The New York Herald Newspaper, October 31, 1868, Page 5

SOUTH AMERICA. The Struggle for the Domination of La Plata Valley. Plottings for the Paraguay War. Wnfortonately for the Oriental republic General Bartolome Mitre, President of the Argentine repub- Me, ambitious of mflitary honors, and who, as Gover- mor of Buenos Ayres, had #0 hostilized the Oriental administration, wished to carry war into Paraguay to mend the error of the campaign of Belgrano, upon: which he had long meditated preparatory to writing his history. He commenced by Yannching the candilio General Venancio Flores into Uruguay as future suxillery Flores betraying his protector, General Urquiza had fought at the head of the cavalry in the battles of Cepeda and Pavon, when Buenos Ayres was armed against the thirteen confeterated provinces, whose troops were led by the conqueror at Oasers, Urquiza, IM The Oriental government, being i:formed of these attempts of the Argentines to again kindle civil war 4m Uruguay, gave orders to form a body of 600 men a8 a corps of observation to be stationed to the north of the Rio Negro, while they aske 1 the motives which animated such @ political movement and that all cause for complaint should be removed, ‘The false securities given by General Mitre’s agents induced Berro to disarm his troops in March 1863, On April 16 General Venancio Flores, with three companions and several loads of money, left Buenos Ayres, and on the 18ta or 19th of the same month Janded upon the shore of the river Uruguay a little above the mouth of the Rio Negro. There he gathered horses and marched northward to the river Cuarain, almost without being mno- ticed, to place himself at the head of 300 men, who on the 24thof April took possession of the town of Santa Rosa. Their invasion had been made from the frontier provinces of Uruguayana and Monte Caseros, belonging to the Brazilian province of Rio Grande and to the Argentine province of Cor rlentes, where under protection of the authonties ‘hese forces had been organized, Then commenced the raids of Flores over the entire Banda Oriental, which by its peculiar topo- graphy is admirably adapted to a partisan style of ‘wariare. Tie force, which was increased by Brazi- Mian recruits and by renegade sons of the country, who had nothing to lose im the warfare, was success- ful here and routed them, but always found protec- Yon upon the Brazilian frontier, where they ex. changed their stolen and worn down horses for fat ones, at the rate of two for one, with the Brazilian estanciros, Buenos Ayres putin play atl her resources to aid the guerrillero. In her capital was the headquarters of the revolutionary Colorado Committee, which pub- Ucly collectea funds and purchased arms, which reached Fiores by Argentine vessels of war. Hostili- ties became so manifest that the Oriental men-ol-war ‘were detained at the island of Martin Garcia, which 4sat the mouth of the river Uruguay, to intercept all communication between Montevideo and the towns of Paisandu and Salto under pretext that the capture of an armed Buenos Ayrean steamer which ‘was carrying aris and supplies to the rebels had offended Argentine sovereignty. Every class of hos- ‘tility was received by the Oriental government from the Argentine Republic, although under protest of the strictest nentrality in the struggles of Uruguay, 4t Salto they loaned to Flores the steamer Guale- guay, which hoisted the Oriental fag during the Ddombardment of the town, rehoisting the Argentine flag eight daya after, when her services were no longer needed. Through his own power Flores was @lone master of the ground upon which he stood. ‘The government, which felt the united biows of Brazil and the Argentine Republic, sent a commis- sion to the government of Paraguay, which had al- geady bad occasion to call the attention of the gov- ernment of General Mitre to the unjustifiable acts taking place in the Oriental State in violation of neutrality. The Argentine government took very Attle notice of the protests and observations of Presi- dent Lopez and the press of Buenos Ayres loosed its tirades upon his government and peonio. The Oriental mission had no result for the moment except to give notice of the hostilities waged by the neighboring governments. ‘The raids of Flores were upon the point of being terminated. Evergwhere beaten and pursued, his Partisans disbanding and disconnected, his attempt- ed revolution was virtually defeated. The government of the country had continued working weil, At the expiration of the Presidential term of Berro, the Presitent of the Senate, Aguirre, assumed the Chief Magistracy according to the fun- damental law. Im tho meantime Brazil and Buenos Ayres feared that Flores might ve ariven from Uruguay. The Rio Grande deputies of the former Power made 8 direct application to their government to aid Flores, for, ff defeated, the 2,000 Brazilians who accompanied him would be turned over to the vengeance of the Blancos, ‘The Consejero Savaira, accredited in this epoch in extraordinary cominission to the Rio de la Plata, agitated the Oriental State with a series of revolu- tionary movements. This government represented Yo hini that Brazil had adhered to the resulutions of of Paris, and, without result, proposed ‘to sub to arbitration aii questions existing be- tween the two governments. The nment of Paraguay here offered ite me- @iation, which was rejused. Senor Savaira carried with hima rearranged plan and would not change ft, He roughly broke with the Oriental government asa firat step to forward the plans of the empire: Under pretext of making reprisale for tmaginary wrongs the Brazilian squadron en! the Uruguay river, captured @ few small Orien- tal vessels and cut oif all communication be- tween the government and the garrisons which were holding the towns of Paizandd and Salto, against which, somewhat later, were to be levelled the forces of the empire. Orders were given to the Brazilian army of Kio Grande to invade Oriental ter- ritory, and the most decided protection was given to Flores, the caudiio, who alone was powerless to re- @uce hia country to’ state of vassalage. President Lopez, of Paraguay. being well informed of Braziugn teudenc es, protested in a note of August 20, 1864, declaring to the imperial goverment hat he would consider it a casus beri! If the Brazilian forces invaded the Banda Oriental, and wouid, in cConseynence, take Suc!i measures as the interests of y demanded; for he looked upon the abso- inte independence of the stetes of La Plata as a pe- Cessity to the political existence of his country. During the question of Limits between Brazil and Paraguay in 1566 the empire had intended to settle the dimcnities by force of arms and without the aid foe: Argentine Repubiic. At that date President In, pes knew weil the importance of the understand- a existing between tue Brazilian Legation and eneral Mi're to sink the Oriental nationality. Ho new well that the consequences would be most dis- astrous for hia country, shut up in the intertor of South America aud having its only ontiet to the ‘world dominated at its mouth by a powerful empire. Brazil, which saw within its the opporta- nity to satisfy its old pretensions of limiting Para- uay territory by the boundary of the river Apa on he north and by the levelling of the fort of Humaita, ughed at the protest of Lopez, and invading ruguay took possession of the town of Melo. This which in the face of the protest of Au- gust 90, 1864, was @ declaration of war, was an- answered by the governinent of Paraguay by seizing ‘the steamer Marquis of Olinda, then en route for ‘Matto-Grosso, and Solo wine eee ur ced that pro- vince, taking possession of fort Coimbra, Miranda, Albuqiterque and other points of Upper Paraguay putting to shameful route the Braziitan troops. 