The New York Herald Newspaper, March 14, 1870, Page 8

8 cane eccemnae ills ~ eA OE neat OT Aon erent alltel a MIGRATION. The Exodus from Eurape and Where the Peopie Ga, 7 PAUPERISM IN THE OLD WORLD. THE POPULAR RUSH TO AMERIC The British Colonial Emigration e@ Failure. Walne of the Dmigration to the Wnited States. THE CASH REMITFED FROM AMERICA, Livenroon, Feb, 24, 1870. ‘ho longer J remain im Englaud the more I am Impressed with the wonderful reproductive capactty of the Anglo-Saxon race, avd its marvellous power Of development. These litte islands, from which half the civilized world has been drawing tts diood, bone, muscle and sinew for the past half eentury—from which a tide of emigration such a8 the world never saw has peen owing to ali parts of the carth—far from showing any signs of exhaus- tion, much lees of depiction, offer to-day @ larger surplus of unemployed iabor and perforce a larger percentage of tue eurigrajing classes than at any former period in their witole history. There can be found but one pertod in whien the number of em- grants offering can in apy way be compared with it, ‘viz., that embraced in the years 1852, 1853 and 1854, ‘The causes operating at that time were widely differ- ent, if uot wholly saomatous, to wit, the potato rot and famine m Ireland. Already—taliy wirty days mm advance of former years—every county, shire, township, village and hamiet in the kingdom 1s con- gributing its qaota of, laborers to sweil the grand aggregate which will goon set forth from vhis and other seaports to the land of golden promise in the West, in my jost communptcation on this subject I lant before the readers,of the HekaLy @ statement of the number of paupers and unemployed in the several disiricts of London, Under such circnmstauces it is not surprising thas ‘the cry of emigration 15 heard throughout tue land, or that legislators opposed to such @ measure on national and politico-economeal grounds and aoxious to retain labor at home are striving to de- vise some other more beneficial, if less easy, mode of Indeed, the emuration question has sineo atch of my last letter, as I clearly foresaw it would, become the absorbing subject of discasston— far transcending in interest, a4 1t doea in impor. tance, in the estimation of the public, elther the Irish fand quesiion, tie educational question or vr Of the political questions of the day. is written or talked aboat, Batecui bono? No definite action has yet been come to, nor does it geem at all probable that any will be taken until after Parliament meets, when the whole subject, so far as State aid is concerned, will, iu all provabtilty, receive its coup degrace. iv is already painfully evi- ent to the prime movers m the matter that govern- ment will refuse to sanction any expenditure of pub- Ye money in the way of organized emigration, Of course British emigration, elsher with or without government support, is sought to be infuencea in one directrion—viz, to one or other of her rather numerous colo- colonies—and itscems quite natural, a8 the Siandard lately remarked, that a goverament which has con- ceived a policy of colonial dismemberment should be opposed to national emigratioa, And yet it seems equaliy eertain that uniess government does come to the relief of the pauper and poorer classes, to the extent at least of furnishing free passage to Austra Ma aud Canada, the accession of population in the colonial possessions fram this source during the present year will be very smali indeed. Apart from the teachings of experience, which are themselves suMciontly convincing, I am led to this belief by a consideration which to wy mind is Irresistible— labor tat 1s wortn baving is worth paying for. La- bor js like capital, of which indeed It ia only another form, and if lett to act volnntarily always seeks the best ficids for investment. Beyond a trifing ad- vance tn the amount of the appropr tations made in one or two or the more populous and better culti- vated colonial disiricts and a sight reduction ta the offset price of government, land the colonies now offer no wreater inducements to the sarplus labor of ¢ i Britain to emigrate thither thar they have done, and we all know what tueir past expe- rience has been. ‘The entire emigration to Australia and New Zalaud during 1864 consisted of but 12,000 persons, betog 1,657 less than during the previous year and the stnailest emigration since 1847; while vw New South Wales, Western Australia and Queens- land but 1,145 emigrants in @ll were carried in the gwaine year, aud of these but 159 paid full passage mouey. Contrast these figures with the number of British emigrants Who proceeded to the United St: tur: ing the same pertod, v! 156,582, equal to 7 of the whole emigration. To th rth American colo- mies the disparity 1s less stfixing, the number bound thither being set down in the oficial report Ob 21,062; but as four-fifths of these merely took Canada en rovte aud have pady found-their way into tho Union the result remains pretty much the same. Durtog tie first three months of 1869, out of an olnigration amounting to 4 26,900 shipped to the United eiates, whve but proceeded to ali tue colonics togeiher. In the face of such facts as these it wii need something more than yovernment sabsidies or pri- vate philanthropy to materially affect the volume of emigration to the colonies, “In short, the whole question ies between the jonies wad the em grants themecives. WM the colonies are in want of labor and have (he requisite advantages and faciifties wo Offer to the emlwrating classes, Wi they Wiil be able to secure a large number. ever, they have taken the proper tuiciative ete BuMulaced emigration tithe the Unilea States goverament and press tis pass rter of a& century, in vain 1 lor any great accession to former nub Then, aud not till then, cau they sensibly a the pre sent coudiiion of affairs, As tt is now, tie ery for colonial emigation proceeds mainly from those who have no idea of emigrating theuiseives, the emigrat- ing classes evidently preferring to follow in tae foot- ateps of the millions of thelr fellow countrymey and women whose experience under the Stars and Stripes of the republic, as dotaied in Weir Irequent Jevwwers to their friends at home, carry with them a Jouder and more convincing logic than aii the “bun- combe”’ speecnes and lofty platitudes of dilletame rofessors and college politicts Facts speak jouder than mere words, by whom3oever or Where- poever uttered. The figures will be found im the fojjowing table, specialiy prepared tor and as (iis ls their firat presentation tu this form they reo look wil) repay careful consideration, SOTAL EMIGRATION FROM TU UNITED KINGDOM FOR racn P THR FIFTY-FIVE YS. 1815 TO 1860, INCLUSIVE:— North | an | Years, | American Tobit, Colonies, | alent Avetralian United | Colonies Stave, nc sl 6,815) 147,088, word | vninea | Adstonta” Peary American) ini lonies | ciiher | Tost Potoniea, | Stiles | mand, 2taoem 0, 04) 209,801 1 Hien 204,089 16,505. 