The New York Herald Newspaper, November 27, 1869, Page 5

wele! hot hm C) in the inhabitants of one ward. This annual rate for | Her face was shaded by an acute melancholy th: them ai some 0UR WORKING WOMEN. e' ra, eoarenl ounters, pebeurepn 5 operes ph ee 7 told of ny ul ‘lancholy em deserve 4 critical investigation, for many com | Justice, Not Charity, Demanded--Facts and Figures--Destitute Condition of the Working Women---Their Average Wages and Work- ing llours---The Working Women’s Pro- tective Union---The Female Charities of the City---The Cheapest Living in. the World---A Shroud as Well as a Shirt.” It “man’s inhumanity to man makes countless thousands mourn,” his indifference to the trials and hardsmips of the poor and weak of the other sex Produces widespread misery and is far more repre- bersibie. Tho icy philosopher who stops to look with disdain upon the aged and decrepit woman who wanders about our streets, worn, wearled, shattered and penniless, after a life of industry and frugality, who stretches forth her hand for his paltry alms, littie considers how her fate has been struggle for the merest existence, and how her tedious years Dave been rendered fruitless by the cupidity of unscrupulous employers. He would not only countenance the injustice, but deny her the feeble comfort contamed in a stranger's pittance. ‘This is the navural result coming from the pound of cure rather than the ounce of prevention, And thus ebarity, incuicatea by the religious as a duty, yet used by the unfortunate asa willing refuge, becomes responsible for the ills which lie at the root of injus- thee. It is to remove the unjust customs which cppress and degrade the working women of New York, and not to maugurate and support nigh-sounding chari- ties instituted to relleve them, that constitutes the basis of all true philanthropy, and embodies the only principle that should be written as a humane rule, They do not ask for charity; théy crave justice. ‘They do not implore luxury and idleness; they demand equity and fairness. They do not sue for eave and elegance; they are satisfied with fair pay and cleanliness. They do not seek even for equality with men; but they do feel that all the ave- nueg of labor should be open to their industry, and Mhat all fagilities should be extended for their suc- cess. What & trife 18 sought, What ¢ task to accom plish | Ever since this island has been growing denser Ww ita population this propiem of female labor has been crystalizing into a more inflexible mass. Swelling with the large influx of country girls, and increasing with the inpouring of immigration, the female labor community has at last grown to such proportions, that destitution and general pecfiniary distress accompany any and every prostration of trade. Outof such sufferings come all species of benevolence, until at last it is considered that home- Jess girls, friendiess orphans and bereaved widows should be placed in institutions and left to solve the future of their own helpless lives in idleness, Too much Utopian is this, because it 13 purely charitable. What the working women require 13 opportunity, and not alms; and let this once be understood and the efforts of interested people combined, can yet be made to lift up this essential portion of the body Politic to the Jevel where It belongs. TENEMENT PENS. How 1s it at this hour over every inch of ground in this city where working women can be found? They live in nasty tenement houses, often im cellars. ‘Their quarters are generally unfit for human habita- tion, Badly lighted, poorly ventilated, if clear air is accessible at all, their rooms are situated in pools of foulness, where every impurity is nurtured and where every vice flourishes. The home accommo- @ations are scanty. A dirty and carpetiess floor; a stained, patched and dingy wall; alow and smoky ceiling; a rickety bed, with meagre coverings; a broken down stove, second hand cooking utensils, and furniture to correspond—tnese make up the imvyentory of the most mdus- trious, Often in quarters of such a limited Space ag not to nave suilicient area for one per- ton whole families live, breed and die. Amid such misery as this dwell those who are accounted the most euccessiul in the minor fields of labor. But what squalor and poverty surround those who are driven by the savage masters of avarice into nooks and corners of hovels where hogs would be uncom- fortabie! Yet such is not an overdrawn picture of the actual sufferings that may be witnessed any day of widows and young girls who bave mainly to de- pend upon the fruits of thetr labor, A REMEDY. And what is the remeay? This has often been asked, The reply is simple. Give to women the wages they can and do earn; allow them hours that wWiil enable them to attend to their household affairs #0 as to obtain neatness and cleanliness; provide good and comfortable buildings in healthy situations where rooms can be rented at moderate prices, and the result will then depend upon their virtue and industry; and the 75,000 working women of New York will not disappoint the most sanguine expecta- tions. The fall trade, now about over, has not been what was expected, and the work for the holidays does not promise much. The consequence is, thatthe winter wili be unusually severe, and thousands upon thousands will be driven to the last ditch. In the season of privation and suffering coming there can be no doubt that a great many can be relieved by charitable workers, yet the majority can better be supplied by opportunities foremployment. What- ever is done, the prospect may Well appal the most indifferent. There never were so many women in the city, and never so many helpiess tu supply the most ordinary Wanis of aaily life. INEQUALITY OF MALE AND FEMALE WAGES. Among those who have plenty todo the compen sation is paiwy. The following tabie will show the prices now being i for male and temale labor as lar as they can be relatively classited:— Per werk, Por Week, mates, Jemala. Actors and actresses. 000 MIS Od Artiticlal flower makers. : 8 00 Ballet dancers i 20 00 6 00 Bookfolders . - £00 Booksewers .. B00 Bookbinders % 10 W ow 10 v0 00 600 eo 33 00 0 15 = 7 0 oO 700 00 500 on aw oo 800 ~ 700 00 900 wo 6) WH - 700 Milliners......... 700 Paper box makers... = 500 Paper o@lar makers = 500 Photograph mounters.- 15 00 S00 Salesmen and women 30 00 8 00 Kehoo! teachers. 5 00 10 00 Senmatreaues, w 4:60 Bervants, with board and washin, ia 300 Shoo hitters. . 18 00 8 00 a 8 00 2 50 00 25 00 +36 00 WW pier 20) 1b 70) Wood engraver: 1 00 INTELLECTUAL PURSUIT: it will be observed from this comparative list, which purports to be only an average eompensation {tn the diferent classes of trade, tirat men in every case obtain higher wages than women, In the fieidsof purely inteliectual labor the deficiency of women 1s marked, but in departments depending upon the eff- ciency of special culture, asin acting and singing, women are ofven superior to men. For tustance, ta- bulous wages are paid actresses who have caught the public ear; and mejody iu iemsies has @ higher rating Uhan musical superiority in males. Parepa Rosa is enabled to demand g!zo nightly tor the use of her voice, while the best t get this sum, and neve employment at that figure. ‘The question, therefore, arses, why should not women enter the lists where develop- Ments in esthetics would atford them at least a re- Rpectabie, and probably an advunced degree of suc. cess ag concerns pecuniary results? The answer jg not, there are few Parepa Rosas, but that there might be many, ‘The public to-day ts littie aware of the accomplished amateur siagers thai flood the ‘upper circies of society. Many of them are equal to the giited Queen of song; and did circnmstances compel, and diflidence permut, the opera houses of New Yor« could vibrate with sweeter inelodies {rom home circies than have ever filled their walls by Kuropean artists, ‘This is because, under the best atruction, the young lady's voice las been tutored, and speresiation of (ime and melody quickened by ‘@ Well considered course of instruction. With thowe Jadies Who seck Work as niusic teachers their knowl- edge of the artis ofven superficial, though it cannot Appreciation and an ambition to excel, aa in Raleae naka mare 80. Bui the remedy lie: bother Ww; iife, 8 80 De sald of wctromes, Wuks Of iife, ‘The same mit SKILLED LABOR. In the above table, what ta gin much disparity wil not be nowoed, Wough ihe die, ferenoy, is actually very large, and toa degree start- og, “That Lookbinders, deviguers, balrdregsers, @ | seventy-five thousand toiling today in New York NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 1869.