1 capture of tht wis de Olinda and the occupation o The province of Matto-Grosso gave to Lopex Ww proof of the lack 0. good faith on the part of the Im; Fial government a8 Well as its warlike projects, By existing treatle. and while the question of limita wi nding Brazil had compromised herself not to intro- Soe y material of war into Upper Paraguay, but the capture of the forts placed in Paraguayan bands 160 pieces of artilery and munitions of war go abundant that much of ft waa thrown into the Fiver for lack of means tor transportation. On the Ist December. 1964, the imperial Onder Baron Tamandaré commenced the bloc ‘of the port of Paysands, already benems by piers, Who had, with the assistance of the Argentin Steamer Gualeguay and the ce Of Brazilian BUDS, captured Saito. On the 6th of the same month Was commenced the bombardment of the city, It had no guns to answer the fire of the Impertal feet, Which pounted heavy cannon of modern construc. fion. For the Brazilian navy it was @ triste glory; It Was only the exercise of firmg at a mark. Under cover of the guns of the fieet and Assisted by tw bodies of marines, who were landed to jadron blockade him, Flores attempted an assault, which ated With considerable loos, Tie squadron Continued tts bambariment day by day until Ite ere extiausied., ‘The Too men arrigou Wid Mot care to make another Five NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1868—TRIPLE SHEET. é ig iY i 3 az 33 eake week of December, would also be Doralzned. manitions from Rio Janeiro demanded fifteen tame at least, which would be improved by the tal government and would give ise to numerous unknown complications. eral Mitre, soticited Paranhos, met the difficulty by at disposal of the Le po From shere, from the port of Buenos Ayres, which sometimes calls iteelf a sister republic, came the munitions of war which overthrew the,city of Pay- gandi and killed of its defenders, an Eg piss to that ignominy might perform its complete work on that unfortunate day, the candillo, pliant tool of the empire, shot General Leandro Gomez and the who survived the struggle. The Oriental governinent ered in Montevideo all the elements of war which were at its disposal to the south of the Rio Negro, It raised strong walls, and organizing a powerful body of troops sent them under General Basilio Mufoz to make a diversion in te Beorincs fey ate ne le. ‘Gatenatias a in the inning of February the squadron commencet the blockade ‘of Montevideo, and gave notice to ueutral vessels to leave 1 prepara tory toa bombardment, At the same the army ad- vanced by land to commence the siexe. Paraguay gave to the Urngnay Minister, Dr. Vaz quez Lagastume, accredited to that country, new as- surances that it would come to the aid of Montevi- deo, urging the government to sustain itself two months longer pending the arrival of two tron-clads which, on account of Paraguay, had been contracted for in Europe, The city contained elements of resistance. The garrison were fall of spirit and vigor. They were reanimated by the happy tnttlation of the Rio Grande campaign by General Munoz, and the assurances transmitted by the President of Paraguay deter- mined them to make etrenuous efforts for their inde- pendence. President Lopez asked permission to pass his army through the desert Argentine territory of Misiones, that he might the better make war against his ad- versary and favor the Oriental republic. The Argentine government, which had con- ceded to the brazilian government the navigation of tts rivers and the use of its coasts for supplies and for deposits of coal, denied the so- licitation of Lopez. he change of these notes gave time for the solution of matters in Montevideo, Unfortunately the constitutional period of Sefior Aguirre, ‘President of the Senate in exercise of the Executive Power,” terminated February 15; and, jn accordance with the constitution, Thomas Vil- lalba, @ man of recognized bad character and dis- hiked by the army, succeeded him in office through the poaerite (zee by a single vote. Villalba, whose iitimate relations with the Bra- zilian Bank of Maud y Ca. were weil known, sent to the enemy's camp Dr. Manuel Herrera y Obes, who, also, on more than one occasion, had had connec- tions with the imperial legations, He immediately agreed with the Minister, Paranhos, to surrender the city without conditions. This surrender took place on the 20th February, 1805. The garrison were not aware of the treason of their chief until late at night. Some of the omcers of the line, gathered on the 2ist to consult on the situation, learned at the same time the order to disarm, and that the guards of the naval stations had occupied the fort to comply with the tre: orders of Villalba, ‘The traitorous act was mated, The guard surrendered their arms, the most noted among them expatriating themselves, Among these were some whose persons had been demanded by the empire for insulting the Brazilian standard captured by Genera! Mufioz in Rio Grande and sent to Montevideo ten days before the surrender. Two Brazilian battalions escorted Flores to the government house and seated him in the Presidential chair. From that moment the constitution and laws were replaced by the caprice of the Dictator, plant under the fingers of his protectors. The Emperor decreed a medal of honor to his army for the campaign of Urugu: and that there may be no doubt that a great idea haa been covered by frivolous xis there was nothing more said about the reclamations, which were made the osten- sible canse of the war. ‘Tho government of Mitre received with jubilee the news of the treason of Villniba. Its desires were fulfilled as in the time of Artegas, when the de‘enders of independence were overthrown; but, a3 m 1817, the country remained in the talons of the foreigner. But Brazil was not satisfied, for, biceding from oid wounds and humilations, military glory demended that its army should have enter into Montevideo to the roll of the drum amidst ruins and corpses after the squadron had silenced the fire from the city. The conduct of the Minister (Paranhos) in the treason of February 20 was disapproved—if such a ord can be applied to such an act. He defended imself in the legislative chambers of Brozil, and it was here that he revealed the secret of the present of tbe Argentine munitions of war made by ideut Mitre for the bombardment of Paysandt, and clearly demonstrated that there was no other means except that of treason to cause the surrender of the city of Montevideo; that to have awaited reinforcements would haye been a loss of time which would have po the Paraguay troops to the scene of the struggle. While the Brazilian army was encamped at Monte- video receiving reinforcements for the war against Paraguay President Lopez convoked a general Con- gress and submitted to Its deliberations the motives existing for just complaint against the Argentine government for inferred hostility against Paraguay. The Marshal, receiving authority, deciared war against the government of Mitro on the 25th of March. For the Argentine Republic this was a sur- prise, The Brazilian army was not yet fc |, and ‘Ue squadron had not leit the Parana nor appeared to beim a condition to do so. The Argentine army scarcely humpered 4,000 troops of the line. Thus Lo- pez refused any middle course, and gave the Argen- tine statesmen no opportunity to entertain while they prepared for war. Mitre was not blind to the fact that the people of Buenos Ayres, and especially those of the interior provinces, saw with disquiet the Po gab ad which the empire was tal in La Plata valley by the destruction of legal order in the Banda Oriental. Able in intrigue and br for