The New York Herald Newspaper, December 30, 1868, Page 8

8 “THR MORSS BANQUET, Grand Sclentific and Commercial Re- union at Delmonico’s. “TI Will Put a Girdle Round the Earth in Forty Minutes!” . Speeches of Chief Justice Chase, the British Minister, Professor’ Morse, Attorney General Evarts and Others. Agrand complimentary banquet was given last evening at Delmonico’s to Professor 8. F. B. Morse, the distinguished electrician and inventor of the system of electric telegraphy, “in recognition of his eminent services to his country and the world.” Chief Justice Chas® ‘presided and was supported, on his right, by@the guest of the occasion, Professor Morse, and on his left by Mr. Thorgton, Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy Extraordinary. from the Court of St.” James to the United States. On the right of Professor Morse were seated President Woolsey, of Yale College; Professor Gold- win Smith, of England; Rev. Dr. Aaams, of Madison avenue Baptist church; ex-Governor Buckingham, of Connecticut; William E. Dodge, Amos Kendall, David Dudley Field, Hugh Allan, of Montreal; Richard Morse, brother of the pro- fessor, and others. On the left of Mr. Thornton were seated in succession United States Attorney General Wiliam M. Evarts, Major General Irwin McDowell, exeludge Edwarg Pierrepont, Rev. Dr. F. Vinton, William Cullen Bryant, A. B. Durand, President of the Academy of Design; ex-Governor Curtin, of Pennsylvania, and other distinguished gentlemen. The arms of all nations were suspended at inter- vais around the walls of the banquet hall and draped with the colors of the respective nations, in con- junction with the Stars and Stripes of the United States. An orchestra of sixteen selected performers, under the lead of Herr, Bernstein, made the atmos- phere of the hall und with the captivating strains of “Barbe Bleue,” “Geneviéve” and “La Grand Duchesse.”” The central mounted piece, im- mediately in front of the speaker, was an admira- bly appropriate design, representing Atlas support- ing the world. At the apex, or upper surface, of the globe stood Jove grasping the lightniny. On a zone encircling the earth were muniatare re- presentations of a sailing vessel and a steamship. Another zone was traversed by a course of mimature telegraphic wires, supported by mimic poles sur- rounding the sphere. At the four corners of the pediment were allegorical figures of Europe, Asia, Africa and America, each figure holding a golden wire which depended from the globe. A sheaf or series 6f golden wires were swung from the light-’ ning shafts discharged by Jove, and diverged In their ascension to an American shield over the speaker's chair. A statuctie of Franklin also graced one of the tables and a piece representing a semaphoric signal station occupied a position on éne of the tables, The arms of Great Britain and France sup- ported the insignia of the American republic above the chairman’s seat. Several telegraphic apparatuses were also at work in the room, receiving and scnd- ing out despatches to all paris. é The distinguished company, numbering 200 per- sons, entered the room at precisely six o'clock, and ‘The CHAIRMAN, When places were occupied, said:— ‘The Divine blessing gwill be invoked by the Rev. Dr. Adams. , Dr. Adams then offered an appropriate prayer. A short time before the dinner was concluded, and the first toast offered, Miss Morse, daughter of Pro- fessor Morse; Mrs, General Dix, Miss M. Aspinwall, Mrs. Huntington and Miss Campbell entered the room, resting on the arms of Mr. R. J. Aspinwall and three gentiemen, nephews of Professor Morse, who also bear that illustrious ngme. The physical banquet being completed, The CHARMAN rapped for silence and, on rising, Was greeted with applause, which he temporarily ‘Su pressed by saying:—\ou are a little premature, gentienen, in your welcome, Rev. Dr, Vinton will return thanks. Dr. Vinron offered a brief prayer, and The CHAimMAN, amid renewed applause, said: And now, gentlemen, will you allow me, what r ‘abled other place a word of personal is certainly in my oficial posi- ny oiticial duties nothing which would suggest an mvitation to me to preside this occasion. But the gentlemen who charge of the arrangements remembered eariier days of the telegraphic re friends engaged ia it, rsonal connection with it. me with an invitation tw be je on this occasion, But al- connection with it has long d, my inte ja those frieuds has abated bus J, remembering these things and he old interest in the enterprise, have upon ome iwerefore honore it and to pres! y_ person: accepled this invitation, mgh I would not be thought | yard when honors are to be patd to te legraphy. And i will now pre 1 upon Mr. Cyrus W. Field for any letters whic muy think. proper to present to us. Mr. PIELD Tose and stated that he had received messages from the President of the Untted States, from General Grant, from Speaker Colfax, from Ad- miral Farragut and many oth He also read a Gespaten froin Governor Bullock, of Massachusetts, in wich he expressed the live.iest sentiments of re- gard for the guest of the evening and the heartiest restinthe mark of respect thus shown him io New ork, concluding With the sentiment:—“Massa- chusetts honors her two illustrious sons—Franklin aud Morse A despatch Was also read dated “Lon- don, four o'clock P. M., December 29," in whieh the Anglo-American and Atlantic Telegraph Company expressed their pleasure at hearing of the banquet to be given this evening to Professor Morse, and begged to tender their greetings to that distinguished nan. ‘The despatch Closed With the latest quotations of “consois,” and elicited considerable laughter thereby, Chief J CHASE then arose and said—Gentie- men Will please prepare for the first regular toast. it is comp in six words, but they are words which are pever pronounced by patriotic Americans without honor, nor by intelligent men in any part of ihe world without respect—“The President of the United States.” The toast was drunk amid ap- piause, the company rising, and the band played “Hall Colambia.”’ the CiarkaaN—Americans can only repay with nratiinde numerous proofs considera uon, respect and honor which, by various sovereigns and peoples of the Old World, have been bestowea upon our illustrious fellow citizen on my rigut. But there sovereign and one people to Whom here especially these are due, and | mean the great and Queen of Great Britain—(immense and enthusiastic ap- plause, cheering and waving of handkerchiets)—and the great aud magnanimous English peopie. (Ap- plause.) As men of science their capitalists nnited im jurnishing the means for the laying of the transatiantic cable, and British ships co operated with American ships in that enterprise. (Appiause.) May they never meet m jess irendiy eucounters. * opplause.) 