—TRIPLE SHEET. 8 and WOOd e! No distinct eexua! sciet ier disparity between & Wales ia 8 But as compoat males and females are paid by the 1,000 ems, but une- qually, and ag copyists, employers complain that the service, if performed correctly, 18 subject to many uncertainties whicn come mm sickness, lack of attention and unfemilianty with and unadapisbility to manual forms. Whether these Creag ay well grounded, or not, 1t is certain that they have great weight in keeping down the wages of women, and in reducing their sphere of usel to its mini- min limit. hould exhibit such a sin- 6 Wages of males and fe- whero SALESWOMEN. As saleswomen, and in all occupations requiring address and accommodations to castomers, It 1s universally held among employers that femaies do not display that aptitude which should enable them to demand equal wages with men. They hold that saleswomen are not sought for and patronized by theirown sex; that they never possess @ practical acquaintance with the goods they offer over the counter; that customers have to approach them with too great @ reverence, and that a refusal or neglect to purchase often ‘becomes @ question of personal kindness, Besides, it 1s claimed that they have not the physical endurance which induces men to make the widest display of fabrics from the upper shelves, and that many goods are not thus exposed. The care oi girls, to guard them against insult, is also mentioned. It 18 next to impossible to say how much justice there is in these objections. They exist, It remains for the workingwomen to remove them. That sales- women have succeded in opening and advancing the sales in new departments of trade is known, aud that they alone are fit to hold positions in special lines, now occupied by men, 18 also a fact, and is demonstrated im orders requ! neatness and de- spatch. When they shall be able to supplant their male rivals and obtain even the same wages it will be an interesting revolution. in Paris there is hardly such @ being Known tn the lighter depart- ments of the retail trade asa salesman. Every ono is a sales Woman; and the system for many years in actual practice ts successful beyond measure. The game is true ¥. Lepdon, Why should it not also ‘orl obtain In New WOMEN’S WAGES. The subject of women’s wages has been fruitful of a great deal of controversy. Some hold that they get enough in proportion to the salaries of men, and others contend that they are shamefully swin- died, Whichever side 1s correct, women suffer the most, and the fact remains that their living is a scanty and precarious existence. Between the hand and the mouth their pay disappears in the ineanest necessities, and they bave seldom enough relaxation or funds to secure @ night's enjoyment at the theatre or egg, It is al ued, “one side that ‘waren, com- parce Mi men, receive the most wages. élr lvifig, it is claimed, costs them less; that a female eats ordinarily one-third jess than @ man; that she always, in the same boarding house, obtains her living at @ lower figure han & male, and that she can make her own dresses, un- derclothing, hats. &c,, while a man has to resort to a tallor and furnisher for bis wear. . Itvts also contended that every female lives ex- pecting to be married at some period of her 1ife, and 3n this hope never endeavors to get a complete mas- very over her trade, but rather looks to the marriage union as 8 relief from all work and service not purely household, It ta claimed that such longings, which are natural, incapacitate women for progres- sive industry, and that this is the reason that 80 few rise Into positions of mdependence and life support as can be instanced in thousands of cases of male tradesmen, many of whom fill the most exalted sta- tions among the millionnaires of the day. As every one can see, there 1s much truth in this statement, Young girls are bred vo the iKlea of marriage, and they are nurtured to tbe belief that tais is their mis- Bion on earth. ‘The mistake is notin the theory—it is true and perfect; but in a city like New York, where there are 650,000 females to 450,000 males, the family We is not an universal boon. Hence #0 soon a8 this notion leaves every girl, and its absence causes her to feel that she is always to be her own support, then excellence, and in high order, will prevail among the working women, HOW WOMEN OPPRE8S WOMEN. ‘The causes other than those mentioned to keep down the wages of Women are Manlioid, but they can be referred chiefly to three important sources, First—Competivion. Second—Want of concerted action, Thtrd—Lack of acominon fund. Under the frst division the evils existing are enor- Mous and constitute an impregnable barrier to the increase of women's Wages. ‘There are so many females who have husbands upon whom to depend, and other means of living who do faucy ana gub- stantial neealework that they offer a lively compe- tition to the poor girls and widows, who depend upon tueir bands for exisience. This class of com- paratively independent women work for pin money, ‘Shey embroider, make ruifleg and manufacture aru- cles of wear that belong to the domain or the reaily working portion of the sex. But the evil is pot in doing, but in the price for which they do. For instance, # woman will work three weeks and produce something handsome by her needie, aud willtake it to some dealer and wiil receive ten dollars for her Jabor, She is not particu- lar as to price, because work 18 not her necessity, A real working woman will toil hard and accomplish vhe same thing in two weeks, and trom the nature vf the competition receives but ten dollars, the same price. ‘Ihe giarmg injustice of thia forced labor by independent femaics is visible. They rob the poor, they cut down ther pay, and to gratify a morbid desire for dress and petty luxury, Oppresa a whole class a8 much entitied to the comforta of \ifeas themseives—the sequel shows better. Had the poet writen Woman's inhumanity to woman Makes countless inillions mourn, he would have penned a text that epitomizes many of the ills that now degrade the working women of New York, But this is not the only opposition they find in their own sex, he tendency of ladies in the upper classes of society to “beatdown” on every ar- ticle they purchase over the counter 1s proverbial, Poor women are prevented by pride from follow: such a streak of misplaced economy, consequently the rich jive cheaper than the poor, and the poor bear the burden of the disparity. The saleswoman does not obtain a full price for her fabrics, the pro- prietor suffers in his profits and the girls, therefore, work for diminished wages. This ts a truth 60 plain that shame, if not decency. should prevent ube further spreading of @ fraud, which is no less a fraud because fostered by @ class who live in stolen elegance to the oppression of their worthy sisters, In all phases of injustice this is one which must strike the community as freighted with the meanest attributes and embodying the most mercenary aims. Considerations like these aye