The New York Herald Newspaper, August 18, 1868, Page 8

“EMIGRATION. The Flow of Population “from Great Britain to America. Causes Which Influence the Irish Exodus. Statistical Exhibit of the Ship- ments, Provincial Nativity, ‘Classes in Life and Mor- tality at Sea. Tlalf a Million Sterling to Ireland | ,,!"4" from the United States in 1867. By mail from Europe we have the following special and most valuable compilation exhibiting the dow ©f population from Great Britain and Ireland by emigration since 1862, with comprehensive tables setting forth the result of the exodus to the United Btates in 1867, the classes of persons we receive from ng which they are afforded by Ireland and the me employment here of beneflUng the land of their birth by remittances, DUPLIN, August 1, 1868, An analysis of the emigration statistics of the United Kingdom shows that the total number of per- gons who emigrated from Great Britain and Ireland to all parts of the world during the year 1867 was 53, & smaller total than in any year since 2, less than the emigration of 1866 by 8,929 and less than the average emigration for the preceding four years by 15,882. Of the whole number of emigrants who left the United Kingdom 88,622 were declared Irish born, which number showed a decrease of 10,268, or 10.38 per cent, on the total number of Irish emigrants from the United Kingdom in the year 1866, Of the Whole number from the United Kingdom in 1867, BE 5, equal to 81.28 per cent, went to the United Sta The total emigration from Ireland during the year 1887 was $1,724 persons; of these a total of 79,571 (or bine-tenths of the whole emigration from Ireland) Went to the United States, the remainder being pretty equally divided between British North America and Australia, ‘The following is abont a fair estimate of the con- ition and means of persons emigrating from Ireland to the United State One-half consists of tradesmen, mechanics, farm la- borers and miscellaneous class, possessing @ capital of from £5 to £ One-fourth consists of small farmers, shopkeepers, &o.—capital from £109 to £200 each famliy. One-fourth persons possessing $200 and upwards in the or mily. Although the total emigration from Great Britain and the (otal emigration from Ireland in 1867 show crease on corresponding totals of the preceding Year, both the general emigration and the Irish emi- rat‘on to the United St show a larger proportion i favor of 1867. ‘ihe decrease in the total emigra- tin returns of the two years is principally in the persons chassed a3 agriculiurists and laborers; but here appears to have Muinber of the educated classes, as pr and govern ‘The following are the ED PORTS OF SHIPMENT f ‘9,571 Irish emigrants to tie United States in the year 186: Liverpool London and other Glasgow... Cc (Queenstow! Londonderry... iy a larger essional en Single men Single wou ie 87 per cent of single men and 28.23 per cent of wie women, he proportions of emigrants for the United States from EACH OF THE PROVINCES of Ireland are as follows:— Prow nce. Leinster Maies, Females, 8,745 7,282 18,475 Grand total.. seesvecsesccsecees From this statement it appears that the largest p portion of emigrants are from the province of Man- ater, where agriculture is the chief source of employ- ment. The unsettled state of landlord and tenant Telationship, absence of title to compensation for im- both pe consequent fear of expending capital for rainage or reclaiming purposes, have unhappily gen- erated and continue to nourish a spirit of discontent g@mong small farmers, which Is the key to th Dumbers who cont nue to emigrate from such As leases expire they realize as much capital a+ por bie and seek in “the New World” security for it vestment and reward for their own labor, As & sult laborers, herda, stable boys, female servants and farin hands of all classes are also set adrift and natu- rally turn their eyes inthe same direction, and no efforts are spared to reach a country which they con- Gider also promises to them subsistence and security. THE RETURNS FROM ULSTER exhibit a greater disproportion between the males and females than either of the other three provinces, the numer being 11,647 males and but 6,616 females, which fact is explained by the great extent to which female labor is utilized in the faux spinning @nd linen factories of that province, By comparison the number of EMIGRANTS FROM CONNAUGHT Appears the smailest, being only 5,108 males and 644 femates; but comparison of the population of is province shows that It contributes an equal fo the general total. largest numbers of those who leave Ireland eon the ages of 20 and 25 years, no less than ales and 12,042 females being registered that period during the past year, The periods are bec 16,67 unde of age which exhibit the next largest numbers are for males 25 to 00 years of age, but for females 16 to 20 years, the total number of fe from 15 to 20 years who left during the being 6,868, While only 4,609 males e at the kame period of age. Ages of 30 to 86 years show 4,920 males and only 2,657 females. Until the year 1847 emigration did not materially Feduce the population of Ireland. In that year 215,444 persons einigrated to America avd the ¢ ing more than double the number of emigrants in 1840. ‘The reports of the Census Comuiissioners for the decennial period of 1841 to Lsél show that if Dirths had taken place in the ratio of 1 to Si of the population annually, asin Engiand (without emigration), the number of children born in Ireland during; that period would have been 2,711,814, and (he opulation in ar 1851 would have been 9,018,799, stand of 6, Between the date of the census Teiurns for 1561 and those of 1861 the decline of the population of Ireland amounted to 165,418. This May be ascribed to the circumstances arising out he famine period, the principal of which was xtraordinary emigration” to the United States for the most part, and the decrease of births conse. quent as well upon that emigration directly as upon iis effects fu resiratning marriages among intend. ing einigrants, The decrease in the population of Ireland between 1441 and 1451 was 19's per cent; from 1861 to 1861 it was 11% per cent. ‘The emigration during the last decennial per id not take place under the same actual pressure of circumstances as in the preceding period, but an @migration #0 vast as that by which Ireland was drained of the most reproductive part of its people could not fail to draw after it a continuing eilux of the population, the resuit of the proverbial strength of family Wes among the Irish peopie and their ap- parently irresistibie tendency to reunite at the arliest opportunity. The Irish emigrauts pettied in the United states wemit annually LARGE BUMS OF MONFY €o relatives and friends in ireland. There ta great diMmeulty in obtaining correct returns on this point, @s it is only by the courtesy of bankers, agents and guch persons that amounts can be ascertained, Large sume are transmitted by the haads of passen- wers, captains of vessels and other ways Wiican Cannot be traced. During the year 1807 the ascertained amount of ro- Mittances Was-— Frown United States. se siseee scene £540,884 11 8 From Canada aad New Lrunswick, 2145 69 + £543,020 17 0 OF thie amoun 202,014 19 6 waa in the form of bat a prepaid passage orders, the remainder in mone. Of the large numbers who cross the Atiarfiic very small proportion NOW go by palling shipe~a | point considered noteworthy as pointing to the fact that the em! ts are not ot the destitute class which formed bulk of the emigration of foriner ears, Nota single accident attended with loss of fe has been reported, ‘THE PROPORTION OF SICKNESS AND DRATHS as also na, as shown by the following returna:— Particulars of mortality in steamships for the United States and C: ia (as far as ascertained) from Great Britain and Ireland:— ‘No, Ent’kd No. Emd'ked. at Liverpool, Cy Deaths. 