The New York Herald Newspaper, September 7, 1870, Page 6

AY,' SHPIEMBER 7, 1870.—THIPLE’ BHERT, {tis laid down by Count Bismarck as the | museums of art, and railways and dapale, and indispensable essential of any peace with | theatres, and a free press, and a free church, France that it shall involve some condition or | #nd all the embellishments of a modern capital The Ropublic—A Ray’s Doing in Paris. | The War Situation—The Advance on Paris. The news which we publish this morning} The principal of the situation disclosed clearly shows that the situation, if it is not | by this despatches centres in the sharp and well defined, is at least intelligible | advance on Paris, The three columns that _ NEW YORK HE BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. , of thelr ex constituents shall so authorize them, JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. “~~ ‘All business or news letter and telegraphic despatches must be addressed New Yore Hepaxp. ‘ Letters and packages should be properly sealed. ’ Rejected communications will not be re- turned. 2 THE DAILY HERALD, published every day tn the sear. Four cents per copy. Annual subscription oe price $12. . —_—_—_—<$<_—$<$<$<<$ $$ ——_——_—_——_—____________—7 Volume XXXV........cssesecesserssaseeNO, 250 ——————————————— THE HERALD CORPS OF EUROPEAN WAR CORRESPONDES3. We have special correspondents moving with each division of the opposing forces of France and Prussia, and news agencies in the principal capitals—-London, Parls, Berlin, Ma- @rid, Vienna and Florence—so that nothing of an important news character escapes our vigilant representatives. Our news agencies in the principal cities of Europe, and our system of travelling corre- spondents, have been long established, a fact the readers of the Hzraxp have no doubt long since become familiar with, and as our letters from all parts of the Eastern Hemisphere for years past have fully proven. We do not pretend that our comments upon the war, or that our opinions upon the proba- ble success of either belligerent in contem- “plated movements come by the cable. Our only aim is to give to the public the fullest, the most reliable, and the most suthontic record of facts as they occur in the grand operations of the contending armies. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, WOOD'S MUSEUM AND MENAGERIE, Broadway, cor- nor Sih st,—Performances every afternoon aud evening. WALLAGK’S THEATRE, Broad: id 13th Farrz, Our Cousin Guewan yee mic mcuste mre GRAND OPERA HOUSE, corner of Eizhth avenuo aud ‘td st. —UnIELLa, THE Damon oF THR Nigar. - BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Dazine Dro Drruotivz—Buoruss Brit aNd Baorue Bex OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway.—Orz! — Livrin Faust, Matincoat age OT=E* Bouven BOOTHS THEA’ ‘38d st., der _ “peg Rn TRE, » between Sth and 6th avs.. KIBLO’S GARDEN, Broadway.—SHaKsPEake’s TRAG- pr oF JoLivs Casan, TONY PASTOR'S OPERA ROU: BIBUX BXTERTAWMENT, Matince THEATRE COMI 514 Broadway.—C: ve , tem, NEGKO AcTS, Oa ations ae ee SAN FRANCISCO MINSTREL HALL, 685 Broa: — Nreno Muvsreeisy, Fanons, Bustxogons, ao. ren EELLY & LEON’S MINSTRELS, No. 806 a — Ln Patir Faust Tur OsuY Leow.” Droatway. by Soa Bowery.—Va- "HOOLEY'’S OPERA HOUSE, Brooklyn—Neazo Mrv- OTRELSY, BURLESQUES, 40. TERRACE GARDEN, Fitt; nue.—GRanD VOOAL 4D ighth street and Third ave- NOTRUMENTAL CONGRRT. LEEDS’ ART GALLERL ©17 and 619 Broadway.— Exumirion oF Paxtines ine NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway.— Boexos AnD Arr. DB. KAHN'S ANATOMICAL MUSEUM, 745 Broadway.— BOmMoE AND ant. cguacitis EMPIRE RINK, Third avenue and Sixty-third street.— FaiR OF TEE AMERIOAN [NSTITUTE. TRIPLE SHEET. New York, Wednesday, September 7, 1870. CONTENTS OF T0-DAY’S HERALD. Pas. 1— Advertisements. 2—Advertisements. S—"he War: Rapid Advance of the Prussian Ar- Armies on Paris; The French in Full Retreat fore Them; Invasion of France from the Upper Risine; Se Negotiations at Metz; Manifesto of the French Workingmen fo the Germans; A United States of Europe lela the “Despots;” Arrest of the Princess athilde. 4—The War Sentiment in This City—Foreign Feel- ing on the Great Capitulation—Votce of the German Press at Home in Fatherland—Bel- gium the Battle Field of Europe. 5—Amusements— Marine Disaster—Opening Day of the Autumnal Trotting Meeting at Point Breeze Park, Philadelphia—Maideas on Their uscle—The Empire Rowing Club Regatta— jovements of President Grant—Young Men's Christian Association—Personal Intelligence— A Man Killed by a Blast—The Alleged Felon- lous Assault’‘at Mott Haven—The New Bridge Over the Harlem River. G—Editorials: Leading Article on the Republic; A Day’s Doing in Paris- Amusoment Aunounce- ments. %—Editorial Articles—Telegraphic News—The Re- pubitcan, War Veteran and Temperance Con- ventions at Saratoga—The Vermont Election— News from Washington—Shipping News—Busl- ness Notices. 