The New York Herald Newspaper, October 27, 1870, Page 4

SENATOR SLNVER ON THE WAR, Sketch of tho Origin and Pro- gress of the War. LOUIS NAPOLEON AND HIS PERFIDY, A Plea for the People of France. The Essential Conditions £ Peace. GUARANTEE OF DISARMAMENT. King William and Count Bis- marck, UPRISING OF WORKINGMEN. Abolition of the stem. War THY ROPUBLIC AND PHACH. Hon, Charles Sumner delivered a lecture in the regular Lyceum course, in Music Hall last night, on the “Duel between France and Preseia.” A large audience was present. Mr. Sumner commenced lls lecture by tracing the analogy between a duel engaged in by two individuals and a war carried on by two nations, contending that, as the duel is no Jonger tolerated as arbiter between individuals, so it should cease to be tole- rated between nations, After this mtroduction of his subject he sketched the evenis which provoked the present war between France and Prussia, ridi- caling the pretext on which it was declared by France. Coming down to the point of the formal declaration of war he proceeded as follow FORMAL DECLARATION OF WAR. The sce in the Lewisiative Body was followed by ‘the instat introduction of bills making additional appporeacions for the ariny t aad navy, caling out the Na tonal Guard an@ authonzing Vo unteers tor qe war. This last pro Was coumended by lhe Observation (hat in france there was a quantity of young people uking powder, but not liking bar- racks, Who Would in lisa Way ve suited; and this was received With apjiause. Ou the Ith of July there was a furiuer appropriation to the extent of §00,000,000f,, 450,000, 000f, sie tor the arniy and 50,000,000f, for tlie navy, aud from 159,000,000f, to 600,000,0001. treasury notes were authorized, On (the 20th of July Lue Duke de Gramont appeared once more wt the tribune and made the tollowing speech: — Conformably to customary rules, and by order of the Em- poror, I have f ‘ures of France to notiiy th 1on Lo seek by arma the gaarautees wai able to obtain by dis cussion, ‘This step has plished ; and i bave e e Legisiative Assembly that in veiween France and Pri Thin declaration app! wuo lend ber the co-opera- honor of making nown equally tion of thetr acm Here the French trumpeter in the ¢ dis champion statement of Count Minister played the part of aking proclamation before According to the vo the Parlia- marck, mi: muent at Bern, tis formal deviaration of war Was SOliary OliCial COMmUnICZLON m France in Wale Whole tran-acuon, betng the irst and only noie since the candidature of itince Leopold. How pwift this madness wil be seen ina jew dates.” On Ue 6th of July Was uttered the trst defance from the Frepeh wibune; on tw hon of the gricis of a deciaraiion of war, men and moucy; on tae War Was declare 1 Lo exist, contrast with (he ‘ligt heart? of Frane sth of July an exposi- fran-e tn the nature of with a demand for Wvih of July a state of Firaly, but in becomug ts was prompuly accepted by Germany, Woose heart and strength found expression in Wie speech ol the King at the openuy of Varitaueut, basitty assemvied on the ivth of July. Wik artic emotion and with moistened ey uls Majesty said, “Leaning ob the unaiauous Will of tie German gov- ernments of the South, us of the goverumeuts of the North, We address ourseives to the pater devotion of the Germin peopie for the their honor and their indeperdence.” Partiament responded sympatheticaly to ihe King aud made the necessary Appropriations. Abd tus the two champions stood front to front. THE TWO LOSTILE PARTIES. Throughont Tough rmany, the trumpet sou and eversywhe: people sprang to arms, as U the giea! horn of ¢ io, alier asleep of ages, had sent iorin ts commanding summons, Not a town—not # vula_e oid that voice not pene- trate. Modern invention had supplied an ally be- youd anytiung la table. From ai pa ts of Frauce, from ail parts 0, German, rmed men leaped for ward, leaving bend the ring Of peace and the business of ie, On each side the master was mighty, armies counting by the hundred thousand, And now, before We Wiiness the mutual skiagdter, let us pause to consider the two paruies and the issu: between them, France and Germany are most nolike, and yet the peers of euch other, wuile among the nations they are UusUrpussed in ClyIliZalion, «&Ch prodi.ious in resources, splendid in genius and great in renown. No two nations are so 9 ly Imatched. By Ger- many now I mean not only the States constituang North Gertaay, but aiso Wurtemberg, baden au Bavaria, of south Germany, allies in the present wer. ail of which to, r take 000,000 of hec- tares, beg the €Xuct area of France, ‘the popula- tion of each a8 not iar from 35,000,000, and it would be dificuit to say which js tke larger. Looking at tuances, Germany has the smaller revenne, but also the smaller debt, while her iulers, folowig the sentiment of me ie, Cullivale 4 Wie economy, so that here again sub-tantial equality is inaintained with France. The armies Of the two, empracing regular trvops and those sabject to call, cannot differ much in num- bers, uuless we set aside the authorizy of the Alma- bach de Gotha, Which pu's the military force of France somewhat vaguely at 1,259,000, while that of North Geimany is only 97 to which must be added 60,000 for Bavaria, 46,0v0 for Wurtem- burg, und 43,000 for Bacen, making a sum total won disturbed by of 1,116,262, of Which more than 765,000 are disciplined troops. ‘This, however, ' is cmefly on paper, where it is evident France is stronger than tn reality. Her available force at the outoreak of the war probably aid not amount tu more than 350,000 bayonets, while that of Germany was as much as double this number, owing to her superior system. In Prussia every man 28 obliged to serve, and, sull jurther, every man is educated. Disetpiine and education are two po- tent adjuncts, his is favorable to Germany. In the Chassepot and needie gun the two are equal. But France excels in a well appointed navy, having no lesa than fifty-five iron-clad3 and numerous other vessels of war, whue Germany has not a sungie iron-clad and very few war ships of any kind. Then, again, for long gene- ratious has existed another disparity, to the grat detriment of Germany. France has beena uation while Germany was divided, and therefore weak. Strong in union, the latter now claims some- thing more (haa that “aomipion of the air” once acknowleaged to be hera, while France had the Jand and kngland the The dominion of the land 1s @t last contested, and we are saddened in- expressibly that, irom ile elevation they have reached, these two peers of cty.lization can descend to practise the barbarism of war, and especially that the land of De es, Pascal, Voltaire and Lap- dace mnst challenge to bloody duel the laud of Luther, Leibnitz, aot jumboids ite ‘OLY, o-in. Plainly between these two neighboring Powers there bas veen wu unhappy antagonism, constant, if not increasing, partiy from tue memory of other days and partiy because France could not bear to Witness that Gerinan unity which was @ national right and auty, Often it has been said that war was inevitabic, But tt has come at last by surprise and on @ “question of form.’