72,361 Ce 1,404 1,545 2 100 100 - 233 212 - At Londonderry, 2,633, 1,457 1 9,351 2,032 8 2,949 2 Philadelp! '200 pa Baltimore 445 _ Portland 4,090 a Canada, 11,413 3 ‘Total per centage of deaths In steamships. Sailing ships from Great Britain and Ireland: ‘0, Embarked, Deaths, Percent’e. Tnited States. 3 Canada Table showing the number and ages of emi nts from each province and from ail Ireland during 18 Province not Ages. ster. naught, spec. Under 1 year. 39 22 148 land under 863 643 5 and under 15. 1,087 1,140 15 aud under 25. 5,370 6,165 25 and under 35. 1,789 2,203 85 and under 46, 530615, 45 and under 426 408 55 and under 182 179 65 and upwards pT 24 Age not specitie 4 848 Total... ++16,027 26,268 18,164 9,762 11,413 Comparison of the totals of emigrants from each province during 1866 and 1867:— Males. —Femalen—* 1867. ~—Toal.—. 865, 1867. 1866. 1866. 867. 9,915 8,745 7,484 7,988 17,979 16,097 1,899 18,473 15,612 11,793 W971 25,268 7,82 11,547 8,457 6,617 96,259 18,164 Connauight: 725 By1U8 714 4044 19489 9,708 From what province not plated. 60 6840 2,659 5,073 6419 11,418 Persons belonging to other countries 1,127 646 657 454 «1,784 1,100 60,688 45,861 40,5¢8 35,883 101,251 81,724 Decrease in 1867... 14,827 4,700 19,597 Table showing the number of male and female emigrants from each county and province of Ireland during the year 1867; also those who stated them- selves to belong to other countries and who left Ire- land during the same period, From what County, —From aul the Ports. Province or Country. Males. Females, Total, Leinster— teeveee 452 +» 1,397 490 + 128 815 Wexford Wicklow + 599 Total from Leinster..... 8,745 Munster— 11,793 25,268 1,112 612 962 485 849 867 Londonderry 74200-2155 Monaghan 597 1,293 ‘Tyrone... S91 2,089 Total from Ulster.......11,547 6,017 18,104 Connaught— ‘Galway C 7 2,864 Leitrim, oe . 645 654 1,200 Mayo.. 1,078 1,002 2,080 Roscomimon.. 12 836 (1,748 Sligo........ 930 Bul 1,761 Total from Connaught... 5,108 4,644 9,752 From counties not speciiled 6,340 5,073, 1,413 Total from Ireland, 35,409 «80,624 Residents of other Countries:. Engiand and Wales.. 176 458, Scotiand....... . 266 564 The Continent of Europe.. 2 - 2 The United States, Canada and the West Indies... 52 12 oo Africa, Australia and the East Indies....eesceeeee 2 - 2 Grand total..........++.45,861 85,803 81,72 A MURDERER SENTENCED. Max Klingler, the St. Louls Boy Murderer, Sentenced to be Hanged—Demennor of the Prisoner. (From the St. Louis Times, August es The boy murderer, Max Kiingler, who killed hig uncie, Henry Weider, was called up yesterday before Judge Primm for sentence, He approached the bar of judgment without manifesting any particular emotion, and smiled at times when the solemn ben- teuce of death was being delivered. Judge Primin was several times sensibly amected by the sad duty imposed upon him. THE SENTENCE OF DEATH was read in a solemn and feeling manner, and ite composition is unexceptionabie, ve it in full, in order that our readers may know Its solemnity and awfulness;— Max Klingler—It is usual, if not obligatory, in courte which have cognizance of criminal offences, before proceeding to pass sentence upon a party convicted of a capital crime, to ask him if he has avy thing to say why sentence of death should not be pronounced upon him, This is a merciful rule which Inay sometimes enable the convicted to present causes for the suspension of Pe which were unknown to counsel, or which have escaped their at- tention, Ihave asked you that question, but, ! you have advanced nothing in re tes Bins clent to bye! oo en Saree cd u ~ - _ ful} vigor o! th, just n reshoid of manly Hales, ae hate choboe to ‘fhrow away a life of future usefulness and respect, and the dreary result ia @ felon’s doom. You have sown the wind and now your harvest is the whirlwind, In their arga- ment before the jury your counsel urged the ab- sence of a motive asan evidence of the insanity, which, plone, was set up as a defence to the homl- cide which you committed. They insisted. and, no doubt, with truth, that in Myre you had received @ fair ordinary scholastic education; that your con- duct there hi been irreproachabie; that you were @ member of a religious society for the preservation and advancement of moral and religious principles; that your pareats were poor and cumbered with the charge of @ large family; that the deceased, at the solicitation of his wife, who is your aunt, furnished you with the means of coming over to this country; that during your domiciiiation in his family you were treated with the utmost kinduess and consid- eration; and they urged that none but an insane person could, under such circumstances and without Apparent motive, have covamitted the horrid crime of which you stand convicted, Supposing that no motive for the commission of the deed had becn es tablished, either by direct proof or inferentially from the circumstances of the case, it by no means follows that none such existed. Maukind is governed by general laws, which operate with aimost as much regularity ag the laws of nature do, and the motive may exist, and we must bolieve it to have ex. insted, altuough it may be beyond the power of hu- mau wisdom to fathom ft, | But in your case a mo- tive was made apparent by the evidence, The dev ceased had money. You knew it, and knew the piace Where he kept ft, Early in the morning you aros im your bed, went into the shop where lic Was kindiing a fire, and with a pistol, which you had long before tren abstracted from him, you delite- rately, and wi a syllable of warning, killed lim by shooting him through the back of the head. Not satistied with this, you immediately, with @ hatchet, atieropted the life of your aude, Who, unsuspecting of wrong, was coming from her room to ascertain the cause of the discharge of firearms; and with that deadly instrument you infileted wounds upon her persom the marks of which she will carry to her grave. You Luwediately fed from the scene; you avored to imake your escape; but the lightning, which giynallzes God's power, now mad rested y the Missouri, } clothing yet siained with the blood of your victims, and a portion of your vucle’s money which you had abservient to ly ain your ig i, You w an rency and justice, ar- Par tw . on the banks of t. « seized, your hands and your taken, together with tie account book in which it Was stowed away, were found in your possession. You confessed the deed, but justified the homicide on the ground that your uncle had made you angry. At your trial