8 in the New York Courts—The Cen- Pigeon Shooting—Army and Naval Intelli- Dangly and Commercial Reports— larriages and Deatus, 9—Advertizementa. 10—The War (Continued from Third Pags)—Revo- lauions in Spain and Italy—Advertisements. ‘1—Advertisements. ‘Advertisements. ae oo Taere 1s A Rumor that United States Marshal Sharpe is to be displaced, to make room for the reinstatement of ex-Marshal Bob fMorray, This change will probably meet cer- tain exigencies contingent upon the enforce- saent of the new election law of Congress. Wao Witt be tae First to call o mass Ymecting of the citizens of New York to respond to the erection of the new republic in France? An uptown organization, known as the “Brennan Society of Bloomingdale,” has wtarted the movement. Push it along. Tog Vermost ELectTioN.—The first gun the fall campaign is heardin Vermont. As | “usual the republicans carry the State by a imajority about three times the whole demo- eratio vote. But little interest was felt in the election by either party, consequently the vote is small, though a little heavier than last year. The Senate will probably be unanimously re- publican and the House about two hundred Fepublicans to thirty democrats. «. % ; Tue Porrmi0aL CamPatan in Onto is waxing ‘warm. The candidates for Congress have been = mearly all nominated. It is singular to notice ‘What many of the old war horses of the dif- erent parties are in the field, The political on presents the indications of a good, campaign like that of olden time, when ts met whigs, and then followed the of war.” Judging from the nominations fer mac.’ the Forty-second Congress is ely to progont an unusually high order of and full of interest. The empire is dead. So for the present is Bonapartism. The republic has spurted out and shown some signs of life, Meanwhile the Prussian hosts march forward, determined to lose no time, no opportunity to make their p good, The result of the great battle of Sodan, although it has given us good reason to hope that the war cannot last, cannot be said to have as yet simplified the situation. The war continues and the French government has been revolutionized. Up until the news arrived informing us of the result of the last great battle our duty was simple. We had to consider the situation on the battle field. The question. was, which of two great nations should prove strongest and most successful in an armed struggle. Now, however, that the French Emperor is a Prussian pri- soner; that the best General France could boast of is dangerously wounded; ‘that the best army Mrance sent into the field is practi- cally annihilated; that France is passing through an agony begotten by an enemy on her soil and by internal revolution, we have to consider a situation which is peculiarly com- plicated. The situation is at once military and political. In a military point of view the situation is simple and perfectly intelligible. The Prussian, or, as we should rather name them, the German hosts, flushed with suc- cess, and with such a success as perhaps no army has ever experienced in the whole his- tory of war, move steadily on to fresh victo- ries. While we write they are well advanced on their way to Paris. Another couple of days will, in all probability, inform us that the armies of King William are in full view of Paris. We are uot unmindful of the efforts which are being made by the new French government to give the invading foe a warm welcome, We are not forgetful of the strength of Paris and of the advantages which her peculiar position by art if not by nature gives her to sustain a siege. We are not oblivious to the noble doings of the French people at the commencemeat of this century, when the first outburst of unrestrained and imperfectly directed national life repelled the officious and meddlesome invaders. But mindful as we are of all these things, we cannot resist the conviction that if resistance is finally deter- mined upon by the new government resistance will be vain. With what seemed to the world a strong government, France has been found wholly unequal to her Northern foe, With a transitional or provisional government—a government which in point of fact is no govern- ment—the chances that France can now drive the Germans by force of arms from her soil are small indeed. Asit is not impossible that an armistice may be speedily agreed to the political situation assumes more importance than the military. What are the chances of the new govern- ment? If we judge from the telegraphic despatches, and if we allow our