4, 166) 67) Ws 21, 082| 122091 6,922) 196.935 ~| "Treaiooel “ora onal oo, aar| “ae da “aps a0 6,156, returns do not record any emigration to Australia during these ten years, but It appears from other sources that there went out in V2i, U20; in 1S2u, 875; ta 1888, 643; in 15%, 720, and in 1825, 458’ persons. There numbers have nobbeem included in the toials of thia table, AVPRAGR ANNUAL EMIGEATION FROM UNITED KINGDOM. From 1815 to 1869... + 139.849 For the ten years ending 1309. 165,007. en ye Yeae8 HBO1, 1802, 1899 aad 184 were ‘those oF the Kraut An analysis of these figures proves that walle the average annual emigration from the United King- dom during tie foregoing period has been 122,549, and during the ten years endtag with 1869, 183,07, the emigration during the lutter year amounted to no less than 258, of which number 216,000 went’ to ports iu the United States. ‘his large accossion to the figures of former years was mainly owing to the increasea numbers of foreigners seeking passaye trom Briush porta, Since 1865 Britis emigration itself has considerably diminished, as the following table wit show ;,- Year. [ero str Irish. | Foreign.|ti 196... Fs.aa0| Tie,aer| 783 As. 1 Hees Hea 186), 12,870] 100,676|, 28,01: ‘1848, 12.907} 4#,880)" 26.691) ie Hee) sg] a) 1689. | ol —f_ 65,000) 28,009, INCREASE OF FORBIGN EMIGRATION FROM UAITISI PORTS. It will be seen that the foreygners, who jn 1863 formed ate three per cont of the entre emigration, amounted in 1868 aud 1869 to more than twenty-six per cont, These foreigners consist principally of Germans, Swedes, Danes, &¢., who are brought to Hull by means of through tickets issued by the agents of the several British steamsnip lines who are scattered all over Europe, From Hull they are avried by railroad to Liver whence they em- either, for New York or the St. Lawrence, ‘Their general destination is the Western States of the Union, wiere they have formed several populous and prosperous settiements. Certainly @ most remarkable feature of the emigration returns for 1868, 1f not of the whole emigration statistics for the past decade is furmmhed by the figures of the Swedish emigration. Previous to 1867 the emigra- tion from Sweden to the United States was compara- tively small. During a period of twenty years—viz. from is47 to 1867 inclusive-the entire nuinber of Swedes arriving in the United States was 26,565, Wluie in the year and a haif tollowing—viz., up to June 16, 1869—there arrived 28,949, or nearly 2,500 more than im the two previaus decades, affording one of the most marvellous instances of progressive emigration on record. DECREASE OF IRISH EMIGRATION, Another striking feature in the emigration returns: of the last 51x years prior to 1869 18 the marked de- crease, both absolutely and relatively, in the number ol Irwh emigrants, xcluding foreign emigrauts and those whose natlonality. is unstated the result for the game period has been as follows:-— her of Percentages MONEY PROM AMBRICA. As the remittances.Jrom America both in the shape of prepaid passages and. money, amounted In 1863 to £500,504, equitt to $2,750,000, nearly as much as in 1s87 and much more than in the preceding six years, it may safely be assumed that the falling off in tho pumber of Irish emigrants did not arise trom want 6i tivaus to pay passaves. [¢ more probably arose from the gradual maprovement in the condition of the people, white the excessive emigration of previ+ oua years could scarcely fail to effect. WHERE TRY GO, f It would be most mteresting i this convection to Note the respective districts tn which these large bouies of,labur were finally located and the inftaeace which they respectively exercised upon the labor market and production of such localiiies; but lack of space aud the absence of the necessary data for such compuation alike forbid the attempt, While tie tendency of foreign emigration, more particularly Seandinavian, Swedish, Norwegian and fanishi, has been to the Western States and largely to agri- cultural pursuits, the almost uniform direction of Insh emigration has been oer large cities of the Atlantic seaboard, How large & proportion of the kit. ter migitt be Induced to Continue on westward where xood homes and cheap lands are open to them uncer tue benelicent operation of the United States Home- stead law, 1t 18, of course, impossibie to determi: bat undoubtediy it would be very considerabie were the necessary steps taken by the goveryinent co- operating with tue New York and other State boards, WHAT THEY ACCOMPLISH. ‘The best evidence of what wight be accomplished, both for the emigrant and the country im this way, 18 furnished by the Nguresa, which ilasirate the march of improvethent in the eight great fovd producing States of the West during the last decade. [The btates here referred to are Obto, Uhnols, Indlaua, soon” Wisconsin, Minnesota, lowa and Mis- souri. Between tne years 1850 and 1860 the population of these elgnt States increased from 6,403,506 to $,007,800, an accession of 3,504,095, more than sixty percent of Whom were Europeans. ‘This influx of population increased the quantity of improved jand within these States irom 20,680,361 to 53,826,305 acres, an increase equal to nearly the whole arable area of England, estimated at 28,000,000 acres. These figures, of & material growth, due almost wholiy to emigration, are suticiently starting, put they by no means represent the vital features of the marvellous exhibit. We find on ivestigattug the subject further that during the same period (1450-60) the cereal product of the same district of ‘couutry increased from 909,950,285 bushels to 653,160,323 bushe's, which 19 itself gredter than the whole cerea! product of Eng- land, and nearly equal to thator France. The num- “ver of swine was increased from eight and # huif Millions to upwards of eleven millions, and cattle mm like proportion. in adattion to this vast merease of agricultural and other products from this enlarged area brought under cultivation, we find that the assessed value of the real and personal property of these States was augmented from $1,116,000,000 in 1852, to $3,926,000,000 1m 1860, showing an increase of $2,810,000, 000, WHAT 18 COMING. By & careful analysis oi the foregoing figures some faint conception may be formed of the tature that awatts the United States in the settlement and de- velopment of the vast domain opening up to Saxon and Celtic emigration m the great and fertile West, I, for. instance, to reproduce the argument advanced py the writer in the discussion of ie sub- ject before Congress in 1863, under the operation of the Homestead law, there should be occupied and cnitivated during the next ten years but 100,000 addi- nonal farms by retters, or Ouly 10,000 per annum, le would make an tggregate of 16,000,000 of acres, if, ineinding houses, fences, barns and other im- provements, wo should value each of these farms at $10 per ucre, 1t would make an aggregate of $160,000,000: but if we add the product of these farms, allowing only one-half of each (80 acres) to be cultivated, and the average