many wherein Woman Keeps down woman. Let the noble feelings of the sex be appealed to and let them understand that they, as well a8 men, are re- sponsible for the present condition of the girls, and the cause of women Will advance with giant strides, A WANT OF UNION. The want of concerted action among the female workers 18 another cause. They should be @ uit in their several trades; they should mutually sustain each other by counsel and advice; they should organ- ive and form a vast sisterhood of intelligent beings, ay they are; and Without entering upon any strikes with their employers, for these have always proved disastrous, they should educate public sentiment, seck redress for their wrongs temperately, and pre- scut therr case In all tts hideous aspects. No over- powering current could be turned against them, WANT OF MONEY—AN UNFAISING REMEDY, ‘The wird cause refers to @ lack of funds and gen- eral impaired hearth, for these Nis have @ closer alli- fauce than is suspected, The working women want money, and they must earn it themselves. ‘The uestion 18 how to getit, An eminent physician, r. F, B. Lawson, tried @n experiment which com- pletely illustrates the whole subject. Foar operators on sewing Mactines were found who were in the habit of working sixteep hours a day, wearing out their bodies and earning bad heaith and poor pay. Under the treatwent of the physician they were dl- rected to work eigiit hours a day, sewing by hand if possivie, age? eight hours and take eight hours for relaxation. If a detictency in what they had earned and what they might earn should be found against the mew system the Doctor was to pay it. They worked a year; and the result was that all four saved more than fifty dollars in twelve months, in excess of what they had formerly made in the same time. The frame was not pros- trated; the constitution regained tts wonted vigor; the general healtu became admirable, and the girls were cheerful and happy. This is the secret of a working woman's life, and could the principle be disseminated among the seventy-five thousand in New York what a contented portion of the vod: politic would they become! of time waicl occur to such an alarming extent would not then follow the periodical and often’ protracted iliness to which ail women are subject. Now tew can devote their whole time to regular employment without soon becoming broken down and unreliable. [n- deed, statistics Indicate that women in general, dura a te bas seventy years, suffer sairty ive years, or half their time, sickness Which prevents tho Ckerclse of manuht labor the cases mentioned nature was followed not th ved; and the equilibrium of the organization was restored and the (rue proniem solved. Humant- tarians and piilanthropisisdirect your batteries at these social forces which for so many years have successfully fought the best interests of the working women! A PRACTICAULE SCHEME POR RAISING FUNDS. Let us suppose then that this unutopian system could be introduced, and thateach woman from her attention and concentration of otherwise untaxed powers, during eight bours of service, could inthe course of & year save ft{ty dollars in excess of her present income. ‘Then, ontribute toward a common fund the sum 60,000 annually and save their health, pro- jong their lives, improve their mind apd elevate their entire class to & position which it should some day occupy. This fund would provide life insur- ance, it would support the sick and Idiotic, it woula constitute women a power, and they could redress thelr own Wrongs, Which tower mountain high dur- ingso many years of @ partially self-imposed and unnecessary Oppression. Capital isto blame for not starting a rellef of Chis nature and its speedy fru uon should be demanded by the public. It would, ol course, be impoittic for women to make any issue with capitalists, but their natural interests are so close that @ weil tempered agitation of the sub- joct would produce wonders, THE NUMBERS FOLLOWING DIFFERENT OCCUPATIONS. The foilowing tabie will show how many occupa- tions are followed by almost iucredible ‘numbers, ‘The eatimate 1s made on 4 basis of population known to be 1,100,000, residing on this island, taken irom figures which were furnished by the police when they made & CenAUs +0 ABceriAlE the rate of Morgane wx Artificial flower makers, Basket makers... 500 Co) X00 py ists 3, cs. 10,000 Dressmakers and seamatresses. . 14,000 Embroiderers 600 Florists... 500 Hair workers, 400 ve 200 50 2,000 1,000 4,000 Saleswomen. + 4,600 bervants (male and female). ++ 43,000 Straw workers... + 5,000 2,000 igures are not to be considered accurate, but they are reliable us far as they go. Everything consumed by the 175,000 iamilies In New York 19 mostly furnished by these toilers who produce domestic wares; and they not oniy find @ market here in the city but throughout this Union and in the remotest corners of the world, Their sum total Would not represent the actual number, as in many en the trades have to be confounded in classifica- HOW MALES AND FEMALES COMPARE IN AGES AND NUMBERS IN THE WORKING CLASSES. 48 working women are now rated they comprise about one-fourth o1 the entire female population of the city above the ages of firteen, the iowest limit where the line of practical usefuiness may be drawn. The number of females above the age of fifteen is about 400,000, and 76,000 is probably the most correct estimate that can be made of the numbers compris- ing the working classes. ‘The following table taken from the census of 1865, with twenty-five per cent added for the increase of the last four years, exhibits the relative number of maies and femaies in differ. ent lustrume from ffveen vo seventy :— Working Females th marth 15.600 2,0 By taking one-fourth of the female population in each lustrum it will be observed that tue number of working women fixed at 75,000 has been veritied, ‘Tne greatest number, as will be seen, work between te of twenty and twenty-live, and at forty they fall off rapidiy, many having perished and many having been married. At seventy less than a thousand are leit; and some of these withered and decayed septuagenartans still wander in our streets eet their wares at corners and from dilapidated stalls, ‘This conclusion, it should be remembered, is on the assumption that mortality is equal among all classes. Statistics prove that this assumption is faise and untenable, and that many of the weariea aud shattered needle piyers sink into untimely graves, little heeded by the commanity and little observed by even the most acute huimanitarians. ‘The figures follow pretty well the nuinber of tn- habitants of diferent nationalities. A census taken now would disclose the fact that there are about 660,000 Americans, 240,000 Lrish, 150,000 Germans and 100,000 of other nationalities now living on this island. So that of the working women one-half are American, nearly one-quarter irish, over one-eighth German and the balance from other quarters of the glove. SERVANTS. ‘The subject of nationality has not, perhaps, created the amount of aifference that unght ve expected from girls educated to different tastes and spheres, As is well known most of the household service is to-day performed by irish and German servants; and we bave no hesitation in saying, after @ careful examination of the tacts, that servants are m @ much better condition as regards shelter, food and wages than the great body of native working- women, This fact is starting, It places menial service above skilled labor, it induces large numbers w neglect trades and employments that require special training, and effectually closes the door to many flelds where, by industry and frugality, girls could eventually become experts in mechanical labor, And here, with other collateral causes, can he traced the ees OF that greac social