, A large portion of this vewion was under luxuriant emitivas , lou by the hands of white men wile yet the spot Whereon We slind was an unbroken wilderness, Mere. on the bunks of the ‘Tehuantepec, Cortes selected tis OWN estites, as being the very garden of Mexico und the surest fortine for his, descendants, Aud tothisday iis broad Jands are held by those who cal! hint thei divcet ancestor, while even Te- publicanism calls his estates “tne Marquisanas.” AMONG THB BILLS and mountains he towns and vidages, with churches that date bark over three centuries, while hiddes i the primeyal forests are the majestic ruins of @ yet more anc'ont civiization, older than the Spanish conquest, glider than thg Aztec menarchy, older than anything on earth, exeopt their own gray and Solon mystery, I’ have dwelt upon feature of the Isthmus country to bet! an important desideratuin, which cannot be so supplied by any of the other routes proposed—te Wit, the sure development of ioval population, trade and other agrionitural resources upon the lines of the tnteroccanic transit. Mr. Stevens then demons'rated that in war, asin peace, the necessities of our commercial develope Incnis, the self-evident economfes of trae, the dic- tates at once of a broad statesmanship and pradent atriotisin, point re to the Isthmus of Teluantepeo as the beat of all localities for the con- Siruction of our mteroceame ship canal, “I hope,” added Mr. Stevens, tn conclusion, “I have al in you some rensous why the Isthmus of question, © though vague and faulty, was suMcicut to restrict her sur- Tehuantepee a8 proposed a3 a new route of com- meres’? AWFUL CHILD MURDER. A Mother Kills Her Infant Daughter While Insane—A Horrible Seen of Blood in a Twenty-sixth Street Tenement Houso— Arrest of the Child’ Murderess. Margaret Moore, @ native of Ireland, thirty-four years of age, cut the throat of her daughter, Sarah Ann Moore, two years of, yesterday eventing, at her residence, 831 West Twenty-sixth street, and was only prevented from killing her remaining two ehil- dren and herself by the arriva! of her brother, Rob- ert Adair. THE MURDERESS. The murderess, whose maiden name was Man garet Adair, came to this country twelve years ago, accompavied by ber two brothers, Robert and James, Eight years ago she married William Moore, ® ‘longsboreman, and by her marriage had three children—a boy of seven years, @ girl of five years and her infant daughter, whom she murdered last night, She is a@ woman who was handsome in ber day, with dark hair and eyes, shght figure, and prominent, harmonized features; but rongh life in low tenement houses since her marriage removed almost every trace of her beauty, and last nigh, with the shadow of her dreadful crime hanging over her, ehe seemed a broken down, demented wretch. THE ROOM OF DEATH. A year ago the Moores, hired two rooms, a front room and a hall bedvoom, on the third floor of the double tenement house 3831 West Twenty. sixth street. The front room, in which the crime of last night was co: . 18 @ small, poorly furnished apartment, the floor covered ‘with a common dragyet carpet, a rasty cooking stove to the right side of the room trem the entrance, @ poor deal table painted to represent ma- hogany in one corner, @ creaky rocking chair in the ceutre and two cane bottom chatrs nthe window spaces. Common pictures, few in nuinber, hang on the walls, and crockery Oruaments Were in jumbled con- fusion on the mantel, The hall bedroom, a narrow, dark hole, with a window opening to the lobby of the stairs, was even more wretched in appearance than the other room, RB INSANE RAVIN: &. Yester evening Mary Adatr, ten years old, niece of the murderess, cailed on her aunt and found her combing her huir and singiag songs. Tne mur- pias nant yaa Playing on the ground the cluldréh Were asleep, The women canght her niece by the arm and said that & swange man had murdered her tusband and put the body Mm the cellar of the house, and that ¥,000 ohildren Were being chased on Wighth avenue and fung into the river. The murceress ‘hon took Up the infant and dressed it in a brown dress, say- ing it was the lasi time she would do so, The Uttie girl then left. THE MURDER. Robert Adair, the brother of the murdereas, went Into her room at hatf-past seven o'clock and saw the dead body of thi girl, her throat ent from ear to ear, lying on Lie oor of Lue room, Its Read to the Blove, ant @ bloody razor lying between it and the stove. ‘he imurderess was seated in the rocking chair. The brether took up the razor “Slave you done this’? The murderess wp, apparently seek- rotier seized her, and, nio the bedroom, locked " tue iaioing children, who were asleep in a cradle, were awoke and saw the miudered body of ther sister. Berore ihe arrival of the offteer the murderess attempted to escape by the window Jeading from the bedruotn to the lobby, but was detected and held by the brother until the arrival of oficer Wolfe, of the Sixteenth precinet station house, who removed her and the body of the murdered child to the station house in Tweatieth str WHAT SE TENDED TO DO. On questioning her Captain Petty learned that she had been taking at several times drugs lor the pur. pose of preventng conception, aad the woman, in & few intervals of reason, said that each time after taking these drugs she became crazy. She stated to Cuptain Petty that she intended to kill her three children and then herseli. THE HVSBAND'S srory. Her husband was notified white at his work, in a vessel on ihe North river, jate yesterday evening, aud came to the siation -house at twelve o'clock last night. He said bis wife exhibited signs of in- sanity yesterday moroing by talking to the clock and saying thai it was speaking to her. He stated that she was not a drankard, and that she always Was affectionate toward the children, He was granted an interview with the woman, and the scene of thelr meeting was very sorrowful to wit- ness, ‘fhe poor man said, “Ob, you unfortunate creaiure, why dit you do tiisl” The woman replied, “Oh, don't speak to me now.’ Her face was contorted every inoment as if she were suffering dreadful internal pain. ‘The body of the murdered child remains in the station house, and the murderess was under special guard all last night and this morning lest she world attempt suicide, ‘The case will be fully investigated by the Coroner, ond many parUculars developed at the inquest which are unknown now. METEOROLOGICAL RECORD. tnesday, Nov. 16—12:30 A. M WAR DEPARTMENT, S1GNAL SERVICE, UNireD STATES ARMY, ee) Place of On Fe 3] 83 re the |State of the ace of Ober-\a% |a3| SA | Fore of the |s vation, | | 3 ™ Hi Fa Winds Weather. ial” Ss. Ww. . WwW Sh w,, [Very gent i; . ‘er: it] 8 w. Gee % 26| W.|Very brisk. “om ‘alm. 20-88) BIN. Ww. « 10.08) 8618. WW. iau.09| 48] W. |Gentie. 29.88] 41)N. W.|Very gentle. a0 W 3 le. Phere 29.90] 25)N. W. very eats. Ro 29.44) ¥618. W.|Very gentle. '30:01| B4/N. W.iGentie. 50.05) BON. W. | Gentle, 29.46] al .W.|Vory gentle, THE ADIRONDACKS, ‘The second lecture of the season before the Young Men’s Universalist Association was delivered last evening by the Rev. W. H. H. Murray, who bas re- cently achieved so brilliant a success as an auihor by his charming volume. about the Adirondacks, His lecture was u the same sub- Jeet as his book, and foran hour end, @ half pe kept @ large auience fairly attentive his eloquent de- scription of Adiron Mount scenery, and his enthusiastic praises summer camp life in ae Degutifal with which hia ame, Bost thot be, a8 ad come indissolubly connected, He was frequently Spplauded, and no doubt many of bis hearers re- solved next zeae fo ferswear Newport and Saratoga and betake ives to the wi more inte C © TeOUDS TeROKS WhAND AloKieD (Dey