wishes to father our judgments, we shall be compelled to say that the republic now initiated must be a success. To all outward appearance France has gone heartily, even enthusiastically, in for it. It is not Paris alone, but almost every large centre of population which has cried out in tones of thunder, “Vive la republique.” The transition, too, seems to have been so easy that one has no choice but say that the French people have been waiting for their opportunity, and that having found it they have had no difficulty in taking advantage of it and making their long cherished purpose good. The feeling seems to be universal that the empire, which has proved a failure, was a fraud throughout; and it is not to be denied that the surrender of Napoleon, with all its attendant circumstances, largely justifies this feeling. The empire was tolerated, trusted in fact, because it was believed that the empire was strong. Since 1789 the French people have had—and whatever results from the present crisis they ever will have—a pre- ference for a republic. On every occasion, when the opportunity has been given them, their desires have been openly expressed. It was so in 1830. It was so in 1848. It isso nowin 1870. In 1830 the opportunity was small and success was next to impossible. In 1848 the opportunity was great; but the blind adoration of a name ruined all. The opportunity now offered the French people cannot be spoken of with much confidence as yet; but it is safo to say, that the bugbear of a name which ruined the hopes of 1848 is but little likely to disturb them now. We cannot say we are satisfied with the men who have come to the surface and who have assumed the reins of power. Where is M. Thiers? Where is M. Guizot? Why are they keeping out of the way? Is Trochu on their side? Do they meditate a restoration? M. Jules Favre has, it is said, set out to meet King William. Let us hope that his mission will be successful and that peace will give the republic a fair opportunity. Let us hope, too, that the mob will give proof that a tyrant is un- necessary. Tho Orleans Princes iu Paris, The universal amnesty declared by the new government of France has opened the gates to all the exiles, and there is a general homeward flight of birds of many feathers not lately seen in Paris, With the rest come in the Orleans Princes, who evidently have a notion that these are times when it is good to be on hand, Undoubtedly the downfall of one government, closing a game, as it were, leads to a shuflle and a new deal, and any suit may turn up trump. But the fact appears to be that I'rance means to resolutely try a republic, so the king- lings cannot count upon France. Next to the French nation the best friend to have in France just now Is doubtless the Prussian himself, and we believe the Orleans Princes must count without him also. Germany has declared that she wara for German purposes only, and put- ting an Orleans on the throne of France can- not, by any subtlety, be twisted into a German purpose. Perhaps it may be considered by Prussia that the republic is necessarily inimi- cal to her, and her objection to that would open the field to the Orleanists as avallable candidates for the throne, That is their only hope, and that is remote. Paris, however, is a pleasant place to visit, especially when it is one’s home, and he has been away nearly twenty yeare,, fought their way on the direct route to Paris #o far as Chalons, and were there diverted towards the north by MacMahon’s move, have resumed thelr march onward. The arrival of a Prussian force at Rheims is reported. It is probably the corps of Prince Frederick Charles and Steinmetz, and one of them will probably diverge sharply toward the south so as to come in on the old route proposed by the Crown Prince when he thought to flank MacMahon at Chalons. Thus the advance on Paris will be made in three columns, the Crown Prince hold- ing the right at St. Quentin, A new move- ment is iooming up further south, in the ad- vance of a Prussian force to Mulhausen and also to Neufchateau. Mulhausen is about sixty miles below Strasbourg, and Neufchateau is about thirty miles south of Toul, both places, therefore, being much further south than any route hitherto taken by the Prussians, The move is probably intended to throw fresh troops against Paris from a still more southerly direction and to check any demon- stration which may be made against the vic- torious army by the large levies in the South of France. The French troops have been ordered to Paris, such as can get there, and are already moving in that direction. Both belligerents are making forced marches, and the next en- counter will probably occur in a few days before the outworks of