the court assigned you counsel from among the members of the bar, two gentlemen of sigual ability, With the only hope of recompense Which arises from a high sense of professional duty well perforined, brothers Rusgeil and Smith at once took your caure to heart. They Jabored long, gealonsly and faithfully in your defence; but neliher Jearning nor eloquence could save you from the fatal verdict. ‘Their jast effort was to obtam anew trial on your belialf, but in this, too, they failed, Day after day you witnessed er unseifiah and generous toll, and I trust that you are capable of thanking theta from the depth of your heart. How far during the progress of the trial the court has born tn mind the maxim that “4t js better to err on the side of humanity than on that of justice,” it is hot for me tony, Hub | see) (hat it haw epagpyorod t NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, AUGUST 18, 1868—TRIPLE SHEET. todo so, These remarks are not made, Max Kling- ler, m a spirit of reproach, God forbid that I should ever willingly add one drop of gall to your already bitter cup. But on @ solemn occasion like this I feel that he who is empowered to pronounce a doom that gmany think belongs to Omnipotence alone should at che same time that be condemns endeavor to arouse and encourage the hopes of @ life beyond the tomb, Too often do the desires ans ns of youth obtain the mastery and lead the bet- ter judgment captive. Crime is then committed for the gratification, it ray be, of a sing caprice, But in tho breast the most obdurate and hardened even the voice of conscience will at some time make Itself heard, claiming the tears of contrition and proclaiming that ‘there’s no repent- ance in the grave nor pardon offered to the dead.” A jury of your countrymen have decided Inst the lea ‘of your insanity. The affidavits which you ave filed in this court exhibit a remarkable degres of clearness and intelligence; your appearance and deportment in court, and the accounts given by those who had dally converse with you since your imprisonment, a}! satisfy me that now, at least, your mind isin the fall possession of its faculties, and that you are fully capable of appreciating your situa- tion, and, thus’ bel owing I entreat you to look bravely, and not with half-averted eye, into the face of the deed which you have done, go that, seeing and knowing its enormity, you may be enabied to call back the sweet influences which in earlier days made your existence innocent, and which, now that your end approaches, may enable you to meet your God with trembling hope. Max Klingler—It is the sentence of the law that, for the crime of murder in the first degree, of wh ou stand convicted in this court, you be taken hence y the Marshal of St. Louls SOunRY: to the common jail of said county, there to remain in the custody of the jailer thereof until Tuesday, the sixth aay of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight; that from said jail, on that day, you be taken by sald Marshal to the place of execution appointed by law, and that there, between the howrs of ten o’clock in the forenoon and three o’clock in the afternoon of said day, you be hanged by the neck until you be dead, DEMEANOR OF THE PRISONER. Upon being asked the usual question: to whether he had anything to say Why sentence should not be passed, he gave no response, but on consultation with his counsel responded, “Nothing.” When leay- ing the court room the crowd gathered round to obtain a glimpse of him, when he remarked to the Marshal, ‘These — fools seem mighty curious, They will have a better chance to see me when I am hung.” Max Is butnineteen years of age, and seema utterly devoid of feeling. He'believes he will obtain a new trial and is now clinging to life on this small hope. An effort will be made to secure @ cominutation of sentence, NORTH CAROLINA LEGISLATURE. ° Passage of the Special Militia Bill by tho House—Exciting Debate Upon a Motion to Reconsider the Passage of the BillmAn Act to Preserve the Peace and Good Order of the State. RALEIGH, August 9, 1868. The Police bill has passed and civil war may be said to be fairly inaugurated in the North State when it goes into operation. ‘To relieve it somewhat from the odium attached to it as an infamous measure, Mr. Seymour, radical, submitted a substitute differ- ing only in the caption from the original bill, which was changed to ‘An Act*providing for the organiza- tion of a Special Militia,” instead of a “Police Force.” There is no doubt that this act will increase largely the democratic vote in this State for several reasons, In the first place, while endeavoring to control the next elections by force, it invites and promotes bloodshed and riot. In the second place, this special militia must be mainly negroes, to whom the power is given to arrest any man, whether white or black, for an alleged or supposed breach or the peace. This measure of the radicals has yet to pass the Senate, and if the wisdom of that body does not prevail over partisan violence every good citizen will regard jt as a declaration of war by that party against the white people of the State. Vpon a motion to reconsider the vote by which it passed the House the following debate substantially ensued:— Mr. Argo (conservative) said the bill was unconsti- tutional; that it provided for the arrest of a freeman Without authority of judicial warrant; that laws were in force guaranteeing its objects; that it imposed un- necessary taxation; that it placed too much power in the hands of the Executive, which could be used to maintain the er of the party to which the Governor belonged, ¢ Mr. Sinclair (conservative republican) opposed thé bill, because the forces it organized were not mititia, Dutestanding armies in times of peace. It endan- gered the Union, because if other States followed the example the federal government could be easily over- thrown, It was a usurpation of power by the Ex- ecutive, It was a demonstration that republican Zz governments were a failure; it stamped the recon- struction acts as revolutionary; it inaugurated per- petual hatred between the races. He charged it was rushed through by Northern men on the floor of that house, and it would rebound with crushing effect upon them, It placed the life of every citizen at the mercy of the Governor, and gave him more power than many of the Roman emperors had. He pro- tested against it in the name of civil liberty. Mr. Gatling (conservative) followed ina forcible speech in opposition to the bill, which breathed a spirit of defiance far in advance of other conserva- ve speakers, Mr. Hodnett (republican) said the bill was calcu- lated to destroy that nationality and peace which its opponents were so anxious to sustain. In some counties the special militla would be entirely com- oped of colored men, This would occasion insecur- ity on the part of the whites, and hence overy bo: over twelve years old would be armed. Could thi bring us peace? It could not. ‘The negroes would give insults, and those would lead to bloodshed and ae a warned the Northern buzzards agaist this bill, Mr. Dunham (conservative leader) repeated the objections of that ont in his usually ciear and forcible style. He ~~ led the passage of the bill as ® declaration of war one party against the other, which might involve the women and children of both in a sea of blood, He warned the dominant party on the floor against the bill. Mr. Davis (conservative) called the bill “a damna- bly rascally bill of abominations,” ublicans might say, “Blair wants war," but that bili was war itself, Not a respectable man in his county would occupy @ position in such a force, but the mean and contemptible woul Mr, Pou (republics m. while he opposed the bill, im- pugned the motives of nobody, particularly the Goy- ernor. Threats of violence would doubtless be made intimidation might vinent would be threat- social ostracism resorted to, and perhaps even ination attempted; but instead of arming @ e Would sedulously instruct republicans of the impotency of those they fear, He thought the bill howd be reconsidered, at any rate, and if it did bee e # law it could be reileved of many objectiona- ble features. Mr. Holden, the Speaker, who had left the chair, spoke in favor of the bul. Mr. Seymour (radical), the author of the aubstitute, then closed in Its favor, and concluded by a co to lay the motion to reconsider on the table, whic was carried by a vote of 61 to 3% The following is the act as it passed tne Hou SreTION 1. The General A enact, That the Governor is hi in this as in all other campaign: be attempted; loss of emp! ened to preserve the peace and en- wa. 2 That the number of sald militia shall not exceed fifty to each member of the House of Representatives, unless the Go shall deem seid number ansuficient for the of (he peace or the enforcement of the laws, ai! bo a captain r of each pi every tea men compri ceed fifty men the Seo. 8. That enld miittin aball | and baiges, That every momber of t) to one dollar per diem while on actun ther pay oF compensation whatever ywed pay at the rate of I Each cap. bree dollars per diem, at ihe rate of two dol are per diem for pent in orgnuleing and supervising the wand while ou actual duty. nt ao adjutant general, ver month and the neces ‘Anizing gud supervising the the time necessarily force hie com ro. $. No man shall be an officer or private in this organl- zation uniess he be an elector of the Sta ‘and cr # hecessary to call out this force to of prevent any viownee, the expense aby shall U by the town, olty or county in witch gueh riot or “ace shal occur or be Every officer of this organisation shall have power ce under his command aw at the written Fe rift or his de- loner, to call out the Whole or any of tie f othe pence and Julani General o Rach officer of membei of the apecial militia shall r, and ft wall A i time, to arrest for uotl he can be or other Judteiab ins provided thar ng ty-sta hours except by Lt we oficer, ty be dealt. with ae man shall bo detained more thun Judicial order, BRO. ¥. Tt shall bo the duty of the Ady pare and forward to each man appol Organization a printed copy of the ri hi ant General to pre- ‘od a menber of this prescribed to goverg, wll be @ misdemeanor conduct, anc any vlointion w punishable with fine not to exceed Bro, 10, The sald militia wall} : the command of fhe Governor and be subject to his orders, and may be sent to Any portion of the Btate by hitm. “He sail report to each weme sion of the General A mbiy th {ition and efficiency of the organizatio: Avy legisiation he may deem proper and nec Bre. 1 and fi in shall hare powor, r nay be necessa Bhd not uterw io Wakibg asrestay i the white and colored members of the epectal b in the same #ections, Bro. I ert shia oraing to the date of their commissions, and that the Adjutant General shall fue fish to each officer a list of wil tho oiticers ne Se }. Ti ary tO carry out the provisions ropriated and ordered to be paid fr wine supe printed, 4 soree from and after {is page ange, a A new regulation has been sanctioned fa Russe by Which tyose Who wish to be exempt from military wervice are provided with substitutes by the gover gps for the wum of $400 Iw wold ~ SANDWICH ISLANDS. State of Health aud Business—The Veto Power—Popular Dissatisfaction—Americun Interests and the Powers That Be. HONOLULU, July 11, 1868, Very little has transpired since my last. The sum- mer hasset in dry and hot and much sickness pre- vails. Ohlidren have the whooping cough and adults have a miserable influenza to deal with. Business is dull, and no signs of improving until the whalers come in during the fall, The only cheering evidence that Ican note to prove that we are not quite used up isthe few figures concerning the shipments of sugars the past quarter. The shipments of sugar for the three months foot up 7,384,888 pounds, against 6,413,416 pounds for same term in 1867, making an increase of 1,971,472 pounds, The shipments of cof- fee, salt, fungus, bananas, cotton and hides also show a slight improvement over the same period of 1867; but no One believes that the result for the year will show an advance, Arrivals from foreign ports for the past six months show a considerable falling om for the same term for several years past. The San Francisco refineries have an agent liere seeking to renew contracts with our sugar planters to make dark grades of sugars for refining purposes, Some little indignation has been expressed at the too liberal use made by his Majesty of the right to veto acts of the Legislative Assembly. Several bills were vetoed, but the two most important ones— Horse Tax bill and School bill—affect the two classes of his Majesty’s subjects considerably. The Horse bill ts one which has been tried before every Legis- lature for the past eight years and finally passed this Assembly, tobe killed by the King. About every Hawailan in the group owns a horse, and for the privilege they have been taxed $1 year for each horse owned. This bill reduced the tax about one- half, and was consequently very popular with the masses. The School bill gave the people the right to elect a member to the local school boards on the sdifferent islands, This board appoints the teachers and performs other minor duties in connection with the school system, The present educational plan 1s very pepe and this bill would have relieved the people a little, but his Majesty is bound that the right to govern shall remain with him, and conse- quently centralizes the power as much as possible. ‘The better class of Hawaiians are most affected by the last named bill, and their indignation is not so loud, but very deep, His Majesty could not have selected two bills upon which to @xercise the right of veto which would have created so much feeling and thus alienated the little remaining regard for the throne and its occupant. The He gee part of the story is that the Ministry, Board of Education and in fact every member of the government supported the bill and were taken by surprise by the veto. An op- portunity was thus Offered the Ministers to make amends to the people by giving his Majesty the choice of accepting their resignations or sign the bill; but the prospective loaves and fishes proved too great a temptation and they accept the kicks of the people and the suub of his Majesty with equal nonchalance. If we all survive the interval I will wager that the next