? So it was called by ‘Yhiers; 0 it was recognized by Olivier when he compiainel of insensibility to a question of honor; and 80 also by the Duke de Gramont when he referred it all to a telegram. ‘This is not tue first time in history that wars have Deen waged on trifies; but since the Lord of Praveastein chatienged the free city of Frank- tort, because a young lady of the city refused to dance wii his uncie, nothing has passed more ab- surd that this chuulenge sent by France to Germany hecause the King of Prussia retused to see the French Aibassador in a third visit on the same quatter, and then let the refusal be reported by tele- graph. Here Is the folly exposed by Snakspeare, when Hamlet touches a madness greater than nis own in that spirit which would “find quarrel in a siraw when honor ’s at the stake,” and at the same tlae aeprets an army Led by a delicate and lender Exposing what is mortal and unsure Jo all that forvine, death and dauger dare, yen for an egysdell, ‘There can bé no Qtarrel Ina straw orfor an egg: | shell, unless men huye cone mad. Nor cao honor in a civilized age require auy sacrifice of reason or nu- manity, br. Sumner then exposed the unjust pretension of France w interfere with the candidature of Ho- henzollern, and continved:— 4 In sending deitance to Prussia on this question prince, too obvious, we are left to inference. ‘tho secret Was disclosed by uber, President of the Senate, tately the eloquent and unscrupulous Minis ter, when, 10 an oitic.al address to the Emperor, im- mediately afier the war mamf sto read by the Prime Minist r, bo deciared thas rance quivered with indig- tion at the excesses of an ambition over-excited by the one day's good fortune at Sadowa, and then proceeded ‘Animated by the calin hope which is the true force of the empire, your Majesty knew how to walt; Lutin the tour jast years you have per- fected ab armament of soldiers and ralsed to the Nughost pitch the organization of the military forces, ‘Thanks to your care, Sire, France is rady.” ‘Thu aceordiag to the Presiicut of the Senate, di France. alter waiting, commence war because sie w 6 ready, while, according to (he Cabinet, it was on the potat of honor, Both were richt. The war was declared because the Hmperor thought hinself ready, and @ pretext was fuuud inthe advair of the tele rau. Considering the age, and the present demands of clyiization, Buch & war stands forth tercig In Wroug, Making the soul rigs tndignant Against it, One reason avowed ig brutal; tue gf ny 38 irivelous; both are criminal. If we look into the text of tus manifesio aud the speeches of the Cabinet, 1 18 & war founded On & (rifle, on a siraw, on an exgsuell Obviously these were preiexts only. ‘Therefore it ® war of pretexts, the real object being the hurmilia- von and dismemberment of Germany, in the vain hope of exalting the French cimpire and perpela- aung @ bauble glincrack crown on the head of @ boy. By muiltary success and a peace dictuted “at Berlin we Emperor trusted to find himself in such condition that.on return to Paris, he could overthrow parliamentary govern- ment, 80 far as 6 existed Lbere, aud re-establish personal government, where all depended upon Dumsell, tains triumph over Germany the means Of Another tuumph over the Fronch people. In other ties wero have been wars as crminal in origin, whore wifle, straw or cgesbell played its part, but they contrasted less with (he surrounding civilization. Unis Lat belong the frequent «ynas- uc wars, prompied by the interest, the passion or ihe whim of some ove m the famliy of kimgs. Oihers have begun in reckloss- ness, kuxired tu what we now witness, as when Eng.and entered inio war with Holland, and tor reason did vot hesitate to allege an ofiensive picture in the Town Hall of Amaterdam, Tne Engiand of Charles II. was hardly less sensitive than the France of Louis Napoleon, while ta each was similar indif- Jerence to consequences. But Frauce Das precedents of herown, Frou the remarkable correspondence of tbe Princess Palatine, Duchess of Urieaus, we jearn that One of the wars with Holland under Louts XLV. was broughion by the Minister de Lyonne, that he might give employment out of France to a personage Who iad made Lim jealous of lus wife, (Lotire de 81 Mars, 1715, Tome I. y. 38%) ‘the couimunicative and exuberant Saint Simon telis us twice over how Louvois, another Minister of Louis XIV., being overruled by bis mas er with re- gard to ihe dimcnstons of a window at \ersailles, was lied with the idea that “en account of a few 1uches im a window,” as he expressed it, all his services would be forgotten, and therefore, to save iis piace, excited a foreigu war that would make fim neces- sary to the King. ‘ine fumes in the Palat.nate, de- vouring the works of man, attested his tinning power. (Saint-Simon, Mémoires, Tome vii, p. 49; XiiL, Pp. 10.) ‘The war becaiue gei but, ace cording to the chronicler, it ruined Frauce at home and did not extend it abroad. ‘the Prepcu Euiperor conlidenuy expected tu occupy the same historic reg.on sv often burned and ravaged by French aras, With that castle of Heicleberg which iepeats the tale of v.00d, and, let me say, on no better reason than his ro)ai predecessor, siumuizied by an unprincipied Minister, anxious for personal position. The paral- lel is continued in the curse which the imperial arms have brought on France. PROGRESS OF THE WAR. How this war proceeded I need uot recount. You have all read the record day by day, soriowiog for humanity; how, after a brief tnterval of preparation or hesitation, the two combatants first crossed swords at Saarbrick Within the German frontier, and the young Prince imperial periorimed ius part in picking up a bullet from the field, which the Em- peror promptly reported by telegrapn to the Kin nV Uhis lithe invitary success is all that was led to the man who begaa the wai; how cn the za of August, fourteen days after the turmal deciaration, the Germans first trod the. soik of France; how soon therealter vict fol- ‘y lowed, first on the hillsides of Wissemiourg aud then of Woerth, shatiering the army of McMahon, to which the empire was jooking 50 contidentiy; bow another large army under %azaine was driven within the strong fortress of Motz: how ail the jor- tresses, bristling with gous and frowning upon Ger- many, were invested: now battle follos ed bartle oa various felds, where Death was the great con jucror; how, with help of modera art, War Siowed itself to be murder by machinery; how Mac Mahou, gather- ing Wwgether his scattered men and six nginening them wita reinforcements, attempted to relieve Bazaine; how at last, aiter loug marches, his large army found itself slut up at Sedan | wiih & tempist of fire beating upon its nad- dicd ranks, 80 tnat its only salely was capitulauoa; how, With the capituiauon of the army, was the submission oi the Emperor himself, wig gave nis sword to the King of Prassia und became prisoner of war; and how, on the reception of this news at Yaris, Lows Napoleon and his dynasty were dive ted of their powers and the empire was lost in the re- public. These tings you know, IJ need noi dwell NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, duties which the ton imposes pon me." ‘This was an Oath, addressing the Assemb! ho satd:—*The snffrages of the nation and the oat! which have just taken p parvo my future conduct, My duty is traced. Lwiil perform it as a man of honor,’’ Again he att sts bis honor. ‘Then, after deserved tribute to his immediate predecessor and rival, General Cavaignac, on bis loyalty of char- acter, and that sentiment of duty whica he deciares tobe “the first quality in the chief of a State,” he renews his vows to the republic, saying, “We have, citiven representatives. a great mission to fulfity it to found # republic in the interest of all’ and be closed amid cheers for the repubilc. And yet in the face of th s oath of ciMlce and tus succession of most sulemun pledges, Where le twice attested Ls houor, he had hardly become Presideat before he com- menced plotting to make himself Emperor, untit at jast, by violence and biood, he suecee ted in over- throwiug the republic, to which he was bound by obligations of gratitude and duty, ae weil as by en- gagements in suet various fori, The Emptre was ieclared. ‘hen followed his marria ze. and & dynas- ie Riubition to assure the crown for his son, Early 12 ufe a “charcoal” coaspirator agatost kings he now became a crowned conspirator against republics. The name of republic was to him A ré« proof, while its glory Was & menace, Against the Roman repubhe he conspired early; when the rebellion waged by slavery seemed to afford opportuatty he conspired against our