evil, prowl. tutlon. THE SOCIAL EVIL—OAN IT BE AVERTED? Moralists may say What they will, and stausticians may endeavor to blind the pubile regarding the identity of this crime wich the present condition of the laboring woinen, but the facts remain to show, beyond @ doubt, that the fe of luxury obtained by debauchery 1s the true reason thal accounts for the excessive numbers of abandoned women. In the first place the quarters of working women in tene- ments are not habitable, their dress can never ve otherwise than plain, and their food coarse and in- digestible, Servants rarely aufler these imconvent- ences, being under the generous eyes of provident mistresses. ‘Then, too, the extravagant dress now the fashion excites cuvy, aud the knowledge thavit can be obtained 1s often sougnt without counting the cost of how it is obtained. Deplorable as it 1s, hundreds rush into the vortex because they have no refuge from a depraved puvlic taste, and nothing but a choice between pienty and destitution. The tormer is chosen at the sacrifice of virtue, Like other draw- backs mentioned this can only be averted by orga! ized labor, better homes and more advanced wages. THE WORKING WOMEN’S PROTECTIVE UNION. Among all organized efforts that have ever been Made to ameliorate the ils of working women ndne have been so completely suc: cessful as those of the Workingwomen’s Protective Union, at 48 Bieecker street, Formed seven years ago under Very unfavorable circumstances It jas been steadily growing in power for doing good, in influence, and in the accession of prominent men as its patrons. Durlug the past year the society has been under the presidency of Judge Charles P. Daty, of tue Common Pleas, aud 18 directors and active supporters include such names as James W, Gerard, Moses 8. Beach, Henry Ward Beecher, . Kings land and William KR. Roberts. The institution is under the superintendence of Mrs. M. W. Ferrer, a competent and kind\y matron,who ecroury under- stanks the wants of working women. The follow- ing, from the constitution, expiatna its objects:— ‘This association ts organized for the common benefit of all those women who obtaiv a livelihood by employments Hot connected with household services; and seeks that ene Fir#t—By securing legal protection from frauds and impo- sitions, free of expense. Seond-— by appeals, respectfully but urgently made, to em. ployers for wages proportioned to we cost of livlug, And for fuch shortening of the hours of labor as is due to health and the requirements of household affairs. Third—By seeking new and appropriate spheres of labor in departments not now occupied by them. Fouth—By sustaining a regisiry system, through which thowe out of work may be assisted in finding employment. Fifth—By appeals to the commuuity at large Lor that sy: pathy and support which is due to the otherwise defencele: condition of working ‘the association cou of wach gocletion us annually to Under this system the work has progressed ad- mirably. ‘Tne collections under the first clause have been very satsiactory, aud the courts have uniformly sustained the working women vn an issue of uon- payment of wages. For the past year 300 complaints against em- ployera resulted in the collection of $1,400 for the detrauded, Applicants for work were vumerous, nd 14,250 asked for positions through the Union and 2,772 were furnished with watsfactory places, Employers wanting help applied to the number of 1,117, and always were furnished wiih from one to twenty at a time, this aggregate 281 were widows, 33 soldiers’ widows, 50 soldiers’ wives, 105 women with husbands, 227 orphans, 247 half orphans, 239 girls with parents avd 66 homeless girls, In the leading trades they were apportioned as follows:— : +h persons and the presidents tweaty-tive dollars or more bellers. 36 Vest makers. ‘The bajance followed the minor trades. HOW THE BURRAU DOES BUSINESS. A girl desires employment, she goes to the office of the Union, states her case, and is given a ticket in this form:— z ; =< 3 Ly Will pleaee wetain thts Cheek. integers Wi stones retin WS ON on, Nov, 16,1600, ¢ Mr. Jonns, No. 100 Broadway :— ° H The bearer, Susan Koe, desires employment as a miili-$ 3 H 3 ; ner, She resides at No. 100 Apollo laue. The Working Wome: dorse th emplo; . 3 he well treated ‘and ae QOL ALLELE PEELE TELE TELE LOLI TOLLE LODEELEDETORELELEA If no places are open she then bas to wait her turn, Most of the girls who have applied at this bureau have been Introduced ea. and they have all turned out weil, Hundreds are pour- Ing in from the country ali the year round and most of them seek this channel through which to pass to a fair livelinood. rae age Hd that has been found to this institution is that educated and refined giris will not do mental service, or rather they will not go out to household service, or be placed on & par with kitchen servants, This justifiable pride could always be gratified, but housekeepers lusist that there must be no distinction in help, except, perhaps, #9 regards nurses and'seanstresses, The question js, shall (hese gitis eat tn the Kitchen? A large portion of them come from the country, Igno- rant of city ways, aud, accustomed to comfortable homes, they refuse to submit to that which offends their aeif-respect and often their sense of decency. ‘Ths 18 natural, In ail the operations of the agency Its success has deen surprising. Wages have been somewhat ad- vanced, und employers Lo longer swindle poor girls with impunity. A fine building has been purchased through tho liverality of Mr. Beach, aud ine sociely looks for contributions to wake up tue $17,000 In- debtedness on the building. CASHS OF EXTREME DESTITUTION. ‘The second floor of No, 48 Bleecker street is used for the offices aud livrary of the tnstitution. The rear Apartment is the office, and there the most heart Tending scenes can be witnessed every day. Buta few days since a tall, beautiful looking woman, wita @ large black eye and fauitiess features, a weil aided Mgure and a striking grace in every move- Ment, entered tue room and complained that she RO money to buy browd for ber litte children, tive Union does not en- character of eecvesevereseceteetees 1,800 | to save her children. “ severe Suguish she was undergo! It was not for hei self, She never mentioned her own case, but for Her children deserted by @ heartless father and left to the cold charities of the world. Work Was soon found for ner, This —for she leis & ptr rc mama of br. Aaaray ch urch, the Fie le of worship in avenue, Chris- tans, take notice | : The sad and interesting cases that can be seen at all times in this institution are often of the extremest hature. One American woman, now elghty-eight ears old, lives in want and suffering, unable work. She 1s too proud to go to the Almshouse, betleving that seventy-six years of patient indusiry entities her to some consideration from the world. Auotler Woman, at the advanced age of seventy- seven years, still works, and refuses any charity of any nature, and ts going to die as she has lived, in independence, The letters received from all quarters, and espe- cially trom women assisted, are flattering to the union, and place its labors in sharp contrast with that pretended body of co-operative women that Meet to discuss questions of suffrage and free love, and thus to injure the cause of labor py confounding the two bodies in the public mind, A SPECIMEN BRICK. The following letter, written in a beautifal run- ning hand, trom @ country girl, is among the nu- merous ones on file at the Union, and we give it as indicating the degree of intelligence that exists among this clasa;— Beproxp, Westchester county, N. Y., Nov. 13, 1869. DEAR MADAM-*Yours of the 9th {ust.” was duly rece Just before receiving it we heard the unexpected ne} the cholera was in the harbor. We bad not supposed it would be th I feel very reluctant to have my sinter exposed to it, and she fecls equal reluctance for me to incur the danger.’ The friends whom we have consulted think that it would be presumptuous and wrong for us to go at present, Thins, especially to my slater, a very severe dis. appointment; but we bave the comfort of. believing it im ail for the beat. ‘Ihave just writte to Mr. T-— telling bim of our change of purpose. Possibly the prevalence of the cholera will prove ouly transient, and after it shall have pas May still hope to go to the city and work. T am very sorry to have made you unnecessary trouble. T know that your time ia valuable and 1 regret to have need- Jeasly encroached upon it. [shall be almost afraid ever to ask the ald of the agency again; yet my sister andI have been s0 happy u the prospect of being together and earning money that I can hardly bear entirely to relinquish the prospect, T hope you will excuse us for the trouble we have made Foy and will think that we have done right in changing our purpose. Very respectfully, yours, A. A NOBLE GIRL. One of the most interesting cases In the city is that of the young girl who bas been provided with work by the Union, and who writes as follows:— Draw FRiEND—I now take the hurried opportunity of & e, writing to let you know how Lam getting along and the rea- gon why I have not been to ree You ag prom You must think [ keep my word wonderfully well; but st was an Smposslbility for me to get out at tweive o'clock, as the rule is 8o strict that no girl {s allowed to leave the building after entering, and itis always fifteen minutes after six when I get home, #0 that it is too late, and if we are notin at the mln- ute of eight in the morning the door is locked. . M. ©. MoT. Down toward the North river and up four flights of siairs, In a lenement house, situated at the rear of No. 324 West Twenty-first street, the writer went in search of this young girl of fifteen years of age. Knocking at the door a low, sickly volce sald “come in. ‘The door swung open and we stood in the apart. ment. The ceilings were about eight feet high and the room might have been twelve by fourteen. There was nothing but a few irregular patches of carpet upon the floor and a cooking stove, with meagre uiensils, stood about the centre. One or two rickety chairs, an old fashioned clock, & few pieces of crockery aud some of the plainest articles of wear were ail that could be seen, ‘The walls were black and dirty, the room had no ventilation and the air was foul and unhealthy, but everything bore @ sem- blance of ueatness unusual in such abodes, ow wuch rent do you pay??? “Bight dollars a month,’ replied the invalid woman. “What means of support do you have?” “My daugitler, @ girl of fifteen, works on the Machine, earning six dollars a week.” “fs this ally? ‘All for herself, myself and two children,” and as she gave this answer she was selzed_ with Lorturing pains, Which made her writae in acute agony, For gome time she was in a very distressing condition, but at last in @ weakened condition insisted upon relating her story. it appears that her daughter, the sole support of this Iamily, has to work often from early in the morning Ul late at night making rufilings and other kinds of fancy work, for whico sie receives the merest pittance, She ts often overworked gnd down sick, and then her income ceasea, This is a com- mon case, Mothers Who have brought themseives to the verge ol the grave by industry for their children in turn have to give up the support of the family and depend upon the toiis of a single child. Here is an instance which is typical of a large body of the working wo- men. The young girl receives about six dollars a week for her ceaseless lavor. She is driven to pain and siowly gathering disease, and finally brings up go that she is prevented from gtving all ner time to the prosecation of her trade. It is to relieve such as she irom suffering that t suggestions as to hours and Means Of obtuluimg ncreased Compensation have been proposed. ‘ THE COST OF TRAVEL. One of the worst features connected with the cheap living 18 the cost of travel, which all women, who reside & good distance from centres of trade, must bear. Not until Mr. Stewart las ouilt up nis Hempstead Plains wilt this question receive tne attention it deserves. Employers forget that tweive cents a day reduces a girl's wages one-sixth every week, and takes just so mach from ‘her meagre livelihood; but when working women shail be quartered at dis- tances from the city where daily fares of from twenty-fve to Wuriy cents will be required their wages must be increased or the whole system of cheap rural homes must signally fail, As itis now the working women generaily live in the Tenth, ‘Thirteenth, cleventh and east portion of the Seven- teenth wards with many in the Highth ward. San- guine believers in the utility of Mr. Stewart's scheme declare that 50,000 women will populate the fusure city of Mempstead, ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS. Artificial Mower making 1s a@ good illustration of what new fieids of labor can be opened wo working women, Unly fora short time have these articies been manufactured at all in New York; but now Uhat as a domestic stock they have @ large sale, it may safely be said that ail fancy goods now solely manufactured in Paris must in w few years be turned out by the women of New York, Tus isa fine prospect, In flower making an expert hand can make twenty dollars per week—over $1,000 & year—with- out heavy Jabor., Certatnly this 1s good pay. Butit takes long and close attention to become an adept, and the girls are not Kept long enough at one de- partment to allow their general success at this stage of the trade. About 1,800 are employed in this work. Of this number a large proportion are small gtris earning from $2 50 per week upwards. These children do not learn quickly, but a zealous apprenticesiip produces efi- ciency, ‘The labor is heaithy, the hours from eignt A. M. to six P. M., with an iutermission for dinner. From six to eight years im this business generaliy allenates agiri from the trade, and she closes her career by marriage or by exit wnrough other chau- nels, ‘The average pay 18 seven dollars a week, MILLINERS. Wholesale hoses engaged in the manufacture of hats afford employment to a large class of girls. ‘Their work is paid for by the piece, and the mil- liners frequenuly make twenty dollars per week, but not for the year round, While it lasts the employ- ment is lucrative. Manu: rers believe it to be the best labor wherein gir Oo realize tne highest wages. In this department, as in the manufacture of aruficial flowers, when one becomes an expert, she is retained whether there 18 work or not, 90 that m certam trades proficiency is fittingly rewarded. The wages paid in New York, as compared with those given in Newark and throughout New England, are much higher, But itis found tn all cases that the best workmanshtp cag be produced in the city, The great industrial problems affecting women must of course take 1, as their data, external tn- fluences, Which 80 powertully affect the question of pay. Arising principally in New England, and in the seacoast manufacturing towns bordering the Hudson and Sound, they extend all over the Union, aud some are even so remote as India, it will be seen what a complicated question it becomes when tariffs, internal revenues, local taxes, specniations, movements i real estate and increase of popula tion must all have a place in the fair exniois. WHERE WORKING WOMEN LIVE. A working Woman's boarding house ts situated at 45 Blizabeth street. It was founded to subsist 500 females at actual cost. 1t requires references pefore ‘receiving boarders, and in many cases of country wis coming to the city this system bas operated harshly. Tne following is the annougcement:— ‘This house offers to women a pleasant home, at less ex. pense than can elsewhere be obtained. Room reut, gas, Washing, use of partor bath room, #1 2 per Meals in. the restaurant at moderate theronghly examined before admission. obtained at the ofllce, mple bill of fare here is on! « 2cents Pie.. . 