annual value of the crops, stock Included, to be ouly $10 per acre, the resuit of this annual settlement and labor would yield $50,000,000 @ year, aud in ten years $500,060,000 (nearly one-third the amount of the national debt), independent of tie retwvestment of capital. It 1a clear, also, that thus vast additional employment would be given to labor, freigtt to steamers, ratl- Toads and canals, markets for manufactures, aug- mented revenue, &6., How the Amovg the skilled Labor, Nationalitic Are Represented Emigranwesiitied und Une LIVERPOOL, Feb. 25, 1870, ‘The considerations advanced at the close of my last ietter on emigration are of such @ neture as may, Well startle even those among the readers of the Herald who are accustomed to note the infux and distribution of this wonderful stream of humanity, but the pressure of what yet lays before forbids ne purwming them to greater lengib at pre- sent. A further analysis of the report and returns for the past year shows that of the tote! number of emigrants to the United Statos 03,744 were males, aud 61,788 females, divided as follows: — irish 662 Foreign . +41,787 Knglisn . 40,365, Scotel. «+ 10,463 Of the adult males 16,123 were.married, and of the females 14,678, and of the entire number 12,760 were male and 11,158 female children, and 6,508 infants, Tho industrial capacity of the emigration for the past year affords au interestiug feild of Inquiry, Of the occupations of those emigrating to the United States, as would reasonably be expected, those of the nnskitied laborer very largely predominate. Of general laborers the namber was 45,228; of female domestics and farm servants, 6,157, and of miners and quarrymen, 5,965, Farmers and carpenters and jomers are the next most important branch of in- dustry represented, numbering respectively 4,956 and 2,341. On the whole, the proportion of #Killéd to un- skied labor is about as one to five, Among for- eigners proceeding through British ports the propor- tion of skied aod unskilled labor is more evenly balanced. The most noteworthy feature in this re- turn {is the increase in the number returned as “miners and quarrymen,’? which is fully one-tnird more than fm the previous year, A large number of these were Germans or Swedes. There was also a somewhat larger percentage than usual of childrea under twelve years of age. PORTS OF HMBARKATION. Og all Buropean porta from winch emigrants pro- ceed to the United states, as is weil known to every One al ali conversant with the gaubject, tis (Lives. pool) stands fice princens, ‘This 1s the great head quarters ef the si whip Inverest and of the lines of eteam and sailing packet plying to American Lad Tn American trade has made Liverpool phe 1s to-cay—the largest port in the kingdom, By means of the adinirable system of agencies estab. lished throughout reat Briain and Lhe Continent she may be said to almost monopolize the emigrant carrying trade of Wie United States, Of the 105,582 souls leaving the United Kingdom for she United States In 1863 [Owing to an informality in making the returns for 1869 | am unable to furaish the figures for that year.) 109,000, or upwards of two- thiras, sailed from Liverpool alone. If tho number (25,424) embarked at Queenstown, which should roperly be credited to Liver are added, we Pave a total of 184,024, more than four-fifths of the entire emigration, shipped from tis port. Glasgow stands next, sending 7,100, Londonderry 7,957, and London 3,616. Aggregated according to the three divisions of the Kingdom, they stand thus: From Knagiand, includiag Queenstown + 112,791 From ireiand , oe 83,681 From Scotland, tq 97160 sa ihopeenen: LAD OSS NG VESSELS CONTRASTED. for obytons reasons daring the past five years steam transit to the Unitedsstates Nas riaen-rapidly in pubiictavor. Few of your, read- erg will be prepared to learu that of the 176,604 who shipped across the Atlantic ia 1468, 164,513, or nearly ninety-four per cent took passage 10 steamships, and Only 12,081 In galling craft, Less than ten,years 220 the case stood very differently. Even as late as 1863 a majority of the emigrants went in galling vessels. Since tuat dage, ‘however, the number of those hag rapidly decreased, and the popularity of the more sale and speedy means of transit correspondingly in- creased, as ia shown by the following TABLE, In 1863 it was o+eeee045.85 per cent Tn 1864 tt was, 55 per cent Im 1866 tt was, 73.60 per cent To 1886 it was. +8116 per cent Tu 1867 tt was,. -92.86 per cent In 1866 it was, . .93.16 per cent in 1860 it was... 94.25 per cent ‘The shorter voyage, better discipline, greater ac- commodation and increased comfort of the steam Ines wtil 10 a great degree account for this wonder. ful change. Bus a3 the price of passage 18 from thirty to a pee cent more by tliem than by the sailing packet Mnes, the almost universal resort to them proves that the great bulk of the emigrants are Jar from bemg in extreme poverty. THE STRAMSHIPS EMPLOYED. Having recently visited the respective emigrant bureaus belonging to the dierent steamstilp and packet lines, 1 am enabled to turaish you;with a cor- rect jist of all engaged mm the carrying trade, with the number of emigrants carried by each line last yéar, There are now twelve regular steamship lines engaged in the passenger traiic between the United Kingdom and the United States aud Canada. Of these four run between Liverpool and New York; one between Liverpool aud Boston via Halifax; one between Liverpool and Portland, Quebeo and Mon- treat; one between London and New York via Ha- vre; two between Southampton and New York, and one from Glasgow to New York. Owing to the warm competition existing among the respective compa- nies, especially between those running from Liver- pool, the following returns of the business done by each during the past year, furnished me exclusively for the HERALD, Wil be read with interest. ‘the 216,000 souls who left the Untsed Kingdom for United States poris in 1869 were carried as follows, viZ.:— Cavin, Seerage, Total. Inman Line, 48,771 52,500 Nattonai Line, 86 006 $7,605 Allan Line. 85,000 “37,600 Guion Line 82,459 83,375 Cunard Line, 31,850 31,860 184,086 192,791 ortion carried by this tne to Quebee sod Montreal, as well as those to Portiand. During the same period the Anchor Line, from Glasgow to Londonderry, carried | 4, the remain- der going trom London, & month. ‘the large first class cabin pa the Cunatd, Transatlantic, Southampton) and dam! rican, (via Ply- mouth) Companies have no representation here, though they very largely swell the returns made from the Castig Garden Commissiog at ine port of New York. . SAILING STIRS. The number of einigrants carried In satling pack- ets is now so small a3 Co be scarcely Worth Cousiier- ing. ‘The price of sfeerage passage hag been fixed, by mutual agreement bevwcen the several compa- nies, at £6 6s. (about $35 at present rates), Which is a slight advance upon prices of last year: bat yet, taking into consideration the greatly increased com- fort and safety over sailing