republic, promoting as far as he dared the independence of the slave States, and at the sume time on the ruins of the Mexican republic set- ting up & mock empire. In simuar spirit tas he conspired against German Uuity, whose just strengin promised to be @ Wall ugainst his unprincipled am- biton, ‘This 1s butan outline of that incomparable perfidy, which, after 8 Carcer of seeming su0.e.8, is brougat to a close. Of @ tu‘icn man I would say nothing; but, for the sake of humanity, Louis Napoleon should be ex, He was of evil example, extend with his Infiuence. To measure the vastness this detriment 18 tropossibie, In sacrificing the republic to hisown agyeranudizement, in ruliag tor @ dynasty rather than the people, in subordinatiny the of the world to his own wicke ambition Jor his boy, he set an example of selfish. ne-#, ond lm proportion to his tr.umph was mankind corrupted in is judgment of buman conduct, ‘Teaching men to seek ascendancy at the expense of duty, he demoratized not only France, but the world, Unquestionably part of this evil example Was iis falsehoo.! to the republic. Promue, piedge, honor, Oath were all viviated in this monstrous treason. Never in history was greater turpitude, Unquestionably he could have saved the republic, but he preferred his own exaltation, As 1 am @ republican, and believe republican institu- ilons tor the good of mankind, I cannot pardon the tradtor. The people of France are ignorant; he did not cure to have them educated, Tor thelr ignorance was his strength, With eauca- tion bestowed by him the republic would have been assured, And even after the empie, had Le thought more of education and Jess oi his dynasty, there would have been @ civilization throughout France making War impossible, Unquestionably the present War 1s fis work, insittuced for bis imagined advan- tage. Bacon, in ons of his remarkable apothegins, toils us that “extreme seif-lovers will set a mun’s house on tire, (hough 1L were Lut to roast their eens.” Louis Napoleon has set Kurope on fire to roast his, Be) oud the continuing offence of his public itfe, I charge upon him three special and unpardonable crines:—First, that violation of public duty and pubitc faith, contrary to ail solemnities of promuse, by waich the whole order of society was weakened and human Character degraded; seconaly, distoy- aly to Pepublicar, institutions, so that through him the republic has heen arrested in Kurope; and, thirdiy, Uils crac] and causcless war of which he 13 the guilty author. PRACE AFTER CAVITULATION AT SEDAN, Vain are jessous o¢ the past or texts of prudence agatust that spirit or war which finds sauction and regulation in international law. Waile L speak the two champions still stana front to front—Germany exultiag in victory, but France in no respeet sub- missive. The due! sull rages, although one of the Champions 18 pressed ‘0 earth, as mi that early com- bat, where the Jhevaher Bayard, 80 eminent in chivalry, Uirust his dagger in-o the nostrils of his fallen ioe, and thea dragged his dead body of tho his head, Lifting tt from the altar, where it ro ig pl it shero himself, ta sign (hat he held it from Hoaven and bot from man, aod next yasea another oa the head of the Queen, tn sign iat ber dignity was derived from him. Then turn- ing rt und he brandished a gi tio sword in testl- mony of bis readiness to defend the nation. Since the battle of Sadowa, when the Austrian empire was so suddenly shattered, ho has belleved himseif rovidentia rd-bearer of Germany, des- ined, perhaps, to revive the old glores ot Barbarossa,’ 113 habits are soldicriy, and, notwithstanding his seventy-three years, he continues to tind pleasure tn’ wearing the spiked heluet of the Prossian camp. Republicans smile when he speuks of ‘ny army,’ “my al ies,’ and ‘soy people; but this egotism ta te natural ox- pression of the monarchical character, espectally where the monarch ve.ieves that he holds bv “divine rignt,”’ tits puble conduct 16 in harmony wiih these conditions. He isa Protestant, and rules the Jane of Luthes, but he 18 no friend to modern reform. ‘Toe venerable system ol war prerogative is part of his inheritance handed down from Oyhting despots, and he evidently belivves iu it. is mauisigr, Count iow Jig the partisan of ke | sedivine fight,” aud, the King, regards with satisiaciion that hierarchical jeudausm from which they are both derived, He is noble and OCTOBER 27, 1870.—TRIPLE” SHEET, believes in nobility, He belleves also in force, as if he had the blood of the god Thor, He believes in War, and does vot hesitate (0 throw its “iron dice,” iusisting upon the rigors of the game. As the Ger. man qucsttun began to lower, his poticy was most persistent. “Not through 8peeches und votes of the mujority,” he sa.d, in 162, ‘are the grea. questions of the me decided—that was the blander of 1443 and i849—ut by sieet and biood.” Thus explicit was he, Huving 8 policy, ae became its vepresenta- tave, and very svon thereafter controlled the coun- sels of bis puvercign, coming 8! betore the world; anu yet his clevation was tardy, Born in 1816, he did not enter upon dipi ‘until 1861, und Only in 1862 be- Paris, whence he was when thirvy-six yhars or came Prussian Mipister svon trans erred Ww the Cabinet at Berlin as Prime Munisi.r. Dowa to that Gime he qas litte known, His name fs no’ found in any edition of the compre- hensive “irench Dickenary of Contemporaries" (Vapereau, Dtionnatre des Contemp rruins), not even tts “additions and rectifications,” unul the supplement of 1865. But from this time he drew #0 large ashare of public attention thatthe contem- porary press. oi the world became the d¢ tionary where his name was always found. Nobody dvuots his inteltectual resources, hig cour- age or strength of will, put it is felt that he ts uavurally hard, and little affected by humaa sympa- thy. ‘Iherefure is he an exceicat war minister, It remains to be seen 1f he will do a3 much for peace, His one (dea hus been the untheauion of Germany uhder the primacy of Prussia, and here he enooun- ered Austria, a be now encounters France, But in that larger unity, where uations will be conjotuod in harmony, he can do tess, 80 long, at least, ashe continues @ ianatic lor kings aud & cynic wwards popular tusiitud ons, duch is the King and sucn his Minister. 1 have described them that you may see how little heip the great ideas already germinating from bieody ficids will receive from thew, 1n this respect they are as one, UPRISING OF WORKINGMRN, The workingmen of surope, not excepting Ger- many, respoud to the mandate of philosophy and tn- sist that the war system shall be abulinhed, At pubic meeiings, in formal resolutions and ad- dresses, they fave ueclared War against war, and they whl not be silenced, fhis is not the first time in watch workingmen have mate themscives heard for international justice. 