the capital. American Jockey Club—The Fall Races. The fall meeting of the American Jockey Club at Jerome Park is to commence on Thursday, October 6, and to be continued five days. The programme embraces every variety of running races, including steeple chases and hurdle races. A popular feature of the flat racing is that there are to be a num- ber of races of heats. The number of races each day will be unusually large—four on the first day (including grand steeple chase), five on the second, five on the third, six on the fourth and six on the fifth, Patrons of the sport are therefore sure to get the worth of their money. In view of the immense number of race horses to be In attendance the club bas found it necessary to erect spacious additional stables, which are now completed. Nearly two hundred race horses can now bo accommodated upon the grounds; almost every fine race horse in the United States and Canada will be present, securing the certainty of large fields of starters and brilliant contests for the numerous events. The admirers of the fine horse Narraganset may be assured that he has entirely recovered from the lameness which had prevented him from running during the spring and summer meetings. Ho will ba an eagle among the flyers at the approaching meeting. Many fine horses are already at the Park in active training, and but a few days will elapse before the vast assemblage of contestants will be complete, Ladies and gentlemen who delight in early morning rides through Central Park will have great inducements to extend their excursions as far as Jerome Park, where from sunrise until nine o'clock each morning they can wit- ness spirited “gallops,” “‘breezes” and ‘‘trial runs,” select their favorites and decide how to hazard their money upon the ‘glorious uncer- tainties” of the approaching contests. A CorrEsponpENT Wants To Know ‘‘who will pay Louis Napoleon’s private debts?” Inquire of ‘‘Fernandy Wud” and the Nassau street property, reported to be held in the interest of the ex-Emperor. Tae Frenon RePvustio AND THE FINANOES oF THE WorLD.—The markets here and abroad are all unsettled by the prospect of such a ter- rific revolution as may follow the proclamation of the republic in France. Gold yesterday ran up to 1153 on the apprehension of an European war, but subsequently fell to 1144 when it was reported that the head of the provisional government of France had left Paris to make terms of peace with the Prussian King. Wu Prestprnt Grant hesitate to acknow- ledge the new French republic or decline to accept its accredited Minister? Where is Washburne? Tae Morat Errsor or tHe War is already shaking up the great nations of Europe. Spain, which has been hoping for a repub- lican government since the expulsion of Queen Isabella, is again excited on the question, and a strong republican sentiment is obtaining ex- pression. Conflicts have occurred between republicans and Carlists in some parts of the country, the Constituent Corps has been called for September 15, and the Re- gent has returned to Madrid. The Italian troops, with the hope of transferring their capital to Rome, are again in arms moving upon the Holy City, with no Napoleon or French troops to block the way, and with every prospect of success in their undertaking, In Austria the establishment of German unity has produced an almost revolutionary senti- ment favoring a fusion with the United Ger- man confederation. Von Beust himself is said to favor the union, Thus the great war begins to spread, and no one knows where it may end, BexaiumM, THE BATTLE Fietp or Evropr.— We publish elsewhere to-day a historical sketch of the military vicissitudes which have affected the peculiarly complex character of the Bel- gians, and which have caused Belgium to be called the battle field of Europe. AMERICAN F'Lacs WERE DispLAyep on the City Hall yesterday in honor of the proclama- tion of the French republic. In 1880 there was the grandest procession ever witnessed in the city of New York in honor of the downfall of Charles the Tenth and the establishing of a republic in France, In 1848 there was a re- markable display of bunting in honor of the formation of another republic in France, These demonstrations were witnessed by the present generation; but like the illusion of a dream or the mirage upon the desert or the ocean, republicanism, a8 a power, was swept away from the soil of France before the French people really had the opportunity to compre- hend the situation, Republicanism is the root of the political policy of the French people, but, unfortunately, imperialism has hoge,/*e blossom and the fruit, conditions that will render such another war as the present impossible—some condition to impose a