1 wil call upon my friend Mr. fon, the representative in this country of the om of Great Britain, to respond, (Applause.) Mr. 1HORNDON, the British Minister, then arose, amid great enthusiasm, and said: MR. PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN —I thank you sin- cerely and most cordially for the kind manner avhich the health of my beloved sovereign and of ether sovereigns and pations who appreciate the i@evraplic enterprise of the United States has been proposed and responded to by the distinguished com. pany here present, and more particulariy for the kind is one sentiments which have been expressed by Mr. Chief * Justice Chase, I hope I may be allowed to avail f this opportunity to express t the sentiments of esteem an e tained towards her jajesty jueen wy the press and le thtougont the iength and the breadth is great land. (Applause.) jam confident that there is no one in ind who is snore anxious than the Queen for the maintenance and improvement of that ‘mony and under- standing whieh ought to exist ween the two nations—(epplause)—and which 1s of sach vital im- portauce to both of them; and none who would rejoice 80 tmuch that all honor should be done to #0 great a benefactor to the human race as 18 the distinguished , to show our high appreciation of whose character we have assembied in €tuis place, I am unwilling, how- ictoria ever, to fil into A to Lomgtter erfor of falkiny much al peace. r and sopiauve.) “A good deal has been sa ‘Lardpe subject jately both im this country and in Bat ; More perhaps than is either absolutely necessary or altogether use'tl. (Applause.) Peace 1s not to be produced by taiking about it. (Applause.) sStates- men ht, I shouwl imagine, to endeavor to dis- cover at is iwose li{cely to engage men's interests and (0 convince them t1at@ State of peace is abso- ‘utely necessary to thei Well being, and to their moral and material covwfort. What can be more likely to eifect 1.8 than a constant aud comvlete intercourse bety¥een ail nations and ts ‘water discussing their affairs with those on the other, by means of the cable, at “so much” a minute, We hear, perchance, of some love-stricken youth of London or Paris whispering soit nothings along the cable to one of those bewit syrens of New York, (Applause.) I suppose it will be at 30 much an hour—(laughter)—she tem) him all the i] himself the gull which separates have statesmen— n states- your , Which will be better em- ed by those lends and colaborers of Gistinguished guest, who can 3} and are anxious to speak probably of the high qualities adorn him. I cannot, however, sit down without expressing my great sAtisfaction at being able, through the kind inyitation I have received, to contribute my mite o1 that admiration and es- teem for Professor Morse which must be felt by all prep oe ss banatachor ain creatures and of post ~ (Great Pp ihe army ita Nevrot the United States” was ge next regular toast, and Was briefly responded to y, Major General Irwin McDowELL, who said in the course of his remarks that since the inveation of gunpowder there had been no such eifectlve agents of warfare brought into requisition as were intro- duced by those three great men—Morse, Fulton and Ste) ee 2 ei ‘ne CHAIRMAN rose and said :~ GENTLEMEN—Allow me now to invite your atten- tion to the next regular toast, God has given un- derstanding to man, to be enpipet for His glory in promoting the happiness of creatures, AD in nothing that belongs to earta can the human tunderstanding be more wofthily employed than in the researches of science and in the works of invention. Science and invention may be called, perhaps not uafitly, the creators and thé ser- vanis of civilization, Sometimes invention, by a sort of intuition of principles, has grasped results and seemed to antipate science. More usually sci- ence, by tha. patient investigation of truth and the discovery principles, has prepared the way for the triumph of invention. All is realized science. lappaute) especially true of the legraph. I fatigue your attention with ancient and mod- ern devices for communicating intelligence at a distance; but it seems proper to notice here how many men of science and of what various nation- alities have contributed to that wonderful art and instrument by which the world is now bound with electric chains, shinmg names will at once occur to any one at ail familiar with the history of the telegraph. Among them I can pause to mention only those of Volta, the Italian, to whose discoveries the battery is due; Oersted, the Dane, who first discovered the magnetic properties of the elec- tric current; Ampere and Arago, the Frenchmen, Pig greatly Creare bay range % eerie upon ie same subject; then Sturgeon, nglishman, who may. be, said. 0: ave wade. the fmt elaatre: magnet; next, but not least illustrious among these illustrious men, Henry, the American. These are some of those searchers for truth whose names will invention be long held in grateful memory, and not among the least of their , to gratitude and remembrance will be the discoveries which contributed to the poasioility of the modern telegraph. But these discoveries only made the telegraph possible. ey offered the brilliant opportunity; tlitre was needed a man to bring into bet aew art and the new interest to whicn they pointed. And it is the providential distinction and splendid honor of the eminent American who is our guest to-night that, happily prepared by previous acquirements and pursuits, he was quick to seize the opportunity and give to the world the first recording telegraph. Fortunate mau ! thus to link his name forever with the greatest wonder and the greatest benefit of the age! But his work was not done when in 1882 he conceived the idea and devised the plan of the first telegraph. Long years of patient labor and constant perseverance were needed to bring the telegraph tnto use. Its first messages were hot transmitted until 1644. Even then, with something like prophetic tnspiration, he grasped the future and predicred the telegraphic connection between Kurope and America which it was reserved jor another distinguished American, kindred in spirtt and Kindred in resource, to ac- complish. Here 1 must pause, not, however, with- out uniting ail your aspirations in the fervent wish that our honored guest may live long and ren Eyed vo Remi f the distinction, reverence and gratitude ae has so honorably won. (Applanse.) I will now read the toasi ‘Our Guest, Professor S. F. B. Morse, the uence, who explored the laws of nature, wrested Electricity from her embrace and made it a missionary in the cause of human progress,’? Professor Morse rose amid great applause to re- spond and gaidi— GENTLEMEN—In rising to respond to the sentiment you have been pleased to put forth, I scarcely know in waat terms to thank you, and | feel somewhat at aloss to determine in what manner adequately to answer your expectations in anything 1 may utter, Various and conflicting memories crowd upon me at this momeut—memories which this demonstration has quickened into Life. What train of thought, what incidents of the in the brief mou allotted to me, can 1 select from this mass of recol- lections which may contribute either to your profit or your pleasure? By this demonstration you have put me into the delicate position of telegraphic standard bearer, not merely for my own country but for the world, and ted this position, un. supported by certain well acknowledged