The New York Herald Newspaper, April 2, 1869, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, APRIL 2, 1869.—TRIPLE SHEET. NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR Letters and packages aeall be properly - sealed. . Rejected communications will not be re- turned. . All business or news letter and telegraphic despatches must be addressed New York Heravp. THE DAILY HERALD, pubtishea every day tn the gear, Four cents per copy. Annual subscription Price $12. THE WEEKLY HERALD, every Saturday, at FIVE --Ne. 92 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BOOTH'S THEATRE, 23d st., between Sth and 6th avs.— Romo anv JuLtBr. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway.—Tuk BuRLasquEe Ex- TRAVAGANZA OF Tuk ForTy THIEVES. WALLACK'S THEATRE, souoot adway and 18th street.— FRENCH THEATRE. Fourteenth street and Sixth ave- pue.—La Vik PARISIENNE. BROUGHAM'S THEATRE, Twenty-fourth st.—H1s Lees—Muon Abo Asout 4 MERCHANT OF VENICE. OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway.—Humrrr Domprr, wits New Frarunes. GRAND OPERA es corner of Eighth avenue and ‘Sid street. —Tus Taurrs’ BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery.—Tax SEvEN Dwarrs; OR, HARLEQUIN AND THE WORLD OF WONDERS. WooD's MUSEUM AND THEATRE, Thirtieth street and \way.—A(ernoon and evening Performance. olageruaz THEATRE, Broadway.—Tus WILLOW WAVERLEY THEATRE, 720 Broadway.—Euizm Ho's Buaiesgur Company—IvaNnnog. THEATRE COMIQUE, 514 Broadway.—Conic SkeTcuns ax Living Staruxs—PLO20. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth street.—Geaman RAMA—ELIZABETH, QUEEN OF ENGLAND. GERMAN STADT THEATRE, Nos. 45 and 47 Bowery.— ba BRIDEN KLINGSBERG, AC. \ rH pomeor. Fourteenth strdet.—Toe Hoss Ma- BINES, Sc. | MRS. F. B. pgeenars PARK THEATRE, Brooklyo.— Taise Bev SAN FRANCISCO MINSTRELS, 585 Broadway.—ETHIo Pian ENTERTAINMENTS—SIEGE OF THE BLONDES. BRYANTS’ OPERA Ai mireet.—Eruiorias Mini je, Tammany Building, 14th LBY, &C. TONY PASTOR'S OPERA HOUSE, 9M Bowery.—Comro Vooa.tam, NeGRo MINSTRELSY, NEW YORK CIRCUS, Fourte th atroet.—EQuESTRia® env Grunastio ENTERTAID re. STEINWAY HALL, Fourteen:b street.—Granv SuNvaT BcHooL Concern. FOOLEY’S OPERA H MineTRELs—Tur 4-T Toe 2, Brooklya.—Hoorer's c. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 613 Broadway.— SCIENCE AND Aur. TRIPLE ee THE HERALD IN BROOKLYN. Notice to Carriers cous iewuborions” Brooxiyn Carriers anp Newsmen will in future receive their papers at the Branca Orrice or Toe New York Heratp, No. 145 Fulton street, Brooklyn. Apvertisements and Svsscriprrons and all letters for the New York Haraup will be received as above. Europe. The cable telegrams are dated April 1. The Roya! Commission of the British Parliament, appointed to Inquire Into the laws of naturalization, recommends that naturalization abroad be regarded as §«alienating British subjects from their allegiance to England. The commission also recommends the total abolition of the disa- bilities of aliens to hold landed property. The Liverpool Chamber of Commerce « bas petitioned the House of Commons to support the present contract for carrying tne mails to America. The Bank of England has a/vanced ite rate of dis- count from three to four per cent. Anew Spanish Governor General has been ap- pointed for the Philippine isiands. Africa. Advices from Cape Town, rece!vedin London yes- terday, announce that a dreadful confiagration Yavages an immense tract of country in Southern Africa. A number of natives perished in the fames. Caba. ‘The steamer Comandiserio, recently taken posses- sion of by her passengers, has arrived at Nassau end been turned over to the British authorities, She will ve delivered up to the Spanish authorities and taken to Havaua, Colombia. Our Panama letter is dated March 4. The Senate tn Bogota has rejected the Cushing treaty for an isthmus canal by an immense majority, the commit- ‘Wwe having reported thatthe United States donot pay enough for the privilege. The press and the people generally approve of this action. Mosquera’s chances of recall are gaining strength daily. A pro- position for the impeachment of President Gutierrez ‘will probably be introduced tm the Senate soon. The emallpox was increasing in Panama. Peru. Our Lima letter is dated March 14. A decree for- Diddiog the emigration of coolies from Macao to Pera, owing to the cruel treatment reported to have been practised upon them by Peruvian farmers, has been received in Lima and considerable consterna- tion has been produced in consequence. The yellow fever continues to rage in the southern cities, but Lima and Callao remain beaithy. Bolivia. No disturbance occurred over the assumption of dictatorial power by President Meigarejo. He has famed a Ministry which comprises some of the best men of the State, Chill. Our Valparaiso letter is dated March 3. The polit- leal excitement is over, and a convention is spoken of to remodel the