ships, 1t 18 much the cheaper fare. /Vue price of passage on sailing pack- ets ranges from £4 to £4 Lis. per adult, < 5 MORTALITY, Next to the increasea comfort secured to the em1- grants, one of the most gratifying results of the steam service between the two countries has been tne failing offin the rates of moriatty, The emi- gration during 186sjand °69 has becn healthy and sate. ‘The tables show that the whole namber of deaths among 7,324 emigrants who embarked in satiing crafts were forty-seven, and of 154,277 who pro- ceeded by steain the number was 103, Assuming the average length of a voyage in satl- fog ship at thirty days, and in @ steam veasel at fifteen days, this would be equal to a mortality per annum of sixty-six per 1,000 in the former, aad of fifteen per 1,000 In the latter. PROTECTION OF PASSENGERS. We would call attention to this subject, pointing out the main points of difference between the Brish and United States acts and the necessities of legis- lation, 80 that such flagrant violations as those of the Foster, &c,, might be properly punished, British passenger ships should either be made subject to United states Jaws for matters done on the voyage, or evidence taken before United States courts might be allowed in prosecution in Great britain. INDIAN CAPTIVES. business of Lloyd (via The Capture of the Fitzpatrick Girls in Texas by Kiowa Indians—Particulars of the Murder of Their Parente—Whereabouts of Their Relatious. MonracoR, Texas, Fob, 11, 1870, in this distant part of the country where the mails are not very trustworthy, 1% is not surprising that only recently I saw the H&RALD Of November 22, 1869, contaming a letter from Washington giving an account of th’ release of two hittle girls who had been captured by Indians, and their arrival at the national capital under the care of Colonel Leaven- worth, to whom they were indebted for their release. AS from the disposition proposed to be made of the children it would appear that they are without rela- tives, Ldesire to narrate the circumstances.attend- ing their capture, so that tvetr surviving friends may be enabled to take them) home, tf desirous of so doing. f ‘The parents of the girls, whose correct names are Allce and Susan, were named Tuomas Jefferson and Martha Fitzpatrick, They lived on Ciear Creek, some eighteeu miles southeast of this-place, and were persona in moderate circumstances, On the 6th of January, 156%, @ neighbor of theirs, A. H. Parkhill, arrived at their farm with tne inteliigence that a band of Kiowa Indians were on araid near by, killing and scalping all who fell into their power, and burning houses. Mr. Fitz- patrick, with his wife, the two girla and an infant boy of two years of age, accoinpanted by Mr. Park- ill, Immediately started {or the home of the latter, about ball a mile distant, closely pursned by the Indians, They bad pot gone far when the savages came up With the fugitives and attacked them. Tae two men fought with the greatest desperation, but were ftually overpowered, killed and scalped and their bodies horribly mintilated, Mra. Fitzpatrick Was scalped alive and stabbed twice in the back, the Indians leaving her for dead. On their departure she Wrapped her tead tn a part of her dress and en- deavored to reach Mr. Parkilli’s house. She walked @ short distance and teil, When found she was dead. The tragedy occurred about five o’ciock in the evening, but, the bodies of the three victims were not discovered and brought in until the next morhing. The babe waa oarrted by the Indiana about haif Smile, when the wretches dashed out its brains and flung the corpse on the roads. The girls, however, were borne off uninjured, petug consigned to the care of a squaw. As soon as information reactied the citizens of the presence of Indians they organized a band and started im pursmit; but the night belng,very coid and the sjeet falling heavily. their trail was repeatedly lost, aud they succeeded dn making good their escape. The dead bodies were buried in one grave, beside a numberof othera who Nawdlost their lives at the hands of the same band of savages. Mr. Fitzpatrick was, I think, @ native of Indiana. He nad deen twice married, and by his firet wife bad two daughters, wio resided at last accounts in Ten- nessee, His father was residing here ab the time of its murder, but returned to Indiana soon after and ts douptiess there now. fis not unlikely that he 18 ignorant of the fate of bis grandc! ren, and 18 Would be weil for the authorities yo Bscerfain his whereabouts and restore them to‘his keeping, a3 ae legal and most appropriate guardian for the or- phans. LIEDERKRANZ BAL MASQUE. ‘The jolliest vocal soctety in New York gave areal enjoyable bat masque at their hall tn Fourth street Suvurday night, which was humeronusly attended. The masks Wore very varied, and In some instances more 80 than at the grand bali given at the Academy of Music. ‘The hatl becume cosmopolitan, end dis- played such @ collection of curiosities tu the way. of cosiumes ag hag seldom been seen beiore in tis city, ‘The comuittee consisted of Messrs. ©, D. Graft, the syiphiike Joe € sens, and Otto Arens, who dvd all in their power to make the Masquerade 2 suceess. Among the jadies presentgive noticed the charming Miss Grogsa m the Dunwess dress of Diaua, Mra, Schienbeck aa Jean @aAre, Mra. Strohmeyer in a fascinating jockey dress, Misa Annie Peizold asa Greek malden, Mrs. Sturm as Columbino (one of the beilos of the ball), Mra, Grasaé as Polio and Miss Zlegler a8 &@ Priacess. We have rarely seen such rich and elegant dresses as the ladier of the society displayed, and the music under Bernstem’s jeadernuip waa everviling we coyla wigh for, < NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, MARCH 14, 1870—TRIPLE SEEN, ART NOTES, Photos and Chromo. A oumber of carbon photographs, with offers somewhat enigmatically called autotype, have lately been received at Goupil's gallery. They are, we belleve, quite new to the public, at least op this side of the Atlantic, For one or two years past, 1D several of the principal cities of Europe, immense progress has been made in thls department of art. Photograpis of architecture and paintingg have been carried to great perfection. The present @ol- lection consists chiedy of those from drawings by the great masters in the galleries of Europe, It seems almost superfuons to dwell on their vaiue, ‘They have been produced with é@vory care, some of them giving even the color of the original drawing, 80 that one wonld scarcely realizo that the work before them isa photograph at all, To the student they willbe tavaiuable, enabling him to understand both method and manner of the artist Great creale 48 due to those who enabie us tn tus way to study, understand and enjoy aid to art studies, hitherto entirely beyond the reach of any but a favored.few, An exquisite work from the casel of Mr. F. KE, Ohurch, the result, we.believe, of his recent studies tn the East, is THE MOUNTAINS OF EDOM, Besides that accuracy of detail which character- izes