Assembly will glve his Majesty and the Ministers no end of trouble. ‘The opposition members in the late Assembly have learned not to trust the government. They are very popular and will no doubt be ected, and with other gains which can be counted on taey wili prove very trouble- some, to say the least. So Jar as American interests are concerned it is folly to suppose the present ministry at all favorably inclined to foster them. If the enterprises in which Americans have embarked their capital were ina more healthy condition, the ministers would meet with a vigorous and concentrated opposition which would in turn defeat thein, As the case now stands, with the plantations more paricularly, the proprie- tors have invested every douar of their own, and in most cases the funds of their friends have been calied in requisition to help stem the current; conse- pope A they ave not in a position to openly oppose the ministers, for by so dolng they not only jeopard- ize their own property but that of others. “as soon 4s an individual opposes the present government its whole machinery is turned upon him, and in a hun- dred ‘and one different ways the person is made to feel its power. Local magistrates can by listening to every little complaint brought by the plantation hands work tnealculable mischief, aud the manager or proprietor Knows that it would be but littie satisfaction to appeal to headquarters. There are many favors which will be extended to those who will meekly submit, the importance of which can only be realized by those who are denled them. So long as the enterprises initiated and sus- tained by American capital are in extremity so cok the Ministry feel comparatively safe in their post- tions, Had the reciprocity treaty passed there is but littie doubt that plantations wouid have soon worked off their debts and thus have placed their proprietors in an independent position, It is my belief that the sepeity of the Minister of Foreign Affairs and the Minister of the Interior to the treaty was owing to their knowledge that their tenure of office depended upon keeping American enterprises in irons, 80 to speak. Without the treaty the only change that will bring relief is when the plantations are lu such straits that parties Interested in them will grow desperate and take a bold stand to rightmatters. The business of the group ts certainly not Varigartes very fast, It is true that taxation was light, but from present ap- arances it must be increased to meet the expendi- ures of the government, and a proposition from the resent Ministry to increase taxation would aid ma- erially in bringing about a rupture, The oMicial Gazette of June 24, tn its “court news,” gays:—‘‘His Majesty was well enough to return to town on Saturday last (June 20) to receive the Acting Chargé d’Affaires of the United States and Captain Simpson, of the United States steamer Mohongo.’ This is about the only intimation that has been given the public that his Majesty was ill. The King has been on the street several times lately, and his ap- pearance goes to disprove the rumors, which I before Pie 4s prevailing, that leprosy had fastened upon im. A ts gre hed the large yields of ~ y = the acre In these islands stagger sugar people in other parts of the world, but Thave every reason for Deliv them to be true. The last yield noticed is six an eight-ntnth tons to the acre froma fleld of several acres, on the eae of Messrs. E. Bailey & Sons, at Waliuku, Maui. The fleid was surveyed and the sugar weighed. The lands which yield so largely are of course exceptions, and the yield is obtained under the most favorable circumstances, such as Position of land, facilities of irrigating, &c. The Fourth passed of charmingly. The weather ‘Was, perbaps, a trifle too warm for comfort, yet the programme was carried out with vigor and enthust- asm. A torchtight procession started on a tour through the streets as the clock struck twelve on the night of the a4 and perambuinted through the town and valley, stopping occasionally té cheer and serenade some popular citizen. The procession was yy a brass band and some fine transparencies were carried. As a general thing the mottoes were thoroughly American and elicited much applause. Several transparencies were prepared which gave the Ministers a severe rub, but lt was not thought appropriate to them on this occasion, and ey wore doubtless inid by for the someone: of the independence of the swean kingdom, w) yg occurs July 81. At about seven in the morning the young med of the city turned out in a procession of “Antiques and Horribles” and created a deal of fun and nbrriment, Salutes were fired morning, noon and night. A top o'clock & Rat audience thered in the large native chufch and Iis- ened to Bore very appropriate remarks from he Ay rh nited States Minister Resident, olonied . 4. Spalding, and a fine oration from thé Rev. L. A, Guiick, e orator was frequently ap- plauded by the audience. At noon Colonel Spaldlay received the government and foreign oficiais an itizens of Honoluln generally at a tine lunch at the Sonsutate, In the afternoon @ regatta came off, several exciting races taking place. Tho United States ship Mohongo had two boats entered; but they were both beaten. In the evening Captain cnn aed and oficers, of the Mohongo, entertained @ ree company ata ball given on board the vessel; and the evening will long be remembered by the de- lighted guests. Thus passed of the glorious Fourth in these islands of the sea. While speaking of enter- tainment# [ may mention Le ime given since my Jast to the citizens by Messra, Bollman and Glad 4 the house “4 Hackfeld & Co. The grounds selected were about four miles up the Nuuanu yalley—the country residence of Queen Dowager Kalama—and the entertainment was a perfect success, The grounds and house were gayly decked with fags and ever. reens. The American and Russian fags were coupled etween two trees at (he entrance to the grounds, while the American and the fag of United German: Were coupled at the entrance of the house. Cons! ering that the gentlemen were neliher of them Mericans, this was a very handsome compliment }o their American guests. ‘The missionary brig Morning Star satled June 2 for her annual cruise among the Microvesian Is- Ba js. Just before the Morning Star dailed the reading brig Blossom, belonging amr ate O. Ay Williams & Co, of this city, arrived from Micronesia, bringing a in irons who bad killed a for- eigner belonging to or agent for a cocoanut oll trading station, The man proved that the act was done in self defence and was réleas He called upon the captain of the Morning Stat and stated that a plan had been laid for cutting of the brig at an island which he named, and stated that arms ‘were furnished to the natiyes by a foreigner in com. mand of a trading brig. From the story which this man tolls, success in the cocoa nut oll trade depends upon @ man’s being a smarter rogue than his comi- titors In the business. The foreiguers found on he islands of this group Are @ lawless sot, and ard no doubt at the bottom of the acts of violence com ated, (oy Vessels Visidug the islands for wade or rovisions. Since the above was written ont community hag been