constitution. A large fire occurred at Valparaiso on the night of the 24 wit, Nearly all the houses inthe Calle de Cochrane and many in the Aiméndro were destroyed, and four persons were killed by the falling of walls. The toss is estimated at $300,000, The new ministers from France and the Argentine Republic have arrived. The govern- rent forces had made an effective raid ov the Arau- caniaa Indians. Central America. The epidemic in Guatemala had been checked by te vigorous sanitary measures of the authorities, A severe shock of earthqnake had been feit in Saiva- cor. AD investigation into the attempt to poison President Guzman, of Nicaragua, has been forbidden by the President himself. The tobacco monopoly has been abolished in Costa Rica, A decree of elec tion for President, to be held on the ist of May, has deen issued, Congress. In the Senate yesterday the Committee om Foreign Relations reported a biti to facilitate tne establish- ment of telegraph capies bet weeu this country and Eu- Tope, It provides that the United States ta to have oer- tain privileges guaranteed by each company before Permission will be granted to lay a cable. Mr. Fenton introduced a pill for the encouragement of yachting and improvements in naval architecture, which, with several other bills of minor importance, was refer- red. A joint resolution postponing the election in ‘Texas was referred to the Committee on the Judi- ciary. The Indian Appropriation bill was discussed and the Senate went into executive session, when the nomination of Longstreet was again considered. Senator Cameron made 8 strong speech denouncing Longstreet, and several others made sble arguments in his favor. No final action was taken, and the Senate soon after adjourned. In the House, Mr. Davis, of New Yor, introduced bills to define vacancies in oMce and to encourage the aetection of frauds on the government. The bill to organize a provisional government in Mississippi was taken up. The question was on Mr. Farns- worth’s motion to postpone the bill indefinitely and it was stoutly opposed by Messrs. Butler, Ward, Maynard and others, while Schenck and Dawes favored it. Another scene ensued, with Mr. Butler as the leading character, denouncing the course of Mr. Dawes and refusing to allow that gentleman to interrupt him. At the conclusion, however, the bill ‘was postponed by a vote of 103 to 62, most of the democrats voting with the majority, The House soon after adjourned. The Legislature. Bills were reported in the State Senate relative to additional notaries public in New York; amending the act establishing the Metropolitan Po- lice District; to amend the act relative to the ereo- tion of wharves and piers in Harlem river; to punish the issuing, procuring or use of fraudulent natural- ization papers, and several others, A number of bills were introduced. The bill incfeasing the sala- ries of Judges of the Court of Appeals and Supreme Court was passed by a vote of 18 to 10; also the bill reorganizing the Brooklyn Board of Water and Sew- erage Commissioners; also the bill abolishing the canal contract system by 17 to 10, Several other bis were passed and the Senate adjourned. In the Assembly the claims bill for canal damages was considered. Bills were ordered to a third read- ing for the relief of numerous persons; for laying out an avenue from Prospect Park to Coney Island, and several others, Bills were reported relative to the Wallabout improvements, of Brooklyn, and to the Hell Gate pilots. A number of bills were intro- duced, after which the Assembly adjourned. Miscellancous. The statement of the public uebt just published shows the total amount, less cash in the Treasury, to be $2,525,196,421. The debt during the month of March was reduced about $2,592,039, General Stoneman has been relieved from cem- mand in Virginia and ordered to his regiment. General Webb will succeed him. Among & quantity of nominations sent into the Senate yesterday by the President was that of John Allison, of Pennsylvania, to be Register of the Treasury, which was immediately ratified by the Senate. Two Southern delegations waited upon President Grant yesterday, but as he has expressed himself averse to having reports of such visits published no reporter was present. The freshet along the Hudson is subsiding, the water at Albany having receded six feet. The trains on the{Hudson River and Central Railroads are again running regularly on time. The steamer Utica arrived at Catakill at ten o'clock yesterday morning, being the first boat up from New York this season. Major Tatum, a negro, was hanged in Little Rock, Ark., on Thursday of last week, for the murder of a Mr. Merri!l in January. He met death coolly, tell- ing the people just before the fall to watch him, that his soul was happy. In the large crowa of people assembled was the wife of the murdered Merrill. Thomas C. Bowie, a nephew of Reverdy Johnson and of Governor Bowle, of