2cents Meat restatirant are soi week. » ences Particulars can be 32 ) pon giv- walters the disues are provided. Boarders cao live in this house for three dollars a week. GIRLS! LODGING HOUSE, TAY CHEAPEST PLACE IN THE WORLD, situated at No. 126 Bleecker Street, is probably the wk ews ° ing them to the cheapest place of living in the universe. — The insti- tution is the Girls’ Lodging House, under the patron- age of the Woman's Aid Society. ‘Ine building isan oid fashioned private dwelling, and the upper rooms are used for siceping apartments, wit ten tron bedsteads in each. Meals can be obtained, and @ poor girl can live for $140 a week, The followlag exiibits the price Lodging. . - Scents Dinner. 5 cents Breakfast » Scents Suapper.. 5 cents ‘The prices charged snake the giri independent, but do not cover the cost. Meals supplied are, of course, pla, but they nourish and are healthy and clean. TIE CHRISTIAN HOME, : at 27 North Washington square, is the most perfect boarding house m the city for working wowen, ‘This institution 1s under the presidency of Mrs. Marshall ©, Roverts, and is nearly self-supporting, Giris board there at from three doilars aud fifty cents to six dollars per week, have clean beds, good and wholesome food, large pariors and everything tn the line of home comforts. As the in- stitolion 18 handsomely sustamed, it has been very successful and the applications for board are always In excess of the accommodations. There are at present eighty-seven boarders in the house, There are other houses of a similar nature to those de- senbed, and in general lt can be said that wapy of plaints are made of bad administration, SUMMARY. With our almost exhaustiess fubjoct we have only been able to give but the merest outiiaes, and many of them indistipetiy, But we bave shown that jus- Uce, and pot charity, is demanded by the working women of New York; that their wages are inadequate and will not average six dollars per week; that their hours of work, not including household service, will average one-half of the twenty-four; that female competition, lack of organization, want of funds, protracted laber, and the flash extravagance in dress, all operate to depress the wages of the work- ing women; that the Working Women’s Union is a noble and beneficent institution, and deserves the aia and encouragement of ail charitably disposed; that new departments of labor are opening and that old branches are developing and that the recognized charities are performing their missions. These are all questions of vital interest, for in them 1s the sal- vation or déatruction of the working women on this island, ‘The severe winter is here. Chill blasts begin to penetrate the damp and cheerless abodes of the nimble fingered widows. Orphans grow sick, suffer from the cold, wither from hunger and die; but the World moves on, and with it a misdirected, misap- plied philanuhropy. Suli the needles piy and still capital feasts upon the prostrate form of labor. O men, with sisters dear; with mothers and wives! It is notiinen you're wearing out, But hurnan creatures! lives! Btitch—stiteh—stiten, __ in poverty, hunger'and dirt, Sewing at once, with a doubie thread, ‘A sbroud as well asm ehirt, THE SUPERVISORSHIP. The Fight for the Appointive Office Becoming Lively—Three Richwonds in the Field— Foley Armed with a Writ of Mandamus from the Supreme Court—Henry Smith En- trenched Behind the Corporation Counsel's Opinion—Jacob Cohen on the Skirmish Line—No Perch for Victory Yet. The fight for the appointment to the Supervisor- ships on the second highest number of votes cast 13 at last commenced in e#rnest, and the prospects are that the counsel somewhere will make good fees, and that some one or two of the aspirants will be sorely disappointed, At the first meeting of the Board of County Canvassers Jolin Foley and Jacob Cohen each fed protests against the counung of any votes in favor of Henry Sinith, on the ground that, being at the time of such election and still holding the office of Police Commissioner, he was ineligible. The matter was referred to Richard O'Gorman, Counsel to the Corporation, for his opin- jon thereon, which he has already rendered, and which will be found below, Neantime sohn Foley has obtained from Judge Clerke of the Supreme Court the following writ of mandamas, directea to the Board:— THE WRIT OF MANDAMUS. THE PEOPLE OF THE SraTe OF NEW YORK TO THE BOARD OF COUNTY CANVASSERS OF THE COUNTY or NEW YORK, GREETIN Whereas, as we are informed by the complaint of John Foley, and which complaint we have Al ce to be true, at a general election heid in the State of New York, on Tuesday succeeding the tinst Monday of Noveuber, 186%, John Foley, of the city and county of New York, and an elector of said city and county, was voted for at such election for the office of Supervisor of said county, and that votes were cast for Henry Smith, of sald city and county of New York, at said election for the said o(tice of Supervisor; and at the time of sald election said Henry Smith was one of the Commissioners of the Metropolitan Police District of the State of New York, and had not resigned within thirty days pre- vious to the date of the day of said clection, and as claimed by said John Foley such voses are void and of no effect; and that Waiter Roche, of sald city and county of New York, was also voted for at said elec- tion for the office of Supervisor of sald county, and received the highest number Of voles cast at said eection for sald office. And wuercas the statements of the canvass of the votes in each election district of said county polled at satd election tor tue office of Supervisor of said county, duly certified and re- turned in the manner prescribed by law by the can- vassers of each of said etection districts, and have been presented to you, whereby 1¢ appears that Walter Koche received the highest number of votes cast for the office of supervisor; that Henry Smith received the next highest number of votes, and Joon Foley recetvea the next highest number of votes cast at said election for tne oifice of Super- visor; and whereas you, a8 we are iL. formed, are intending to return, in viol; tion .of law, the votes cast for Henry Smith aforesaid, one of the Coiniissioners of the Metrovol- iten Police Disurict of the State of New York, wich votes are declared by law to be void, and have re- fused and neglected to deiermine that Johu Foley wus the person who received the highest number of votes for Supervisor next lo the votes received by Walter Roche, the Supervisor who received the highest number of votes cast at suid election for the ye of Supervisor, to the great damage of sald Joun Foley, as We are informed by lis complaint. ‘Tnerefore we, beiag willing that full and speedy justice in this bebalf should be done to said John Foley, command you tirmiy, enjommng you that im- mediately after the receipt of this writ you do forth- with proceed to estimate and canvass the votes as returned and certified to you and polled at said elecuon for the ofiice of Supervisor of the county of New York; that you desist and refrain from counting and canvassing the votes certified and returued to you as cast Henry Smiti tor the office of Supervisor of the county of New York, and that you strike out the name of said Henry Smith and the votes cast for him from your returns. Aud we do further com- mand you that after you have excluded the said votes for Henry Sinith you then determine what per- son has, by the greatest number of votes, been duly elected to