this artist, there ts a variety of tone and color throughont the whole work most fascinating at once in its harmony and diversity. Far away stretohes-a shrubiess desert, In the dis- tance isa group of rugged mountains, A food of sunlight streams through the parted clif—™’. A group of figures relieve the foreground. ‘There are the ele- ments, grand and simple, wrought out with a dell- cate, thoughtful care, which the artist, Inspired with the poetry of color, has employed in the composi- tion of this lovely eulogy on the work of God. ‘The feature which, more than any other, proves the existence of the true spirit of art is the percep- tion of the beautiful in everything; in even what seems not 80 tomany. To few isit given to per- ceive this. To fewer stil 1s the power given to show it to their fellows, The highest encomium seems to have been passed, then, when it 1s said that the artist bas, as through the witchery of his genius over the barren scene, that it becomes beauilful to others as it was to htm. ‘The Americus club house on Long Island Sound forms the subject of a very creditable picture by Mr. Louis Lang. The artist has most ingeniously made a subject of interest to a few most Interesting to all. The pretty white nouse peeps out from groups of fresh green trees over the water, whereon lightly float the white sailed boats, ‘The finish espectaily does infinite credit to the painter and betrays the touch of one thoroughly acquaimteda with his work. “INNOCENCE,” A CHROMO, recently published by Snedeccr, is from a painting by Mr. J. G. Brown. A$ a chromo thls work 1s ex- tremely good and faithful to the original, A slight deviation from the precise tono and color in one or two cases is probably an excusable fault, as itis trifing. Itis dimcult to separate the chromo from tue original in regarding this ag @ work of art, ‘This ume a figure and face, wiicl have accom- paniea Mr, Brownin several rambies through tho Tealms Of imazinattoa, having already done duty as hope, puts on er olf a light garment, which not more than meets the exigencies of the case, and, with the aid of awtrong side light, represents tnnocence. The face is well done, except aa sajudieioas arrange- mentor lightaad shade, The expression is good, ‘There is considerable feeling and proper sentiment init. Unfortunately, tie picture somewhat reminds one of another innocent young lady, whose snffer- tugs at the stake huve been wost veautifully and touchingly immortalized by another celebrated painter, In tis admiration of straw-coloredhair the artist has gone somewhat further than could be legittmatety required of hitm, and has most conscien- Uousiy rendered not oaly the color but ine torm and substance of straw. it is true, lowever, that this chromo 18 @ vast improvement on the miserable Works with which most of the picture shop windows are filled, and which even notice would be flattery. MR. JAMES FAIRMAN very kindly opens his studio to some invited guests two or three evenings in the month, He has a num- ber of works finished and in progresa which seems to indicate that iazimess at least is notone of his shortcomings. One of the most pretentious and least successful of his works is a representation of the 9 BATTLE AT FAIR OAKS, It seems somewhat strange that any one would undertake such a thankless picture, having in mind the efforts of other prominent artists in that way, It is wearisome enough to wander over yards of can- vas where @ great subject 18 treated in harmony with its importance. lt 1s beyond endurance to examme # detatled representation where 3 score of incidents with several hundred men, are crowded into a small space of some half dozen square feet. Great care and pre- cision the artist has doubtiess attained in this work, but at the complete sacrifice of strength, power and unificanon of interest, It may be granted that the pigmy tigures are lifelike portraits, and we admire the keen satire; 1t may be that not one of the several hundred figures 1s wanting. ‘Tbe eye wan- ders allover the vast extent without finding one poimt on which to centre its interest, in a hopeless, wandering effort, Photography Way pe an art, Certain it is, however, that art is not photography. Avery yellow sunset, with some very transparent trees, encircled like saints with ninbi, 18 called “Sunday Kiver Valley.”? It is a great relief to turn a what the artist bas, trom what he has uot, one, “PLEASANT RIVER VALLEY,” @ work which, although undnished, has consider- able power. Itshows what seems to ve the arcist’s sirongest point—a power of generalization. Froma foreground in shadow, thrown by some mountains not appearing in tne picture, the vast scene in the valley beyoud lies mapped out in Larmonious masses of light and shade. The artist has bome scten- tific ideas in regard to strubbery and foilage, which any one may not have the grace to comprehend. He has, however, grasped bis subject asa whole. His concepiton 1s go {61s @ not un- cominon fault to paint large pictures in pieces, One part—not unfrequently tue most imporiant one—ts subordinated to others in which an artist may take more interest, or with which he may be more fully acquainted, Mr. Furman, however, has im this case grasped his subject with a power and understanding which canuot but be apprectated. “PALLETTH? ASSOCIATION ANNIVERSARY, The first anniversary of the Artigts’ Association “Palette” was celevrated at Allemanunia Hall, East sixteenth street, in a very graceful and somowbat original manner. In spite of the upfavorabie wea- ther there was a very good attendance, There was given an allegorical piay, represeating the advent of Art co our shores at ravuer an eary date, and called he Power of Art,’ composed and arranged by Mr. George fess. Tho play consisted of a dialogue be- tween Columbia and Art, iiustraved by several tab- jeaux vivauts. dn consideration of the assumed certainty of the arrival of the illustrious stranger, one was disposed even to pardon the anacnroaism which placed a fully developed Columbia, in all the glory of past revolutionary Stars and Stripes, in prophette contemplation of the landing of Columbus, i com- pany with the pretiy blonde pilgrim, who, notwith- standing her home is the whole world, was casting about lor a new residence, Gad seemed to have very flattering predilections in favor of North America, Nor was she in any wise disconcerted at being asked, point blank, With refreshing simpiicity, who she ‘was and what she was good for. The dialogue was carried on with*great energy and seemed thoroughly appreciated. ‘The taoicaux were weil arrauged, though laboring under the disadvantage of an inju- dictous disposition of light. ‘The hall was tastefully decorated with productions of the members—those representing tragedy and history by Mrs Kunath, and wat of poetry by Mr. Clem. Wust, being quite creditable. At the conclu. sion of the play the hali was cleared for dancing, and later a very bountiful and comfortable supper was served. The association, though as yet in its infancy, seems to