Maryland, broke his neck by falling into a cellar in Kansas City on Tuesday night. The City. A. T. Stewart, Horace Greetey and William Orton have been appointed by tne Postmaster General a commission to effect the exchange of the present site for the new Post Ofice in tbis city for another site at the upper end of City Hall Park. ‘Yhe Board of Assistant Aldermen met yesterday and donated $5,825 to churches and charities. Juage Sutherland, of the Supreme Court, yester- day rendered a decision granting a stay of proceed- ings in the case of John Real, who was to be hanged to-day for the murder of officer Smedick. The scafloid at the Tombs was erected and all the prepa- rations for the execution were completed, when Real was informed that the stay had been granted, which will probably defer his execution for a year if not put it off altogether. The Inman line steamship City of New York, Captain Tibbitts, will eave pier 45 North river at eleven A. M. to-morrow for Queenstown and Liver- pool, The mails will close at the Post Office at nine A. &, on the 3d inst, The steamship Pennsylvania, Captain Hall, of the National line, will leave pier 47 North river at ten A. M. on the 2d tnst. for Liverpool, calling at Queens- town to jand passefigers. The Anchor line steamsaip Europa, Captain Craig, will leave pier 20 North river at twelve M. on Satur- day for Glasgow, touching at Londonderry, Ireland. The steamship Europe, Captain Danse, of the Gene- ral Transatiantic line, will sail to-morrow morning from pier 50 North river for Brest and Havre. The mails for France will close at the Post Oftice at eight A. M, 3d inst. The Merchants’ line steamship General Mead, Captain Sampson, will leave pier No. 12 North river at three P. M., on Saturday, 34 instant, for New Or- leans direct. Stocks yesterday were firm at the boards, but closed excited, weak and lower on the street. Govern- ments were iower and gold higher in response to an afvance in the Bank of England discount rate to four percent. Gold closed finally at 131%. Prominent Arrivals in the City. Mr. ‘le Lima, of the Brazilian Legation at Washing- ton; Jos. Price, of Hamilton; D. McInnis, of Halifax, and Joba Bramwell, of London, are at the Brevoort House, Theodore Johnson, of Texas; 8, Mandelbaum, of Detroit, and Samuel Shear, of Niagara Falls, are at the New York Hotel. Captain Bell, of the United States Army, and J. B. H. Shepherd, of St. Louis, are at ine St. Julien Hotel. Colonel N. F. Wicker, of Lockport; W. Dickman, of Wisconsin, and W, P. Barr, of Jacksonville, Ll., are at the St. Charies Hotel. General Kilpatrick; J. Rollins Squire, of San Fran- cisco; Raefel Creado, of Cuba; B. B. Graham, of St. Louw; EB. 8. Vreeland, of California, and L. Godey, of Philadelphia, are at the Metropolitan Hotel. Judge Cadwalader, of Puiladelphia; ex-Congress- man Burt Van Horn, of New York; General Shepard, of the United States Army, and Chas. A. Joy, of Bos- ton, are at the Astor House, Commissioner D. A. Wells, of the Internal Reve- nue Department at Washington; General Lippitt, and B. FP. Almy, of Providence, are at the Hoffman House, Governor Smith, of Vermont; ex-Governor Buck- ingham, of Com it: Colonel Willard, of the United States Army; Colonel Burnett and James Grier, of Obio; General Adama, of Canada; John Daf, of Massachusetts; H. P. Borie, of Philadel- phia; General Baker, of California; Dr. Wilder, of Alabama; Judge Rice, of Maine, and Colonel John Grey, of Massachusetts, are at the Fifth Avenue Hotel. 4. M, Harris and George M. Gill, of Baltimore; Colonel J. G. Hammond, G. M. Pullman and H. &. Sagert, of Chicago, and General H. 8. Robinson, of Binghamptor, are at the St Nicboias Hotel. Prominent Departarce. Raron Sechiozer, of Berlin, satled yesterday in the fteamer Eagle for, Havana; Judge Amasa J. Parker left for Albany; Judge Curtis, General Buford, Cap- tain Kolz and Marquis de Bourbol, for Washington; J. A. Thompson, for Racine, Wie; W. H. Cornetias, for Dayton, Ohio; B.C, Claxton, for Philadelphia; Richard Garvey, for 8a Francisco; Charies Blackie, for Washington; Dr. George MoMichaela, for Phila- delpuia, and J. 0. Hamiiwa, tor Raftaio. The Supplementary Currency Bill—Redistri- bution of Circulation. After a great deal of discussion the Senate has passed the Supplementary Currency bill. Tt has yet to be acted upon by the House. Looking at the length of time it has been under discussion in the Senate, the diversity of views upon it in the House and the proba- bility of an early termination of this session of Congress, there is not much chance of the bill or any modified form of it being passed. This would be the best end of the matter, probably; for though the national bank currency is very unequally distributed, and though the South- ern States particularly are in great need of currency and banking ‘facilities, this sort of crude patchwork legislation does not meet the wants of the country and is