the otice of Supervisor of said county, and also what person received the highest number of votes for Supervisor next to the votes received by the Supervisor who received the highest number of votes. And further, that you make and ceisty such statements as you are required by law to make, and certify and attest the same, and that you deliver a copy of said statement, so certified and attested, to the Olerk of the county of New York, to be recorded in the office of said clerk in the man- ner prescrived by Jaw, lest complaint shall again come to us by your default, Aud in what manner this our command shail be executed make appear to our sald Supreme Court on the 2vth day of Novem- ber, 1869, at the Court House in the city of New York, then ana there rewurning this our writ at twelve o'clock noon. Witness—iion. Tuomas W. Clerke, a justice of said court, at the City Hali in sald city, this 26th day of Noveinber, 1869, Allowed, this 26th day of November, 1869, F. Smyri, Attorney, T. W. CLERKE. The failowing is tue law under which it ts claimed that Mr. Smith is ousted as Supervisor, and under which also it ts held that he may be thrown out of his influential and lucrative Volice Commissiouer- ship: SROTION 2. Section six of the act hereby amended stall hereafter read as follows :— ‘Any one of the said commissioners or any member of the police force Who sual, aiter qualifyiuz in office, accept any additional place of public trust or ‘civil emolument, or who shall, during his terin of o! ¢ publicly nominated for any Office elective by the people, and ball not within ten days succeeding the jely decline the said nomination, shall be in either caso deemed thereby to have resigned bis mission and to have vacated bis oflice; and all votes cast ding ‘the office of police aiter he shail hare re OPINION OF THB CORPORATION COUNSEL. LAW DEvARTMENT, ANG. Orrick OF COUNSEL TO THE CORPORATI Nov. To THR BOARD OF SUPERVISORS JOUNTY CANVASSERS:— LEMEN—I have received two communiegtions in writing addressed to your honorable Boa! n taining the protests of Mr. John Foley and Mr. Jacob Cohen against the counting by you, in your capacity of county canvassers, 0! ballots cast_at the recent election for Henry Smith gor the oitice of Supervisor. Not finding any jetter from you accow- panying these papers, specifyiog the questions to Which you desire vo direct my attention, | ean only offer you advice on the points as to which, | suppose, you wish to consult ine. @ facts as set forth in the aMidavit and protests submitted to me do not seem sufficient to bring the cage within the influence of the law on which’ the ACTING AS contestants rely, as Warranting you in deciining to | canvass the votes cast for Henry Smith. (Section x, chap. 839, Laws of 1869) It is alleged that said Henry Smith, having encered in the office of Police Commissioner on May 19, 1869, Was, while in guco omMice, pubiic.y nominated for the office of Supervi- sor; Was # candidate for said office as the election held on tme 2d November instant, and that votes were cast for him at said election. It does not necessarily follow irom these facta that said votes were void. to @ resignation and vacation of the office of Volice Gommissioner, unless such nomination had been publicly aeciined within ten Gays alter the date of such public Bomination, It nowhere appears on the apers Ao such pubile dectination was made by iy. Smith. Commissioner held by Nita would have become, by operation of law. vacant on the explration of ten dave after the date of his public nomination for the office of Supervisor. Ail votes cast for him at any subsequent election for that ofmce would have been vaild, unless such election had been held within thirty day# alter such vacation of the office of Police Commussioner, Wi is nowhere alleged to have been the fact, I see Ly thing, therefore, in the papers submiticd by you to me to warrant you in departing from your ordinary practice, aud all ballots cast at said election should, in my opinion, be counted by you tn (he usual way. ‘The duties of supervisors in this respect are rather ministerial than judicial, and the facts being found by yoult is the office of the courts to apply the rules of law thereto, if their iutorposition be re- quired, Tam the more inclined to this opinion in the pre- sent case, because | think it is queshionabie whether the Legisiature nad the power to cnact the pto- visions on which the contestants depend. That t Of section 2, chap. 339, Laws of 1860, which aie “el t at any election Jor any person holding ne omnce of Polte om ther, er within thirty abe afta sail ba eo roaig! ed such office, shall be yoid,”” @, in effect, a didrancnise- len} of the totes a Well ag A dgayaldeAlgn of the for | Sach public nomination would, accora- | ing to the provisions of said section, Lave amounted | In default thereot the oilice of Police | ae candidate, and in 5 —— either aspect @ violation of tha State coustituuon, If tue Legislature can dis- qualify & citizen from being candidate for ofice for thirty days after he bas cessed to be Police Commissioner, it can so, diggualily him for tuirty years, or for the rest of hig life. If itcan so disqualify him who nas held this publio office, | see no reason why the same power might not ex- vended to other officea, HKesults fht follow, im- consistent with the spirit, and, in soe instances, with the letter of the State constitution. But It 18 in the light of @ virtual disfranchisement of the voter that this provision seems to me chiefly objectionable. in article two, section one, New York State consti- tution, are set forth, in detall, all the qualifications B enuiling a ciuzen to exercise of the rigat of suffrage. Possessed of these, his right vw vote at ali elections, for whom he pleases, and to have his vole counted us the ex- pression of his will, 1s perfect, aud cannot be im- paired by legisiative interference. He may vote for & person eiigibie or ineligible, and his ballot must be counted and nis choive be recognized and respected, even though the person of bis choice be found to be, by reason of some legal cause of diaqualification, subsequenuy unable to take possession of the oMic or to perform its duties, ‘The power to declare that @ vote cast for or against this man or that man spall be void—-1n other words, tat for or against this or that man the people's opinion shall not be expressed in its Most direct and authoritative manner—would be & dangerous power to vest in any Legisinture, and { entertain grave doubts whether it {3 vested in that of the Stave of New York. Questions of tus nature, however involving the constitutional right of the citizen, and the constitutional power of the Legislature to restrict these righis, are amon; the most difficult and delicate subjects of judicial invesligation, and only properiy tnd @ place in thie letter as indicating the doubts which have occurred to way mind, and toe reasons which have ied me to advise you to follow in this instance your ordinary practice of canvassing all the votes cast at the recent election, as the best means of enabling all parties interested to present the whole case to the revision of the proper tribunals, RICHARD O’GORMAN, Legal Adviser to the Board of Supervisors, THE BOARD of County Canvassers tet at noon yesterday, and without transacting any business a recess was taken unui Saturday morning, It is presumed that no action Will be taken upon the question of canvass- jug the votes for Supervisor until the mandamus of of the Supreme Court 1s argued and settied. THE CUSTOM HOUSE FRAUDS, The Result of the Conference on Thursday— The Frauds in the Weighers’ Department— Arrest of a Custom House Broker—The Affdavit and the Charge—Other Arrosts Soon to Follow—Civil Suits Against the Im- porters Contemplated, The public was informed yesterday through the columns Of