1 caunot forget that while slavery was waging war against our nation the workiagmen of Belgium tn public meeting protested agalust that precocious prociamation of belligerent rghis by which the Briwsh government gave such impulse to the rebellion; und now, mm the Kame spirit aod for the sake of true peace, they deciare themselves asamst that war sysem by which the peace of nations 14 placed in such con- stunt jeopardy, Toey are right; lor nobody suifers iu war a the workuigiuan, Whether im property or in person. For him War 18 & ravenous monster, de- vour.ng his substance and Chauging bim trom cit ven to muillary seri, AS viclln Of the war sys- tem he 18 cutitied ty be heard. fleid, History now repeats itsell,jand we witness in Germs the very conduct condemued in the amous french knigat. The French Smperor was the aggressor. He eegzan this fatai duel, Let him fail—put not the peopic of France, Cructly already have they ¢xpiated Lneir vilence in accepting such a ruler, Not aiways should they suier. Bnough of waste, enough of sacritice, enough of slaughter lave they undergone. Knough have iney felt (he accursed hoot of war. it is easy to see now, that, after the capitula ton at Sedan, there was a dout.e mistake:—Fist, on the part of Germany, Which, 43 magnanimous eon- queror, suould have proposed peace; and, sec- ondiy, on the part of the republc, which should have decimed to wege | war of imperialism. With the capitulauon of the Em- peror the dynastic question was closed. There was no jouger pretension ov pi t, nor was there occa- sion for war. The two parties suould have come Lo an understandig, Why continue tis terrible homicidal, fratricidal, stacidal combat, fraught with mutual death and rikest Why march on Paris? To Whatends if for the humiliation of France, tien inust it be condemned. THRER FSSENTIAL CONDITIONS OF PRACE. on them, Not to batues and their fearful vicissi- tud-s, where all is incarnadmed with blood, must we look, but to the ideas which prev as ior the measure of time We look nol to the pendulum in its ose Nations, but to the clock in the lower, whose striking tells the hours, A great hour for humanity sounded whea the republic was prociaimed. Ant this I say even Should 1¢ fail again, for every atiewpt contributes to the fhai triumph, A WAR OF SURPRISES, The war, from the pretext at its beginning to the capitulation at Sedan, las been a su sion Of sure prices, where the author of the pretext was a con- Stant sufferer. Nor is this strange. Falsial’ says | with humorous point, ‘See now how wit may be made a jack-a-lent, When 'Us upon fil employment; and another character, in a play of Beauniont and | Fieicher, reveals the same evil desuny in strouger | terms, When he says. Pell gives us art to reach the deptis ut Ieaves us wretched foois when we are in. And this was precisely the condition of t re empire. Germany perhaps had one surprise, at the sudden adoption of the preiext for war. But tb empire has known nothing but sprprise, A fatal gurprise was the promplitude with which ali the German States, outside of Austrian rule, accepted the leadership of Prussia and joined their forces to the French Cabinet selected their own ground. Evidently a war naa been weditaied, ani the candi- dature of Prince Leopold, trom beginning to end, supplied @ pretext. In this conelision, wilen is hers, Differences were forgotten, whether the hate of Hanover, the dre: of Wurtemberg, the coolness. of Bavaria, the opposition of Saxony, or the impatience of the Hanse ‘Jowns at lost limportance. Hanover would not rise; the other states und cittes would not be detached, On the day alter the read- ing of the War Manifesto atthe h tine, even belore the King's speech to the Northero Variiament, the Southern States began to move. German unity | stood firm, and this Was Whe supre: surprise for France with which ihe war began. On ene day the | Eioperor in his otheial journal deciares his object to be tie deliverance ot Bavaria irom Prussiun oppres- sion, and on the very next day the Crown Prince of | Prussia, at the head of Bavarlau troops, crushes un | Imperial army, j | ‘Then came the manifest inferiority of the imperi: army, ©' ‘where outnumbered, which Was anoth surprise; the manifest inieriority of the imperial ariillery, ulso a surprixe; the manifest interiority of the imperial generals, still a surprise. Above these was @ prevailing ineficiency and mprovidence, which very soon became consptcuous, and this was a@ surprise. The strength of Germany, as now hibited, was a surprise. And when the German armies entered France every step Was @ surprise. | Wissembourg was a surprise: so was Woerth; so; Was Beaumont; so was Sedan. Every eucounter | was a surprise. Abel Drouet, the French general | who fell brave Dehtng at Wissembeurg, the first sacri. on the battle field, was surprised; 80 Was MacMahon, not only at the vegin- | ning, but at the end. He thought that the King | and Crown Prince were marching on Paris. So they were, but they turned aside fora few days to surprise a Whole army of more than a hundred thou- sand inen, (terrible with cannon and newly imvented implements of war, under a marshal of France, and | with an Emperor besides. As this succession of sur- | prises was crowned with What seemed the greatest | surprise of all, there remained a greater still in we we idee f the French empire. No Greck Nemesis with unrelenting hand ever dealt more incessantly the unavoidable blow, until the empire fell as a dead body falls, while the Emperor becomes a captive | and the Empress & fugitive, with their only child a Tugitive also. ‘The poet says:— Sometime let gorgeous tragedy In sceptred pall come sweeping by. It has swept before the eyes of all. Heheath that phy he pall is the dust of a apes empire, founded and ruled by Louis Napoleon; if not the dust of the Emperor, also, itis because he was wililing to saucri- fice Others rather than himself. = Me. LOUIS NAPOLEON. ~ The fall of Louis Napoleon 1s natural. Itis hard to see how it could be otherwise, 80 long as we contunue to assert eternal Providence, And justity the ways of God to man. Had he remained successful to the end, and dicd peacefully on the throne, is name would have been® &@ perpetual encouragement vo dishonesty and crime. By treacuery without parallel, breaking repeated promises and his oath of office, he was able to trample on the republic. Taking his place tn the National Assembly after long exile, the adventurer made haste to declare his exuitation in regaiming his country and all his rights aa a citizen, with the ejacutation, ‘The republic has done me this good! let the republic receive my oath of gratitude, my am of devotioni? and next he proclaimed there was nobody to surpass him in dotermined devotion ‘to the ° defence of order and to the establishment of the repubite.’’ Good words these. Tnen again, when candidate for the Presidency, in @ manifesto to the electors, he gave another pledge, announcing that he “would devote himself al ther, without mental reserva- tion, to the establishment of 4 republic, wise in its laws, honest in its coi great and strong im its acts,” and he Kotanteeted lurther words, biuding him in special loyalty, saying that he “should make ita poimt of howor to leave to his successor, at the end of four years, power strengthened liberty in- tact, real progress accomplished.” How these plain and unequivocal engagements were openly broken you shall see, Chosen by the popular voice his inauguration took place as President of the republic, when he soiemuly renewed the engagements already assumed. Ascending from his seatin the Assembly to the trl- bune and holding up mis band he took the following oath of ouice:—“In presence of God, and before the French people, represented by the National sembly, I swear to coatiauetiaitnfal to the democrt republic, one und indivisible, and to perform alt the In arriving at terms of peace there are ai least three conditions which cannot be overlooked In the, interest of civil.zation and that the peace may be ‘The workipgmen 0: diferent countries have been organizing in sociiies, of which it 1s ditiicuit at present Lo ceil te Domber and extent. I$ 1s Kaown. Ubat these 50cicies eXist in Germany, France, spain, Itaty and Kagiand, ay weil asin our owa country, aud that they have in some measure an inverna- tional character. in srance, beiore the war, there were 4%3,700 men im the organizalion, and in Ger- many 160,000, Yet this is but the beginuing, AC che mevace of the present war ali these soot- elies were roused, ne sovielty known 26 the Luter- nations! Workiagmcn 8 Avsoc.ation, by their Gen- eral Council, Issued an addreas, dated at London, protesting against it as “a war of dyaasiies,” de- neuncing Louls Napoleon a8 an enemy of the jabor- ing Classes and deciaring the war plot Oi 1870 but an amended caition of tie coup Weds o 1851. Tans Clear.y.is the case stated by the workingmen, now’ begining to be heard, and the testumony is rever- berated irom pation to