more likely to do harm than good. The debate in the Senate on the bill has brought out prominently the fact that our na- tional legislators are lamentably ignorant of the subject of national finance and ourrency. It hardly rose above that of a small village debating society. There was no conception of great principles or of facts that are general,in their application. Each Senator viewed the question from a local standpoint as affecting his own State or some particular interest in it. The views expressed were contracted, crude, varied and contradictory, and hardly any two Senators thought alike. The ma- jority voting for the bill did so probably more from a desire to dispose of the question than from any clear conviction of its merits. The whole legislation of Congress with re- gard to the currency from the beginning, and all through since the national bank acts were introduced, is based upon wrong principles, is vicious and opposed to the interests of the masses of the people. It is all in the interest of the few large capitalists and the bondhold- ers who own and control the national banks. The secret of this is that probably half the members of the two houses of Congress are directly or indirectly interested in these banks. Then the influence of the enormous capital in- vested in the national banks over Congress is almost supreme, and far greater than that ever exercised by the old United States Bank, which required all the power of General Jackson to destroy it. Instead of tinkering with the national bank currency Congress ought to go to the root of the evil and repeal the acts cre- ating the national banking as#6ciations, with- draw the whole of their circulation, and issue in the place of that legal tenders. The coun- try would then have a uniform currency, in- stead of the mixed one now in circulation. And who among the people would not sooner have greenbacks, based directly on the credit of the government than national bank notes, which in a crisis might not be represented by bonds enough for their redemption? But, admitting that they would always be good and redeem- able, or that the government, as some say, would be bound to redeem them, even at a loss to itself, is not a uniform legal tender currency far preferable to a mixed one, and to these bank notes which have not the character of legal tenders, nor any character at all, except that which the government lends them? With a greenback currency only there need be no difficulty about the distribution. Let banks anywhere—banks in the South or West, as well asin the North and East—use that, and let as many banks as people choose to establish or support be established. This would not inflate the amount of currency. Only the same amount of legal tenders need be newly issued as there are now national bank notes, and merely in place of these notes. The volume of currency would be the same, and the distribution of it would spread and follow the course of trade naturally without legislation of Congress. One uniform green- back currency and free banking would natu- rally distribute the circulation according to the wants of each and every part of the country. By substituting three hundred millions of legal tenders for national bank notes the bonds which the banks now deposit as security and draw interest from would be bought up and cancelled, and thus reduce the interest- bearing debt nearly three hundred millions and save to the Treasury and people eighteen mil- lions in gold a year, or about twenty-four mil- lions in currency. The result would be, then, a better currengy, and one which the people prefer, and at the same time a saving of twenty-four millions a year. Why should the banks get this enormous profit of a national circulation? Why should not the people—the overburdened taxpayers—get the benefit of it? Why lavish this vast privilege upon a few capitalists ? Our narrow-minded Congressmen argue that specie payments would be retarded by maintaining a legal tender circulation. This is a delusion. We should be more likely to return to specie payments sooner with a uni- form greenback circulation than under the present mixed currency or under a national bank currency only. As the population, wealth and trade of the country increase there would necessarily be a greater demand for currency, and if the circulation should be kept at its present volume it would appreciate and gradu- ally come to par with gold. The laws of nature and trade would regulate all that, The better the quality of the currency the greater the confidence of the people in it, and, conse- quently, the nearer the prospect of it coming to par with specie. The legal tenders, as we said, have this superior quality, and with them only in circulation specie payments would be sooner reached. It is unnecessary to go into the details of the Supplementary Currency bill just passed the Senate; for this sort of legislation is mere patchwork, is