constant.and effective restraint upon the aggressive tendencies of France. He specifies three things as likely to secure this end: first, the erection of Alsace and Lor- raine into another neutral nation, to effect on the upper Rhine what Belgium does on the lower; second, the direct annexation of these two States to Germany; third, the holding by Germany of two important fortresses in France—namely, Strasbourg and Metz—as the very palpable and material guarantees of French good behavior. Definite preference is given to the latter of these three as the only condition that will hold water, and our own opinion is that this last proposition holds too much water. Indeed, the whole summary is such as to suggest the thought that the Prus- sian Premier does not sit down and disclose his exact views to every wayfarer. He, in fact, discharges his first proposition for insufficient reasons. He is reported as saying, “It appears to me that neutrality of the existing small States is already so difficult to protect, and ia at every moment capable of so many and such dangerous complications, that I do not think it would be worth while to make more neutral States and with them new duties and dangers.” In other words, such a neutral State might preserve the peace too well. It might prove an obstacle to Germany as well as to France—and what Germany wants and feels entitled to demand is an obstacle that will operate on France but leave Germany quite free. Belgium, as the war has shown, was @ good practical obstacle to the operations of both armies, and any strip of territory the violation of which must invite against the offender the interposition of all Europe cannot but act in that way. That, therefore, is the only effective guarantee that will operate equally on both parties. Neither of these nations, not even Prussia, powerful as she is, can afford to give combined Europe a fair case against her. Bismarck gives up*the point of the annexa- tion to Germany of Alsace and Lorraine for the fair and legitimate reason that those States are French and would form an uneasy and hostile part of the common country, In fact, they would prove a comfort to an invader from that side. His declaration that the hold- ing of Strasbourg and Metz is ‘“‘what we shall do” leaves out of view altogether the possi- bility that the voice of Europe may be called to the final settlement of terms. Europe can- not thus leave one Power in permanent neces- sary domination over another, and we do not believe that the settlement will take that shape. Undoubtedly the proposition that Jules Favre is reported to have made, that France should abolish the standing army, in- volves more clearly the true condition of peace. Let Prussia insist upon that, and even follow it by a grand disarmament on her own part, and the war will not be altogether without benefit to all Europe, Prussia’s best safety against future aggression is in the fact of her victory and in her military system, and the disarmament of France will extend the influence of these causes. Italy, Rome and tho Pope. We have the news from Florence that on the 29th ultimo the Gazette d'Italia of that city had published an official circular notifying all tenants that the Ministerial Council had decided to transfer the government to Rome before the end of September; that the gov- ernment makes this announcement in order to exonerate itself from claims to indemnity; that the news came on Florence like a thunder- bolt; that the genuineness of the notice is doubted, but affirmed, and that this policy ex- plains the presence of the Italian army on the Roman frontier, and why Prince Napoleon postponed his announced departure from Flor- ence; that there is a panic among the property holders of the city, and that many projected public works therein had been abandoned. Thus, then, the dream of Young Italy, of Rome as her capital, is about to be fulfilled, This grand idea began firat to impress itself upon the Italian people with the annexation to the national nucleus of Sardinia of the Austrian appendages of Lombardy, Parma, Modena, Tuscany, &c., in 1859, as the fruits, with the aid of Napoleon the Third, of the war of Sardinia with Austria, The idea was strengthened into a popular Italian ultimatum a year or two later with the revolution effected in the kingdom of Naples by Garibaldi, whereby the southern territories of the peninsula and the beautiful island of Sicily were incorporated in the new Italian kingdom. But in 1859 the Italians were dis- appointed in Napoleon's treaty of Villafranca, which left Venice and all those petty Italian districts east of the Mincio still in the possession of Austria. In this matter, how- ever, what Napoleon failed to do in 1859, Prus- sia