the occasion, he awaited thc Paraguayan declaration of war, left the city and province of Corrientes without defence, and, as if to tempt his enemy, left exposed in the port aud subject to capture two small war Stine 1th April the Pa invaded th the pi raguay army invaded 1e Argentine territory by the Paso de la Patria, wlile at the same time four Paraguayan steamers attacked and seized the two Argentine vessels above mentioned. This was doubtiess the de- sire of Mitre—that the public spirit of the re- ublic, man festly adverse to Brazil, might be turned in favor of war, The news reached Buenos Ayres the 20th instant, The entire press classified the act as @ piracy without example and without a previous ‘leciaration of war. To wake it still more odious {t invoked the clanses of an old treaty which stipulated tat no war should be declared without six months’ notice. ...bvery measure was taken to excite the people. The friends of the government walked the streets ad- vocat war and the necesstty of avenging the in- national fag. President Mitre stirred tho hearts of the people with those memorable words which have covered him with ridicule both in his own and foreign countries—‘Twenty-four hours at the Caartel; two weeks of campaign; three months to Asuncton |” The ailianoe with theempire had been “upon along timé previous to the fall of Montevideo, as Senor Paranhos revealed in the legislative chai- bers of Brazil, and as we shall see later in the oxam!- nation of dates, It was kept ot to await the fa- vorabie moment when its publi¢ation would not ‘wound the susceptibilities of the peopie. Thus, when the invasion of Corrientes by Pai y Was de- clared an act of piracy many of the opposers of Bra- Hil accepted the alliance as a necessity that they might avenge the insult to the Argentine flag. ut the secret treaty of alliance made public in the Parliament of Great Britain, that treaty which, guay, usurps 144,000 right wank of the miles near the rivers Apa and miles in the Oriental Migjones of the Parana that treaty, which Kegan Fae respect for t! independence of that republic while It refuses to treat for peace with its legitimate government, but promises to estabitsh there @ satisfactory govern- ment; that treaty which, while it demolishes fortifi- cations, makes booty of all armaments and munt- tions of war and imposes contributions, even to the Payment of three hundred to four hundred millions of war expenditures; that treaty, we say, revealed by its dat jat the alliance, as was assured by the inister Paranhos tn the Legisiative Assembly, without denial, was agreed to before the fall of Montevideo. In effect, the invasion of Corrientes A of April; ft was knownin I 20th. From Buenos Ayres to Rio Janciro takes six days, to retura six days, which means that the plenipotentiaries might have assembled ia Buenos Ayres to negotl- ate tho treaty on the 4th of May, pro- viding they lost no time. The pai however, bears date May i. The three plentpotentiaries had met at that date, exchanged opinions, come to an agree- ment and approved of the clauses of the treaty, Which they then formally signed. ‘The situation was critical. The well conoetved but audacious pian of Lopes might bring grave results to Argentine and Brazilian if the Parag army SS. Entre Kios, where so much ¢ympatiy existed or While the 12,009 or 15,000 Brazilians at Montevideo were being transported to Concordia to form an army by uniting with the Argentine contingents, General Paunero, at the head of 3,000 or 4,000 Argen- Une troops, held the Pai force in check. Fail ing to advance in accor et with his orders, the Paraguayan General Robles left his army divided by the Uruguay river, and at Yatay and Ory uayane was completely whipped by the allies, ie savren- dered by capitulation and seoret stipulations the army which had been entrusted to What the Braziitans did with the youth of the Paraquaran foree cannot be deserined ‘by a decent pen, Suffice it to say that the allies of Brazil bhusl with shame at finding them-eclves in company With such inde- cont sons of Sodou. The army com pieted its organization and advanced by the centre of G nites, ‘ihe Oriental repubiie had contrivuted tot Lragge 4,000 of its gona, a con- tiogent by which Flores paid in part for the services rendered him by Brazil. ve to Flores, asa Brulian genera he Sibvention ot of which was ihiaiy pul for apace ot two years, oven afterthe Orient contingent Had sensed toex and red the eld, For this sum Brazil the that negroes into fleld they would have cost her $5,000,000 for the same term of service. Flores, to comply with his comproinise with the empire, placed Uruguay under @ small force of Colorados, and gathering 4,000 men, hie in the political |. tied many of them with cords and drove them under a eer ee escort Ss be delivered on are ee erate fleet, which transported them up swell the ranks of the army. Of these 4,000 Orientals there remain to-day scarcely 300, Their comrades have died tp the campaign against ; Here I have given you in Oriental Mato to the date of the Paraguayan war. The underlying idea of the A) tine statesman, as the Cabinet mem- ber Elizaide informed British Minister, is the eludti ing ee ns juding — imy ble dream when we consider the opposition of Brazil to such a scheme and the to} phical na- ture of Boli' which belongs to the Amazon instead of the Plata valley and holds a distinct people within its limits, Uruguay ta also beyond the reach of this territorial idea, for the reason that it is already a conquered province hieapertal Brazil. It has no hope of Resting its lost lependence for the present. Its only and transient opportunity will be when the Allied Powers commence their inevitable quarre! over the spoils of Paraguay in case of her complete conquest, or, when the new Argentine government, fully awakened to the national suicide they com- mi by the infamous treaty with the empire, with- draw from the alliance and turn their swords to the defence of oper they have been endeavoring to overthrow. en Uruguay may have another op- portunity for existence a8 a separate State, The solution, however, of the probiem of peace and rosperity to Eastern South America is the overturn- ing of the empire and the establishing of a republi- can government throughout its vast territory. MEXICO. Excitement Over Railway Matters—Peace General—Minatitl: Telegraph Company= Jalapa Railway. Vara Crvz, Oct. 15, 1808. The action of Congress on the Mexico and Vera Crnz Railroad bill has caused the greatest agitation in the public mind here and has raised such a clamor everywhere along the projected line that the opposi- tion are somewhat alarmed, and its leader, Zama- cona, is now endeavoring to patch np some compro- miso; as yet with no success; but such is the state of popular feeling that some arrangement will doubtless be effected. There is antimmense deal of poverty and sufferiug between this city and the capital, which would be relieved by an early re- sumption of work on the road. At the same time the local trade, upon which so many depend for a subsistence, is at a standstill; and the action of Con- gress under such circumstances has caused an indig- nation which may break out nto something serious wf it ta notsoothed. The opposition is based upon antagonisin to the Executive and to the introduction of foreign capital and enterprise, at ull times two of the strongest principles in the breast of Mexicans. ‘The general condition of the country seems peace- ful enough, save occasional instances of capture for ransom and robbery. Still, business does not revive, and though the long anticipated epoch of peace is upon us no improvement is visible. This port is bare of vessels and 01 a very few are expected; indeed, we are