might seem to savor of “arc =werw May noi, however, save myself from a charge of presumption, and you from a charge of nationa: pre- judice, iff Tall back on the well pronounced verdict of other nations? Leaving out of view the personal honors awarded to me by so many of the sovereigns of the Uld World in conlerring upon me the crosses of various orders or Kuighthood, aud natioual scien- tific medais, let me r to the Congress of the Euro) n nations ¢ ened in Paris in 156%, at the suggestion of the Emperor of the French, the speciat object of which was to devise some “collective act of the nations,” “testifying the sentiment of pubiic gratitude” to for my invention, Ten of the principal nations accepted the call, and by their ambassadors formed this congress. The result of their debates was & unanimous vote of four hundred thousand francs to be presented to me (using the langn: of their accomplished President, the late ts, T did the frst English aitiough 5 3 nor did the r the first practical opera- | tion as “an agent vastly superior to any other ever sn Xhrican sleetomagctuctlograph in | deviea Dy the geauusof man. yet adn the opera telegrap! tints win claiming for the United Statesthe birthplace of | and Baltimore has not satisiled me that under any the ph do I claim too yr Arey oniags jo rate of postage that can be adopted its ues can the uished savaus of the Old and gome gigo" be made to equal its ex: jures.’? apne, the New World whose patient lators Pd brilliant | from so responsible and official a source, could not discoveries p) red the way for its advent? No | but operate disastrously upon Congress in to one more sind@rely appreciates than myself the $hy, Proposition for the of the invention. acientific researches of Oersted, of Schweigger, of | But Apinence of that opinion was felt beyoud the Ampere, of Arago, of Benrga0? of Ohm, tet Walls of ‘The companies which had been day, of Dana and a host of distixguished workers formed for constructing the telegraph from Balti- the mines of science, from our of country | more to New York and from New York to Builal without Whose labors, and the mate: I Diustion which they furmshed, the tele; .of the day would still have been unl ‘These labors and researches were oqutihy pocossai in making effective the elecTo-magnetle phore, which followed almost inmediatel 1 magneto-clectric discover; the renowned Danish philosopher, Oested. ‘To a distinguished savant of our own coun‘ry it is also claimed belongs the discovery of a prnciple in galvanism which made practicable the electro-magnetic semaphore, and the electro-magietic telegraph as well. How- ever this may be, there are few in the count whom science is met@ indebted for valuable lal and researches thin Professor, Henry, the eminent Secretary of the Smithsonian Institute. Nations, from time immeworial, have claimed honor to them- selves for giving ¢o the world, through some of their subjects, Valuate discoveries and spirited, earnest, and even angry contentions have arisen to estgvlish their respective claims to the invention or discovery in the vidual whon they put forth as the originator, and upon vhom they poncenirate their regard, In this individualizing of inventions and discoveries there Jurkga species of injustice not easy to avoid. It is rarely, if ever, that invention ig so independ- ent of al others that le individual can justly fegraplt oudal’ th dit ‘grap | eq e expenditur: born. | paral; a for to | should they not have the c: E belief that the revénues would at were for the moment and but for the indomitable energy and faith of some of tuose men who early em- telegraph might even now be looked upon a8 too expensive to be practical. If the sacrifices, the labors, the faith and pecuniary means of those who have borne the heat and burden of the or have de- monstrated through thirty years of trial the pecuni- ary value of the telegraph to be, not one handred thousand doll: but millions of dollars, it and the profit due to their confidences and labors in the novel invention ? If, therefore, in this age of telegraphic development, the government has at length appreciated the policy of possessing the telegraph and attaching it (as I originally proposed) to the Post OMlce Department, I ventions ; and | will not doubt that a proper sense of justice will 80 " mfluence the proceedings of Congress on the subject that neither the present owners of the tele- erson of some indi- ‘| graph nor the public shall have just cause of com- plant. I have many thoughts that crowd upon me for utterance suggested by friendly faces at this board. I cannot but recognize “here assembied all the living organizers of the New York, Newfoundland and Lon- don Telegraph Company—the forerunner and the appropriste to himself the entire credit of all its | harbinger of the Atlantic telegraph, an enterprise parts. %& is only when the nature of inveation iq | the consummation of which has justly conferred such properls understood that the justice of the ascription | honor on one of them present this evening, and to of honcr to the individual inventor is perceived, In- vention is Spphatically combinasone an assembling or puting together of things known, whether discov- witom the two continents are so largely indebted, whose labors have been 80 gracefully and magnant- mously acknowledged by the nations whom especially erics or other inventions, to produce a new ik od he has benefited. — ‘Tities and honors, weil deserved, crea anew art. But whither am I straying? 4 cuseme, gentlemen, I did not mean to go into the mph raion of invention, capecially before 80 Fm see before me (our distinguished presidin; officer among the rest) 80 much more able intelli- gently to discuss them. I would briefly touch upon another subject grow- fog ont of the great and widespread extension of the telegraph. 1 trust it will not be considered ir- relevant to this occasion if J allude to the movement just now making in Col to attach the telegraph to the Post Orfice Dep: has thought proper to bi forward, I would simply allude to some ‘inetorlo teets, which it may be useful to remember in endeavoring to reach @ just judgment in the matter. ent. I neither advocate | ranks you well know it cost me many a pang.. On oppose any particular measure to that end which | not leave you until I saw have been the meed of his eminent British associates; tatles and honors which, had he been a Briton born, would have been equally bestowed on him, yet the name of Field will need no p nor sumix to keep it in honorable remembrance in -both hemis- pheres. in casting my eyes around Iam algo most agreeably greeted by faces that carry me back in memory to the days of my art struggles in this See early days of the National lemy of esign. Brothers (for you are yet brothers), if I left ioe r ‘ou well established and entermg on that carcer of prosperity due to your own just appreciation of the important duties be- longing to your profession. You have an in- It may have passed | stitution which now holds, and, if true to your- out of the memory of most of the present genera- | selv will continue to hold a position