have accomplished much, and deserves, as It doubtless actually possesses, the 200d wishes of all who desire the further development of true arustic taate amoung Us. ART IN EUROPE. The Sam Douato Collection of Priuce Demi- doff—Ite Exhibition and Sale in ParismHe- view of tho Works. Panis, Fed, 24, 1870, Lovers of the fue arts have long ago heard of the famea San Donato collection belonging to Prince Demtdof, Shose who have visited Florence may remember the villain whiclr these works of art were kept, and to which every cicerone was sure to lead the new-comer in search of the sights of the city, It WAS not & very sumptuous abode for such treasures; but itis amirmed that the yearly outlay for the pre- servation of the collection of painungs and other ob- jects of art exceeded 90,000% So iong as the museum was at San Donato thers was always some- thing to be done to it; #9 it can easily be imagined that the simple “keep” of the gallery was a kind of thorn in !ts owner's side, In 1868 twenty-three fine paintings were disposed of. ‘They fetohed 1,363,650, and were but a fraction of the choice coliec- vion. There still remained 213 paintings by the best masters, besides miniatures, bronzes, statues, water colors, &e, These wore at length al! conveyed to Paris, and have been exnibited in advance of a final sale, which commenced on Monday last. ‘fhe flow of visitors to No. 26 Boulevard des italieas, where these works were to be viewed last in Paris, wasextreme. Every one was attracted by the fame of the San Donato Paintinga, snticipating shag each would ‘go’ for ot aoe! fabnious sums, and the result of the two firss days? sales, which I add lower down, bas not disappotated the public. A rumor, however, was spread by the Papers that the whole lot was to be purcuased by & slogie bidder, who had come forwara with six mil- lions. Whether or no, this was ever grounded on Tact is not known, but many beheved the report, and this caused visitors to Mock in serricd Ales all the faster for a look at the acquisition. Before giving the Dgures already paid down for some of the paintings I will enumerate as follows Among the moderns ate thg uames of Barrington, Paul Detaroche, Troyon, Ary Scheffer, Leopold Rob- ert, Hugéne Delacroix, Eugéne Lami, Capat Maril- hat, Gudin, Gallalt, Granet, &e, ‘Tho French school of the eighteenta centary is represented by eleven of Boucker’s paintings, nineteen by Greuze, one by Fragonard aud two by Joseph Vernet. Among whe Italians, Bronzino, S.del, Qiorgione, J intoretto, Titlan, Solel Piombg and Paolo Veronese. Among the Spaniards, Mufillo Velasquez, Ribera, Zarbaran, Among the Fiéimish and Gerinans, Memiing, Lucas, ach and tT, Bouts. ‘The most remarkable paintings of the above filus- trions masters in the San Donato collection are the “Nautrag¢,’’ by Gudin, one of his best; the ‘Fran~ cesca de Riraint,” by Ary Scheffer, bought by Prince Demidoff at the Orleans gallery and for witch he ge 43,600f.; “The Execution of Lady Jane Grey,” y Delaroche;” “Christopher Columbus,” a “Fan vasia”? and “Charies. V. at the Convent of Saint Just,” by 1. Delacroix; “The Bacchante en Délire,” by Boucher; # whole collection by Greuze, some eighteen diferent works; “The Diauora Fresco! .? by Bronzino, Thisds the portrait In life size of a ay who gave birth ww fifty-two children, and says the inscription on gilt at the foot of the painting-—‘‘She never bad More than ttiree at a time.” Near this is ‘tne Belie Vani,” an admivabie painting by Verones “rhe Venetian Supper,” by Gtorgione: The Su} per at Emzaaus,” by ‘Titlan, and “The Roman Pe: sant Girl,” by Leopold Robert, ‘The following 1s @ list of some of the most remark- able paintings, with the prices they fetched on the second ai sale:—The result of the first day was 346, 5621, two o'clock Mr. Pillet established sl- lence, and the first order of the day’s proceedings was “A View of Mont Blang,” by Calame, 2,850f.; “A Woman Feeding Poultry,” by Troyon, 7,900! “art and eh, Ai by Louis Gallait, 25,500f.; “The Duke of, Alba Taking the Oath of John Vergas,” by the same, 29,500f.; “The Young Roman leasant Girl,” by Leopold Robert, 7,0v0f. Then came whe succession of paoRe by Paui Delaroche:—“Crom- well,” 23,000f.; “Lord Strafford,” 30,000f.; “Veter the Great,” 20,000f.; “Death of Lady Jane Grey,” 110,000; a reduction of the same, 27,000f.—taus, 230,000f. for the five. After the adjudication of ‘Lady Jane,” and when all hands were up to avplaud, cries arose, “\Vbo has 4s? what nation f “England, was the answer. A groan followed and the applause was suppressed. ‘The total receipts of the day were 455,410f, which makes for the first two sales 790,920f, On the 26th fst, the auction will be continued. THE BDWARDS’ GALLERY. There ts another collection besides, now avaiable unto millionnaires—the gallery of Mr. Charles Ed- wards. No one has ever heard much about it, for it has been founded by degrees in a quiet, unostenta- tious manner, Still in this collection there 1s a trea- sure which the Louvre cannot boast of—a Goza. A Goga did { say, I mean five Gogas, and among them nis laaye love, bis man in a hat—Giulio. Who ever painted such sunny skins, such olive tinted and ruddy complexions ¢ There are, too, eleven by Dela- croix, among which the *‘Amende Honeravie.” ‘There are also several jandscapes by Theodore Rousseau, and among them & masterpiece *Alier the Rain.” ‘The great art critic, Pau! de St. Victor, has writ- ten a.tull description of this collection in the Live Theophile Gauthier paid the same honor to the San Donato collection in the Illustration, WHAT FORTUNE BRINGS, It has so much become a necessity among the fa- vored chiidcea of fortuns to possess a shad, a pic- ture gajlery and a diminutive mine of gems that their history is perpetuaved by our best writers. A palnting described by one of the above ta‘ented men, as Juies Janin adds to its value and often by word does the humble pen emulate with the bru’ not oversought and grandly simple such di convey grand works of art to the imind cause as Mach pieasure as the Contempiation of the object described. Ia the same way Ime. ae Stach somewhere Observes, ‘the contemplation of monue ments 1s more animated than many will believe, be- cause our fancy heins; We Bee What happened with our mind and we faney we tend life as we dream.” Jt is @ poor consolavion sometimes, but it teaches that all perfected arts are counccted by some link or other for the gratification of thought, EXIIBT1ONS REFORMS. Before leaving this subjecid will mention that a few reforms have been adopted in the regulations of Me arts expositions at the Palais de I’ {ndustrie. Extuibttors may henceforth choose the jury who wiil preside over the diswribution of medals and decide on the admission of paintings. This jury will also be authorized to take part in the resoluttons of the Hanging Committee, while the upper administration 18 not to supervise any of these praceedings, Even this latitude does not prove satisiactory to all, They admit it is equality in one way and they do not doubt