entirely indebted to the regular lines of steamers for what little apparent activity exists, We hear nothing of the Tehuantepec road, and the Rew company seein to be in no hurry to commence work. The Minatitlan Telegraph Company, having re- ceived all the necessary material, will at once com- mence the construction of the line. ‘The Jalapa road has resumed work, having nego- tiated in Mexico the $50,000 granted by the State of Vera Cruz, It will be finished to Paso de Ovejas in December. The Medellin line is to be continued to Paso del Toro, The American steamer due since the 13th is just in sight. A very heavy norther has blown cha the past few days, but no disasters have occurred, Trouble Between tho General Government and the State of Mexico—Attitude of Cor- tina—Indiau Depredations—Robberies. Havana, Oct. 29, 1508, By the arrival at this port, on the morning of the 19th, of the French steamer Loutsane, we nave dates from the capital to the 10th and Vera Crnz to the 15th. The Louisane encountered a violent storm and arrived forty-eight hours behind hertime. Tne relations between the government and the Legisla- ture of the State of Mexico are not of the :most cordial character. An opposition Las been formed against Arévalo, the Secretary, and charges have been preferred which ave awaiting the action of the Grand Jury. #1 Progreso of Vera Cruz in ita issue of the 16th inst. eays:—“Jose Martinez de la Concha, Governor of the State of Mexieo, has tomporarily re- tired from that office in consequence of fllness, and Antonto Timbroso, President of the Supertor Conrt, is exercising the functions until Congress shall appoint @ successor."? ‘he new Governor of San Luis Potost, instead of exercising his constitutional right in the intment of political chiefs of the districts, has led on the Ayuntamientos to make nominations therefor, an act which has been well received by the people. He has also requested the Legislature to do away with certain government officers of no practical mnie ‘The mines of Catorces and other places are show! the good effects of protection aud enforce- ment of the laws and commerce is reviving. General Escobedo has gone to Tampico, doubtiess with a view of settling the disturbances in Tamaulipes. Cortina, it 1s said, will soon return to Matamoros, when he will take active part upon the one side or a other, in any disturbances which may occur ere, In Oaxaca, upon the petition of a large number of parishioners in the various districts, the political bad have granted the privilege of religious pro- cessions, The Indians are active in Chihuahua, and the in- habitants were organizing to put a stop to their depredations. ¢ authorities of the State of Sonora have peti- tioned the general mment for the éstablish- ment of military colonies on the frontier to. ay oe the periodical incursions of the Indians, who have been yar active of late, killing miners and driving off s' e Robberies are reported in Puebla, Michoncan, Guerrero, San Luis Potosi, Sonora aud Nueva Leon. Something Wrong in the Trensury Depart- ment—The Vera Cruz Railway Still—No Export Buty on Metals Except Gold and Silver—Other Tariff! Amendments—Arrests of .Ex-ImperialistsDra! je of the Valley— Carlosities Discovered. MEXICO CrTy, Oct. 10, 1968. ‘There has occurred of late a newspaper discussion a3 to the actual amount of revenue raised during the last fiscal year. Mr. Juan Zambrano, a gentleman of Mexican birth and education, but who has tra- ‘velled abroad and ts somewhat known in the United States, and who is also known as @ statistician, has charge of the Department of Nationalization or sale of Church property. He haa been furnishing the press with some data, from which it is argued that there is a deficiency of about $6,000,000 in the reve- nue during the last fiscal year; that the Appro- priation bill passed by the Inst Congress called for $18,000,000, and that only $12,000,000 has been realized. Recent data, published a day since, show a deficiency of $29,201 17 during the three months commencing the 1st of July last over and above the deiictency which may have existed dnring the same three months of the fiscal year of 1867, This refers to the receipts in the offices of the administration of sealed paper, principal district taxes and district contributions. As is natural, the revelations made by Mr. Zambrano have seriously disiurded the com- mercial portion of the community and has called out & full statistical report from the chief oficer of the sixth section of the ‘Treasury Depart ment. This oMicer claims that Mr. Zam- brano has failed to credit the proper. sums to the various departments which receive taxes and revenue, and as corrected by the former a fair case is made out, Tho finance report of Minister Matias Romero, Seg- retary of the Treasury, was presented to Congress a few days since. As it shows the condition of the ‘Treasury during the first year after the re-establish- ment of the republic, the foreign reader may be able to form some opinion aa te the eMiciency of its au- thor and the prospect for Mexico's future. Congress has been too busily engaged upon the railroad ques- tion to give its attention to the report, ana the press, 8o far, has remained silent, ks ‘The Cabinet is evidently now a unit, Mr. Lerdo be- ing fully installed again as Minister of Foreign Rela- tions, and, so far as is known, all the departments are now acting in harmony, Notwithstanding the fact that the majority of Congress failed to confirm the act of Juarez in coneeding the grant to the Mex. ico and Vera Cruz Ratiroad Com any there is no iene manifestation against the Ment and net, aoe oy, partloaiar, expressions of dissatia- faction, fi hat the President had been suc. cessful in suppressing the revolutions which from time to time have broken out in different States wecms quieted the restless poilticians and @mbitious pucrals, who, six months sin were quietly noddfhg at revolution, and who we believed to be in correspondence with revolutionizing chiefs who are now suffering for the crime of not having succeeded in their ertorts to aubvert the gov. ernment, The latter may consider it the solemn | cure ry gend them to their mountain fastn: in order Sat iney may resume to the walks of gu life, be and prepare themselves for the next army, which is jays in advaice, 18 apparently happy desires no particu- lar change of government, agit is ‘exceedingly doubt. ful if another administration, and especially a revo- Jutionary one, would pay them as satis ly. However mnch the government of the United States bea mili Gp poanet be denied that the soldier has much to do in sustaining the present condition of this Sountrg, and the t 18 well pat by Mr. Romero in nls finance report, that when ie connery restored to absolute peace then the may be diminished and the money pow appro- Pr to their payment be employed {in paving the terest on the public debt. It is impossible to do otherwise than commend that portion of the report of Mr, Romero which discusses the means for giving employment to the immense idle population of the country; and if the will of the Co: and the con- dition of the Treasu are equal to the emergency, Mexico may surprise the world by its advancement, On the other hand, there ts no abatement of kidnap- and assaults and the irrnption of petty revolu- ions which afflict the body politic. Itis not bel.eved that the revolation in Tamaulipas can long afflict that State, and suspected parties are closely watched in other States in order to prevent an new dim. culties. By an earnest , SpeRicanion of the militar, to such bands as may infest known districts It hoped that property and life may be rendered more secure. The Commission in charge of the form: of the new Tariff bill are now hard