surprised by the resignation of the Second As- ociate Justice of the Supreme Court, Robert G. Davis, rears were entertained that the vacancy would be lied by some favorite of the King and Ministers; ut, gt it may seem, they had no one whom hey evate to the pose ‘The appointment of éitherong of their favorites would have #o out+ raged the better portion the community that trouble would have ensued, once an appoint ment Was made which pi the Whole commu nity, Americans bats ‘arly, James W, Austin re- pS appointme: and a ited the position, tus relie the communi f'n den! of ante ‘. si ad ba i” MEXICO. San Juan de Los Lianos—Character and Habits of the Totonac Indians—Their Atte tude in the Puebla Rebellion—Position of Generql Alatorre—Incidents of a Trip to San Juau—Mineral Resources, San JUAN DE LOS LLANOs, July 19, 1868. This Mexican town or village, situated on the western edge of the northern portion of the State of Puebla, boasts of a surrounding country stretching especially to the eastward and northward which rivals any upon which our eye has fallen in the magnificent grandeur and beauty of its scenery and the native richness of its soil, Elevated far above the level of the sea, its inhabitants turning to the southward still look upward at the snow-capped peak of Orizaba, vieing with the clouds in its altl- tude of 15,500 feet above the level of the sea. Qortes, in his fillibustering triumphal march from Jalapa to Tiascala, enjoyed the support of the present oc- cupants’ ancestors, The actual inhabitants have not yet lost many of those admirable traits which in their forefathers contributed so successfully to the progress of “the Conqueror.” His line of march lay over the northern part of the plateau of which San Juan de los Llanos boasts of being the largest septle- ment, where your correspondent at this moment happens to be sojourning. This pretty little town is situated to the eastward of the city of Mexico about one hundred and twenty-five miles, and is reached -by & very good wagon road extending three-fourths” or more of the distance, the remainder being a bridle road, Ltke most or all Mexican houses in this part of the country, the buildings are of lava, or some heavier stone, or of sun-baked brick made of mud cemented in part with lime. They have mostly one story, although afew around the public square are two in height, The race which inhabits this district and also that of Tezuitian, which is immediately north, is alygost purely Indian, and enjoys no pur- sults Bo satisfactorily as those of peace. "In this re- spect they are unlike most of the Mexican Lag aa which, unhappily mixed with the Spanish race, has had engrafted upon it thereby too inany of the ele- ments which make them @ revolutionary people, although itis true that at the time of the conquest, Cortes found the Aztecs, Texcocoans and Tlascalans to be more warlike races than the Totonacs, The latter, then as now, were not wanting in bravery or in other characteri#| ics of manhood, and yet they had by nature or from instruction the {dea that to cultl- vate the soil and to prosecute une arts, according to the lights which they possessed, was as much the part of a great and noble race as to be constantly dm poverisiing tself and diminishing its population by continuous Wars. It 1s true that the Totopacs were the first to join Cortes tn his inyasion of the territory of Moctezuma, but it wag less from a love of war or conquest than from a fear of the grasping ambition of the Aztec xing and his people and a con: viction that their downfall by the aid of the omnip tent Spaniards would assure them longer years of quiet, Your correspondent finds a not dissimilar state of public morality and ambition among this same race to-day. It is the Gescendants of the Totonaes, who in Northern Puebla have been protesting against the wrong ii flicted upon them by the setting aside of the cons tutionally elected Governor of the State, Mende: and the unjust and forcible substitution of Gar- cla, who at the election recetved but a fraction of the votes cast, but who is the choice of those who have retained him tn power. Like quict and order loving citizeas they have by public addresses, by commissions sent to Congress and the government protested against this Mllegahiy, and after four Inonths’ patient waiting, their representations and protestations having been disregarded, have ap- pealed to arms, only so far as to disown the author- ty of the present incumbent of the gubernatorial chair and refusing to pay tribute. Juan Francisco Lucas, their leader, is a blooded Indian, is regarded by them with great sideration and veneration and ts but a few miles dl. tant in the sierra or in the village oi Tetela. Ji Mendez, who happens to be the man representing the great principle of human rights for which these ag are contending, is also quietly at his home in Tetela and, so far as appears, lakes no part in the uprising, but keeps silent. If common report in this neighborhood ts to be relied upon, Juau Fran- cisco Lucas has a considerable supply. of arms, pow- der, lead and caps, and in a few hours’ notice can collect at a single point from three to four thousand men. There are those who are sanguine that his force which can be made immediately available is much greater than either of the above figures. Two thousand or more English muskets are said to have been received by him of late, and also gun caps, possibly from the coast; bata foegt is made In the mountains and lead ts found in the mineral districts, Not all or any considerable rtion of the time 1s devoted by these men to war- ike pursuits. They are daily at their usual and legitimate avocations, to be called into the fleld at such a moment as the advance of any force attempt- ing to carry forward the plans of Governor Garcia may require. Such, your correspondent learns, is the attitude of the “80 called” revolutionary force in the sierra of Puebla, On the other hand the troops of the government, under General Alatorre, have been concentrated at Zacapoastia, whether for the purpose of making a campaign in the sierra or of showing a warlike front, in the hope of frightenin; from Juan Francisco Lucas accommodating terms o} adhesion, it is not possible to say. The rumors are not few that both influence and inoney will be used to settle the question without eels a campaign, though one would think from the positiveness Which, is given to the almost universal expression that no arrangement can be effected except that of unquali- fled acquiescence in the will of the people and the inauguration of Governor Mendez. General Alatorre is believed to have not far from two thousand men, Juan Francisco Lucas is reported to have several small pieces of artillery, which are transported from ince to place in the mountains as required on the ks of mules. Passing through this country one is immediately impressed with the honesty which characterizes this ple and so distinguishes them above their neighbors. Your correspondent has actualiy seen a family’s week’s washing left out over night in this neighborhood, their owners evidently sleeping with the assurance that their property thus exposed would be found untouched in the