did for Italy at Sadowa in 1866, and with the incorporation of Venice and the sur- rounding country in their new kingdom the leading spirits of Young Italy became impatient for Rome and restive under the offensive checks and cloudy policy of Napoleon. They had lost faith in him because, in compensation for what he had done for them, he had appro- priated to France their Alpine provinces of Nice and Savoy. Now the coast is clear. Napoleon, his empire and his dynasty and his offensive despotism over the government of Victor Emanuel are removed; Rome and the Roman States are open to Italy, and she is going in to occupy them. Rome is to be the capital of the Italian kingdom that is and of the Italian republic that is to be; and in ex- change for the States of the Church and his temporal power the Holy Father is to have a liberal annual allowance from the Italian treasury and the recognition of his dogma of infallibility as the head of bis Church, but with perfect freedom to every citizen to entertain his own opinions on the subject. The Holy Father will, perhaps, chafe a little at first at the loss of his temporalities ; but in the reflection that his kingdom ‘is not of the kingdoms of this world he will find great com- fort. Likewise in his infallibility will he not rest uponthe rock of St, Peter? With the transfer of the Italian capital to Rome we shall doubtless soon see “the Eternal City” rising like a phenix from its ashes, brightened up into new life, with new palaces, public edifices, hotels, new of a great and flourishing State. that a few years hence the tra over the Roma Campagna will find its a drained off and the plain sparkling with its villas, cot- tages and fruitful gardens, and that he will find the ragged beggars of the strects of Rome vastly diminished in numbers, and the banditti of the neighboring mountains trans- ferred to Greece. Hence we consent to the removal of the capital of Italy from Florence to Rome, but with the distinct understanding that the Holy Father shall be well provided for and shall not be rudely disturbed in his dogma of infallibility. If any one shall so transgress let him be anathema. The New Provisional Government of France. The provisional government which the recent astounding events in France have brought into power is composed, with but one or two exceptions, of men of well-proven administrative capacity. In this respect it differs auspiciously from the provisional gov- ernment of 1848, which was headed by a poet, whose Utopian views were shared, and in some instances exaggerated, by his colleagues. All the members of the new provisional govern- ment are, of course, to be counted among the most liberal French politicians, But several of them have evinced moderation and good sense to a degree which has at times compro- mised them in the opinion of the more flery irreconcilables of the late opposition, This very fact, however, gives assurance to the world that they will use their best efforts to maintain the admirable coolness and discretion with which they have entered on their difficult and responsible duties, Grévy, the President of the Council of State, an able advocate, became, in 1848, one of the commissaries of the government. He was also a member of the Assembly and a member of the Committea of Justice. As he had proved the earnestness and sincerity of his political convictions by fighting, while a student, at the barricades in 1830, so he sub- sequently was always moderate and firm in his tone, although usually voting with the Left. General Leflo, Minister of War, is a native of the south of France, and served with distinction in Algeria. Becoming a mem- ber of the Assembly in 1848 he was honored by the republio with a diplo- matic mission to St. Petersburg. After the coup d'état he was regarded as so dangerous an adversary that he was expelled from France. He remained in exile until 1859. It remains to be seen whether he is gifted with the genius requisite to reorganize the demoral- ized remnants of the regular army, and to improvise other armies that shall emulate the glory of those of the republic of '92. Jules Favre, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, is one of the most distinguished lawyers and eloquent orators in France. The details of his brilliant career were presented in the biographical notice which we published yesterday. His parliamentary talents aud influence are im- mense, His courage is equal to his great ex- perience, and his fidelity to the advanced ideas of his party has always been consistent, while he has never consented to be so trammelled by partisanship as not to oppose with all his might—in the prosecution of Louis Blano, for example—the perilous impractica- bilities