at work, and understand that the bill which they intend to re- commend will impose no export duty on Copper or other metals except gold and silver; on the former the tax will Brobaniy be two to two and a half Re and upon silver coin five per cent 10 abolishment of {nternal taxes is contemplated, by which is meant the tax upon silver and gold moved from one State or city to another. It appears that the government and the people of the State of Vera Cruz have expressed great disgust at the recent pardoning of General Honrato Domin- guez by the federal authorities, A telegraphic des- patch appeared m the Siglo YX, yesterday, in which the Governor informs the central government that he calle together the State uslature for the urpose of resigning his office as Governor of the tate, as it would be impossibie for him and General Dominguez, if pardoned, to continue in harmony. ‘The Governor states that the pardon of Dominguez is received with great disgust in the State; that it was not only impolitic, but attacks the sovereignty of the State, and that the latter has a right to de- peel the return from Dominguez of the money General Gonzales Ortega is in Saltillo, By a decree of the President the port of Lobos, in the State of Sonora, was opened to the customary coasting trade on the Gth of October, 1868. The candidates for the different gubernatorial, Ju- diclal and other onices of the new State of Hidalgo are abundant, but as they are comparatively ua known abroad, except, perhaps, General Benevides, I do not mention them, Mr. Limantour, of California notoriety, has been Suoring, a prison for the last six or seven days, to which he was ordered by one of the Judges of this city. Itis stated that this is the result of prosecu- tions made by Mr. Jouan, an American citizen, who has stated that he was swindled, robbed and impris- oned by Mr. Limantour for two and a half years, aided by General Diego Alvarez. Colonel Figueroa, late of the Imperial army, and commanding cavalry at Vera Craz duripg the is a prisoner here in Santa Teresa, of General Uraga, has also been ‘ing the empire and has been sent out of the country. From the’State of Guerrero, the late news froin its capital and from Zumpango del Rio was to the effect that in the coming election a large portion of the people desired that another per- son than Alvarez should be named as Governor, as the ple could not be tee represented it he held that position at the time of the election, Mr. Edward Perry is reported to have received his nomination as agent of the English bondholders in Mexico, Cortina has left for Matamoros, and, it ia said, will organize a command for frontier service, In the State of Jalisco, near Zapoulanego, sixteen of the government troops were recently attacked by 200 “pronunciados,”’ who cried, ‘‘ Viva el Bmperador Iturbide! Vira eb Santa Anna! Death to the liberals!” In the vicinity of Zumpango 4 dozen leagues from this city, Where engineering operations are now in progress, with the View to drain the valley of Mex- ica, some recent excavations have revealed in the same bed of tertlary formation the skeletons of a wild boar, man, ‘and an immense animal, possibly of the Saurian family or the Pachydermata. Pieces of bone which I have seen from the vertibr@ were abont the size of 8 half-gation Poa, ba a The long bones are O! t size and the head sald to be as large as a [shall visit the locality and furnish you with a complete account of it. 1 am informed that there are in- dications that the bones of the three different animals pertained to different centuries, and that the accident of their being found together resulted from their having washed into the place where they were found possibly by currents which at some early day must have been flowing rapidly out of tae valley of Mexico at Zumpango. More of this hereafter. ‘The decreo of Congress ordcring the construction of @ wagon road from the city of Durango to Mazat- Jan has been pubiished. The expenses will be made out of the national treasury, and appropriavion hav- ing been made of $50,000 per annum. in the State of Oaxaca, which is quiet, the squad- ron of public security las been abandoned as a matter of economy. In regard to General Canto, who is to be tried for is life, it is not a bad symptom that he is held a pri- soner by boon haga in the town whero his own troops are stationed, The Legislature of the State of Puchla has autho- rized the President to regulate the basis of a contract for the construction of a railway from the city of Puebla to the highest navigable point of the Mercala river, which flows into the Pacific. A wagon road from Oaxaca to Tehuacan ts sald to be under way. Gold mines in Guannjuata are highly ken of, The revolt in the cavalry troops of Parras been suppressed. Phe wine Ofciai informs the commerce in gene- ral that it is not the intention of the government to change the Custom House rate of dnties for some time, and that, therefore, ail kinds of commercial transactions can be made without any fear of sudden change. Of the seven Indian chiefs who lately vis- ited Vera Cruz from the Sierra of Puebla the oldest ‘was 104 years of age and the youngest sixty-four. THE PANAMA SHIP CANAL. We lay before the public to-day a most interesting and practical scheme for the opening of a grand ship canal through the Isthmus of Panama or some other point of Central America, to whicn we invite the atvention of the American and all other govern- ments. The plan recommends itself above all others hitherto brought to public notice by the great prin- ciples of international justice and equality on which itis based, as well as by the adequacy of the means which are proposed for the completion of the work. It contemplates the opening by the joint co-opera- tion of all the nations of the world of an ample chan- nel of ship communication between the Atiantic and Pacific oceans, and securing it from all lability of ever falling into the hands of any one nation by giv- ing to each nation @ share, @ common proprietary right to the country through which it is to pass, as weilas to its sovereignty under the enactment of new international laws—in a word, to make the canal an open narrow sea, as little Mabie to inter ruption in principle and in fact aa the ocean itself. ‘The schemes which have recently been attempted fali in these essential requirements. Every plan that does not embrace the principles of common inter- national equality and justice will be defeated. Nor, indeed, can the means be found to execute the work without placing it on a basis so large, liberal and Just aa to disarm the hostility of rival nations, With these remarks we recommend to the serious con- sideration of our statesmen In power, and those wno are to succeed, the well studied and clearly elabor- ated plan of Mr. Niles, communicated to the govern. ment at Washington several years ago, while he was its Minister in upper Italy, and submitted to the Senate by President Fillmore:— ToRIN, June 80, 1849, Smm—The extraordinary development of commerco between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, which 1s to be @ noc and immediate consequence of the rapid settlement of the northwest coast of the Ameri- can Contineat, from California to Vancouver's island, by an active and enterprising population, Pree an increasing and greasing interest to the great subject of aship canal between the two oceans, not only to the United States, but also to the whole commercial world. Were such a channel to be on & scale commensurate with its nt Ry lS im- portance, it is probable before lapse of eri eat length of time the amount of commerci ransactions through it would be greater than has at , A e been carried on through the Straits of Gib- raitar. ‘The magnitude of