in tion that the idea of attaching the ph to the | the est tion of this appreciative community, If Post Office ment Was 8 ited in the very | I have step aside from art to tread what seems earliest stages of theinvention. It was firstbroached | another path there is good authority for it in in my correspondence with the Treasury Depart- | the lives of artists. Science and art are not opposed, ment more than thirty years ago—in 1837—but | Leonardo da Vinci could find ‘congenial relaxation under very dilferent circumstances from the pre- weat, I proposed in my letter of 27th September, 1887, to the Secretary, the attachment of the tele- graph to. the Post Office Depertment. The Secretary, the late Judge Woodbury, seconded the proposal in his letter of December 6, 1837, to the Speaker ot the House. The proposition was repeated in my letter of February 16, 1838, to the Chairman of the House Committee of Commerce. It was again proposed by Hon. C. G, Ferris from the same committee, Decem- of qhotation:—“So inviting,” he says, “are the. pects of profit to individual ete’ that itisa matier of serious consideration whether the govern- sent opportunity of securlug to itseif the regulation of axystem which, if monopolized by a private com- pany, might |e used to the serious injury of the Post Ouice Department” (and piease pote his remark Which follows), ‘which could not be pre- vented without such ap iuterierence with the rights of the inventor and of the stockholders ag could not be sustained by justice or by public opinion.” ‘The far-seeing mind of Mr. Ferris comprehended the Count Walewski) “as an honorary gratuity and as a reward altogether personal for my useful inbors”— “a collective token of the public gratitude justly ex- citea by my invention.”? In 1365 an Interdational Convention was assem- bied in Paris, representing twenty nations, compris. ing nearly all if not all the nations of Europe. As one of the results of their deliberations, tis conven tion decreed in ita third article:;—“The apparatus Morse is provisionally adopted for the service of alt the international lines.” Still more recentiy—in the spring of the present year—another luteruational ‘Telegraph Convention was assembied ta Vienna, which has confirmed the previous decree and added another apparatas, an American modification of the welegraph, announcing that the Morse and i Hughes apparatus are adopted for the Internatfonal tines, These simpie historical facts, 1 think, are suim- cient to rescue both you and myself from any — of presumption in claiming for the United States the position of having given to the world the modern telegraph. ln the milnds of some, however, perhaps tne question may be agitated, Whence and when did the telegraph, now universally adopted throughout the world, originate? Is it an invention originating here, or Was it a foreign@invention, first in; from abroad, receiving improvements on this side of the water, and then returned to the Eastern continent’ ‘These questions, I think, can be satisfactorily solved. Let me premise that the inStrumentalities for the [ok gd of intercommunication at a distance, which lave been used from time immemorial, are naturally divided into semaphoric and telegraphic—the for- mer, a$ its name indicates, conveying a signal, evanescent in tte nature ; the latter, as ite indi tly recording a both these systems lave been confounded under the general name of telegraph, pone are strictly tele- graphic but those which propose and accomplish a permanent record. In considering the question of the paternity of modern telegraph, therefore, this — a gy jon Lect Log) a madd Hi = in claitn my country the rity of w telegraph, I at the same time ‘disclaim the origina. tion of stein, except as the nataral concomitant or result of the telegraph. A proper observance af this distinction between the semaphore and the telegraph would long since have removed many of the causes of apparently conflict. ing claims to priority, For example, the ‘lish system, elaborated in 1836 and estabiisied in Great ritain in 1837, through the energy and skiil of the ingenious Mr. Cooke, sul juently aided by Profes- sor Wheatstone, is a semaphore. Whatever its mer- its, however, as @ semaphore, It 1s @ jact universally wiedged, as we have shot by ali the nations of the Eastern as weil as the Western Continent, that it has given place to the ih. The tele- graph has everywhere sup} and this not only in the Cont tal but extensively in the United Kingdom itself and in all the British colo- uuies. Whence, then, and when did the telegraph come into existence? I need not go into detail further than to recapitulate two or three essential dates, fa- millar, indeed, to all who have read any authentic png AS yy an In 1832, on ae nine, an ship, in her voyage wre to New Yor the first telegraph was coonesived and its essential peculiarities brought forth and elaborated. In 1836, according to the concurrent testimony of many wit- nesses, it lisped ite first accents and automatically recorded them in this city, @ few blocks only distant from the spot from which I now address you. it was a feeble child, indeed, ungainly in ita dress, stammering in ite — but it had then all te distinctive features and characteris. tics of its present manhood, need = not frouble you with the maladies of ite wun- fledged infancy, mainly the resulta of its parent’s struggies against poverty and the infnence of the substantial increauilty of those Wio could have res- cued it from its obscurity, It found a friend, an ef- Acient friend, in Mr, Alfred Vail, of New Jersey, who, fature of the telegraph, and in prophetic vision of just such a state of Uhings as now exists (and this at ® period in the history of sae telegrane before its practical test had been accomplished), ne urged the government to possess Itself of the invention, when none of the dificulties could occur, which he fore- saw must arise from interference with vested rights. Why were th disregarded iu that day?’ A brief narrative of cer- tamevents im the eariy history of the invention, when it was a supplant for aid in the halls of Con- gress, will give the answer to this question, I must not detain you with too much detail, but the con- trast of then and now cannot fall at least to amuse you, The session of 1837 and 1888 passed aw: with no other action on the subject of the telegraph than unapimgosly favorable report from the House Com- mittee of Commerce. An interval of four years occurred before the attention of Congress could be again roused to consider the matter. Senator Benton, in the abridged debates, gives in brief the kiud of re- | American people. ception the pti! for aid to vest the telegraph met with in the House from certaip members, As the narra- tive is very short, allow me to quote it;— Hovse oF REPRECENTATIVES, made fn order to test the merits of Morse’s electro-magnetic telegraph. | ‘The bill appropriates $80,000, to be expended under the direction of the Postmaster General. bill, "Aw the present Congress had done much to encourage tence, bi jot with to see the science of mesmerism lected and overlooked. He