of extremists. He has now an oppor- tunity to prove that he is capable of being a statesman as well as an unrivalled special pleader. Pierre Magne, Minister of Finance, originally a lawyer, has made political economy the study of his life, Ever since 1835 he has had practical experience in administrative work, and he is as eminentlya solid man, a man of facts and figures, as was the late Joseph Hume, of the British Parlia- ment. He is an invaluable accession to the provisional government. Crimicux, the Minis- ter of Justice, was also Minister of Justice in the provisional government of 1848, His wise old age and well-known moderation, and the generosity which led him in the days of Feb- ruary to support the regency of the Duchess of Orleans as sympathetically as he had before espoused the cause of his persecuted Hebrew brethren in the East, will lend special weight to his voice. Jules Simon, the Minis- ter of Public Instruction, a brilliant successor ef the philosopher Cousin, has long been the acknowledged head of a bevy of young and learned professors whose republican proclivi- ties prevented them from retaining their professorships on condition of taking oaths of allegiance to the late Emperor, Each of these disciples of Simon has in his turn be- come the centre of wide moral and intellec- tual influences, and the sum of all these influences will now be brought to bear in favor of the new-born republic. No man in France is more thoroughly competent to be Minister of Public Instruction than Jules Simon. Leon Gambetta, the Minister of the Interior, is a young man with an expanding future before him, He has already attained distinction by the electric eloquence which he has displayed in political lawsuits. The bust of Mirabeau, which adorns his study, may have inspired him with a conservative as well a8 witha destructive spirit, and he may yet use his un- deniable genius in guiding Franca towards paths of safety and peace. Arago, the Mayor of Paris, is a nephew of the celebrated astro- nomer and statesman, and appears from his early proclamations to be well quali- fled for his new position, Oount de Kératry, the Prefect of Police, a Breton by birth, is a descendant of an old legitimist family, but has always sympathized with advanced liberal ideas, His proclama- tions augur well as to his determination to make it his first duty to preserve order at Paris. General Trocha, Governor of Paris and President of the (ommittee of Safety, is said to be an Orleanist, but he has manifestly set aside all partisan sympathies, devoting himself with equal energy and impartiality to the duties which devolve upon him as virtually a dictator. R Such are the principal men to whose hands the destinies of France,are at least temporarily entrusted. They may not be able to do more than to enable the ship of state to tide over the dangerous breakers \by which it is sur- rounded. They may fail'to realize the san- guine hopes of their compatriots and to expel from France the armed Ret hoata of Prassian invaders. But {ti tobe desired oe fa saving fe expect f y with Prussia honorable and advantageous ot ditions of peace. — — . ie a The Flight of the Empress. Nothing so dramatic as the flight of the Empress Eugénie from Paris has occurred in the annals of royalty since the ead departure of Marle Antoinette from the Tuileries. The Empress left the palace on a8 soon as the news of the capture of the Emperor was confirmed. She left by the quay, accompa- nied by s aingle servant. Her departure was 60 hasty that her room was left in disorder, Trunks were piled in confusion on the floor, bonnets and dreases were lying about in heaps, and the bed was not made, while. in the rooms of the Emperor and the Prince, which had not been occupied for many a night, everything lay as they had left them weeks before. The Emperor's books and papers, cigar boxes, re- volver cages and phials containing phosphate of fron, remained as he had left them when first departing for the German frontier. An un- finished historical exercise remained unfinished on the desk in the young Prince’s room, and his leaden toy soldiers, with which, probably, his father had been teaching him the art of war in preparation for Saarbruck and Wis- sembourg, lay defeated and overthrown on the carpet. Perhaps Eugénie, as much the wife and mother as the Empress, had allowed the rooms of her dear ones to remain just as they bad left them to remind her more forcibly of the absent. Perhaps she anticipated with housewlfely glee the pleasure so methodi- cal a man as the Emperor would take in resuming every detail of his business or his studies when he came back just at the point where he left off, and so bright a boy as Louisa would feel