meant to put aside any possibility of vhe accusation of favoritism; but it is pot enough, The truth 1s they will gramble as long as there 1s in- equality io talent, which means forever. All cannot ger prizes like Gustave Doré, Rosa Bonheur and leissonnier, 60 We must put up with the discoa- tented this year as we have many years, LITERARY NOTKS AND JOTIINGS. Literary readings und literary matinées are very much in favor at present. ‘They usuaily take place on Sundays at lecturing halls, and even at play houses. They originated at the Theatre de Cluny, a brave little theatre. It may be much better for the audience to turn into a congregation and go to church, butas they would not do such @ thing it 1s better the audience should hear Henri Martin and others than hang*about at cafes on Sundays. ‘fhe names of M. de Lesseps, M, Flaubert and Timothe ‘Trinn are down for readings turougn March, We have also Sunday lectures by politicians at the Cirque—innovations that have as yet been followed by no il effects, BCIENCR. Atthe grand assembly of the Geographical So- Clety, Which took place on the 18th of February, to celebrate the forty-eighin anniversary of its ioun- dation, the prize of honor was jastly awarded to Ferdinand de Lesseps. lt consisted of a very large gold. medal and the sum of 10,000 M. de aseps accepted the former, but has given the tatter over to the young and enterprising heutenant in the navy who has undertaken to explore Central Africa, The Empress also awards @ yearly prize to ibis Bo- clety of 10,000f. to any Frenchman who hag distinguished himself in geograplicai research and travei or deed of discovery, AMEW YORK DEPUTY SHERIFF TAKING PRISONERS TO SING SING. Sine SiG, March 11, 1870. ‘To THE Eprroe or Tite HeKratp:—~ On Thursnay afternoon a party left the Thirtioth street depot in New York for Sing Sing. Four of the party were jomed together with handcails, walking in couplets; the fifi person, @ stout young man, wearing the Metropolitaa Police untform,, tad the prisoners in charge—for such they were. There were three others with this party; two were derailed to aid the policeman, while the third wore the baage ofasherit’s deputy. One would think nothing of Becing partios of this kind ev route for the prison if 4¢ were not for the sensation the deputy aud his prisoners were creating; each one had a bovle, and was drinking. The deputy purchased tickets, and alter evtering the car lost: them. Upon reaching Sing Sing the first place the party ‘“boited” for was Daty’s dripking saloon. Here they drank stiff bam. faced and Created a great “muss” with the landiord; nally they were ejecied. The policeman told the prisoners he would take them back to the Yombs, One of them replied, *Datn you, you care not do it; I dety you.” Anoiuer of the prisoners compiatues what the bracelets cut his wrists, and the deputy sheriff Was so drunk that he did*not understand his request, After much talk they adjouraed lo the prison. Here the deputy was so stupid that it Was hmpossible for him to unlock the bracelets, As s00n as the prisoners were put in the convict rigjone of them squares Limseif and said he wanted to Dgnt any man inthe room. The deputy sherii? was taken to Sing Sing and placed in a room in the Empire Howse. Here, after @ short sieep, he arose and smashed the windows and broke the bed and chairs. At this point whe landlord called in the chief of po- Jice, who arrested him and put the bracelets on him, This (Friday) morning he was fined twenty-five doi- lars and allowed to go on hia way to New York. SALARIES OF MALE AND FEMALE TEACHERS, To TRH EpiTon oF THe HERALD:— Allow me to call your attention and that of yoar readers to the disproportion between the salaries of male and female teachers of this city. Much nas aiready becn sald and written upon the subject of the inequality existing between men and women’s wages generally, for the same kind of labor; but I believe in none ts the tujustice more strongly Marked than'im the profession of teaching, Let me age figures, thas ail may be convinced of the truth of my statements ahd of the nocessity of prompt and decisive measures to change this abomt- pabie condition of things. Princlpals of male d ments, having an attendance of more than less than 400 pupils, $2,500 annually, Principals of female departments, mT, ‘he same attendance, namely, over 150 aud less than 300 pupils, $3,600. Male principais, having an atiendance of more than 300 and less than 600 pupils, $2,750. Female principals, baviug tne same attendance, $1,609, Male principais, having more than 600 puplis ingattendance, $5,000, Femaie prin- cipals, having the same attendance, $1,700. Male vice principals to have a salary of $2,000, while fe- male vice principals have $1,100, Male assistant teachers to average $1,409; female assistants not to exceed $600. I beg you to understand that the courses of study for the pupils of both departments are aimost Identical, if not completely so; but the girls heretofore, not having @ college to which they might go If desiring vo stndy Jy advance of the regu- lar grammar sciool course, & supplementary one was found necessary in schools where the young Indies deetred to fit hemselves for teachers. Thin extra work has been done for some years pack in the female departments, thus ne, the teachers of thore Gepartments anaes ae zee compare weir gularies WIth those of the male teachers, ) DERORAM DARLING. Evils fn tho Municipal Government Lobbyists and the Newspaper Correspondents, Wasuineroy, March 12, TUK PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR in theory are limited-to a very small class or Y but practically a very numerous class enjo sacred right to walk and talk upon she noors House and Senate Chambers when those pod! 1n solemn session. And much do, the lopyyisti that right, and very curious ia the fact to relat it 13 considered that the rules of exclusior framed wainly witha view to Keep thoue ver tuemen from boving Senators and Repres during legislative hours. More curious 1 Unat wiille tne lobbyisrs, against all rales of a a8 well as parliamentary usage, enjoy such} privileges, the newspaper men—I mean those reputations aud employed by respectable jou are carefully excluded from the floors, and say vo many little annoyances in the pursuit of mation for the public which are som very difficult to pear, It 18 Y very trying to honest journalists to the dally spectacie of these lobbyists, boldly ing oa thelr disreputable practices under nosen of the Speaker of the House, President Senate and two Sergeants-at-Anms, aud at th time dind themselves jealously watchéd and leat perchance they may aulp in for a moment] the door in search of important news from telligent Senator or Representative. And y is what occurs every day during &@ seaston 4 gress, The lobbyist, with his pockets with greenbacks aud plundering schemes, nished every opportunity to commune with 8 and Xepresentatives, while the newspape desirous only of serving the public, is anno: embarrassed at every step. Itis very