The New York Herald Newspaper, August 19, 1870, Page 6

& NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET, JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR, All busitess or news letter and telegraphic despatches must be addressed New York Herarp. Letters and packages should be properly sealed. Rejected communications will turned. not be re- THE DAILY HERALD, published every day in the gear. Four cents per copy. Annual subscription price $12. THE V ‘/KLY HERALD, every Saturday, at Five CENTS per copy. Annual subscription pric One COPY..... 2... cerreeecereee Three Copies Five Copies. . Ten Copies....... AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. GRAND OPERA HOUSB, corner ot Eighth avenue and 2d 4. —Sitala—Tae Nations, BOOTH’S THEATRE, 28d st., becweea Sih ana én avs.— Bir Vay WINKLE. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway Duas’s Morro. WOOD'S MUSEUM AND MENAGSRIZ, 8 ner Thirneth st,—Performances ever ~Tux Deawa oy Tut WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway ant Uth sireet.— Prors, Oug CousiN GERMAN. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery. MRT Vassar’ Ewreerars- TONY PASTOR'S OPERA Ht muna EN TERT ALENT —CoM! B. Wl Bowery.—V a ALL IM O. THRATRE © im, Nano A: MIQUE, miway —COMtG Vocat- Ts, &e. CENTRAL PARK GARDE! ay, decwawn 58th aad Wh as. —Tunovess Masad ULAR CoNUERES, TERRACE GARDEN, Mity-eighth street and Third ave nue —GhanD Voda aap CeyrkoMe ral CONCERT. a7 LEEDS ART and $19 Broadway. — Sxuupirron ut NEW YORK MUSEUM Of ANATOMY. 513 Broadway.— SCIRNGR AND An. DR. KABN’S ANATOMIC Soignok aNnD anr. USEUM, 145 Broadway. — TRIPLE SHEET. New York, Friday, August 19, 1870. CONTENTS OF TO-DAY'S HERALD, Pac. 1—Advertisements, 2—Advertusements. 3—The Wai vere Fighting from Monday to 3 oh and Prussian Accounts of Bawez; Clams and Counter Claims of The Engagements before Metz; Bazal Account of the Actton ch Reports of Heavy ussian Victory Over Four ie French Reverses “Fully ngageinent I the Baltic; quadron Ketires from the oh iron-clads; Ireland Jubilant Over French Vic- vorles. 4—Europe: Special Despatches by Mail to August ‘ugland’s Position Towards Belgium and the gerents; ‘The Neutrality of Belgium—Coal and Other Contrabands; Irish Agitation and Popular Ferment. S—Europe (Continued from Fourth Page)—The Englisu Turf: Racing During a Week—Seot- tish Games—Old World News—'rhe Fine Arts: The Paris Watering ‘ew York City News—Chinese Art, Progress and Public Curtosit: Galleries as Affected by the Place Notes. Household Servants. 6—Editoriais: Leading A le on Napoleon's Difficulties and Di , England Offers a Chance of Escape Savans of 1870— Amusement. Announcements. 7—Telegraphic News from all Paris of the Worla— The President at Long Branch—News irom Washington—Yachting: One of the Finest Races of this Season—Frightful Stabbing Atfray—Business Notices S—Another Chapter of E Shadow of a Great Strategic Movement—New York City and Brooklyn hat ee pregir eg she the Dock Com- missioners—The Late Mr. Cobb, of Morristown, N. J.—Alleged Outrage at Trenton, N. J.—Jer: sey Jail Birds on the Wing—The Odd Fellows: Third and Last Day of the Session of the Grand Lodge of th ave of New York—Vir- ginia—Commisstone! sonal Intelligence— Westchester—Real Island City Pest Hole dents in Newark—The Ninth Regiment - campment—Another Alleged Swindier in Jer- sey—Prooklyn City News—Police Discipiime— Old Swindling Game—A Female Burglar on Emigratlou—Per- is Matters—Crime in tate Matters—A Long rious Railroad Acci- aten Island. 9—Political Inteliigence—Home From Rome— Financial and Comm jal Reports—The Eng: ssion—A Gi ges and Deaths. pe War (Continued from Third Page)—The Saratoga Races—The Norwalk Disaster—Ship- ping Inteliigence—Advertisements. 11—Gambling in New York: Ten Grades in Metro- politan Games of Cha ; The Tendency of Playin; and How it is st Becoming a Na- tional Misfortune—A Gypsy ‘Trick—Serions Dom 42-<‘Something Sensational” Spotied—A Myste- rk 1's Falis Elopement—mar- 10— ry or Work IN Parts.—There is a number of idlers and loafers in Paris is than there has been since All the stragglers are being looked after and put to work on the fortifications, The gay Parisians have been asking for some such sensation for a long time, and now they have it, and they ought to be happy. Tue Camprta has won another -victory, de- feating the Idler in a race of twenty miles to windward and return for a prize cup valued at fifty guineas. She deserves congratula- tion, for the Idler is one of the fleetest schoon- the New York Yacht Club, and the slisuman has not heretofore been so ssful as the etanch sailing qualities of his vessel gave him a right to expect. ers in gallant suc THe ADVANCEMENT OF ScreNoK.—While war absorbs public attention it cannot be for- gotten that war itself is indebted to science for those marvellons modern improvements in the engines of destruction which have revolution- ized tactics if not strategy. It is gratifying to be reminded by the nineteenth annual meet- ing ot Troy of the Association for the Ad- vancement of Science that the arts of peace, as well as the arts of war, retain their interest for the scientific mind. Our American sa- vants, at least, can meet quietly to discuss Joss irritating topics than questions relating to the Franco-Prussian war. Takina THE Risgk.