the HERALD that the Collector of Cus- toms, the Naval Ofiicer, the Surveyor of the Port, the solicitor of the Custom House and the Unitea States District Attorney held a conference at the Custom House on Thursday afternoon. The object of this conference Was stated to be to investigate the evidence so far collected showing frauds inthe Custom House by fal tarns by the welghers of the weight of imported gooas, and to come to @ conclusion as tothe time when, and the manner in which, legal proceedings, whether criminal or civil or both, should be instituted against tlre defaulting parties, and also to submit to the judgment of the District Attorney whether the proofs now available in the several cases investigated would warrant and sus- lain a prosecution. Precisely what transpired as this conference did not transpire, ag all the oficera who took part in it are extremely reticent about the nature of their proceedings. But one of the results of this consultation became distinctly apparent yes- terduy afternoon, aud that In a way which certainly must have been anything but pleasant and gratity- ing toa Custom House broker, and to a firm which had employed him. The way in which this came about was as follows:— About noon Mr. B. G, Jayne, an oMcer of the Cus- ton House, appeared before Commissioncr Osbora and inade the following attidavit:— Southern District of New York.—B. G. Jayne, beimg sworn, deposes and says, as he is intormed and believes, thar one gohn L. Barton, actlug ag broker or agent for We tirm of Dymond’ & Lally, of tue city of New York, doing busmess at No. 109 Water street, in tue city of New York, did, in the month of August, 1805, In the city of New York, offer and give to one cdgar M. Carr and Moses W. Townley, the saa Carr tuen aud there being an officer of the United States, to wit, a weigher in the Custom House at Wwe port of New York, the sam of $800, as & brive for the purpose of procuring a false return of the eight of a quantity of coffee imported by said Dymoad & Lally, in the bark Wayfarer, by faeans of which false return, which Was made by procurement of said Carr and Town- ley, the revenue Of the United Scates was defrauded; thatin the month oi October in said year, ip the city of New York, the said Barton, acting as aforesaid, did Offer and give to the said Townley and one a, W. Van Winkle, the said Van Winkie dDeing then and there an officer of the United Staies, co wit, » weigher in the said Custom House—the sum of $1,500 as @ bribe for the purpose of procuring a false return of the Weight Of a quauttty of coflee Lmported by said Dymond & Luliy, in the bark Pyruiont, oy means of which false return, which was made by said Van Winkie, ae revenue of the United States was then and there defrauded. B. G, JAYNE. Sworn to before te this 26th day of November, 1860. JOHN A, OsnokN, United StatesCominissiouer, On presenting this aifidayit to the Commissioner, Mr. AL Purdy, Assistant District Attorney, who appeared for the prosecution, referred to the sixty- secona section of tie ac! of Congress, approved on the 13th day of July, 1966, making the ofering or pay- ing of such @ bribe as described in the etidavit a cruminai offence, aud on Lis application a warrant for the arrest of John L. Barton was issued, which described the offence that he ‘did ou or about the 16th day of August, and also on or about the 16th day 01 October, in the yeur 188s, at tie Southern Dis- trict of New York, offer and give and cause and pro- cure to beomfered and given money and a brive to an omicer of (he United Staves with intent to influ. euce such officer to commit and aid and abet m committmmg & fraud on the revenue of the United states, and to connive at and collude in, and alow apd permit and make opportunity for the Mission Of suc a tvaad.’’ This Warrant velng duly made out, signed vy Commissioner Osvorn and properly endorsed, was piaced mn the hands of Deputy United Stites Marshal Dowley, who forth With proceeded to Caecute its commission, About three o'clock In the afterseon the Duputy Marshal re-entered the Court House buildiug, ip Chambers street, with Mr. Barton in custody, Com- | missioner Osooru belag OtberwWise engaged Wwe pris- oner was taken belu.e Commissioner Bets, who heid Lim to bail in the sum of $7,000, which not forticouling at the Ume Barton Was comiitied in, delault of it tor examination. ‘Lluis 18 Whe first of these cases brought into court, and it is given out by the authorities that otuer. complats and arresis Will 800n follow, now that the government bas commenced prosecuuuy these frauds, The developments in this case promise to be “rich and racy,’ Inasmuch as several well Known: importing houses are implicated, as also tne pro- tges and relatives of promment politicians in the country, in the present case, for example, the name or A. W, Vau Winkle is mentioned, who is a son Of the smawr of West Virgimia of that name in nove of the other cases now pre- pariug for action by District Attorney Plerre- pont Nas it been tnouglt advisable to give the names of the parties implicated for publication; but When tnsis done Some startling revelations may be expected during the course ef the examina- on, not less astonisaing, probably, than in the re- markable conspiracy Wo deiraud the government by means of fictitious internal Kevyenue drawback claluns, though 11 18 said Uaat the frauds, by the art. fice of false weighers’ returns, were neither 80 Lumerous nor $0 extensive in amount, Several other Werrants were issued yesterday, partiy for the arrest of implicated parties, others ior the seizure of books of account and merchandise, but as these Warrauis had not been executed by sun- down last evening, the particulars of the proposed summary proceedings were not communicated. lt is the invention of the authorities, if successful in the prosecution for bribery, as stated in (he case against Mr. Barton, wo bring civil acuons for the recovery of the duty out of witch the revenue bad been de- fraudea, It will tuus be seep that the present revenue oMcers, a» well as the legal representatives of the governmentin New York, strive to do theic auty in the premises. COLLISON ON THE LOUSV.LLE AND NASHVILLE RAILROAD, One Man Killed and Two Woundeid. (From ue Nashville (Tenn,) Union and American, Nov. 23. One of the most serious aud damaging railroad accidents we have bad to curontelé for a length of time ocourred on the Louisville aud Nashville Rail. road Suaday morning. ‘ne accideat referred to occurred at four o'clock Sanday morning, at Vakiaud station, tweive north of Bowltig Green. A freight train, loaded ck, was coming southward. It stopped at the station, Wailing for the up passenger tram to pass the switch, Behind iis regular Ireight train there Was an extra passenger train coming down. on Not observing tie stoppage of the reguiar freight train, (ae extra train ran into it, The three bind- most cars were thrown off the track and sinashed all to pleces, as Was also the caboose attached, There were nine men On tue caboose at the fine, who were scattered peli neil by the débria of me shattered care, A man named Mvore was badly, probaoly dangerously, hart, being bruised about tie head, face and shouilers, and severely burned and scalded. A mulatto boy, whose name we did not ascertain, was also vadiy burned by the crash. Mr, A. R. Thompson, @ stock trader, was killed out~ right. He was dead when picked up frou under the rubbish of the smashed up cars. He was formerly from Claiborne parish, La., to which polit he was taking his stock, forty head, thirty-eight mules and tyo fine mares. Mr. Thompson’s remains were Duried near sunset Sanday ovening. Tag brought on to Bowling Green, were i ok me escaped uninjared. The extra rel) a ff yea injury, losing her smokestacs Re i! ger train Was stationary at the Ss ystol bt 1 Kime Of Lie Oo QYATEU GG