beginning at the wrong end, and can never improve the finances or the trade of the country materially. If our legis- lators cannot do better than this they should let the currency alone and leave the country to work out its own salvation. The Spiritualists, ove yesterday a report of the twenty- «ot anniversary of the Spiritualists, It was right and proper to make the report. But was it worth wasting either the time or the space that the report required ? That is the question, After twenty-one years it was certainly one of the most mis- erable of all miserable things. Chairs were set up for the two Foxes, the original found- ers of the sect, but only one was present, the other having some time since given up the thing as a humbug and o swindle, The absence of Mr. Kane was a big and heavy blow, but the absence of Judge Edmonds was know. What does it , one, two, three or ” boot skilfully used, egregiously to bridge the A the Spiritualists give us what we want? We fear not. If they oan, let no time be lost. Time really is precious, The Public Debt. The official statement of the United States debt for the month of March has been issued, and appears in our columns in s comprehen- sive official tabular form this morning. The arrangement of the exhibit is new in shape, more complete, more easily understood, and, consequently, more satisfactory. The inte- rest accruing on the national debt is included as part of the debt, and the Pacific Railroad bonds have been dropped as such. The amount of the debt, the principal outstanding, is $2,596,898,538. Interest accrued on debt, $39,303,916, Total debt, principal and in- terest, $2,636,202,455. The statement sets forth the amount of cash in the public Trea- sury at $111,005,993, which, being deducted from the whole total, leaves the debt at $2,525,196,461. According to the old form of government statement on this vital subject the entire debt would appear as amounting to $2,542,744,855, adding the amount of the bonds issued to the Pacific Railroad as at $56,852,320, and deducting the cash in the Treasury from the principal of the debt. The pleasing part of this financial table is the column which gives the public assurance by figures—which it is said cannot lie—that the public debt has been reduced during the month of March by $5,507,359, and an esti- mate that if all the rejurns could have been included a reduction of nearly six millions of dollars would have been shown—figures and facts which must be eminently satisfactory to President Grant. Rejection of the Darien Canal Treaty by Colombia. We have before us the report of the Senate Committee of Foreign Relations of the Congress of Bogota against the treaty recently nego- tiated by Mr. Cushing with Colombia. On this report the Senate refused, on the Ist of March last, to confirm the treaty, and it: is now void. The reasons for the rejection may be summed up in these three points :—First, that it does not sufficiently gharantee the sovereignty of Colombia; second, that the pecuniary advantages to Colombia are not sufficient; third, that the works should accrue to Colombia at the end of one hundred years, whether the constructors have received pay for them or not, For our part we rejoice that this treaty has been rejected. It started out with the recognition of a principle which is reptignant to international law, in con- flict with the spirit of the nineteenth cen- tury and an outrage upon the great present and prospective interests of the commerce of the United States. We allude to the recogni- tion of the principle that Colombia, in virtue of her claim of territorial sovereignty and without even the accessory of conquest and possession, is entitled to the right to tax all commerce that may hereafter pass through the isthmus. It is to be hoped that our govern- ment, openly and frankly abjuring the errors which former administrations have committed in recognizing this claim, will now inform the government of Colombia that it will recognize no such robber principle, and if it refuses to permit a canal to be cut it must take the logi- cal consequences that follow such refusal. The only way to treat a dog in a manger is to put him out. Committee of the House. Every mail from Havana continues to bring accounts of the terrible barbarities perpetrated there, many of them too horrible to commit to public print. Both partfes have for some time been committed to what is now called the retaliatory practice of shooting all prisoners, although it is evident that it was first begun by the Spaniards. Such has too often been the practice in the countries south of us, and it has become a general belief that it is an in- dispensable feature of their race. The pro- clamation issued by General Cespedes in January last fully relieves the republican gov- ernment in Cuba from this accusation. In ‘that document the Cuban leader details the correspondence he had with Brigadier Mufioz