therefore proposed that one- the appropriation be given to Mr. Fisk (a gentlemau at that thie lectaring in Washington on mesmeriam), to enable him to carry on experiments aa wel! as Professor Morse. ber 30, 1842, and a remark from his report is worthy | history, 1 ‘os- | understand me ‘as disparaging or 9 comm! roud iments ‘dkss Thiverstty, and had no doubt that it wy in scientific researcues and invention, and our own Fulton was 8 painter, whose scientific stirdies re- sulted in steam navigation. It may not be generally known that the important invention of the percus- sion cap 18 due to the scientific recreations of the English painter Shaw. it | must not further detain you from more in- stractive speeches, One word ‘only in ve I have claimed for America the origination of the modern tel yh system of the world. Impartial kK, will support that claini. Do not disregard- ing the labors and ingenious modifications of others in various countries, employed in the same ment should not on this account alone seize'the pre- | field of invention, Gladly, did time permit, would I descant upon their great and varied merits. Yet in tracing the birth and pedigree of the modern teie- graph, “American” is not the highest term of ihe series that connects the past with the present; there 38 at least one higher term, the highest of aii, which cannot and thust not be ignored. If not a sparrow falis to the ground without a deiinite purpose in the plans of infinite wisdom, can the creation of au in- sirumentality so vitally affecting the Iuterests of the whole human race have an origin less harable chaa tne Father of every and psec aiter sure I have the sympathy of such an assembly as is here gathered if in all humility and ta the sincerity Oita grateful heart I use the words of imspiration im ascribing honor and praise to Him to whoin first of alland most of all it is pre-eminently due. “Not wise counsels of the committee | unto us, not unto us, but to God be ail the giory.”” Not whet hati man, but “What hath God wrought? ‘The next regular toast was, ‘The nations united by the ocean telegraph and by & common literature,” to which Protessor Goldwin Smith responded, expressing the gratitude he felt to science in in- creasing the facilities of communication, and his be- Nef that thereby a kind feeling would predominate between his own country and the United States. There were still diplomatic questions between the two nations, but he thought they would soon be solved, so that there would be no stain on the honor of England on the one hand and that on the other the thorn would be plucked out of the heart of the (Applause), That even now while these questions were pending, the works of Motley, Longiellow, Bryaat are found on English tables, and forbid any cultivated Englishwan at least to harbor any unkind thoughts of the American people. (Applause). ie felt of his connection with the Cornell great success, as it was already ar honor founder. (The distinguished gentleman was fre- Mr. Cave Johnson wished to have a word to say upon this | quently interrupted by hearty applause.) The Chairman then aunounced the sixth “The Management of the Telegraph—a great trust in the service of truth, and aaa bond of society let it ever be so cherished and maintained.’ He called upon Attorney Generai Evarts to bring some sparks ‘Mr. Houston thought that Millerism should also be facluded | from “the hole in the sky” to illustrate this toast, in the benetits of the appropriation, Mr. Sisnly sald he should havé no objection to the appro- riation for meameric experiments, provided the gentleman rom Tennessee (Mr. Johnson) wns the aubject. (A laugh.) Mr. Cave Johnson said be should have no objections, pro- (Great laughter.) Mr. Evaxrs being called on to respond acquiesced in an cloguent speech. It was witu feelings of un- mixed pleasure that he accepted the invitation to be vided the gentlemen from North Carolina (Mr. Stanly) was | present and bear his part in this popular congratu- the operator, (Great laughter.) Several gentlemen called for the reading of ths amend- ment, and Tt was read by the Clerk as follows :— “Provided that one-balf of the said sum shail be appropri- ated {or trying mesmeric experiments under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury.” Mr. Maron (of Obio) rose to @ question of order. He main- tained that the amendment was not bona fide, aad that such amendmeuta were calculated to injure tite character of the House, He appealed to ihe chalr to rule the ameadment out of order. ‘The Chairman said {t was not for bim to judge of the mo- he could not tives of members in offering amendmenta, and therefore undertake to protounce the amendment not tona Ade. Objections might ve raised to ft on the 4 that it ‘Was not suiliciently abalagous in character to consideration; but, fp the opinion of the ebair, Te quire a scientific analys's to determine how far'the magnet- ism of mesmeriam was enalogous to that to be employed fn iaaghter); be tuerefore ruled the ameni in taking the Vote the ainendment was rejected—ayes 22, noes not counted, Tie bili was then laid aside to be ported. The temper of the House ts easily inferred from thisnarative. To those who thas ridiculed the tele- Merism, rather to be a matter seriously entertained. Men of character, mén of sight, were wholly Wiabie to forecast the future of the telegraph, Iwas told at the time by many per- sonal friends in the House that the bill finally , more out of deferene to my personal’ standing than from any just @pprectation of the importance of the invention—#® compliment which, however gratifying to personal @, was fall ceiving the low estimats of the resuit of m Other motions disparezing to the invention were made, such as the sum tps moon. of Congress did not concur The majority in ‘this attempt to passed by the close vote of 49 to 83. A change of three votes, however, Would have consigned the in- Mainly due to the perseverance and fo it of the distinguished member trom Maryland, Hon. J. P. Kennedy, and tion, C, @ Ferris, of New York, and Hon. Colonel Aycrigg, of New Jersey, and Maso Ohio. The struggles of the telegraph before Were Dot ended with the passage of the bill, to test | tel its capacity between two distant cities. Another Yar wituessed the trl ia practicability, character as @ substantial reality, It was no longer & chimera, @ visionary scheme to extort money from the public coffers, lis invenior was po more sub- Jected to the suspicion of lunacy nor in the halié of Congress, » My carliest desires and tatentions were that the government should the control power as | could not but foresce was inherent in the in the minds of some, im the contem of it fature, I was neither dazzled with its visions of un- ba Meat ee & jemand upon governitent for ite possession. Not merely all my own property had been expend bill ander pls graph it was a chimera, a visionary dream like mes- at “ol merriment than rots justice for all and protect the common defeat the measure by ridicule, and the bill was | but which, it vention to oblivion, That this was not {te fate is | any of such & | are. Who should mi