morning. Padtocks and bars are not necessary, and conseqnently do not find so ready & market here as in the vicinity of Mexico and Puebla, The cultivation of corn, wht barley and beans is most assiduously and successfully foi- lowed, while the working of mines and the raising of stock Is followed to the extent of the facilities and the capital which the people enjoy. In these respects the contrast Ia great When we compare the people of Northern Puebia, who are the Totonacs of Cortes with the people of Mexico, Tlascala and Puebla, who are the Aztecs, Texcocoane and Tlascalans of the conqueror, On my journey to this place occasion was had to tarry for a half hour at the hacienda (large farm house) to rest my horse and obtain a bite for him and myself after a tedious ride of many miles. Your correspondent was met by @ most amus- ing look of astonishment and wonderment, which I subsequently learned was in consequence of the amount of tolerable wearing apparel which I retained upon my person. My tortiiias (thin corn cakes) and milk were accompanied by the host’s recital of the experience of a traveller a day or two previous, who was taken from the stage, passing near, into the bush, and after having m robl of his es, to say nothing of being frightened nearly out of his wits, was relieved of everything bat “his small-clothes, and in that ne Was permitted to go on hia way rejoicing, he could, or seek consolation from our kind host. b: tne sare day, or one previous, another would-be happy traveller was persuaded by a few armed gen. tlemen of the road to get down out of the coach and accompany them into the mountains, where they romised to pay his board until such time as his Fienas might care to send for him, pire opin | their missive with a check for $5,000 or $10,000. Thi pastime is called In Mexico “plagiato.” Innocent residents of the United States would call it man stealing or kidnapping. These little occurrences had happened on the road which | had just passed and their recital were the only condiments which my meal required. Upon completing the ride that day to San Juan de los Lianos such other stimulus as may have been needed to hurry my steed onward waa supplied by the frequent rade crosses erected by the roadside which mark the spot where violent deaths had befallen the travellers, Your correspond. ext, While xpon his journey, counted six by the way- side within the distance of a single mile. Going northward and eastward from this place to- wards 5an Francisco the route, just before reaching the latter place, is believed to be the same Which was followed by Cortes when on his way to Flascala, The prevaienge of mounds and the re- wins of every Variety of Indian relics are evidence hatin the eurly days this region was thickly in- habited and that it was the centre of the highest de of Indian civilization; that here were lo- cated the most elaborately constructed retioet edi+ fices or pyramids and that here were also the look- outs upon a threatening euemy and the military de- fences and strongholds, At the time when Corte rried in San Francisco the town bore the name o: Xtacamaxtitian, On the occasion of your corre- spondent’s yisit to this town the day was Sunday, and she quiet people, gathered from many miles around, were just wending thelr way from the church, Where the religious services had but just terminated, to the public square In the centre of the town, to enjoy an institution Which was introduced into Mexico by tne conquerors simultaneously with with the Roman Catholio religion, I refer to a Spanish cockfight, This feast, if not a religious one, is obaorved in Yxtacamaxtitian, as in many other towns and cities in Mexico, on Sundays, the day When to people are gathered to enjoy as well as to worship, rather than to rest. Your correspondent was here impressed with the reflection that Almedo and his associate priests, companions of Cortez, fell far short of their intended purpose of Me | the Roman Catholic religion in Mexico In the plac: of the religion of idolatry aud of human sacrifice which they found prevalent. They succeeded only fo far as this, they effected the substitution of images of wood and stone of Christ, of the Virgin, his discl- es and some saints for the | of tho several eitles which, for unknown ages, they had worships matter of great doubt if there are, at mong those who worship at the who fully understand of apprec! tmertiee'n Zoneraiy etleved to sueatn toward to ice is general Fedemption of fate man. Itis certain that amon, @ In a centuries are strangely commingled with the teachs ings of the Uatholic’ clerzy, resulting in a religi belief, of the utter want of one, Which, in any oth country but would exclude such lay! from the of the Ohurch. Not a littie can be said of the mineral wealth o! the State of Puebla, and especially of the districts of Tezuitlan and San Juan de los Lianos, Their 4 as yet hidden. Notwith little or no advancement has been mad since that period, whe it ts again certanm deat eet to the disturbed condition of the count nate inertia of the people, ne adequate ment has been otered, foreign capital and life, troduction of the most complete and eu cessful, though necessarily expensive me; of procuring ores and reducing the same, Gold {, not wanting. Rich and abundant seams and gol bearing quartz are found over the Sierra, requirh only a pacified condition of the country, where cap! tal, machinery and men may be safely employ to bring it into market. A mine known the “Magistral”’ is now opened, and 1s believed have yielded-copper in great abundance at the time of the conquest. From tie same immediate locaitt itis chronicled that Cortez took tron plentifully; which was worked into ail manner of implements 0] war and of peace by the followers of the col queror. Your correspondent visited these localiti and can attest the presence of ample evidence of th Wealth of metals which must have been removed 1 years gone by, a8 weli as the extent of the suppl which remains untouch Copper seems especial! abundant through northern and central Puebl while lead ores, with and witout silver, are not unfrequent, Obsidian and other metals are als abundant. Reflecting upon the comparative scarcit; of lavor which is reported to altiict the taborin classes of the United States, and the immense flel which, in the immediate vicinity of your correspon ent, to say nothing of the muititudes of other ne! mineral districts ail over the republic of Mexico or should be open to any or all, for God has undoubt edly given the earth and its contents for the benefit of universal man, and to no one race the right to insist that natare’s wealth shall not be Beveloned; consid. pony! then hoW great is tie weaith which ‘les he: aud how much this weaits might be made to con tribute to universal mum and tie advancement of civilization, and considering how many there are i ditferent lands who would gladly employ themselver or their capital in exploring this wealth, and in the sequences which woud follow such development one 18 led to wonder for how many decades longs the nations of the earth will consent to such a poll tical condition of Mexico, or such enactments shall positively prevent the wor.d from doing what