nation, They cannot ie silent hereafter. L confidently look to them tor im- porianc co-operation in this great work 0. redemp- tion. Conld my voice reach tem now, wherever they may be iu that honest toll which 1s the ap- pointed lot 0: mun, 1t Would be with words of cher and encouragement. Let thei proceea until civili- Ziit.Ou 18 he 10u,er darkened by war, In tus way will they become not only saviours to their own households, but benelactors of the whole human such in realtty in name, and not an armistice only—three postulates Which stand avove all qaues- tions and dominate this debate, so that any essen- ial departure from them must end in wretched jailure, ahem rst ss ine peg te requirement of Germany, that slerg sh: be completes; ara ns! future oveatlttt Vonsth rent What well Known among us as “Security ior the tuture,”? Gonnt Bismarck, wiih an exaggeraulion hardly par. donaple, aliege ore than twenty invasions of Germany by France, and declares that these must be stopped forev Many or few, they must be stopped iorever, The second condiuon to be re- garded is the natural requirement of France, that We guaranty, while suticient, shall be such #8 not to wound heedlessiy the sentiments of the French people, or to offend any principle of public law. It is diiculi to question these two postulates, at Igasy in | the abstract. Only when we conc to the application Js there opportunity for difference. The third pos- tulate, demanded alike by justice and bumanity, 18 tie establishment of some rule by wich the recur- rence of such a barbarous duel shail be prevented. {t will not be enough to obtuin a guarantee tor Ger- meny; there must be a guarantee for civilizauon itscif, On careful inquiry 1t will be seen that all these can he accompiished mm one way ouly, whion I will de- scribe whep | have first shown What is now put for- ward and diseu as the claim of Germany, GUARANTY OF DISATMAMEN?'. Against the guaranty of dismemberment I oppose the guaranty of disa it. By disarmament I mean the razing of the French fortifications and the abolition of ihe standing army, except that mintmum of Jorce required for purposes of police. How com- fies the conditions already named ts many there would a the side of France absolute repose, «0 that Count Bismarck need noi fear anotier invasion, while brance, saved from intolerabie humiliation, would herself be free to profit by the new ctvilization. Nor is this guar- anty otherwise than practical tn every respect, and the moce it is examined will its inestimable advan- tage be apparent. Think you that the present quel between France aud Germany could have been waged nad not boli nations found tienrselves, like Frederick of Progsia, “with troops always ready to uct It was the poss session of These troops which made the two parties rush so swiftly to the combat. Is not the jesson perfect? Already imdtvidnals have disarmed, civilization requires that nations shall do likew Disarinament is enforced on three se grounds—iirst, economy: Hl, positive ad. vantage, If not necessity, and thirdly, assurtace of peace No promises 80 much. Does ar proinise any- thing beyond tie accident of to) Nor would to. my Victorious over slavery, our France be sion peace the large republic has shown how disarmament can be accomplished. The example of France, so entirely reasonable, 80 profitable, 80 pacific and so harmoni- ous with ours, would spread. Conquering Germany could not resist its influence. Nations gre taught by example more than by precept, and either is bet- ter than force, Other nations would follow; nor would Russta, elevated by her great act of enfran- chisemeut, fail to seize her sublime opportunity. Popular rights, Which are strongest always in as- sured peace, would have new triumphs, Instead of. trial by battle fur the deciston of differences be- tween nations, there would be peaceful substitutes, aS arbitration, or, it may be, a congress of gations, and the United Srates of Bapee would appear above the subsiding waters. The old juggle of balance of power, which has rested like a nightmare on Europe, would disappear, like that other less bloody fiction of balance of trade, and nations, like individuals, would all be equal before the law. Here our Wn country furnishes an illustration. S@ long ad slavery prevailed among us there was. ai attempt to preserve what ras designated balance o! power between the North and south, pivoting on slavery, just as in Kurope there has been an attempt Jo preserve balance of power among nations pivot- ing on war. Too tardily is it seen that this famous balance, Which has played such a part at home and abroad, is but an artificial contrivance insututed by power, which must give place to a simple accord de- rived from the natural condition of things. Why should not the harmony which has begun at home be extended avroadY Practicable and benificent here it must be the same there. Then wouid nations exist without papers! und reciprocal watcttul- ness. But the first etep is to discard the wasteful, oppresstye and peraicious provocative to war, which is yet maintained at such terrible cost. ‘To«lay this giorious advance ts presented to France’ and Ger- many. Dismissing the arts of KING WILLIAM AND BISMARCK. Two personages at this present moment hold in their hands this great question teeming with a new civilization, Honest and determined, both are patriotic ruther than cosmopolitan or Christian, be- Heving in Prussia rather than humanity, And the patriot sm s0 strong iu each keeps still the early tinge of iron. I refer to King William and his Prime Mimiater, Count Bismarck. More thau any other European sovereign, William of Prussia possesses the infamation of “divine right.” He believes that he was appointed by God to be king—differing here from Louts Napoleon, wao. in a spirit of compromise entitled himselt Emperor “py “the grace of God aud the national will.” This infatuation was iliustrated — at his coronation in ancient Kouigsberg, first home of Prussian royalty, and better famous ag birthplace and ilfelong home of Emmanuel Kant, when the King enacted a scene of melodrama which might be translerred trom the church to the theatre, No other person was aliowed to place the crown on jamlly. ABOLITION OF THR WAR SYSTEM, Such is the stutement, with 1tg7 many proofs, by which war is exhibited as the duel of nations, belag the trial by battle of the Dark Ages. You have seen | how nations under existing iavernawional law, to which ail are parues, refer ther differences to this insensaic arvitrament; and then how, ia our day and petore our own eyes, tWo nations, eminent in civilization, have furnished an instance of the incrediple folly, waging together a world-coavuls- ing, soul-harrowing and most barbarous contest, Ailask how long tue direfal duel will be continued, Better ask, How loug will be continued that war system by which such @ duel is authorizes and regu. iated among nations Wen wilt thts legalt.ed, or- ized tHitne be abolisued’? When at Yast will tt ssed that tie law of rightis she same for as (or individuals, 80 that, if trial by battle be:mpious for individuals, it 13 80 for nations also ? Against itare reason and humanity, pleading as never before—economy asking for mighty hélp— peace with aoftest voice praying for sateguard—and then the authority of philosophy speaking by soine Of its greatest masters—all reiniorced by the irre- ressible, irresistible protest of workingmen in dif- erent nations. Precedents exist for the abolition of this duel, 80 completely in point, that, according to the lawyer's phrase, they “goon all fours” with the new case. ‘two of these have been already mentioned; first, when, at the Diet of Worms, in 1495, the Bniperor Maximilian proclaimed a permanent peace trough. out Germany, and abolished the -‘liberty” of private war; and secondly, when, in 1815, the German principalities stipulated “under no pretext to de- clare war aguinst one another, nor to pursue their mutual differences by force of arms.’”’ But first in tune, aud perhaps in importance, was the great ordt- nance of st. Louis, King of France, promulgyted at @ Parliament m 1260, where he says:—“We forbid to. ali persons throughout our dominions the trial by patile, and, instead of battles, we establish proofs by witnesses. * * * And tuese battles we ubol- ish in our dominions forever.” (Guizot, “Histoire de la Civilisation en France, Tome IV, pp. 162—164.) These, at the ume, were great words, and they con- tinue great as an example that tneir acceptance by any two nations would begin the work of avoiition, which would be completed on their adoption by a conere: i nations, taking from. war its existing sanction. PEACE. An army is a despotism: military service is a bomd- age; nor can the pession Jor arms be reconclied wiih a true civilization, The present failure to ac- knowledge this mcompatibility 1s only another illus- tration how the clear light of truth is discolored and refracied by an atmosphere where the cloud of war still lingers. oon must this cloud be dispersed. From war to peace is a change indeed; but Natare herself testifies to change. Sirius, largest and brightest of all the fixed stars, was Rotea by Ptolemy a8 tiery-red, and by Seneca as redder than Bore oy since then it has chunged to whité, ‘o thé morose remark, whether in the philosophy of Hobbes or the apology of the soldier, that man is a fighting animal and tuat war is natural, Lreply, natural for savages r pol ping the tattoo, natural for barbarian’ rejdic rd im violence, but not natural for man im a true civiliza- tion, which [insist 1s the natural state to whitch he tends by »# sure A peor The true state of nature is not war, but peace. Not oniy every war, aang Bia nitiog gf ar 4s the mode of deter- mining International differénces, is evidence that we are yet barbarians; and 80 also is every ambition Jor empire founded on force, and not or the consent of the peopie, A ghastly, bieeding human head was discovered by theearly Romans as they dug the foundations of that capitol which finally swayed the worid. That ghuastiy, bleeding human head is the fit symboi of muitary power. Let the war system be abolished, and, in the glory of this consummation, how vulgar all that comes from battle! By the side of this serene, beneficent civilization how petty in ita pretensions is military power, how vain its trlumphs! At this moment the great general who has organized victory for Ger- many 1s velled, and hiv name does not appear even in the military bulletins. Thus 1s the glory of arms passing from sight and battle losing its ancient re- nown. Peace does not arrest the mind like war. It does not glare like battle. Its operations, like those of nature, are gentle, yet sure. It is not the tum- bing, sounding cataract, but the tranquil, frnitrai river. Even the majestic Niagara, with thunder like war, cannot compare with the peaceful bodies of water which it divides. How easy to see that the Tepose of nations, hike the repose of nature, is the great parent of the most cious bounties vouch- sated by Providence! Add peace to liberty, And with shat virtue every virtue lives, THR REPUBLIC. In the abolition of the war system the will of the people must become all-powerful, exalting the re- pubitc to 11s just place as the natural expression of citizenship. At St. @etena Napoleon uttered the famous prophecy thatin fifty yeara Europe would be republican or Cossack, The fitty years will ex- pire i 1871, Evidently Europe will not be Cossack, ‘uniess the Cossack is already changed to republi- cal—as well may be, When it is known taat, since the great act of enfranchizsement in February, 1860, by which twenty-three millions of seris were raised to citizenship, witn the rigut to vote, eleven thousand miles of railway have been opened in Russia and fifwen thousand three = hun- dred and fifty public schools. A beiter than Napoleon, who saw mankind with truer insight, La- fayette, has recorded @ clearer prophecy. At the foundation of the monument on Banker Hili, on the germi-ceutennial anaivergary of the battlo, 171 June, i ir i ee ay Rae Jaoiles ta nem isppere, The next fron A 1 hem! , toast shall be t0 entranchwed ” close of that halt centary, already 80 is wt hand, Shall itbenoid the great jubtleo is ‘ll Its vast. ness of promise accomplished? Butranohised Europe, foretold by fayette, means not only the republic for all, but peace for all; 16 means the United States of caret with the war system abolished, Against that live faith through which so much fails in life, Iaeclare my unalterable conviction, that “government of the people by the people and for the people’—thus soaly described by Abrabam Lincolu—is a neces- sity of civilization, not only because of that repub- lican equatity without distinction of birt, waich it establishes, but ior its assurance of permanent peace, Ail privilege 1s usurpation, and, like slavery, @ state of war, relieved only by truce, to be broken by the people in their strength. ‘To tie people alone can mankind look fur the repose of nations: but the republic 1s the embodied peopie, constituting We highest type of civilization. Ail hail to the repub- lic, equal guardian of all, and anzel of peace! Our own partis simple. It 1s, first, to keep out of war, and, next, to stand firm in those ideas which are the lile of the republic. Peace is our supreme vocation. ig we are Called. By this we suc- cocd. Our cxample is more than an army. But not on this account ovo we be indifierent, when human rights @re assailed or republican instiulions ure in question, Garibaldi asks for a “word,” that easiest expression of power, Strange will 1 be when that 1 not given, the republic, aud to alt struggling for human rights, I give word, with heart oo the lips. Word and heart I giv country forget at transcendent duties, viduals, the greatest nation is that which does most tor humanity, JACKSON’S. JEOPARDY, Tho Third Day of the First Ward Murder Trial—All the Evidence 1aken—The Counsel for the Defence Again on the Varbal Ram. page—He Charges the Grand Jury with a Wanton Fraud Upon Justice--The Prisoner on the Witnoss Stand—Probable Conclusion of the Trial To-Day. ‘The Jackson trial 1g hurrying forward to a close at & much more expeditious rate than was anticipated. Yesterday the prosecution putin the rematnder of their case, and the defence also completed the exa- mination of the few witnesses they have decided to call. It now only remains for the counsel to sum ‘up, the Judge to chargo the jury and a verdict to be rendered. ‘The trial will almost certainly be con- cludes to-morrow. Several times the connsel for the defence showed & disposition to launch out into wholesale charzes of judicial impurity and corruption, but was promptly suppressed by tne Recorder, All through the case the defence have showed extreme irrita- bility in regard to the rulings gof the Court, and at least a dozen exceptions have been formally noted. Next to the spasmodic a’ temptaon the part of counsel to drag in political and irrelevant issues the great feature of inte- rest in yosterday’s proceedings was the exami- nation of the prisoner himset:, under the recent law enabling accused parties to testify in their own be- half. Jackson gave bis evidence with great self- possession, and in & very coherent and clear man- ner. He evidently produced a favorable impression upon the jury, and 1t will be noticed that bis account ‘ol this dloody affair is directly at variance with what bas been stated by the witnesses for the pruse- cutlon. {THR BARTENDER'S TRITIMONY, Michaet Branigan examined—Reside at No. 6 Battery place: was bartender on the 29th of October for my uacie, in his saloon; the frst wang in wis trans.ction was about noon, when J saw acrowd on the sidewalk, and Leary, Juckson and Douglas clinched; 1 qwent inside the barroom, and while I was Ciose 2 the bar