in December, then commanding the Spanish forces in Santiago, and expressly states his wish that the war should be carried on more in accordance with modern practices. The Spanish commander having treated his demand with contumely and persisted in his cruel prac- tices, the Cuban General was forced, in self- defence, to adopt the same policy and to de- cree reprisal in its most ample terms. This state of things is a disgrace to a nation calling itself civilized, and a shame to the age In which it is practised. The passage of the resolution reported yesterday by the House Committee on Foreign Affairs at Wash- ington will exercise some influence in this matter; and the knowledge by the Spanish volunteers, who now control the policy of the colonial goverment in Cuba, that the people and government of the United States will not look unmoved upon these barbarities, will have a good effect. Let Congress do its part towards stopping these horrid practices by passing at once the resolution agreed upon by the House Committee, and we will trust to General Grant what further action may be necessary in the matter. NatTuRALizaTion oF Esoysn Sunsors Aproap.—From London, by the Atlantic cable, we have the important intelligence that it is very probable the government of Great Britain will soon recede from the posi- tion which that country has maintained so ob- stinately and for such a lengthy period on the subject of the naturalization of its subjects in foreign countries, and their rights as aliens should they return to the United Kingdom. A royal commission, appointed to inquire into the subject, has reported, and recommends that & law be passed recognizing foreign naturaliza- tion as alienating British subjects from their ; the byroads of the country. cnaaainaEnEEnET { deterioration is wanted, and this is what we Barbarities in Cuba—The Report of tho j allegiance to the Crown. The Commissioners also think that the legal disabiiities which pre- vent aliens from holding landed property in the kingdom should be removed. This official paper comes in. decided compliment to the opinions of all American jurists on the gub- ject. Had the same spirit of moderation and good sense prevailed in England in the time of George III. the war of 1812, with the horrors of Dartmoor Prison, would have been avoided. The Theroughbred Horse. The multiplication of fair grounds through- out the country, and the liberal premiums offered by associations for the improvement of the horse, evince the great interest that is felt for the best development of the powers of that useful animal. The sphere of operations of these associations, however, is necessarily limited and entirely too narrow and local to effect such thorough improvement as we should desice to see. Their resources, too, are not always sufficient to al- low that pecuniary remuneration to breeders which is absolutely necessary to success in that specialty. There is always a great deal of expense attendant on breeding for improvement; so much so that many breeders are deterred from ope- rating in that direction. A mere medal, a ribbon or a small purse is of very little mo- ment to most men as a reward for the expense and trouble they have gone to in breeding select animals; besides, so much depends on the caprice and want of knowledge in persons appointed as judges at fairs that many of the exhibitors go home dissatisfied with their de- cisions and relinquish further attempts at breeding in the same direction. The thorough- bred, or race horse, however, has seldom come into competition at these fairs, the premiums offered at these exhibitions being generally for horses of a different class, such as trotting, road and draught horses. The thoroughbred horse lies at the very foundation of successful breeding, and is the rock upon which all improvement must be built. From him we get the high courage, the dense bone, the steel-like tendons, strong ligaments and the capacious lungs that are so desirable in the racer, the trotter and the road horse. To preserve this horse in all his in- tegrity can only be done through suitable tests, applied at such intervals as sound discretion may dictate. No other test is known than that of repeated trials on the race course, with weight and distance sufficiently great to indicate his speed and carrying powers. As a stallion, should he prove deficient in these trials, and be unable to carry such weights as a horse-should be able to do,when called upon—the weight of an ordinary man, for instance—or should the bones and sinews of his forelegs prove defec- tive, or his lungs weak, such trials would soon develop these facts, and warrant his rejection from the stud, no matter what his speed might be with a feather on his back. The ordinary race tracks throughout the country are not calculated to make these appropriate tests. On them horses are merely trained for par- ticular purposes, and run to win certain