be: Agere Vast ag its pecuniary value joomed up | for whom it was fram make an extortionate | ple. The lation tn honor of our erg ia to the genius and felicity and the fame of the distinguished guest. Applause.) He felt sure he would be permitied to foc though he had no right here to express himself so—that he claimed some right to feel a near and even ‘sonal interest in his (Professor Morse’s) iustrious distinction and in the great benefit he bas conferred upon the world; that he might be per- mitted to think that his devout duty to God aad his trust in his fellow men had something to do with his devotion to the good of his fag. He never torned his eyes to the wali _in his parlor that he did not pay @ tribute to his (Professor Morse’s) accom- ned encil in the only preservation of the features of his (the speaker's) father and of the father of their beloved guest. He held and believed that the great founders of the States and tie pilots that guide their destiny through every danger; the great teachers of re- | morality and the warriors that, by land and sea, save and pretect what is — founded; the authors who and =the artists beautliy and = en- lighten the civilization thus preserved; the lights of jurisprudence, that main- right Of all, and the inventors that carry this whole erudition, men whe in ordinary affairs had fore- | movement forward and roll it onward, and ever add new and ter powers to man and make his reason efiectively dominant over all nature— these men were the real heroes of the race; these were the men whose metnories they would not suffer to die, (Great applause.) It seemed as if a great providence existed and was specially offset by per- | instituted and created to supply the wants of mau, labors. so that he should — feel a need and have a desire awakened in order that he might reach out his hand postions to appropriate part of | and take the good gift that is ready for his reception. It may be said of this invention, which thus far crowns the long line of the benefits to humanity, hoped, may not be the last, that tt more distinctly, more directly, more nobly, more truly to the intellectual power of man than other form of discovery. (Great applause.) Every new faculty for knowledge, for power, every wider op} unity brings to man new and greater duties. hat 1 have spoken of as adding to the n, of | powers of man does not add alone to the inventor's of mdividual benefit; for neither the inventor of the nor Mr. Field, its unflinching friend could cros# the Atlantic witlt their individual jumphant success of the test of | intelligence for themselves. All that the steam The imvention vindicated its engine’ alt that the et of invention in every form have accompi hey have not added one cubit to i Hg of the ae =, — simply atm, ai ened and om a py ‘vil Some. (Applause.) Pit elvilizn- tion pays sach honors as is here shown, it shows that it knows who the friends of civilization io tis nonnie, = [pnd 1e peo} ie society en ? Let the government in its neral administration of law control aud guide fiat as it does all other private interesis of the peo- honorable gentleman then retired amid t enthusiasm and sypieen. interests of the tel ‘The ninth Fequiat toast being given as “The Tele- on the invention, but large sums had been advanced graph of the United sae ir. William Orton, by my associates, and these Were items that entered resident of the Western Un! ph Company, into the calculations in any offer of sale. I had | in response, said that he was not ble of th already intimated at various times my readiness to | honor conferred not only upon the A) tele- surrender the invention to the control of the govern- | graph system, but also ‘e himself, in being ment, I engaged expressly “to enter into no ar- | cailed upon respond; but he wished to rangements to d of my rights as the inventor telegraph conveyed for the public and patentee to any individuals or company of indi- | ear, but for the private ear only. It might be dl- viduals previous to offering it to the government features, into ie pre- for such @ just and reasonable compensation a8 ture. The har igh system of this — be mutually agreed yn.” In conformity aa now on and, ind it was ‘with this promise on my , L offered the whole in- | honor that it was on trial bofore the CI Justice vention to the government for the sum of $100, and that one of its advocates was Strange as it may now seem. no response was made to this offer; no notice was taken of it Ry request from the Postmaster General a report on the generdl subject of the telegraph. Hon, Cave Johnson, | who had distinguished himseif in gene my op- posing the telegraph before Congress, heid office | of Postmaster General im 1845, and the experimental line between Washington and Baltimore, which be- jonged to the government, Was put under his con- | trol Finding no disposition on the part of | the government to make any arrangement for } controle the whole invention, one-hall the ie United States. At this moment uh bject was being Lye not only in America, but elsewhere, whether the telegraph should be per- mitted to achieve the results which private enter- ‘ine had entitled it to, and to be forced to trial by Rie government and arraigned for its shortcomings, and whether the verdict to be pronounced was that they should yield tie control to the government. The uestion was, Shail the eae in America con- tinue to be poe by private enterprise, which first set its operations on foot and has conducted a thus fas, of shall it yield and become a dqnari- 1866 by all overnments of Europe, He would ili oe thie ry ition. Between New York and Wi there ‘were now three com- ling powers, ‘ant it was yraposod that tho gov. was B it should take the publle money and build another line 0) @ separate and inde- bat system. i oe and a half negotiations With private parties gontrolting the wi Vi cont hs in with @ view to making it a depariment of the postal service. It had now com- leted ita negotiatior that Tene of the indepen lent corporations should be acquired by the permet of twent r cent on the current profits of the at, Moe, That wi they discounted on the basis of the present year the profits for twenty ees tocome and Pay them over to the owners of this property. He submitted that the eepenin before the American Congress, with the Treasury of the United States at its back, Was that the government shall embark as a competitor inst its own citizens in a race for the destruction of its own property. That was the proposition of to-day. But to him it was a matter of great grattication that, with the ex- ception of one or two papers, concerning which a@suilicient explanation could be given if necessary, the press of the United States had cither been silent or had pronounced its verdict of 0} ition to this scheme. There was between the clegraph and the press an intimate relation, and no- where 60 intimate as in the United States. There could not be afree press without a free telegraph, and nowhere was there now such a ress as under this government of ours. arrangement under the press of the United Stat as served by the telegraph was unique