Douglas came in and loosed out at the window nearest the river; he weut back to the other duor; Jackson was coming in the § me door; Doug.as Went back across the rvoin, but before he reached te door Jackson was inside the room with a pistol; ne raised the pistol, lired, and Douglas RELL VACE DOWNWARDS. on the sill of the Washington street door, his head half out; only the prisoner, deceased and myself were in the room at that door; Douglas had bis hand on the knob of the door when ne was shot; I saw blood on Vouglas but did not notice auy wound; a crowd came 11 avd an officer and myscil raised up the wounded man; trom the time of the clincu to the firing of tne shot was, I should think, avout five minutes; Jackson sald something which f-did net understand and went out of tne Battery place door. Croas-eXanined—Dougias seemed rather excited, aud Jackson equally 80; Jackson secined to have been drinking; he was not crazy with liquor, but seumed to be reckless from excitement and drink; Mr. Spencer's clerk came down to our place about two or three months,ago and had an interview with ine and took a written statement froin me; I testified beiore tae coroner's jary, aud read the re- port of my evidence in the HuRALD; I HAVE A LARK now and then; I had one aboul iwo days ago. Jounsel—Yes, your appearance evidently shows that. Are you periectily yourself now—perfectly sober? A. No, not perfectly sober; Lam in my senses. ree’ Re-examined-—-I aig seer enough to know what I am doing, i MORK MEDICAL TRSTIMONY. George R. Paillips examimed—am a physician and surgeon; Douglas arrived at the hospital about twenty minutes of four; he was taken there in an ambulance; 1 accompanied him; J only looked at the wound; on the way to the hospital Douglas talked @ littie, but said noun of much importance. Charles W. Badeuug exainined—Have been a phy- siclan and surgeon about eighteen months; saw Douglas at the hospital; he was very feeble, put was he vomited some; Was at the post- mination. James T. Sinnott, examined—Am a physician and surgeon; saw Douglas at the hospital; he lived about forty-four hours after he got there; was at the post-moriem examination aud assisted atit. The witness then described on A SKULL PRODUCED by the presecution the position aad eharacter of the wound. He continued—in my opinion the wound Was the cause of death, Counsel for defence—You have got to show the bullet. We claim that the bulict struck the head on the mee and ee id right du Garvin—Suppose the bullet had gone through his head and gone into the river, how then? Kecorder—Proceed, gentiemen, with the case. Cross-examined—{ think the wound when [ ex- amined it was necessarily fatal; exertion on the part of the wounded man would not affect tue mortality or otherwise of such a wound as that; exertion would produce inflammation. Q. Suppose this man to have walked several hours after receiving this wound, and to have becn some time without medical testliony, would that have raat the mortality of the wound? A. it would ave hada e: HASTENED DEATH, I think; that 13 all; 4 the wound as fnflicted was the same as when J examined it it was necessarily fatal; I don’t think the walking of the man did not take away any chance of this man recovering; L dont think this impradence could do more than hasten his death. Q. Was that wound fatal from the polnt it was re-. celved? A. 1 think 1¢ was if it was the same wound that | saw. Dr. Shine testified that whatever had originally entered the skull did not cause death, but & SPLINTER OF BONE that had been forced through upon the skull; he thought the wound was of a fatal character; death was caused by meningitis resulting from the wound; Hae poeecmnceetty examination hud failed to find the ullet, Cross-examined- Witness nad known persons to recover from wounds even more serious than this; had seen Jackson at the Coroner's inquest; the day after the inquest had examined a contusion on Jackson's hand; le complatned of it as a severe injury. The prosecution here rested thelr case. Counsel for the prisoner then moved for the dis- charge of the indfetment on the Cte that it was not made out, ‘rhe indictment charged that the de- ceased had been killed by a leaden builet discharged trom @ pistol in the hands of the prisoner. The ae had not proved that be had been #0 illed, ‘The Recorder desied the motion. Mr. W. F. Kintzing, the Junior counsel for the ac- proceeded te open the case for the defence, formed the Jury that they would show that Jackson was justified’ in taking ihe life of Dougias, believing that his own life was in tmminent peril. THE PRISONER ON THE BTAND. ‘Thomas Jackson, the defendant, sworn and testl- fied—1 am thirty-four or thirty-five years of age; was born in England; have been in this country about thirty-two years; am married and have one “child eleven years old; on the day of the occurrence tour chambers of the pistol were joaded; there was one shot fired on the 20th of Octobe.; I had she pls- tol @ week or ten days; had carried It about eighteen months; was an ofticer of this court from July, 1868, to the tim. of the difficulty, and was sppointed by Judge Russel at the instigation of John Fox; have been active supporter of Fox; on the morning of the 26th was engaged in getting up @ democratic procession, and that was tne reason I did not go to court; on the 27th I turned out with the THOMAS FOLEY MUSKETEERS; on the 29th I left home at quarter past nine tn the morning, supposing the court was in session; we used to report at the Tombs about ten to take the prisoners up to the Tombs; on the corner of Green- Wich and Liberty streets I met two or three men, and told them 1 was gving to court; they said there Was no court because it was registry day; I wont down Greenwich street, and met mike Loftus, and had a drink at No. 70 Greenwich street; 1 went to the Second district to register, and on the way 1 mot Daniel D. O'Vonnor; went into hts place, at No, lu Washington street, aud drank twice: 1 saw 1 was metas re talkrog and T said to wYou are very sooth tg have anything to do wh." Oody; because both @ liar and $ dapier, qor vers sald Idare not to his face; dared; we walk towards »."annigan's; ry it vuntakes ithe pyc hed pare ear ry i aul down there: S Beane 6, Raye + We will go tate Brannigd.’ is quarrel;” we went 1.4, Douglas and Ce EriE had adrink; 1 trot ‘I had ® Word Ini thy life with either of vite i knew Douslas twelve dr fifteen yours, and hau always becn on. friendly terns; when we had the drink we went out ou the cornor and talked theres had some hard conversation; Gudy alepped across the strect and Dougias said, “Here he comes: he called Cody over und sald, “tere 1s. a man who hae called you A LIAR AND A THIEF;!? Cody tet @ tremendous oath out of him and said, “ANY 0 who says 80 is altar,” I gloved Le: on one side and he struck at me; Leary got hold oF me round the body; Cody had. ine by’ the neces hit me twice in the uihearn separat us: wentinto the barroom and Douglas aan “We have got you now, youson of ab—h, and we'll give it to you;’’ I did not intend to take any one’s life. THE OYSTEKMAN'S TESTIMONY, James Mulnearn, examined—On the 20th October I kept the oyster stand in Baitery pinces have known both the parties and was on friendly terms with Jackson, ‘y and Douglas; 1 took Leary away from Jackson and left Cody remaining with hun; when I came back I weard the pisiol shot Jackson was fightiog alone against the three, and daterfored to vreak matter up; Kiley said, “Leg him" (meaning Jackson) “get hilm out;” [ saw Leary round the corner; did not hearthis expres- sion, “Give tt to the big son of a b—b;” when I asked Ruecy to heip me. SQUARH THR MUSS, he said “No;” Jackson was very mucn excited and under the tadveace of tiquor. ‘Cross exumined—It was between threo and five minuics from my taking Leary away to Lue pistes shot; I took Leary about twenty-five feet a vay, James Martindale exanuned-—Reside