in fighting his victorious battles over again with the leaden soldiers that he had last seon in disorder. But they have not come back, and will not, The Empress files secretly and in terror to meet them where they are prisoners, while tho republican ‘National Guard eat their meals in the great dining halls and drink the royal wine in the cellar, and a republican populace tears the imperial insignia from the chairs and railings that only the day before acknowledged the grand presence of Eugénie herself, With the sad fate of poor Carlotta fresh in our memories, what a dreadful sense of retri~ butive justice hangs over this great reverse! igo Strasbourg as a German Fortress. In view of the crushing victories of Prussia over France the fall of Strasbourg, heroically defended as it still is, seems to be inevitable. Once within the grasp of Prassia this re- nowned and first class place de guerre will not readily be relinquished, Capital of the de- partment of Bas-Rhin, and situated on the rivers Bruche and Ill—the latter being a tributary of the Rhine, into which it pours at the distance of about a mile—Strasbourg, or Strassburg, as its name must soon be spelt, numbers nearly a hundred thousand inhabit- ants. The city was founded during the reign of Augustus, in order to defend the frontiers of the Roman conquests. Taken by the bar- barlans and ravaged by Attila it fell into the hands of the Francs in the sixth century. After having been comprised in Austrasia it became a free city or republic, and remained such until the end of the seventeenth century. In 1681 Louis XIV. united it to France and made it one of the principal strongholds of his kingdom, Althoagh nearly two centuries have since elapsed {t still retains, in its aspect and in the manners and language of {ts in- habitants, the general characteristics of a German town. It stands on level ground, is nearly six miles in circult, and is surrounded by a wall, with bastions, ditches and out- works and a strong. citadel constructed by Vauban. It is entered by seven gates, lis arsenal is capable of containing an evormons amount of war materfals. It has a cannon foundry and a military hospital which can accommodate eighteen hundred patients, It has also a school of artillery and eight bar- racks large enough to lodge ten thousand soldiers. It boasts of numerous edifices of great architectural value. Of these the chief attrac- tion for tourists is the splendid cathedral in the midst of the city. This historical monu- ment was erected on the ruins of a church founded by Clovis and reconstructed by Char- lemagne. Originally built in 604, it was nearly destroyed by lightning in 1007. The present building was begun {n 1015 and com- pleted in 1439. Its length is three hundred and fifty-seven feet, the length of its transepts one hundred and forty feet, the breadth of its nave thirty-five feet and the helght of its -- ceiling seventy-nine feet. Its , front, richly adorned with sculptures, statues and bas-reliefa, rises to a height of two hundred and thirty feet aad has a circular window forty-eight feet in diameter. Its spire, four hundred ond sixty-six feet high, is the loftiest in the world. The grand pyramid of Egyptis only six feet higher. Its interior offers among its many marvels superbly colored glass windows, stately columns, the organs of Silberman, its unique astronomical clock, a baptistry of the fifteenth century, the tomb of Conrad, the pulpit of Jean Hammerer, several fine paintings by old masters and a number of curious chapels, During the actual slege It is reported that this magnificent cathedral has been serlously injured. A despatch dated Carlsruhe, September 8, states that on the day previous the collars of Strasbourg had been inundated by the rising of the river Rhine, causing great suffering and destruction, A despatch from Mundelsheim, September 2, alludes to a savage artillery duel between the beslegers and the besieged at Strasbourg early that morning and to an ineffectual sortie of the French, adding that the second parallel of the siege is nearly fliaished. The fall of Stras- bourg, we repeat, seems now to be inevitable, ‘And as this great stronghold has been a most important base of operations and a most con- venient outlet for a French invasion of Ger many, so it will be almost impregnable as a German fortress against such an invasion in future. In faot, if Strasbourg shall thus be- come a German fortress, and if Alsace and Lor- raine shall be wrested from Frano», the French will lose for a long time, if not forever. their. ouly defensible frontier on the Rhine, Mayor Hatt yesterday received a despatch from the Prefect of Paria announcing the pro- clamation of the Freneh reoublic, His Honor,