—It will be seen by our desputches that the French cruisers have cap- tured ao English vessel bound for Prussian ports and Jaden with all sorts of contraband of war. Tho captain of this enterprising craft, when questioned as to his{utentions, doughtily answered that he had felt assured that a revo- Fution Would soon break out in France, and had determined ‘‘to ran the risk.” From all ac- counts there are several captains and leaders, in far higher command than this spunky son of Neptuue, who are “running the risk” and ‘‘tak- ing the chances” still more blindly at this present writing, and on @ far more troubled sea, fuller of rocks, shoals and quicksands, than the Ger- man Ocean. They carry a cargo of ambition and evil passion aboord that, if not contraband among the nations, at least ought to be so pro- claimed and eo considered by them all. | forces ‘of the enemy. NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, AUGUST 19, 1870—TRIPLE SHEEN, Napoleems Difficulties Dangere—Eng- land Offers a Chance of Escape. England has offered to the Freach Emperor @ way of escape from the difficulties and dangers which threaten his overthrow and ex- pulsion, and the re-establishment of the re- public in the further prosecution of this war, England’s proposition is simply a treaty of peace. Napoleon intimates through Lord Lyons that he is ready to bury the hatchet, but King William replies to the special mes- senger of Queen Victoria that if France wants peace she must ask an armistice in the usual way, or leave the issue to the arbitrament of war. This reduces Napoleon, then, to the war or an armistice, and while by war his empire may be lost, through an armistice the empire and his dynasty may yet be saved. It is pro- bable, too, that with very little urging on the part of her Britannic Majesty the Emperor will be persuaded even to an armistice. Why not? Excepting a suspension of hos- tilities with a treaty of peace, what alternative of safety is offered to Napoleon? With the presence of the Prussian invading army in front of Paris ‘‘the republic” is threatened, and from present appearances this in- vading army will not be arrested till in front of the walls of Paris. Stout old King William, over the most formida- ble obstacles of the most difficult line of approach from her Eastern frontier, has passed into the heart of France. Through a network of fortified cities and towas, over mountain ranges and difficult rivers, fighting and routing at every step the flower of the French army, its best generals and its best sol- diers, the massive columns of the German Confederation have maintained their resistless advance towards the French capital. Com- pared with the natural and artificial obstruc- tions they have passed the obstacles which lie between them and Paris are comparatively in- significant. They have shown that against an invading army, powerful enough to protect it- self in the open field, front, flanks and rear, detached fortified towns and cities, mountain defiles and river crossings are no impedi- ments; that all such obstructions may be swallowed up in the general advance. It fol- lows, then, that, having driven the French army from the strongest defensive lines which lie between the French Rhine border and Paris, there is nothing that can arrest the advancing German columns except a more stubborn and effective resistance in the open field than any resistance they have so far en- countered. The invading army of the Germans is re- ported as exceeding in numbers half a million of men; that each of the powerful and expan- sive wings of the Crown Prince and Prince Frederick Charles numbers two hundred and fifty thousand men, and that the veteran Stein- metz, who appears to be a second edition of Blucher, holds in the centre a chosen body of nearly ’@ hundred thousand men. Nor is this all; for it further appears that a second Ger- man army, one hundred and fifty thousand strong, is following King William’s to protect his rear and his communications, &c. This German campaign, therefore, in France dwarfs the most imposing campaigus of the First Napoleon; for even the mighty army with which he marched into Russia, French and Germans, hardly numbered, all told, four hundred thousand men. In half a dozen or more of the recent battles, from Woerth to the line of the Moselle, it would appear from the reports received that the Prussian force alone has exceeded in numbers the strength of all the three armies engaged in the battle of Waterloo. The great mistake of Napoleon, then, it would appear, in entering upon this war was in his calculations concerning the German army he would have to meet in the field. He evidently supposed that a fight- ing French force of two hundred and fifty thousand men would be sufficient for all the requirements of a short triumphant cam- paign to Berlin; and under this erroneous calculation he advanced to the Prussian fron- tier and opened the ball in the little deceptive affair of Saarbruck. We say deceptive, for only a few days al "it the rejoicings of Paris were changed into a panic with the news of the defeat of MacMahon by the overwhelming By one-half Napoleoii’s estimates have fallen short of the actual Ger- man army to be overcome. Can he now repair this blunder? Can