the commercial interests to be affected by this artificial medium of communication through all time to come presents an unanswerabie reasou why the work should be executed upon a most extensive scale, It is evident that such @ channel of commercial communication should not enure to tle exclusive al- Vantage of any one nation, or to any limited number of nations, or be subjected to the Hability of interrup- tion iy? @ eventualities of war. hould be a com- mon international thoroug! Wwaye open and aiways free on equal to the commerce of ail nations, great and small, the weak as well as the powerful, those nations that are situated at remote distances a8 We!l as those in ita immediate vicinity. To secure these objects tt is necessary that it shoud be constructed by means of a common fund and effectively placed under the gnardiaaship univers sally Le apn oe law of nations, As is no plan Sta at ck a A practical means for the socuraphianment ot thi gro object on a ecale that is likely to meet.the wants of the eommerci#! world and secure to all nations a common and perpetual Denefit In its advantages when compieted. Notwitl standing the United States have an esyectal interese in the eur y realization of this enterprise and porses4 berlaps the means of executing tb uwON Buy Uesira- 2 dle scale, yet in view of the Implied rights of and the jealoumes and ltimatehosttitt hich eat ‘among other nations, were i to be carried a8 an exclusivel ational work, an elevated sense of internal oe, as well as a wise , requires that it should not he taken hand without previously ex' an invita.ion all the commercial nations of the earth to become int proprie*ors and to participate m its construc- under such circumstances of equitable contribu- object as will give to it the character of being a common property and a common passage open to all upon such conditions as shall forever pre- vent the work from becoming obstructed or falling in the hands of any one government or combination of governments, ‘The only way to insure that paramount object ts to make the whole matter of this proposed canal the subject of an international , in which the gov- ernments of all the commercial countries in the World shall be invited to become parties, . In view of the foregoing eonsiderations of interna- luity, and in regard to theestabliahment of & practical administration for the execution and pre- servation of this work under the common anthority of nations, I have drawn up, after mature ‘tion, @ plan which seems to me well calculated to meet ali the requirements of the case. It is embraced in the form of a sertes of propositions, each resting on rea sons that will be apparent to every reflecting mind. This plan I solicit the honor herewith to submit to the consideration of the President, and trust it wtil not be found unworthy of his attention and approval. In the summer of 1847 I had the honor to read this scheme to the late President and Secretary of State, both of whom I believe were favorably struck with it; but it has not in any way been given to the public, and I now submit it to the government in the hope that it may receive that consideration in the com- tng Coagressional y giscusians Pe sonaral abject, utive action upon it, to which it we thought to be entitled, y aM It appears to me, sir, that the character of the American government cannot be exhibited with a more exalted and honorable light than by taking the lead in proposing any practical plan for a vast ship communication between the two oceans, the advan- tages of which it designs shall become common and | elaspegy to all countries, Such an example of ab- egation of selfish and exclusive interests would be the more striking and admirable when exhibited by ® great and powerful country, thus voluntarily pre- ferring to soem the sovereignty of the great princl- leg of natural justice among nations, In reference @ work of almost incalculably vast importance, rather than attempt to secure thosd advantages to itself which its geographical position and its power would perbaps enable it exclusively to possess. J, It te proposed that the work shall be executed by the united contributions of the commercial nations of the world, ‘or such of them as may agree in the undertaking. 2. Tt is proposed that the ratio of contribudovs among the parties shall be that of thelr respective amount of tonnage ‘engaged in foreign commerce, or some analogous basis of qu ity that may be agreed upon. the work shall be executed under the direction of seven cominisatoners, to be apy seven Powora paying the highest n. 4. That the sald commissioners shal! ho empowered to ex- plore the several proposed localltles proper for the cons'ruc- Yon of the canal, and that a majority of them shail decide upon the points best adapted for the execution of the work, ‘a8 well as on the scale on which It ia to bo made, 5. That the contracting parties shall empower the sald com: missioners to treat with the State, throu:h the territories of which itis contenplated to construct the canal, for the cex- sion of the required extent of territory with the entire sove- Felgnty thereof from sea to sea; aay a» belt of efx miles in width, reaching from shore to shore. 6. That the work shall be completed within a fixed number of years, any elght or teny from the ratiication of the treaty of ay ent for that object by the contracting Lehi? Huateach of tho contracting parties shail pay into the hands of n banker, to be selected by them, one-elghth or one- tenth of the eatimatad cost, pro rata, of raid wor for the eight or ten or more successive years. ‘The est to be mada by the said commissioners previous to the com meneement of the work. 8, That an exact account of the detail expenditures on the work shal! be annually made by the commissioners to the government of each of the contracting parties. 2. That the vossala of the country cbillag the required ter. ritory and sovereignty shall have free passage through said canal forever, without any charge whatever. 10, ‘That. the sald canal thall be open to the navigation of tho ‘vessels of all nations opon the payment of a duty ac- cording to the value of ahip andcargo or some other equit- able principle calculated to meet facidental expenses of a- ministration, keep the works in repair and nitiwately repay to tho contracting parties their respective advauces pro ral 11, It is to be stipulated that any attempt of any one of the contracting parties or any other power to get forcible poa- jon of said canal shall be considered a flagrant ageres- pon the rights of each and all the other parties to this conveution. 