evider] this rule of exec)uaion should either be car: strictly or else abandoned entirely. If rela! all, certainly it ought to be in favor of the m do most for the public and have no jobs to Of course 1 allude tothe honest and legit mew spaper men and not to the BOGUS AND JOBSING CORRESPONDENTS, There are too many of thi men “hangin Washington,” as Ben Butler said, but by no earning “a precarious living’? Unfortunate! are a class of men who manage to earn a g00 who get mfxed up with all sorts of Jobs and always to obtain a lion’s share of the profit have the brass and inypudence of the Prmee bimself, and who by their precious hypoc! canning munage to delude many, weil-n people into the belief that they are the ma wield the whole power of the press of the oot without whom nothing can see daylight in no measure good or bad can be eltber appro condemned by the editors, These fellows deed the Lazzarontof the press, They briy credit too often upon the whole profession. of them hold clerksiups of committees ay their privileges to further their lobbying sche the most brazen and disgraceful manner. I charge that all the newspaper men holding od tee clerkships are thus guilty, but s them decidedly are. It 1s certatnly Imprope for honest newspaper correspondents to hold positions, or at least to be allowed to hold ti Congress. A cierkship gives a correspondent privileges of the oor and ready communiog the members as‘sbontd not be allowed in al} fa} ‘unless all other correspondents are allowed privileges. Some members have recently b pressed with these views, and it is hoped movement inaugurated to exclude correspo! from acting as committee cierks will be al power. with the enfranchisement of the negro ag Mavaged to muintain itseif ever since, come so inefficient and obnoxious that any woukl be for the wetter. Whatever ne frage may be elsewhere it cannot be 8 be a success here, A set of designing cians, bent on personal agyrandizement a der, got control of the negroes and secured votes by lavish professions of friendship. Of they care nothing about the blacks, but the are too ignorant to discern between their real and those who are friendly with them only @ them, A worse governed city than Washingt bably does not exist in the United States. of taxation Is a dollar and: forty-five cents hundred. This, however, is only the gene and does not include water tax or the tax tor and Improving streets ahd many otver spect In return the citizens ges really nothing fo money. ‘The streets, half of them unpava never cleaned, badly lighted, and certain when the almanacs say the moon shouid shin Qre no Jamps lighted at all, whether the prog Of the almanac is carried ou: or not, In short are no comforts, no conveniences such 28 mon in other cities witi a population of 150, haps the old adage of “too Many Cooks sp broth” was never better illustrated than in th ernment of tue District, There are really i tinct governments, including that of Con ‘There 1s the city government, the Board of Commuisioners, the Levy Court, the munictpa ernment of Georgetown, the Board of Health. dependent of eacit otter and very often pull] in different direciions. ‘The property owners, tired of this state of have started a movement to get a territorial g Ment from Congress. Jt 13 proposed to conso all the little “powers tnat be’ into one, havel ritorial council, and a delegate on the door | gress, Solar as Congress 28 concerned, vha bays about as mucit attention to the affairs ¢ Disivict as tt does to those of the New Domino has, vo be sure, a commutiee in eack House o “piscrict of Columiia,” but that commitice s eets, and its reports are usually laid aside {01 considered more important business, in {4 District gets no show im Congress at all, and leit a prey for the greedy poitticians who «a tue negroes. The territorial proposition nat Incets With Violent opposition from the Bowe Its success would no doubt result in turnin Bowen men adritt, and this is the secret of the sition. ‘The ignorant biacks have been appea im all soris of ways to enlist them against change In tue present form of government, Bowen men charge that the new movement 18 sublertuge for takiug away the ballot from negro, Of course tis touches Sambo in a t spot. If there is any thing he likes It Is to vot be voted for, and 2uy atiempt to deprive him oa privilege would naturally arouse all his ene But there 18 noe change proposed in the sutra iz only in the form of government—a fact as Known to the Bowen party a8 it is bo the t Tialists, ‘The matter hus been brought to the atient! Congress and meets with a good deal of | especiaily in the Senate, There is no arge needed 10 convince Congressmen that the pi government, is mefiic:ent and that any change | be for the better. Any person who lives here Jew months will be satisfed of that fact. ‘the in trade of the city government oMicials is the | ble political resu/t of the proposed change. work upon the techugs of the majority m Cot by asserting that the adoption of the Terr scheme would pring the democracy into p ‘This 1s really the only object they Nave or can against tt. But the fact that several promine publicans—men like General Howard—are in fa the territorial syster 1s @ satticlent answer to The opposition comes entirely trom the “City ring,” composed of Northern carpet-bagger: negroes, and 1s not likely to have much sucet influencing Congress, The chances for & clan, good, and the property holders are moving more than ordimary energy to achieve it. BILLIARDS. fjame in England=The La Brenk on Record. ‘The Bucks (England) Herald of March 1 says Friday evening the inhabitants of Aylesbury 3 neighboruood were enabled to witness some. most brillant play at ts fashionable game tn ever been displayed. The occasion was a | match between ‘. Cook. tae champion of fn, and W. Dufton, instructor to the Prince of | and took piace im the Corn Exchange, whic fitted especially tor tue occasion. The seats amphitheatrically arranged, which enabled sent to witness the play advantageously. Tue took plave on a new tanle made by Messrs roughs'& Watts. The pockets were 3, inche balls 21-16 imenes and (the spot was inches from the top cushion, ‘There were abor hundred present co witness the ‘entertui ‘The maten was remarkable for the wonderful made by Uook, viz., 417, Which Is the largest made, and ihis spleadia score incinded 137 favorite spots, which he made very quickl with such certainty that it became almostem nous to the unproiessional ¢ye. The champio recorded the winner by the large majority of | an unfinished break. The champlon resin play and made forty-two more spots, but in att ing anothor Jeft the ball lingering on the edge pocket. Tims last great break was made thus:—-A hazard off the red, followed by “potting” 0 making six and givog him his pet roy: which he played the unprecedented numb epots, making it the largest break on record 417, Both players were loudly cheered. The game occupied exactly one honr and minutes, Whicd of itaell will epeak for the fas of the cBaimpioa, A Great