prizes, without any reference to the effect their doing so may produce upon the future improvement of the horse. As might naturally be expected from the system of racing inaugurated within the last few years, the tendency of it has not been to the improvement of the thoroughbred horse. The practice of abolishing heat races and of mbstituting dashes for them, and short for long distances, will end in ultimate deterioration of the horse if persisted in and no steps be taken to restore the ancient tests of heats, weights and long distance. Many of the horses now on the track at the present day, had they lived fifty years ago, would not have been tolerated for a moment ona race course. They would have been regarded as mere quarier horses, and their running would have had to be done on A remedy against sug gest :— The establishment of a race course in the vicinity of Washington, under the auspices of the government and under the control of the Agricultural Department, would afford a ready means of restoring the thoroughbred horse to such a degree of usefulness as would render him of the highest value to the country and inaugurate a new era of breeding throughout the land and do away with all inferior horses as stal- lions. On these grounds the qualities of the horse could be thoroughly tested, and prizes would be awarded to such as could undergo the ordeal required. The test would be heats of four miles each and carrying such an amount of weight as would be deemed necessary in the opinion of competent judges. There should also be an ordeal for trotters very similar to that adopted for the running horse, the distance and heats being the same for both classes. In these trials none but stallions’ should be allowed to enter, and from the winning horses will hereafter proceed tho general improvement of the stock throughout the country, as their services will be sought for in every direction, to the exclusion of inferior animals, An appropriation by Congress of one hundred thousand dollars a year to the Agricultural Department for the purpose of distribution as prizes would be a great in- ducement to breeders to enter into active com- petition for such premiums as might be offered. We might suggest that a prize of ten thousaud dollars be awarded to the winner of the four mile heat running race, with six thousand to the second horse, three thousand to the third and one thousand to the fourth. The same premiums should be awarded to the trotting stallions. This would give two meetings a year—one in the spring, oxclusively for the running horse, and the other in the autumn for the trotter. These remunerative premiums would operate as incentives to breeders throughout the country to breed none but what they deemed the most capable horses—such animals as in their opinion will repay them for their outlay by their future success. It will do away with all dash racing, and we will then hear no more of the arguments about two year olds, whether it hurts them to run at that age or not, for nobody will care a straw about it, as such short distance horses as two year olds must necessarily be, will have @ place nowhere. One tenth of this appropriation, in our opinion, would de- fray the expense of preparatory train- ing, 80 that breeders from remote sections of the country would be at no other outlay than the transvortation of thei kerses to Washington. The effect of these races would soon be visible throughout the land. It would do away with all weak and weedy etal- Mons, and in twenty years’ time we should have the most magnificent horses on the face of the earth, fit for the road, the saddle, or any other service required of highly bred horses. An appropriation for the purposes mentiondt above would undoubtedly receive the sanction of the President, for no man knows better than General Grant the value of efficient cavalry horses, and, the great lack in that arm of the service during the rebellion. He also knows full well that this amount of money will not be thrown away, for it will ultimately add a hundredfold to the national wealth in horse- flesh, brought about by the successful efforts of breeders to increase the value of their horses. The remainder of the appropriation, or fifty thousand dollars, might be advantageously distributed as premiums to fine carriage horses, improved cattle and stock generally; and also as prizes to individuals most suc- cessful in developing and exhibiting the staple products of the country at a Fair to be held for that purpose on the same grounds, Let a bill for the purpose contemplated be passed at once by Congress, so that the fret meeting may take place in 1870, and the new era in the improvement of horseflesh be inaugu- rated. That is the year for taking the census and of ascertaining the value and number of the different kinds of stock. Whatever may be the estimated value of horses at the time of taking that census, we will venture the