three centuries have proven people of Mexi incapable of accompiushing— , the proper an elaborate exhibitioy aud development of the distriq button of vaiuable ores in Mexico. The same retle tion applies, but perhaps less forcibly, to the iad of the agricultural feaiires of the country, Hungel and self-preservation are two Instincts which are prominent tn the Mexican character as in any otherg consequentiy corn and the bean has been and une doubtediy will not cease to be cultivated; wheal barley and the sugar cane has also not been ne; lected, but their production tas only been force by the above instincts, and there are now and alway: have been thousands who prefer to rob each other 0: the ce ‘orm the labor of producd have been supposed tery years since that C: a, Whose geographic surface presents much of the wild and untillabl mountain, and only a considerable of fertile land, would ever have become a ceveal exporting country,: and yet she feeds ker vast and rapidly of uel Population and sends abroad thousands of bushe! anuually, Mexico scarcely cultivates one-third of} her arable lands and insuficiently feeds only a por~ tion of her population, though she can boast of @ most glorious climate and two crops a year. How soon siiail the benign eifulse.ce of an American ¢lvle lization shine upon benlghied Mexico? THE PRIZE RING | ight Between Two Sixteenth Ward Rowe diesThey Fight Fourteen Rounds and Are: Pat to Flight by the Local Authorities—Are rest of Two of the Gang, At daylight yesterday morning a gang of about one hundred men and boys crossed into Jersey from the! foot of Highteenth and Twentieth streets to witnesg a prize fight between two Sixteenth ward rowdies,' who had been matched to fight for $100 aside. The two aspirants for pugilistic fame are known as Jim! O'Donnell, alias “Coppers,” a lounger about the! corners of Ninth avenue and Eighteenth street, andt the other, Mike Carry, a well known desperado. Thé two principals left the city on Sunday evening, bu most of their admirers crossed in small boats during the night. The place selected was just north of Guttenberg, on the upper road, where there is very little travel, and which was selected by a well-known hotel keeper near by, A ring was soon pitched and everything: arranged for the conflict. Both men were well pone and no trouble was had in the selection a referee. At a little past four o’clock the men stripped for the contest, both being well built men au )pa- rently between twenty-five and thirty years of age. On time being called they came up promptly ani went quickly to business, Curry getting in the firs blow. They made lively work for some time, whe Curry received a telling blow on the ribs which ca\ him to drop. ' The second round waa very light, but in the thira Curry drew first blood, which was duly granted him ; amid the cheers of his friends. On the O/th round ©’Donnell a heavy blow on the side of his head, which sent him to grass, Curry; was doing heavy work, and it seemed that he was little too much for his adversary; but O'Donnell w: juick in movement and did his work “like a fellow” ou Curry’s ribs, In the eighth round the latter received a terrible’ hi on his right eye, which caused him again to The ensuing rounds to the twelfth were very light, but in the latter O'Donnell caused Curry to come th drop; so well had he punished him about the that he was getting “winded.” In the fourteenth round a constable of Hndson county, named Donnelly, appeared on the groun and ordered the principals to desist, threateni them with arrest. They at first declined, when Don- nelly stated that he h: pr ow and started: off, ag they supposed, to get them. He nad hardly{ got a great distance when a cry was raised that a, whole armed force was after them, and such a rush ‘Was seldom seen. In a second almost not a vestige: of the gang could be seen in the vicinity; down the) hill they flew pell-mek, and such scampering rt boats was a sight to behold; away they ulled, and the majority were soon safe In the open iudson. It seems that the constable had only suc- ceeded in getting two men, and this was the total! force. They managed to capture two young men. who were left behind, and they will no doubt be held wo answer. THE LATE FLOODS IN MARYLAND. Relief for the Sufferers—Over $100,000 Contributed—Bridges Repaired and Ree pairing—The Greatest Suflerer and How He Takes His Losses. BALTIMORE, August 16, 1868. We have very nearly recovered from the effects of the late disastrous flood, or, in other words, those who lost and suffered most have been so relieved: and assisted as to be again quite comfortable. Many of them have cleaned up and repaired their stores, shops, manufactories, &c., as to again resume busi- ness. I suppose about $100,000 in cash have been received from various sources for the rellef of thes sufferers, Some are still being aided. The flooded district 18 all cleaned up and carefully, attended to, #0 as to prevent sickness. The bridges scross Baltimore and Gay streets, which were damaged considerably, are again res paired and the city passenger cars running regularly over them. So also those on Lombara and Prate streets, The seven or eight other bridges over the falls, crossing Monument, Madison, Centre, Fayette and other streets, which were wholly swept away, are replaced with temporary structures, some for foot passengers and others for vehicles, ’ It has not yet been settled what will be done wit! Jones’ Falls. The general sentiment is in favor of widening, straightening and deepening i. In an event it will cost two or three millions of dollars The heaviest loser by the food was our worthy an very useful citizen, Benjamin Deford. He was sol owner of the Granite Cotton Mills, at Ellicott City, o1 the Patapsco, together with seven or eight powety all of which were literaily demolished, told me. his loss will not fail = sh of $250,000, nearly all of which was equal to casi aid out in the past eighteen months, He does not design rebuilding, Which must prove a great loss t the Village. The water power he vaiued at prior to the flood, now tt is worth scarcely anything, aa but few, if any, would risk expending mone; building large fortunes there again, The con quence, therefore, of this freshet will be almost tot Tuin to a once flourishing and beautiful little towte Mr. Deford 18 @ philosopher and takes his misfore tunes easy. Fortunate he is worth probably 4 milion of dollars yet, and one among our mos energetic, enterprising citizens, He says he only held what he lost on trust for those who came afer him, as he had an abundance besides to supply al his ‘wants, “He is cheerful and happy, #8 though nothing had happe: enw, 7 Lynn, Mase,” THE S108 Nesiwess.— Ti dusiness oF in, ’ has rarely if ever been better than it ts at the pro. sent timé, Ali kinds of goods are in demand ng the manufacturers have hard work to keep on with their orders, With the rise of gold the ten- dency of prices is upward, and buyers are anxious to place fete orders at the earliest possible mo+ fhent, ere has been quite a demand for these foods which not easily supplied, the ae urers being generally ¢! ‘upon the fall work. The market is almost Whol £2008— Sener, aurust