he even repair his losses with his new levies of raw troops? The odds are heavily against him. He can hardly recover bis strength short of a retreat with his disabled army to Paris. In the stubborn- ness of despair the tide of battle may, perhaps, be turned; but this alternative involves all the hazards of a crushing defeat. The only perfectly safe alternative of Napo- leon in the crisis, as it appears to us, is the armistice suggested by King William and a treaty of peace. This will give the Emperor the strong hand over Paris, through his still powerful and loyal army, and then, through a conference of the great Powers, which Prussia ean hardly deny, looking to the general inte- rests of peace. France, under the empire, may be, regularly acknowledged by all the great Powers, and still be maintained intact. Eng- land, Russia and Austria have only to unite in saying that there must be peace, and there will be peace; for has not Prussia already amply vindicated her rights and the rights of the German Fatherland? and has not Napo- lion had enough of war to satisfy him that “empire is peace ?” GAMBI —Onr article in another column entitled ‘‘Gambling in New York” will attract the attention of the business men, and pos- sibly of the home circles of our city. How far or how deep the ramifications of this nefa- rious trade extend is unknown; but some idea of its extent may be gathered from the facts in our article. What is the cure for it? The police are bought off by the wealthier “hells,” the vice itself is supported by too many of our prominent men, and anti-gambling societies prove to be as arrant swindlers as the gamblers themselves. Moral suasion seems to be the only cure for the passion for gambling, and public enlightenment seems to be the only remaining mode of abolishing the damnable vice that now flaunts gorgeously in our most splendid palaces. ADVICE ‘10 THE SUPERINTENDENT OF Po- Lice. —‘‘Dive lower” in order to obtain a solu- tion of the Nathan murder mystery. The Attitude ef Belgium. While the intense war enthusiasm of France and the determined spirit of the Germans are commented on in all quarters, nearly every one seems to overlook the gallant front which little a makes on both lines of her boundary ering on the territories of the two great belllgerdkls “how eda i ‘the deaalock close beside her. Yet the attitude of this minor Power Is worthy of admiration. At the first note of war she instantly began to set her house in order, and to-day would offer a stout, and it might be successful, resistance to either French or Prussian aggression. Her Ministry of War, which is one of the ablest and most active in Europe, has been at work incessantly since the earliest intimation of danger reached it, and it has already between eighty and ninety thousand men on foot, fully equipped, well drilled soldiers, admirably armed with the famous Albini rifle, which Bel- gian military authorities claim to be better than either the Chassepot or the needle gun. The metallic cartridge used with it is consid- ered quite equal to anything that the Germans, French or English possess. The Belgian mili- tary law requires the men drafted for infantry service to remain two years with the flag, after which they are incorporated into militia bat- talions and may be called on at any time for a month's practice in each year, or for permanent service in case of national emergency. The mobilization thus provided for is exactly what has taken place, and the contingent that has been practising during the present year, when about to disperse to their homes, were recalled and are now regularly in the ranks of the national army. The class of 1863 has been summoned to the same service, and has come forward with alacrity. In fact, there seems to be no difficulty whatever in obtaining men, and volunteers have applied beyond the requirements of the occasion. Be- hind the army thus arrayed already stands the Civic Guard, which is quite available, if needs be, and numbers seventy- five thousand men. The total would thus exceed one hundred and fifty thousand and form a handsome exhibit for a nation that claims but little more than five million souls. At first the intrenched camp of Beverloo was the point of concentration, but, although the latter is a place within good striking distance of the frontiers, it is not considered strategi- cally strong, and other dispositions are in pro- gress. The bulk of the Belgian forces has been withdrawn from all the exposed positions, and engineering corps are stationed on both the French and Prussian frontiers ready to break railroad communication at a given signal. In their overzeal one of these parties destroyod a magnificent bridge on the railway leading into France, near Bezieux, and apology had to be made to the imperial government. Verviers, teo, is very carefully watched, although the Belgians seem, at present, to be more afraid of Prussian than of French in- vasion. A corps of twenty thousand men has been thrown into Antwerp, which, contrary to opinions that have seemed to prevail, is mag- nificently fortified, and is one of the very strongest points in Europe. General Brial- mont, whose reputation has given him rank as an engineer little, if at all, inferior to the Russian Todleben, has exhausted the re- sources