12. It in to be stipulated that in times of war between any of the contracting parties no seizure made within two hnn- ct yee of either mouth‘of said canal shall be considered lawful 1. sion hall not be permitied to approach oF guns mounted, no duty of the said commissioners to establish all needful regulations touching the interests of the canal, and that sald regulations shail be binding on the citl- zens or subjects of the several contracting partes andion all Ge hag 15, That no forte nor buildings of any kind shall be constructed upon the ceded territory but such as may be ary by the commissioners to earry out the ob- Jeeta of she proposed convention, 16. That crimes against me committed within the ceded territory shall be turned over for punishment to the country coding the territory, and that the riyhis of extradi- tion be accorded to. ail governments in reg spective subjects who may have sought to avold the payment of debts or (o eacaps from orl Suatice at home by tak- ing refuge on the sald territory, 'y. proposed that the work be commenced as soon as a ntion to that effect shall have been concurred in by wernments—other parties being per- ¢ provisions of kaid convention and seven of the principal milted to subscribe to to share in the execution of the work at any period during P individual friendly instances, near ament tl desired territory, to induce ft to to take into consideration all representations mace b of the contracting parties tou re, the the canal, and that » majority of them al ‘tinea have power to change or modify such regu: 20, That the expenses of the commbsfoners, and persona employed by them, shall be paid by the government appoint- jog them respeccivély, until the surveys are completed and the work entered upon ; but that thereaster they are to be paid from the common fund, 21. That the President of the United States propose to the time powers of the world, through simultaneous instruc- tions to our diplomatic agents tn in the execution of the work. 22. That the governments a general out!ines of this project Tespective plenipotentiar! ico all at al the Uni Although the above pro the atipulations, the ini required in the proposed conveution, yet the general scope of the undertaking, the means for Its execu- tion, as well as the mode of initia'ing and bringtag about the Bhai pers» lations are, I flatter myself, suMctently clear and explicit. 1 present would seem to be an anpropriate time for a’candid and prompt consideration of tire subject by the governmenta of Ew » a8 the prospect of carrying through an enterprise fraught with conse- pom #0 favorable to the rapid extension of Chris- an civilization throughout the Kastern hemisphere and the Kine 80 mang new and prolific sources of private wealth and general public prosperity would in no small degree serve to divert the excited and distempered popu'ar mind of Europe froin the pur- suit of those jonary and impracticable political theories, 0 dangerous to the whole fabric of society, now 80 ent in this ng of the world. If, sir, in presenting this scheme I have mtpeves beyond the strict line of my diplomatic duties I trust an ample apology will be found tn tue importance of the subject, to which the administration canuot be indifferent. I have the honor to be. sir, with renewed expres- sion of respectful cousideration, your obedient ser- vant, NATHANIEL NILES, Hon. Joun M. CLAYTON, Secretary of State, tions do not include all HAYTI. Movements of the Alex. Petion and Mura- tanza—Salnave’s Operations Against Jere- mic, Miragoane, Aux Cayes=Coanter Feel- iug—Tho Situation at Jacmel. HAVANA, Oct 24, 1868, Your correspondent at Port au Prince, under date of the 9th, writes as follows:— ‘The steamer Maratanza left here on the night of the 6th inst. and arrived before Jeremie the next day, where it'met the Alex. Petion, on board of which was Salnave. On the morning of the sth the President went on board of the Maratanza, the necessary papers were passed and the vessel became the property of the Haytian government and aseumed Haytian colors. It is now styled Salnave. She is commanded by Lieutenant Huggins, former! Ly American naval officer, who came here on the Alex. Petron as executive officer. She arrived hore tuis morning but will return again to-night, The Alex Petion bombarded Jeremie on the 6th, causing Considerable destruction and ailencing the forte, After the Salnave was transferred she shelled the town with her 100-pound Parrot, causing deal ofdamage. The town {is surrounded on the land side by the troops of Sainave, and if a capitulation does not take place to-day a general attack will be made to-morrow by land and sea, and the town must either surrender or be completely destroyed. The President expects to return bere on Friday, tho 11th instant. As soon as Joremie is reduced Merogoane and ain aa' are to be attacked, and the latter lace 18 said to be ready to yield. Before the bom- ment of Jeremie Salnave Lad an interview with the Consuls and gave the necessary time to re- move persons nnd pi iy. The various how- ever, were flying over the consulates all . ‘The Inhabitants of Jeremie are without wi ay. ing been cut off by the besieging force, and the women are in full revolt. It is here that the Cacos have made‘an attack on Gonaives, and that General Shevauer, commanding that piace, has sent here for reinforce- Ments- Itis also stated that the government troops have made an attack on the headquarters of tue revolutionary: 4 at tife bridge of but were repulsed with heavy loss, ‘The police here have arrested three Frenchmen, who are accused Of is*uing counterfeit Haytien vill#. A great quautity is in circulation. principally $100 Rere that it 1 ite Tutention to pu ere that it ts its tntention to purchase all tie coftee fee ers yt ict the to ship such as they y 2 a vernment shall be the only one existing. a er I make the following;extrac's from a correspond: ance dated at Jacmel, October ¢ They may he re: garded as embodying au ahti-Saluave view of tue | sun Jon ther ihe republican general, Michel Doug has their re- Fean, ‘That the contracting parties agree to lend the aid of-their th holding @ requi ces- sion. ‘18: That ft shall be the duty of the Board of Commiasioners ekber 1 lations of foreign countries, to unite ifying their assent to tho invited to empower their at —— to enter into negotiations for the conclusion of a joint convention to that eifect with ited States. , reduction of which mig it be the merchants | 5 Scabies been nominated as President in the North, and Nissago Saget in the South. It s:oms aa though the revolutionists comprehended that the resistance to Salnave’s power would be indednite!y prolonged, and therefore bad named provisional presidents. The nomination of Domingnez is important, lnas- mueh as it is hoped that he wil! be abie to bring over the troops known as the “Piquetes,”” of which le was @ long time chief and without the aid of which Salnave would, ere this, have been compelled to suc- cumb, Meanwhile the Piquetes are laying siege to this city, although they bave been beaten every time he bag have made a sally they still persevere, hoping that hunger wiil eventually compel a surren- der, ‘This city has suifered a great 10s in tie death of General J.’ Rebeca Hector, wo died ta conse- _— of a wound received when retiring from the ‘Tie revoluitoutsts fect the greatest indignation to- rolutionists feel the greatest in Wards the United States for wnat they style her as- sistance to Sainave inthe matterof the gunboats Petlon and Matanzas, aud insist that the latter has promies 48 @ remuneration the Mole of San Nicolas. he Pétion is exnected to visit various porta on the coast with a view of reducing them, she will have considerable to do, as ali the porta, Including this one, are strongly fortided and ready to receive the er. The condition of the country may be summed ap as follows:—In the South the principal cities favor the revolution and are besieged by the Salnave ¥j tes,” and in the Nortn all the strong- hol except St. Mare favor Salnave and are besieged by the Cacns revoluttonists, In the centre Salnave occupies Port an Prince, and within a few miles of the city there is a revolutionary force under Generals John Lynch and Petion Faubert. This force is the one which for- merly besieged Port an Prince, but waa compelled to refire because it was not strong enouzh to assault the city, On the other hand, Sa’ ave 1a too feeble to risk a battle, and so remains wituin the watls in the firm hope that the “Petion’” will give hiin the vie- tory. It is diMcult to tell the ultimate result of this frightfui warfare which from day to day is devastat- ing the country. It can be safely said, however, that Salnave will never be able to suppress the revolu- tion. He may sustain himself for a long time and destroy the country altogether, but the revolution will finally succeed in overthrowing