and peculiar. There were local and general combinations of the press which, separately or both combined, operated under @ co-operative system. News was gathered from all parts to common cen- tres, whence it was distributed to all sections of the country. Under this habe npn egy ge with which he was officially connected during the present year would deliver to the press of the United States more than three hundred and fifty miilion words of press matter, which, divided by twenty, the unit of messages of the Continent of Buro) would make more messages than were transmit by ali the lines of Europe during the Ciera year, their compensation being in the neighborhood of eight million dollars, and ours, for the press, being about eight hundred thousand dollars. He sub- mitted whether, under the circumstances, such @ system demanded governmental interfer- ence and whether it should be under the con- trol of a department of the government which is at resent in arrears to the government more than 000,000, and which arrears promised to be increas- ed for the year to $10,000,000. ‘the gn Ait which he was paid in more than $800,000 to the government in taxes. He was told that there was no doubt avout the ability of the British government to administer the tele- ph at a lower rate of tariff than has Sagi! Agee He was not here to controvert Introauce’ the ‘penny postage. eystein “and make introduce penny m and mal profiis from it, he fad no doubt could make the telegraph @ success; but he did doubt whether our own government could do s0. He could not forget that the British government was able to collect a whiskey tax of two dollars and fifty cents per gallon, and he believed there was no one bold enough to assert that our government succeeded in collecting the moderate assessment of fitty cents, He concluded by stating that he would not further trespass on time, as he had made a private arrange- ment with Mr. Henry J. Raymond to allow the latter gentleman to occupy one-half of his (Mr. Orton’s) time on this question, Mr. Raymond, after being repeatedly urged, de- clined to occupy any of Mr. Orton’g time, and it was noticed that one-third at least of the company pre- sent left the hali during and immediately aiter the close of Mr. Orton’s remarks. Ten minutes after- wards more than half had taken their depariure. The following additional toasts were thén an- nounced :— ‘Tho Press and the Telegragh—Co-operating f of intelligence; the telegraph to bring it from to spread it abroad, Responded to by Win. O. The Extension of the Telegraph—It has no Ii {he whole habitable globe.” Kesponded to by David Dudley eid. ‘The Merchants of New York—Whose wealth and public wit have carried the fame of American enterprise around orld, Kesponded to by Wm. B. Dodge. ¢ Telegraph in the British Provinces. Responded to by Hugh Allan, of Montreal. The Telegraph in the East. Responded to by ex-Governor Curtin, of Penmsyivanin, The Fine Arta—Their beauties rest on tho foundations of sclence. Responded to by Daniel Huntington. ‘The Printing Press—Verfected by American genius, Ke- sponded to by Colonel R. M. Hoe, ‘dhe remaining company then departed. TURKISTAN. Lecture of Professor Robert Von Schlagint- weit—The Comncction of the Remotest Ine habitants of Europe with Asia. Professor Vou Schlagintweit delivered his sixth and last lecture in the German language yesterday evening at Steinway Hall on the subject of the travels and explorations of himself and brothers in Central or High Asia. The previous lectures were fully reported in these columns, giving a vivid pic- ture of the orographic configuration of this moun- tainous territory, as well as of the ethnographic character and modes of life of its indigenous inhabi- tants. While sojourning, to obtain rest, for a few days near the lake Kinkkidl, at @ height of 15,400 feet, they made some experiments to test the trans- parency of the water, and on this subject a series of exceedingly interesting detatls were given as to the frequency with which the eye is decetyed in the sup- posed depth to which objects may be seen under water, and the experience and measurements of others were reterred to, From the lake they proceeded along the banks of the river Krarakash, where they came upon a series of hot salt springs, around which pure crystals of salt in tmmense quantities were found, the water Le btdan, t temperature varying from seventy to 120 de; ‘ahrenhelt. Further on they met with ruins of houses and numerous isolated buildings, said to have been toll houses of the Chinese, and also @ spot called Sikandar Mokam, which tradition ciaims to have been a camp of Alex- ander the Great, Sikandar being the name given to Alexander. In this connection the Protessor referred to the interesting fact that from the best sources of homage id pope a ge ae never ge 80 jh north as that place; yet amoi le there, a8 well as of Soiithern Tain, whither he also did not advance, traditions of the victorious Macedonian are numerous, while among the people whom he did t and conquer in the Panjaub and among the Singhs no memory of Alexander is preserved. On their further journey nortnward, from Sumygal to Lushia, they met with a serious accident, being almost swept away by the rapidly rising carrent while a § refuge on a sandbank in the midst of the river. A description of the passage of kinitin renge of mountains, with peaks as high as 22,000 feet, was given in vivid terms, and of the intense cold tiey had to endure—eleven and a half degrees below zero at an altitude of 14,000 feet on the 28d of August, 1856, The Professor then described the peculiar character of the land, as it lescending the northern siopes of the appeared on mountains, and the amiable and open-hearted character of the people, whose flintiock. muskets, however, bore the stamp of Russian manufacture. How the peopie lived and moved was told with mi amusing anecdotes and humorous contrasts wit modern habits of civilized life. They did not pro- ceed to Hidir, a large town with many Chinese, but after tarrying a while they returned again to Seh, the capital ot Sadak, Giving a general itula- tion of the o1 pl inographical discov- eries, the Professor resent political condition of the 1 since the yoke was thrown off, and expressed it ag his opinion that for eee and for mankind {it would be beneficial if Rr were to proceed and to succeed in subjecting that country to her dominion. One—for the ethnograpical history of the human race—exceed- ingly important discovery their return they found a deserted quarry containing nephrite, an Cae ge A rock, used by the natives for idols. is rock no traces can be found in Lens Yet, the Te- this nephrite, were found, ing ‘ihe former idea that crthe ‘assum rimitive inhabitants of Europe were autochthones, ut connecting their origin with the centre of Asia, EUROPEAN MARKETS. LONDON MONBY MARKEET.—LONDON, Dec. 20—4:30 P. M.—Consols closed at 4 for money and 92%, for account. American closed at the We ing rates:—Five-twenty bonds, 74%. Ling Me gui and steady; Brie shares, 2634; [litnois Central, 965 Atlantic snd Great Western consolidated shares, PARIS Bourns#.