of modern skill upon it, and with its thirty-six foot walls and immense ditches, combined with the facility of flooding the adja- cent country for miles, it would be a hard nut to crack for any force in the world, particu- larly were the fortress aided by a friendly fleet of iron-clad steamers. General Eenens, a first class officer in every respect, has chief command of Antwerp, with Brialmont for chief of staff, and General Chazal is at the head of all the Belgian forces, which are in admirable readiness for active operations. It is gratifying to the neutral outside lovers of peace to see this minor Power, which is so cleverly and tranquilly governed, and so teems with delicate as well as sterling industries, thus manfully maintaining an independent, self-reliant position. Her attitude gives her important influence, and, if assailed, she will have hosts of Sri ~ The Corps Legislatit. The stormy scenes occasioned in the Corps Législatif by the proposal to convert that body into a Committee of Public Safety have been followed by a lull, The deputies within the hall, as well as the great crowds around, seem to be waiting more or less patiently ‘‘to hear the news.” But Count de Palikao is chary of news. In the course of the last session the new Minister of War said that the Chamber would understand that he could not give pre- cise details as to the number of troops engaged, the casualties, &c. He could not even state the result of the engagements, ‘‘but,” he added, “I may say that the enemy has made an ineffectual attempt to capture Pfalsburg and lost fifteen hundred men killed. This re- pulse has had a great effect both on the enemy and the people of that part of France.” Count de Palikao closed his speech with a promise that the moment government has information of the great movements now taking place he will comnurunicate it, The reticence of the Minister of War leaves room for the inference that he had no cheering news to give of a de- cisive victory of French arms. After he with- drew Jules Favre requested that the utmost severity be shown to ‘‘the riotera and assassins of Villette.” This shows conclusively that the French republican party disclaims all sympathy with such brigands. Toa suggestion by M. Thiers, that in case of a siege of Paris the pea- sants should be allowed to enter the city with their grain and cattle, and that the State should reimburse them for their property, Minister Duvernois replied that the government in- tended to fully provision Paris. M. Thiers also recommendod that the Chambers should now meet daily—a suggestion which indicates the very critical circumstances in which the legislators of France are holding their sessions. Mr. Freuincuvysts has formally declined the mission to England in a letter which we publish elsewhere. Senator Howe, of Wiscon- sin, is a gentleman who would fill the position with great credit to the country, and would probably accept it if nominated. It is of course easy for President Grant to find many persons who would accept, but he will not find many who would bring to the position more capability and more Americanism than Senator Howe, evidently, to invest in the loan. hold their money with a tighter grip than the Germans, and however their patriotism may boil over they will rather invest in the safe and well paying securities of the United States. But why did not the Prussian government try @ popular loan in small sums, as Napoleon did in France on several occasions with great suc- cess? The amount ofa hundred and twenty millions of thalera or three or four times that sum ought to be raised in this way easy enough if the Germans are as patriotic or have as much confidence in their government as the French. the close-fisted and calculating German capi- talists do not like the form of the loan and the way in which it is put. in the war with both the belligerents and the stupendous cost of carrying on such a gigantic struggle peace at no distant day. war continue long, come the most terrible crash and suffering and such a flood of paper money as Europe has rarely seen. general in Europe almost every nation there would be bankrupt. England, France, Russia, Austria, Italy, Spain and Prussia amount to near twelve thousand millions of dollars. That of England is about a third of the whole, or near four thousand millions of dollars; that of France noar three thousand millions of dollars; of Russia over twelve hundred millions; of Austria over thir- teen hundred millions; of Italy near eleven hundred millions; of Spain over eight hundred slaughter with no more concern than if they were so many cattle, and the masses have to pay the cost by their labor, The people of Europe are kept with their noses to the grind- stone and in wretched poverty to pay for the wars of their ambitious rulers, Cannot last much longer in this enlightened age. revolution ia silently at work, and whenever it is ripe these enormous monarchical debts The War in View of the National Debts of Europe. Tt is evident from what we learn of the financial embarrassments rapidly springing up in France, and the difficulty of the Prussian government to raise a loan among capitalists of a hundred and twenty millions of thalers, that mone; still constitutes the sinews of war, and that the money difficulties