at No. 82 np i udl ain & fatiitor; saw Mr. Coily to my sor. row; he— ‘The District Attorney objected to th's line of evi. dence as irrelovant, . Counsel for defence said he proposed to show by thts witness that Cody's statements the day previous were utter falsehood. When this witness made a complaint against Cody the magistrate thought & such @ serious ease that ho squt tt up to a tlzner court. Taere, although Mr. Martindale was a re spectable man, he bad been UNABLE TO GKT JUSTIOR against Cody, owing to the interference of a certain gentieman. whose naine he wouid not mention, ‘Lhe Reco.der ailowed counsel vo proceed, and the witness continued as follows:—On a Sunday morn. ing, avout three yeara ago, 1 Was swunming my two dogs in pler No, 1; Mr. Cody requested me to tike them out; Isaid f had the right to swim them there; he wanted tw fight, and old as i amu i gave mine qhance, which be didn’t tase; L went to the edge of the dock to call my dog out, aud he pusked me ia unawares; IL could not swim, and how I gut out 1 do not know; it took me half an hour to recover my- self; 1 meade a compiaint—. The iecorder interfered and told the witness to conflue himself to the facts of the alleged attempt to drowa hun. Coansel for defence said he wished to show by this Witness that the same man who was helping Cody and Oody’s friends to PUT A HALTER round Jackson's neck slieclded Cody himself from the consequences of a serious charge. ‘The Kecorder again allowed the witness to pro- ceed. Witness—-Cody was arrested and was bailed out; at the Special S-ssions the Judge said he should send the oase back to we District Attorney's oitice; a littie while after 1 was tola onthe dock | might as well take twenty dollars and let the matter go, for THAT HANK SailTH— The Recorder—Never mind that; that has nothing to do with this case. 1 should like to know, thouga, if the dogs are sull alive, lama lutte curious about that. Witness—Yes, slr, I nave them still. Join Vakiord, exemined—Am a captain of a po- lice squad; wus first appointed capiain five a0; Juckson was @ppoinied oiticer ‘n 1563: 1 was captain all che time he was ofticer; he carried a pis- tol Secause Aume prisoners escaped from him as he ‘was carrying them iroin the court, aud 14010 himse tA IKLO]; the next day he showed me ene nash at ROL, Coun. el for the defence asked to read the names Of the gentlemen who composed the first Graud Jury that nad todo wath this case. He wished te show thal they were as respectabic us even a demo cratre commitiec, ‘The District Attorney—1 submit that is not compe- nt, Counsel for defence—My object 1s to show that these inen, who decided that this was not # premed- itaced case of murder, were honorable men and reputablecitizens. if the second jury, who indicted Jackson for murder, were justilied in doing 80, sone man brougit before them as a witne-s must have perjured hunself, if they liad acied only on the same evidence as the first jury he wished to show that the first jury cousisiet of the bighest Class of men, meapabie of violating the oath they had taken to do justice, The Kecorder suid he did not think this made much difference. The court and jury were now ea- saved only tn ascertatning matters of fact. i Jack- Son Were Innocent—i the facts did not convict him, he would be acquitted, The Court had nothing whatever to do with the action of the Grand Jury, Counsel tor defence—I say then that the witnesses before the two grand juries were the same, I TRLL THIS COURT, not that I wish to say anything derogatory to.1ts dig- nity, that politics must be taken out of the judiciary of this county. Recorder—Lhe sooncr the better, sir, Counsel—Lam one of those who ure called lunge tics, but I can put my finger UPON CERTAIN JUDGES who yield to political intiuences and redeem their oaths according to those influences, if they redeem them at al, > ragt-sernile T have the honor to:preside in thi url I decline to allow you or any other coun- sel Lo impr the motives of any judges, Counsel—I can prove what I say. If the Court de- mcs me the right to examixe this wituess upon these be hia T trust it will give me the benedt of an excep- N. 101 Recorder—Certainly, sir. Counsel—I don't see why I shouldn’t have the same Itberty to speak as the newspapers, Day after day the newspapers bring specific charges against ieee by name, aud they do not sneak about it, ey say “THOU ART THE MAN,’! and there is the charge against you. I will offer also to read the indicument found against Jackson in the Court of Oyer and Terminer on the 9th of November, 1869. nUbiocted to, Objection sustained and exception 0 Counsel then offered the evidence taken Coroner Fiyan on the 6th of November, 1869, Objection taken and sustained, and exception Counsel then read the ante-mortem examination of deceased, which he claimed was at variance with re uae offered in the trial, and, further, was also faise. Counsel also read the first statement of the pri- soner and then said:—I move now to quash indictment, on the ground that the second grand jury were GUILTY OF A WANTON FRAUD upon tlie administration of justice. Recorder—That is a very serious indictment against the honor and integrity of twenty-three, men. 7 Counscl—We charge that the second grand jury were guilty of fraudulent action, aud not a word can be said in their favor. The motion was denied. The defence here rested their case and the court adjourned until to-day. VIRGINIA. Iufidetity of a Clergyman’s Wife—She Carries on an Amour With a Young Lawyer—Dise covery by Her Husband and Consequeat Scparation—Fatal Affray. RICHMOND, Oct. 24, 1870. A letter received hero from Lancaster Court House, in the Northern Neck, gives the particulars of a case of scandal in high social and religious cir- cles. It appears that the wife of the Rey. Addison Hail, who resides at Kilmarnock, in the county of Lancaster, had for some time been on @ degree of intimacy with a young lawyer named Ellas Edmonds that excited the suspicions of her confiding spouse, The lady was a native of Lowell, Mass., from which cold and passionless region she had recently beem transplanted to the genial temperature of the sunny South. The affulr grew into an amour, and the suse jighe! of the betrayed husband became stronger as je witnessed the half-concealed terms of intimacy between the guilty pair, Thus the matter og [ Siggeae bape Bag ie oz 13th inst. ihe us wife being absent from home, the Rev. Mr. Hall, by means of a false key, opened her trunk, and, to his horror, discovered & large number of letters from her paramour, the youthful lawyer, wo reside ins tae same village and Was & membor of his congregation. These epistles were Tutt of devotion and expression of love, such a3 usually emanate from a passion: amorous youth, 11 was the more scopy too, as the ia Was several years the senior of her lover, ai the mother of three children. As soon as the matter became known, the community were astounded as the infatuation, of the woman and the baseness of the young man, who had hitherto stood high in their estimation. The betrayed husband at once sought @ lawyer, who drew up 4 deed of separation, which he signed, and which the woman who had cocres his earthly happiness also sigued. Shordy this the woman was placed in charge of @ personal friend of the preacher, in whose company she soon poe ce home, family and husband, going she knew not where, So great was the indignation among the people that on the Lollowing court day au lodignation meet- ing was held, at which resolutious condemning the gailty pair, and condoling the injured husband were Asse, While the above meeting was in session an affray occurred between two men naincd Wooten aud Sor- reil, during wihch the former was stabbed by the latter in the left side, below the ribs, inflict wound one inch and @ half long and three inc! desp. The wound 1s said to be fatal, aud Sorrell Was committed to fall Lo awall an examination