pre- diction, should our suggestion be carried out, that the census of 1880 will show such an increase of value as will astonish the moss sceptical as to its profitable results. Prepayment of Interest on the Public Debt. Our national legislators are so absorbed in party political matters and about the spoils that they forget what laws have been passed. The Senate, for example, spent a good deal of time in preparing and getting through a bill to authorize the prepayment of interest on the public debt, and now, when this bill has been sent to the House, the discovery is made all at once that @ law for the same purpose was enacted in March, 1864, and remains on the statue book. Many of the members: of the present Congress helped to pass this law, yet they forgot the fact, though it is only five years since the law was passed. By this the Secretary of the Treasury is empowered to pay the interest on the public debt before it is due, by a period, not exceeding one year, either with or without rebate of interest upon the, coupons, as he may think proper, and he is authorized to sell gold in the Treasury for that purpose. This isnots bad use for the surplus gold in the Treasury to be applied to, if the rebate of interest be made for the time it is anticipated. It would be a saving of something. But it would be better if the large sum which continually lies idle in the Treasury, amounting in currency, per- haps, to a hundred and fifty millions, were to be applied to buying up the debt at market rates and while it is depreciated. This would not merely save some interest for the time being, but for all time to come, through the reduction and extinguishment of a part of the principal. But it is the misfortune of the country to have legislators and finahcial agents of small ideas, that are mere pedlers in every- thing and that know nothing beyond misera- ble, patchwork legislation. A Morprr Cask Brerore THe Supreme Covrr or tne Unitep Sratss.—The Twitchell Philadelphia murder case comes up in the Supreme Court of the United States to-day, on leave granted to counsel of the convicted mur- derer to file a motion for a writ of error touch- ing the alleged unconstitutionality of the law of the State of Pennsylvania on this subjeot. This is a new dodge and a new discovery. It is the first murder case, we believe, that has ever been carried up to the Snpreme Court of . the United States, but if entertained by that tribunal it will not be the last. Onthe contrary, if, by the law’s delays in this court on this motion Twitchell shall gain a lengthy respite—to say nothing of the chances of an ultimate escape— every convicted murderer with friends and money sufficient to employ a lawyer will have his case, on some constitutional quibble, carried up to the Supreme Court of the United States, and hanging will be limited to poor wretches without money or friends. At the same time the murder docket of the court within a year or 80 will supersede all other cases, and so enforce some spegial law of Congress on the subject, or an amendment of the constitution, if necessary, for the protection of the commu- nity against murderers, Tae Rrat Casz.—Judge Sutherland, upon grounds esteemed by him sufficient, has granted a stay of proceedings in the case of John Real, who was to have been hanged to- day for the murder of officer Smedick. This may do very well as a matter of law, but asa matter of justice what is it? It is a delay in the execution of a sentence accelerated, by out- side pressure. Comina Events, &0.—The home organ of one of our United States Senators declares its belief that it demands higher powers ‘‘to dis- charge the duties of Senator than to be Presi- dent.” That is the principle the Senate is now acting upon. But it is presumed General Grant will prove more than a mere ‘‘to be” President, ‘‘To be, or not to be?” that’s the question around the country. THE EAST RIVER BRIDGE, ‘The Military Commission appointed by the Secre- tary of War under a late act of Congress, to examine and report upon the plans matured for conneoting New York and Brooklyn by a bridge, is sedulousty at work. The commission, composed of Major Gen- erals Newton and Wright and M ajor King, were em- ployed yesterday inspecting the plan of Mr. Roebling as adopted by the East River Bridge Company. The designs were examined and notes taken with great care. The object was to sacer. tain whether the plans matured by Mr, Roebling could be recommended according ta the most approved rules of mechanical science. ‘The commission then proceeded to inspect the ground where the abutting pillars are to be built, ia order to examine the soil and to determine the cor- rectneas Is Mr. Roebling’s calculation as to the amount of pressure or weight the ground would ed the work of the comm: ones This rookie hg they will faye to oe Navy “a 1 with es bridge vou v wine interfere nat ver, the aatety of “the channel ant the ‘nc