may yet toad to an early termination of the conflict. We have noticed heretofore the suspension of specie payments and the proposed issue of paper money in France; now we learn that only fifty millions of the Prussian loan had been taken. The loan amounts to about eighty millions of dollars of our money—a small sum, com- paratively, for a great nation—yet little more than about thirty-four millions in American money had been taken, although King William himself had subscribed for half a million and one German manufac- turer fora million, Capitalists are unwilling, No people We suspect, however, that In view of these financial difficulties so early there may be a chance of Should the however, there must If the war were to become The aggregate debts of millions; and of Prussia more than two hun- dred millions. Taking the debts of the other States of Germany the whole German indebt- edness would amount, probably, to near four hundred millions. Germany, then, as far as its debts are concerned, is in a more favora- ble situation than the other Powers, but still the cost of this stupendous war will try its financial capacity to the utmost. Looking at these overwhelming debts we can readily understand why England and the other Powers are anxious to prevent the war spreading and to see it closed as soon as possible. Twelve thonsand millions and upwards of debt has been created in Europe in dynastic wars and to gratify:the ambition of a few men and royal families. And how many millions of lives have been sacrificed for the same purpose? The flower of the people are used for the Surely this A day of reckoning must come. A may be swept away as were the debt and ancient institutions of France at the close of the last century. Reports of the Latest Battles. Our despatches from Berlin this morning give further details, from a Prussian point of view, regarding the recent battles near Metz. Generat Alvensleben, assisted by Prince Frederick Charles, attacked the French divi- sions retreating towards Verdun and drove them in upon Metz with heavy loss on both sides. Marshal Bazaine’s force was also driven in upon Metz, and the first corps of Prussians, under General Manteuffel, served another division in the same way. General Manteuffel, in telegraphing this fact to his government, says, “I write without waiting to remove my helmet,” which reminds one somewhat of a famous general's despatches during our own civil war. The despatches from Paris touching the same events do not positively deny the Prussian successes so far as attaining position is concerned, but claim heavier losses for the Prussians and anticipate a complete victory for the French ere long. A vast body of Prussians has been thrown back upon the Moselle; a victory is absolutely claimed over Prince Frederick Charles and General Stein- metz between Doncourt and Brouville, the Prussian force being repulsed along the whole line, and the consequent junction of Marshal Bazaine’s forces with those of MacMahon and Trochu is asssured. The in- vestment of Strasbourg is incomplete, and the place has been heavily reinforced, while the attack on Phalsbourg was unsuccessful. With all this, however, work on the fortifications at Paris is still going on with great energy; a concentration of the corps at Chalons, sixty- four miles nearer Paris, is hoped for as a con- summation devoutly to be wished, and the Emperor is reported at Rheims, a point as far westward from Metz as Chalons. These despatches are not positively contra- dictory, and if we may take the statements from both sides as true they show that the Prussians are still aggressive and the French armies are acting only on the defensive. Whatever victories the latter may have gained have resulted only in securing a retreat to- wards Paris, and when the pursuing army of King Wilhelm invests Paris the Napoleonic dynasty is gone, ‘The hour of the complete victory of France is near,” say the despatches from Paris, but the hour when one complete victory will save France is gone. There must be a series of rapid and overwhelming victories very soon or the three German armies already in the heart of the empire will campel a peace on their own terms, pledged by her guarantee to Belgium, fearful Eurepean Despatches by Mall. The special correspondence by mail from Europe which appears in our columns to-day continues our narrative of the progress of events in the Old World to the 6th of August. The letters which we publish do not refer particularly to war events in the field as between France and Prussia. Our writers apply themselves more immediately to a consideration of the probable consequences of the conflict which is now raging between these Powers, the present position of England as a neutral, her code of neutrality as it was interpreted and observed during the Ameri- can war, and the agitation which is just now existing among her own subjects and the sur- rounding populations. Belgian neutrality, the questions of coal and other war contrabands and the neutrality of Luxembourg have been all elicited and presented to the British Cabinet for consideration, if not for positive action thereon. Hampered by the recorded facts of her “belligerent recognition” of the American rebellion and by those connected with the escape of the Alabama