him, It should be born in mind that the partisans of Salnave are mostly the canaille, and itis tupossible to triumph with such elements. ST. DOMINGO. Arrival of the Papul Nunclo—Stnte of the Church in St. Domingo—Poniifical Efforts te Redeem it—Steamship Matiers—Miuing Sure vey—An Incideat=Trade. Sr. Dommnao, Oct. 9, 1963. Religton and steam enterprise have of late cach presented its accredited ambassador to the Domini- can Republic, and both have been received with due consideration by the Baez Cabmet. The former comes in the person of the most reverend Apostolic Vicar Louis de Buggenoms, anid the ta'ter, of the very energetic Judge Sullivan. The arrival of the Papal Nuncio has created quite 2 sensation here, as it 19 likely to have a great in@uence, both upon the re- gious and secular destinies of the repabl full understanding of thia a brief resume of the Chureh history In the Island is necessary. When San Domingo became tudependent of the mother country her clergy cast loose many of the ties which bound them tothe Spanish Chureh, and the religious institutions of the country, already sorely perverted, were debased by all the vices and follies growing out of anarchy. Schools wortiy of the name ceased to exist, the church ediilces and institutions of charity suuk to ruin ant the clergy agaclass became so demoralized that the friars of old Spain remaining in the country, themselves not models of purity, were compelled to ory out against the loose morals and bad Latin of the Dominican priesthood and call on the head of the Church upon earth to look after his stray lambs. This was pre- cisely what the Dominicans wished to avoid. They preferred the easy rule which custom had estab- lished—a rule satisfed with just so mach Latin as the breviatries required and which inno way was interfered with such small trios as Sunday cock- fighting, incessant gambling or families of young children, of unacknowledged parentage, cbarita- bly taken care of by good natured padres who had not found it zood to be alone, When the Papal representative first came to in- ire into the condition of the Church he was told that the native es woul ot sal % to foreign dictation, and the Domin Cong with great orance or want of reverence proceeded to clect an archbishop on poiiiteal grounts, and with cre- dentials, doubtiess originated for the occasion, he ‘was sent off to Rome for consecration, It 1s pc chap needless to say that he was not consecrated, and the Vicar was directed to return to San Domingo, and periorm the duties of the Episcopate ad interim, in compliance with which order he ts now here, Baez. who fuilv appreciates the condition of the Charch, 4 anxious to elevate it from ts present slough of vile- ness, and, in an interview with the vicar, b _ his readiness to sustain im to the cxte is power, feeling that the orders of tie Ponti must be respected, All connection between Chureh and State is dissolved, and ft is devermined that the Church, iu adapting Itseif to the cond tica of affairs, shall follow the example of that boty in the United States in the matter of government. The Padres of St. Domingo were at firs! rebellious, bul the high talents, steadiness and firmness of ihe vicar have prevailed, and all have finally yieded bat with one exception, What resulta froot ‘ali tila t% the with- drawal of the Church from aii particrpacion in polt- tical imbrogtios, hh «utfal source of trouble, aud, it is rmation d the consequent eect of good tnduence and ex- ioe upon the people. ‘he other embassy has been equally successful. Judge Suiitvan, on behalf of parties in New York and New Orleans, has closed a coutract with this government for a monthly Lue of atamers bewween thore cities and San Domingo, changed to semi- monthly hereafter, at the option of the company. A Prominent feature of this enterprise is the estabilah ment of & coasting line in con iO) Une larwer steamers. An easy stretch o: connection with the Spanish steamers a’ on the east and with the British and Paciiie atthe other end of the line. Again, it is expected that another of these coast steainers, on tie north side, will take in Samaria. Puerto Plita, Monte Christ! and Port au Prince in Haytl, where tt will connect with the French and Mexican lines as well as with the Cuban steamers, This fsiand has hitherto lett an awkward gap in the s'eam com- munication of the West lies, bul Chis new arrang- ment completes the enti circle of interchange be- will form a tween the Antilles, Europe aad tie United states, The enterprise will be of ticalowia wivaniage to ertcan and European tlnng companies which are organizing (o work the Vominican mines. In this connection [ may state that tere is uo rea- A should not s #, Used IM ‘ropical A here milligas en provisions snd other prc is, ft Government would bestow but ¢ est in the advancement of her t tion of her products into 0 he: bestowed by certain European ni ‘The success of the ree-ni loan « nearly all rica, and the u year of their United states: of t inter. an troduc- 4 ‘b liberaliy $. 1 the cstablish- ment of thy eam line jibes well withthe projected mining survey of the Dominican territory, which will be united as soon as the rains ce, mention here a little Incident as ind mining prospects in St. Douing Wien berg. the State geologist, made hia first t scientific observation he requested the © certain points to Wash out the gra us of go designated quantity of earth, it it suoald bo found to contain any. Only the women with tieir cala- bashes responded to the reqnes:, nud in a day or two after brought him @ considerable quactity of clean, tine gold dust. He bougut twenty ounce " he cared for, and since tuon at east one hundre: ounces have been brought to this city for sa localities are among the first on the plan o: but the mining sites will not Le opened for before the Ist of January. ‘The commerce of the country continaes as dull as ever. There is but one vease: he United Stated. The Laura Bell, wth n, ar rived on the 6th wyth provisions. Sle will take bi woods from the coast. The schooner Dos Amigos arrived here on the 7th from Jacomel. She brought cotwealed in her hoid several oMcers who left here some time since with b's President Cabral, and had served with him in ty Their presence soon became kuown to President Baez, who ordered them not to ve disturbed pro- vided they would continue their voyage to some foreign port, which they were ouly too glad to Jo. MORALITY IN CONNECTICUT. {From the New Haven Journai, Oct. 30.) On the Sth of September Chares H. Sauvorn, of Bridgeport, was d by virtue of a complaint and warrant c! him with the wiifal murder of his Wis child, The law provides that two Judges shall be necessary in trials for crimes punish- able with death, and Judge Gronger and Judge id. Ward |, Sanford, Of this city, are holding court at ed, during the trial of Sanborn. it haa been toatified to that the ciitld was apparently well just 18 to the time ite death was made known, and States that Sanborn killed her babe by ing it on the hegd with a hammer hendie ‘ead afterwards chokiing It. ‘Sue says:— He told hima. not so \¢t the ehild live and hie browher Wiliam a aa be come ching naa be bad rial an fled in reierence to a piece of the dead infant's iP which was sent to him tor examination. After de tailing the manner of the investigation, the Doctor testified, as the result of his examination, that antes mortem Violence had been inflicted upon the scalp, and that the ¢echymosis, or clotted blood, visible on the scwip was catised by such violence. ‘A number ther physicians have testifed, and they appear think that the ¢ ick on the head before hid was 1 on trial, and ia the subject rid port, where the D& seaided, itdied. The case ‘ ich conversat rents of the dece