—Panis, Dec, 20.—The Bourse closed quiet last night. Rentes, 60f. T7c. -FRANKFORT BOURSE.—FRANKFORT, Dec. 29,—Uni- States five-twenty bonds dull at 78% a 18'4 for ‘the issue of 1862, Livenroo. CoTToN MARKET.—LIvenroon, Dec. 20— 4:30 P, M.—The market closed firm at the following team 1d, “ahe aul OF ue day 400, ip 15000 talon .. The sales Of tho foot up 15,000 bales, HAVRE @orron Mankenstarns, Bee? 2.—The market is buoyant; tres ordinaire on the spot, 124f. per cwt.; low middisngs afloat, 129f. Livenroot, BREAvSTUFYS © Manket.—LIveRPoot, Deo. —Evcping.—Wuite California wheat has de- HOLIDAY PRES! SILVER. PUATED Wal Ly CUTLERY, PARIAN WARE AND BKONZE 0! — ‘3 for iess than cost of Senportatio ar BASSFOR! iM COOPER IN! ‘UTE, CORNER STORES. BSOLUTE DIVORCES LEGALLY OBTAINED IN ANY State, without yb or exposure ; good everywhere; ‘Do fees in advance ; consultations free; success gt ROBERT B. CHASE, Counselior, 86 Nassau street, Al THE MYSTERIES POOR NELL; ‘|s| OF NEW YORK LIFE, OUT TO-DAY, IN THE FIRESIDE COMPANION, HAPPY NEW AR. ra AULIFFE'S 18! eye us Aap lal z z YE. No table complete without it. Also his delicious Sher? and Port Wines, itn] for this occasion from the Lo Docks, together with eve artice in the trade of that ard excellence for which fis house 1s so remarkable. ‘ mammot and Ale Vaults, 357 Canal sireet, corner Wooster. His up town Branch, 686 Third avenue, corner Fifty-seventh street. ‘And the old stands 62 AVENUE 0. pee ei to aa Re re CONT’ AIN'T free at 170° Chatham haa nth —OFFIOIAL DRAWINGS « Missouri and Kentucky State Lotteries. MISGOURI—EXTRA OLASS No. , DECEMBER 29, 1838. 22, 69, 6, 59, 48, 72, 9% 5, o7. 16, 458, OF, TS ae 10, Be, a Ay aie B88, 76 ‘cunrpokr—kxtha Ol.ass x0. 717, peoeMhne 29, 1858 él, a n, i} 60, 49, 24, 64, 60. ny, RNTeORI— guste 0. 71a, Decrienrh 2, 188 Information furnished in the above and’also Royal Havans Lolteries by J. OLUTE, Broker, 30 Broadway and 188 Fulton OFFEE —? C COFFEE COFFEE COFFEE FOR THE NEW YEAR'S TABLE. NEW YEAR'S TABLE. THE GREAT AMERICAN TEA COMPANY have purchased a carga of the INEST NEW YEAR'S TABLE of those who intend to regale their friends who honor them with @ call on the good ol : KNICKERBOCKER HOLIDAY, " a. Y sPreMGENTEOUS AND HOSPITABLE BOARD. Our Coffee department is very extecaive, the largest per, haps in the country, W@run three engines constantly, and formetimes four aid grevin roaating and. grinding our efi Our coffee buyers are experts, ‘who examine most uf the fees imported and select the oud trade, “We employ the mot who exercise the greatest care that it ihm perfect manner, It le always frevh, for our orders crowd our’ facilities to” thelr “utmost capacity. A considerable portion of the coffee org upon the mar ket of late fap) is picked while pods are fia subjecteg fo artincia heat to open the pods. This fe wok go good as that which ripens fo the natural way uy the Plant, Our cofles buyer toroughiy understands tb{s business End can readlyolatguah the saturaly rivened. from the artidetaily cured, and he only buys the cotfec ‘which fan ally ripened. We exainine the cargoes as soon Au they arrive, and our le is 60 i that it requires ail the Gneat lots. ‘This is what gives our coffee a superior flavor to many others and makes it 49 universally popular among consumers, It acommon faving. that most coffee-does not taste as well as formerly did. The reason for it is that a considerable pores of it fs picked before it is fully ripe. Wese!l none but Tally ripe rich tiavored coffee, 1@ Company are also receiving the choice: bid W C ROE TEAS N from the best tea districts of China and Japan, and putting them up in neat packages of any size at the lowest CARGO PRICES, CARGO PRICES, AND ALL WARRANTED TO BE CHEAPER AND BETTER than can be purchased elsewhere in the city. Orders can be left at either of the company’s stores or sent by post, directed to headquarters, 81 and 83 Vexey street, and the goods will be forwarded fortiwith to any part of the city will be complete without the GREAT AMERICAN TEA CO.'S CHOICEST. COFFEES AND TEAS. PRICE LIST. OOLONG (black), 70¢., 80c., 90c. ; best #1 per Ib. MIXED. and black), 70c., 80c.. 90. + best #1 per I ENGLISH BREAKFAST (black), 6be,, Sdc., G1, 81105 et $1 20 per Jb. ix IMPERIAL (greon), 80c., 0c., $1, $1 10; best $125 per ib YOUNG HYSON (green), #02, Se, #1, 81 ioe hen er 3 Tb. . PENCOLORED JAPAN, 90c., #1, $1 10; best #1 25 per Ib. GUNPOWDER Green), best 1 30 per Ib. COFFEES ROASTED AND GROUND DalILy. COFFEES ROASTED AND GROUND DAILY. COFFEES ROASTED AND GROUND DAILY. COFFEES ROASTED AND GROUND DAILY. GROUND COFFEE, 2c., Be., Bbc. best 40c, ound. Hotels, saloons, boarding house keepers and famj- fies who nse large quantities of Coffee can ecouowtze tn thi article by asing our FRENCH BREAKFAST AND DINNE: COFFEE, which we sell at the low price of Svc. pee porn and warrant to give fect satisfaction. ROASTED (ant ground) key Bbc best We. per pound. GREEN (anroasted), BUc., 88¢., best B5e. per pound. From five to eight profits saved by purchasing of GREAT AMERICAN GREAT AMERICAN Headquarters Nos. 31 anu 35 Vesey street. m Branches :— Brondway, corner Bleecker street. hth avenue, north corner of Thirty-fourth street. ghth avenue, northeast corner of Fitty-first street. wery, between Spring and Prince streets. 646 Third avenue, northwest corner of Fifiy-first street. 299 Spring atreet,{between Hudson and Greenwich streets, 205 Fulton Brookiyn, corner Concord street. 169 Fulton avenue, Brookiyh. 25 DeKalb avenue, Brookiyn. 188 Grand street, Williamsburg, HAMPAGNE, ‘Received of late a fresh Moet & Chandon's Verzenay and Vin Imperial (Green Seal), of the vint 1865. For fale wth ail the first class dealers in wines in thin city. ANTHONY OECHS, TO BUY Yk JL BRAID OF human Hair or any articie in the lr goods line go to: PECKHAM'S Hair Bazaar, 21 Grand street, New York, or corner Fourth and South treets, Williamsburg. 4 ‘CINTIRE & CO. M BANKERS AND BROKERS, 316 Canal street and 125 Chatham, Dealers in all kinds of Government vuritias, Ac. ; Gold and Silver, foreign and domestic, bought and sold at the daily quotations. Information furnished and prizes pro mpuy cashed in Missouri and Kentucky Lot teries. OYAL HAVANA LOTTERY.—PRIZES PAID IN GOLD Taformation furnished in ail legalized Lotteries. GALLAGHER & BRO., 810 Chestnut sts Philadel Qzaes NEW YORK PALE ALE. 3 % % e 3 BEREE Prize Medal awarded Paris Exposition, 1867. Brewery 240 West Eighteenth strect, ‘between Seventh and Eighth avenues, New York, \CPHERSON SMITH. DONALD SMITH. 18 ALE is brewed with the care, tee be by perfectly. ure and wholesome, For DRLIe CACY of flavor and fine T (NY nab it is unequalled, Single barrels or large quantities sent to nll parts of the city. and pe) The re solicit e atienlion of consumers solicited. Orders by mash OMAR R. AG! 280 UREENWICH STREBT, T ner Murray, New York.—Cheap for ensh, Gotors, Srigars, Flour, Byrupm Mo!nsre, ‘at, Forelgh Fratia and kinds of Groceries and Provisions by the pound, packag cargo, Notwithatanding Kolem, and its villinous liew T, ag Pp man os c- deere, He eRe wetel slaud johem. ees 8 staud high, in spite of Bohem. an