Great Britain now suffers the fruits of her diplomatic duplicity during our struggle for national existence here. She suffers in fear and trembling. She is of France, doubtful of Prussia, and compelled to outstep a really independent neutrality by @ costly maintenance of her huge navy at a standard of force which almost exceeds that of actual war. The people grumble at all this. A powerful democratic groundswell is getting up all over the country. It will gain force as it aggregates to a roll—crescit eundo—which will sweep to Mr. Gladstone's feet. It may surge around the steps of the throne. Ireland remained agitated. British finances were troubled. No one could pre- tend to say when a great political crisis would occur in Britain, but few doubted its approach. The war convulsion between France and Prus- sia is certain to produce the most serious con- sequences to both of these nations immedi- ately. The European peoples know that these effects cannot be confined by territorial bounda- ries. So they are fevering for political change, but as yet unconscious of what form it may assume, Wendell Phillips and Hts New Agitation. The irrepressible Wendell Phillips has con- cluded to let Cuffy slide, and has undertaken to create a new agitation, in the shape of an intensified anti-rum movement. A convention having this object in view assembled in Boston a day or two ago, and, among a number of stringent resolutions against the liquor traffic, adopted the following :— Resolved, That there can be no greater peril than party competition lor the liquor vote; that any party not openly opposed to the trafic must engage in this competition, must court the favor of the crimi- nal classes, must barter the pablic morals, the purit; of the ballot and every object of good governmen for par ty success. Resolved, That this corrupt competition must be coexistent with the life and Ne sipeenp power of the trafic; that an lasue against their existence ls, there- fore, the only remedy, and that no such issue can be made without independent political action. Resolved, therefore, That the organization of an wae rennee political party 18 an inevitable ne- cessity, Thus has the flag of the prohibitionists been flung to the breeze, and the old abolition rally- ing cries will no doubt be soon heard through- out the country. With Wendell Phillips and his bellowing cohorts enlisted in this new agi- tation we may expect a stirring campaign, not only the coming fall, but for years to come, until, perhaps, like the climax of abolitionism, its force shall be felt, not physically, but morally, all over the land. Such agitators as Wendell Phillips can never rest in quiet so long as an opportunity for the exercise of their fanatical views can be secured. Therefore we may anticipate a hot anti-rum war, which, in intensity, will scarcely find a purallel since the old anti-slavery excitement of years gone by. The fight will commence in Massachusetts, Phillips being already nominated as the pro- hibition candidate for Governor, and a pro- gramme for the campaign is already mapped out. ANOTHER SUGGESTION TO THE DETECTIVES. — If the report be true that the instrument with which Nathan was killed has been traced to a certain locality are the detectives on the alert to ascertain its subsequent history? Aastrian Neutrality. Some of the Paris papers, as our latest advices show, are bitterly complaining of Austrian neutrality at a moment when, as they suggest, Franz Joseph with one hundred thou- sand men might avenge the defeat of Sadowa. Is not this expecting too much of one hundred thousand Austrians, when three hundred thou- sand of the most dashing troops in the world— the French legions of MacMahon and Bazaine— including the renowned Zouaves and Algerian Turcos, have been compelled to retire before the heavy battalions of King William? The Austrian Emperor {s a sensible ruler, and his righthand man, Von Beust, is every inch a statesman. Last winter one of the imperial princes of Austria visited Paris, and, by re- quest, made a very keen examination of the French military status at that time. Whether or not he discovered the frauds which the Emperor Napoleon ILI. is now said to be find- ing out to his dismay, we are unable to state, but we do know that immediately after his return to Vienna he quietly slipped away to Berlin, and there have been no warlike anti- Prussian demonstrations since. Moreover, the Austrian empire has not yet emerged from the dangers of the recent Slavonic agitation. Hungary, Bohemia, &c., are but temporarily pacified, and looming up over the northern border is the grim figure of the Czar, the chosen and preferred head, in certain contin- gencies, of the Panslavonic movement. In fine, Austria has enough to think of and enough to do at home, and there are nine millions of Germans in her empire, living in the Prussian direction, whose ‘blood is thicker than water.” By maintaining the strictest neutrality Austria consults her own safety, checks Magenta and “Solferino off against Konigsgratz and Sadowa, and reserves the physical strength and moral weight that will enable her to interpose with effect at the right moment for peace, and so perform the noblest part of a truly great, en- lightened and Christian Power. Tuat Fara “Doa.”"—There fis a report around town that the fatal ‘‘dog” which is supposed to have inflicted the, horrible butch- ery upon the late Benjamin Nathan has been traced to the house of a notable auctioneer in this city. [sit true? & paper from Professor E. 8. Stages of Descina.” The most lucid and valuabie pa- per of the day was by Professor A. Winchell, in whicu he gave a topographical description of the aorthern Peninsula of Michigan, He said that tnis vast ter- ritory was covered with marshes, and that formerly ne seat THE SAVANS OF 1870. The State of Michigan in Science—Second Day's Transactions of the American Association for the Advancement of Scionce—Mag- netic Wells, Iron Ore and Oil-bearing. Limestone—Discussions of Physical and Metaphysical Problems. TROY, August 18, 1870. ‘The organization of the Association for the Ad- vancement of Science was completed yesterday at three P, M.—the Convention dividing into two sec- tons—Section A for the discussion of physics, and Section B for the discussion of natural history aud kindred subjects, Section A meet at the hall of the Female Seminary, Professor E. C. Pickering, of Boa- ton, read @ paper on the “Dispersion and the Possibil- ity of attaining Perfect Achromatism,”’ and was fol- lowed by ProfessorAlired M. Mayer, with a valuable and exceedingly luminous paper on researches tn electro-magnetism. Professor Mayer's views and in- vestigations were received with the utmost enthu. siasm. Professor Winchell and Mr. E. Loomis, Pro- feasor of Natural History, then followed with discus- sions of astronomical questions. In section “B” the proceedings were continued by Morse, on the “Early these spots were the situations of iniand lakes. He said that he had discovered tne remains of masto- dons and elephants at a depth of leas than three feet below the surface. AU half feet he had also found like remains, and this on a_ peaty sand and loam. Seven feet below the surface a Mint arrow head had also been found, and the inference, @ depth of two and a soil, intermingled with tnerefore, was that this arrow head had been three times longer in the soll than the mastodon. Pro- fessor Winchell then described at length the vast mineral resources of the upper peninsular, the large deposits of pig iron ore and the high value of this mineral for commerce. Professor Winchell sald it ‘Was the finest ore in that wealthy mineral region. The Pacific Railroad, he said, would pierce this track with one of its branches, and that this very ore could be used as ballast for the road. This limestone 150 feet feet high, and the remains of an- cient outlet of Lake Supertor could be seen in the vicinity, He also referred to glacier action in the excavation he described. All through the wonder- ful country there was plenty of productive meadow land. The Professor made every one hungry by a description of the speckled trout, large and fay track was walled in by bluffs of found in the adjoining waters. He had known sixty pounds of trout to be caught in one hour, the largest measuring nineteen and a half inches in length and twelve inches around the body. Mr. Hall, State Geologist, then rose to controvert’ the position of Professor Winchell upon the Masto- lon, and a discussion ensued in which nothing was proved. Mr. Edward D. Cope followed, “‘On the Homologtes: of the Cranial Bones of the Primary Types of Rep- tiles.” He entered into the phystology of Decyno- dons and ichthrosauri, and thougn no doubt learned his Investigations partook too much of technicality and tedious details to be interesting to the general listener. This paper concluded the labors of the day. PERSONNEL OF THR CONVENTION. From what can be observed thus far there appears a Jack of eficient organization in the assoctation. [do not refer to the personnel, which is certainly as dis- tinguished as that of any body in the Union, but vo the soctety’s means for accomplishing ends. Tho question 1s, what will the assoclation accomplish after a protracted meeting, in whtoh every subject connected with modern science is discussed Let us look at the members themselves. They may be divided into five classes. he First Class consists of accte, profound and professionel scientists, of which Professor Agassiz, ', Sterry Hunt and 8. 8. Haldeman are representa- tive examples. Tuey are authors. The Second Class is comprised of ' professors of col- leges, oMcial geologists and men with museums of nataral history, who generally confine their re- searches to books and cabinet collections. ‘They can be distinguished from the first in that the first are tra~ vellers, explorers aud men relying upon personal observation. The Third Class comprise the amateur scientists, gentlemen of means and scientific tastes. Their connection with the association is generally of long years: and the advocates of no pet theories, they often make discoveries of vast value, both in a phy- sical and metaphysical view. Though I place them third, they are by no means inferior to the first. Fourth Class embraces what is contained under the reproachful adjective ‘‘ progressive.’” ‘They are free in their convictions, ana otten are out- spoken Spiritualists. In most apse they are ad- mirable in theory and deal with questions without ‘the presence of actual demonstration. 4th Class, and last, shall he named the clergy. Certainly none who wear the vestments of religion favor any views that conflict with tne Bible; and yet, with these five classes, the clergy has never been a thorn. Otherwise, it is true that their presence here checks an irresponsible assertion that might proceed from infidelity, and annihilates all theories based upon a gloomy mysticism. ‘These several elements of the association investl- gate subjects without limit in their profundity and application, and read papers, the result of patient research and labo! thought; and when the con- vention adjoutns thé papers are printed as transac~ and wre soon forgotten. ‘This is all there 1s to thé American Association for the Advancement of Science. Now, where is the radical wrong? It can be found in ics constitution. There is no provision fora united expression or for any official manaate of the convention; and as forthe determination of any question in issue, it might as well nave no cor- rate existence at all. The fact is, 1t 18 only a de- ting society; not wha’ it might be, with its intel- lect and scholarship—an organization whose edicts would be respected throughout the Union. The rican measures to give this body dignity would be, irst—To allow no papers to be rejected, modified or smothered by any committes. Second—To permit the widest range of inquiry, physical and metaphysical. ird—The reference of every paper to five of the ablest sclentists of the Conveniion for thelr report. Fourth—The discussion of this report in open con- vention. Fifth—The recognition of the principle attempted to be proved or its rejection. S'xth—At the end of the session a codified set of laws, embracing all the truths discovered by disqui- sition or discussion, and these laws to be published and pemanigared asthe scientific jurisprudence of America. It is only by a process of this nature that the con- yention can hope to leave permanent impress after its annual labors. There is much stuff and rabbish brought here, and every one has to auffer the infliction. This should be rejected and what ta really valuable be preserved. The actual necessity of a set of sclentific truths as the result of the labora of the Convention 1s not only necessary to its corpo- rate ity, but also as an exhibit or its scholar. ship. It would be a very casy matter, for instance, for the society to affirm by vote its opinion upon doubtful problems in natural. history, and tt would be received with respect; for the country is now overwhelmed by conflicting essays, one man matn- taining that the mastodon flourished about this city and another that this species did not. Chemistry, the most positive science, needs little oficial sup- port; bus electricity and aivers other branch sub- jects have no fixeaness in theory. Should the Con- vention adjourn without taking steps of the nature described, the 1b cannot have more tnflu- ence upon science than the harangues before the Liberal Club of New York. SEOOND DAY—MORNING SESSION, The association met this morning at the Court House at ten o'clock. Professor Hant presided, and a large amount of preliminary business was disposed of. At half-past ten the Convention adjourned and broke into sections, further divisions having been made. Mr. Hermann Vogel, an eminent RBD graper from Berlin, and belonging to the Royal Academy, was presented to the association, and made a neat speech, as follows:— Allow me to offer to you my heartfelt thanks for your kind reception, but please to excuse simultaneously my very im- Perfect Kaglish. ‘Trusted by the American Photographic As- foclation to attend the Photographic Convention at Cleve: land, Tam now three months in your land. I have seen this great and wonderful country from the Delaware to the Mississippi: river, from Luke Michigan to the St. Lawrence river, and I have seen fn this time a grand people, eminent io. industry and energetic in the de- Velopment of their resources. Jt ts a favor of the fates that I am so happy to attend the American Aasocia- Hon for the advancement of ‘science just before my de- parture to lsurope, to meet a union of scientise men, whose hames are not oon weil known in America, but also im Europe, and especially in Germany. Amerioa and Germany have been for wlong time In fatimate sclentifie connections ‘A great many of scientitic' Americans are going to Germany. Your performances are already estimated. by our Alexander yon Humboldt, while our German science and art are ackuow- ledged in America. I hope this connection between two re- Iated peoples will be more and more intimate in future. The ind reception you hare given to me Treurd n of ws an esti. mation of my own little scientific works, but as an acknowl- edgment of German science in ye Section A met at eleven o'clock, T. B. Huard in the chair, The first paper was by Professor B. Bs Rogers, on “Unpublished & xperiments of Professor W. B. Rogers on the Influence Exerted by the Pre- sence of Carbonic Acid in Gas on its Mluminating Power.” The paper showed the destructive effect of atmospheric atr and carbonic acid gas upon the illuminating power of flame. A discussion now To! Jowed, pariicipated in by Professors Parker, Tiiman and Hilgard. The association is ‘now In good cunning order; but the sensation pagers lave nok, yet been wrongitt rarward,